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Morfološke Značajke, Taksonomski Položaj I Filogenetičkio Dnosi Populacija Endemskih Vrsta Roda Scardinius (Cypriniformes, Actinopterygii) U Jadranskom Slijevu

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Morfološke Značajke, Taksonomski Položaj I Filogenetičkio Dnosi Populacija Endemskih Vrsta Roda Scardinius (Cypriniformes, Actinopterygii) U Jadranskom Slijevu Morfološke značajke, taksonomski položaj i filogenetičkio dnosi populacija endemskih vrsta roda Scardinius (Cypriniformes, Actinopterygii) u Jadranskom slijevu Sabolić, Marija Doctoral thesis / Disertacija 2021 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science / Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Prirodoslovno-matematički fakultet Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:826670 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-09-23 Repository / Repozitorij: Repository of Faculty of Science - University of Zagreb PRIRODOSLOVNO-MATEMATIČKI FAKULTET BIOLOŠKI ODSJEK Marija Sabolić MORFOLOŠKE ZNAČAJKE, TAKSONOMSKI POLOŽAJ I FILOGENETIČKI ODNOSI POPULACIJA ENDEMSKIH VRSTA RODA SCARDINIUS (CYPRINIFORMES, ACTINOPTERYGII) U JADRANSKOM SLIJEVU DOKTORSKI RAD Zagreb, 2021. FACULTY OF SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY Marija Sabolić MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, TAXONOMIC STATUS AND PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF THE POPULATIONS OF THE ENDEMIC SCARDINIUS SPECIES (CYPRINIFORMES, ACTINOPTERYGII) IN THE ADRIATIC BASIN DOCTORAL THESIS Zagreb, 2021 „Ovaj je doktorski rad izrađen na Zoologijskom zavodu, pod vodstvom izv. prof. dr. sc. Marka Ćalete, u sklopu Sveučilišnog poslijediplomskog doktorskog studija Biologije pri Biološkom odsjeku Prirodoslovno-matematičkog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu“. INFORMACIJE O MENTORU Izv. prof. dr. sc. Ćaleta, Marko Nakon završene I. zagrebačke gimnazije na Biološkom odsjeku PMF-a upisuje studij biologije. Diplomirao je 2000. i stječe zvanje diplomiranog inženjera biologije- ekologije. Poslijediplomski doktorski studij biologije završio je također na Biološkom odsjeku PMF-a, a doktorat znanosti iz znanstvenoga područja prirodnih znanosti, polje biologija, obranio je 2007. godine. Naslov doktorske disertacije glasio je "Ekološke značajke ihtiofaune nizinskog dijela rijeke Save". Od 2000. do 2012. godine zaposlen je u Zoologijskom zavodu Biološkog odsjeka kao mlađi asistent, asistent, viši asistent (poslijedoktorand) i naposljetku kao stručni savjetnik. Kao znanstveni novak sudjelovao je na trima projektima MOZS-a pod voditeljstvom prof. dr. sc. Milorada Mrakovčića. Od 2012. godine zaposlen je na Učiteljskom fakultetu. Predaje kolegije Prirodoslovlje 3 i 4. Osim na matičnom fakultetu nositelj je i izvoditelj nastave izbornog kolegija Mamalogija na Biološkom odsjeku Prirodoslovno-matematičkog fakulteta. U ožujku 2009. godine izabran je u znanstveno zvanje znanstveni suradnik, 2012. u znanstveno zvanje viši znanstveni suradnik, a 2018. godine u zvanje znanstveni savjetnik. U središtu njegova znanstvenog i stručnog interesa je slatkovodna ihtiofauna Hrvatske, ali i dinarskog, krškog područja. Pritom se kao glavne tematske cjeline mogu izdvojiti ekološke značajke riba, raznolikost rijetkih, ugroženih i endemskih vrsta riba te problematika unesenih i invazivnih vrsta riba. Objavio je 4 autorske knjige, 3 poglavlja u knjigama i više od 50 znanstvenih članaka u časopisima s međunarodnom recenzijom. Sudjelovao je na 15-ak inozemnih i domaćih znanstvenih skupova i konferencija s više od 50 izlaganja. Predstojnik je katedre za Prirodoslovlje, geografiju i povijest od 2014. do 2020. godine, a obnašao je i dužnost prodekana za poslovanje i razvoj Učiteljskog fakulteta (2015. – 2018.). Od 2015. godine predstavnik je Učiteljskog fakulteta u Vijeću društveno-humanističkoga područja Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. Dobitnik je posebne dekanove nagrade za ukupnu znanstvenu produktivnost i citiranost u akademskoj godini 2018./2019. Član je više strukovnih društava: Hrvatskog biološkog društva (HBD), Hrvatskog ekološkog društva (HED), Europskog ihtiološkog društva (EIS), Hrvatskog ihtiološkog društva (HID), Hrvatskog društva slatkovodnih ekologa (HUSEK) te međunarodnog udruženja za istraživanje Dunava (IAD). ZAHVALE Od srca se zahvaljujem svim djelatnicima Laboratorija za biologiju kralješnjaka i zaštitu prirode Zoologijskog zavoda PMF-a, koji su svojim radom i savjetima doprinijeli ovom doktorskom radu. Mentoru, izv. prof. dr. sc. Marku Ćaleti, zahvaljujem na podršci, konstruktivnim kritikama i savjetima tijekom izrade ovog rada. Beskrajno hvala doc. dr. sc. Ivani Buj na vremenu, savjetima, razumijevanju, strpljenju, podršci i glasu zdravog razuma kada mi je zatrebao. Doc. dr. sc. Zoranu Marčiću veliko hvala na tehničkoj i stručnoj pomoći u proteklih šest godina. Kolegama i prijateljima iz Zavoda za zaštitu okoliša i prirode neizmjerno hvala na podršci, razumijevanju i riječima ohrabrenja. Mojoj obitelji, Ankici, Josipu, Mirjani, baki, Ivi, Antoniu, Niki i Emini hvala na beskrajnoj ljubavi, podršci i vjeri u mene. Tanji, Ivanu, Ivani, Ivi, Dunji, Mariji i Ramoni, mojim čvrstim osloncima u svakodnevnom životu, hvala vam što ste uvijek tu za mene. Igoru, hvala, hvala, hvala, na svemu… Sveučilište u Zagrebu Doktorski rad Prirodoslovno-matematički fakultet Biološki odsjek MORFOLOŠKE ZNAČAJKE, TAKSONOMSKI POLOŽAJ I FILOGENETIČKI ODNOSI POPULACIJA ENDEMSKIH VRSTA RODA SCARDINIUS (CYPRINIFORMES, ACTINOPTERYGII) U JADRANSKOM SLIJEVU MARIJA SABOLIĆ Zoologijski zavod Ovim istraživanjem obuhvaćene su populacije drlje (Scardinius dergle) i peškelja (Scardinius plotizza) iz cijelog područja njihove rasprostranjenosti u Hrvatskoj i Bosni i Hercegovini, kao i dostupni podatci iz banke gena za ostale vrste unutar ovog roda na području jadranskog slijeva. Na svim istraživanim jedinkama analizirano je 25 morfometrijskih značajki, provedene su morfometrijske, merističke i fenološke analize te su dobiveni podatci opisani deskriptivnom statistikom i inferencijalnim statističkim metodama. Provedene su i filogenetičke analize istraživanih populacija temeljem genskih biljega za citokrom b, beta aktin i BMP te je utvrđena genska raznolikost, kao i molekularna dijagnostika populacija. Posebno je dan osvrt na taksonomski problem populacije iz Vranskog jezera na otoku Cresu. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju jasno odvajanje pojedinih istraživanih populacija temeljem provedenih morfoloških analiza što je provjereno i filogenetičkim analizama te su doneseni zaključci o međusobnim odnosima i raznolikosti istraživanih populacija. (230 stranica, 47 slika, 51 tablica, 257 literaturnih navoda, jezik izvornika: hrvatski jezik) Ključne riječi: rod Scardinius, morfologija, genetika, jadranski slijev, endemske vrste Mentor: Marko Ćaleta, izv. prof. dr. sc. Ocjenjivači: Ivana Buj, doc. dr. sc., Ana Galov, izv. prof. dr., Sanja Matić Skoko, dr. sc., znanstvena savjetnica u trajnom zvanju University of Zagreb Doctoral Thesis Faculty of Science Division of Biology MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS, TAXONOMIC STATUS AND PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF THE POPULATIONS OF THE ENDEMIC SCARDINIUS SPECIES (CYPRINIFORMES, ACTINOPTERYGII) IN THE ADRIATIC BASIN MARIJA SABOLIĆ Division of Zoology This research included populations of Scardinius dergle and Scardinius plotizza from their entire distribution area in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as available data from the gene bank for other species within this genus in the Adriatic basin. In total 25 morphometric characteristics were analysed. Morphometric, meristic and phenological features were explored, and analysed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistical methods. Phylogenetic analyses of the studied populations based on genetic markers for cytochrome b, beta actin and BMP were conducted, and genetic diversity was determined, as well as molecular diagnostics for populations. The taxonomic problem related to the population from the Lake Vrana on the Cres Island is also addressed. The obtained results show a distinct separation of some populations based on morphological analyzes, which were verified with phylogenetic analyzes, and final conclusions were made regarding relationships and diversity of the studied populations. (230 pages, 47 figures, 51 table, 257 references, original in: croatian) Keywords: genus Scardinius, morphology, genetics, Adriatic basin, endemic species Supervisor: Marko Ćaleta, PhD Assoc. Prof. Reviewers: Ivana Buj, PhD Assistant professor, Ana Galov, PhD Assoc. Prof., Sanja Matić Skoko, PhD Scientific Advisor SADRŽAJ 1. UVOD ........................................................................................................................... 4 1.1. Cilj istraživanja ...................................................................................................... 5 2. LITERATURNI PREGLED ......................................................................................... 7 2.1. Povijesni pregled taksonomije i sistematike vrsta unutar roda Scardinius ........... 7 2.2. Biologija, ekologija i rasprostranjenost vrsta unutar roda Scardinius ................. 15 2.3. Geološka povijest Sredozemnog mora i širenje primarno slatkovodnih riba ...... 26 2.4. Temeljne postavke filogenetičkih analiza ........................................................... 31 2.4.1. Koncept vrste ................................................................................................ 31 2.4.2. Osnovne postavke molekularne filogenetike ................................................ 32 2.4.3. Metode filogenetičke rekonstrukcije ............................................................ 39 2.5. Recentna morfološka i filogenetička istraživanja u sistematici roda Scardinius u jadranskom slijevu ...................................................................................................... 47 2.5.1. Recentna morfološka istraživanja ................................................................. 47
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