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BIOLOGICAL CONTROL of WEEDS a World Catalogue of Agents and Their Target Weeds Fifth Edition Rachel L

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United States Department of Agriculture BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WEEDS A WORLD CATALOGUE OF AGENTS AND THEIR TARGET WEEDS FIFTH EDITION Rachel L. Winston, Mark Schwarzländer, Hariet L. Hinz, Michael D. Day, Matthew J.W. Cock, and Mic H. Julien; with assistance from Michelle Lewis Forest Forest Health Technology University of Idaho FHTET-2014-04 Service Enterprise Team Extension December 2014 The Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team (FHTET) was created in 1995 by the Deputy Chief for State and Private Forestry, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, to develop and deliver technologies to protect and improve the health of American forests. This book was published by FHTET as part of the technology transfer series. http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/ Winston, R.L., M. Schwarzländer, H.L. Hinz, M.D. Day, M.J.W. Cock and M.H. Julien, Eds. 2014. Biological Control of Weeds: A World Catalogue of Agents and Their Target Weeds, 5th edition. USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, West Virginia. FHTET-2014-04. 838 pp. Photo Credits Front Cover: Tambali Lagoon, Sepik River, Papua New Guinea before (left) and after (right) release of Neochetina spp. (center). Photos (left and right) by Mic Julien and (center) by Michael Day, all via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO). Back Cover: Nomorodu, New Ireland, Papua New Guinea before (left) and after (right) release of Cecidochares connexa. Photos (left and right) by Michael Day, Queensland Department of Agriculture Fisheries and Forestry (DAFF), and (center) by Colin Wilson, Kangaroo Island Natural Resources Management Board, South Australia. Title Page: Caboolture River, Queensland, Australia before (left) and after (right) release of Agasicles hygrophila. Photos by Queensland DAFF. For additional copies of this publication, contact: Mark Schwarzländer Richard C. Reardon University of Idaho U.S. Forest Service PSES Department 180 Canfield Street Moscow, ID 83844 Morgantown, WV 26505 208.885.9319 304.285.1566 [email protected] [email protected] www.ibiocontrol.org/catalog/ BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WEEDS A WORLD CATALOGUE OF AGENTS AND THEIR TARGET WEEDS FIFTH EDITION Edited by Rachel L. Winston, Mark Schwarzländer, Hariet L. Hinz, Michael D. Day, Matthew J.W. Cock, and Mic H. Julien; with assistance from Michelle Lewis Rachel L. Winston, MIA Consulting, 316 N. Hansen Ave., Matthew J.W. Cock, CABI, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey, Shelley, ID 83274 USA, [email protected] TW20 9TY, United Kingdom, [email protected] Mark Schwarzländer, University of Idaho, Department of Plant, Mic H. Julien, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Soil and Entomological Sciences, 875 Perimeter Drive, MS 2339, Organisation, Ecosystem Sciences, 41 Boggo Road, Dutton Park, Moscow, ID 83844-2339 USA, [email protected] QLD 4102, Australia, [email protected] Hariet L. Hinz, CABI, Rue des Grillons 1, CH-2800, Delémont, Michelle Lewis, MIA Consulting, 316 N. Hansen Ave., Switzerland, [email protected] Shelley, ID 83274 USA, [email protected] Michael D. Day, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forestry, Ecosciences Precinct, GPO Box 267, Brisbane, Qld 4001 Australia, [email protected] The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the U.S. Department of Agriculture or the Forest Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, and marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call 202-720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Federal Recycling Program Printed on recycled paper TABLE OF CONTENTS Geographic Abbreviations ........................i Table 3. Previously Used or Potential Agents Found in Exotic Ranges where their Foreword . 1 Deliberate Release is not Recorded . 571 Acknowledgments ............................. 3 Table 4. Bioherbicides ........................ 719 Contributors .................................. 5 Research Organizations....................... 733 Contact the Editors.............................11 References ................................. 737 Introduction.................................. 12 Indexes Table 1. Exotic Organisms Scientific Names of Weeds .................. 825 Intentionally Introduced.................. 15 Families of Weeds......................... 829 Table 2. Native Organisms Scientific Names of Agents .................. 830 Intentionally Redistributed............... 533 Agent Families (Insects and Mites) and Orders (Fungi) ........................ 837 GEOGRAPHIC ABBREVIATIONS AUSTRALIA HAWAII USA REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA ACT Australian Capital Territory HA Hawai’i EC Eastern Cape MD Maryland NSW New South Wales KA Kaua’i FS Free State ME Maine NT Northern Territory LA Lāna’i GP Gauteng MI Michigan QLD Queensland MA Maui KZN KwaZulu-Natal MN Minnesota SA South Australia MO Moloka’i LP Limpopo (formerly Northern MO Missouri TAS Tasmania NI Ni’ihau Province) MS Mississippi VIC Victoria OA O’ahu MP Mpumalanga MT Montana WA Western Australia NC Northern Cape NC North Carolina PAPUA NEW GUINEA NWP North West ND North Dakota CANADA CHM Chimbu (Simbu) WC Western Cape NE Nebraska AB Alberta CTL Central NH New Hampshire BC British Columbia EHL Eastern Highlands UNITED STATES OF AMERICA NJ New Jersey MB Manitoba ENB East New Britain AK Alaska NM New Mexico NB New Brunswick ENG Enga AL Alabama NV Nevada NL Newfoundland and Labrador ESP East Sepik AR Arkansas NY New York NS Nova Scotia GLF Gulf AZ Arizona OH Ohio NT Northwest Territories HEL Hela CA California OK Oklahoma NU Nunavut MBP Milne Bay CO Colorado OR Oregon ON Ontario MDG Madang CT Connecticut PA Pennsylvania PEI Prince Edward Island MNS Manus DE Delaware RI Rhode Island QC Quebec MRB Morobe FL Florida SC South Carolina SK Saskatchewan NCD National Capital District GA Georgia SD South Dakota YT Yukon NIP New Ireland HI Hawaii TN Tennessee NSP North Solomons IA Iowa TX Texas (Bougainville autonomous ID Idaho UT Utah region) IL Illinois VA Virginia SHL Southern Highlands IN Indiana VT Vermont WHP Western Highlands KS Kansas WA Washington WNB West New Britain KY Kentucky WI Wisconsin WSP West Sepik (Sandaun) LA Louisiana WV West Virginia WST Western Province (Fly) MA Massachusetts WY Wyoming i Biological Control of Weeds 1 FOREWORD Biological control is a fascinating discipline where experimental Biological control is not without risk, but with each passing decade projects are conducted at ecoregional scales. Biological control it has become safer when compared to the alternative of allowing using natural enemies and native organisms is an important tool in invasive weeds to spread unchecked. In recent years there has been the land manager’s arsenal of weed control techniques. The practice a greater concern about evolutionary processes and how these may has been expanding from use primarily on rangelands and aquatic affect biocontrol agents after they are released in novel environments, systems into other environments. The editors of this comprehensive and how native plants and crops may be at risk. We should be aware, work have embarked on the difficult task of cataloging the biological but cautious, when comparing nontarget impacts of old projects and control of invasive plants (noxious weeds) on a global scale. With protocols against new host specificity testing methodology. each successive edition of this World Catalogue of Biological Control of Weeds since 1982, the monumental task of pulling together so For each weed biocontrol system, the editors report the validated much information has been compounded by the ever changing geo- status by: the weed and its origin; biocontrol agent, country, release political landscape and the increasing number of targeted weeds and year; notes on establishment, abundance, success/failure; research new biocontrol agents. This book will serve as a valuable reference organization; and references. It is easiest to report the status of to practitioners and scientists throughout the world, help foster biocontrol agents by political units, as there are specific boundaries cooperation of partnerships on new and old projects, and advance the and conditions that can be easily recorded. It would be nice to report science of biocontrol. Some biological control agents are redistributed status by ecoregion, since that is where the evolutionary forces act to countries, states, regions, etc., where the political entity has relied on upon their populations, but those units are not always well defined, host specificity testing conducted in another country or by an adjoining making reporting more difficult. Care should be taken when analyzing neighbor. the data herein, as the subjectivity is proportional to the scale at which it is applied. Since the Fourth Edition by M.H.
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  • Sapotaceae)1

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    Hoehnea 45(1): 129-133, 1 fi g., 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-44/2017 Primeiro registro para o Brasil de Maravalia bolivarensis Y. Ono (Pucciniales) parasitando Manilkara sp. (Sapotaceae)1 Ronan Gomes Furtado3, Helen Maria Pontes Sotão 2,3,4, Josiane Santana Monteiro3 e Fabiano Melo de Brito3 Recebido: 11.07.2017; aceito: 8.01.2018 ABSTRACT - (First record for Brazil of Maravalia bolivarensis Y. Ono (Pucciniales) parasitizing Manilkara sp. (Sapotaceae)). This study presents a taxonomic treatment of the phytopathogenic fungus Maravalia bolivarensis (Pucciniales) causing rust in plants of Manilkara sp. (Sapotaceae), in the Amapá National Forest, Amapá State, Brazil. Previously known only from Venezuela, this is the fi rst record of M. bolivarensis for Brazil, and its original distribution is extended to the Amazon Biome. Morphological descriptions, illustrations of the microstructures, examined material, geographic distribution and taxonomic comments are provided for this species. Additionally, Maravalia sapotae (Mains) Y. Ono was also recorded in the Amapá National Forest and is being referred here for the fi rst time to the state of Amapá. Finally, an identifi cation key including species of the teleomorph genera Achrotelium, Catenulopsora and Maravalia that occur on plants of Sapotaceae in Brazil is presented. Keywords: Amazon, Chaconiaceae, Maravalia sapotae, Pucciniomycetes RESUMO - (Primeiro registro para o Brasil de Maravalia bolivarensis Y. Ono (Pucciniales) parasitando Manilkara sp. (Sapotaceae)). Apresenta-se um tratamento taxonômico do fungo fi topatógenoMaravalia bolivarensis (Pucciniales) causando ferrugem em plantas do gênero Manilkara (Sapotaceae), na Floresta Nacional do Amapá, no Estado do Amapá. Previamente conhecida apenas para a Venezuela, este é o primeiro registro de M.