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Pol Sci Q Paper
1 OBJECTIVES & RATIONALE OF THE SUBJECT Rationale At the senior secondary level students who opt Political Science are given an opportunity to get introduced to the diverse concerns of a Political Scientist. At this level there is a need to enable students to engage with political processes that surround them and provide them with an understanding of the historical context that has shaped the present. The different courses introduce the students to the various streams of the discipline of Political Science: Political Theory, Indian Politics and International Politics. Concerns of the other two streams - Comparative Politics and Public Administration- are accommodated at different places in these courses. In introducing these streams, special care has been taken not to burden the students with the current jargon of the discipline. The basic idea here is to lay the foundations for a serious engagement with the discipline at the under graduation stage. Objectives: Contemporary World Politics Enable the students to expand their horizons beyond India and make sense of the political map of contemporary world. Familiarise the students with some of the key political events and processes in the post cold war era. Equip students to be conscious of the way in which global events and processes shape our everyday lives. Strengthen their capacity for political analysis by thinking of contemporary developments in a historical perspective. Politics in India after Independence Enable students to become familiar with some of the key political events and figures in the post independence period. Develop skills of political analysis through an understanding of events and processes of recent history. -
Commemorating the World Yoga Convention 2013
Year 3 Issue 2 March 2014 YOGA Membership postage: Rs. 100 Bihar School of Yoga, Munger, Bihar, India Commemorating the World Yoga Convention 2013 Hari Om YOGA is compiled, composed and pub lished by the sannyasin disciples of Swami Satyananda Saraswati for the benefit of all people who seek health, happiness and enlightenment. It contains in- formation about the activities of Bihar School of Yoga, Bihar Yoga Bharati, Yoga Publications Trust and Yoga Research Fellowship. Editor: Swami Shaktimitrananda Saraswati Assistant Editor: Swami Yogatirth- GUIDELINES FOR SPIRITUAL LIFE ananda Saraswati YOGA is a monthly magazine. Late Secret of Success subscriptions include issues from January to December. The practice of yoga should be gradual and Published by Bihar School of Yoga, step by step. Extremes are to be avoided. Ganga Darshan, Fort, Munger, Bihar Common sense is an essential part of yoga – 811201. and so is boldness. Fickle-mindedness will Printed at Thomson Press India not advance you on the path of yoga. Ltd., Haryana – 121007 Oscillation will retard progress and result © Bihar School of Yoga 2014 in stagnation. Membership is held on a yearly basis. Please send your requests Reflect gradually and choose a method, stick for application and all correspond- to it and persevere with it continuously. This ence to: faith is absolutely necessary. A person who Bihar School of Yoga digs a well must dig on and on in the same Ganga Darshan place, only then will he reach the water. Fort, Munger, 811 201 Bihar, India The same is valid in yoga: one teacher, one path, one method, one master, one idea - A self-addressed, stamped envelope must be sent along with enquiries to en- and one-pointed faith and devotion. -
Who Is in Justice? Caste, Religion and Gender in the Courts of Bihar Over a Decade*
Who is in justice? Caste, religion and gender in the courts of Bihar over a decade* Sandeep Bhupatiraju (World Bank)ǀ Daniel L. Chen (Toulouse School of Economics, World Bank)ǁ Shareen Joshi (Georgetown University)ǂ Peter Neis (Toulouse School of Economics)± November 29, 2020 Abstract Bihar is widely regarded as one of India’s poorest and most divided states. It has also been the site of many social movements that have left indelible marks on the state’s politics and identity. Little is currently known about how structural inequalities have affected the functioning of formal systems of justice in the state. We use a novel dataset of more than 1 million cases filed at the Patna high court between 2009—2019 together with a variety of supplementary data to analyze the role of religion, caste and gender in the high court of Bihar. We find that the courts are not representative of the Bihari population. Muslims, women and scheduled castes are consistently under-represented. The practice of using “caste neutral” names is on the rise. Though there is little evidence of “matching” between either judges and petitioners or between judges and filing advocates on the basis of names, we do find evidence that petitioners and their advocates match on the basis of identity such as the use of “caste neutral” names. These results suggest that the social movements which disrupted existing social structures in the past may have inadvertently created new social categories that reinforce networks and inequalities in the formal justice system. *We are grateful to Shilpa Rao and Lechuan Qiu for excellent research assistance. -
Ancient History of Bihar
Ancient History of Bihar By- BPSC Notes http://bpscnotes.com The word ‘Bihar’ has originated from the ‘Viharas’ which means resting house of Buddhist monk but it was the Muslim rulers of 12th Century who started calling the state as ‘Bihar’. Advent of Aryans in Bihar 1. Aryans started moving towards Eastern India in the later Vedic period (1000-600 BC). 2. Satapatha Brahmana mentioned the arrival and spread of Aryans. 3. Varah Puran mentions that Kikat as inauspicious place and Gaya, Punpun and Rajgir as auspicious place. The Mahajanpada The Buddhist and Jaina literature mentioned that 6th century India was ruled by a number of small kingdoms or city states dominated by Magadha. By 500 BC witnesses the emergence of sixteen Monarchies and Republics known as the Mahajanapada. 1. Anga: Modern divisions of Bhagalpur and Munger in Bihar and also some parts of Sahibgunj and Godda districts of Jharkhand. 2. Magadha: Covering the divisions of Patna and Gaya with its earlier capital at Rajgriha or Girivraj. 3. Vajji: a confederacy of eight republican clans, situated to the north of river Ganges in Bihar, with its capital at Vaishali. 4. Malla : also a republican confederacy covering the modern districts of Deoria, Basti, Gorakhpur and Siddharth nagar in Eastern U.P. with two capitals at Kusinara and Pawa. 5. Kashi: covering the present area of Banaras with its capital at Varanasi. 6. Kosala: covering the present districts of Faizabad, Gonda, Bahraich etc. with its capital at Shravasti. 7. Vatsa: covering the modern districts of Allahabad and Mirzapur etc. with its capital at Kaushambi. -
Report on the Flood Relief Camps in Bihar
For a Morsel of Life! A ‘Dalit Watch’ Report on the Flood Relief Camps in Bihar September 2008 Based on Monitoring of 205 Relief Camps Located in the Districts of Supaul, Saharsa, Madhepura, Araria and Purnea Monitoring Undertaken by Volunteers and Members of Dalit Watch associated with Bachpan Bachao Andolan Badh Sukhad Mukti Andolan Dalit Samanvay Lokshakti Sangathan Nari Gunjan National Campaign for Dalit Human Rights and Praxis – Institute for Participatory Practices Report on the Flood Relief Camps in Bihar Key personnel involved in anchoring the monitoring exercise Abhay Kumar, Anindo Banerjee, Ashutosh Vishal, Bharat Kale, Chandra Bhushan, Devendra Kumar, Dr. SDJM Prasad, Kamal, Girish Chandra Mishra, Jay Kumar Verma, Mahendra Kumar Roshan, Mukta Ojha, Rambabu Kumar, Rahul Singh, Ranjeev, Sr. Sudha Verghese, Vijeta Laxmi Supervision of relief camps undertaken by Abhay Kumar, Amar Kumar Sada, Amarnath Kumar, Amitesh Kumar, Anil Kumar Singh, Anita Devi, Archana Kumari, Arun Kumar Paswan, Atul Priyadarsi, Azad Alam, Bharti, Bheekho Bodh, Bhugeshwar Ram, Bhuneshwar Naga, Birju Kumar, Chaube Bharti, Denish, Dilip Giri, Dinesh Kumar, Dr. Rampal Sharma, Dr. Shailendra Kumar, Gajender Majhi, Ganesh Paswan, Gautam Thakur, Gulabchand Sada, Jeevan Prakash Bharti, Kamal Kishor Bharti, Kamal Mahto, Kamlesh Kumar, Lalan Paswan, Lalan Ram, Laxman Sada, Laxmi Devi, Mahendra Kumar Roshan, Mala, Mamta Devi, Manju Devi, Manoj Kumar, Manoj Kumar, Md. Jawaluddin HaQ, Meera Devi, Moti Sada, Mukesh Kumar, Mumtaz Begum, Neelu Mala, Neeraj Kumar, Priyadarshi -
Mughal Administration and the Zamindars of Bihar
MUGHAL ADMINISTRATION AND THE ZAMINDARS OF BIHAR ABSTRACT THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF Boctor of ^fjjlogopf)? r^ - >o- in \ BY TAHIR HUSSAIN ANSARl UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF PROF. AFZAL HUSAIN CENTRE OF ADVANCED STUDY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH 202002 (INDIA) 2008 ABSTRACT In the present Work we have studied the relation of the hereditary chiefs of Bihar with the,. Mughal Imperial authority. The hereditary chiefs were all over Northern India and were known as Zamindar, Kalantaran, buzurg and Marzabans and in the region of Bihar were generally called as Rajas. They played quite an important role in consolidating the Mughal conquest in India. Modem historians such as Moreland, P. Saran, Nurul Hasan and Irfan Habib have discussed in details about their power and position in the Mughal empire. Several others important works on zamindars have also been published in learned journals. Ahsan Raza Khan in particular has made a detailed study of the zamindars of Akbar's reign but so far no detailed study of the zamindars of the suba of Bihar of the Mughal period had been attempted. Therefore in the present work a humble attempt is made to study the relation of the zamindars of Bihar with the Mughal Administration. In the course of study we are able to identify a number of chieftaincies, prominent among them were Kharakpur Raj, the Ujjainias of Bhojpur, the cheros of Palamau, the Kokhra chieftaincy, the Gidhaur chieftaincy, the Darbhanga Raj, the Seor, the Panchet, etc. Some of these chieftaincies were very large having a group of parganas under their sway while others were so small that they held only a part of the pargana. -
Nature and Pattern of Migration in Medieval Bihar: an Analysis
Volume-04 ISSN: 2455-3085 (Online) Issue-02 RESEARCH REVIEW International Journal of Multidisciplinary February-2019 www.rrjournals.com[UGC Listed Journal] Nature and Pattern of Migration in Medieval Bihar: An Analysis Shibendra Kumar UGC NET (3 Times), Research Scholar, Department of History, L. N. Mithila University, Darbhanga, Bihar,(India) ARTICLE DETAILS ABSTRACT Article History The process of migration had influenced the socio-economic and cultural life of the origin Published Online: 10February 2019 and destination over different periods of time. The recognition and fame of the state of Bihar had a significant linkage with that of migration and their settlements in the region since Keywords ancient times. The beginning of the migration process and glory associated with the region Migration, Military, Forced, Slave- of Bihar can be traced back in the later Vedic period when Aryans migrated towards eastern trade, Voluntary India and Bihar region as well. In ancient Bihar, permanent out-migration was rare and only *Corresponding Author for commercial purposes temporary out-migration can be seen. In-migration was much more Email:shibendra.rai[at]gmail.com prominent and outsiders get attracted towards region because of its geographical location, fertile soil, historical and methodological importance. But this trend of migration gradually changed in medieval period because of the shifting of center of power towards northern India. Outsiders were still attracted towards the region but we see some distressed and forced out-migration too started from Bihar in medieval period which changed the demographic and socio-economic status of Bihar to a large extent. This paper attempts to examine the changing pattern and nature of migration of people in medieval Bihar. -
Place-Making in Late 19Th And
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of the Liberal Arts TERRITORIAL SELF-FASHIONING: PLACE-MAKING IN LATE 19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURY COLONIAL INDIA A Dissertation in History by Aryendra Chakravartty © 2013 Aryendra Chakravartty Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy August 2013 The dissertation of Aryendra Chakravartty was reviewed and approved* by the following: David Atwill Associate Professor of History and Asian Studies Director of Graduate Studies Dissertation Adviser Chair of Committee Joan B. Landes Ferree Professor of Early Modern History & Women’s Studies Michael Kulikowski Professor of History and Classics and Ancient Mediterranean Studies Head, Department of History Madhuri Desai Associate Professor of Art History and Asian Studies Mrinalini Sinha Alice Freeman Palmer Professor of History Special Member University of Michigan, Ann Arbor * Signatures are on file in the Graduate School. ii Abstract My project, Territorial Self-Fashioning: “Place-Making” in Late 19th and Early 20th Century Colonial India, focuses on the province of Bihar and the emergence of a specifically place-based Bihari regional identity. For the provincial literati, emphasizing Bihar as an “organic” entity cultivated a sense of common belonging that was remarkably novel for the period, particularly because it implied that an administrative region had transformed into a cohesive cultural unit. The transformation is particularly revealing because the claims to a “natural” Bihar was not based upon a distinctive language, ethnicity or religion. Instead this regional assertion was partially instigated by British colonial politics and in part shaped by an emergent Indian national imagination. The emergence of a place-based Bihari identity therefore can only be explained by situating it in the context of 19th century colonial politics and nationalist sentiments. -
Bihar: What Went Wrong? and What Changed? Arnab Mukherji
Bihar: What Went Wrong? And What Changed? Arnab Mukherji and Anjan Mukherji Working Paper No. 2012-107 September 2012 National Institute of Public Finance and Policy New Delhi http://www.nipfp.org.in 1 DRAFT Bihar: What went wrong? And what changed? Arnab Mukherji1 and Anjan Mukherji2,3 Economy in Historical Perspective Bihar as a political entity, either as a kingdom, or as a state within the republic of India, has its own identity from the time written records were available (Thapar 1966; Rangarajan 1992). Noted historian, Romila Thapar, describes the history of ancient India as the history of ancient Bihar. Many achievements that India became renowned for, in education, governance, society, or religion, have their roots in Bihar. Significant achievements of Bihar in trade and economic engagement within the state and outside of the Indian sub-continent emerge from a past that appears to have left no living legacy in today’s Bihar--a past so alien as to be either simply forgotten or treated as being completely incredible.4 A more recognizable, if rather dramatic picture of Bihar is that seen in a 2010 article on change in the state: 1Assistant Professor, Center for Public Policy, Indian Institute of Management Bangalore. 2Jawaharlal Nehru National Fellow, National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, New Delhi, and Country Director, IGC India-Bihar Program. 3Acknowledgements: Presented at the National Institute of Public Finance and Policy-Columbia University conference on “Growth, Poverty and Human Development in Indian States: Selected Issues” on August 7-8 at the India International Centre, New Delhi. We are indebted to our discussants Satya Das and Arunish Chawla for very helpful comments. -
The Long March of Migrant Workers in India During The
Editorial Migrant in my own country: The long march of migrant workers in India during the COVID‑19 pandemic 2020—Failure of postcolonial governments to decolonize Bihar and rebuild Indian civilization after 1947 Raman Kumar President Academy of Family Physicians of India, President, WONCA SAR The World Organization of Family Doctors, South Asia Region ABSTRACT The world is passing through the unprecedented crisis of COVID 19 pandemic. A large section of the global population has been living under mandatory mass quarantine, the lockdown, as a strategy towards slowing down the expansion of the pandemic. This lockdown is being eased out across world in a phase wise manner. India being one of the most populous countries is hardest hit by the pandemic and soon the number of positive cases is likely to touch one million mark. One of the most significant phenomenons observed during the Indian lockdown, has emerged as the long march of migrant workers from cities to their native places. Bihar, one of the Indian provinces is the major provider of migrant labourers for Indian agriculture and the industry sectors. As depicted on social media and television, the plight of migrants was disturbing and exposed modern Indian democracy’s vulnerabilities. Many of them had to walk on foot for thousands of kilometers, with their hungry families, from the industrial cities to their native places. Nothing has changed for the migrant workers through the past three centuries, including the first century of postcolonial India. Why are they called migrant workers? Are they not citizens of India? How come being Bihari—a native of Bihar province, one of the primary sources of migrant workers in India, become a stigma? So how did the historical symbol of the most significant accomplishments of Indian history, literature, science, and culture come to be identified with poor migrant workers’ image? Bihar’s underdevelopment is often blamed on corrupt local politicians and caste politics. -
History, Semesters I and II: ‘Global/Non-Indian’ Courses
Draft for M.A. History, Semesters I and II: ‘Global/Non-Indian’ Courses Revised Syllabus The Practice of History (Core Course, 1st semester) This foundation course aims to introduce students to important issues related to historical method by giving them a broad overview of significant, including recent, historiographical trends. The aim is to acquaint students with important historiographical interventions and issues related to the historian’s craft. The themes selected for discussion may include the ones given below, and may vary from year to year; more themes may be added to the list. Select readings have been given here; detailed readings will be provided in the course of instruction. 1. Pre-modern historical traditions 1. Modern historiography: documents and the archives 2. Cultural history 3. Marxism 4. Annales 5. Gender 6. Archaeology 7. Art and history 8. The environment 9. Oral history 10. Intellectual history 11. History of emotions 12. Connected histories: peoples regions, commodities Select Readings Alier, Joan Martinez, Padua, Jose Augusto and Rangarajan, Mahesh eds. Environmental History as if Nature Existed (Delhi, Oxford University Press, 2010) Aymard, Maurice and Mukhia, Harbans eds., French Studies in History, vol. I (Orient Longmans, New Delhi, 1989). Bloch, Marc, The Historian’s Craft, with an Introduction by Peter Burke (Manchester University Press, 2004). Burke, Peter, Varieties of Cultural History, Cornell University Press, 1997. Carr, E.H., What is History (also available in Hindi) (Penguin [1961], 2008). Davis, Natalie Zemon The Return of Martin Guerre (Harvard University Press, 1983) Haskell, Francis, History and its images: art and the interpretation of the past (New Haven and London, Yale University Press, [1993] 3rd reprint edn. -
Sculptural Art of Bihar Under the Rule of Aœoka, the Grandson of Chandragupta Maurya, Emerged As an Effective Capital of the Indian Subcontinent
South Asia Culture, History & Heritage 2015 Chandragupta’s son Bindusara deepened the empire towards central and southern India. Patna Sculptural art of Bihar under the rule of Aœoka, the grandson of Chandragupta Maurya, emerged as an effective capital of the Indian subcontinent. Emperor Aœoka transformed the wooden capital into a stone construction around 273 BC. Chinese scholar Fa-Hein, who visited India sometime around A.D. 399-414, has given a Dilip Kumar1 vivid description of the stone structures in his travelogue. The rise of Maurya’s marks a new epoch not only in Indian political history, but also in the field of art history. Pâtaliputra was the centre of all these activities. The artist of Pâtaliputra Introducton used clay in abundance and we get a large number of terracotta of Mauryan age from excavation Stone sculptures occupy an important place in the history of plastic arts of India. Bihar of various sites of Pâtaliputra. According to Saraswati, Mauryan terracotta’s are characterized is one of the most important Indian states, which has yielded various types of Stone Sculptures by remarkable individual traits in respect of physiognomy as well as expression. He says that beginning at least as far back as 3rd Century B.C down to end of the Pâla period around 11th – their ascription to the Mauryan age may be doubtful, but their very individuality marks them as 12th century A.D. and the study of these Stone sculptures is essential to complete the history of forming a distinct class by themselves, as significant as the sculptural art in this epoch.