Active Kinase Manual
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Aurora Kinase a in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Time to Target Ahmed Katsha1, Abbes Belkhiri1, Laura Goff3 and Wael El-Rifai1,2,4*
Katsha et al. Molecular Cancer (2015) 14:106 DOI 10.1186/s12943-015-0375-4 REVIEW Open Access Aurora kinase A in gastrointestinal cancers: time to target Ahmed Katsha1, Abbes Belkhiri1, Laura Goff3 and Wael El-Rifai1,2,4* Abstract Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a major cause of cancer-related deaths. During the last two decades, several studies have shown amplification and overexpression of Aurora kinase A (AURKA) in several GI malignancies. These studies demonstrated that AURKA not only plays a role in regulating cell cycle and mitosis, but also regulates a number of key oncogenic signaling pathways. Although AURKA inhibitors have moved to phase III clinical trials in lymphomas, there has been slower progress in GI cancers and solid tumors. Ongoing clinical trials testing AURKA inhibitors as a single agent or in combination with conventional chemotherapies are expected to provide important clinical information for targeting AURKA in GI cancers. It is, therefore, imperative to consider investigations of molecular determinants of response and resistance to this class of inhibitors. This will improve evaluation of the efficacy of these drugs and establish biomarker based strategies for enrollment into clinical trials, which hold the future direction for personalized cancer therapy. In this review, we will discuss the available data on AURKA in GI cancers. We will also summarize the major AURKA inhibitors that have been developed and tested in pre-clinical and clinical settings. Keywords: Aurora kinases, Therapy, AURKA inhibitors, MNL8237, Alisertib, Gastrointestinal, Cancer, Signaling pathways Introduction stage [9-11]. Furthermore, AURKA is critical for Mitotic kinases are the main proteins that coordinate ac- bipolar-spindle assembly where it interacts with Ran- curate mitotic processing [1]. -
Gene Symbol Gene Description ACVR1B Activin a Receptor, Type IB
Table S1. Kinase clones included in human kinase cDNA library for yeast two-hybrid screening Gene Symbol Gene Description ACVR1B activin A receptor, type IB ADCK2 aarF domain containing kinase 2 ADCK4 aarF domain containing kinase 4 AGK multiple substrate lipid kinase;MULK AK1 adenylate kinase 1 AK3 adenylate kinase 3 like 1 AK3L1 adenylate kinase 3 ALDH18A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase 18 family, member A1;ALDH18A1 ALK anaplastic lymphoma kinase (Ki-1) ALPK1 alpha-kinase 1 ALPK2 alpha-kinase 2 AMHR2 anti-Mullerian hormone receptor, type II ARAF v-raf murine sarcoma 3611 viral oncogene homolog 1 ARSG arylsulfatase G;ARSG AURKB aurora kinase B AURKC aurora kinase C BCKDK branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase BMPR1A bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IA BMPR2 bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type II (serine/threonine kinase) BRAF v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 BRD3 bromodomain containing 3 BRD4 bromodomain containing 4 BTK Bruton agammaglobulinemia tyrosine kinase BUB1 BUB1 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 homolog (yeast) BUB1B BUB1 budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1 homolog beta (yeast) C9orf98 chromosome 9 open reading frame 98;C9orf98 CABC1 chaperone, ABC1 activity of bc1 complex like (S. pombe) CALM1 calmodulin 1 (phosphorylase kinase, delta) CALM2 calmodulin 2 (phosphorylase kinase, delta) CALM3 calmodulin 3 (phosphorylase kinase, delta) CAMK1 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I CAMK2A calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase) II alpha CAMK2B calcium/calmodulin-dependent -
Outlier Kinase Expression by RNA Sequencing As Targets for Precision Therapy
Published OnlineFirst February 5, 2013; DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-12-0336 RESEARCH ARTICLE Outlier Kinase Expression by RNA Sequencing as Targets for Precision Therapy Vishal Kothari 1 , Iris Wei 2 , Sunita Shankar 1 , 3 , Shanker Kalyana-Sundaram 1 , 3 , 8 , Lidong Wang 2 , Linda W. Ma 1 , Pankaj Vats 1 , Catherine S. Grasso 1 , Dan R. Robinson 1 , 3 , Yi-Mi Wu 1 , 3 , Xuhong Cao 7 , Diane M. Simeone 2 , 4 , 5 , Arul M. Chinnaiyan 1 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , and Chandan Kumar-Sinha 1 , 3 ABSTRACT Protein kinases represent the most effective class of therapeutic targets in cancer; therefore, determination of kinase aberrations is a major focus of cancer genomic studies. Here, we analyzed transcriptome sequencing data from a compendium of 482 cancer and benign samples from 25 different tissue types, and defi ned distinct “outlier kinases” in individual breast and pancreatic cancer samples, based on highest levels of absolute and differential expression. Frequent outlier kinases in breast cancer included therapeutic targets like ERBB2 and FGFR4 , distinct from MET , AKT2 , and PLK2 in pancreatic cancer. Outlier kinases imparted sample-specifi c depend- encies in various cell lines, as tested by siRNA knockdown and/or pharmacologic inhibition. Outlier expression of polo-like kinases was observed in a subset of KRAS -dependent pancreatic cancer cell lines, and conferred increased sensitivity to the pan-PLK inhibitor BI-6727. Our results suggest that outlier kinases represent effective precision therapeutic targets that are readily identifi able through RNA sequencing of tumors. SIGNIFICANCE: Various breast and pancreatic cancer cell lines display sensitivity to knockdown or pharmacologic inhibition of sample-specifi c outlier kinases identifi ed by high-throughput transcrip- tome sequencing. -
Stem Cell Factor Is Selectively Secreted by Arterial Endothelial Cells in Bone Marrow
ARTICLE DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04726-3 OPEN Stem cell factor is selectively secreted by arterial endothelial cells in bone marrow Chunliang Xu1,2, Xin Gao1,2, Qiaozhi Wei1,2, Fumio Nakahara 1,2, Samuel E. Zimmerman3,4, Jessica Mar3,4 & Paul S. Frenette 1,2,5 Endothelial cells (ECs) contribute to haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance in bone marrow, but the differential contributions of EC subtypes remain unknown, owing to the lack 1234567890():,; of methods to separate with high purity arterial endothelial cells (AECs) from sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs). Here we show that the combination of podoplanin (PDPN) and Sca-1 expression distinguishes AECs (CD45− Ter119− Sca-1bright PDPN−) from SECs (CD45− Ter119− Sca-1dim PDPN+). PDPN can be substituted for antibodies against the adhesion molecules ICAM1 or E-selectin. Unexpectedly, prospective isolation reveals that AECs secrete nearly all detectable EC-derived stem cell factors (SCF). Genetic deletion of Scf in AECs, but not SECs, significantly reduced functional HSCs. Lineage-tracing analyses suggest that AECs and SECs self-regenerate independently after severe genotoxic insults, indicating the per- sistence of, and recovery from, radio-resistant pre-specified EC precursors. AEC-derived SCF also promotes HSC recovery after myeloablation. These results thus uncover heterogeneity in the contribution of ECs in stem cell niches. 1 The Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA. 2 Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA. 3 Department of Systems and Computational Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA. -
Frequency of ANKK1, DRD2, DRD3 Gene Polymorphisms in Refractory Schizophrenia Patients
Frequency of ANKK1, DRD2, DRD3 gene polymorphisms in refractory schizophrenia patients F.D.D. Nunes1, J.A.F. Pinto1, P.H.B. Freitas2, L.L. Santos2 and R.M. Machado1 1 Pós-graduação em Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, MG, Brasil 2 Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São João Del Rei, Divinópolis, MG, Brasil Corresponding author: F.D.D. Nunes E-mail: [email protected] Genet. Mol. Res. 18 (4): gmr18389 Received May 29, 2019 Accepted July 24, 2019 Published November 30, 2019 DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/gmr18389 ABSTRACT. Schizophrenia is considered one of the most severe and complex mental disorders; it affects both the quality of life of the patient and his family. The dopamine hypothesis is the main concept concerning antipsychotic activity. Patients with treatment-refractory schizophrenia have a lower capacity for dopamine synthesis than those with a good response to first-generation antipsychotics. The polymorphisms rs1800497, rs1799732 and rs6280were chosen for evaluation because they are associated with decreased dopamine receptor expression and occur in genes encoding these receptors, namely, ANKK1, DRD2 and DRD3, respectively. This effect caused by these polymorphisms enhances refractoriness to treatment. We investigated the frequency of these polymorphisms and evaluated their association with refractory schizophrenia. This was a case- control molecular genetic study, with patients who were divided into three groups of 72 participants each: patients with refractory schizophrenia, with schizophrenia and controls with no diagnosis of any type of mental disorder. All participants of the research were from the extended Midwest region of Minas Gerais. -
Survival Pathways That Regulate Macrophage Tec and Btk in M-CSF
Essential Roles for the Tec Family Kinases Tec and Btk in M-CSF Receptor Signaling Pathways That Regulate Macrophage Survival This information is current as of September 26, 2021. Martin Melcher, Bernd Unger, Uwe Schmidt, Iiro A. Rajantie, Kari Alitalo and Wilfried Ellmeier J Immunol 2008; 180:8048-8056; ; doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.12.8048 http://www.jimmunol.org/content/180/12/8048 Downloaded from References This article cites 36 articles, 18 of which you can access for free at: http://www.jimmunol.org/content/180/12/8048.full#ref-list-1 http://www.jimmunol.org/ Why The JI? Submit online. • Rapid Reviews! 30 days* from submission to initial decision • No Triage! Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists • Fast Publication! 4 weeks from acceptance to publication by guest on September 26, 2021 *average Subscription Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: http://jimmunol.org/subscription Permissions Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Email Alerts Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts The Journal of Immunology is published twice each month by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 2008 by The American Association of Immunologists All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. The Journal of Immunology Essential Roles for the Tec Family Kinases Tec and Btk in M-CSF Receptor Signaling Pathways That Regulate Macrophage Survival1 Martin Melcher,2* Bernd Unger,2† Uwe Schmidt,3* Iiro A. -
RASSF1A Interacts with and Activates the Mitotic Kinase Aurora-A
Oncogene (2008) 27, 6175–6186 & 2008 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved 0950-9232/08 $32.00 www.nature.com/onc ORIGINAL ARTICLE RASSF1A interacts with and activates the mitotic kinase Aurora-A L Liu1, C Guo1, R Dammann2, S Tommasi1 and GP Pfeifer1 1Division of Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA and 2Institute of Genetics, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany The RAS association domain family 1A (RASSF1A) gene tumorigenesis and carcinogen-induced tumorigenesis is located at chromosome 3p21.3 within a specific area of (Tommasi et al., 2005; van der Weyden et al., 2005), common heterozygous and homozygous deletions. RASS- supporting the notion that RASSF1A is a bona fide F1A frequently undergoes promoter methylation-asso- tumor suppressor. However, it is not fully understood ciated inactivation in human cancers. Rassf1aÀ/À mice how RASSF1A is involved in tumor suppression. are prone to both spontaneous and carcinogen-induced The biochemical function of the RASSF1A protein is tumorigenesis, supporting the notion that RASSF1A is a largely unknown. The homology of RASSF1A with the tumor suppressor. However, it is not fully understood how mammalian Ras effector novel Ras effector (NORE)1 RASSF1A is involved in tumor suppression pathways. suggests that the RASSF1A gene product may function Here we show that overexpression of RASSF1A inhibits in signal transduction pathways involving Ras-like centrosome separation. RASSF1A interacts with Aurora-A, proteins. However, recent data indicate that RASSF1A a mitotic kinase. Surprisingly, knockdown of RASS- itself binds to RAS only weakly and that binding to F1A by siRNA led to reduced activation of Aurora-A, RAS may require heterodimerization of RASSF1A and whereas overexpression of RASSF1A resulted in in- NORE1 (Ortiz-Vega et al., 2002). -
ACVR1 Antibody Cat
ACVR1 Antibody Cat. No.: 4791 Western blot analysis of ACVR1 in A549 cell lysate with ACVR1 antibody at 1 μg/mL in (A) the absence and (B) the presence of blocking peptide. Specifications HOST SPECIES: Rabbit SPECIES REACTIVITY: Human, Mouse HOMOLOGY: Predicted species reactivity based on immunogen sequence: Bovine: (100%), Rat: (93%) ACVR1 antibody was raised against a 14 amino acid synthetic peptide near the amino terminus of the human ACVR1. IMMUNOGEN: The immunogen is located within the first 50 amino acids of ACVR1. TESTED APPLICATIONS: ELISA, WB ACVR1 antibody can be used for detection of ACVR1 by Western blot at 1 μg/mL. APPLICATIONS: Antibody validated: Western Blot in human samples. All other applications and species not yet tested. At least four isoforms of ACVR1 are known to exist. This antibody is predicted to have no SPECIFICITY: cross-reactivity to ACVR1B or ACVR1C. POSITIVE CONTROL: 1) Cat. No. 1203 - A549 Cell Lysate Properties October 1, 2021 1 https://www.prosci-inc.com/acvr1-antibody-4791.html PURIFICATION: ACVR1 Antibody is affinity chromatography purified via peptide column. CLONALITY: Polyclonal ISOTYPE: IgG CONJUGATE: Unconjugated PHYSICAL STATE: Liquid BUFFER: ACVR1 Antibody is supplied in PBS containing 0.02% sodium azide. CONCENTRATION: 1 mg/mL ACVR1 antibody can be stored at 4˚C for three months and -20˚C, stable for up to one STORAGE CONDITIONS: year. As with all antibodies care should be taken to avoid repeated freeze thaw cycles. Antibodies should not be exposed to prolonged high temperatures. Additional Info OFFICIAL SYMBOL: ACVR1 ACVR1 Antibody: FOP, ALK2, SKR1, TSRI, ACTRI, ACVR1A, ACVRLK2, Activin receptor type-1, ALTERNATE NAMES: Activin receptor type I, ACTR-I ACCESSION NO.: NP_001096 PROTEIN GI NO.: 4501895 GENE ID: 90 USER NOTE: Optimal dilutions for each application to be determined by the researcher. -
Chromosomal Aberrations in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas in Norwegian and Sudanese Populations by Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization
825-843 12/9/08 15:31 Page 825 ONCOLOGY REPORTS 20: 825-843, 2008 825 Chromosomal aberrations in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas in Norwegian and Sudanese populations by array comparative genomic hybridization ERIC ROMAN1,2, LEONARDO A. MEZA-ZEPEDA3, STINE H. KRESSE3, OLA MYKLEBOST3,4, ENDRE N. VASSTRAND2 and SALAH O. IBRAHIM1,2 1Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Jonas Lies vei 91; 2Department of Oral Sciences - Periodontology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Årstadveien 17, 5009 Bergen; 3Department of Tumor Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet Medical Center, Montebello, 0310 Oslo; 4Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Oslo, Blindernveien 31, 0371 Oslo, Norway Received January 30, 2008; Accepted April 29, 2008 DOI: 10.3892/or_00000080 Abstract. We used microarray-based comparative genomic logical parameters showed little correlation, suggesting an hybridization to explore genome-wide profiles of chromosomal occurrence of gains/losses regardless of ethnic differences and aberrations in 26 samples of head and neck cancers compared clinicopathological status between the patients from the two to their pair-wise normal controls. The samples were obtained countries. Our findings indicate the existence of common from Sudanese (n=11) and Norwegian (n=15) patients. The gene-specific amplifications/deletions in these tumors, findings were correlated with clinicopathological variables. regardless of the source of the samples or attributed We identified the amplification of 41 common chromosomal carcinogenic risk factors. regions (harboring 149 candidate genes) and the deletion of 22 (28 candidate genes). Predominant chromosomal alterations Introduction that were observed included high-level amplification at 1q21 (harboring the S100A gene family) and 11q22 (including Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), including several MMP family members). -
Casein Kinase 1 Isoforms in Degenerative Disorders
CASEIN KINASE 1 ISOFORMS IN DEGENERATIVE DISORDERS DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Theresa Joseph Kannanayakal, M.Sc., M.S. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2004 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Jeff A. Kuret, Adviser Professor John D. Oberdick Professor Dale D. Vandre Adviser Professor Mike X. Zhu Biophysics Graduate Program ABSTRACT Casein Kinase 1 (CK1) enzyme is one of the largest family of Serine/Threonine protein kinases. CK1 has a wide distribution spanning many eukaryotic families. In cells, its kinase activity has been found in various sub-cellular compartments enabling it to phosphorylate many proteins involved in cellular maintenance and disease pathogenesis. Tau is one such substrate whose hyperphosphorylation results in degeneration of neurons in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is a slow neuroprogessive disorder histopathologically characterized by Granulovacuolar degeneration bodies (GVBs) and intraneuronal accumulation of tau in Neurofibrillary Tangles (NFTs). The level of CK1 isoforms, CK1α, CK1δ and CK1ε has been shown to be elevated in AD. Previous studies of the correlation of CK1δ with lesions had demonstrated its importance in tau hyperphosphorylation. Hence we investigated distribution of CK1α and CK1ε with the lesions to understand if they would play role in tau hyperphosphorylation similar to CK1δ. The kinase results were also compared with lesion correlation studies of peptidyl cis/trans prolyl isomerase (Pin1) and caspase-3. Our results showed that among the enzymes investigated, CK1 isoforms have the greatest extent of colocalization with the lesions. We have also investigated the distribution of CK1α with different stages of NFTs that follow AD progression. -
Advancing a Clinically Relevant Perspective of the Clonal Nature of Cancer
Advancing a clinically relevant perspective of the clonal nature of cancer Christian Ruiza,b, Elizabeth Lenkiewicza, Lisa Eversa, Tara Holleya, Alex Robesona, Jeffrey Kieferc, Michael J. Demeurea,d, Michael A. Hollingsworthe, Michael Shenf, Donna Prunkardf, Peter S. Rabinovitchf, Tobias Zellwegerg, Spyro Moussesc, Jeffrey M. Trenta,h, John D. Carpteni, Lukas Bubendorfb, Daniel Von Hoffa,d, and Michael T. Barretta,1 aClinical Translational Research Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Scottsdale, AZ 85259; bInstitute for Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland; cGenetic Basis of Human Disease, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004; dVirginia G. Piper Cancer Center, Scottsdale Healthcare, Scottsdale, AZ 85258; eEppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198; fDepartment of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98105; gDivision of Urology, St. Claraspital and University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; hVan Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503; and iIntegrated Cancer Genomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ 85004 Edited* by George F. Vande Woude, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI, and approved June 10, 2011 (received for review March 11, 2011) Cancers frequently arise as a result of an acquired genomic insta- on the basis of morphology alone (8). Thus, the application of bility and the subsequent clonal evolution of neoplastic cells with purification methods such as laser capture microdissection does variable patterns of genetic aberrations. Thus, the presence and not resolve the complexities of many samples. A second approach behaviors of distinct clonal populations in each patient’s tumor is to passage tumor biopsies in tissue culture or in xenografts (4, 9– may underlie multiple clinical phenotypes in cancers. -
Profiling Data
Compound Name DiscoveRx Gene Symbol Entrez Gene Percent Compound Symbol Control Concentration (nM) JNK-IN-8 AAK1 AAK1 69 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(E255K)-phosphorylated ABL1 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(F317I)-nonphosphorylated ABL1 87 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(F317I)-phosphorylated ABL1 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(F317L)-nonphosphorylated ABL1 65 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(F317L)-phosphorylated ABL1 61 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(H396P)-nonphosphorylated ABL1 42 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(H396P)-phosphorylated ABL1 60 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(M351T)-phosphorylated ABL1 81 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(Q252H)-nonphosphorylated ABL1 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(Q252H)-phosphorylated ABL1 56 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(T315I)-nonphosphorylated ABL1 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(T315I)-phosphorylated ABL1 92 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1(Y253F)-phosphorylated ABL1 71 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1-nonphosphorylated ABL1 97 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL1-phosphorylated ABL1 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 ABL2 ABL2 97 1000 JNK-IN-8 ACVR1 ACVR1 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 ACVR1B ACVR1B 88 1000 JNK-IN-8 ACVR2A ACVR2A 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 ACVR2B ACVR2B 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 ACVRL1 ACVRL1 96 1000 JNK-IN-8 ADCK3 CABC1 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 ADCK4 ADCK4 93 1000 JNK-IN-8 AKT1 AKT1 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 AKT2 AKT2 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 AKT3 AKT3 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 ALK ALK 85 1000 JNK-IN-8 AMPK-alpha1 PRKAA1 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 AMPK-alpha2 PRKAA2 84 1000 JNK-IN-8 ANKK1 ANKK1 75 1000 JNK-IN-8 ARK5 NUAK1 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 ASK1 MAP3K5 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 ASK2 MAP3K6 93 1000 JNK-IN-8 AURKA AURKA 100 1000 JNK-IN-8 AURKA AURKA 84 1000 JNK-IN-8 AURKB AURKB 83 1000 JNK-IN-8 AURKB AURKB 96 1000 JNK-IN-8 AURKC AURKC 95 1000 JNK-IN-8