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A Guide for Vulnerability Assessment and Local Early Action Planning

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A Guide for Vulnerability Assessment and Local Early Action Planning Climate Change Adaptation for Coral Triangle Communities: A Guide for Vulnerability Assessment and Local Early Action Planning (LEAP Guide) The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID, NOAA or the US Government. This publication may be reproduced or quoted in other publications as long as proper reference is made to the source. The recommended citation is listed below. The U.S. Coral Triangle Initiative (US CTI) Support Program was established through the support of the U.S. Government to assist the leadership of the Coral Triangle countries to take action to maintain the coral reefs, fisheries, and food security of the Coral Triangle. US CTI is a coordinated effort of the Coral Triangle Support Partnership (CTSP, a consortium of World Wildlife Fund (WWF), Conservation International (CI), and The Nature Conservancy); the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); the U.S. Department of State; and other partners. Spearheaded by the U.S. Agency for International Development Regional Development Mission Asia in collaboration with USAID/ Indonesia, USAID/ Philippines, and USAID/ Timor-Leste, the program assists the six countries of the Coral Triangle and the CTI Regional Secretariat to implement their Regional and National Plans of Action through technical assistance and capacity-building, and access to cutting-edge science. US CTI Support Program Document No. 11-USCTI-13 Suggested citation: U.S. Coral Triangle Initiative Support Program. (2013). Climate Change Adaptation for Coral Triangle Communities: Guide for Vulnerability Assessment and Local Early Action Planning (LEAP Guide). Prepared with support from the United States Agency for International Development. For more information Visit the US CTI Support Program online at www.uscti.org Visit the Coral Triangle Initiative online at www.coraltriangleinitiative.org Front cover photo: Children playing on a beach in the Solomon Islands © Bruno Manele Back cover photo: Beach erosion in Njari Island, Solomon Islands © Asuncion Sia Contents Foreword ......................................................................................................................................... 7 Acknowledgements........................................................................................................................ 8 Acronyms ......................................................................................................................................... 10 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 11 Need for Local Early Action to Address Climate Change ................................................... 13 Steps for Planned Climate Change Adaptation ....................................................................... 14 Step One: Getting Organized for CCA Planning ............................................................ 15 Step Two: Telling Your Climate Story............................................................................... 15 Step Three: Conducting a Vulnerability Assessment ..................................................... 16 Step Four: Developing Your Local Early Action Plan ..................................................... 16 Making Adjustments to the Process .......................................................................................... 17 Community Experience: Micronesia .......................................................................................... 17 Community Experience: Philippines........................................................................................... 18 Step One: Getting Organized For CCA Planning ................................................................... 20 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................... 21 Concepts and Terms..............................................................................................................21 Overview of Activities ........................................................................................................... 22 Community Experience: Solomon Islands ........................................................................ 22 Activity 1.1 Identify Team Members to Support Adaptation Planning ..................... 23 Activity 1.2 Collect Community Background Information .......................................... 24 Activity 1.3 Complete the “Getting Organized Checklist” ......................................... 25 Activity 1.4 Review the LEAP Outline .............................................................................. 26 Step Two: Telling Your Climate Story ...................................................................................... 28 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................... 29 Concepts and Terms..............................................................................................................29 Overview of Activities ........................................................................................................... 30 Community Experience: Solomon Islands ........................................................................ 35 Before You Begin: Understanding Climate Change ........................................................ 36 Question 1: What is the difference between “weather” and “climate”? .......... 36 Question 2: What is climate change, and why is it happening? ........................... 36 Question 3: What is climate variability? ................................................................... 36 3 Question 4: What changes and impacts will we likely see from climate change? ...................................................................................................... 37 Question 5: How will climate change affect a healthy community and unhealthy community differently? ....................................................... 39 Question 6: What can we do to reduce the impacts of climate change? ......... 39 Activity 2.1 Map the Community ....................................................................................... 43 Activity 2.2 Describe Past Climate Conditions .............................................................. 44 Activity 2.3 Describe Current Climate Conditions ...................................................... 45 Activity 2.4 Describe Future Climate Conditions ......................................................... 48 Activity 2.5 Identify Ecological and Social Target Resources ...................................... 51 Activity 2.6 Complete the Climate Story ........................................................................ 52 Step Three: Conducting a Vulnerability Assessment ............................................................. 56 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................... 57 Concepts and Terms..............................................................................................................57 Overview of Activities ........................................................................................................... 58 Community Experience: Papua New Guinea ................................................................... 64 Activity 3.1 Prepare for a Field Assessment.................................................................... 65 Activity 3.2 Describe Target Resource Conditions and Trends ................................ 66 Activity 3.3 Describe Exposure to Climate Threats ..................................................... 67 Activity 3.4 Describe Sensitivity to Climate Threats .................................................... 68 Activity 3.5 Assess Potential Impacts to Target Resources ........................................ 69 Activity 3.6 Describe the Adaptive Capacity of Target Resources and the Community ....................................................................................................... 69 Activity 3.7 Assess the Vulnerability of Target Resources .......................................... 71 Activity 3.8 Compare the Vulnerability of Target Resources ..................................... 73 Step Four: Developing Your Local Early Action Plan ............................................................ 76 Purpose ..................................................................................................................................... 77 Concepts and Terms..............................................................................................................77 Overview of Activities ........................................................................................................... 77 Community Experience: Timor-Leste ............................................................................... 78 Activity 4.1 Identify Adaptation Options ......................................................................... 81 Activity 4.2 Prioritize Adaptation Actions ....................................................................... 82 Activity 4.3 Develop a Monitoring and Evaluation Approach ..................................... 83 Activity 4.4 Finalize the LEAP ............................................................................................. 85 References.......................................................................................................................................
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