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AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ Emine

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AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ Emine AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ Emine BİLGİÇ KAVAK DOĞU ROMA İMPARATORU IUSTINIANUS VE SASANİ İMPARATORU HÜSREV ANUŞİRVAN’IN DOĞU AKDENİZ POLİTİKALARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI Eskiçağ Dilleri ve Kültürleri Ana Bilim Dalı Doktora Tezi Antalya, 2018 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ Emine BİLGİÇ KAVAK DOĞU ROMA İMPARATORU IUSTINIANUS VE SASANİ İMPARATORU HÜSREV ANUŞİRVAN’IN DOĞU AKDENİZ POLİTİKALARININ KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI Danışman Doç. Dr. Nihal TÜNER ÖNEN Eskiçağ Dilleri ve Kültürleri Ana Bilim Dalı Doktora Tezi Antalya, 2018 T.C. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlüğüne, Emine BİLGİÇ KAVAK’ın bu çalışması, jürimiz tarafından Eskiçağ Dilleri ve Kültürleri Ana Bilim Dalı Doktora Programı tezi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Başkan : Prof. Dr. Turhan KAÇAR (İmza) Üye (Danışmanı) : Doç. Dr. Nihal TÜNER ÖNEN (İmza) Üye : Prof. Dr. Murat ARSLAN (İmza) Üye : Prof. Dr. Mustafa ADAK (İmza) Üye : Dr. Öğr. Üyesi Emre ERTEN (İmza) Tez Başlığı: Doğu Roma İmparatoru Iustinianus ve Sasani İmparatoru Hüsrev Anuşirvan’ın Doğu Akdeniz Politikalarının Karşılaştırılması Onay: Yukarıdaki imzaların, adı geçen öğretim üyelerine ait olduğunu onaylarım. Tez Savunma Tarihi : 21/09/2018 Mezuniyet Tarihi : 15/11/2018 (İmza) Prof. Dr. İhsan BULUT Müdür AKADEMİK BEYAN Doktora Tezi olarak sunduğum “Doğu Roma İmparatoru Iustinianus ve Hüsrev Anuşirvan’ın Doğu Akdeniz Politikalarının Karşılaştırılması” adlı bu çalışmanın, akademik kural ve etik değerlere uygun bir biçimde tarafımca yazıldığını, yararlandığım bütün eserlerin kaynakçada gösterildiğini ve çalışma içerisinde bu eserlere atıf yapıldığını belirtir; bunu şerefimle doğrularım. (İmza) Emine BİLGİÇ KAVAK T.C. AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ TEZ ÇALIŞMASI ORİJİNALLİK RAPORU SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜBEYAN BELGESİ MÜDÜRLÜĞÜ’NE ÖĞRENCİ BİLGİLERİ Adı-Soyadı Emine BİLGİÇ KAVAK Öğrenci Numarası 20128603302 Enstitü Ana Bilim Dalı Eskiçağ Dilleri ve Kültürleri ABD Programı Doktora Programın Türü ( ) Tezli Yüksek Lisans (x) Doktora ( ) Tezsiz Yüksek Lisans Danışmanının Unvanı, Adı-Soyadı Doç. Dr. Nihal TÜNER ÖNEN Doğu Roma İmparatoru Iustinianus ve Sasani İmparatoru Hüsrev Tez Başlığı Anuşirvan’ın Doğu Akdeniz Politikalarının Karşılaştırılması TurnItIn Ödev Numarası 1017335349 Yukarıda başlığı belirtilen tez çalışmasının a) Kapak sayfası, b) Giriş, c) Ana Bölümler ve d) Sonuç kısımlarından oluşan toplam 173 sayfalık kısmına ilişkin olarak, 10/10/2018 tarihinde tarafımdan TurnItIn adlı intihal tespit programından Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tez Çalışması Orijinallik Raporu Alınması ve Kullanılması Uygulama Esasları’nda belirlenen filtrelemeler uygulanarak alınmış olan ve ekte sunulan rapora göre, tezin/dönem projesinin benzerlik oranı; alıntılar hariç % 6 alıntılar dahil % 7’dir. Danışman tarafından uygun olan seçenek işaretlenmelidir: (x) Benzerlik oranları belirlenen limitleri aşmıyor ise; Yukarıda yer alan beyanın ve ekte sunulan Tez Çalışması Orijinallik Raporu’nun doğruluğunu onaylarım. ( ) Benzerlik oranları belirlenen limitleri aşıyor, ancak tez/dönem projesi danışmanı intihal yapılmadığı kanısında ise; Yukarıda yer alan beyanın ve ekte sunulan Tez Çalışması Orijinallik Raporu’nun doğruluğunu onaylar ve Uygulama Esasları’nda öngörülen yüzdelik sınırlarının aşılmasına karşın, aşağıda belirtilen gerekçe ile intihal yapılmadığı kanısında olduğumu beyan ederim. Gerekçe: Benzerlik taraması yukarıda verilen ölçütlerin ışığı altında tarafımca yapılmıştır. İlgili tezin orijinallik raporunun uygun olduğunu beyan ederim. 10/10/2018 (imza) Doç. Dr. Nihal TÜNER ÖNEN i İ Ç İ N D E K İ L E R RESİMLER LİSTESİ ............................................................................................................. iv HARİTALAR LİSTESİ ........................................................................................................... v KISALTMALAR LİSTESİ .................................................................................................... vi ÖZET ....................................................................................................................................... vii SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................ viii TEŞEKKÜR ............................................................................................................................. ix ÖNSÖZ ..................................................................................................................................... xi G İ R İ Ş ..................................................................................................................................... 1 BİRİNCİ BÖLÜM DOĞU ROMA İMPARATORU IUSTINIANUS (MS. CA. 527-565) 1.1. Iustinianus’un Hayatı ..................................................................................................... 26 1.2. Iustinianus’un Reformları .............................................................................................. 38 1.3. Iustinianus’un Yapı İşleri ............................................................................................... 43 İKİNCİ BÖLÜM SASANİ İMPARATORU HÜSREV ANUŞİRVAN (MS. CA. 531-579) 2.1. Hüsrev Anuşirvan’ın Hayatı .......................................................................................... 51 2.2. Hüsrev Anuşirvan’ın Reformları ................................................................................... 65 2.2.1. Toprak ve Vergi Reformu ....................................................................................... 66 2.2.2. Askeri ve İdari Alanlardaki Reformu ...................................................................... 70 2.2.3. Sosyal ve Dini Reformu .......................................................................................... 75 2.3. Nuşzad’ın (Anuşzad) İsyanı ........................................................................................... 76 2.4. Hüsrev Anuşirvan’ın Yapı İşleri .................................................................................... 79 ÜÇÜNCÜ BÖLÜM HÜSREV ANUŞİRVAN VE IUSTINIANUS 3.1. Hüsrev Anuşirvan ve Iustinianus Arasındaki Mücadeleler ........................................... 83 3.1.1. Ebedi Barış Anlaşması (ca. 532) ............................................................................. 83 3.1.2. Hüsrev Anuşirvan’ın 540 Yılı Suriye Seferi: Antiokheia’nın (Antakya) Düşüşü .. 94 ii 3.1.3. Lazica’da Çarpışmalar ve Diplomatik Temaslar (541-562) .................................. 101 3.1.4. Dara Anlaşması (ca. 562) ...................................................................................... 105 3.2. Hüsrev Anuşirvan ve Iustinianus’un Karşılaştırılması ................................................ 109 3.2.1. Soy, Aile, Eğitim ve Askeri Kariyer Bakımından ................................................. 109 3.2.2. Benzerlikler ve Farklılıklar ................................................................................... 113 3.2.3. Doğu Akdeniz Politikalarının Karşılaştırılması .................................................... 115 DÖRDÜNCÜ BÖLÜM TESTIMONIA T.1. Didyma’dan Iustinianus’un Yasama Organının İşleyişine Dair Kararname: ‘Tanrısal Bir Pragmatik Yaptırım’ ..................................................................................................... 118 T.2. Ca. 530 Yılı Dara Savaşı İle İlgili Seçili Kaynaklar ................................................... 122 T.3. Sonsuz (Ebedi) Barış ................................................................................................... 126 T.4. Ebedi Barış İle İlgili Hieropolis’te Bulunan Yazıtlar .................................................. 127 T.5. Hüsrev’in 540 yılı Seferi ............................................................................................. 128 T.6. Lazica’nın İşgali .......................................................................................................... 134 T.7. 557 Yılı Ateşkes Anlaşması ........................................................................................ 136 T.8. 561-2 Yılı Savaşı’nın Sonuçları ve Dara Anlaşması ................................................... 137 T.9. Nuşzad’ın (Anuşzad) İsyanı ........................................................................................ 150 T.10. Agathias’ın Hüsrev’e Yönelik Felsefi Eleştirisi ........................................................ 152 T.11. Hüsrev Anuşirvan’ın Filozoflarla Sohbeti ................................................................ 162 T.12. Bilge Bir Kişinin Hüsrev Anuşirvan’a Soruları ve Hüsrev Anuşirvan’ın Cevapları 163 T.13. Hintlilerin Satranç Oyununa Karşılık Hüsrev’in veziri Bozorgmihr’in Nerd (Tavla) Oyununu Kurması ............................................................................................................... 165 T.14. Dineveri’nin Anlatımlarında Hüsrev Anuşirvan ....................................................... 166 SONUÇ .................................................................................................................................. 170 KAYNAKÇA KISALTMALARI ...................................................................................... 175 METİNDE KULLANILAN ANTİK KAYNAKLARA İLİŞKİN KISALTMALAR . 177 KAYNAKÇA ........................................................................................................................ 182 EK 1-Zamandizimi .............................................................................................................. 212 EK 2- Doğu Roma
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