DOCSLIB.ORG

Download Full Article in PDF Format

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Download Full Article in PDF Format comptes rendus palevol 2021 20 7 iles — Jean- pt Cl re au d d e n a R s a n g a e i — b i h P p a l a m e a o f b o i o y l h o p g a y r g a o n e d g p o i a l b a o e DIRECTEURS DE LA PUBLICATION / PUBLICATION DIRECTORS : Bruno David, Président du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle Étienne Ghys, Secrétaire perpétuel de l’Académie des sciences RÉDACTEURS EN CHEF / EDITORS-IN-CHIEF : Michel Laurin (CNRS), Philippe Taquet (Académie des sciences) ASSISTANTE DE RÉDACTION / ASSISTANT EDITOR : Adeline Lopes (Académie des sciences ; [email protected]) MISE EN PAGE / PAGE LAYOUT : Fariza Sissi (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle; [email protected]) ÉDITEURS ASSOCIÉS / ASSOCIATE EDITORS (*, took charge of the editorial process of the article/a pris en charge le suivi éditorial de l’article): Amniotes du Mésozoïque/Mesozoic amniotes Hans-Dieter Sues* (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington) Lépidosauromorphes/Lepidosauromorphs Hussam Zaher (Universidade de São Paulo) Métazoaires/Metazoa Annalisa Ferretti (Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena) Micropaléontologie/Micropalaeontology Maria Rose Petrizzo (Université de Milan) Palaeoanthropology R. Macchiarelli (Université de Poitiers, Poitiers) Paléobotanique/Palaeobotany Evelyn Kustatscher (The Museum of Nature South Tyrol, Bozen/Bolzano) Paléoichthyologie/Palaeoichthyology Philippe Janvier (Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Académie des sciences, Paris) Palaeomammalogy (small mammals) L. van den Hoek Ostende (Naturalis Biodiversity Center, CR Leiden) Palaeomammalogy (large and mid-sized mammals) L. Rook (Università degli Studi di Firenze, Firenze) Prehistorical archaeology M. Otte (Université de Liège, Liège) Tortues/Turtles Juliana Sterli (CONICET, Museo Paleontológico Egidio Feruglio, Trelew, Argentine) COUVERTURE / COVER : Tooth specimens of the anacoracid shark Squalicorax pristodontus (Agassiz, 1843) Comptes Rendus Palevol est indexé dans / Comptes Rendus Palevol is indexed by: - Cambridge Scientific Abstracts - Current Contents® Physical - Chemical, and Earth Sciences® - ISI Alerting Services® - Geoabstracts, Geobase, Georef, Inspec, Pascal - Science Citation Index®, Science Citation Index Expanded® - Scopus®. Les articles ainsi que les nouveautés nomenclaturales publiés dans Comptes Rendus Palevol sont référencés par / Articles and nomenclatural novelties published in Comptes Rendus Palevol are registered on: - ZooBank® (http://zoobank.org) Comptes Rendus Palevol est une revue en flux continu publiée par les Publications scientifiques du Muséum, Paris et l’Académie des sciences, Paris Comptes Rendus Palevol is a fast track journal published by the Museum Science Press, Paris and the Académie des sciences, Paris Les Publications scientifiques du Muséum publient aussi / The Museum Science Press also publish: Adansonia, Geodiversitas, Zoosystema, Anthropozoologica, European Journal of Taxonomy, Naturae, Cryptogamie sous-sections Algologie, Bryologie, Mycologie. L’Académie des sciences publie aussi / The Académie des sciences also publishes: Comptes Rendus Mathématique, Comptes Rendus Physique, Comptes Rendus Mécanique, Comptes Rendus Chimie, Comptes Rendus Géoscience, Comptes Rendus Biologies. Diffusion - Publications scientifiques Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle CP 41 - 57 rue Cuvier F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) Tél. : 33 (0)1 40 79 48 05 / Fax : 33 (0)1 40 79 38 40 [email protected] / https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr Académie des sciences, Institut de France, 23 quai de Conti, 75006 Paris. © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle / © Académie des sciences, Paris, 2021 ISSN (imprimé / print) : 1631-0683/ ISSN (électronique / electronic) : 1777-571X Stratigraphy, age, and vertebrate palaeontology of the latest Cretaceous Quintanilla la Ojada locality (Basque-Cantabrian Region, northern Spain): a synthesis José-Carmelo CORRAL Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Álava/Arabako Natur Zientzien Museoa, Dpto. Geología, Siervas de Jesús 24, 01001 Vitoria-Gasteiz (Spain) [email protected] (corresponding author) Ana BERRETEAGA Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Dpto. Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Apdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao (Spain) [email protected] Francisco José POYATO-ARIZA Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Dpto. de Biología, Unidad de Paleontología, 28049 Madrid (Spain) [email protected] Nathalie BARDET CR2P, Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris, UMR 7207, CNRS-MNHN-SU, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CP 38, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris (France) [email protected] Henri CAPPETTA Institut des Sciences de l’Evolution de Montpellier (ISEM, UMR 5554, NRS/UM/IRD/EPHE), Université de Montpellier, Place E. Bataillon 34095, Montpellier Cedex 5, (France) [email protected] Marc FLOQUET Centre Européen de Recherche et d’Enseignement de Géosciences de l’Environnement, CEREGE - UM 34 Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Collège de France, INRA, OSU Institut Pythéas, Technopole de l’Arbois, BP 80, 13545 Aix-en-Provence (France) [email protected] Humberto ASTIBIA Ainara BADIOLA Xabier PEREDA-SUBERBIOLA Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Dpto. de Geología, Apdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao (Spain) [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Submitted on 15 October 2019 | Accepted on 21 February 2020 | Published on 22 February 2021 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:CEBC9E4D-3ED4-4330-BE40-67B037B63A37 COMPTES RENDUS PALEVOL • 2021 • 20 (7) © Publications scientifiques du Muséum et/and Académie des sciences, Paris. www.cr-palevol.fr 91 Corral J.-C et al. Corral J.-C., Berreteaga A., Poyato-Ariza F. J., Bardet N., Cappetta H., Floquet M., Astibia H., Badiola A. & Pereda- Suberbiola X. 2021. — Stratigraphy, age, and vertebrate palaeontology of the latest Cretaceous Quintanilla la Ojada locality (Basque-Cantabrian Region, northern Spain): a synthesis, in Folie A., Buffetaut E., Bardet N., Houssaye A., Gheerbrant E. & Laurin M. (eds), Palaeobiology and palaeobiogeography of amphibians and reptiles: An homage to Jean-Claude Rage. Comptes Rendus Palevol 20 (7): 91-117. https://doi.org/10.5852/cr-palevol2021v20a7 ABSTRACT The Quintanilla la Ojada section (Basque-Cantabrian Region, northern Spain) has yielded two assemblages of Late Cretaceous vertebrates, deposited during the Maastrichtian in coastal environ- ments and related to a transgressive lag at the base of the Valdenoceda Formation. Numerous teeth of Elasmobranchii and Actinopterygii are the most prevailing fossil material, although scarce teeth of marine reptiles (Mosasauridae) and dinosaurs (Hadrosauridae) also occur. The presence of one KEY WORDS Noselachians, hadrosaurian tooth, a terrestrial taxon, constitutes the first report of ornithischians in the Valdenoceda actinopterygians, Formation. The fossil vertebrate association of Quintanilla la Ojada is similar to that discovered in mosasaurids, Albaina (Treviño County, Burgos), also located in the Basque-Cantabrian Region, although relatively hadrosaurians, Maastrichtian, younger in age. Both fossil sites are characterised by a mixture of taxa from the northern and southern Iberian Peninsula. margins of the Mediterranean Tethys (north-European and north-African outcrops). RÉSUMÉ Stratigraphie, âge et paléontologie des vertébrés du gisement finicrétacé de Quintanilla la Ojada (Région Basco-cantabrique, Nord de l’Espagne) : une synthèse. La coupe de Quintanilla la Ojada (Région Basco-Cantabrique, Nord de l’Espagne) a livré deux assem- blages de vertébrés d’âge Crétacé supérieur, déposés durant le Maastrichtien dans des environnements côtiers et liés à un lag transgressif situé à la base de la Formation Valdenoceda. De nombreuses dents d’Elasmobranchii et d’Actinopterygii sont les plus fréquentes, bien que de rares dents de reptiles marins (Mosasauridae) et de dinosaures (Hadrosauridae) aient aussi été trouvées. La présence d’une dent d’hadrosaure, taxon terrestre, constitue la première mention d’ornithischiens dans la Formation MOTS CLÉS Néosélaciens, Valdenoceda. L’association de vertébrés fossiles de Quintanilla la Ojada est similaire à celle découverte actinoptérygiens, à Albaina (Comté de Treviño, Burgos), situé également dans la région Basco-Cantabrique, bien que mosasauridés, d’âge légèrement plus jeune. Les deux sites fossilifères sont caractérisés par un mélange de taxons des hadrosauridés, Maastrichtien, marges nord et sud de la Téthys méditerranéenne (affleurements du Nord de l’Europe et du Nord Péninsule ibérique. de l’Afrique). INTRODUCTION ried intermittently for silica sand, an exploratory trench and a road cut, all located near the village. More specifically, the Until relatively recently, our palaeontological knowledge of the pits lie in a narrow valley, southeast of the village, flanked by Valdenoceda Formation was generally sparse, both in terms of the Vienda Mountain Range to the east and the hilly area micro- and macroinvertebrate studies. Microvertebrate fossils of the periclinal closure of the La Hoz-Lalastra anticline to were described for the first time by Berreteaga (2008) from the west. Nearby towns to the site are Villarcayo, Medina de this Maastrichtian formation near the small village of Quin- Pomar and Trespaderne (see Fig. 1). tanilla la Ojada (Burgos, northern Spain). A few years later, The aim of this paper is twofold. First, it is to introduce the this area was studied by Berreteaga et al. (2011) and Corral vertebrate
Load more

Recommended publications
  • BONY FISHES 602 Bony Fishes
    click for previous page BONY FISHES 602 Bony Fishes GENERAL REMARKS by K.E. Carpenter, Old Dominion University, Virginia, USA ony fishes constitute the bulk, by far, of both the diversity and total landings of marine organisms encoun- Btered in fisheries of the Western Central Atlantic.They are found in all macrofaunal marine and estuarine habitats and exhibit a lavish array of adaptations to these environments. This extreme diversity of form and taxa presents an exceptional challenge for identification. There are 30 orders and 269 families of bony fishes presented in this guide, representing all families known from the area. Each order and family presents a unique suite of taxonomic problems and relevant characters. The purpose of this preliminary section on technical terms and guide to orders and families is to serve as an introduction and initial identification guide to this taxonomic diversity. It should also serve as a general reference for those features most commonly used in identification of bony fishes throughout the remaining volumes. However, I cannot begin to introduce the many facets of fish biology relevant to understanding the diversity of fishes in a few pages. For this, the reader is directed to one of the several general texts on fish biology such as the ones by Bond (1996), Moyle and Cech (1996), and Helfman et al.(1997) listed below. A general introduction to the fisheries of bony fishes in this region is given in the introduction to these volumes. Taxonomic details relevant to a specific family are explained under each of the appropriate family sections. The classification of bony fishes continues to transform as our knowledge of their evolutionary relationships improves.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny Classification Additional Readings Clupeomorpha and Ostariophysi
    Teleostei - AccessScience from McGraw-Hill Education http://www.accessscience.com/content/teleostei/680400 (http://www.accessscience.com/) Article by: Boschung, Herbert Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Gardiner, Brian Linnean Society of London, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, United Kingdom. Publication year: 2014 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.680400 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1036/1097-8542.680400) Content Morphology Euteleostei Bibliography Phylogeny Classification Additional Readings Clupeomorpha and Ostariophysi The most recent group of actinopterygians (rayfin fishes), first appearing in the Upper Triassic (Fig. 1). About 26,840 species are contained within the Teleostei, accounting for more than half of all living vertebrates and over 96% of all living fishes. Teleosts comprise 517 families, of which 69 are extinct, leaving 448 extant families; of these, about 43% have no fossil record. See also: Actinopterygii (/content/actinopterygii/009100); Osteichthyes (/content/osteichthyes/478500) Fig. 1 Cladogram showing the relationships of the extant teleosts with the other extant actinopterygians. (J. S. Nelson, Fishes of the World, 4th ed., Wiley, New York, 2006) 1 of 9 10/7/2015 1:07 PM Teleostei - AccessScience from McGraw-Hill Education http://www.accessscience.com/content/teleostei/680400 Morphology Much of the evidence for teleost monophyly (evolving from a common ancestral form) and relationships comes from the caudal skeleton and concomitant acquisition of a homocercal tail (upper and lower lobes of the caudal fin are symmetrical). This type of tail primitively results from an ontogenetic fusion of centra (bodies of vertebrae) and the possession of paired bracing bones located bilaterally along the dorsal region of the caudal skeleton, derived ontogenetically from the neural arches (uroneurals) of the ural (tail) centra.
    [Show full text]
  • (Early Palaeocene), Withers, 1914
    Meded. Werkgr. Tert. Kwart. Geol. 25(2-3) 175-196 2 figs, 1 pi. Leiden, oktober 1988 The biostratigraphy of the Geulhem Member (Early Palaeocene), with reference to the occurrence of Pycnolepas bruennichi Withers, 1914 (Crustacea, Cirripedia) by J.W.M. Jagt Venlo, The Netherlands and J.S.H. Collins London, United Kingdom Jagt, &J.S.H. Collins. The biostratigraphy of the Geulhem reference of Member (Early Palaeocene), with to the occurrence Pyc- nolepas bruennichi Withers, 1914 (Crustacea, Cirripedia).—Meded. Werkgr. Tert. Kwart. Geol., 25(2-3): 175-196, 2 figs, 1 pi. Leiden, October 1988. Valves of the brachylepadomorph cirripede Pycnolepas bruennichi Withers, 1914 are reported from the Early Palaeocene of the environs of Maastricht (The Netherlands and NE Belgium). The occurrenceof this distinctive species provides additional proof of a correlationof the with the in Maastricht Danish Danian Early Palaeocene the area. A discussion of the biostratigraphy of the Geulhem Member (Houthem Formation) from which the cirripede remains were collected is presented. It is concluded that P. bruennichi is restricted to strata of Palaeocene in Denmark well in the Early (Danian) age as as Maastrichtian type area (SE Netherlands, NE Belgium). John W.M. Jagt, 2de Maasveldstraat 47, 5921 JN Venlo, The Netherlands; J. S.H. Collins, 63 Oakhurst Grove, East Dulwich, Lon- don SE22 9AH, United Kingdom. Contents 176 Samenvatting, p. Introduction, p. 176 177 Systematic description, p. and distribution of P. 178 Stratigraphic geographic bruennichi, p. of the Geulhem 182 Stratigraphy Member, p. Conclusion, p. 190 191 Acknowledgements, p. References, p. 191. 176 Samenvatting De de Geulhem Kalksteen voorkomen biostratigrafie van (Vroeg Paleoceen) naar aanleiding van het 1914 van Pycnolepas bruennichi Withers, (Crustacea, Cirripedia).
    [Show full text]
  • Acanthopterygii, Bone, Eurypterygii, Osteology, Percomprpha
    Research in Zoology 2014, 4(2): 29-42 DOI: 10.5923/j.zoology.20140402.01 Comparative Osteology of the Jaws in Representatives of the Eurypterygian Fishes Yazdan Keivany Department of Natural Resources (Fisheries Division), Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran Abstract The osteology of the jaws in representatives of 49 genera in 40 families of eurypterygian fishes, including: Aulopiformes, Myctophiformes, Lampridiformes, Polymixiiformes, Percopsiformes, Mugiliformes, Atheriniformes, Beloniformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Stephanoberyciformes, Beryciformes, Zeiformes, Gasterosteiformes, Synbranchiformes, Scorpaeniformes (including Dactylopteridae), and Perciformes (including Elassomatidae) were studied. Generally, in this group, the upper jaw consists of the premaxilla, maxilla, and supramaxilla. The lower jaw consists of the dentary, anguloarticular, retroarticular, and sesamoid articular. In higher taxa, the premaxilla bears ascending, articular, and postmaxillary processes. The maxilla usually bears a ventral and a dorsal articular process. The supramaxilla is present only in some taxa. The dentary is usually toothed and bears coronoid and posteroventral processes. The retroarticular is small and located at the posteroventral corner of the anguloarticular. Keywords Acanthopterygii, Bone, Eurypterygii, Osteology, Percomprpha following method for clearing and staining bone and 1. Introduction cartilage provided in reference [18]. A camera lucida attached to a Wild M5 dissecting stereomicroscope was used Despite the introduction of modern techniques such as to prepare the drawings. The bones in the first figure of each DNA sequencing and barcoding, osteology, due to its anatomical section are arbitrarily shaded and labeled and in reliability, still plays an important role in the systematic the others are shaded in a consistent manner (dark, medium, study of fishes and comprises a major percent of today’s and clear) to facilitate comparison among the taxa.
    [Show full text]
  • OFR21 a Guide to Fossil Sharks, Skates, and Rays from The
    STATE OF DELAWARE UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE DELAWARE GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OPEN FILE REPORT No. 21 A GUIDE TO FOSSIL SHARKS J SKATES J AND RAYS FROM THE CHESAPEAKE ANU DELAWARE CANAL AREA) DELAWARE BY EDWARD M. LAUGINIGER AND EUGENE F. HARTSTEIN NEWARK) DELAWARE MAY 1983 Reprinted 6-95 FOREWORD The authors of this paper are serious avocational students of paleontology. We are pleased to present their work on vertebrate fossils found in Delaware, a subject that has not before been adequately investigated. Edward M. Lauginiger of Wilmington, Delaware teaches biology at Academy Park High School in Sharon Hill, Pennsyl­ vania. He is especially interested in fossils from the Cretaceous. Eugene F. Hartstein, also of Wilmington, is a chemical engineer with a particular interest in echinoderm and vertebrate fossils. Their combined efforts on this study total 13 years. They have pursued the subject in New Jersey, Maryland, and Texas as well as in Delaware. Both authors are members of the Mid-America Paleontology Society, the Delaware Valley Paleontology Society, and the Delaware Mineralogical Society. We believe that Messrs. Lauginiger and Hartstein have made a significant technical contribution that will be of interest to both professional and amateur paleontologists. Robert R. Jordan State Geologist A GUIDE TO FOSSIL SHARKS, SKATES, AND RAYS FROM THE CHESAPEAKE AND DELAWARE CANAL AREA, DELAWARE Edward M. Lauginiger and Eugene F. Hartstein INTRODUCTION In recent years there has been a renewed interest by both amateur and professional paleontologists in the rich upper Cretaceous exposures along the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, Delaware (Fig. 1). Large quantities of fossil material, mostly clams, oysters, and snails have been collected as a result of this activity.
    [Show full text]
  • Geo-Eco-Trop., 2020, 44, 1: 161-174 Osteology and Phylogenetic Relationships of Gregoriopycnodus Bassanii Gen. Nov., a Pycnodon
    Geo-Eco-Trop., 2020, 44, 1: 161-174 Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Gregoriopycnodus bassanii gen. nov., a pycnodont fish (Pycnodontidae) from the marine Albian (Lower Cretaceous) of Pietraroja (southern Italy) Ostéologie et relations phylogénétiques de Gregoriopycnodus bassanii gen. nov., un poisson pycnodonte (Pycnodontidae) de l’Albien marin (Crétacé inférieur) de Pietraroja (Italie du Sud) Louis TAVERNE 1, Luigi CAPASSO 2 & Maria DEL RE 3 Résumé: L’ostéologie et les relations phylogénétiques de Gregoriopycnodus bassanii gen. nov., un poisson pycnodonte de l’Albien marin (Crétacé inférieur) de l’Italie du Sud, sont étudiées en détails. Ce genre fossile appartient à la famille des Pycnodontidae, comme le montre la présence d’un peniculus branchu sur le pariétal. Gregoriopycnodus diffère des autres genres de la famille par son préfrontal court, en forme de plaque et qui est partiellement soudé au mésethmoïde. Au sein de la famille, la position systématique de Gregoriopycnodus est intermédiaire entre celle de Tepexichthys et Costapycnodus, d’une part, et celle de Proscinetes, d’autre part. Mots-clés: Pycnodontiformes, Pycnodontidae, Gregoriopycnodus bassanii gen. nov., ostéologie, phylogénie, Albien marin, Italie du Sud Abstract: The osteology and the phylogenetic relationships of Gregoriopycnodus bassanii gen. nov., a pycnodont fish from the marine Albian (Lower Cretaceous) of Pietraroja (southern Italy), are studied in details. This fossil genus belongs to the family Pycnodontidae, as shown by the presence of a branched peniculus on the parietal. Gregoriopycnodus differs from the other genera of the family by its short and plate-like prefrontral that is partly fused to the mesethmoid. Within the family, the systematic position of Gregoriopycnodus is intermediate between that of Tepexichthys and Costapycnodus, on the one hand, and that of Proscinetes, on the other hand.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Taxonomic Review and Phylogenetic Analysis Of
    Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ISSN: 0001-3765 [email protected] Academia Brasileira de Ciências Brasil SILVA, HILDA M.A.; GALLO, VALÉRIA Taxonomic review and phylogenetic analysis of Enchodontoidei (Teleostei: Aulopiformes) Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, vol. 83, núm. 2, enero-junio, 2011, pp. 483-511 Academia Brasileira de Ciências Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=32719267009 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative “main” — 2011/5/11 — 19:20 — page 483 — #1 Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2011) 83(2): 483-511 (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) Printed version ISSN 0001-3765 / Online version ISSN 1678-2690 www.scielo.br/aabc Taxonomic review and phylogenetic analysis of Enchodontoidei (Teleostei: Aulopiformes) HILDA M.A. SILVA and VALÉRIA GALLO Laboratório de Sistemática e Biogeografia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil Manuscript received on September 24, 2010; accepted for publication on December 22, 2010 ABSTRACT Enchodontoidei are extinct marine teleost fishes with a long temporal range and a wide geographic distribution. As there has been no comprehensive phylogenetic study of this taxon, we performed a parsimony analysis using a data matrix with 87 characters, 31 terminal taxa for ingroup, and three taxa for outgroup. The analysis produced 93 equally parsimonious trees (L = 437 steps; CI = 0.24; RI = 0.49).
    [Show full text]
  • A Rhinopristiform Sawfish (Genus Pristis) from the Middle Eocene (Lutetian) of Southern Peru and Its Regional Implications
    Carnets Geol. 20 (5) E-ISSN 1634-0744 DOI 10.4267/2042/70759 A rhinopristiform sawfish (genus Pristis) from the middle Eocene (Lutetian) of southern Peru and its regional implications Alberto COLLARETA 1, 2 Luz TEJADA-MEDINA 3, 4 César CHACALTANA-BUDIEL 3, 5 Walter LANDINI 1, 6 Alí ALTAMIRANO-SIERRA 7, 8 Mario URBINA-SCHMITT 7, 9 Giovanni BIANUCCI 1, 10 Abstract: Modern sawfishes (Rhinopristiformes: Pristidae) are circumglobally distributed in warm wa- ters and are common in proximal marine and even freshwater habitats. The fossil record of modern pristid genera (i.e., Pristis and Anoxypristis) dates back to the early Eocene and is mostly represented by isolated rostral spines and oral teeth, with phosphatised rostra representing exceptional occurren- ces. Here, we report on a partial pristid rostrum, exhibiting several articulated rostral spines, from middle Eocene strata of the Paracas Formation (Yumaque Member) exposed in the southern Peruvian East Pisco Basin. This finely preserved specimen shows anatomical structures that are unlikely to leave a fossil record, e.g., the paracentral grooves that extend along the ventral surface of the rostrum. Ba- sed on the morphology of the rostral spines, this fossil sawfish is here identified as belonging to Pristis. To our knowledge, this discovery represents the geologically oldest known occurrence of Pristidae from the Pacific Coast of South America. Although the fossil record of pristids from the East Pisco Basin spans from the middle Eocene to the late Miocene, sawfishes are no longer present in the modern cool, upwelling-influenced coastal waters of southern Peru. Given the ecological preferences of the extant members of Pristis, the occurrence of this genus in the Paracas deposits suggests that middle Eocene nearshore waters in southern Peru were warmer than today.
    [Show full text]
  • Constraints on the Timescale of Animal Evolutionary History
    Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Constraints on the timescale of animal evolutionary history Michael J. Benton, Philip C.J. Donoghue, Robert J. Asher, Matt Friedman, Thomas J. Near, and Jakob Vinther ABSTRACT Dating the tree of life is a core endeavor in evolutionary biology. Rates of evolution are fundamental to nearly every evolutionary model and process. Rates need dates. There is much debate on the most appropriate and reasonable ways in which to date the tree of life, and recent work has highlighted some confusions and complexities that can be avoided. Whether phylogenetic trees are dated after they have been estab- lished, or as part of the process of tree finding, practitioners need to know which cali- brations to use. We emphasize the importance of identifying crown (not stem) fossils, levels of confidence in their attribution to the crown, current chronostratigraphic preci- sion, the primacy of the host geological formation and asymmetric confidence intervals. Here we present calibrations for 88 key nodes across the phylogeny of animals, rang- ing from the root of Metazoa to the last common ancestor of Homo sapiens. Close attention to detail is constantly required: for example, the classic bird-mammal date (base of crown Amniota) has often been given as 310-315 Ma; the 2014 international time scale indicates a minimum age of 318 Ma. Michael J. Benton. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Philip C.J. Donoghue. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K. [email protected] Robert J.
    [Show full text]
  • First Description of a Tooth of the Extinct Giant Shark Carcharocles
    First description of a tooth of the extinct giant shark Carcharocles megalodon (Agassiz, 1835) found in the province of Seville (SW Iberian Peninsula) (Otodontidae) Primera descripción de un diente del extinto tiburón gigante Carcharocles megalodon (Agassiz, 1835) encontrado en la provincia de Sevilla (SO de la Península Ibérica) (Otodontidae) José Luis Medina-Gavilán 1, Antonio Toscano 2, Fernando Muñiz 3, Francisco Javier Delgado 4 1. Sociedad de Estudios Ambientales (SOCEAMB) − Perú 4, 41100 Coria del Río, Sevilla (Spain) − [email protected] 2. Departamento de Geodinámica y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Huelva − Campus El Carmen, 21071 Huelva (Spain) − [email protected] 3. Departamento de Geodinámica y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Huelva − Campus El Carmen, 21071 Huelva (Spain) − [email protected] 4. Usuario de BiodiversidadVirtual.org − Álvarez Quintero 13, 41220 Burguillos, Sevilla (Spain) − [email protected] ABSTRACT: Fossil remains of the extinct giant shark Carcharocles megalodon (Agassiz, 1835) are rare in interior Andalusia (Southern Spain). For the first time, a fossil tooth belonging to this paleospecies is described from material found in the province of Seville (Burguillos). KEY WORDS: Carcharocles megalodon (Agassiz, 1835), megalodon, Otodontidae, fossil, paleontology, Burguillos, Seville, Tortonian. RESUMEN: Los restos del extinto tiburón gigante Carcharocles megalodon (Agassiz, 1835) son raros en el interior de Andalucía (sur de España). Por primera vez, se describe un diente fósil de esta paleoespecie a partir de material hallado en Sevilla (Burguillos). PALABRAS CLAVE: Carcharocles megalodon (Agassiz, 1835), megalodón, Otodontidae, fósil, paleontología, Burguillos, Sevilla, Tortoniense. Introduction Carcharocles megalodon (Agassiz, 1835), the megalodon, is widely recognised as the largest shark that ever lived.
    [Show full text]
  • Highly Diversified Late Cretaceous Fish Assemblage Revealed by Otoliths (Ripley Formation and Owl Creek Formation, Northeast Mississippi, Usa)
    Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia (Research in Paleontology and Stratigraphy) vol. 126(1): 111-155. March 2020 HIGHLY DIVERSIFIED LATE CRETACEOUS FISH ASSEMBLAGE REVEALED BY OTOLITHS (RIPLEY FORMATION AND OWL CREEK FORMATION, NORTHEAST MISSISSIPPI, USA) GARY L. STRINGER1, WERNER SCHWARZHANS*2 , GEORGE PHILLIPS3 & ROGER LAMBERT4 1Museum of Natural History, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71209, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2Natural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] 3Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, 2148 Riverside Drive, Jackson, Mississippi 39202, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 4North Mississippi Gem and Mineral Society, 1817 CR 700, Corinth, Mississippi, 38834, USA. E-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author To cite this article: Stringer G.L., Schwarzhans W., Phillips G. & Lambert R. (2020) - Highly diversified Late Cretaceous fish assemblage revealed by otoliths (Ripley Formation and Owl Creek Formation, Northeast Mississippi, USA). Riv. It. Paleontol. Strat., 126(1): 111-155. Keywords: Beryciformes; Holocentriformes; Aulopiformes; otolith; evolutionary implications; paleoecology. Abstract. Bulk sampling and extensive, systematic surface collecting of the Coon Creek Member of the Ripley Formation (early Maastrichtian) at the Blue Springs locality and primarily bulk sampling of the Owl Creek Formation (late Maastrichtian) at the Owl Creek type locality, both in northeast Mississippi, USA, have produced the largest and most highly diversified actinopterygian otolith (ear stone) assemblage described from the Mesozoic of North America. The 3,802 otoliths represent 30 taxa of bony fishes representing at least 22 families. In addition, there were two different morphological types of lapilli, which were not identifiable to species level.
    [Show full text]
  • Percomorph Phylogeny: a Survey of Acanthomorphs and a New Proposal
    BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 52(1): 554-626, 1993 PERCOMORPH PHYLOGENY: A SURVEY OF ACANTHOMORPHS AND A NEW PROPOSAL G. David Johnson and Colin Patterson ABSTRACT The interrelationships of acanthomorph fishes are reviewed. We recognize seven mono- phyletic terminal taxa among acanthomorphs: Lampridiformes, Polymixiiformes, Paracan- thopterygii, Stephanoberyciformes, Beryciformes, Zeiformes, and a new taxon named Smeg- mamorpha. The Percomorpha, as currently constituted, are polyphyletic, and the Perciformes are probably paraphyletic. The smegmamorphs comprise five subgroups: Synbranchiformes (Synbranchoidei and Mastacembeloidei), Mugilomorpha (Mugiloidei), Elassomatidae (Elas- soma), Gasterosteiformes, and Atherinomorpha. Monophyly of Lampridiformes is justified elsewhere; we have found no new characters to substantiate the monophyly of Polymixi- iformes (which is not in doubt) or Paracanthopterygii. Stephanoberyciformes uniquely share a modification of the extrascapular, and Beryciformes a modification of the anterior part of the supraorbital and infraorbital sensory canals, here named Jakubowski's organ. Our Zei- formes excludes the Caproidae, and characters are proposed to justify the monophyly of the group in that restricted sense. The Smegmamorpha are thought to be monophyletic principally because of the configuration of the first vertebra and its intermuscular bone. Within the Smegmamorpha, the Atherinomorpha and Mugilomorpha are shown to be monophyletic elsewhere. Our Gasterosteiformes includes the syngnathoids and the Pegasiformes
    [Show full text]