DOCSLIB.ORG

Redalyc.Taxonomic Review and Phylogenetic Analysis Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Redalyc.Taxonomic Review and Phylogenetic Analysis Of Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ISSN: 0001-3765 [email protected] Academia Brasileira de Ciências Brasil SILVA, HILDA M.A.; GALLO, VALÉRIA Taxonomic review and phylogenetic analysis of Enchodontoidei (Teleostei: Aulopiformes) Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, vol. 83, núm. 2, enero-junio, 2011, pp. 483-511 Academia Brasileira de Ciências Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=32719267009 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative “main” — 2011/5/11 — 19:20 — page 483 — #1 Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2011) 83(2): 483-511 (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) Printed version ISSN 0001-3765 / Online version ISSN 1678-2690 www.scielo.br/aabc Taxonomic review and phylogenetic analysis of Enchodontoidei (Teleostei: Aulopiformes) HILDA M.A. SILVA and VALÉRIA GALLO Laboratório de Sistemática e Biogeografia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil Manuscript received on September 24, 2010; accepted for publication on December 22, 2010 ABSTRACT Enchodontoidei are extinct marine teleost fishes with a long temporal range and a wide geographic distribution. As there has been no comprehensive phylogenetic study of this taxon, we performed a parsimony analysis using a data matrix with 87 characters, 31 terminal taxa for ingroup, and three taxa for outgroup. The analysis produced 93 equally parsimonious trees (L = 437 steps; CI = 0.24; RI = 0.49). The topology of the majority rule consensus tree was: (Sardinioides + Hemisaurida + (Nardorex + (Atolvorator + (Protostomias + Yabrudichthys) + (Apateopholis + (Serrilepis + (Halec + Phylactocephalus) + (Cimolichthys + (Prionolepis + ((Eurypholis + Saurorhamphus) + (Enchodus + (Paleolycus + Parenchodus))))))) + ((Ichthyotringa + Apateodus) + (Rharbichthys + (Trachinocephalus + ((Apuliadercetis + Brazilodercetis) + (Benthesikyme + (Cyranichthys + Robertichthys) + (Dercetis + Ophidercetis)) + (Caudadercetis + (Pelargorhynchus + (Nardodercetis + (Rhynchodercetis + (Dercetoides + Hastichthys)))))). The group Enchodontoidei is not monophyletic. Dercetidae form a clade supported by the presence of very reduced neural spines and possess a new composition. Enchodontidae are monophyletic by the presence of middorsal scutes, and Rharbichthys was excluded. Halecidae possess a new composition, with the exclusion of Hemisaurida. This taxon and Nardorex are Aulopiformes incertae sedis. Key words: Aulopiformes, Enchodontoidei, phylogeny, taxonomy. INTRODUCTION 1996, Fielitz 2004, Figueiredo and Gallo 2006, Gallo et Enchodontoidei are extinct marine teleosts generally al. 2006). with an elongate body and long and narrow rod-like The taxon was erected by Berg (1937) as a sub- maxilla included in the mouth gape (Nelson 1994). They order, which included only the family Enchodontidae. possess a long temporal range, extending from the Early According to this author, enchodontid fishes were sim- Cretaceous to the Early Eocene, and a wide geographic ilar to the members of the suborder Stomiatoidei also distribution in sedimentary deposits of South America created by him, but the enchodontids bear a median row (e.g., Bolivia and Brazil), Africa (e.g., Democratic of dorsal scutes and their vertebrae do not possess para- Republic of Congo, Egypt, and Morocco), Asia (e.g., pophyses. Goody (1969) accomplished a comprehensive Arabian Peninsula, India, Israel, Japan, and Lebanon), review of certain Late Cretaceous teleosteans, consider- Europe (e.g., Belgium, England, Germany, Holland, ing Enchodontoidei as part of the order Salmoniformes, Italy, and Sweden), and North America (Canada, together with three other suborders, Ichthyotringoidei, Mexico, and United States) (e.g., Goody 1969, Chalifa Cimolichthyoidei, and Halecoidei. Rosen (1973) erected the order Aulopiformes com- Correspondence to: Hilda Maria Andrade da Silva E-mail: [email protected] prising 15 living families, and the suborder Alepisau- An Acad Bras Cienc (2011) 83 (2) “main” — 2011/5/11 — 19:20 — page 484 — #2 484 HILDA M.A. SILVA and VALÉRIA GALLO roidei with 15 fossil genera, without dividing them sys- Enchodontidae. The extant aulopiforms were classified tematically (i.e., Ichthyotringa, Apateodus, Apateopho- in Synodontoidei (with four families), Chlorophthalmoi- lis, Cimolichthys, Dercetis, Rhynchodercetis, Pelargo- dei (with six families), and Giganturoidei (with two fam- rhynchus, Prionolepis, Enchodus, Palaeolycus, Eury- ilies). Additionally, four living families were placed in pholis, Saurorhamphus, Halec, Phylactocephalus, and the suborder Alepisauroidei. Hemisaurida), as well as the fossil genera incertae sedis In fact, the assemblage of extinct aulopiforms de- of the superfamily Synodontoidea, Sardinius and fined by Nelson (2006) corresponds to Enchodontoidei Volcichthys. sensu Nelson (1994). However, Nelson (2006) did not Nelson (1994) recognized the order Aulopiformes discuss his reasons for disregarding the name Encho- by Rosen (1973), as well as the suborders proposed by dontoidei and put its members in Alepisauroidei, Goody (1969) as superfamilies, putting them in a single Ichthyotringoidei, and Halecoidei. Moreover, Encho- suborder, Enchodontoidei, composed of four superfam- dontoidei were considered in the cladistic analysis of ilies: Enchodontoidea (Enchodus, Parenchodus, Palae- Dercetidae (Gallo et al. 2005), as well as in a prelimi- olycus, Eurypholis, and Saurorhamphus), Cimolichthy- nary approach by Silva and Gallo (2007). As there oidea (Cimolichthys, Prionolepis, Benthesikyme, Cyra- has not been a recent comprehensive phylogenetic study nichthys, Dercetis, Dercetoides, Pelargorhynchus, Rhyn- of Enchodontoidei, we review their classification his- chodercetis, and Stratodus), Halecoidea (Halec, Hemi- tory and provide a new cladistic analysis. saurida, and Phylactocephalus) and Ichthyotringoidea (Ichthyotringa and Apateodus). However, this classifi- SYSTEMATIC HISTORY OF ENCHODONTOIDEI cation was not developed in a phylogenetic framework. In this paper we use the general classification of Nel- Baldwin and Johnson (1996) accomplished a cla- son (1994), except for the family Enchodontidae (sensu distic analysis of Aulopiformes, including only extant Fielitz 2004). taxa. The authors maintained the monophyly of the taxon and added synapomorphies to those proposed by SUPERFAMILY ICHTHYOTRINGOIDEA Rosen (1973), which are mainly related to the morphol- According to Goody (1969), Ichthyotringoidea com- ogy of the dorsal portion of the gill arches. Their new prises two closely related families, Ichthyotringidae synapomorphies are from the intermuscular system, in- and Apateopholidae. The author considered mainly ternal soft anatomy, pigmentation pattern of larvae, and primitive features of the body and caudal skeleton, as morphology of the pelvic girdle. Most of these features well as a derived feature related to the rostral region. He are very difficult to assess in fossil specimens. stated that, despite the similarities shared by the taxa, Sato and Nakabo (2002) accomplished a phyloge- Apateopholidae should be the more advanced taxon. netic analysis of living Aulopiformes based on morpho- logical and molecular data. They divided it into the Family Ichthyotringidae. The family Ichthyotringidae suborders Synodontoidei, Chlorophthalmoidei, Alepi- (Table I) was created by Jordan (1905) to contain a sauroidei, and Giganturoidei. Moreover, the authors pro- single genus (i.e., Ichthyotringa). Goody (1969) po- posed a new family of Aulopiformes (i.e., Paraulopidae). sitioned the family in the suborder Ichthyotringoidei. Fielitz (2004) and Gallo et al. (2005) proposed Later, Nelson (1994) included the taxon in the suborder hypotheses of the phylogenetic relationships of some Enchodontoidei together with other fossil aulopiforms. fossil Aulopiformes (Enchodontoidea and Dercetidae, The generic epithet Ichthyotringa was created by Cope respectively). (1878) to replace the genus Rhinellus of Agassiz (1844), Nelson (2006) placed the extinct aulopiforms in which was pre-occupied. The genus Ichthyotringa in- three suborders: Ichthyotringoidei, comprising the fam- cludes the following species: Ichthyotringa furcata ilies Ichthyotringidae, Dercetidae, and Prionolepidae; (Agassiz, 1844), I. tenuirostris Cope, 1878, I. damoni Halecoidei, with a single family, Halecidae; and Ale- (Davis, 1887), I. ferox (Davis, 1887), I. delicata (Hay, pisauroidei, with two families, Cimolichthyidae and 1903), and I. africana (Arambourg, 1954). Forey et An Acad Bras Cienc (2011) 83 (2) “main” — 2011/5/11 — 19:20 — page 485 — #3 ENCHODONTOIDEI SYSTEMATICS 485 al. (2003), in the general list of fossil fishes from a great similarity regarding the structures of the skull Lebanon, placed Apateopholis in the family Ichthyo- and body, especially in the rostral region. Moreover, tringidae, but remarked that at least one species of general body squamation is lacking and two or three Apateopholis is often misinterpreted as a species of the rows of isolated scutes are present on the flanks. Re- closely related Ichthyotringa. Only more recently a new garding the family Prionolepididae, the author pointed ichthyotringoidei was reported to the El Doctor
Load more

Recommended publications
  • JVP 26(3) September 2006—ABSTRACTS
    Neoceti Symposium, Saturday 8:45 acid-prepared osteolepiforms Medoevia and Gogonasus has offered strong support for BODY SIZE AND CRYPTIC TROPHIC SEPARATION OF GENERALIZED Jarvik’s interpretation, but Eusthenopteron itself has not been reexamined in detail. PIERCE-FEEDING CETACEANS: THE ROLE OF FEEDING DIVERSITY DUR- Uncertainty has persisted about the relationship between the large endoskeletal “fenestra ING THE RISE OF THE NEOCETI endochoanalis” and the apparently much smaller choana, and about the occlusion of upper ADAM, Peter, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; JETT, Kristin, Univ. of and lower jaw fangs relative to the choana. California, Davis, Davis, CA; OLSON, Joshua, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los A CT scan investigation of a large skull of Eusthenopteron, carried out in collaboration Angeles, CA with University of Texas and Parc de Miguasha, offers an opportunity to image and digital- Marine mammals with homodont dentition and relatively little specialization of the feeding ly “dissect” a complete three-dimensional snout region. We find that a choana is indeed apparatus are often categorized as generalist eaters of squid and fish. However, analyses of present, somewhat narrower but otherwise similar to that described by Jarvik. It does not many modern ecosystems reveal the importance of body size in determining trophic parti- receive the anterior coronoid fang, which bites mesial to the edge of the dermopalatine and tioning and diversity among predators. We established relationships between body sizes of is received by a pit in that bone. The fenestra endochoanalis is partly floored by the vomer extant cetaceans and their prey in order to infer prey size and potential trophic separation of and the dermopalatine, restricting the choana to the lateral part of the fenestra.
    [Show full text]
  • A Practical Handbook for Determining the Ages of Gulf of Mexico And
    A Practical Handbook for Determining the Ages of Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Coast Fishes THIRD EDITION GSMFC No. 300 NOVEMBER 2020 i Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission Commissioners and Proxies ALABAMA Senator R.L. “Bret” Allain, II Chris Blankenship, Commissioner State Senator District 21 Alabama Department of Conservation Franklin, Louisiana and Natural Resources John Roussel Montgomery, Alabama Zachary, Louisiana Representative Chris Pringle Mobile, Alabama MISSISSIPPI Chris Nelson Joe Spraggins, Executive Director Bon Secour Fisheries, Inc. Mississippi Department of Marine Bon Secour, Alabama Resources Biloxi, Mississippi FLORIDA Read Hendon Eric Sutton, Executive Director USM/Gulf Coast Research Laboratory Florida Fish and Wildlife Ocean Springs, Mississippi Conservation Commission Tallahassee, Florida TEXAS Representative Jay Trumbull Carter Smith, Executive Director Tallahassee, Florida Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Austin, Texas LOUISIANA Doug Boyd Jack Montoucet, Secretary Boerne, Texas Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Baton Rouge, Louisiana GSMFC Staff ASMFC Staff Mr. David M. Donaldson Mr. Bob Beal Executive Director Executive Director Mr. Steven J. VanderKooy Mr. Jeffrey Kipp IJF Program Coordinator Stock Assessment Scientist Ms. Debora McIntyre Dr. Kristen Anstead IJF Staff Assistant Fisheries Scientist ii A Practical Handbook for Determining the Ages of Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Coast Fishes Third Edition Edited by Steve VanderKooy Jessica Carroll Scott Elzey Jessica Gilmore Jeffrey Kipp Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission 2404 Government St Ocean Springs, MS 39564 and Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission 1050 N. Highland Street Suite 200 A-N Arlington, VA 22201 Publication Number 300 November 2020 A publication of the Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commission pursuant to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Award Number NA15NMF4070076 and NA15NMF4720399.
    [Show full text]
  • Annotated Checklist of Fossil Fishes from the Smoky Hill Chalk of the Niobrara Chalk (Upper Cretaceous) in Kansas
    Lucas, S. G. and Sullivan, R.M., eds., 2006, Late Cretaceous vertebrates from the Western Interior. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 35. 193 ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF FOSSIL FISHES FROM THE SMOKY HILL CHALK OF THE NIOBRARA CHALK (UPPER CRETACEOUS) IN KANSAS KENSHU SHIMADA1 AND CHRISTOPHER FIELITZ2 1Environmental Science Program and Department of Biological Sciences, DePaul University,2325 North Clifton Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60614; and Sternberg Museum of Natural History, Fort Hays State University, 3000 Sternberg Drive, Hays, Kansas 67601;2Department of Biology, Emory & Henry College, P.O. Box 947, Emory, Virginia 24327 Abstract—The Smoky Hill Chalk Member of the Niobrara Chalk is an Upper Cretaceous marine deposit found in Kansas and adjacent states in North America. The rock, which was formed under the Western Interior Sea, has a long history of yielding spectacular fossil marine vertebrates, including fishes. Here, we present an annotated taxo- nomic list of fossil fishes (= non-tetrapod vertebrates) described from the Smoky Hill Chalk based on published records. Our study shows that there are a total of 643 referable paleoichthyological specimens from the Smoky Hill Chalk documented in literature of which 133 belong to chondrichthyans and 510 to osteichthyans. These 643 specimens support the occurrence of a minimum of 70 species, comprising at least 16 chondrichthyans and 54 osteichthyans. Of these 70 species, 44 are represented by type specimens from the Smoky Hill Chalk. However, it must be noted that the fossil record of Niobrara fishes shows evidence of preservation, collecting, and research biases, and that the paleofauna is a time-averaged assemblage over five million years of chalk deposition.
    [Show full text]
  • Highly Diversified Late Cretaceous Fish Assemblage Revealed by Otoliths (Ripley Formation and Owl Creek Formation, Northeast Mississippi, Usa)
    Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia (Research in Paleontology and Stratigraphy) vol. 126(1): 111-155. March 2020 HIGHLY DIVERSIFIED LATE CRETACEOUS FISH ASSEMBLAGE REVEALED BY OTOLITHS (RIPLEY FORMATION AND OWL CREEK FORMATION, NORTHEAST MISSISSIPPI, USA) GARY L. STRINGER1, WERNER SCHWARZHANS*2 , GEORGE PHILLIPS3 & ROGER LAMBERT4 1Museum of Natural History, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana 71209, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2Natural History Museum of Denmark, Zoological Museum, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] 3Mississippi Museum of Natural Science, 2148 Riverside Drive, Jackson, Mississippi 39202, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 4North Mississippi Gem and Mineral Society, 1817 CR 700, Corinth, Mississippi, 38834, USA. E-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author To cite this article: Stringer G.L., Schwarzhans W., Phillips G. & Lambert R. (2020) - Highly diversified Late Cretaceous fish assemblage revealed by otoliths (Ripley Formation and Owl Creek Formation, Northeast Mississippi, USA). Riv. It. Paleontol. Strat., 126(1): 111-155. Keywords: Beryciformes; Holocentriformes; Aulopiformes; otolith; evolutionary implications; paleoecology. Abstract. Bulk sampling and extensive, systematic surface collecting of the Coon Creek Member of the Ripley Formation (early Maastrichtian) at the Blue Springs locality and primarily bulk sampling of the Owl Creek Formation (late Maastrichtian) at the Owl Creek type locality, both in northeast Mississippi, USA, have produced the largest and most highly diversified actinopterygian otolith (ear stone) assemblage described from the Mesozoic of North America. The 3,802 otoliths represent 30 taxa of bony fishes representing at least 22 families. In addition, there were two different morphological types of lapilli, which were not identifiable to species level.
    [Show full text]
  • A Synopsis of the Vertebrate Fossils of the English Chalk
    A. S. WOODWARD ON FOSSILS OF THE ENGLI SH CHALK. 273 Portion of tooth of Mosasallrus, from the Upper Chalk of Norwich, exhibited hy Mr. B. B. W OODWARD, F.G.S. R ecent Conglomeratic Boulder (pebbles in clay), from the Isle of Wight, exhibited by Mr. E . LITCIIFIELD. A SYNOPSIS 0 .. THE VERTEBRATE FOSSILS OF THE ENGLISH CIIALK. By A. SMITH WOODWARD, F .G.S., F .Z.S., of the British Museum tNatural History). I. INTRODUCTION. Since the publication of the revised edition of Dixon's ' Geology and Fossils of Sussex,' in 1878, no synoptical review of the ver­ tebrate fossils of the English Chalk appears to have been at­ tempted; and with the exception of the elaborate (though not critical) synopsis of genera in Mr. Etheridge's new edition of Phillips' 'Manual,' students of Cretaceous pal reontology can still find no other concise treatise on the subject. Much advance, how­ ever, has been made within the last ten years in our knowledge of later Mesozoic life; and I propose in the present communication to offer a brief epit ome of the facts in regard to the Vertebrata of the period, yielded by th e well-known uppermost division of the Meso­ zoic strata in Western Europe. Th e' Proceedings' of th e Asso­ ciation afford a most appropriate medium for the publication of such a review, so many of th e Members being interested in the treasures continually disinterred from th e numerous chalk pits of the South of England. And I have fortunately been able to compare with all that has been written th e unrivalled series of original specimens in the British Museum, and th e collection of Henry Willett, Esq., F .G.S., of Brighton, besides many othe r fossils in th e Museum of Practical Geology, Jermyn Street, the W oodwardian Museum, Cambridge, and the private cabinets of Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Teleostei: Aulopiformes)
    “main” — 2011/5/11 — 19:20 — page 483 — #1 Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2011) 83(2): 483-511 (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) Printed version ISSN 0001-3765 / Online version ISSN 1678-2690 www.scielo.br/aabc Taxonomic review and phylogenetic analysis of Enchodontoidei (Teleostei: Aulopiformes) HILDA M.A. SILVA and VALÉRIA GALLO Laboratório de Sistemática e Biogeografia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil Manuscript received on September 24, 2010; accepted for publication on December 22, 2010 ABSTRACT Enchodontoidei are extinct marine teleost fishes with a long temporal range and a wide geographic distribution. As there has been no comprehensive phylogenetic study of this taxon, we performed a parsimony analysis using a data matrix with 87 characters, 31 terminal taxa for ingroup, and three taxa for outgroup. The analysis produced 93 equally parsimonious trees (L = 437 steps; CI = 0.24; RI = 0.49). The topology of the majority rule consensus tree was: (Sardinioides + Hemisaurida + (Nardorex + (Atolvorator + (Protostomias + Yabrudichthys) + (Apateopholis + (Serrilepis + (Halec + Phylactocephalus) + (Cimolichthys + (Prionolepis + ((Eurypholis + Saurorhamphus) + (Enchodus + (Paleolycus + Parenchodus))))))) + ((Ichthyotringa + Apateodus) + (Rharbichthys + (Trachinocephalus + ((Apuliadercetis + Brazilodercetis) + (Benthesikyme + (Cyranichthys + Robertichthys) + (Dercetis + Ophidercetis)) + (Caudadercetis + (Pelargorhynchus + (Nardodercetis + (Rhynchodercetis + (Dercetoides + Hastichthys)))))). The group Enchodontoidei is not monophyletic. Dercetidae form a clade supported by the presence of very reduced neural spines and possess a new composition. Enchodontidae are monophyletic by the presence of middorsal scutes, and Rharbichthys was excluded. Halecidae possess a new composition, with the exclusion of Hemisaurida. This taxon and Nardorex are Aulopiformes incertae sedis.
    [Show full text]
  • Recent Mosasaur Discoveries from New Jersey and Delaware, USA: Stratigraphy, Taphonomy and Implications for Mosasaur Extinction
    r fs| Netherlands Journal of Geosciences — Geologie en Mijnbouw | 84 - 3 | 241 - 245 | 2005 Recent mosasaur discoveries from New Jersey and Delaware, USA: stratigraphy, taphonomy and implications for mosasaur extinction W.B. Gallagher1' 1 Bureau of Natural History, New Jersey State Museum, Trenton, NJ 08625-0530, USA. Email: [email protected] 2 Department of Geological Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA. Manuscript received: December 2004; accepted: January 2005 Abstract The Upper Cretaceous deposits of New Jersey and Delaware produced the first mosasaur specimens collected in North America. Recent recovery of mosasaur specimens from streambank exposures and new excavation sites has increased our knowledge of the stratigraphic distribution of these animals in the northern Atlantic coastal plain. Reassessment of the source and age of mosasaur specimens from the Big Brook site and other localities in Monmouth County (NJ) has greatly increased the number of known Campanian mosasaur specimens from this region. Two main taphonomic occurrence modes are noted: 1 - single, worn and broken bones and isolated teeth in mixed faunal deposits probably accumulated due to current action in nearshore environments; 2 - partial skeletons, skulls and single bones in deeper-water settings were the aftermath of biological modification of carcasses and deadfalls. The mosasaurs of the New Egypt Formation represent some of the last (i.e., stratigraphically highest) mosasaur fossils in North America. Mosasaur extinction was due to the collapse of the rich Late Cretaceous marine food web at the K/T boundary. Subsequently in the early Paleocene, with the disappearance of the mosasaurs, crocodilians became the apical predators of the marine environment in this area.
    [Show full text]
  • Andrew David Dorka Cobián Rojas Felicia Drummond Alain García Rodríguez
    CUBA’S MESOPHOTIC CORAL REEFS Fish Photo Identification Guide ANDREW DAVID DORKA COBIÁN ROJAS FELICIA DRUMMOND ALAIN GARCÍA RODRÍGUEZ Edited by: John K. Reed Stephanie Farrington CUBA’S MESOPHOTIC CORAL REEFS Fish Photo Identification Guide ANDREW DAVID DORKA COBIÁN ROJAS FELICIA DRUMMOND ALAIN GARCÍA RODRÍGUEZ Edited by: John K. Reed Stephanie Farrington ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This research was supported by the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research under award number NA14OAR4320260 to the Cooperative Institute for Ocean Exploration, Research and Technology (CIOERT) at Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute-Florida Atlantic University (HBOI-FAU), and by the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory under award number NA150AR4320064 to the Cooperative Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Studies (CIMAS) at the University of Miami. This expedition was conducted in support of the Joint Statement between the United States of America and the Republic of Cuba on Cooperation on Environmental Protection (November 24, 2015) and the Memorandum of Understanding between the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. National Park Service, and Cuba’s National Center for Protected Areas. We give special thanks to Carlos Díaz Maza (Director of the National Center of Protected Areas) and Ulises Fernández Gomez (International Relations Officer, Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment; CITMA) for assistance in securing the necessary permits to conduct the expedition and for their tremendous hospitality and logistical support in Cuba. We thank the Captain and crew of the University of Miami R/V F.G. Walton Smith and ROV operators Lance Horn and Jason White, University of North Carolina at Wilmington (UNCW-CIOERT), Undersea Vehicle Program for their excellent work at sea during the expedition.
    [Show full text]
  • American Museum Novitates
    AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Number 3954, 29 pp. June 16, 2020 A new genus of Late Cretaceous angel shark (Elasmobranchii; Squatinidae), with comments on squatinid phylogeny JOHN G. MAISEY,1 DANA J. EHRET,2 AND JOHN S.S. DENTON3 ABSTRACT Three-dimensional Late Cretaceous elasmobranch endoskeletal elements (including palato- quadrates, ceratohyals, braincase fragments, and a series of anterior vertebrae) are described from the Late Cretaceous University of Alabama Harrell Station Paleontological Site (HSPS), Dallas County, Alabama. The material is referred to the extant elasmobranch Family Squatinidae on the basis of several distinctive morphological features. It also exhibits features not shared by any modern or fossil Squatina species or the extinct Late Jurassic squatinid Pseudorhina. A new genus and species is erected, despite there being some uncertainty regarding potential synonymy with existing nominal species previously founded on isolated fossil teeth (curiously, no squatinid teeth have been docu- mented from the HSPS). A preliminary phylogenetic analysis suggests that the new genus falls on the squatinid stem, phylogenetically closer to Squatina than Pseudorhina. The craniovertebral articu- lation in the new genus exhibits features considered convergent with modern batomorphs (skates and rays), including absence of contact between the posterior basicranium and first vertebral cen- trum, and a notochordal canal which fails to reach the parachordal basicranium. Supporting evi- dence that similarities in the craniovertebral articulation of squatinoids and batomorphs are convergent rather than synapomorphic (as “hypnosqualeans”) is presented by an undescribed Early Jurassic batomorph, in which an occipital hemicentrum articulates with the first vertebral centrum as in all modern sharklike (selachimorph) elasmobranchs. The fossil suggests instead that the bato- 1 Department of Vertebrate Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, NY.
    [Show full text]
  • Euteleostei: Aulopiformes) and the Timing of Deep-Sea Adaptations ⇑ Matthew P
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57 (2010) 1194–1208 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Estimating divergence times of lizardfishes and their allies (Euteleostei: Aulopiformes) and the timing of deep-sea adaptations ⇑ Matthew P. Davis a, , Christopher Fielitz b a Museum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, 119 Foster Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA b Department of Biology, Emory & Henry College, Emory, VA 24327, USA article info abstract Article history: The divergence times of lizardfishes (Euteleostei: Aulopiformes) are estimated utilizing a Bayesian Received 18 May 2010 approach in combination with knowledge of the fossil record of teleosts and a taxonomic review of fossil Revised 1 September 2010 aulopiform taxa. These results are integrated with a study of character evolution regarding deep-sea evo- Accepted 7 September 2010 lutionary adaptations in the clade, including simultaneous hermaphroditism and tubular eyes. Diver- Available online 18 September 2010 gence time estimations recover that the stem species of the lizardfishes arose during the Early Cretaceous/Late Jurassic in a marine environment with separate sexes, and laterally directed, round eyes. Keywords: Tubular eyes have arisen independently at different times in three deep-sea pelagic predatory aulopiform Phylogenetics lineages. Simultaneous hermaphroditism evolved a single time in the stem species of the suborder Character evolution Deep-sea Alepisauroidei, the clade of deep-sea aulopiforms during the Early Cretaceous. This result indicates the Euteleostei oldest known evolutionary event of simultaneous hermaphroditism in vertebrates, with the Alepisauroidei Hermaphroditism being the largest vertebrate clade with this reproductive strategy. Divergence times Ó 2010 Elsevier Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • Fossil Fish Fauna from the Uppermost Graneros Shale (Upper Cretaceous) in Southeastern Nebraska
    DePaul Discoveries Volume 1 Issue 1 Article 7 2012 Fossil Fish Fauna from the Uppermost Graneros Shale (Upper Cretaceous) in Southeastern Nebraska Kevin R. Jansen DePaul University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/depaul-disc Part of the Life Sciences Commons, and the Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons Recommended Citation Jansen, Kevin R. (2012) "Fossil Fish Fauna from the Uppermost Graneros Shale (Upper Cretaceous) in Southeastern Nebraska," DePaul Discoveries: Vol. 1 : Iss. 1 , Article 7. Available at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/depaul-disc/vol1/iss1/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Science and Health at Via Sapientiae. It has been accepted for inclusion in DePaul Discoveries by an authorized editor of Via Sapientiae. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Fossil Fish Fauna from the Uppermost Graneros Shale (Upper Cretaceous) in Southeastern Nebraska Acknowledgements Faculty Advisor: Dr. Kenshu Shimada, Department of Environmental Science and Studies & Department of Biological Sciences This article is available in DePaul Discoveries: https://via.library.depaul.edu/depaul-disc/vol1/iss1/7 Jansen: Fossil Fish Fauna from the Uppermost Graneros Shale (Upper Cretaceous) in Southeastern Nebraska DEPAUL DISCOVERIES (2O12) Fossil Fish Fauna from the Uppermost Graneros Shale (Upper Cretaceous) in Southeastern Nebraska Kevin R. Jansen* Department of Environmental Science and Studies ABSTRACT The Graneros Shale is a rock deposited in the Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway of North America about 95 million years ago. Many fossil fish remains were collected from the uppermost portion of the Graneros Shale in southeastern Nebraska and were analyzed for their unique characteristics.
    [Show full text]
  • Family-Synodontidae-Overview-PDF
    FAMILY Synodontidae Gill, 1861 - lizardfishes SUBFAMILY Synodontinae Gill, 1861 - lizardfishes [=Salmonidi, Sauridae, Synodontoidae] GENUS Synodus Scopoli, 1777 - lizardfishes, sand divers [=Allouarnia, Austrotirus, Esosynodus, Exotirichthys, Laurida, Negotirus, Newtonscottia, Salmosaurus, Saurus Ca, Saurus Cu, Soarus, Synodus G, Synodus B, Tirus, Xystodus] Species Synodus binotatus Schultz, in Schultz et al., 1953 - twospotted lizardfish Species Synodus bondi Fowler, 1939 - sharpnose lizardfish Species Synodus capricornis Cressey & Randall, 1978 - Capricorn lizardfish Species Synodus cubanus Poey, 1876 - Cuban sand lizardfish Species Synodus dermatogenys Fowler, 1912 - sand lizardfish [=amaranthus] Species Synodus doaki Russell & Cressey, 1979 - Arrowtooth lizardfish Species Synodus evermanni Jordan & Bollman, 1890 - Inotted lizardfish Species Synodus falcatus Waples & Randall, 1989 - Maro lizardfish [=janus] Species Synodus fasciapelvicus Randall, 2009 - Randall's sand diver Species Synodus foetens (Linnaeus, 1766) - inshore lizardfish [=albidus, longirostris, ruber, mexicanus, salmoneus, spixianus] Species Synodus fuscus Tanaka, 1917 - Tanaka's lizardfish Species Synodus gibbsi Cressey, 1981 - Gibbs' lizardfish Species Synodus hoshinonis Tanaka, 1917 - blackear lizardfish Species Synodus houlti McCulloch, 1921 - Hoult's lizardfish Species Synodus indicus (Day, 1873) - Indian lizardfish [=dietrichi] Species Synodus intermedius (Spix & Agassiz, 1829) - sand diver [=anolis] Species Synodus isolatus Randall, 2009 - Easter Island lizardfish
    [Show full text]