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Home , Kalinga War, Maurya Empire

Chapter 8 The First :The Mauryas

Exercises I Tick the correct option 1. Who was the founder of the ? Ans. 2. One of the main sources of modern period is Ans. by 3. Who was a counselor at Chandragupta courtamong these men? Ans. Kautilya 4. Name the of the mauryan Empire Ans. Patliputra 5. According to the inscriptions how many people were killed in the ? Ans more than a lakh 6. gave up war and adopted the policy of by Ans. Dhamma 7. Which dynasty was followed by the mauryan dynasty Ans. Sunga

II fill in the blanks 1. Alexander attacked_____India in about 326BCE Ans. Northwestern 2._____ by Kautilya is a treatise on how a government should function Ans. Arthshastra 3.By overthrowing the Nanda ruler Chandragupta Maurya established our control over the kingdom of___ Ans. Mugdha 4.___and_____were the important Trade centre of Maurya Empire. Ans. and 5. People in the forested regions provided the Mauryan officials with__,___,___and___. Ans. , Timber, honey and wax 6.____is the word for the term . Ans.Dhamma

III State true or false 1. Ujjain was the gateway to the north west. (False) 2. Chandragupta ideas were written down in the . (False) 3.Ashoka gave up war after the battle of Panipat. (False) 4. Most of the Ashokan inscriptions are in the Brahmi and prakrit script.(true) 5. The land tax was not the major source of revenue. (False)

IV short answer questions Q1. What is an Empire? Why was Ashoka's Kingdom called an Empire and not a Kingdom? Ans. An Empire brings a number of kingdoms all under one ruler. It was an Empire because he was rolling over an extensive territory this role was under a single supreme authority of Ashoka.His realmstressed from the , and in the north to Mysore from in the north-east to Brahmaputra in the East.

Q2 what are the two important sources of information about the mauryan empire Ans. There are two main books that serve as a source of information on the mauryas these are:- Indica by megasthenes Arthashastra by Kautilya

Q3 why did Ashoka gave up war? Ans. Ashoka attacked Kalinga and was successful in bringing it under his rule. This battle was very brutal. Ashoka was so disturbed and saddend after this war that he decided to give up war.

Q4. What is an ? Ans. An edits are royal orders or proclamation.Ashokan Indian aur inscribed on rocks ,stone, pillars and caves.

Q5. How was a tribute different from tax? Ans. Tributes were paid in a variety of forms.people living in the forest it regions where are expected to provide , Timber ,honey and wax to Mauriyan officials as tribute.

Q6. What were the welfare measures taken by Ashoka? Ans. Ashoka performed various welfare activities .He belt roads and planted trees on both sides of these roads for shed .He got wells dug and rest houses made for travellers.

V long answer questions Q1.how did the Kalinga war bring a change in Ashoka's attitude towards war?Write a detailed answer. Ans.Ashoka waged a battle and become successful in conquering Kalinga.About a lakh and half people were captured and more than a lakh were killed in the Kalinga war.The bloody scene of war and its consequences change Ashoka's view on war.The wailing widows and cries of orphaned children kept haunting him and he decided to give up fighting because he was horrified at the blood bath that he had created. After conquering Kalinga, Ashoka stopped the expansion of his Empire by war and concentrated on spreading .

Q2. Describe the administrative system during Ashoka's rule. Ans.The MauryanKing ruled The Kingdom directly and all the power was in his was the commander in chief of the armed Empire along with the members of the and senior ministers and supervise the whole administrationEmpire along with the members of the royal family and senior ministers would supervise the whole administration officials were appointed to collect and spies werealso employee to keep a watch on the internal and external affairs .Due to the large size of Empire it was divided into . The provisions where for the divided into districts.

Q3 write a note on the extent of Maurya Empire under various . Ans.The Maurya Empire was a geographical e extensive historical power in ancient , ruled by the Maurya dynasty from 322 -185 BCE.The Empire boys founded in 322 BCEby Chandragupta Maurya who had overthrown the Nanda Dynasty and rapidly expanded his power.Chandragupta Maurya spread his control and Empire for and white hi conclude Afghanistan and area west of Indus the vast Empire under Chandragupta scontrol stretched from in theHindu Kush in the Northwest to in the east and from the Himalayas in the north to the Narmada In it's time the Maurya Empire was one of the largest empire of the world.

Q4. What was Ashoka's Dhamma? Who were appointed by Ashoka to spread the Dhamma? What problems did Ashoka want to solve by introducing dhamma? Ans. Ashoka's Dhamma was not related to the worship of any God or performance of was a code of conduct inspired by Buddha's teachings.He advocated non violence ,compassion and peace but never force his ideas on his subjects.He respected all religions ,the edicts set up by Ashoka explain his Dhamma. Ashoka appointed official known as the Dharma mahamatra who went from place to place to teach people about the dhamma. Ashoka got the teachings of Buddha inscribed on rocks and pillars known as edicts and had them set up in place all over his Empire.

Q5 write note on the following Dynasty:- The empire of was established under a dynasty.when members of the same family become ruler one after another the family is called a dynasty which established Magadha as the first ever Empire in the history of known as the Mauryan dynasty.

The Lion Capital:- The various pillar edits made by Ashoka where object of wonder for many craftsmen.One sach Ashokan pillar is at , which contains the Lion Capital.The Lion Capitalhas four lions standing back to back and below each lion is a wheel, known as Ashok National Emblem of India is an adaptation of this Lion Indian currency and all important Indian documents have the symbol of the Lion capital on them.

Tribute:- Tributes were not collected on a regular basis and people give it more or less where collected on a regular basis and it was compulsory for the people to pay them.There were designated official who were responsible for collecting taxes and keeping records. Tributes were paid in a variety of forms.People living in the forested regions were expected to provide elephants, Timber,honey and wax to Mauryan official as tribute.

Alexander the Great:- In about 326 BCE, Alexander the ruler of Makedonia attacked North . Magadha was then ruled by Dhanna Nanda, the son and successor of Mahapadma .Alexander came to be known as a because of his capability as an outstanding military commander, his diplomatic skills and spread of Greek culture, language and thought to all the conquered territories.

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