Japanese Government Team for Angkor Safeguarding
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Inventaire-CIK-09042017.Pdf
Autre(s) Nb de Date Estampages Estampages Autres K. Ext. Ind. Pays, province Lieu d’origine Situation actuelle Type Détails Matériau Langue Éditions/traductions n° lignes (śaka) EFEO BNF est. In situ ; dans la maçonnerie de 1 - - - Vietnam, An Giang Vat Thling l’autel de la pagode du village de Stèle 26 Khmer vie-viie 271 302 (34) - IC VI, p. 28-30 Lê Hoat, Châu Đốc Dalle formant seuil du tombeau du BEFEO XL, p. 480 2 - - - Vietnam, An Giang Phnom Svam ou Nui Sam In situ (en 1923, Cœdès 1923) Dalle 12 Sanskrit xe - 301 (34) - mandarin Nguyên (chronique) Ngoc Thoai ; Ruinée Trouvée sur l'allée In situ (en 2002), enchassé dans 303 (34) ; 471 3 - - - Vietnam, An Giang Linh Son Tu Piédroit principale de Linh Schiste ardoisier 11 Sanskrit vie-viie n. 295 - Cœdès 1936, p. 7-9 l'autel de Linh Son Tu (79) Son Tu 4 - - - Vietnam, An Giang Linh Son Tu Inconnue Stèle Ruinée 12 Khmer xe - 304 (34) - - Vietnam, Đồng Thap Muoi, Prasat Pram BTLSHCM 2893 (Kp 1, 2) ; 305 (69) ; 472 5 - - - Piédroit Schiste ardoisier 22 Sanskrit ve 329 ; n. 15 - Cœdès 1931, p. 1-7 Tháp Loveng BTLS 5964? (79) Vietnam, Đồng Thap Muoi, Prasat Pram 6 - - - Inconnue Stèle 10 Khmer vie-viie - 306 (34) - Cœdès 1936, p. 5 Tháp Loveng Vietnam, Đồng Thap Muoi, Prasat Pram Chapiteau 307 (34) ; 473 7 - - - Inconnue 20 Khmer vie-viie 331 ; n. 16 - Cœdès 1936, p. 3-5 Tháp Loveng (?) (79) Vietnam, Đồng Thap Muoi, Prasat Pram 308 (34) ; 474 8 - - - DCA 6811 Piédroit Schiste ardoisier 10 Khmer vie-viie 259 ; n. -
Cambodia-10-Contents.Pdf
©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd Cambodia Temples of Angkor p129 ^# ^# Siem Reap p93 Northwestern Eastern Cambodia Cambodia p270 p228 #_ Phnom Penh p36 South Coast p172 THIS EDITION WRITTEN AND RESEARCHED BY Nick Ray, Jessica Lee PLAN YOUR TRIP ON THE ROAD Welcome to Cambodia . 4 PHNOM PENH . 36 TEMPLES OF Cambodia Map . 6 Sights . 40 ANGKOR . 129 Cambodia’s Top 10 . 8 Activities . 50 Angkor Wat . 144 Need to Know . 14 Courses . 55 Angkor Thom . 148 Bayon 149 If You Like… . 16 Tours . 55 .. Sleeping . 56 Baphuon 154 Month by Month . 18 . Eating . 62 Royal Enclosure & Itineraries . 20 Drinking & Nightlife . 73 Phimeanakas . 154 Off the Beaten Track . 26 Entertainment . 76 Preah Palilay . 154 Outdoor Adventures . 28 Shopping . 78 Tep Pranam . 155 Preah Pithu 155 Regions at a Glance . 33 Around Phnom Penh . 88 . Koh Dach 88 Terrace of the . Leper King 155 Udong 88 . Terrace of Elephants 155 Tonlé Bati 90 . .. Kleangs & Prasat Phnom Tamao Wildlife Suor Prat 155 Rescue Centre . 90 . Around Angkor Thom . 156 Phnom Chisor 91 . Baksei Chamkrong 156 . CHRISTOPHER GROENHOUT / GETTY IMAGES © IMAGES GETTY / GROENHOUT CHRISTOPHER Kirirom National Park . 91 Phnom Bakheng. 156 SIEM REAP . 93 Chau Say Tevoda . 157 Thommanon 157 Sights . 95 . Spean Thmor 157 Activities . 99 .. Ta Keo 158 Courses . 101 . Ta Nei 158 Tours . 102 . Ta Prohm 158 Sleeping . 103 . Banteay Kdei Eating . 107 & Sra Srang . 159 Drinking & Nightlife . 115 Prasat Kravan . 159 PSAR THMEI P79, Entertainment . 117. Preah Khan 160 PHNOM PENH . Shopping . 118 Preah Neak Poan . 161 Around Siem Reap . 124 Ta Som 162 . TIM HUGHES / GETTY IMAGES © IMAGES GETTY / HUGHES TIM Banteay Srei District . -
Styles Architectureaux
STYLES ARCHITECTUREAUX Style Dates Roi Où à Angkor Caractéristiques principales PRE-ANGKORIEN Sambor Prei 610-650 Isanavarman I, Colonnettes rondes et simples avec des Kuk Bhavavarman II chapiteaux incorporant un bulbe. Prei Kmeng 635-700 Jayavarman Des chefs-d'œuvre de la sculpture, cependant une architecture limitée. Colonnettes plus larges avec beaucoup de décoration. Déclin général de qualité Kompong 700-800 Divers AkYum Plus d'anneaux décoratifs sur les colonnettes Preah qui restent cylindrique. Une continuation de construction en brique TRANSITOIRE Kulen 825-875 Jayavarman Continuation du style pré-angkorien, mais toutefois une période d'innovation et d'emprunts, comme les temples cham. Des tours généralement carrées et assez hautes. Utilisation de brique, avec des murs en latérite, et du grès pour les portes. Des colonnettes carrées et octogonales apparaissent. ANGKORIEN Preah Ko 877-886 Preah Ko, Bakong, Des plans simples: une ou plusieurs tours Lolei carrées en brique sur la même base. Première apparition d'enceintes concentriques, de gopuras et de «bibliothèques». Les «palais volants» ont été remplacés par des dvarapalas et devatas dans des niches. Premier temple- montagne important à Bakong. Bakheng 889-923 Yasovarman I, Bakheng, Phnom Krom, Développement des temple-montagnes. Le grès Harshavarman I Phnom Bok, est plus utilisé, surtout pour les temples Baksei Chamkrong importants; plus de sculptures décoratives en (trans.) pierre. Koh Ker 921 -944 Jayavarman IV L'échelle diminue vers le centre. La brique reste la matière principale, mais le grès est aussi utilisé. Prè Rup 944-968 Râjendravarman Prè Rup, Mébon oriental, Transition entre Koh Ker et Banteay Srei. Des Bat Chum, Kutisvara halles longues entourent partiellement le sanctuaire. -
Destination: Angkor Archaeological Park the Complete Temple Guide
Destination: Angkor Archaeological Park The Complete Temple Guide 1 The Temples of Angkor Ak Yom The earliest elements of this small brick and sandstone temple date from the pre-Angkorian 8th century. Scholars believe that the inscriptions indicate that the temple is dedicated to the Hindu 'god of the depths'. This is the earliest known example of the architectural design of the 'temple-mountain', which was to become the primary design for many of the Angkorian period temples including Angkor Wat. The temple is in a very poor condition. Angkor Thom Angkor Thom ("Great City") was the last and most enduring capital city of the Khmer empire. It was established in the late 12th century by King Jayavarman VII. The walled and moated royal city covers an area of 9 km², within which are located several monuments from earlier eras as well as those established by Jayavarman and his successors. At the centre of the city is Jayavarman's state temple, the Bayon, with the other major sites clustered around the Victory Square immediately to the north. Angkor Thom was established as the capital of Jayavarman VII's empire, and was the centre of his massive building programme. One inscription found in the city refers to Jayavarman as the groom and the city as his bride. Angkor Thom is accessible through 5 gates, one for each cardinal point, and the victory gate leading to the Royal Palace area. Angkor Wat Angkor Wat ("City of Temples"), the largest religious monument in the world, is a masterpiece of ancient architecture. The temple was built by the Khmer King Suryavarman II in the early 12th century as his state temple and eventual mausoleum. -
ANGKOR EXPLORATION VALIDITY 01.10.20 – 30.09.21 4 DAYS / 3 NIGHTS TYPE Private Roundtrip
CODE CMRT003E ANGKOR EXPLORATION VALIDITY 01.10.20 – 30.09.21 4 DAYS / 3 NIGHTS TYPE Private Roundtrip START Daily FOCUS ASIA // WWW.FOCUS.ASIA 1 I. HIGHLIGHTS Introducing you to the small and grand circuit of Angkor Discovering the majesty of Angkor, a UNESCO World Heritage Site Visiting the floating villages on Tonle Sap Lake II. ITINERARY DAY 1 SIEM REAP (ARRIVAL) Upon arrival in Siem Reap, transfer to your hotel. In the afternoon explore one of the jewels of Cambodia: the awe-inspiring Angkor Thom or ‘Great City’. This will include many of the finest Temples of King Jayavarman VII, who ruled from 1181 to 1220. At the southern gate of Angkor Thom, you will marvel at the imposing 23m (75-foot) high stone faces of Avalokiteshvara, featured in the Tomb Raider movie. These astonishing carvings inspire awe and wonder in all who view them. At the center of this citadel lies the state temple of Bayon, which we will also visit. This temple-mountain, built at the end of the 12th century, is adorned with hundreds of gigantic stone faces. This tour also includes the Terrace of Elephants, the Terrace of the Leper King and the 12 identical towers of Prasat Suor Prat. Later in the day you will discover the most famous temples from the 11th century: Baphuon, Phimeanakas, North Khleang and South Khleang. Conclude your day by watching the sun go down on Angkor. Overnight in SIEM REAP DAY 2 SIEM REAP Today you enjoy an excursion to Banteay Srei, a temple that dates back to 967 AD. -
A STUDY of the NAMES of MONUMENTS in ANGKOR (Cambodia)
A STUDY OF THE NAMES OF MONUMENTS IN ANGKOR (Cambodia) NHIM Sotheavin Sophia Asia Center for Research and Human Development, Sophia University Introduction This article aims at clarifying the concept of Khmer culture by specifically explaining the meanings of the names of the monuments in Angkor, names that have existed within the Khmer cultural community.1 Many works on Angkor history have been researched in different fields, such as the evolution of arts and architecture, through a systematic analysis of monuments and archaeological excavation analysis, and the most crucial are based on Cambodian epigraphy. My work however is meant to shed light on Angkor cultural history by studying the names of the monuments, and I intend to do so by searching for the original names that are found in ancient and middle period inscriptions, as well as those appearing in the oral tradition. This study also seeks to undertake a thorough verification of the condition and shape of the monuments, as well as the mode of affixation of names for them by the local inhabitants. I also wish to focus on certain crucial errors, as well as the insufficiency of earlier studies on the subject. To begin with, the books written in foreign languages often have mistakes in the vocabulary involved in the etymology of Khmer temples. Some researchers are not very familiar with the Khmer language, and besides, they might not have visited the site very often, or possibly also they did not pay too much attention to the oral tradition related to these ruins, a tradition that might be known to the village elders. -
Nature and Provenance of the Sandstone Used for Bayon Style Sculptures Produced During the Reign of Jayavarman VII
Journal of Archaeological Science 40 (2013) 723e734 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Journal of Archaeological Science journal homepage: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jas Nature and provenance of the sandstone used for Bayon style sculptures produced during the reign of Jayavarman VII Federico Carò a,*, Janet G. Douglas b a Department of Scientific Research, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10028, United States b Department of Conservation and Scientific Research, Freer Gallery of Art/Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, United States article info abstract Article history: Under Jayavarman VII (1182/83-ca.1218 CE) the Khmer empire reached its apex, leaving a heritage of Received 13 June 2012 major construction works and unique artistic production. The stone materials of several sculptures Accepted 16 June 2012 produced under his reign were characterized and compared to possible geological sources in northern and eastern Cambodia. The data suggest that a specific type of sandstone, rich in volcanic detritus, was Keywords: deliberately selected and quarried from a Triassic sedimentary sequence exposed far from Angkor, the Petrography main political and economic center at that time. Volcanic grains Ó 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Sandstone Sculptures Bayon Angkor Cambodia 1. Introduction The provenance of this sandstone and the location of the workshop have been the subject of much speculation. Some Under the reign of Jayavarman VII (1182/83-ca.1218 CE) many scholars have placed the source of stone used for both architecture significant construction projects were undertaken, such as major and sculpture of Bayon style in Phnom Kulen (Kulen Mountains), or roads, stone bridges, hospitals and temples, which testify to a deep more generically among the sandstones belonging to the Khorat interaction with the local environment and knowledge of its series (Delvert, 1963; Woodward, 1980; Jessup and Zephir, 1997). -
437 AMS RADIOCARBON DATING of WOOD SAMPLES from the ANGKOR MONUMENTS, CAMBODIA E Uchida1,2 • O Cunin3 • I Shimoda4 • Y
RADIOCARBON, Vol 50, Nr 3, 2008, p 437–445 © 2008 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona AMS RADIOCARBON DATING OF WOOD SAMPLES FROM THE ANGKOR MONUMENTS, CAMBODIA E Uchida1,2 • O Cunin3 • I Shimoda4 • Y Takubo1 • T Nakagawa4 ABSTRACT. In the Angkor monuments of Cambodia, pieces of wood remain (as head frames of doorways, crossbeams, ceiling boards, etc.) in the following 8 monuments: Bakong, Lolei, Baksei Chamkrong, North Khleang, Angkor Wat, Banteay Kdei, Bayon, and Gates of Angkor Thom. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating carried out on 15 wood samples collected from the above 8 monuments revealed that most of the wood samples are original, except for the head frame of a doorway in Baksei Chamkrong, the ceiling boards in the northwest tower, and a crossbeam with pivot hole in the south- west tower of the Inner Gallery of Angkor Wat. The 14C age for the head frame of a doorway in the inner wall under the central tower of North Khleang supports the hypothesis that the inner walls are additions from a later period. INTRODUCTION The Angkor monuments are Hindu and Buddhist temples built from the 9th to 13th centuries AD. In the Angkor monuments—in addition to the main construction materials of sandstone, laterite, and brick—wood was also used as roofs, head frames of doorways, beams, etc. All wood in the roofs has already rotted away, whereas wood inside the buildings, such as head frames of doorways and beams, remained in several monuments. We question whether the inside wood is original or not. -
Computer Modeling, Analysis and Visualization of Angkor Wat Style Temples in Cambodia
INAUGURAL-DISSERTATION zur Erlangung der Doktorwürde der Naturwissenschaftlich-Mathematischen Gesamtfakultät der Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg vorgelegt von Dipl. -Arch. Pheakdey Nguonphan aus Prey Veng, Kambodscha Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 09. Januar 2009 Computer Modeling, Analysis and Visualization of Angkor Wat Style Temples in Cambodia Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Willi Jäger Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Hans Georg Bock Zusammenfassung Das archäologische Gebiet von Angkor und die gigantischen Steintempel sind die verbliebenen Hauptquellen zu den fast vergessenen alten Khmer-Zivilistation die einst ihre Blühtezeit zwischen dem 7. und 13. Jahrhundert hatte. Hunderte von Tempeln wurden erbaut, doch mit der Zeit sind sie fast in Vergessenheit geraten, und haben erleidete sehr unter dem tropischen Klima, Kriegen aber auch Plünderungen gelitten. Die meisten von Ihnen liegen nun völlig in Trümmern, und Viele sind teilweise zerstört oder im Einsturzgefahr. Inzwischen wurde Angkor als UNESCO Weltkulturerbe erklärt und ist eines der beliebtesten Tourismus-Ziele, aber auch für Wissenschaftler attraktive die neue Methoden zur Unterstützung der Restaurierung, Bewahrung und Tempel-Rekonstruktion erforschen. Die Buddhistischen und Hinduistischen Tempel von Angkor wurden auf Basis der heiligen Lotusblüte, die in beiden Religionen den Mikrokosmos darstellt, als einem der Grundsymbole erbaut. Sechs Hauptdarstellungsformen des Lotus wurden identifiziert, die in einer bestimmten Weise kombiniert, und fast auf allen Tempelelementen abgebildet sind. 3D Computer-Rekonstruktionen von solchen Tempelelementen sind schwierig und enorm aufwändig. Diese Dissertation befasst sich mit der Analyse architektonischer Funktion und Geometrie der Lotusmotive und dem Versuch die Kombinationsregel der sechs Lotusmotive zu entschlüsseln. Um dies zum Einsatz zu bringen werden, mit Hilfe mathematischer Modelle und bestimmter Algorithmen eine neue modul-basierte Rekonstruktionsmethode und zwei weitere Methoden als Ergänzung speziell für Angkor Temple entwickelt. -
Study on the Accumulation Process of Residual Displacement by Applying DDA in the Angkor Monument, Cambodia S
Structural Studies, Repairs and Maintenance of Heritage Architecture XI 335 Study on the accumulation process of residual displacement by applying DDA in the Angkor monument, Cambodia S. Yamada1, M. Araya1, Y. Toyoshima1, S. Tachino1 & T. Miyatani2 1Department of Architecture, Faculty of Science & Engineering, Waseda University, Japan 2Microsoft Co. Ltd., Japan Abstract In a dry masonry construction, such as the Angkor monument in Cambodia, a residual displacement, which has been accumulated over 1000 years after the construction, is assumed as the essential cause of a tower inclination and collapse. In this paper, applying the discontinuous deformation analysis, DDA, which includes an evaluation of the kinetic friction state after a slide generated between stones in formulization, we conducted a numerical analysis of the Angkor monument focusing on the accumulation process of the residual displacement. Applying DDA, a platform is modeled and the accumulation process of the residual displacement is verified. Then, we verified the relationship between the seasonal accumulation of residual displacement of the platform and the tower inclination, focusing on the phenomenon that the rainy season and the dry season come in the cycle of one year. In addition, to reduce the calculation cost of DDA, we applied a parallel computing to the DDA. Using Microsoft HPC Server 2008 for parallel computing, a numerical analysis of Prasat Suor Prat tower, reflecting the characteristic of masonry construction, was conducted and we compared the displacement -
Medieval Temples of Angkor! Siem Reap
Medieval Temples of Angkor! Siem Reap https://flashsales.travel [email protected] IJFSPC-ALLCY-105 Your DEAL Includes Your Country Cambodia Your Destination Siem Reap Your Deal Medieval Temples of Angkor Hotel Name Hotel Lotus Blanc Hotel or similar Hotel Category Room Category Standard Room Deal Validity 01 May 2021 – 31 March 2022 Deal Length 3 Days and 2 Nights Travel Dates Daily Arrival 2 Nights in 4-Star Hotel Los Acebos or similar Daily Breakfast for 2 Persons Deal Inclusions All Temple Admission Fees Return Airport Transfers 3 private Tours with guide Additional Notes More about exclusions & cancellation terms please scroll down https://flashsales.travel [email protected] Your Travel Itinerary Angkor was once the great capital city of the Khmer Empire flourishing approximately during the 9th to the 15th centuries. It is the home to the magnificent Angkor Wat, one of Cambodia’s most popular tourist attractions. The word Angkor is derived from the Sanskrit nagara, meaning “city”. With this tour you will get the chance to see the monumental Inner Royal City of the Angkor Thom and the temples within the circuit. Watch the sunset over the plains of Angkor. Venture outside the main temple complex into the magnificent Temple of Bantey Srei. Get to see how sugar is processed locally in a family run sugar plantation and learn a little bit about Khmer history with a visit to the Landmine Musuem. The penultimate finale and the main highlight of your temple tour is a guided tour of Angkor Wat and its surrounding ruins. Conclude your trip with a visit to the Roluos Group Temples. -
Combining Statistical Tools and Ecological Assessments In
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Combining Statistical Tools and Ecological Assessments in the Study of Biodeterioration Patterns Received: 12 April 2016 Accepted: 10 August 2016 of Stone Temples in Angkor Published: 06 September 2016 (Cambodia) G. Caneva1, F. Bartoli1, V. Savo2, Y. Futagami3 & G. Strona4 Biodeterioration is a major problem for the conservation of cultural heritage materials. We provide a new and original approach to analyzing changes in patterns of colonization (Biodeterioration patterns, BPs) by biological agents responsible for the deterioration of outdoor stone materials. Here we analyzed BPs of four Khmer temples in Angkor (Cambodia) exposed to variable environmental conditions, using qualitative ecological assessments and statistical approaches. The statistical analyses supported the findings obtained with the qualitative approach. Both approaches provided additional information not otherwise available using one single method. Our results indicate that studies on biodeterioration can benefit from integrating diverse methods so that conservation efforts might become more precise and effective. Different biological agents can colonize stone artifacts and monuments in archaeological sites causing their bio- deterioration1–4. These biological agents generally include bacteria (chemolithoautotrophic and chemoorgano- trophic), cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, lichens, mosses, and even vascular plants in the final stages of colonization5–7. The BPs of the various organisms depend mostly on edaphic conditions, macro and micro-environmental fac- tors, and frequency of maintenance7–9. The colonization of stone artifacts and monuments is also affected by the complex interactions among organisms that are co-existing on the stone or growing at different stages of colonization8,10. Research on colonization dynamics and BPs is generally qualitative, with little attention to ecological consid- erations (e.g., species niche)10.