IUCN PUBLICATIONS NEW SERIES Supplement ary P a per No 1 4
SURVIVAL SERVICE COMMISSION
ENDANGERED BIRDS OF THE WORLD REPORT ON STATUS AND ACTION TREATMENT
by Paul. Joslin
194 8
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Morges, Switzerland February 1968 IUCN PUBLICATIONS NEW SERIES Supplementary Paper N o 14
SURVIVAL SERVICE COMMISSION
ENDANGERED BIRDS OF THE WORLD REPORT ON STATUS AND ACTION TREATMENT
by Paul. Joslin
1948
International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Morges, Switzerland February 1968 INTRODUCTION
This publication is essentially a working paper prepared for the use of the Survival Service Commission. Its conclusions, particularly with regard to the degree of concern expressed for individual species, should be treated as tentative.
The purpose of this exercise is to make available a rapid reference to both the status and the nature of action treatment required for each rare or endangered species, on a country by country basis.
The list of rare and endangered birds, and the countries in which they occur, is taken from the IUCN Supplement of June 1967.
The status has been classified in two ways:-
(a) By the IUCN "star" listing, which is graded on a scale of different levels of concern for each species as decided by the Survival Service Commission.
(b) By a suggested revised listing, which is graded on a limited number of objective criteria, provided by the Red Data Book (see "Key to Column Headings and Symbols", page 6). Where information of this type is partially or wholly missing, this has been indicated.
The Action Treatment (see page 2) lists the steps which it may be necessary to take in order to ensure the protection of a species.
The source material for this compilation has been the following:-
1. Vincent, Col. J. 1966. IUCN Red Data Book, Vol. 2 - Aves.
2. IUCN Supplement June 1967. List of Bird Species considered to be rare and endangered, that is to say those appearing in the Union's Red Data Book, here listed Country by Country, or in the case of Island Species, under Oceanic Regions.
3. Joslin, P. 1968. A Preliminary Analysis of the Red Data Book Vol. 2 - Class Aves. Cyclostyled.
The preparation of this paper was made possible by a grant from the Fauna Preservation Society.
* Note: In July 1968, the Secretariat of the Survival Service Commission, in collaboration with Mr J. Lucas, a member of the Com- mission, made some minor revisions, principally to the introductory pages of the original paper.
* * * – 2 –
ACTION TREATMENT
1. Factfinding: i To make a brief STATUS SURVEY to find out how rare the species is and how great the danger. ii To make a longer ECO-SURVEY to find out what the requirements of the species may be and what are the factors limiting its population. iii To ascertain the LEGAL and ENFORCEMENT SITUATION.
2. Action proposed: i (a) To PROMPT NEW LEGISLATION. (b) To IMPROVE LAW ENFORCEMENT. (c) To IMPROVE THE LEGAL SITUATION in any other way. ii To ACQUIRE LAND as a RESERVE. iii To PROMOTE THE FORMATION by a Government or other appropriate agency of: (a) a NATIONAL PARK. (b) a NATURE RESERVE. iv To set up a RESEARCH STATION to study the fauna, flora and ecology of the region. v To set up a RESEARCH FOUNDATION possibly within an existing organization (such as a university) which will turn scientific attention towards the species concerned. vi To create a CONTINUING SCIENTIFIC PRESENCE by any other means. vii To PROMOTE A PROGRAMME of: (a) CAPTIVE PROPAGATION. (b) TRANSLOCATION. viii To OFFER BOUNTIES for SUCCESSFUL REARING OF YOUNG (chiefly applicable to birds). ix To CONTROL: (a) FERAL ANIMAL SPECIES. (b) INTRODUCED ANIMAL SPECIES. x To INCREASE FOOD SUPPLY.
3. Use of influence: i To exert INFLUENCE by persuading someone of importance to write: (a) a PERSONAL LETTER. (b) an OFFICIAL LETTER. ii To send a HIGH LEVEL MISSION to confer with the Heads of Governments or Ministers concerned. iii To promote a LOCAL CONFERENCE on the subject. iv To promote a RESOLUTION or a RECOMMENDATION at a Conference. v To SECURE RECOGNITION in high places by some other means. 4. Publicity: i To PROMOTE A PUBLICITY CAMPAIGN. ii To PROPOSE THE ADOPTION by a Group (e.g. city, school, etc.) of: (a) the SPECIES. (b) the PROJECT. iii To PROMOTE A PROGRAMME OF LONG-TERM EDUCATION.
5. Funding: i To promote a WORLD WILDLIFE FUND PROJECT. ii To seek FINANCIAL AID from an INDIVIDUAL or ORGANIZATION WHICH MAY BE LINKED WITH THE SPECIES OR PROJECT. iii To get HELP IN KIND from INDUSTRY or COMMERCE. iv To obtain the SERVICES OF PEOPLE ABLE TO GIVE PRACTICAL HELP. - 3 -
TABLE OF CONTENTS
The country responsible for the administration of an island, or another territory, where it occurs in a different zoo-geographical region, is shown in brackets and is underlined.
PALAEARCTIC REGION Algeria Morocco Azores Islands (Portugal) Ryukyu Islands (Japan) Cape Verde Islands (Portugal) Spain China (northern) Taiwan Japan U.S.S.R. Korea United Kingdom Mediterranean Sea
ORIENTAL REGION Andaman Islands (India) Indonesia Burma Laos Cambodia Malaysia Ceylon North Vietnam China (southern) Philippines Christmas Island (Australia) South Vietnam India Thailand
AUSTRALASIAN REGION Australia New Guinea Celebes (Indonesia) New Zealand
ETHIOPIAN REGION Angola Malawi Arabia (southern) Moçambique Cameroun Rhodesia Congo Kinshasa Somalia Ethiopia South Africa Fernando Poo (Spain) Tanzania Kenya Uganda Lesotho Yemen Madagascar Zambia – 4 –
NEARCTIC REGION Bermuda (U.K.) Pribilov Islands (U.S.A.) Canada U.S.A. Mexico Guadalupe Island Cozumel Island San Benito Island Socorro Island
NEOTROPICAL REGION Antilles (general) Dominican Republic Argentina Grand Cayman (U.K.) Bahamas (U.K.) Grenada (U.K.) Abaco Island Guatemala Grand Bahama Island Inagua Island Haiti San Salvador Island Honduras Barbados (U.K.) Jamaica (U.K.) Bolivia Martinique (France) Brazil Nicaragua Fernando de Noronha Island Peru Chile Juan Fernandez Island Puerto Rico (U.S.A.) Colombia St. Lucia (U.K.) Tumaco Island St. Vincent (U.K.) Costa Rica Trinidad (U.K.) Cocos Island Venezuela Cuba Virgin Islands (U.S.A.) Dominica Islands (U.K.) OCEANS AND OCEANIC ISLANDS South Atlantic Ocean East Pacific Ocean Ascension Island (U.K.) Galapagos Group (Ecuador) Tristan da Cunha Group (U.K.) Northeast Pacific Ocean Tristan Island Hawaiian Group (U.S.A.) Inaccessible Island Nightingale Island Northwest Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean Comoro Group (France) Mauritius Island Reunion Island Rodriguez Island (U.K.) Seychelles Group (U.K.) – 5 –
South Pacific Ocean Southwest Pacific Ocean Marquesas Islands (France) Antipodes Islands (New Zealand) Samoa Islands (New Zealand) Auckland Islands (New Zealand) Society Islands (France) Campbell Island (New Zealand) Tonga Islands (U.K.) Chatham Islands (New Zealand) Tuamotu Islands (France) Fiji Islands (U.K.) Lord Howe Island (Australia) Loyalty Islands (France) New Caledonia (France) Norfolk Island (Australia) Snares Island (New Zealand) Solomon Islands (U.K.) - 6 -
KEY TO COLUMNS HEADINGS AND SYMBOLS
COLUMNS
ACTION TREATMENT IUCN "STAR" LISTING Species believed to require: 9. 1 = three star 1. Human exploitation stopped. 2 = two star 2. Habitat destruction stopped. 3 = one star 3. Feral or introduced species 4 = no star removed. 4. Other.
Legal protection and enforcement: SUGGESTED URGENCY LISTING 5. Receives no legal protection. 10. 1 = top priority species. 6. Law enforcement is not adequate. 2 = top priority subspecies. 3 = secondary species. Reserve and captive status: 4 = secondary subspecies and 7. Not found in any reserve. tertiary species. 8. Not found in captivity.
SYMBOLS
+ = applicable - = not applicable 0 = not known
DEFINITIONS
Top priority : The category given to a species (or subspecies) which is believed to be on the verge of extinction. Status : Information concerning population number and trend, unless otherwise indicated. Verge of extinction : A population which would likely cease to exist in sufficient numbers to continue the species (or subspecies) if immediate steps to protect it were not taken.
Note: A number in brackets immediately following a bird's name indicates the number of countries or islands in which it occurs, and under which it is included in these lists. - 7 -
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
A. PALAEARCTIC REGION
ALGERIA Aquila heliaca adalberti Spanish Imperial Eagle + 0--00-011 (3) AZORES ISLANDS (PORTUGAL) Columba palumbus azorica Azores Wood Pigeon + - - - + - + + 1 1 Pyrrhula pyrrhula murina Sao Miguel Bullfinch + - - - + - + + 1 4
CAPE VERDE ISLANDS (PORTUGAL) Alauda razae Raza Island Lark - + - - + - + + 2 3
CHINA (NORTHERN) Crossoptilon c. crossoptilon White-eared Pheasant + + - - 0 0 + 0 2 4 Crossoptilon c. drouynii White-eared Pheasant + + - - 0 0 + 0 2 4 (Tibet) Crossoptilon mantchuricum Brown-eared Pheasant + + - - - 0 + - 2 3 + - - - + - + 0 2 3 Lophophorus lhuysii Chinese Monal + - - - + - + - 1 4 Tragopan blythii molesworthi Blyth's Tragopan (2) Grus japonensis Japanese Crane (2) + + - - - 0 0 - 3 3 Grus leucogeranus Siberian White Crane(4)+ + - - - 0 0 0 2 3 Erithacus ruficeps Rufous-headed Robin(2) 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3
JAPAN Diomedea albatrus Short-tailed Albatross + - - + - - - + 4 3 Pterodroma leucoptera longirostris Japanese Petrel 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 + 4 4 Ciconia ciconia boyciana Japanese White Stork(4)+ + - + - 0 0 - 4 4 Nipponia nippon Japanese Crested Ibis + + - - - 0 0 + 1 1 Branta canadensis leucopareia Aleutian Canada Goose + - + - 0 0 + - 2 4 (2) Grus japonensis Japanese Crane (2) + + - - - 0 - - 3 3 Grus monacha Hooded Crane (2) + + - - - 0 + - 3 3 Synthliboramphus wumizusume Japanese Ancient Murrelet + 0 0 0 0 0 + + 3 3 - 8 -
KOREA Egretta eulophotes Chinese Egret (2) + + - - + - + + 4 1 Ciconia ciconia boyciana Japanese White Stork + + - + - 0 0 - 4 4 (4) Dryocopus javensis richardsi Tristram's Woodpecker + + - - - 0 - + 1 2
MEDITERRANEAN SEA Larus audouinii Audouin's Gull + - - + + - + 0 2 3
MOROCCO Aguila heliaca adalberti Spanish Imperial + 0 - - 0 0 - 0 l l Eagle(3)
RYUKYU ISLANDS (JAPAN) Columba jouyi Ryukyu Wood Pigeon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 Sapheopipo noguchii Okinawa Woodpecker 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4
SPAIN Aquila heliaca adalberti Spanish Imperial + 0 - - 0 0 - 0 1 1 Eagle (3)
TAIWAN Lophura swinhoii Swinhoe's Pheasant + + - - - + + - 2 3 Syrmaticus mikado Mikado Pheasant + - - - - + + - 3 3
U.S.S.R. Ciconia ciconia boyciana Japanese White Stork + + - + - 0 0 - 4 4 (4) Grus leucogeranus Siberian White Crane + + - - - 0 0 0 2 3 (4) Grus monacha Hooded Crane(2) + + - - - 0 + - 3 3
UNITED KINGDOM Troglodytes troglodytes fridariensis Fair Isle Wren - - - + - 0 + + 4 4 Troglotytes troglodytes hirtensis St Kilda Wren 0 - - + - 0 + + 4 4 – 9 –
B. ORIENTAL REGION
ANDAMAN ISLANDS (INDIA) Aceros narcondami Narcondam Hornbill 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3
BURMA Lophophorus sclateri Sclater's Monal (3) + - - - + - + + 2 3 Hume's Pheasant + 0 0 0 + - + 0 3 4 Syrmaticus h. humiae (western) Syrmaticus humiae burmanicus Hume's Pheasant + 0 0 0 + - + 0 3 4 (eastern) Tragopan blythii blythii Blyth's Tragopan (2) + - - - + - + + 1 4
CAMBODIA Thaumatibis gigantea Giant Ibis (4) - + - - + - + + 4 3
CEYLON Phaenicophaeus pyrrhocophalus Red-faced Malkoha - + - - + - + + 2 3
CHINA (SOUTHERN) Egretta eulophotes Chinese Egret (2) + + - - + - + + 4 1 Ciconia ciconia boyciana Japanese White Stork (4) + + - + - 0 0 - 4 4 Lophophorus sclateri Sclater's Monal (3) + - - - + - + + 2 3 Syrmaticus ellioti Elliot's Pheasant + + - - + - + - 2 3 Tragopan caboti Cabot's Tragopan + + - - + - + - 2 3 Grus japonensis Japanese Crane (2) + + - - - 0 0 - 3 3 Grus leucogeranus Siberian White Crane (4) + + - - - 0 0 0 2 3 Grus nigricollis Black-necked Crane + - - + 0 0 + - 4 3
CHRISTMAS ISLAND (AUSTRALIA) Sula abbotti Abbott's Booby + + - + - 0 + + 2 1 Accipiter fasciatus natalis Christmas Island + 0 0 0 - - + + 2 2 Goshawk – 10 –
INDIA Crossoptilon crossoptilon harmani White-eared Pheasant + + - - 0 0 + 0 2 4 Lophophorus sclateri Sclater's Monal (3) + - - - + - + + 3 3 Tragopan blythii blythii Blyth's Tragopan (2) + - - - + - + + 1 4 Tragopan blythii molesworthi Blyth's Tragopan + - - - + - + - 1 4 (western) (2) Tragopan m elanocephalus Western Tragopan + 0 0 0 + - + + 1 1 Grus leucogeranus Siberian White Crane + + - - - 0 0 0 2 3 (4) Choriotis nigriceps Great Indian Bustard + + - - - + + 0 2 3
INDONESIA Leucopsar rothschildi Rothschild's Starling + - - - - 0 - - 4 3 Muscicapa ruecki Rueck's Blue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 Flycatcher (2)
LAOS Thaumatibis gigantea Giant Ibis(4) - + - - + - + + 4 3 Lophura imperialis Imperial Pheasant(3) 0 0 0 0 + - + - 2 3
MALAYSIA Polyplectron malacense Malaysian Peacock schliermacheri Pheasant + - - - + - + + 4 4 Erithacus ruficeps Rufous-headed Robin(2)0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Muscicapa ruecki Rueck's Blue 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Flycatcher (2)
NORTH VIETNAM Lophura imperialis Imperial Pheasant (3) 0 0 0 0 + - + - 2 3
PHILIPPINES Pithecophaga jefferyi Monkey-eating Eagle + + - - - + + - 1 1 Polyplectron emphanum Palawan Peacock + + - - + - + - 2 3 Pheasant Ducula mindorensis Mindoro Imperial - + - - - 0 + + 2 3 Pigeon Otus gurneyi Giant Scops Owl - + - - - 0 + + 4 3 – 11 –
Pitta kochi Koch's Pitta 0 0 0 0 - 0 + + 3 3 Copsychus niger cebuensis Cebu Black Shama - + - - - 0 + + 1 2 Zoothera cinerea Ashy Ground Thrush - + - - - 0 + + 2 3
SOUTH VIETNAM Thaumatibis gigantea Giant Ibis (4) - + - - + - + + 4 3 Lophura edwardsi Edwards' Pheasant + + - - + - + - 2 3 Lophura imperialis Imperial Pheasant(3) 0 0 0 0 + - + - 2 3
THAILAND Thaumatibis gigantea Giant Ibis (4) - + - - + - + + 4 3
C. AUSTRALASIAN REGION
AUSTRALIA Cereopsis novae-hollandiae Cape Barren Goose + + - - - 0 - - 3 3 Geopsittacus occidentalis Australian Night 0 0 0 0 - 0 + 0 l l Parrot Neophema chrysogaster mab Orange-bellied + + - - - 0 + 0 2 4 Parakeet Neophema pulchella Turquoise Parakeet + + - - - 0 + - 2 3 Neophema splendida Splendid Parakeet + + - - - 0 + - 2 3 Pezoporus wallicus wallicus Ground Parrot + + + - - 0 + 0 4 4 Pezoporus wallicus Ground Parrot flaviventris (western) + + + - - 0 + 0 4 4 Ground Parrot + + + - - 0 + 0 4 4 Pezoporus wallicus leachi (Tasmania) Golden-shouldered Psephotus c. chrysopterygius Paradise Parakeet + - 0 0 - 0 + - 4 4 Psephotus chrysopterygius Hooded Paradise dissimilis Parakeet 0 0 0 0 - 0 + 0 4 4 Psephotus pulcherrimus Beautiful Parakeet + - + - - 0 + 0 4 3 Atrichornis clampsus Noisy Scrub-Bird - + 0 - - 0 - + 1 1 Atrichornis rufescens Rufous Scrub-Bird - + - - - 0 - + 2 3 – 12 –
Psophodes n. nigrogularis Western Whipbird (SW) - + + - - 0 + + 2 4 Psophodes n. leucogaster Western Whipbird (SE) - + + - - 0 + + 2 4 Psophodes n. pondalowiensis Western Whipbird (S) - + + - - 0 + + 2 4 Amytornis goyderi Eyrean Grass-Wren 0 0 + 0 0 0 + + 1 1 Meliphaga cassidix Helmeted Honeyeater - + - - - 0 + + 2 3
CELEBES (INDONESIA) Macrocephalon maleo Maleo + - - - + - - + 4 3 Aramidopsis plateni Platen's Celebes Rail 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3
NEW GUINEA Sericornis nigroviridis Watut Leaf Warbler 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3
NEW ZEALAND Phalacrocorax c. carunculatus King Shag + 0 0 0 - - + + 3 4 Anas aucklandica chlorotis New Zealand Brown - + - - - 0 + - 4 4 Teal Notornis mantelli Takahe + + + + 0 0 - - 3 3 Coenocorypha aucklandica New Zealand Snipe iredalei (South Cape I.)(5) + - + + - 0 + + 3 4 Cyanoramphus auriceps forbesi Forbes' Parakeet - + - - - 0 + - 2 4 Cyanoramphus malherbi Orange-fronted 0 0 0 0 - 0 + - 4 3 Parakeet Strigops habroptilus Kakapo or Owl Parrot - + + - - 0 + - 2 1 Sceloglaux a. albifacies New Zealand Laughing - - + - - 0 + + 1 2 Owl Xenicus longipes stokesi New Zealand Bush Wren - + + - - 0 + + 1 2 (North Island) Xenicus longipes longipes New Zealand Bush Wren - + + - - 0 + + 1 4 (South Island) Xenicus longipes variabilis New Zealand Bush Wren - + + - - 0 + + 1 4 (Big South Cape I.) Callaeas cinerea cinerea South Island Kokako 0 0 + 0 - 0 + + l 4 Callaeas cinerea wilsoni North Island Kokako + - + - - 0 + 0 3 4 Creadion c. carunculatus South Island - + + - - 0 + + 3 4 Saddleback – 13 –
Creadion carunculatus North Island rufusater Saddleback - - + - - 0 + + 2 4 Turnagra capensis tanagra Piopio (North Island) - + + - - 0 + + 1 2 Turnagra capensis capensis Piopio (South Island) - + + - - 0 + + 1 2 Dasyornis brachypterus longirostris Bristlebird - + - - - 0 + + 1 2 Notiomystis cincta Stitchbird + - + - - 0 - + 3 3
D. ETHIOPIAN REGION
ANGOLA Francolinus swierstrai Swierstra's Francolin - + - - + - + + 4 3 Apus toulsoni Luanda Swift 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3
ARABIA (SOUTHERN) Gypaëtus barbatus meridionalis African Lammergeyer + - - - 0 + + 0 3 4 (8)
CAMEROUN Malaconotus kupeensis Kupe Mt Bush Shrike 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3
CONGO KINSHASA Pseudocalyptomena graueri Grauer's Green 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Broadbill Coracina graueri Grauer's Cuckoo 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Shrike
ETHIOPIA Gypaëtus barbatus meridionalis African Lammergeyer + - - - 0 + + 0 3 4 Falco fasciinucha Teita Falcon (6) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 4 Streptopelia reichenowi White-winged Dove (2) 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Tauraco ruspolii Prince Ruspoli's 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Turaco Apus myoptilus Scarce Swift (5) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 3 – 14 –
FERNANDO POO (SPAIN) Speirops brunnea Fernando Poo Speirops - + - - + - + + 4 3
KENYA Gypaëtus barbatus meridionalis African Lammergeyer(8)+ - - - 0 + + 0 3 4 Falco fasciinucha Teita Falcon (6) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 4 Otus ireneae Mrs Morden's Owlet - + - - + - + + 2 3 Apus myoptilus Scarce Swift (5) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 3 Turdus helleri Teita Olive Thrush - + - - + - + 0 3 3
LESOTHO Gypaëtus barbatus meridionalis African Lammergeyer(8)+ - - - 0 + + 0 3 4
MADAGASCAR Tachybaptus rufolavatus Alaotra Grebe 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 2 3 Anas bernieri Madagascar Teal 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Uratelornis chimaera Long-tailed Ground - + - - + - + + 4 3 Roller Neodrepanis hypoxantha Small-billed False - + - - + - + + 4 3 Sunbird
MALAWI Falco fasciinucha Teita Falcon (6) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 4 Apus myoptilus Scarce Swift (5) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 3
MOCAMBIQUE Phyllastrephus o. orostruthus Dappled Bulbul (2) 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 4
RHODESIA Falco fasciinucha Teita Falcon (6) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 4 Apus myoptilus Scarce Swift (5) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 3 – 15 –
SOMALIA Francolinus ochropectus Tadjoura Francolin - + - - + - + + 4 3 Streptopelia reichenowi White-winged Dove (2) 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Warsanglia johannis Warsangli Linnet 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 4
SOUTH AFRICA Gypaëtus barbatus meridionalis African Lammergeyer(8)+ - - - 0 + + 0 3 4
TANZANIA Gypaëtus barbatus meridionalis African Lammergeyer(8)+ - - - 0 + + 0 3 4 Falco fasciinucha Teita Falcon (6) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 4 Apus myoptilus Scarce Swift (5) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 3 Phyllastrephus orostruthus amani Dappled Bulbul (2) 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 4
UGANDA Gypaëtus barbatus meridionalis African Lammergeyer(8)+ - - - 0 + + 0 3 4
YEMEN Gypaëtus barbatus meridionalis African Lammergeyer(8)+ - - - 0 + + 0 3 4
ZAMBIA Falco fasciinucha Teita Falcon (6) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 4
E. NEARCTIC REGION
BERMUDA (U.K.) Pterodroma cahow Cahow + - + - - 0 - + 1 1 – 16 –
CANADA Anser albifrons Tule White-fronted 0 0 0 0 + - + - 2 4 gambelli Goose (2) Cygnus buccinator Trumpeter Swan (2) Green sheet 3 Grus americana Whooping Crane (2) + + ------1 1 Limosa haemastica Hudsonian Godwit (2) + - - - 0 0 - + 3 3 Numenius borealis Eskimo Curlew (2) 0 0 0 0 - 0 + + 2 1
MEXICO Anas diazi Mexico Duck (2) - + - + 0 0 0 - 4 3 Oreophasis derbianus Horned Guan (2) + + - - - + + + 2 3 Colinus virginianus ridgwayi Masked Bobwhite - + - - + - + - 4 4 Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha Thick-billed Parrot - + - - + - + + 2 4 Campephilus imperialis Imperial Woodpecker + + - - 0 + + + 1 1 Dendroica chrysoparia Golden-cheeked - + - - - 0 + + 3 3 Warbler (5) Cassidix palustris Slender-billed Grackle - + - - + - + + 1 1
Guadalupe Island Falco sparverius guadalupensis Guadalupe Kestrel 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 Salpinctes obsoletus guadaloupensis Guadalupe Rock Wren - + - - + - + + 2 4 Regulus calendula obscura Guadalupe Kinglet 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 Carpodacus amplus Guadalupe House Finch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Junco insularis Guadalupe Junco 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3
Cozumel Island Crax rubra griscomi Cozumel Curassow + - - - - + + + 2 4
San Benito Island Carpodacus mcgregori McGregor's House 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Finch – 17 –
Socorro Island Thryomanes sissonii Socorro Island Wren 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Mimodes graysoni Socorro Thrasher 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Pipilo erythrophthalmus carmani Rufous-sided Towhee 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4
PRIBILOV ISLANDS (U.S.A.) Troglodytes troglodytes alascensis Pribilov Wren - - - + + - + + 3 4
U.S.A. Anas diazi Mexico Duck (2) - + - + 0 0 0 - 4 3 Anser albifrons gambelli Tule White-fronted 0 0 0 0 + - + - 2 4 Goose (2) Branta canadensis Aleutian Canada leucopareia Goose (2) + - + - 0 0 + - 2 4 Branta canadensis maxima Giant Canada Goose Green sheet 4 Cygnus buccinator Trumpeter Swan (2) Green sheet 3 Gymnogyps californianus California Condor + + - - - + - + 1 1 Haliaeetus leucocephalus leucocephalus Southern Bald Eagle - + - - - 0 - - 3 4 Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus Everglade Kite + + - - - 0 - + 1 2 Tympanuchus cupido Attwater's Prairie attwateri Chicken - + + - - 0 + - 2 4 Tympanuchus cupido Greater Prairie pinnatus Chicken - + - - - 0 - - 2 4 Grus americana Whooping Crane (2) + + ------1 1 Grus canadensis pratensis Florida Sandhill + + - + - 0 - - 3 4 Crane Rallus longirostris yumanensis Yuma Clapper Rail - + - - - 0 - + 2 2 Limosa haemastica Hudsonian Godwit (2) + - - - 0 0 - + 3 3 Numenius borealis Eskimo Curlew 0 0 0 0 - 0 + + 2 1 Campephilus p. principalis Ivory-billed - + - - - 0 + + 1 2 Woodpecker Dendroica chrysoparia Golden-cheeked - + - - - 0 + + 3 3 Warbler (5) – 18 –
Dendroiaa kirtlandii Kirtland's Warbler(2) - + - - - 0 - + 3 3 Vermivora bachmanii Bachman's Warbler (2) - + - - - 0 0 + 1 1 Ammospiza mirabilis Cape Sable Sparrow - + - + - 0 - + 3 3 Ammospiza nigrescens Dusky Seaside Sparrow - + + - - - - + 2 3 Passerculus princeps Ipswich Sparrow - + - - - 0 - + 3 3
F. NEOTROPICAL REGION
ANTILLES (GENERAL) Dendrocygna arborea Cuban Tree Duck (2) + - - - + - + 0 4 3
ARGENTINA Compsospiza baeri Baer's Mountain Finch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Falco kreyenborgi Kleinschmidt's Falcon 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Fulica cornuta Horned Coot (3) 0 0 0 0 + - + - 3 3 Asthenes sclateri Sclater's Spinetail 0 0 0 0 + - + + 3 3
BAHAMAS (U.K.) Dendrocygna arborea Cuban Tree Duck (2) + - - - + - + 0 4 3 Dendroica kirtlandii Kirtland's Warbler (2)- + - - - 0 0 + 3 3
Abaco Island Melanerpes superciliaris (Abaco) Red-bellied blakei Woodpecker 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4
Grand Bahama Island Melanerpes superciliaris (Grand Bahama) Red- bahamensis bellied Woodpecker 0 0 0 + 0 0 0 0 4 4
Inagua Island Amazona leucocephala bahamensis Bahamas Parrot 0 + 0 0 - + + 0 2 4 – 19 –
San Salvador Island Melanerpes superciliaris (Watling Island) Ked- nyeanus bellied Woodpecker 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4
BARBADOS (U.K.) Dendroica petecfaia Barbados Yellow petechia Warbler - - - + 0 0 + + 2 4
BOLIVIA Compsospiza garleppi Garlepp's Mountain 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Finch Rollandia micropterum Titicaca Grebe(2) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 2 3 Fulica cornuta Horned Coot (3) 0 0 0 0 + - + - 3 3
BRAZIL Myrmotherula erythronotos Red-rumped Ant Thrush 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Paroaria baeri Baer's Cardinal 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3
Fernando de Noronha Island Vireo gracilirostris Slender-billed Vireo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3
CHILE Fulica cornuta Horned Coot (3) 0 0 0 0 + - + - 3 3
Juan Fernandez Island Aphrastura masafuerae Masafuera Creeper 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3
COLOMBIA Crypturellus casiquiare Barred Tinamou (2) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Podiceps andinus Andean Eared Grebe + 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Micropanyptila furcata furcata Pygmy Swift (2) 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Tangavius armenti (Colombian) Red-eyed 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Cowbird
Tumaco Island Sporophila insulata Tumaco Seedeater 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 – 20 –
COSTA RICA
Cocos Island Pinaroloxias inornata Cocos Island Finch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Coccyzus minor ferrugineus Cocos Mangrove Cuckoo 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 Nesotriccus ridgwayi Cocos Island Flycatcher 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Dendroica petechia aureola Cocos Yellow Warbler 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4
CUBA Accipiter gundlachi Gundlach's Hawk + + - - 0 0 + 0 2 3 Chondrohierax wilsonii Cuba Hook-billed Kite - + - - 0 0 + + 2 1 Grus canadensis nesiotes Cuba Sandhill Crane + + - - + - + + 2 4 Cyanolimnas cerverai Zapata Rail - + - - + - + + 2 4 Campephilus principalis Cuban Ivory-billed bairdii Woodpecker + + - - 0 0 - + 1 2 Nesoceleus fernandinae Fernandina's Flicker - + - - + - + + 4 3 Ferminia cerverai Zapata Wren - + - - + - + + 3 3 Myadestes elisabeth Isle of Pines Solitaire - + - - 0 0 + + 3 4 retrusus Vermivora bachmanii Bachman's Warbler (2) - + - - - 0 - + l l Torreornis i. inexpectata Zapata Sparrow - + - - + - + 0 4 4 Torreornis i. sigmani Desert Zapata Sparrow - + - - + - + 0 4 4
DOMINICA ISLANDS (U.K.) Amazona imperialis Imperial Parrot + + - - 0 0 + - 4 3
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC Siphonorhis americanus Hispaniola Least 0 0 + 0 0 0 + + 3 4 brewsteri Pauraque
GRAND CAYMAN (U.K.) Turdus ravidus Grand Cayman Thrust - + - - 0 0 0 0 1 1 – 21 –
GRENADA (U.K.) Chondrohierax uncinatus Grenada Hook-billed mirus Kite + + - + 0 0 + + 1 2 Leptotila wellsi - + - + + - + + 1 1 Grenada Dove Empidonax euleri johnstonei - + 0 0 + + 1 1 Euler's Flycatcher
GUATEMALA Podilymbus gigas Giant Pied-billed Grebe + + + - - + 0 + 1 1 Oreophasis derbianus Horned Guan (2) + + - - - + + + 2 3 Dendroica chrysoparia Golden-cheeked Warbler(5) - + - - - + + + 3 3
HAITI Pterodroma hasitata Diablotin Green sheet 3
HONDURAS Dendroica chrysoparia Golden-cheeked Warbler(5) - + - - - + + + 3 3
JAMAICA (U.K.) Laterallus janisicensis jamaicensis Jamaican Black Rail - - + - - 0 + + 3 4
MARTINIQUE (FRANCE) Cinclocerthia ruficauda Martinique Brown gutturalis Trembler + + + - + - + + 1 2 Ramphocinclus b. Martinique White-breasted brachyurus Thrasher - - + - + - + + 1 2
NICARAGUA Dendroica chrysoparia Golden-cheeked Warbler(5) - + - - - + + + 3 3 Cassidix nicaraguensis Nicaragua Grackle 0 0 0 0 + - + 0 4 3
PERU Crypturellus a. atrocapillus Black-headed Tinamou 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 Podiceps taczanowskii Junin Grebe + 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Rollandia micropterum Titicaca Grebe (2) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 2 3 – 22 –
PUERTO RICO (U.S.A.) Columba inornata Puerto Rico Plain wetmorei Pigeon + + - - + - + + 1 2 Amazona vittata Puerto Rico Parrot + + + + + - - - 3 3 Asio flammeus Puerto Rico Short-eared portoricensis Owl - - + - 0 0 + + 2 4 Caprimulgus noctitherus Puerto Rico Whippoorwill - - + - 0 0 + + 2 1
ST. LUCIA (U.K.) Amazona versicolor St. Lucia Parrot + + - - - + + - 4 3 Troglodytes aëdon mesoleuous St. Lucia Wren - - + - 0 0 + 0 l 2 Ramphocinclus brachyurus St. Lucia White-breasted sanctae-luciae Thrasher - - + - 0 0 + + 1 2 Leucopeza semperi Semper's Warbler 0 0 + 0 0 0 + + 1 1
ST. VINCENT (U.K.) Amazona guildingii St. Vincent Parrot + + - - - + + - 4 3 Troglodytes aëdon musicus St. Vincent Wren + - + - 0 0 + 0 l 2 Myadestes genibarbis sibilans St. Vincent Thrush 0 0 + 0 0 0 + + 3 4
TRINIDAD (U.K.) Pipile pipile pipile White-headed Curassow + - - - - + + + 2 4
VENEZUELA Crypturellus casiquiare Barred Tinamou (2) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Micropanyptila f. furcata Pygmy Swift (2) 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 4
VIRGIN ISLANDS (U.S.A.) Otus nudipes newtoni Virgin Islands Screech 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 Owl – 23 –
G. OCEANS AND OCEANIC ISLANDS
SOUTH ATLANTIC OCEAN
ASCENSION ISLAND (U.K.) Fregata aquila Ascension Frigate Bird Green sheet 4
TRISTAN DA CUNHA GROUP (U.K.)
Tristan Island Nesocichla e. eremita Tristan Starchy (3) - - + - 0 0 + + 3 4
Inaccessible Island Nesocichla eremita gordoni Tristan Starchy (3) - - + - 0 0 + + 3 4 Nesospiza acunhae acunhae Tristan Bunting (2) - - + - 0 0 + + 4 4 Nesospiza wilkinsi dunnei Wilkins' Bunting (2) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 4
Nightingale Island Nesocichla eremita procax Tristan Starchy (3) - - + - 0 0 + + 3 4 Nesospiza acunhae questi Tristan Bunting (2) - - + - 0 0 + + 4 4 Nesospiza w. wilkinsi Wilkins' Bunting (2) 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 4
INDIAN OCEAN
COMORO GROUP (FRANCE) Accipiter francesii Anjouan Island Sparrow pusillus Hawk + + - - 0 0 + + 1 2 Alectroenas sganzini sganzini Comoro Blue Pigeon Green sheet 4 Treron australis griveaudi Moheli Green Pigeon + - - - + - + + 3 4 – 24 –
MAURITIUS ISLAND Falco punctatus Mauritius Kestrel + + - - 0 0 + + 1 1 Nesoenas mayeri Mauritus Pink Pigeon + + - + - + + 0 2 3 Psittacula krameri echo Mauritius Ring-necked - + - - 0 0 + + 1 4 Parakeet Goquus typicus Mauritius Cuckoo-Shrike - + - + - 0 + + 2 3 Hypsipetes borbonicus Mauritius Olivaceous olivaceus Bulbul - + - - + - + + 2 4
REUNION ISLAND Pterodroma aterrima Réunion Petrel 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Circus m. maillardi Reunion Harrier + - - - + - + + 3 4 Coquus newtoni Reunion Cuckoo Shrike 0 0 0 0 - 0 + + 1 1 Hypsipetes b. borbonicus Reunion Olivaceous Bulbul Green sheet 3
RODRIGUEZ ISLAND (U.K.) Bebrornis rodericanus Rodriguez Warbler - + - - + - + + 1 1
SEYCHELLES GROUP (U.K.) Falco araea Seychelles Kestrel + - + - + - + + 1 3 Streptopelia picturata rostrata Seychelles Turtle Dove - - - + + - + 0 4 2 Coracopsis nigra barklyi Seychelles Vasa Parrot 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 2 4 Otus insularis Seychelles Owl 0 + 0 0 + - + + 4 1 Copsychus seychellarum Seychelles Magpie-Robin - - + + 0 0 + 0 1 1 Bebrornis sechellensis Seychelles Warbler - + - + + - + + 1 1 Terpsiphone corvina Seychelles Black Paradise - + + - + - + + 3 3 Flycatcher Foudia sechellarum Seychelles Fody - + + + - 0 + 0 2 3
EAST PACIFIC OCEAN
GALAPAGOS GROUP (ECUADOR) Spheniscus mendiculus Galapagos Penguin + - - + - + + -3 3 Diomedea irrorata Waved Albatross Green sheet 4 – 25 –
Nannopterum harrisi Galapagos Flightless + - - + - + + 0 3 l Cormorant Buteo Kalapagoensis Galapagos Buzzard + - - - + - + + 2 3 Nesomimus t. trifasciatus Charles Island 0 0 0 0 - 0 + - 3 4 Mockingbird Geospiza m. magnirostris Charles Island Ground 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 Finch
NORTHEAST PACIFIC OCEAN
HAWAIIAN GROUP (U.S.A.) Puffinus puffinus Newell's Shearwater - - + - + - + + 4 4 newelli Anas laysanensis Laysan Duck 0 0 0 0 - + - - 2 3 Anas platyrhynchos wyvilliana Hawaiian Duck + + + - 0 0 + - l 4 Branta sandvicensis Hawaiian Goose + + - - - 0 + - 3 3 Buteo solltarius Hawaiian Buzzard + - - - + - + - 2 3 Gallinula chloropus sandvicensis Hawaiian Gallinule - + + - + - + 0 2 4 Himantopus himantopus knudseni Hawaiian Stilt + + + - - 0 + + 4 4 Corvus tropicus Hawaiian Grow 0 0 0 0 - 0 + + 1 1 Phaeornis obscurus myadestina Kauai Thrush - + - - + - + 0 2 4 Phaeornis o. obscurus Hawaia Thrush - + - - + - - + 4 4 Phaeornis palmeri Puaiohi - + - + + - + + 1 1 Acrocephalus kingi Nihoa Miller-bird 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 3 Moho braccatus Kauai Oo + + - - 0 0 + + 1 1 Hemignathus lucidus hanapepe Nukupuu - + - + - 0 + + 1 2 Hemignathus procerus Kauai Akialoa - + - + 0 0 + + 1 1 Hemignathus wilsoni Hawaiian Nukupuu - + + - 0 0 + + 2 3 Loxops maculata bairdii Kauai Alauwahio - + - - + - + + 4 4 Loxops maculata flammea Molokai Creeper 0 + 0 0 + - + + 1 2 – 26 –
Loxops m. maculata Oahu Creeper - + - - + - + + 4 4 Loxops maculata newtoni Maui Creeper - + - - + - + + 4 2 Palmeria dolei Crested Honeycreeper - + - - + - + + 4 3 Pseudonestor xanthophrys Maui Parrotbill - + - + + - + + 4 3 Psittirostra bailleui Palila - + + - + - + + 4 3 Psittirostra c. cantans Laysan Finch-Bill Green sheet 4 Psittirostra cantans ultima Nihoa Finch-Bill Green sheet 4 Psittirostra psittacea Ou + + + + + - + + 1 1
NORTHWEST PACIFIC OCEAN
CAROLINE ISLANDS (U.S.A.) Aplonis pelzelni Ponapé Mountain Starling 0000000043 Metabolus rugensis Truk Monarch + - - - + - + + 4 3 Rukia ruki Truk Great White-Eye - + + - + - + + 4 3 Rukia sanfordi Ponapé Great White-Eye + + + - + - + + 4 3
MARIANAS ISLANDS (U.S.A.) Megapodius l. lapérouse Marianas Megapode + + - - + - + + 4 4 Monarcha takasukasae Tinian Monarch + - - - + - + + 4 1
NAURU ISLAND (AUSTRALIA) Acrocephalus luscinia Nauru Nightingale rehsei Warbler - + - - + - + + 2 4
PALAU ISLANDS (U.S.A.) Megapodius lapérouse senex Palau Megapode + + - - + + + + 4 4 Gallicolumba canifrons Palau Ground Dove 0 0 0 0 + - + 0 2 3 Otus podargina Palau Owl - + - - + - + + 4 3 Rhipidura lepida Palau Fantail - + - - + + + + 4 3 – 27 –
SOUTHEAST PACIFIC OCEAN
MARQUESAS ISLANDS (FRANCE) Vini ultramarina Ultramarine Lory 0000000 043 Gallicolumba rubescens Marquesas Ground Dove 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 3
SAMOA ISLANDS (NEW ZEALAND) (Upolu I. and Savaii I.) Didunculus striKirostris Tooth-billed Pigeon + - + - + - + 0 4 3
SOCIETY ISLANDS (FRANCE) Vini peruviana Tahiti Blue Lory (2) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Pomarea nigra nigra Tahiti Flycatcher - + + - 0 0 + + 3 2
TONGA ISLANDS (U.K.) Megapodius pritchardii Pritchard's Megapode 0 0 0 0 0 0 + + 4 3
TUAMOTU ISLANDS (FRANCE) Nesophylax ater Henderson Island Rail 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Vini peruviana Tahiti Blue Lory (2) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3
SOUTHWEST PACIFIC OCEAN
ANTIPODES ISLANDS (NEW ZEALAND) Coenocorypha aucklandica Antipodes Islands Snipe(5)+ - + - - 0 + + 4 4 meinertzhagenae Cyanoramphus unicolor Antipodes Island Parakeet 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3
AUCKLAND ISLANDS (NEW ZEALAND) Anas aucklandica Auckland Island Flight- aucklandica less Teal - - + - - 0 + 0 4 4 Rallus pectoralis muelleri Auckland Island Rail - + + - + - + + l 4 Coenocorypha a. aucklandica Auckland Island Snipe (5) + - + - - 0 + + 4 4 – 28 –
CAMPBELL ISLAND (NEW ZEALAND) Anas aucklandica Campbell Island Flight- nesiotis less Teal 0 0 0 0 - 0 + + 1 2
CHATHAM ISLANDS (NEW ZEALAND) Gallirallus australis hectori Weka + + + - - 0 + - 4 4 Thinornis novae- New Zealand Shore Plover - + + + - 0 + + 3 3 seelandiae Coenocorypha aucklandica pusilla Chatham Island Snipe (5) + - + - - 0 + + 4 4 Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae chathamensis Chatham Island Pigeon + + - - - 0 + 0 4 4 Cyanoramphus auriceps forbesi Forbes' Parakeet - + - - - 0 + - 2 4 Petroica traversi Chatham Island Robin - + - + - 0 + + 4 l Prosthemadera novae- seelandiae chathamensis - + - - - 0 + + 3 4
FIJI ISLANDS (U.K.) Pterodroma macgillivrayi Macgillivray's Petrel 0 0 0 0 + - + + 4 4 Prosopeia personata Masked Parakeet - - + - 0 0 + + 4 3 Erythrura kleinschmidti Pink-billed Parrot Finch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3
LORD HOWE ISLAND (AUSTRALIA) Tricholimnas sylvestris Lord Howe Wood Rail + - + - + - + + 4 3
LOYALTY ISLANDS (FRANCE) Eunymphicus cornutus uvaeensis Loyalty Islands Parakeet 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 (2)
NEW CALEDONIA (FRANCE) Rhynoehetos jubatus Kagu + + + - - 0 + - 2 3 Drepanoptila holosericea Cloven-feathered Dove + + - + - + + + 2 3 Ducula goliath Giant Imperial Pigeon + + - - + + + - 2 3 Eunymphicus c. cornutus Horned Parakeet (2) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 – 29 –
NORFOLK ISLAND (AUSTRALIA) Aplonis f. fuscus Norfolk Island Starling 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 Turdus p. poliocephalus Grey-headed Blackbird 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 Cyanoramphus novae- zelandiae cookii Norfolk Island Parakeet
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 4 SNARES ISLAND (NEW ZEALAND) Coenocorypha aucklandica huegeli Snares Island Snipe (5)
+ - + - - 0 + + 4 4 SOLOMON ISLANDS (U.K.) Edithornis silvestris San Christobal Mountain 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 3 Rail