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Making the State on the Sino-Tibetan Frontier: Chinese Expansion and Local Power in Batang, 1842-1939
Making the State on the Sino-Tibetan Frontier: Chinese Expansion and Local Power in Batang, 1842-1939 William M. Coleman, IV Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences Columbia University 2014 © 2013 William M. Coleman, IV All rights reserved Abstract Making the State on the Sino-Tibetan Frontier: Chinese Expansion and Local Power in Batang, 1842-1939 William M. Coleman, IV This dissertation analyzes the process of state building by Qing imperial representatives and Republican state officials in Batang, a predominantly ethnic Tibetan region located in southwestern Sichuan Province. Utilizing Chinese provincial and national level archival materials and Tibetan language works, as well as French and American missionary records and publications, it explores how Chinese state expansion evolved in response to local power and has three primary arguments. First, by the mid-nineteenth century, Batang had developed an identifiable structure of local governance in which native chieftains, monastic leaders, and imperial officials shared power and successfully fostered peace in the region for over a century. Second, the arrival of French missionaries in Batang precipitated a gradual expansion of imperial authority in the region, culminating in radical Qing military intervention that permanently altered local understandings of power. While short-lived, centrally-mandated reforms initiated soon thereafter further integrated Batang into the Qing Empire, thereby -
Taiping Rebellion PMUNC 2017
Taiping Rebellion PMUNC 2017 Princeton Model United Nations Conference 2017 The Taiping Rebellion Chair: Nicholas Wu Director: [Name] 1 Taiping Rebellion PMUNC 2017 CONTENTS Letter from the Chair……………………………………………………………… 3 The Taiping Rebellion:.…………………………………………………………. 4 History of the Topic………………………………………………………… 4 Current Status……………………………………………………………….7 Country Policy……………………………………………………………… 9 Keywords…………………………………………………………………...11 Questions for Consideration………………………………………………...12 Positions:.………………………………………………………………………. 14 2 Taiping Rebellion PMUNC 2017 LETTER FROM THE CHAIR Dear Delegates, Welcome to PMUNC 2017! This will be my fourth and final PMUNC. My name is Nicholas Wu, and I’m a senior in the Woodrow Wilson School, pursuing certificates in American Studies and East Asian Studies. It’s my honor to chair this year’s crisis committee on the Taiping Rebellion. It’s a conflict that fascinates me. The Taiping Rebellion was the largest civil war in human history, but it barely receives any attention in your standard world history class. Which is a shame — it’s a multilayered conflict. There are ethnic, economic, and religious issues at play, as well as significant foreign involvement. I hope that you all find it as interesting as I do. On campus, I’m currently figuring out how to write my thesis, and I’m pretty sure that I’m going to be researching the implementation of Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA). I’m also involved with the International Relations Council, the Daily Princetonian, the Asian American Students Association, and Princeton Advocates for Justice. I also enjoy cooking. Best of luck at the conference! Please don’t hesitate to reach out if you have any questions. You can email me anytime at [email protected]. -
A Garrison in Time Saves Nine
1 A Garrison in Time Saves Nine: Frontier Administration and ‘Drawing In’ the Yafahan Orochen in Late Qing Heilongjiang Loretta E. Kim The University of Hong Kong [email protected] Abstract In 1882 the Qing dynasty government established the Xing’an garrison in Heilongjiang to counteract the impact of Russian exploration and territorial expansion into the region. The Xing’an garrison was only operative for twelve years before closing down. What may seem to be an unmitigated failure of military and civil administrative planning was in fact a decisive attempt to contend with the challenges of governing borderland people rather than merely shoring up physical territorial limits. The Xing’an garrison arose out of the need to “draw in” the Yafahan Orochen population, one that had developed close relations with Russians through trade and social interaction. This article demonstrates that while building a garrison did not achieve the intended goal of strengthening control over the Yafahan Orochen, it was one of several measures the Qing employed to shape the human frontier in this critical borderland. Keywords 1 2 Butha, Eight Banners, frontier administration, Heilongjiang, Orochen Introduction In 1882, the Heilongjiang general’s yamen began setting up a new garrison. This milestone was distinctive because 150 years had passed since the last two were established, which had brought the actual total of garrisons within Heilongjiang to six.. The new Xing’an garrison (Xing’an cheng 興安城) would not be the last one built before the end of the Qing dynasty (1644-1911) but it was notably short-lived, in operation for only twelve years before being dismantled. -
The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933
The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933 The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Schluessel, Eric T. 2016. The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33493602 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933 A dissertation presented by Eric Tanner Schluessel to The Committee on History and East Asian Languages in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History and East Asian Languages Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts April, 2016 © 2016 – Eric Schluessel All rights reserved. Dissertation Advisor: Mark C. Elliott Eric Tanner Schluessel The Muslim Emperor of China: Everyday Politics in Colonial Xinjiang, 1877-1933 Abstract This dissertation concerns the ways in which a Chinese civilizing project intervened powerfully in cultural and social change in the Muslim-majority region of Xinjiang from the 1870s through the 1930s. I demonstrate that the efforts of officials following an ideology of domination and transformation rooted in the Chinese Classics changed the ways that people associated with each other and defined themselves and how Muslims understood their place in history and in global space. -
Warlord Era” in Early Republican Chinese History
Mutiny in Hunan: Writing and Rewriting the “Warlord Era” in Early Republican Chinese History By Jonathan Tang A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Professor Wen-hsin Yeh, Chair Professor Peter Zinoman Professor You-tien Hsing Summer 2019 Mutiny in Hunan: Writing and Rewriting the “Warlord Era” in Early Republican Chinese History Copyright 2019 By Jonathan Tang Abstract Mutiny in Hunan: Writing and Rewriting the “Warlord Era” in Early Republican Chinese History By Jonathan Tang Doctor of Philosophy in History University of California, Berkeley Professor Wen-hsin Yeh, Chair This dissertation examines a 1920 mutiny in Pingjiang County, Hunan Province, as a way of challenging the dominant narrative of the early republican period of Chinese history, often called the “Warlord Era.” The mutiny precipitated a change of power from Tan Yankai, a classically trained elite of the pre-imperial era, to Zhao Hengti, who had undergone military training in Japan. Conventional histories interpret this transition as Zhao having betrayed his erstwhile superior Tan, epitomizing the rise of warlordism and the disintegration of traditional civilian administration; this dissertation challenges these claims by showing that Tan and Zhao were not enemies in 1920, and that no such betrayal occurred. These same histories also claim that local governance during this period was fundamentally broken, necessitating the revolutionary party-state of the KMT and CCP to centralize power and restore order. Though this was undeniably a period of political turmoil, with endemic low-level armed conflict, this dissertation juxtaposes unpublished material with two of the more influential histories of the era to show how this narrative has been exaggerated to serve political aims. -
On Peasant Uprising in History and Modern Folk Literature
Arts and Humanities Open Access Journal Research Note Open Access On peasant uprising in history and modern folk literature Abstract Volume 2 Issue 6 - 2018 As for the peasant uprisings in history, we put more emphasis on the pursuit of truth, insisted that the masses were an important driving force for the development of social history, and Gao Youpeng Shanghai highly praised all peasant uprisings for quite a long time, which naturally had sufficient School of Humanities, Jiao Tong University, China reasons. Therefore, we intentionally or unintentionally avoid or ignore their negative impact on social development. For a time, the important mass struggles such as the Taiping Correspondence: Gao Youpeng, School of Humanities, Rebellion, the Nianjun Rebellion, and the Boxer Rebellion, which appeared in the history of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China, Email modern Chinese society, made unrealistic elevation and deification, and in fact violated the reality of historical development. In recent years, there has been an anti-historical tradition Received: October 24, 2018 | Published: November 28, 2018 of theoretical thought, completely obliterate the historical achievements of these peasant uprisings in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. It completely put aside the specific conditions of social and historical development, and unreasonably asked the peasants in history to show their ideological realm beyond the reality of the times, which is in itself a disregard of the reality of historical development. Introduction modern people, was artificially fabricated. This is a fairly common social and cultural phenomenon, which violates not only historical To deal with the issue of historical development, we should truth, but also the basic principle of faithful record in the collection and emphasize the important role played by history by the masses. -
Religious Revival in the Tibetan Borderlands: the Premi of Southwest China by Koen Wellens Religious Revival in the Tibetan Borderlands
studies on ethnic groups in china Stevan Harrell, Editor studies on ethnic groups in china Cultural Encounters on China’s Ethnic Frontiers edited by Stevan Harrell Guest People: Hakka Identity in China and Abroad edited by Nicole Constable Familiar Strangers: A History of Muslims in Northwest China by Jonathan N. Lipman Lessons in Being Chinese: Minority Education and Ethnic Identity in Southwest China by Mette Halskov Hansen Manchus and Han: Ethnic Relations and Political Power in Late Qing and Early Republican China, 1861–1928 by Edward J. M. Rhoads Ways of Being Ethnic in Southwest China by Stevan Harrell Governing China’s Multiethnic Frontiers edited by Morris Rossabi On the Margins of Tibet: Cultural Survival on the Sino-Tibetan Frontier by Åshild Kolås and Monika P. Thowsen The Art of Ethnography: A Chinese “Miao Album” Translation by David M. Deal and Laura Hostetler Doing Business in Rural China: Liangshan’s New Ethnic Entrepreneurs by Thomas Heberer Communist Multiculturalism: Ethnic Revival in Southwest China by Susan K. McCarthy Religious Revival in the Tibetan Borderlands: The Premi of Southwest China by Koen Wellens Religious Revival in the Tibetan Borderlands the premi of southwest china koen wellens university of washington press seattle and london Religious Revival in the Tibetan Borderlands is published with the assistance of a grant from the University of Oslo and the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Additional support was provided by the Donald R. Ellegood International Publications Endowment. © 2010 by the University of Washington Press Designed by Pamela Canell Typeset in Minion Pro Printed in the United States of America 16 14 12 11 10 5 4 3 2 1 All rights reserved. -
Università Ca'foscari Di Venezia
Università Ca’Foscari di Venezia Department of Linguistics and Comparative Cultural Studies Master Thesis In Comparative International Relations The Introduction of liberal and liberalism theories in China during the Late Qing dynasty: 1800-1912. Author: Supervisor: Jean-Baptiste Desplanches Pr. Rosa Caroli November 2020 Abstract: Trattare dell’impianto delle idee liberaliste in Cina richiede di passare in rassegna i diversi elementi che hanno costruto l’Impero Cinese, fino al periodo studiato in questo lavoro. Infatti, il regno Manchu nell’epoca tarda della Dinastia dei Qing, le sue reazioni verso gli eventi e incontri del XIX secolo e le trasformazioni che ne derivano, devono essere affrontate atraverso l’osservazione dell eredità lasciata dalle dinastie precedenti. Tuttavia, l’obbietivo di qesta tesi non si può permettere un riassunto completo del colossale patrimonio storico-culturale Cinese che si protrae su più di 2000 anni. L’obbietivo principale di questo lavoro sarà di affrontare, attraverso lo studio delle politiche interne Cinese nonché le relazioni internazionali tra l’Asia Orientale e l’Occidente del XIX secolo, le tappe necessarie all’introduzione delle teorie del Liberalismo in Cina. Un altro scopo sarà l’influenza che l’introduzione da queste teorie hanno avuto e l’uso che ne ha fato il governo e la gentry Imperiale, come pure gli intelletuali. La discussione di questo lavoro seguirà la cronologia degli eventi successi in Cina dal inizio del diciannovesimo secolo alla proclamazione della prima reppublica Cinese in 1912. Certo le relazioni internazionali tra l’Asia Orientale e l’Occidente sono molto più vecchie, ma per evitare una dispersione fuori argomento, definire un ambito temporale tra 1800 e 1912 sta essenziale per studiare il contesto storico nel qual si collegano gli eventi e idei che hanno traversato il declino della dinastia Qing. -
ZENG Guofan Zēng Guófán 曾国藩 1811–1872 Qing Government Official
◀ Y Comprehensive index starts in volume 5, page 2667. ZENG Guofan Zēng Guófán 曾国藩 1811–1872 Qing government official Zeng Guofan was a leading government of- to coordinate the military campaign against the Taip- ficial during the mid-nineteenth century ing rebels. Together with the armies of Li Hongzhang who initiated the decentralization of power and Zuo Zongtang, Zeng captured the city on 19 July and the rise in influence of regional officials 1864, bringing to an end the devastating rebellion. For his role in suppressing the Taiping rebels, Zeng Guofan that took place during the final decades of was awarded the title of “marquis of the first class.” He the Qing dynasty (1644– 1912). He is best was the first civil official to receive this honor. known for his role in suppressing the Taip- After the Taiping Rebellion Zeng returned to Nan- ing Rebellion (1850– 1864) and for his efforts jing to take up his post as governor-general. He initiated to modernize China’s military and improve a number of policies aimed at inspiring obedience to its industrial capabilities. local and central authorities. He opened printing of- fices to republish classical Confucian texts and rein- stated the provincial examinations at Nanjing. In 1865 he established the Jiangnan Arsenal in Shanghai to eng Guofan (Tseng Kuo-fan) was born in Xi- produce modern weapons and gunboats. In addition angxiang, Hunan Province. He received the to manufacturing rifles, ammunition, cannons, and jinshi (advanced scholar) degree at the age of steamships, it housed a school for training technicians twenty-seven (1838) and was appointed to the presti- and translators. -
Chinese Officers, the United States and a Failure of Army Building, 1942-1955
Professional Hubris: Chinese Officers, the United States and a Failure of Army Building, 1942-1955 by Eric Setzekorn M.A. in International Affairs, May 2005, Troy University B.A. in History, August 2001, University of California, Berkeley B.A. in Political Science, August 2001, University of California, Berkeley A Dissertation submitted to The Faculty of the Columbian College of Arts and Sciences of The George Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy January 31, 2014 Dissertation directed by Edward McCord Associate Professor of History and International Affairs The Columbian College of Arts and Sciences certifies the Eric Setzekorn has passed the Final Examination for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy as of August 27, 2013. This is the final and approved form of the dissertation. Professional Hubris: Chinese Officers, the United States and a Failure of Army Building, 1942-1955 Eric Setzekorn Dissertation Research Committee: Edward A. McCord, Associate Professor of History and International Affairs, Dissertation Director C. Thomas Long, Assistant Professor of History, Committee Member Gregg A. Brazinsky, Associate Professor of History and International Affairs, Committee Member ii © Copyright 2013 by Eric Setzekorn All Rights Reserved iii Acknowledgments It is a great pleasure to recognize some of the special people who have helped, supported and assisted with my research over the past several years. The George Washington history department has been a wonderful place to work and study. My dissertation committee has been exceedingly helpful throughout the research, writing and revision process. My primary advisor, Edward McCord, has been a pillar of wisdom and reviewed draft after draft of my work. -
Chinas Last Empire the Great Qing 1St Edition Pdf, Epub, Ebook
CHINAS LAST EMPIRE THE GREAT QING 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK William T Rowe | 9780674066243 | | | | | Chinas Last Empire The Great Qing 1st edition PDF Book Ta 2 Ch'ing 1. Cuisine aroused a cultural pride in the richness of a long and varied past. Imperial China, — Fairbank, John K. British soldiers, using advanced muskets and artillery, easily outmanoeuvred and outgunned Qing forces in ground battles. However, the success of the Yongying system led to its becoming a permanent regional force within the Qing military, which in the long run created problems for the beleaguered central government. The revolution used to be a history turning event whose importance and significance couldn't be overstated. Banner Armies were organized along ethnic lines, namely Manchu and Mongol, but included non-Manchu bondservants registered under the household of their Manchu masters. However, throughout the Qing dynasty, the emperor and his court, as well as the bureaucracy, worked towards reducing the distinctions between the debased and free but did not completely succeed even at the end of its era in merging the two classifications together. However Japan threatened to enter the war against China due to the Gapsin Coup and China chose to end the war with negotiations. Harvard University Press. Cixi sided with the Boxers and was decisively defeated by the eight invading powers, leading to the flight of the Imperial Court to Xi'an. Nurhaci also created the civil and military administrative system that eventually evolved into the Eight Banners , the defining element of Manchu identity and the foundation for transforming the loosely-knitted Jurchen tribes into a single nation. -
The Culture of War in China: Empire and the Military Under the Qing
The Culture of War in China The Culture of War in China Empire and the Military under the Qing Dynasty JOANNA WALEY-COHEN I.B.Tauris Publishers LONDON • NEW YORK Contents List of Illustrations vii List of Maps ix Preface xi 1 Military Culture and the Qing Empire 1 Wen and Wu 3 The New Qing History 5 The Militarization of Culture 13 The Phases of the Qing Imperial Project 17 The First Phase, 1636-1681 17 The Second Phase, 1681-1760 19 The Transition Years, 1749-1760 20 The Third Phase, 1760-1799 21 2 Commemorating War 23 Stelae Inscriptions 26 Rituals as Commemoration 38 War Illustrations, Portraits, and other Commemorative Paintings 41 The Documentary Record 45 Conclusion 46 3 Religion, War, and Empire-Building 48 Religion under the Qing 49 Qing Emperors and Tibetan-Buddhism 51 The Second Jinchuan War 55 Magic and War 57 After the War 61 Conclusion 65 vi THE CULTURE OF WAR IN CHINA 4 Military Ritual and the Qing Empire 66 Grand Inspections (DayueDayue) 71 Dispatching Generals Embarking on Campaign (MingjiangMingjiang) 75 Welcoming a Victorious Army upon Return (JiaolaoJiaolao) 77 The Presentation and Reception of Captives (xianfuxianfu, shoufu) 80 The Autumn Hunts at Mulan 83 Documenting and Disseminating Military Ritual 84 Conclusion 87 5 Changing Spaces of Empire 89 The Qing Promotion of Martial Values 90 Militarizing Government Culture and Institutions 93 The Eight Banners 97 Militarization of the Landscape 99 Conclusion 106 6 Conclusion 108 Notes 113 Bibliography 137 Index 149 List of Illustrations Cover The Qianlong emperor hunting, accompanied by a female attendant.