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SAN FRANCISCO CABRILLO CIVIC CLUB FIRST ANNIVERSARY . CllrY-COUNTY rRECOrRD EDITION JANUARY, 1935 Volume 3, Number 1 Price One Dollar

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FOR over forty years the GLOBE "Al" trademark has been a guarantee of "Al" quality •.• a guarantee of "Al" cooking and baking results, to California housewives. All six of the Globe Mills are behind this guarantee. And remember, every time you buy a GLOBE "Al" product you contribute to the prosperity of agriculture, industry and employment in your own state. Be sure you buy GLOBE ''Al" ••. there is nothing "just as good"! GLOBE MILLS- CALIFORNIA SAN FRANCISCO CITY-COUNTY RECORD "We'll call a spade a spade"

VoLuME 3, No. l SAN FRANCISCO, JANUARY, 1935 Price One Dollar ...... , ··-

PORTUGAL • • • The Paradise of Comparatively little known as yet, offers everything that can interest the international tourist, the student, or the seeker of health. Unrivaled scenery, unique climate, and a wealth of monuments and works of art.

ITUATED in the extreme south it is the country of the great naviga­ mains of the Celtiberians, Romans. gone ages. The pottery and other S west of Europe, Portugal has an tors. Monuments and works of art Goths and who held this coun­ household implements, ranging from area of 38,465 square miles with testify thi·s glorious past, and a short try in succession. the most primitive stone tools down to a population of 6,825,883 inhabitants. study of the arts of the country will From the Celtiberians we po s se s~ the copper and iron ages, found on the The Portuguese has afford some insight into the character not only the "Cromlechs" and "Men· spot, are exhibited and kept in the an area of 802,925 square miles, mak­ and ideals of its people. The magnifi­ hirs," but perfect townships, whicr Archeological Museum, at the anc~ent ing Portugal the fourth Colonial cent monuments of Belem, Thomar have been brought to sight by recent capital of Guimaraes. Power. and Batalha are specimens of that excavations, showing perfectly pre­ The Romans held the Iberian penin­ Portugal offers everything that can era, and besides there still exist some served conic stone huts, and man3 sula in their feud for many centuries, interest and please the international most wonderful and interesting re- "tlther interesting features of long by- and so it comes that the whole country tourist-a temperate climate with al­ is full of their relics, temples, (like most constant sunshine in a beautiful those at Evora and Estoy), aqueducts, clear blue sky, a rich variety of charm­ towers and fortifications are to be ing landscapes, delightful streams and fo und everywhere. The sway of the rivers winding through innumerable Goths was destructive, and little re­ valleys, which stretch in a riot of mains of their passage. They de­ luxuriant vegetation to the very bor­ stroyed the Roman civilization, but in ders of the Atlantic. their turn were utterly annihilated by the following Moorish invasion. The Superior Tourist R esort Arab ~ left here.- ~ ·., "J;,'~,'-!'"::....-t, :;.~•:.:'r;..,. ___._.-:, P ortugal as a tourist resort, is very marks, not only by monuments of m~~ little known as yet, although there are surpassing beauty but also their tra- many points of interest to be visited, ditions and customs. In the southern not to speak of its lovely scenery and parts of the country, the Moorish cus- of its unique climate, unrivalled in toms prevail to a great extent today. Europe, due chiefly to the prevalence of the Gulf Stream. Era of Epic Feats The geographical situation of the The following Christian era is full land, as part of the , of the epic feats of the chivalrous sloping down from the Spanish high culminating in the recon­ plateau to the Atlantic seashore, quist of the land from the Arabs, and stretches in a long line from South to after they had vanished from the pen­ North, comprising countless beauty insula, the Christian Princes began to spots, snow-capped mountains, famous struggle amongst themselves for power rivers, lakes and seashores and a and wealth and many an heroic deed highly varied flora and fauna. performed in those ages made up the Portugal is, moreover, richly en­ Portuguese history. The culminating dowed with mineral springs rivalling feature of it however, is the epoch of with the most famous spas such as the great discoveries by sea. The Vichy, Karlsbad, Evian, Vittel, and Portuguese seafarers such as Vasco countless hot and cold sulphur springs. da Gama, Cabral, Diogo Cao and Ma­ Some of these spas are situated amidst galhaes together with Christopher Col­ beautiful scenery,and combine climatic umbus left their mark on the world's and medical advantages. In and about history. many of these noted resorts are found places of deep historic interest. Discoveries Brought Wealth The rounding of the Cape of Good Climate Surpasses Riviera Hope and the discovery of the way to A special feature is the climatic GENERAL CARMONA by brought condition of the country being entirely President of the Republic of Portugal great wealth to Portugal, and subse­ under the influence of the Gulf quently, with increasing prosperity, Stream, so much so, that the climate, General Antonio Oscar de Fragoso Carmona was born in , came the desire of ostentation. Court especially in winter, surpasses the on November 24, 1869. He entered the military service when he was and vied with each other in Riviera and other places known for eighteen years of age. His military career has been always very suc­ the display of riches; great palaces, their mild temperature. The Gulf cessful, both in his examinations ·for promotion in rank, and in the churches and other monuments were Stream strikes the Portuguese coast commands which he has held with a competence and honesty rarely built, and what remains bears testi­ at Figueira, from whence it divides equalled. General Carmona took over the dictatorship of Portugal on mony to the magnificence of that itself into two branches, one over­ July 9, 1926. Since then he, together with Dr. Oliveira Salazar, Secre­ period. sweeps the southern part of the coun­ tary of Finances, has remodelled the national life of Portugal. His Tourists will thus experience many try, and the other the northern part, term will end in , 1935, but the , who revere delights in visiting Portugal, whether so that the climate of the whole coast him so much, are expected to reelect him because it will be hard to their object be health or pleasure. and part of the inland regions is com­ find another man in the country of such intelligence, prudence, and Communications with Portugal are pletely modified. honesty as General Carmona possesses. relatively easy. Lisbon is the most im­ Although a very small country, it portant center, either by sea . or 1and, was great in historical achievements; to any of the main parts of Europe. 2 CITY-COUNTY RECORD JANUARY, 1935

Portugal Throughout the Age~

ORTUGAL'S contribution to from the ports of this intrepid coun­ Pcivilization is most remarkable. try, expedition after expedition result­ The advancement of humanity to ing in rapid order, in various discov­ its status of today is due in no small eries of new lands and sea routes measure to the achievements of this throughout the globe. great people, the Portuguese. A mod­ The Islands, the est, retiring people, the record of their Islands, Islands and others accomplishments covers pages in the along the west coast of weFe history of the entire world. Their implanted with the banner of Portugal navigators, their explorers and their as wa? Brap>:il on the. c~ntinent ,of colo'nizers 'have 'plan:ted their banners South Amer'ica. · · in every nook and corner of the globe. }lecitals of the deeds of these valiant Portuguese men would require many volumes, and On the west coast· of Africa itself so only a summary of their contribu­ today we find or Portuguese tion to civilization is submitted so that West Africa and Portuguese their descendants may hold in just with a total area of about 500,000 pri'de the heritage which is theirs. square miles and Mosambique, 'on· the East Coast, area 430,000 square miles, Romans Entered Portugal testifying to the adventurous ·spirit of 'The inception of Portugal known to The Tower of Belem, the landmark of Lisbon, rises on the very spot whence those illustrious navigators of an historians, is Iberia or the Iberian Vasco da Gama started on his discovery of India earlier day. • Peninsula, which today comprises The first of the Western maritii11e Portugal and . The aboriginals powers to open direct relations with were , living in large families Portugal's National Life Centers was Portugal. In 1498 Vasco under the direction of the elders, the da Gama doubled the Cape ' of Good grandfathers, and united into About Prime Minister Salazar Hope and led the way to India. In for protection from enemies. The -Dr. Antonio Oliveira Salazar Has Proved to Be the Man of the Hour 1511 Afonso d' Albuquerque captured 's ruled their . respective com­ ; in 1516 Rafael Perest'relo munities. in Portugal's Economic Affairs. Due to His Initiative and Efforts, Country Is Assuming Leading voyaged to China; and in 1517 Fernao When the Romans entered .into Part in World Affairs. Perez de Andrade came to St. John's Portugal about 201 B. C., this was ' Island. In 1521 the Portuguese were the political status of the country, OR five years the national life of Salazar did not satisfy himself only expelled from this island, and went to with colonies of Greeks and Carthagin- F Portugal has centered about the with this; he went further, remodeling Liang-Po, where in 1542 trade with ians in the sea ports. The Romans great figure of Dr. Antonio Oli­ the country in all its organisms, draft­ was inaugurated. In 1545 this named the country LusitMJ.ia and here veira Salazar, Minister of Finances in ing a new Constitution adequate to the trading statien was d~stroyed, and 1tical existence of the government of General Carmona. and the age. Under his brilliant eventually the Portuguese set up the t 1e country. A humble professor in Uni­ guidance considerable improvements Colony of Macao, which is considered On the decline of the Roman Em­ versity, Dr. Salazar was almost un­ have been made all over Portugal, such to have been founded in 1557. pire, about the fifth century, the coun­ known in the country when he was as fine roads, harbors, schools, build­ Spain also was undergoing a great try broke up into various unstable invited to take over the Portfolio of ings, a housing system for workingmen era of maritime development and ex­ states with the incursion of tribes of Finance in 1928, those who knew his and municipal clerks, new ships for a ploration, and the interests of the two Alani, , Suevi and Visigotli.s. great ability and honesty, hoping that larger navy, and the payment of the countries conflicting in this respect, by And in 711 A . .D. came the Arab in­ he would succeed in eliminating the floating debt. the iri 1494, the vasion, covering a great part of the chaos from the Portuguese Treasury. Advanced Under Salazar world was divided between the two peninsula. . Right Man in Crisis Under the control of this miracle The origin of political Portugal as man who lives like a simple proletarian, Navigators Served Spain a separate Dr. Salazar has proved to be the right state was an incident in the Portugal today has claimed a promi­ ., Christian reconquest of the peninsula man in one of the most critical situa­ On account of the excellence and nent place among the best ruled coun­ ' from the Arabs known as the . tions of his country. In a few years thoroughness of their training Portu­ tries of the world, and in a few years _ Knights from the various parts of the guese navigators were in demand by he not only balanced the budget but this nation of great traditions will re­ 'world came to assist the rulers of provided an important surplus. Since Spain. Consequently we see Fernando gain the grandeur of its past. Its rich Magellan, a Portuguese in command . Spain to drive out the Moors. One the end of the World War the Portu­ colonial empire, its enviable strategic of a Spanish fleet, opening the way ·of these knights, a French nobleman, guese Treasury has unavoidably suf­ \_ .Henry, was intrusted with the govern­ position, its important products, its to the Pacific by the discovery of the fered an annual deficit of over 500,- / ment of this territory. He left a son, good and energetic people are the strait that bears his name. Afonso Henriques, who was the first 000,000 escudos, and the fact of an strongest factors for the continuous Next John Rodrigues Cabrillo, an­ ruler of Portugal, although as a actual surplus seemed like magic. Dr. prosperity of this nation. other Portuguese navigator in com­ vassal. The title of was first mand of two Spanish vessels, discov­ recognized by Pope Alexander, in ered California, entering into the 1179.- Portuguese Pioneered Routes to harbor of on Thursday, September 28th, 1542. Upon the death .Kingdom. Continued of Cabrillo, during the voyage on The continued India, China and Japan January 3rd, 1543, Bartolome Ferrelo, until· the insane Cardinal Prince Golden Due to Courage, Zeal and Adventurous another Portuguese navigator, took command and discovered parts of the Henry became king. With his death Spirit of 15th and Navigators the throne was claimed by Phillip II coast as far north as Cape Mendocino. of Spain, who became King of Portu­ NE is apt to forget that the overseas, which He named the Farallon Islands off of gal in 1581, ruling the country as a O "Golden Age" of the discoveries was built up largely by the efforts of San Francisco, Farallon de Ferrelo. separate kingdom joined to Spain by of the sea route to India, China the Dom H enrique, best A few years later, Sebastian Rodi­ a . and Japan and the discovery of , known as Henry the Navigator. At ques Cermeo, another Portuguese ·After a successful revolt against was due to the dauntless courage and one time this empire embraced half of navigator, in command of the Spanish the Spanish King Phillip IV, the indefatigable zeal of the Portuguese the known world. vessel "St. Augustin," appeared before Portuguese crowned their own King pioneers in the 15th and 16th cen­ Under the able leadership of Prince Cape Mendocino on November 4th, . John IV of Portugal, ending the Span­ turies. Yet the great Portuguese Henry, Portugual began an era of ish rule. This period has been called navigator, Fernando Magellan, was navigation and that even 1595, and a few days later, discovered the · "Sixty Years of Captivity." The the first to sail round the world (1519) today excites the admiration and won­ Monterey Bay. This is Portugal's con­ Kingdom of Portgual continued until spreading Christianity and European der of all. He caused to be taught the tribution to California- Cabrillo, Fer­ 1910, when the rule of was civilization to the ends of the earth. most advanced principles of naviga­ relo and Cermeo- three great com­ ·ended and the Republic of Portugal Portugual owns today large tracts tion at his headquarters at Sagres, in manders. Their names must live upon instituted, continuing to this day. of territory, surviving from the great the south of Portugal. There set forth . the pages of this great state. JANUARY, 1935 CITY-COUNTY RECORD 3 Portugal Today; vigorous, financially sound

By G. ARMAS DO AMARAL · Vice-Consul of Portugal at San Francisco EDITOR'S NOTE: The accom­ and buildings all over the country ernment has constructed houses for the tiful landscapes and its unsurpassea panying article is a broadcast delivered and the opening of new harbors. Our workingmen and state and municipal climate. by Mr. Amaral over theN. B. C. ·net­ population is only seven millions, employees; there being two thousand The Portuguese have also played an work on December 16th last through which means the Portuguese own more such houses in each of these cities. important role in the development of. the courtesy of the Richfield Oil Com­ land per capita than any other people. Seventy-five per cent of these dwell­ California. Since the discovery of pany of California, complete details of No beggars are allowed on the streets. ings are for the workingmen and the this coast by a Portuguese, J oao Rod­ which will be found elsewhere in this The government in its institutions remaining ones for the municipal and rigues Cabrilho, we have given oux issue. takes care of those physically unable state employees. In them are to be assiduous co-operation in the cultiva~ G. Armas do Amaral, Vice-Consul, to work and provides labor for those found all the facilities of a modern tion of the lands of the state. The. has been in the Portnguese Consulate who are fit to perform it. American home. The occupants have San Joaquin Valley has been almost in San Francisco for twenty years, de­ A great number of new schools have thirty years to pay for the ownership throughout its extension cultivated by votedly "serving his. country and his been built. Illiteracy has almost dis­ of such places, in installments which the Portuguese, who also are respon­ colony. He f eels that America and appeared among our people. A larger are less than any house rent. This sible for seventy-five per cent of the P~rtngal are close friends, linked by navy has been created for the protec­ plan will be carried out on a large production of the California dairies. many traditiot!S and by a large Porttt­ tion of our great colonial empire and scale in different sections of the We did not come over here just to gttese population in this ?·y which all the ships have been promptly paid country. share the prosperity of the country; has contributed considerably to the de­ for in cash on the occasion of their From every part of the world people we came here to toil and labor and velopm_ent of American industries. delivery. are beginning to direct their attention give our aid to its industries. The_ones Thus he has love for both , cotmtries, In Lisbon and Oporto, the two to Portugal, and more and more tour­ that attain financial independence do in each of whic-h he has spent half of. principal cities of Portugal, the Gov- ists are being enchanted by its beau- not rush away to enjoy the profits out­ his existence. side the place where they acquired them. They stay here as a part of the WISH to thank the Richfield Oil country with all their savings, which I Company for the homage that they they believe should be used where they , are paying to Portugal and the made them. P.ortuguese people. This is a very Our people have not saved themT gracious way to make us better known selves from sacrifices to serve the and better appreciated in this country. country of their adoption. When the We quite often have been ignored and World War came, thirty-five ~housand misjudged. Many think that we are Portuguese offered their services in still part of Spain and few know the defense of the . Many important role which Portugal has of them were not American citizens, played in the history of civilizq.tion. and consequently could have had ex­ A few years ago a monument was emption; but they felt that, in peace erected in the city of Paris, , as or war, they s::0uld stand by the coun­ a tribute to the noble deeds of Por­ try in which they hacMJw t•lt:Ir no~m=t\>•_..,.._.._~ tugal, On the base of this monument They who serve a country so loyally, was engraved the following inscrip­ deserve to be considered and esteemed tion: "Portugal discovered the world by such country. and now the world begins to discover Po~tugal." After a long period of rest Portugal has arisen and regained its Is plac,e among the most advanced nations and has showed that our energies are Used Worldwide not gone. . The Portuguese language is today Under Salazar's Administration spoken throughout the world. It is the .. Under the very intelligent adminis­ language used by 25,000,000 people in tration of Dr. Salazar, one of the :ontinental and insular Portugal (the greatest economists in the world today, latter being the archipelagos of Ma­ Portugal has not.only balanced its bud­ -leira and of the Azores), in the Cape get but has acquired ~large surplus. Verde Islands, and in her possessions For the fiscal year 1933-1934 this was in Africa, India, China, and Timor. about ninety-five million dollars. Our In addition, in the , 50,000,000 credit in the. financial world is of the people speak the language in Brazil. best. The Board of Directors of one As a consequence, there will be found of the largest Portuguese insurance even in the United States, Portuguese companies ordered its banker in Lon­ speaking individuals from every con­ .(one of the big Five) to purchase tinent and of every color, demonstrat­ a large amount of the best securities DR. JOAO ANTONIO de BIANCHI Minister of Portugal at W asbington, D. C. ing in a striking manner the far-flung on the market in order to guarantee its ramifications of th·e Portuguese influ­ reserves. The big banker answered: Dr. Joao Antonio de Bianchi, Minister of Portugal in Washington, ence and the scope of her colonizing "The best securities for the indicated is not only a diplomat of fine talent but also a gentleman of rare activities. purpose .are the bonds of the Portu­ feelings, who bas at heart the love of humanity. All those that meet guese external debt. Unfortunately, Portuguese is the nearest living lan­ Dr. Bianchi are aware of his distinction, cordiality, and intellectual guage to the ancient tongue. the demand for them has been so great attainments. Since his coming to W asbington about a year ago, Dr. that it will be necessary to wait a long Professor John C. Branner, late pres­ Bianchi bas made himself well beloved by the Portuguese colonies ident of Stanford University, in his time. to obtain the required amount." throughout the United States which be bas approached in order to give This is a simple illustration of our Portuguese Grammar, comments upon them guidance and provide for their welfare. Dr. Bianchi bas bad a this fact and commends the virility of financial .standing abroad. brilliant diplomatic career, which be commenced when very young and ·, · We have hardly any unemployment the tongue. in which be bas risen successively through various important posts, as at pres.ent. In fact, we. have never had Today a realization of the import­ in , Peking, and in the Foreign Office in Lisbon. As a reward many of the unemployed, even in the ance of cultivating this language is for his great merits be bas received from different governments of the worst years of the depression; and being considered by educators. Within world many notable decorations. they. were only to be found in the large recent months the City of Oakland We have beard from those who have been in contact with Dr. cities. Out in the country almost every­ has instituted the teaching of Portu­ Bianchi, such as the United States Senators and Congressmen from hody bas a plot of land where they are guese in three high schools. San California, the highest praises regarding him. No one in the diplomatic able to make their living. The unem­ Francisco is now considering estab­ circles of Washington could mount in such a short time more highly pl.oyed have been used in the many lishing Portuguese courses in schools. in the general esteem than Dr. Bianchi. public ~vorks created by the govern­ Truly a remarkable language to be ment, such as !he construction of roads · cultivated. 4 CITY-COUNTY RECORD }ANUARY, 1935

• The Portuguese Ill California

By MANUEL F. SYLVA President, Cabrillo Civic Club of San Francisco Radio Address through courtesy Richfield Oil Company on December 16, over N. B. C. Network

HE date-September 28, 1542- of racing boats of every size, both on of their contents and their readability. Oakland. Organized at Mission San T marking the discovery of Cali­ the west coast as well as on the At- They carry a profusion of advertising Jose on July 7, 1889. fornia by John Rodrigues Ca­ !antic seaboard. and unquestionably give splendid re- ( U. P. E. C. )-Uniao Portuguesa brillo, the first white man to view this While Portugal is noted for the ex- suits to the business firms which pat­ do Estado da California-President, vast western empire, is of great his­ cellence of its wines, particularly port ronize their columns. Frank D. Rosa of Richmond; secre­ toric significance and meaning to every and madeira, comparatively few of the The names of thes papers and other tary, Manuel Fraga of Oakland. 1224 Californian. But to those Californians Portuguese have engaged in vinicul- data follow : E. 14th St., San Leandro, Calif. Or­ of Portuguese descent, this date has an ture in California although a limited Jornal Portttgues, 1927 E. 14th St., ganized in San Leandro, Calif., on added and more personal import, in number have followed this branch of Oakland. Editor, P. L. C. Silveira. August 1, 1880. that Cabrillo, a Portuguese, was the agriculture with marked success. A Liberdade, 237 E. 14th St., Oak- (A. P. P. B. E. C.)-Associacao first to impress the beneficial influ­ The descendants of the Portuguese \land. Editor, Guilherme S. Gloria. Portuguesa Protectora e Beneficente do ence of the Portuguese upon the pioneers attend our schools and higher A Uniao Port1tguesa, 523 Adeline Estado da California. - President, destinies of this great state, an in­ institutions of learning in increasing St., Oakland. Editor, Manuel F. M. John V. Brass of Santa Maria; secre­ 1 fluence that has continued with in­ numbers, graduating in many cases Trigueiro. tary, Manuel Reis of San Francisco. creasing effect and increasing benefit with highest honors to become recog- 0 Portugal, Blake Block Bldg., Organized in San Francisco, August for nearly four hundred years. nized as experts and specialists in their Oakland. Editor, Joao Roldao. 6, 1868. Office, 345 Front St., San respective fields. The alumni of our 0 Progresso, 1907 M. St., Sacra­ Francisco. Strong Portuguese Influence famous colleges and universities also mento. Editor, Alfredo D. Silva. (U. P. P. E. C.)-Uniao Port1t­ Inextricably woven into the warp contain the names of many outstand- The editors and publishers of these guesa. Protectora do Estada da Cali­ and woof of the golden tapestry that ing athletes of Portuguese ancestry, papers are without exception men of fornia-(Ladies Society)-President, is the story of California and its Edna Bettencourt of San Leandro, people, the strong, sturdy threads of Calif.; secretary, May S. Pimentel of the Portuguese influence add virility Editor's Note: Manuel F. Sylva, adier General, to command proj­ Oakland. Organized on February 4, anc! colc.r to the pictured fabric. There president of the Cabrillo Civic Club, ected California Department. 1901. Office, Blake Block Bldg. ex!sts no section of our great state but attorney, civil leader, authority on In civilian life travelling man­ (S. P. R. S. l.)-Sociedade Portu­ has it ci_tizens of this racial de.scent. Portuguese-American history. Na­ ager for Review of Reviews Com­ guesa Rainha Santa Isabel-(Ladies From Del Norte in the north to Im­ tive Son, born at Clarksburg, Yolo pany for California and later as­ Society )-President, Maria C. Leal of perial in the south, from the Sierra County; educated public schools of sistant credit manager of D. N. & E. Stockton; secretary, Maria A. S. to the brt ad Pacific and on the very Yolo and Sacramento Counties. Walter Company of San Francisco. Lemos of Oakland. Office, Blake ocean itself in ships flying our flag­ 1903 joined Coast Artillery U.S. A., Studied law during this period at Block Bldg., Oakland, Calif. Organ­ will be found these people, taking just passed ratings of 2nd Class Gunner, Kent Law School and Y. M. C. A. ized in Oakland, March 15, 1898. pride in their allegianre iu the Stars 1st Class Gunner, Gun Commander; Special Law Review Course, passed (U. P. C.)-Uniao Portuguesa Con­ ..,...;::.-'-.!:!o..:t•-o._,.,.;lt'l .~.:lt:7ipt!of-1it, e flag with the was warranted corporal, sergeant, bar examinations and has practised tinental- President, Antonio Nunes; Golden Bear. upon discharge receiving com­ law for past fourteen years, with secretary, Claudio Matos. Office, Blake In every field of endeavor, commer­ mendation for service in San Fran­ offices at 948 Market Street, San Block Bldg., Oakland. cial, manufacturing or agricultural, cisco during 1906 disaster. Francisco. (S. E. S.)-Sociedade do Espirito they are found, while in the intellec­ With Federalization of California Past president of San Francisco Santo-President, Manuel Sales; sec­ tual, artistic and educational fields, National Guard Coast Artillery, be­ Promotion Association, San Fran· retary, M. S. Furtado. Office, Santa many men and women of distinction came first sergeant of 7th Co., later cisco Salvag~ Boosters, Memorial Clara. prove the versatility and ability cf this first lieutenant. With advent of Grove Association, N. S. and N. D. (A. P. U. M. E. C.)-Associacao able race. In the rosters of the citi­ World War unsuccessfully offered G. W., and of the Central Council Protectora Uniao Madeirense do Es­ zenship of California today will be service four different occasions. of Civic Clubs. President of Eureka tado da California-Secretary, Arn­ found among the leaders in every Was commissioned captain, com· Valley Promotion Association for alda R. Sousa. classification, names ·of men and manding 87th Co., California Mili­ past six years and officer or mem­ These organizations, usually desig­ women worth while who take just tary Reserve, being in command of ber of several other organizations. nated by the initials of the name, main­ pride in their Portuguese ancestry. second provisional battalion at Is married and is parent of one tain permanent headquarters and in close of war. On reserve list of child, a daughter. Lives with family First of Pioneers most cases, with paid executives. Some Military Order of Guards as Brig- at 4534 19th Street, San Francisco. The Portuguese were among the have large holdings in real property, very first of the pioneers to come to such as the I. D. E. S. which recently California, attracted as were others by who have carried the banner of their requisite education, knowledge and purchased property in Warm Springs the discovery of . Arriving as sea Alma Mater to victory and distinction: ability. They are of the highest stand­ for a permanent headquarters, the captains or sailors on the constantly St. Mary's as an instance has many ing in their respective communities transaction involving upwards of ! increasing number of vessels to reach of these boys on her honor rolls, and are even nationally known through $200,000. An annual convention is our shores, they left by the thousands names such as "Doc" Silva, Betten­ their literary attainments and the ex­ held in some city of the state, which for the gold fields and played their court, the greatest All-American foot­ cellence of their work. As an instance, is attended by large numbers of dele­ part in this hectic drama of California. ball player, and Mattos, who won fame Editor Guilherme S. Gloria of A gates from the branch lodges. These They were also among the first to in the Fordham game this season. Liberdade, called the Poet Laureate of conventions transact routine business recognize the wonderful fertility of There is comparatively little illiter­ the Portuguese Colony of California on and also provide opportunity for social our soil and the marked advantage of acy among the Portuguese and their account of his ability as a poet, only festivities. In addition the individual our balmy climate, consequently many descendants. While this is principally recently published another book of lodges or branches are the source of of these pioneers took to agriculture due to the fact that this a character­ verse from his versatile pen. social functions of all kinds, indeed and today we find them occupying a istic of the race that parents use every The Portuguese and their descend­ the many spring festivals and outdoor prominent place in this industry. In effort to provide all possible educa­ ants in California are highly organized activities are a component part of the the dairy industry alone some 75 per tional advantages for their children, it into racial associations, there being pageantry from which California de­ cent of the products are produced by is also due to a marked extent to the eight principal statewide organizations rives just fame. them. beneficial influence of the fine langu­ with nearly 1,000 branches and some These Portuguese associations have They have continued their maritime age newspapers of . the Portuguese 50,000 member·s. These organizations had a vast influence in preserving the excellence and many follow the sea, Colony. are all of the beneficial or mutual class customs, language and traditions of shipping from every port in the state. There are five of these weeklies of and are of great financial strength, this ancient race. The branches are The fi shing industry also claims its long standing, and all of the highest having in cash and gilt edged secur­ located in every county of our state share of these people, and it is stated mechanical and editorial make-up. ities, quick assets of several millions and in nearly every city or town, some that a large part of the San Diego These newspapers have large state­ of dollars. The list of these organiza­ cities having branches of several of fishing fleet is officered and manned wide circulation and in addition have tions follows: the state organizations. Several of by Portuguese or their descendants. many readers in the mother country (I. D. E. S.) - lnnandade do these organizations are more than Due to their ability and intuitive apt­ and its various colonies. They have a Divino Espirito Santo do Estado da fifty years old, the A. P. P. B. having ness in matters maritime they are strong hold on the thousands of their California- President, M. T. Nunes been founded at San Francisco on much sought after as officers or sailors readers, due to the excellent variety of Stockton; secretary, J. C. Valim of (Continued on Page Five) }ANUARY, 1935 CITY-COUNTY RECORD 5 Cabrillo Civic Club of San Francisco By GEO. H. ALLEN, Secretary

A_LTHOUGH organized but one United States, U. S. Senators and East ~ay sympathetic to the idea, presented and dancing and refresh­ .fl. short year ago, the Cabrillo Congressmen, various Federal De­ Portuguese language was placed on ments enjoyed. It seems unnecessary Civic Club of San Francisco partments locally or in Washington, curriculum of the Oakland High to mention that the Chamarita and has grown so rapidly in membership with city, county and state officers in School course this past year, and a other Portuguese dances were features and influence that its first anniversary California and elsewhere, with Cham­ study of the situation is being made on each occasion. A picnic was held finds it among the best known and bers of Commerce and other civic or­ with this in view for the San Fran­ during the summer season at Moun­ most powerful of the civic and racial ganizations generally and with firms cisco High Schools. tain View and its success has insured groups of the city. Nor is its influence and individuals to a large number. It is the purpose of the club to take its continuation as an annual affair of limited to the county lines of San Each piece of correspondence had active part in matters of civic concern. the organization. Francisco, since this first year has of­ some specific purpose and invariably Consequently, several matters of city­ fered opportunities for service to its this purpose was accomplished. wide import have received the careful Annual Election Soon membership and the Portuguese Col­ The program for each meeting in­ attention of various committees of the The coming year promises to in­ ony in general that has caused its cludes some educational feature as organization and the membership as a crease the popularity and usefulness reputation to be spread throughout the well as entertainment. During the past body, such as universal street cars of the organization. Annual election state. year several noted speakers have been transfers, matters of health, traffic, of officers will occur on Wednesday Official Letterhead States invited to appear before the member­ police, relief and others of similar evening, January 23. Installation of ship, and their talks have been of civic nature. In all cases where the On the official letterhead of the club officers at a date in February to be great interest and value. The subjects facts warranted the club ha·s taken determined, will be an impressive appears the following sentences, that chosen have been of varied nature and dignified but vigorous action and has the Cabrillo Civic Club is "Dedicated formal affair to which dignitaries of have included matters of naturaliza­ ·insisted that the proper remedy be ap­ the city, state and nation as well as of to Civic Progress by Californians of tion, Portuguese history, the Portu­ plied or the abuse corrected. the Portug·ztese Race or descent, in several foreign countries will be in­ guese in California, national problems Constitution Provides vited. The March meeting, on Wed­ Memory of their Compatriot, John and business subjects. It has been Rodrigues Cabrillo, the Discoverer of As provided by the constitution and nesday evening, March 27, will be well said by one visitor that these by-laws the association has taken Brazilian Night. His Excellency Caufornia, and to Perpetuate the meetings serve as a university exten­ Achievements of their Pioneer Fore­ active part in both political campaigns, Mario Santos, consul of Brazil, will sion course, on account of their value the August primary and the Novem­ be the guest of honor and other dis­ fathers in this Golden State." These from an educational viewpoint. few terse sentences express briefly ber finals, investigating candidates tingui·shed guests will be present. and succinctly the purposes and ob­ Relations Established and measures and endorsing such as Brazilian music will feature the en­ jects of the organization and the ex­ The organization has established seemed to deserve this action. In ad­ tertainment and other items of interest periences of the past year have amply close relations with the office of the dition an active campaign was made are planned. demonstrated its need. Consul of Portugal as well as that of and material aiel rendered candidates These meetings are all open to the The officers who have served the the Consul of Brazil, and representa­ or measures that had met with the public and visitors of either sex are club during its first year of being are tives of both consulates have been favor of the club. Thousands of welcomed. The officers and members as follows: Manuel F. Sylva, presi­ guests of the club on several occa­ printed lists of these endorsements take this opportunity to extend a cor­ dent; Frank V. Seamas, first vice­ sions. At the present moment COJJmit­ were mailed or otherwise circulated, di al invitatio11 to the readers of this president; J. F. Joseph, second vice­ tees are working on plans to aid in and hundreds of letters were sent in issue to visit thi;; president; Geo. H. Allen, secretary; the development of trade between Cali­ this connection. It is interesting to eligible, to become active members. J oao Vidal, financial secretary; M. fornia and these two great friendly note that nearly every candidate or Reis, treasurer. nations with whom we have so much measure endorsed by the club met with in common. One phase of the plan success at the polls. The Portuguese in Board of Directors calls for the establishment of the Besides the entertainment presented Directors: J. F. Avila, Alfred Bap­ study of the Portuguese language in at the regular meetings, other social California tist, A. M. Carvalho, M. G. , our schools so that our young men activities have been held, all uni­ (Continued from Page Four) Dr. Carlos Fernandes, Joao Louzado, and women may be properly equipped formly successful both from a finan­ August 6, 1868, and will soon celebrate ]. S. Mattos, J. N. Oliveira, Frank for commercial relations with these cial standpoint and that of a good time. its seventieth anniversary. Rose; marshal, F. J. Bettencourt; nations. Through co-operation with Three evening have been held, chairmen of standing committees: Jo­ individuals and organizations in the at which featured entertainers were The story of the Portuguese in Cali­ seph Brazil, auditing; Fred Marshall, fornia is the story of California itself education; ]. R. deFaria, legislative; with all its life and color and wealth Albert M. Brown, membership; Ed­ Francisco de Pina Aragao e Costa of incident. The Portuguese have al­ ward Lewis, police; Jack L. Silvey, Consul of Portugal at San Francisco ways been a liberty-loving race; their descendants in California are likewise. public affairs, and M. S. Pastro, social. For seven years the Due to the necessary absence from the They are adventurous and courageous, Consul, Senor Fran­ city of Mr. Vidal, financial secretary, natural pioneers. They are home Joseph Brazil, chairman of the audit­ cisco de Pina Aragao lovers and home builders. Of a deeply ing committee, has also served as e Costa, has been in religious nature they support their acting financial secretary during the charge of the Portu­ church and its needs. Although thrifty past several months. guese Consulate in San they recognize the good things of life Francisco, and in this and when acquired use them with mod­ Meets Fourth Wednesday rather long period he eration and good judgment. Seldom will their names be found on relief The club meets monthly on the has made friends of fourth Wednesday at 8 p. m. in its rolls, and even less often on the rec­ everybody in the colony beautiful meeting rooms at 150 Golden ords of our criminal courts. Gate Avenue, Knights of Columbus -a rare case in the con­ In their quiet, unostentatious man­ Bldg., San Francisco. In addition the sular service. If any ner, they give their unstinted support board of directors has usually found it misunderstanding arises to our institutions, whether, religious, necessary to hold one or more meet­ among his countrymen, commercial, educational or civic. Ask­ ings monthly to take care of the in­ Consul Aragao e Costa ing little, giving much they form an creasing amount of urgent and im­ with his diplomatic abil­ integral and valuable part of our body portant matters constantly occurring. ity and natural kindness politic. They love the country which Besides routine matters, the program hastens to smooth out received their fore-fathers with hos­ at each meeting is varied and educa­ the difficulties, and those pitality and open arms and should the tional. Even the routine business is of who are on the opposing need arise-which God forbid-the great interest since all matters are of sides always come to a Portuguese of California and their de­ direct concern to the members and perfect agreement. In scendants, Californians and Americans those they represent. all the posts in which he to the core-will be found in the front Inspection of the correspondence of has served-in England, ranks of our defenders, shoulder to the past year, demonstrates the varied France, and ­ shoulder with those of other racial and important ramifications of the af­ he has left a splendid units which blended together made the fairs of the organization. Letters were record as a Consul and American people pre-eminent through­ exchanged with the President of the a gentleman. out the world. 8 CITY-COUNTY RECORD }ANUARY, 1935

MADEIRA WINES For that purpose a very dry wine must I What Is Brazil? northeast, upon the melancholic fields be selected. To persons used to cock­ and mountains, the noise will be heard By H. L. MENCKEN (Continued from Page Six) tails it may seem at first flush some­ of the active and struggling com­ There was a time when Madeira was what soft and bland, but that seeming Anglo Saxons, Polish and Syrians, in munities and the music of civilization popular beyond all other wines in is only seeming. It actually contains 18 small numbers, land in Brazil every marching with its industries and earn­ America and upon it the Fathers of per cent of alcohol and a couple of year to share the benefits of this happy est life; and in this future age, instead the Republic were nourished for their glasses of it are enough to launch a country, collaborating at the same time of 50 million inhabitants speaking the glorious deeds. Before the days of dinner beautifully. On better acquaint­ in the rapid growth of the nation, language of de Camoens, there will be great circle sailing most of the ships ance its searching and magnificent which, in a very near future will have 500 millions doing it and they will be plying between Europe and America flavor unfolds itself. It is, indeed, one as the United States, all its territory there ready to defend the flag that past stopped at either the Azores or Ma­ of the best wines on earth.-Reprinted recognized and exploited. It will be generations have delivered to them deira, and those that made the latter from San Francisco Examiner. then that, upon the deserts of the spotless, beloved and powerful. island commonly took on a few casks of the native wine. At the start this wine was brought home for the private use of their owners, but soon its vir­ Dependable tues began to be noised about and CJire · Aulomo.bJ1e · Marine · f!'asuallq · 7klelil!J · Surely eventually there grew up a brisk trade 0 Insurance in it. Since 1863 Madeira is still made in a primitive way going back to Noah's time. The peasants on the mountain slopes be- hind grow the grapes and press out the red juice. Still fresh, this juice is poured into goatskins and brought down to Funchal, where the shippers ferment it in large casks. The fermentation is assisted by heat, and when it is ended about 10 per cent of IREMANS fuND GROup alcohol is added. The alcohol improves 7ireman:S 7undfnsurance eomJJODY- Occirlenlal fnsunznce f!ompany both the flavor and the keeping qual- Home 7ire & Marine Insurance t'ompany ities of the wine. It then goes into :hreman:s 7undIndemnify f?ompany-Occirlenlal fnaemnily eompany huge vats and the aging process be- gins. Madeira is fit to drink in a few years, but it grows better as it grows older and there is no limit to the time it may be kept. Lots a century old sometimes come upon the market. It keeps indefinitely in a decanter. As in the case of sherry, there are two main varieties, the dry and the sweet. The sweet goes very well with NewYork Chicago SAN FRANCISCO Boston Atlanta dessP.rtwJJ.Lit. is o sn:cable for serv- )---"'"'.._.....,,..._.~inc::g~w~~ ith hot food, or as an appetizer.

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A Noble Wine STATEMENT Returns to America OF CONDITION December 31, 1934

RESOURCES Cash and Due from Banks ...... $35,936,528.80 United States Government Securities...... 38,434,586.79 II state, Municipal Bonds, Other Securities...... 18,694,701.18 $ 93,065,816.77 . Stock in Federal Reserve Bank...... 546,000.00 M d Bank Premises and Other Real Estate ...... 5,819,189.40 a e1ra Due from U. s. Treasurer-S % Redemption Fund ...... 520,000.00 Customers' Liability under Letters of Credit and Acceptances 5,900,420.33 Other Assets ...... 1,504,081.02 Imported direct from the 90,797,625.09 Loans and Discounts ...... Uniao Vinicola Co., Ltd., TOTAL ...... $198,153,132.61 LIABILITIES of Funchal, Madeira. 1 ~t~t~~~i----~~~-iii~::::~~:~~-:-:~~~~:::_:_::_~~:_:_:_:_:_:_:_:_::_:_:_:_:_:_::~~:_:_:_:_::_:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::$ ~:!~:5f:fi Vintages: 1924, 1920, 1904, 1824 and Older Reserves for Div>dends, Interest, Contmgencies...... 1,539,43 • Circulation ...... 10,400,000.00 Letters of Credit and Acceptances...... 5,907,186.50 • • • ~!~~~ifsia~~~~~~~~ .. ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::.·.·::::::::::.·:::::::::::.·.: 160,~g:g~~:~~ TOTAL ...... $198,153,132.61 Also Oporto Ports, Aguardente, Rhum, Ginga and Other Liquors • • • The Reasonableness of Our Prices Will Surprise You

• • •

ORDERS BY MAIL RECEIVE PERSONAL ATTENTION CO., INC. San Francisco: 1 Sansome St. - 101 Market St. - Montgomery & Sacramento Sts.- Market, Ellis & Stockton Sts.- Market, McAllister & Jones Sts.- Fill­ Office and Warehouse: 900 Battery Street more & Geary Sts. - Chestnut & Fillmore Sts. - Mission & Sixteenth Sts. San Francisco, Calif. Geary at Twentieth Ave.- Third & Twentieth Sts. - Oakland: 1560 Broadway Portuguese Independence Day Celebrated with N B C Broadcast

0 NE of the greatest days in the , the date of.the restoration of the country's independence, was observed by the National Broadcasting Company, Saturday, , with a nationwide broadcast from San Francisco. From the Pacific Coast to the Atlantic seaboard the NBC networks flashed greetings to Portuguese throughout the United States, voiced by a distinguished group of speakers from the Portuguese and Brazilian colonies of San Francisco. At the NBC microphone were the Honorable G. Armas do Amaral, Acting Portuguese Consul in San Francisco; Dr. Mario Santos, the Consul from Brazil; Dr. Carlos Fernandes, Vice-Consul of Brazil, and Joseph Vierra, interpreter, who translated each of the speeches into English for the benefit of the great listening audience. KPO, NBC key station in San Francisco, headed the transcontinental network broadcasting the program, which

included the Portuguese National Anthem, played by Mer­ His Excellency G. Armas do Amaral, edith Willson's Orchestra. Consul Amaral's speech follows: Acting Consul of Portugal

Portuguese of. the United States and of the Land Beyond the Sea It is principally to you, brothers beyond from a wild state to rich farms and or­ Portugal, whom this colony reveres as a the sea, that we are sending today our most chards. This empire is in these Portuguese father; to His Excellency, the President of grateful salutations, filled with the greatest homes where our traditions continue to live the Council of Ministers, whose gigantic pleasure at being able, for the first time in and flourish. work of national rehabilitation we so highly the history of this colony, to join with you That great spirit of independence which admire; to His Excellency, the Minister of in the singing of hyrn'ns to our Fatherland, has always characterized us in all the Foreign Affairs, who has so brilliantly co­ on the occasion of the celebration of the phases of our lives never has abandoned us operated for the advancement of our coun­ anniversary of the restoration of our inde­ here. Starting as poor immigrants amid the try; to His Excellency, the Minister of pendence. struggle of competitive interests in this Portugal in Washington, a diplomat who Knowing that our voice at this instant country, the Portuguese, by the persistency has known so well how to conquer our is echoing within the boundaries of the of their labors and by their upright qual­ hearts by his distinction and his unexcelled Fatherland and is being heard by many who ities, have marked out here a place of dis­ cordiality. The patriotic mission of His are dear to us, we experience a sweet emo­ tinction and have acquired a predominant Excellency at the time of his visit to our tion, as though we had returned there. part in the agricultural life of California. colony in has caused the most With me a hundred and fifty thousand They are a valuable and almost indispen­ vivid and agreeable impression among us, Portuguese in California wish to express at sable element in the economic structure- of and the Portuguese colony in California is this moment their love and their veneration the country. The character of the Portu­ very anxious to receive the promised visit for the Fatherland. And thus we want to guese is always the same, at any time or of His Excellency to this locality. affirm through this microphone that neither in any place. Loving his own independence, Finally, we send our salutations to H is distance nor time has succeeded in dimming he does not allow himself to be subjugated, Excellency, Senor Francisco de Pina Aragao the flame of that love, which has been a and takes great delight in lending his un­ e Costa, highly regarded chief of this con­ guiding light and an incentive in directing sular post, whose return this colony 1s us on our pilgrimage to this land and in tiring aid to all; he abstains from begging awaited with great rejoicing. strengthening our energies in the struggle himself but rejoices in producing and giv­ of life. ing to those in need. Such are the Portu­ Long live the Portuguese Nation! Here Portugal lives. Without landmarks guese in California. Long live His Excellency, the President or flags she has here an empire. This em­ At this moment of fraternization we send of the Portuguese Republic! pire is in these fields which the patience and our most respectful salutations to His Ex­ Long live His Excellency, the President activity of the Portuguese have converted cellency, the President of the Republic of of the United States! • ~~~~·~ ...... ~ Sec. 562 P. L. & R. WE WISH TO SERVE YOU WELL

S OUTHERN PACIFIC extends its best wishes to its Portuguese friends, whom it has tried to serve to the best of its abilit}! for many years. The Portuguese are an important element in many sections served by Southern Pacific's rails. They are good patrons for both passenger and freight service. We want the Portuguese to know that our service is steadily being improved, despite the emergencies of the present. r:r""""':::::::c::=~====~-==~~~ lower railroad fares are available to you. II you are planning trips anywhere get in touch with your Southern Pacific agent and he will be glad to advise you so that you can get the most for your money. If you wish coach, reclining chair car or tourist car service he will help you to obtain the accom­ modations best fitted to your needs. And we have the very finest de luxe service, too, so that any wish you have as to travel accommodations may be gratified.

If you are planning trips this summer remember that Southern Pacific's leading trains will be atr conditioned throughout, so that you can travel anywhere on Southern Pacific's lines in perfect comfort, no matter what the temperature outside the cars.

Modern all steel chair cars operated by Southern Pacific are A Pullman berth made up for the night. Berths are big and long, easy riding, roomy cars. They are finished in pleasing roomy (6 feet 2 inches long and 3 feet 1 inch wide, to be colors, well lighted and well ventilated. The windows are exact). While you sleep, an experienced engineer drives you large, the aisles wide. There is plenty of room to move about. swiftly and smoothly to your destination. Southern Pacific