Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-12581-0 — the Dutch in the Early Modern World David Onnekink , Gijs Rommelse Index More Information

Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-12581-0 — The Dutch in the Early Modern World David Onnekink , Gijs Rommelse Index More Information

Index

Aachen, Peace of, 221 American Declaration of Independence, 16 Aalbers, 19 American Revolution, 229, 244 Abdallah, Ahmed ben 179 Americans, Native, 1–2, 89, 104, 126, 132, Abdullah, King, 192 210–214, 217, 275 Abyssinia, 182 Amiens, 225 Académie Royale des Sciences, 173 Ampzing, Samuel, 74 Acadia, 185 Amstel (river), 119 Act of Abjuration (1581), 16, 44 Amsterdam, 19, 24–25, 27–31, 54–55, 57, Act of Consultancy, 236, 243 59–60, 75, 81, 90, 119, 150, 154, 158, Act of Seclusion, 100 179, 185, 187, 197, 240–241, 244, Adrian VI, pope, 221 247, 249, 251, 253, 255, 260, 268, Aerssen van Sommelsdijck, van, 65, 268 270, 277 Aerssen, François van, 20, 65–66 Admiralty of, 38, 106, 177, 250, 253 Africa, 2, 28, 51, 71–73, 75, 81–82, 84, as ﬁnancial centre, 208 122, 124, 126, 129, 133, 163, 179, assault on (1650), 98 181–182, 188, 204, 210, 217, 255, Athenaeum Illustre of, 127 261, 270 Bank of, 67 African, 125 black community in, 160 Aga, Ömer, 179 City Council of, 57 Aglionby, William, 112, 118 City Hall of, 119, 126 Agra, 227 coffee houses in, 176 Aitzing, Michael von, 88 immigrants in, 162 Aix-la-Chapelle, Peace of, 191 Jews in, 161 Akan kingdoms, 84 merchants from, 27, 32–34, 72, 99, 122, Alba, Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke 240 of, 8–9, 15, 42–44, 60, 83, 127 Portuguese synagogue of, 158 Albany, 85, 211 staple market of, 206–207 Albemarle, earl of, See Keppel, Arnold Joost stock exchange of, 30, 34, 67 van unrest in (1695), 249 Albert VII, Archduke of Austria, governor unrest in (1748), 234 of the Spanish Netherlands, 69 Andersen, Jürgen, 129, 131 Aleppo, 31 Anglo-Dutch War, First (1652–1654), 100, Alexandria, 182 107, 117, 124, 204 Algiers, 31, 136, 182, 250 Anglo-Dutch War, Fourth (1780–1784), Alkmaar, 46 228, 237, 239, 250, 254, 261 Ambon, 35, 40, 122, 171, 217, 261 Anglo-Dutch War, Second (1665–1667), Amboyna Massacre, 40, 115 96, 101, 110, 115, 122, 124 America, 1–2, 5, 7–8, 28, 37, 57, 60, 71–73, Anglo-Dutch War, Third (1672–1674), 82, 85, 114, 120, 126, 129, 131, 133, 116, 118, 122, 125, 141, 145 163, 179, 181, 204, 210–211, 214, 217 Anglo-Dutch Wars, 116–117, 145, 202 America, United States of, 242 Angola, 73, 75, 84, 123, 133 American congress, 240–241 Anjou, Francis, Duke of, 11, 60

280

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-12581-0 — The Dutch in the Early Modern World David Onnekink , Gijs Rommelse Index More Information

Index 281

Anne of Hanover, princess of Orange, 190, Baltic Sea, 5–6, 24, 26–27, 114, 130, 199–200, 234–235 205–207, 240, 250 Anne, queen of Great Britain, 185 Banda Isles, 35–36, 40 Antwerp, 9, 24–25, 27, 70, 89, 92, 185 Bantam, 37–38 Fall of (1585), 11, 22, 93 Banten, sultanate of, 37 Apology, 10, 44 Barbary, 136 Aquinas, Thomas, 103 captivity in, 136 Arabian Peninsula, 129 coast of, 136 Arawaks, 274 corsairs of, 136, 250 Archangel, 27, 31 Barentsz, Willem, 23 Arenberg family, 12 Barlaeus, Caspar, 127 Aristotle, 168 Barrier, 144, 186–187 Armada de Flandres, 13 Barrier Treaty (1716), 186 Arminians, See Remonstrants Bassen, Bartholomeus van, 98 Arminius, Jacobus, 53–54, 158, 167 Batavi (tribe), 6, 47, 242 Arras, Union of (1579), 9 Batavia, 6, 37, 40, 79, 81–82, 122, 130, Ashkenazi Jews, 160, 162 135, 215–216, 255, 259–261, 263, 265 Asia, 32, 38, 70, 78, 82, 129, 163, 178–179, Batavian Arcadia,41 188, 210, 215, 217, 226, 229, Batavian Commonwealth, 278 255–257, 259, 261, 264–266 Batavian Massacre (1740), 263 Asiatisk Kompagni, 257 Batavian Republic, 247, 278–279 Atlantic Ocean, 27, 32, 51, 70–71, 73, Batavian Revolution, 229, 247, 261, 278 75–76, 79, 83, 120, 124–125, Batten, Sir William, 112 131–133, 135–136, 158, 165, 250, Bayle, Pierre, 163 271, 279 Beig, Mousa, 179 Augsburg, League of (1686), 141 Beijing, 79 Augsburg, Peace of (1555), 62 Belgium, 7 Augustine of Hippo, 103 Bengal, 123 Augustus III, Elector of Saxony, Benin, Bight of, 133 190–191 Bentinck family, 201 Auka, 267 Bentinck, Anna Margaretha, 201 Aurangzeb, Emperor of the Mugal Empire, Bentinck, Hans Willem, ﬁrst earl of 226 Portland, 147–148, 164, 199, 201, Aurelius, Cornelius, 47 225–226 Austin Friars, Dutch Church in, 66, 164 Bentinck, Henry, second earl of Portland, Australia, 6, 217 201 Austria, 63, 68, 103, 183, 186, 188, Bentinck, Willem, 199 190–191, 195, 229 Bentivoglio, Guido, 89 Austrian Netherlands, 186, 188, 191, 231 Berbice, 211 Austrian Succession, War of the Berlin, 146, 200 (1740–1748), 2, 183, 191–192, Bernard, Jean Frederic, 219 194–195, 199, 230–231, 250–251 Beuningen, Coenraad van, 206 Avaux, Jean Antoine, Count of, 148 Beverwijk, 86 Avontroot, Hans, 66 Biafra, Bight of, 133 Azores, 70 Bible, 56, 104, 117, 133, 210, 216, 266 Bicker, Jan, 99 Backer Dirks, J. J., 248 Bicker, Wendela, 99 Baden, 184, 186 Bidloo, Govert, 169–170, 173 Baen, Jan de, 111, 139 Bijl, 150 Bahadur Shah, Emperor of the Mugal Bingham, John, 15 Empire, 226 Binnenhof (The Hague), 93 balance of power, 62, 100, 105, 109, 146, black chamber, 224 152, 189, 193, 196, 228, 246 Black Legend (Spanish), 40, 46, 89, 152 Balen, Petrus van, 66 Blaeu, Joan Willemsz., 6 Bali, 214 Blaeu, Willem Janszoon, 127, 171, 174, 181

282 Index

Blenheim, Battle of (1704), 144, 223 Bylandt, Jason van, 56, 66 Boerhave, Herman, 165–166, 169–170, Bylandt, Lodewijk, Count of, 240 173, 253 Boetzelaer, Gideon van den, 20, 66 Cadiz, 165 Bohemia, 62, 103, 158 Cadogan, William, earl of, 193, 196 Boni (leader), 275 Caerden, Paulus van, 35 Boni (people), 274–275 Cain, 117 Boni War, 275 Calais, 225 Boogman, 150 Calderón de Barca, Pedro, 95 Bor, Pieter Christiaensz., 88 Callières, François de, 147, 222 Borschberg, Peter, 33 Callot, Jacques, 90 Bosman, Willem, 218 Calvin, Jean, 9 Bosse, Abraham, 90 Calvinism, 9, 162, 168, 213, 215, 218 Botero, Giovanni, 104 Calvinist Church, 51, 55, 66, 151, 161, Both, Pieter, 132 184, 211, 214, 265–266 Boufﬂers, Louis-François, Duke of, 147 Cambrai, Congress of (1721-1725), 188 Boulogne, 225 Campen, Jacob van, 93, 119 Bourbon, House of, 62–64, 103 Canada, 185 Boyle, Robert, 172 Canaria, 182 Boyne, Battle of the (1690), 156 Candhaura, 226 Brabant, 24–25, 59, 208, 228, 231, 247 Canter Visscher, Jacobus, 214, 218 Braganza, Peter, Prince of Brazil, 223 Canterbury, 225 Brahe, Tycho, 166, 172 Canton, 174 Brandaris (Terschelling), 115 Cape of Good Hope, 34, 72, 123, 182 Brandenburg, 63, 140 Capellen tot den Pol, Joan Derk van den, Brazil, 51, 59, 71, 73–75, 83–84, 93, 97, 242–244 100, 109, 124, 131–133, 171, 179, Capitein, Jacobus, 133, 218 212–213, 223 Carey, William, 219 Breda, 93 Caribbean, 73, 133, 240, 269 capture of (1590), 15, 94 Caribs, 274 Siege of (1625), 61, 95 Carlos II, King of Spain, 144–145 Siege of (1637), 59, 61 Caroline, princess of Orange-Nassau, 200 Bredero, Gerard, 91, 132 Caron, Noel de, 20, 22 Bristol, John Robinson, bishop of, 222 Cartesians, 59 Britain, 56, 116, 143, 183–184, 188, Casas, Bartolomé de las, 89 190–191, 195–196, 240, See England Cassard, Jacques, 274 (pre-1707) Castelijn, Abraham, 155 Britaine, William de, 117 Catalonia, 63 British and Foreign Bible Society, 220 Cateau-Cambrésis, Peace of (1559), 8, 63 British Channel, 61, 250 Catherine the Great, empress of Russia, British Isles, 24, 29, 114, 131, 142, 168, 240 204, 206 Catholic Church, 167 Bruges, 25 Catholicism, 184 Brunswick, Louis Ernest, Duke of Catholics, 12, 25, 57, 59, 62, 64, 163, Brunswick-Lüneburg-Bevern, 218–219, 278 235–237, 241, 243, 246 Cats, Jacob, 65–66 Brussels, 8, 69, 147 Celbridge Abbey, 164 Bry, Theodor de, 126, 179 Ceuta, 182 Buddhism, 178, 214–215 Ceylon, 81, 121, 133, 178, 214–215, 255, Buen Retiro (Madrid), 95 261, 263 Bulling, Gerrit van, 156 Chambres des Réunions, 141 Bulling, Margaritha van, 156 Charenton, 66 Burgundy, 7 Charles I, King of England, 58–59, 63, 65, Burnet, Gilbert, 157 100

Index 283

Charles II, King of England, 100–102, 110, Court of Admiralty, 204 113, 116, 118, 124, 139–141, 150, Court of Civil Justice, 269 157, 204 Court of Police and Criminal Justice, Charles the Bold, Duke of Burgundy, 7 269 Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, 94 Court, Pieter de la, 105, 109, 150–151, Charles V, King of Spain, Holy Roman 162 Emperor, Lord of the Low Countries, Coylan, 121 8, 152, 188 Crijnssen, Abraham, 125 Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor, 186, Croissy, Charles de Colbert, marquess of, 190–191 156 Chatham, 111, 139 Cromwell, Oliver, 100, 110 Chevalier, Nicholas, 221 Crucé, Émeric, 189 China, 22, 78–79, 129, 175 Crusades, 103 Emperor of, 79, 81 Cuba, 60, 73 Christendom, 80–81, 83, 104, 215 Cyprus, 10, 31 Christian IV, King of Denmark, 62, 162 Christianity, See Christendom Dam, Pieter van, 130 Churchyard, Thomas, 89 Danzig, 100 Clarendon, Edward Hyde, earl of, 89 Dartmouth, 112 Clerc, Jean le, 78 Davenant, Charles, 189 Cleves, 53–54 David, King of Israel, 43 Clouck, Jacob, 206 Delacroix, Charles, 278 Clusius, Carolus, 178 Delft, 10, 12, 34, 93, 179, 209 Cocles, Horatius, 112 Della Faille, Jacques, 25 Coehoorn, Menno, Baron of, 172, 253 Dellius, Godfried, 212, 214 Coen, Jan Pietersz., 36–37, 40, 132, 215 Demmer, Gerard, 260, 264 Cohen, Jacob, 160 Den Bosch Colbert, Jean Baptiste, 205, 257 Siege of (1629), 60–61 College van de Grote Visserij, 207 Den Briel, 9, 179 Cologne, 88, 96, 101–102, 140–141 Den Swerten Ruyter, 25 Colyer, Jacob, 146 Denmark, 64, 100, 113, 129, 141, 202 Compagnie française pour le commerce des Descartes, René, 161, 168 Indes orientales, 257 Deshima, 215, 226 Company of Royal Adventurers trading into Devolution, War of (1667–1668), 101 Africa, 124 Diemen, Anthonie van, 121, 123 Conestaggio, Girolamo, 89 Dillenburg, 9 Congo, 133, 210 Doesburg, 68 Constantinople, 10, 20, 31, 66, 146, 165, Dogger Bank, Battle of the (1781), 241, 178–179 254–255 continental system, 279 Dokkum, 106 Cornelio, Pietro, 89 Donellus, Hugo, 167 Coromandel Coast, 37, 241, 256 Dordrecht, 109, 111, 139, 244 Corps Free Negroes and Mulattos, 275 Dover, 225 Corsica, 192 Dover, Treaty of (1670), 102 Cottica (river), 267 Downing, Sir George, 181 Cottica Rebels, 267 Downs, Battle of the (1639), 107 Council of Finance, 8 Drenthe, 161 Council of State, 8, 13, 17–18, 52, 65, 146, Dublin, 164 196, 235 Duitse Huis, 221 Council of the Indies, 260 Dunkirk, 13, 77 Council of Troubles, 9 Duplessis-Mornay, Philippe, 16, 44, Counter-Reformation, 12, 66 103 Counter-Remonstrance, 55 Dutch Bible Society, 220 Counter-Remonstrants, 55, 57 Dutch Brazil, See Brazil

284 Index

Dutch Revolt, 2, 5–6, 9–12, 15–16, 42, Farnese, Alexander, Duke of Parma, 9, 13, 46–49, 55, 63–64, 67, 88, 90, 93, 95, 24–25 102–103, 118, 154, 157, 163, 200, Farnese, House of, 188 224 Fargue, Jean Thomas la, 252 Feith, Rhijnvis, 246 East India Company (EIC), 36, 39–40, 122, Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, 8 257, 279 Ferdinand II, King of Aragon, Holy Roman East India Company (VOC), 1, 6, 32–40, Emperor, 62, 158 51–52, 70, 72, 75–76, 78–79, 81–83, Ferdinand of Austria, Cardinal-Infante, 61 97, 115, 120–123, 128–132, 135–136, Financial Revolution, 67 149, 171, 176, 179, 181, 205, ﬁscal-military state, Dutch Republic as, 67 208–209, 211, 214–215, 217, 226, Fitzwilliam, William, Lord, 167 229, 241, 250–251, 256–257, Flanders, 25, 77, 89, 94, 231 259–261, 263–266 Fletcher, Andrew, 242 East India House (Amsterdam), 93 Flota de Indias, 73 Edict of Fontainebleau (1685), 138, 141, Formosa, 37, 122, 129, 215 145, 156 Fort Amsterdam, 85 Edinburgh, 170 Fort Nassau, 85 Edo, 79, 226 Fort Orange, 240 Egmond, Lamoraal of Gaverne, Count of, 8 Fort Sheerness, 111 Egypt, 182 Fort Zeelandia, 122 Eighty Years’ War (1568–1648), 2, 52, 61, Forty Years’ War (1672–1713), 138, 150, 63, 67, 88–93, 95–98, 101, 107, 116, 153, 155, 183, 185, 193 139, 151–152, 185, 224 France, 2, 7–8, 10–11, 18, 20, 24–25, 53, Elbe (river), 24 57–58, 61–63, 65, 67–68, 92, 101–103, Elburg, 245 114, 116, 118, 131, 138, 141–145, Elizabeth Farnese, queen of Spain, 186, 192 148–153, 156–158, 160, 168, 173, Elizabeth I, queen of England, 9, 11 183–186, 188, 190–191, 195, Elizabeth Stuart, queen of Bohemia, 199 198–199, 203, 205, 207, 222, 225, Elmina, 73, 75, 182, 218 228–230, 239, 246–247, 249, 252, Elsevier, Louis, 174 277–279 Emden, 12 Franche-Comté, 7, 141 England, 2, 7, 11–13, 18, 20–21, 25, 39–40, Franco-Dutch Alliance (1635), 61–62 52–53, 55, 58–59, 62–65, 68–69, Franco-Dutch War (1672–1678), 141 100–103, 110, 115, 117–119, 141, Franeker, University of, 161, 166–168 143–147, 149–153, 156–158, 160, Frankfurt, 126 183, 185–186, 190, 195, 197–198, Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, 20, 51, 201, 203, 205, 207, 229, 249, See 57–59, 61, 88, 92, 199 Britain (post-1707) Frederick I, King of Prussia, 198 English Civil War (1642–1651), 58, 63, 89, Frederick II, King of Prussia, 191, 195 199–200, 237, 246 English Commonwealth, 100, 108, 203 Frederick III, King of Denmark, 113 Enkhuizen, 23, 34, 106, 250 Frederick V of the Palatinate, 62, 158 Erasmus, 47 Frederick William II, King of Prussia, Ernst Casimir, Count of Nassau-Dietz, 87 245 Erpenius, Thomas, 167 Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, Estado da Índia, 32 140 Europe, 3 French Guiana, 275 Europische Courant, 155 French Wars of Religion (1562–1598), 10, Europische Mercurius, 155 25, 63–64, 103 Evertsen, Cornelis the Younger, 125 Freschot, Augustinus, 224 Evertsen, Johan, 111 Friesland, 7, 23, 25, 29, 54, 87, 106, 166–167, 196, 198, 231 Fabricius, Christoffel, 215 frontieren,67 Fagel, Gaspar, 65, 140, 197 Fujian, 79

Index 285

Galilei, Galileo, 172, 174 Grotius, Hugo, 38–39, 41, 104, 163, 167, Galle, 263 217, 253 Gattinara, Mercurino, 152 Guangdong, 259 Gelderland, 7, 54, 149, 166–167, 185, 197, Guinea, 218 199, 208, 231, 245 Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, 15, Generality Lands, 17 62 Genoa, 31 Guyana, 72 Geoctroyeerde Sociëteit van Suriname, 268 George I, King of Great Britain, 184–185, Haafner, Jacob Gottfried, 255–256 187, 200–201 Haarlem, 21, 25, 27–28, 46, 74, 154, George II, King of Great Britain, 190, 208–209, 234, 244, 256 199–200, 234 Siege of (1572-1573), 46 Gerards, Balthasar, 10 Habsburg, House of, 2, 7–8, 12, 16, 22, 25, Ghana, 73, 218 33, 39, 42, 44–46, 48, 62–64, 73, 75, Ghent, 25 95, 103, 121, 145, 149, 152, 178, 234 Ghent, Paciﬁcation of, 9 Haga, Cornelis, 31 Gibraltar, 107, 185 Haidt, Johan Valentin, 210 Battle of (1607), 107, 115, 253 Halewijn, Simon van, 148 Gijsius, Joannes, 90 Halifax, George Saville, marquess of, 143 Gillray, James, 238 Hall of Audience (The Hague), 160 Glencoe, Massacre of (1692), 143 Hall of Nobles, 98 Glorious Revolution, 118, 142, 145, 147, Halle, 255 149, 152–153, 157, 160, 164, 178, Hamburg, 20, 206–207 190, 200 Hampton Court Palace (London), 160, 238 Goa, 32, 38, 121 Handel, George Frederick, 200 Gold Coast (Africa), 75, 84, 133 Hanover, 185, 199–200 Goliath, 43 Treaty of (1726), 188, 190 Goltzius, Hendrick, 94 Hanoverian Succession, 185 Gomarus, Franciscus, 54, 167–168 Harderwijk Gomes da Silva, João, Count of Tarouca, University of, 166–168 223 Harlingen, 115 Goslinga, Sicco van, 193 Admiralty of, 106, 250 Göttingen, 170 Harris, James, 245 Gouda, 117, 244–245 Harskamp, Everhard, 147, 222 Grand Alliance (1689), 143–144, 190 Harvey, William, 172 Grand Design (1623), 73, 83, 124 Harwich, 112 Grand Privilege (1477), 7 Hattem, 245 Granvelle, Antoine Perenot, Cardinal, 8, 15 Haykens, Mentet, 252–253 Grave, Hendrik, 251 Heemskerck, Jacob van, 38, 107, 253 Gravesande, Willem Jacob ‘s, 169–170, 173 Heemskerck, Johan van, 41 Great Assembly (1651), 97–98, 100, 196 Heim, Anthonie van der, 194, 198 Great Assembly, Second (1716–1717), 146, Hein, Piet, 73–74 196 Heineken, Henry Pierre, 247 Great Britain, 201, 209, 237, 239, 241, 279 Heinsius, Anthonie, 65, 150, 177, 185, Great Council, 8 196–197 Great Northern War (1700–1720), 145 Heinsius, Daniël, 167 Greenland, 210 Hellevoetsluis, 179 Grenoble, 130 Henry III, King of France, 11 Groenlo, 61 Henry IV, King of France, 65 Groenveld, 19, 21, 57, 142 Henry, Prince of England, 21 Groningen Heren XIX, directors of the WIC, 72–75, city of, 72, 166 82, 123–124 province of, 7, 54, 67, 102, 167, 192, Heren XVII, directors of the VOC, 34–35, 198, 231 38–39, 123, 132, 259, 263 University of, 161, 167–168, 216 Herengracht (Amsterdam), 93

286 Index

Hernius, Justus, 216 Hudson, Henry, 1 Het Loo Palace, 160 Huguenots, 10, 56, 62, 91, 116, 138, 156, Hillegaert, Pauwels van, 92 158, 160–161, 199, 229, 269 Hinduism, 178, 214 Hume, David, 242 Hirado, 37 Hume, Patrick, 158 Hobbes, Thomas, 104, 234 Humphrey, Hannah, 238 Holland, 5, 7, 18, 23–27, 31, 47, 54–55, Hundred Years’ War (1337–1453), 7 57–59, 98–99, 105, 116, 123, 140, Hungary, 103, 168, 229 157, 167, 193–196, 198, 201, 209, Hurons, 210 235, 250, 253 Huygens Principle, 174 admiralties in, 106 Huygens, Christiaan, 173 agriculture of, 29 Huygens, Constantijn, 22, 173 commerce of, 29, 230 Count of, 7, 149 Iberian Peninsula, 24, 71–72, 76, 124, equestrian estate of, 65, 201 157–158, 206, 250 Garden of, 50, 87, 220 Iconoclastic Fury (1566), 5, 8 identity of, 50 IJ (river), 119 industries of, 27–28 IJssel, 140 King of, 277 India, 37, 41, 78, 81, 121, 129, 133, 178, Maiden of, 50 214, 226, 241, 255–256 merchant ﬂeet of, 105 Indian Ocean, 133 merchants in, 27 Indonesian archipelago, 32, 35–36, 78, 81, migrants in, 25, 29, 161, 163 97, 121, 123, 133, 257, 279 navy of, 105, 112 Instruction regarding the admiralties nobility of, 52, 65, 201 (1597), 106 politics of, 30, 55, 57–59, 72 Ireland, 52, 142, 156, 158, 164 ‘Prince of’,78 Isabella I, queen of Castile, 158 stadholder of, 8–9, 140 Islam, 136, 214, 217, See Muslims States of, 18, 22, 31, 38, 43, 47, 70, 76, Israel, 17, 56, 59, 140 111, 148–149, 166, 201, 231, 240, 245 Israel, Jonathan, 142 towns of, 29, 31, 61, 140, 162, 201 Italian wars, the (1494–), 103 urbanization of, 29 Italy, 5, 7–8, 13, 25–27, 64–65, 76, 92, 103, Hollantsche Mercurius, 155 143, 174, 188, 229 Holmes, Robert, 114, 124–125 Ivan IV, czar of Russia, 27 Holmes’s Bonﬁre (1666), 115 Holy Roman Empire, 7, 20, 25, 29, 51, Jacobite Rebellion (1715), 184–185 61–63, 90, 114, 131, 141, 168, 186, Jacobites, 143, 185 202, 207, 229, 237 Jacobitism, 185 Homer, 15 Jacobsz, Wouter, 92 Homrigh, Bartholomew van, 164 James Edward Stuart (the Old Pretender), Hooft, Pieter Cornelisz., 47, 88 184–185 Hooghe, Romeyn de, 155 James I, King of England, 39, 52–53, 62, Hoorn, 34, 72, 106, 250 158 Hoornbeek, Isaac van, 194, 198 James II, King of England, 124, 141–142, Hop, Cornelis, 147 152–153, 156 Hormuz, Strait of, 37 Japan, 37, 78–79, 81, 129, 176, 214–215, Horne, Philips of Montmorency, Count of, 226 9 Shogun of, 79 House Bartolotti (Amsterdam), 93 Java, 6, 36–37, 79, 133, 214, 216, 259 Houtman Abrolhos, 217 Jews, 1, 30, 74, 158, 162, 177, 274, 278 Houtman, Cornelis de, 32 Johan Willem Friso, Count of Nassau- Houtman, Frederick de, 217 Dietz, 198 Hove, Jacob van den, 165 John Maurice, Count of Nassau-Siegen, 15, Hudson Bay, 185 74, 93, 123, 171, 179, 212 Hudson Valley, 85 Jones, Inigo, 93

Index 287

Joseph, 117 Lennep, David van, 260 Juan, of Austria, Don, 9 Leo Belgicus,12 Judaism, 217 Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, 140, Jülich Succession, War of the (1609–1614), 143–144 53 Lepanto, Battle of (1571), 9 Jülich, Siege of (1610), 179 Leszczyński, Stanislas, 191 Jülich-Cleves, 53 Levant, 25, 27 Julius II, Pope, 33 Liaoluo Bay, Battle of (1633), 79 Junius, Hadrianus, 47 Lijnslager, Hendrik, 251 Limburg, 231, 247 Kandy, 121, 215 Limerick, Treaty of (1692), 142 Kara Sea, 23 Lingen, 160 Karlowitz, Peace of (1699), 144 Linnaeus, Carolus, 169 Keijser, Hendrick de, 93 Linschoten, Jan Huygen van, 32 Kepler, Johannes, 172 Lintelo, Carel van, 146 Keppel, Arnold Joost van, ﬁrst earl of Lipsius, Justus, 7, 14, 167 Albemarle, 164, 201 Lisbon, 123, 146, 159, 165 Khmelnytsky Uprising (1648–1657), 161 Lisola, Franz-Paul de, 152 Khoikhoi, 123 Livorno, 31 Kieft, Willem, 85–86 Locke, John, 157, 161, 234, 242 Kieft’s War, 86 Loevestein Castle, 148 Kildare, County, 164 London, 20–21, 39, 66, 142, 164, 173, 184, Kinsbergen, Jan Hendrik, 255 200, 202, 206, 225, 238 Kong Koan Council, 261 London Missionary Society, 219 Kotawatte, 215 Lorraine, 191 Krook, Enoch, 223 Louis XIII, King of France, 56, 58 Kwinti (people), 274 Louis XIV, King of France, 2, 96, 101–102, Kyoto, 226 113, 138, 141, 144–147, 150, Kyushu, 37 152–153, 155, 158, 160, 173, 180–181, 185, 189, 192–193, 195, La Rochelle, 156 198, 205, 224, 257 Lahore, 226 Louvain, 167 Lambrechts, Martinus, 251 Louvre, 180 Lammertijn, Passchier, 52 Lowestoft, Battle of (1665), 110–111 Languedoc, 66, 156 Luanda, 73, 75, 123–124 Languet, Hubert, 44 Lübeck, 20 Lapland, 202 Treaty of (1629), 62 Laurens, Henry, 241 Lutherans, 10, 62, 130, 162 Le Havre, 112 Luxembourg, 7 League of Armed Neutrality (1780–1783), Crisis of (1683–1684), 150, 192 240 League of Nations, 189 Maas, 220 Leeuwarden, 161 Maastricht, 61 Leeuwenhoek, Antoni van, 173 Macassar, 122 Leibniz, Gottfried, 173–174 Machiavelli, Nicolo, 104 Leicester, Robert Dudley, earl of, 11, 60 Madagascar, 123, 133, 182 Leiden, 27, 54–55, 58, 118, 209, 211, 234 Madeira, 158 foreign students in, 168–169 Madras, 256 migrants in, 28, 162 Siege of (1781), 256 publishers in, 174 Madrid, 2, 8, 42, 59, 66, 95, 146, 159, 192 Siege of (1573–1574), 46, 90, 94 Magellan, Strait of, 34 textile industry in, 208 Maghreb, the, 182 University of, 133, 158, 161, 165–168, Mahicans, 85–86 170, 172–173, 178, 216 Mahicantuck (river), 1 Lenape, 85 Maire, Isaäc le, 27

288 Index

Malabar Coast, 121 Mohawks, 86, 211–212, 214 Malacca, 121 Mohicans, 210 Malay Peninsula, 121 Mokha, 129, 259 Malplaquet, Battle of (1709), 144 Molesworth, Robert, 118 Manhattan, 85 Moluccas, 35, 37, 40, 216 Manila, 38 Monmouth, James Scott, Duke of, 157 Mardijkers, 81 Montague, William, 119 Margaret of Parma, governor of the Low Montaigne, 104 Countries, 8 Montesquieu, Charles Louis de Secondat, Maria Theresa, Archduchess of Austria, baron of, 229–230, 256 queen of Hungary, 191 Montreuil, 225 Maria Theresa, queen of France, 101 Moran, Edward, 1 Maritime Powers, 143, 190 Moravian Brethren, 184, 210–211 Maroons, 268, 274 Morocco, 136, 160, 179, 192, 251 Maroon Wars, 275 Moscow, 66 Marot, Daniel, 160 Moucheron, Balthazar de, 22–24 Marrons, 229 Moyne, Simon le, 212 Marseilles, 165 Mozambique, 123, 133, 182 Marshall, Joseph, 202–203, 209 Mozart, Wolfgang, 200 Mary Stuart I, princess of Orange, 58 Mughal Empire, 79 Mary Stuart II, queen of England, 142, 200 Munsee, 85 Mary, Duchess of Burgundy, 7 Münster, 58, 96, 101–102, 140 Mataram, 79 Peace of (1648), 46, 51, 58–60, 63, 67, Matawai, 274–275 96, 203, See Westphalia Matelieff, Cornelis, 35 Murray, Adam, 165–166 Maurice, Prince of Orange, 13–15, 36, Muscovy, 20, 178 51–55, 57–58, 61, 72, 78, 91, 167, 172, Muscovy Company, 27 199, 252–253, 255 Muslims, 129, 179, 192, 217 Mauritshuis (The Hague), 93 Muyden, Jan van, 260 Maximilian of Habsburg, Holy Roman Myle, Cornelis van der, 45 Emperor, 7 Mysore, Sultanate of, 256 Mazarin, Jules Raymond Mazarin ﬁrst Duke of Rethel, Mayenne and Nevers, 103 Naarden, 46 Mecca, 216 Nagasaki, 226 Mediterranean Sea, 5, 11, 25, 27, 31, Naples, 186 70–71, 76, 114, 125, 136, 164, 185, Napoléon Bonaparte, Louis, King of 204, 206, 250 Holland, 277 Medway Napoléon I, Emperor of France, 278–279 Raid on the (1667), 101, 111–112 Napoleonic Wars, 220 Megapolensis, Johannes, 211 Nasi, Josef, 10 Meijerij, 59 Nassau family, 18, 93, 199, 236 Meiye, Zhou, 179 Nassau-Ouwerkerk, Hendrik van, 164 Melville, George, 158 Navigation Act (1651), 100, 203 Menthy, 226 Nay, Cornelis, 23 Mesnager, Nicholas, 224 Ndyuka (Aukan), 274–275 Meteren, Emanuel van, 26 Nederlands Zendings Genootschap, Meuse (river), 247 219 Michaelius, Jonas, 211 Negapatnam, 241 Middelburg, 22, 30, 33–34, 39, 65, 70, 72, Negro Free Corps, 275 106, 132, 250 Netherlands, Kingdom of the, 42, 279 Middle Ages, 6, 82, 118, 196, 200 New Amsterdam, 85, 125, 181, 211 Milan, 186 New Guinea, 72 military revolution, 13, 67 New London Merchants, 203 Minorca, 185 New Netherland, 1, 84, 131, 181, 212–213 Minuit, Peter, 85 New Netherland Company, 85

Index 289

New York, 1, 125, 211 Overkwartier, 185 Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holmes, Duke of, 199 Palatinate, 62, 90, 141, 158 Newfoundland, 185 Palladio, Andrea, 93 Newton, Sir Isaac, 166, 173, 193 Paramaribo, 267–270 Nieuwe Kerk (Delft), 93 Paris, 20–21, 56, 65–66, 147, 156, 163, Nieuwpoort, Battle of (1600), 69 173, 180, 225–226 Nijmegen, 245 Parliament (English), 59, 124, 141, 143, Peace of (1678), 141, 143, 180 203 Nine Years’ War (1688–1697), 69, Parma, 188 141–143, 145, 155, 172, 194, 249 Partition Treaties (1698–1700), 144–145 Nonsuch, Treaty of (1585), 11 Patras, Abraham, 130 Nördlingen, Battle of (1634), 62 Patriot movement, 228, 243–247, 278 North Sea, 2, 25, 27, 59, 99, 142, 207, 250 Pauw, Adriaan, 65, 92 Northern War (1655–1660), 161 Pavonia Massacre (1643), 86 Norway, 207 Peñaranda, Gaspar de Bracamonte y Nova Hollandia, 6 Guzmán, Count of, 6 Nova Scotia, 185 Penn, William, 189 Novaya Zemlya, 6, 23 Pepys, Samuel, 112, 125 Nunes Belmonte, Diogo, 158 Pernambuco, 74, 123, 180 Perpetual Edict (1667), 140 Old Church (Amsterdam), 107, 253 Persia, 37, 79, 81, 179, 257 Oldenbarnevelt, Johan van, 13, 33, 45, 51, Petit, Jean-François, 162 53–55, 62, 65, 71, 91–92, 149, 253 Philip II, King of Spain, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15–16, Oldmixon, John, 226 25, 42–44, 67, 83, 89, 94, 127, 167 Olivares, Gaspar de Guzmán y Pimentel, Philip III, Duke of Burgundy, 7 Count of, 61, 63, 66, 95 Philip IV, King of Spain, 60, 66, 70, 73, 76, On the Antiquity of the Batavian Republic,47 95, 101 Opglabbeek, 94 Philip the Fair, Duke of Burgundy, 8 Opmeer junior, Pieter van, 12 Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, 7 Opmeer senior, Pieter van, 12 Philip V, King of Spain, 144–145, 185–186, Opmeer, Lucas van, 12 188, 192 Opokuware I, King of the Ashanti, 218 Picard, Bernard, 219 Opregte Haarlemse Courant, 155 Pichegru, Jean-Charles, 247 Orange, House of, 18, 41, 48, 58, 96–97, Pierre, Abbé de Saint, 189 105, 149, 198–200, 235–237, Pietersz, Cornelis, 91 242–243, 247 Piso, Willem, 171 Orange, Principality of, 8 Plancius, Petrus, 171 Orangism, 54, 151 Poland-Lithuania, 1, 160, 168, 190–191 Orangists, 41, 47, 98, 110–112, 138, 140, Polish Succession, War of the (1733–1738), 149–153, 155, 199, 231, 243–246 191, 196 Order of Saint Michael, 113 Polo, Marco, 178 Order of the Garter, 52–53 Porte de Hal Museum (Brussels), 69 Order of the Golden Fleece, 7 Portland, See Bentinck Orizant, Johannes, 41 Portsmouth, 112, 240 Os, Dirk van, 27, 30 Portugal, 1, 29, 32–33, 51, 59, 63, 70–71, Osaka, 226 73, 75, 83, 97, 100, 109, 123–124, Osnabrück, 58, 63 192, 207, 251 Ostend Company, 188, 257, 259 Post van den Neder-Rhijn, 209, 243–244 Osuna, Don Francisco María de Paula Post, Frans, 179, 181 Tellez-Gizón y Benavides, Duke of, 221 Post, Pieter, 93 Otten, Jan, 68 Potiguars, 75 Ottoman Empire, 5, 8–10, 29, 63, 141, Pragmatic Sanction (1548), 8 144–145, 176, 178–179, 192, 195, 217 Pragmatic Sanction (1713), 190 Overijssel, 7, 54, 102, 208, 231 Preston, Alexander, 169

290 Index

Price, Richard, 242 Admiralty of, 106, 220, 250 Priestley, Joseph, 242 Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 256 Protectorate (English), 100, 109 Royal Navy (English/British), 204, 240, Protestant succession, 184–185 251, 279 Protestantism, 8–9, 12, 66, 118, 138, 156, Royal Society (English), 173, 178 192, 214, 216 Ruigenhil, 94 Prussia, 103, 185, 188, 191, 195, 200, 229, rump Parliament (England), 66 237, 239, 246–247 Rumpf, Henrik Willem, 146 Public Treasury of the Union, 250 Rumphius, Georg Everhard, 171 Pufendorf, Samuel von, 104, 234 Russia, 27, 31, 191, 202, 240, 251 Pula Run, 122 Ruysch, Frederik, 173 Punta de Araya, 28, 71 Ruyter, Michiel de, 101–102, 110–113, Pyrenees, Peace of the (1659), 101, 103, 125, 252–255 141 Ryswick, Treaty of (1697), 143, 147, 221, 225 Quadruple Alliance (1718), 102, 186–187, 196 Saint-Aignan, François de Beauvilliers, Duke of, 112 Raap, Daniël, 235 Salamanca, University of, 104 Radziwiłł, Jannus, 169 Salé, 251 Ramillies, Battle of (1706), 144, 223 Salvador da Bahia, 73 Ramos, Josepha Francisca, 192 Santa Catarina, 38 Rastatt, Treaty of (1714), 184, 186 Santen, Gerrit van, 92 Rawlinson, Richard, 223 Sâo Tomé, 123 Reael, Laurens, 133 Saramaka, 267, 274–275 Rechteren, Frederik Rudolph, baron of, Sardinia, 186 196 Savery, Solomon, 58 Recife, 74–75, 123 Savoy, 186 Red Sea, 259 Saxony, 176, 190 Reede van Ginkel, Esther, 164 Scaliger, Joseph Justus, 167 Reede van Ginkel, Godard, 142, 164 Scandinavia, 29, 114, 131, 168, 206 Reede van Renswoude, Frederik Adriaan, Scanian War (1675–1679), 141 225 Sceperus, Jacobus, 117 Reformation, 11, 21, 155 Scheepvaartmuseum, Het (Amsterdam), Regius, Henricus, 168 247–248, 253 Remonstrance, 55 Scheldt (river) Remonstrant Seminary, 78 blockade of, 25 Remonstrants, 53, 55–57, 59, 153, Schenk van Nijdeggen, Maarten, 94 163 Schenkenschans, 61, 92, 94 Renaissance, 14, 88 Scheveningen, 278 Rhine, 94, 102, 140, 143 Schleswig-Holstein, 129, 158 Richelieu, Armand Jean du Plessis, ﬁrst Schleswig-Holstein, Friedrich III, Duke of, Duke of, 103 131 Ridderzaal (The Hague), 97 Schmalkaldic Wars (1546-1552), 62 Riebeeck, Jan van, 123 Schonenberg, Francisco, 146, 158 Rijndorp, Jacob van, 223 Schoonhoven, 245 Ripperda, Johan Willem, 192 Schooten, Frans van, 173 Rivière Manley, Mary de la, 224 Schrevilius, Theodorus, 88 Rochester, 225 Schrijver, Cornelis, 250–252 Rohan, Henri, Duke of, 104 Scientiﬁc Revolution, 87 Romans, 47 Scotland, 20, 52, 68, 143, 184–185 Rome, 93, 216 Scots Brigade, 68 Roselli, Lucius, 177 Sea Beggars, 92 Rotterdam, 30, 33–34, 72, 118, 179, 198, Second Israel thesis, 56 220, 251 Secret Council, 8

Index 291

Segovia, 192 Stadholderless Period, Second Sejm, 191 (1702–1747), 197 Selim II, sultan of the Ottoman Empire, 10 States General, 7, 13, 16–21, 23, 30–34, Seminarium Indicum, 211 38–39, 44, 52, 55–58, 60, 65, 67–68, Senegambia, 133 70–73, 77, 85, 93, 98, 100, 106, Sephardic Jews, 29, 71, 158, 160–161, 179, 109–111, 117, 123, 125, 127, 136, 269 146, 153, 156, 160, 177, 192–194, Setubal, 76 196, 198–199, 205, 207, 220, 231, Seven Years’ War (1756–1763), 236–237 250, 253, 255, 269, 271 Seys, Gilles, 217 States’ Party, 41, 54, 96, 98, 101–102, 105, Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley-Cooper, ﬁrst 111, 113, 118, 138, 149–153, 155, earl of, 157 187, 189, 195, 199, 228, 231, 233, Siam, Ayutthaya Kingdom, 79 235, 237, 244, 246 Siberia, 178 States’ army, 51, 55, 59–60, 67–68, 94, 96, Sicily, 186 98, 102, 106, 114, 140, 142, 151, 172, Siegen, 15 233 Silesia, 191 States’ navy, 110–111, 113–114, 124–125, Singapore Strait, 38 240–241, 248–249, 252 Sittingbourne, 225 Stedman, John Gabriel, 268, 272–273, 275 Slingelandt, Simon van, 146, 188–189, 196, Stevin, Simon, 172–173 198 Stolbovo, Peace of (1617), 31 Sluis, Battle of (1604), 94 Stork-Penning J.G., 144 Smit, Luym, 68 Strada, Famiano, 89 Snellius, Rudolph, 170 Strasbourg, Siege of (1681), 141 Soissons, Congress of (1728–1729), 188, Stuart, House of, 58, 142 190 Stuart, James Francis Edward, 142 Solebay, Battle of (1672), 102 Stubbe, Henry, 116–117 Solms, Amalia van, Princess of Orange, 199 Stuyvesant, Pieter, 125 Sommelsdijk, 20, 65 Suárez, Francisco, 103 Sound, the, 100, 109 Sulawesi, 122 Spain, 1–2, 6, 11, 13, 15, 19, 25, 27, 29, 39, Surat, 129, 226 51–55, 57–59, 61, 63, 67–71, 73–76, Surinam, 125, 148, 208, 210, 229, 88, 94, 96, 98, 101–102, 104, 107, 267–272, 274–276, 279 121, 123, 141, 143–144, 151, 153, Svenska Ostindiska Companiet, 257 185–186, 188, 190–192, 195, 207, 221 Swammerdam, Jan, 173 King of, 153 Sweden, 27, 31, 62–64, 100, 102–103, 109, Spanish Armada, 76 141, 146, 202 Spanish Armada (1588), 13, 87, 94, 142 Swift, Jonathan, 17, 164 Spanish Armada (1625), 73 Switzerland, 45, 56, 68, 105, 168 Spanish Armada (1639), 61 Synod of Dordt, 56–57, 98 Spanish bullion ﬂeet, capture of (1629), 60 Spanish Empire, 2, 5, 28, 71, 127, 144 Tacitus, Publius, 47, 88 Spanish Fury of Antwerp (1576), 9, 89 Tacticus, Aelianus, 14 Spanish Netherlands, 57, 61, 68, 77, Tagus (river), 109 101–102, 141, 143–144, 150, 168, Tangier, 182 186, 205 Tapoyers, 83 Spanish Succession, War of the (1702- Tappan, 85 1713), 69, 144–145, 172, 177, Tarairiu, 83 194–195, 197–198, 201, 220, 224, 249 Teellinck, Maximiliaan, 151 Speelman, Cornelis, 122 Temple, William Sir, 118 Speult, Herman van, 40 Ternate, 35 Spínola, Ambroglio, 61, 95 Tetuan, 192 St. Eustatius, 240 Teutonic Order, 221 Stadholderless Period, First (1650–1672), Texel, 112 41, 60, 100, 150, 200 Battle of (1653), 108

292 Index

Teylers Godgeleerd Genootschap, 256 Valerius, Adriaen, 92 Thailand, 214 Valois, House of, 103 Thames (river), 112 Veere, 160 The Hague, 32, 39, 52, 56, 58, 60, 62, 93, Velázquez, Diego, 95 97, 116, 121, 148, 177, 179, 193, 197, Venice, 19–20, 26, 31, 45, 65, 105, 164, 200, 209, 236, 244–245, 277 176, 221, 251 Treaty of (1720), 188 Venne, Adriaan Pietersz. van der, 12 Thirty Years’ War (1618–1648), 51, 61–64, Verhoeff, Pieter Willemsz., 36 90, 115, 158, 161, 168 Versailles, 225 Tidore, 35 Vervins, Peace of (1598), 13 Tobajaras, 75 Vienna Todesillas, Treaty of (1494), 33 Congress of (1815), 279 Toledano, Haim, 160, 179 Siege of (1683), 141, 192 Tondern, 129 Treaty of (1725), 188, 192 Transsylvania, 161 University of, 170 Triple Alliance (1596), 13, 19 Virgin Islands, 210 Triple Alliance (1668), 102 Virginia, 15 Tromp, Cornelis, 111–113, 252–255 Visscher, Claes Jansz., 127 Tromp, Maerten Harpertsz., 107–108, 111 Vitoria, Francisco de, 103 Tropic of Cancer, 72 Vlieland, 114 True Freedom, 96, 98, 100, 102–103, Voetius, Gisbertus, 168, 216–217 110–111, 113, 138, 140, 149–150, Vogelaer, Marcus de, 27 237, See States’ Party Voltaire, François-Marie Arouet, 200, 256 Tulip mania, 178 Vondel, Joost van den, 91–92 Tunis, 182 Vorstius, Conrad, 53, 158 Tupi, 212–213 Voshol, 94 Turenne, Henri de La Tour d’Auvergne, Vredenburg Square (Utrecht), 223 Viscount of, 252 Vries, David Pietersz. De, 86 Turkeye, 94 Vries, Jan de, 203 Twelve Years’ Truce (1609-1621), 19, 39, Vries, Simon de, 181 46, 53–55, 58, 70–71, 253 Vroom, Hendrick Cornelisz., 21 Twente, 208 Waal (river), 94 Ukraine, 202 Waghenaer, Lucas Jansz., 171 Usselincx, Willem, 70–72 Waldeck, Karl August Friedrich, Prince of Utrecht, 19, 150, 154 Pyrmont and, 199 Cathedral of, 225 Walloon churches, 56 citizens of, 223 Walzer, 103 City Hall of, 147, 222 Wassenaer family, 200 foreign students in, 118 Wassenaer van Duivenvoorde, Arend, Peace of (1713), 138, 144, 147, 152, Baron of, 184–185, 201 183–191, 193, 197, 220–221, Wassenaer-Obdam, Jacob van, 111 223–226, 250 Wassenaer-Sterrenburg, Willem van, prostitutes in, 224 156 province of, 7, 54, 150, 167, 196, 245 Watergeuzen, 9 States of, 88, 231, 245 Waterline, 140 town of, 92, 168, 221–222, 224, 244, 277 Weckquaesgeek, 85 Union of (1579), 9 West India Company (WIC), 28, 51–52, University of, 161, 166–168 57, 72–76, 79, 82–86, 97, 120, Utrechtse Courant, 155 123–125, 128–133, 135, 171, 180, Uytenbogaert, Johannes, 53, 66 205, 208, 211, 250–251, 268, 271 Westminster Vaartsche Rijn, 223 Peace of (1654), 100 Valckenier, Adriaan, 263 Peace of (1674), 141 Valckenier, Petrus, 116, 153 Westphalia, 160

Index 293

Peace of (1648), 2, 6, 20, 51, 58–59, Williamson, Thomas, 116 63–64, 68, 98, 100–101, 103, 145 Wilson, 145 system of, 63 Winti, 274 West-Terschelling, 114–115 Winwood, Sir Ralph, 52–53 White Sea, 27, 71 With, Witte de, 123 Whitehall (London), 113 Witsen, Nicolaas, 178–179, 249 Wicquefort, Abraham de, 146, 222 Witt, Cornelis de, 106, 111, 113, 139–140 Wieringen, Cornelis van, 115, 253 Witt, John de, 41, 65, 96, 99–102, 105–106, Wildt, Job de, 177 109–113, 138, 140, 149–150, 153, Wilhelmina of Prussia, princess of Orange, 173, 205–206 200, 237, 245–246 Wolters van de Poll, Jan, 277 Wilhelmus (song), 42, 91 Woude, Ad van der, 203 Wilkes, John, 242 Willekens, Jacob, 73 Year of Disaster (1672), 96, 102, 138, 140, Willem Lodewijk, Count of Nassau- 142, 149–150, 153, 185, 231, 233 Dillenburg, 14 Yemen, 129, 259 Willemstad, 94 Ypres, 25 William Charles Henry Friso, Prince of Orange, 231 Zaan (river), 28 William I, Prince of Orange, 8–10, 13, Zante, 31 42–44, 46, 89, 91, 93–94, 166, 199 Zeeland, 7, 21–26, 29, 54, 57–59, 67, 70, Apology, 43–44 72, 75, 94, 157, 160, 166, 196, 228, William II, Prince of Orange, 58–60, 231 96–97, 99, 149, 173, 200 admiralty of, 106, 125, 268 William III, Prince of Orange, King of migrants in, 25 England, 60, 97, 100, 102, 112, 138, stadholder of, 140 140, 142–143, 147, 149–150, 153, States of, 22, 123, 231 155, 157–158, 160, 164, 178, Zeist, 210 197–201, 224–225 Zheng Chenggong, 122 William IV, Prince of Orange, 190, Zinzendorf, Nicolaus, Count of, 210, 221 199–200, 228, 231, 234–235, 237, 251 Zoutman, Johan, 255 William V, Prince of Orange, 200, 229, Zúñiga y Requesens. Luis de, 9 235–238, 241–247, 255, 278 Zutphen, 46 Williamite War (1689–1692), 164 Zwolle, 244