Quick viewing(Text Mode)

The Music Industry and Canadian National Identity

The Music Industry and Canadian National Identity

E MUSIC IUSY A CAAIA AIOA IEIY

b

MAK UE

A Oxfrd Unvrt 1991

A ESIS SUMIE I AIA UIME O

E EQUIEMES O E EGEE O

MASE O AS

n

E ACUY O GAUAE SUIES

(prtnt f Grph

W pt th th nfrn

E UIESIY O IIS COUMIA

Sptbr 1993

© Mr fftt 1993 In prntn th th n prtl flflnt f th rrnt fr n dvnd dr t th Unvrt f rth Clb, I r tht th brr hll t frl vlbl fr rfrn nd td. I frthr r tht prn fr xtnv pn f th th fr hlrl prp b rntd b th hd f dprtnt r b h r hr rprnttv. It ndrtd tht pn r pbltn f th th fr fnnl n hll nt b lld tht rttn prn.

(Sntr

prtnt f Grph

h Unvrt f rth Clb nvr, Cnd

^ t 2 Sptbr

E6 (288

Abtrt

h ln btn ntnl dntt nd th ndtr n Cnd r t dvr t b ndrtd th n plt dl f th ntn In rl tntth ntr Itl Ahtn Gr xnd th nptn f rlzd tr rttn b frnr dvlpd n v f pplr ltr hh fd pn th rl f th Stt n ntnn ntnl nt Sn th fdrl Stt n Cnd h ntrvnd n th ntr bn n rnt r Gr h prvd th fl frr fr tht Mrvr h r vd n rhtrtd v f th ntn r nrr pftn f th ntnt f ltr It ll t t v tht Cndn ltr waee Cndn h t rt

-t t ndtv bnnn nd thrtl hrtn th h nt ppld rdl t d b Cndn thr t h bn pt n th dln t xplr rprnttn f Cndn th brdtn nd rrdn nd nrt prtn ndtr nd fnll th ftr f d n Cnd

Gr h n t dtnh btn th cause nd uses f th ntn n prtlr rnt d l xpln h pplr ltr ttr tht pfn t ntnt r vn t rtfl hrn A frr prvdd hh dt tht n t bd pn xhn th ntn fll pltd thn dr l fbr frntl ltrl dffrn nnt b pltll lnd th ntnl brdr It ll t rjt ntlt ntnl nd thrfr th pblt f n th ntn rn t t Cndn n r flln hrt b nt dn thn iee fr thr frn ntrprt In t pl th h nbl t lbrt Cndn rtt fr ht th hv dn n coiuig t dr phr nd ll t pr nvrnnt n hh Cndn tlnt n b rnzd nd lld t r htvr fr t t bl f Cntnt

Abtrt bl f Cntnt^ v t f bl t f r^ v Anldnt^ v Chptr On^Intrdtn^ 1 Chptr ^Snd Cndn^ 39 Chptr hr^Cnn n It r Y?^3 Chptr r^ln h G^ 11 Chptr v^Gn n A Sn^ 13 Chptr Sx^Cnln^ 11 Glr^ 35 blrph^ 3 Appndx 1^Qb A A Strn n?^ Appndx ^Chn In CC d ltn^53 Appndx 3^CI Mln nd btt n th 19 ^5 Appndx ^h tr Of Ard In Cnd^5

v t f bl AE IE AGE 1 Erl rtt n CC- h 57 S dffrn btn Cndn r r bnd 71 3 h pplrt f dffrnt rd frt n Cnd 95 Cprn btn ya Aams nd thr t 1 5 h f ACO pplnt n dffrnt prjt 15 h dffrn btn ACO nd dAC 15 7 n r hn b dffrnt rp t f r ^ IGUE IE^ AGE 1 h tnl plr thn ltrl hn^1 h rltnhp btn th Stt brdtn nd nd rrdn ndtr n Cnd^17 3 A ptr dvrtnt fr th Grt Cndn rt^ 15

v Anldnt

I ld l t thn th flln ppl fr vn rrdd ntrv n f hh ltd vr n hr Mt f th d t lr tht th r vn prnl prptv rthr thn tn rprnttv f thr rnztn nd ntrpr (hh r ltd n th bblrph; I ld l ll rdr t br th n nd h d dn th r bth pbl nd njbl Sn Alxndr ff tn l t nn rhtn r rbrn Wrrn Gll "" hntn Shrn Kll Mrtn b n Mn rr vd Mlln In bl Ell O n Obrn rd hllp l hrbrn Uftn Alf Wll h flln ppl r nd nh t rndr vr rv nn ln (Wae Music Caaa Wltr rd (pt f Grph UC Cthrn Mrn (ewek ecos rr Mhrn (Mln St Wrrn (pt f Grph EWU Al I ld l t thn th flln fr vn hlpfl rttn nfrtn Mrn Attn ll hn Gttn Ellt f n n nll I ld l t pll thn prvr n brt vd nd thr tt br t UC fl n Enlnd Cln nt nd Kll hnn Obvl I thnn bt

II Chptr On Intrdtn "p hp p t t r th dffrn n" - 51

At frt ht th hr vlblt f pplr t tht d t t bt prn nd nvrl dn r fr f ltr lntd fr n rphl ntxt Ml tl h r hh hv trdtnll bn td th ppl f prtlr pl nd ltr n ppr n rrd hp vrtll nhr n th rld h t tht pplr rtl lbl dt nd t b rlvnt t hthr thr nthn bt th hh n ntrbt t prtlr pl-bnd ltr A l xt n d t f xhn n l hthr nd n ht n t rnbl t ndr r n nt f ltrl prl

It ld b ntndd tht rnt ln th bt f r fl t ndr tht pplr rrv fr pf rph f prdtn nd ntrbt t nthr pf rph f xhn nd nptn In ft f h t ndr ndtr t th ntnl

1 r th n ice o u You n thr lb ea ea (Soy Music Caaa 199 I n th tr ock hr l Grbr (199 t ppl t n tp f pplr lthh I rlz tht ll t n thn r pf Al th rd ac ais nd t a hv bn d ntrhnbl fr vrt

l fnd tht ntr r n vr prdnt h pltl n rn fr Cnd rph nfrtn rn tht th ntr ndtr l n thr ltrl ndtr ffr fr bn bth rnll frntd nd lbll rnl Gvn tht rrnt ndtrl prdnt th ptntl fr Cnd ndtr n hlpn t bld ntnl ltr tnbl h ntrl l f th r t ndr ht h bn dn n pt f th ntr dfflt h n tln f th nvrnnt fr n n Cnd nd th ttpt f th fdrl Stt t nfln t fr th frt prt f th ntrdtn h n hh thr ppl hv tdd th ttn rdnl xplnd nd fnll n thrtll nfrd pprh bd pn n pt f th rtn f th Itln Mrxt Antn Gr td

Althh th r prrl f pn th ntnl prdnt f d nd hrd b Cndn t rth ntrdn th tn f rnl ltr brfl t ndr h h th dtrt fr th pblt f Cndn tzn frn n f dntt th bd t lrr l h xtn f rnl ltr thn ptl t n tht tn nrnn h th fft ntnl nt ltr nd rr lltn n th ndtr b prtnt K nld h h f th Stt rnzd n

rnl lvl th z f bln btn dffrnt rn nd ht th fdrl Stt dn fr th rn hh ld pt t dr prjt f ntnl nt M pld nd hrd n Cnd rrv fr pf rph f prdtn hh nvnl dvlpd Cnntl tn f ltrl hnt nd th pnn f prtlr rn nd th ptl dtrbtn f rr n ntrtnnt ndtr r rth rn n n td f th ntn pplr ltr h ntr ll ttrd ppltn nd vt rnll ntrnhd rph ttr nt jt n btl t trn bnd h bl f th ndtr ltd n nd rnd rnt h t nt nl rv n f th rr lltd• fr th ndtr nd rt fndn n nrl n Cnd bt t l pt prtlr lnt pn th Cndn rnzd nd ntrprtd rthrr th trn lbbn pr f Qb ll tht prvn t b rnzd prt t n fdrl rt pl hh rlt n pl trtnt S hn d ntnl pl rr tlnt pl r nthn lr hr th n bnfr rd nd thr h ft f ltn t b tn nt ndrtn

Whl drdnt rn b n ntrnl thrt t Cnd nt b th ntr ndtr ttd thn dr fbr f lbl xhn th

3 nnt prdnt f Cndn n n ll nfnt fr nrn Spfll th prdtn f xt n nthn pprhn fr rt th pr f frn rrd lbl rn brnh f lrr rprtn (nd lld jr Stt ntrvntn nd th ndrrtn f nrt b lr rprtn r f th ftr hh th tr npplbl On xpl rlt t rvn f th nr rt fr rrdn n Cnd Cndn ndpndnt rrd pn hv h llr prtnl bdt thn jr bd td th ntr Whl th dntn f th Cndn rrd bn rt b xtrnl jr (nd thr rtt b nn f nr prfrn th rt nvn b th jr r n ptn t dnt nd th hlp ntrt th prfrn n th frt pl plt ttr frthr bth Cndn rtt nd lbl r flttd b th jr lbl

Aftr th th Cndn r th nd hht rrd br pr hd f ppltn n th rld (Cn Cpr n9 19 p Yt th ppltn f rnd 7 lln th fr nl 3 f th lbl rt fr pplr ( Obrn es comm Sth f th 9th prlll th USA h ppltn tn t br n hh p th ln nd fr th rld lrt ntnl rt fr pplr 197 rrd l n th USA ttlld vr $ blln n prn t rnd $1 blln

n Cnd (Ca usiess v/1 197 p3 Invtbl h lrr rrdn nd brdtn ndtr h dvlpd t rv th US rt

If h t ltr n ntnl tr thn n vn t ndr dffrnt frr fr pprn th rltnhp btn ntnl ltr Sucua imeiaism th d tht n ntr ltr n pntrt nthr trrtr soey b th nvdn ntr ntrl lrr r ptlzd hnr f d nd ltrl prdtn h d pf tht ltr trll trnttd bt nr t ntnt vr th prl rtn tlnd bv ( frntd ll dt rt n tht fr Cndn rtt t rl rrd nd prt th brd r thn tpttn; t n n nt Sn Cndn n nd thr ltrl prdr th USA trt rt th hv t tlr thr r t th tt f frn ltnr rthrr th US rt nt nl fft th prdtn f Cndn tlf bt l th nptn f h thn Cnd Cnrn bt ntnl dntt hv prptd th Cndn fdrl Stt t ddr trtrl n n t ntr ltrl ndtr On nl bd frthrn th pr th M Cn hh rprtd n

5 th b f^ r f rv hrn nd brf btn 199 nd 19513

Ardn t tt (1991 p3 nt nl r th Cn hrn dntd b "ntlltl ltrl brrt rtt nd vlntr tn" bt "th nr thlv r drn xlvl fr ht ld b lld Cnd ltrl lt" rnfr thr prtlr v f ht th ntn hld pprt n Cnd th ntn f pplr ltr bn n Arn nr tn p fr th USA h n thrt fr th Arn ddl l ft tdn thr ntn pplr ltr h dr b n xprt dt tn p b Cndn thn th rth lttl ltr At M Cn hrn rnztn rprntn Cnd ltrl nt bld Ar fr l f dntt rth f th US brdr bth ntr hrd ntnnt nd ln bt th USA hd n f l It rd tht hvn lr ntnl rt nt US prrr ld plz n thn t nr rtn h ft tht nh rt ld l b trtd nrd n ttpt t prtr US pplr ltr nlth h ltr nfltd th Cndn

3 Infrtn n th M Cn d hr drn fr tt (1991 On l txt fr rtn bd n th d hrd rt h U f tr (1957; bdd 19 p5

6 ltr t b rnzd Cndn ltr n tvt hd t b hhbr tt (1991 p31 h td "Cltrl lt bttrd ntnl b prvdn t th dtnt• dntt nd nvtn f rl prrt r th ltrl lt n th thr hnd ntnl ffrd th pplr ppl nr t vr pbl pn f lt ltr It ptnt dll br"

h M Cn rprt d tht Cnd ld t n xpl t th USA nd tht ltrl lt rth t bld ntn h frt prdx rtd tht dlll th lt f Ar r r td th th prtlr n hh Cndn ntnl dvlpd thn rn l Cndn r hl th nd tht vr tzn pprd t hv ntrdtr rpn n th r bth ntnlt nd frvnt nr f Arn pplr ltr Elt n Cnd ld fn ln btn bln th fr btrl nd -ptn th f th ntn fr thr n hn prjt vr f th M Cn pld pn nd f ht n ntnl dntt thn th ntr Cndn hd l hd f thr n pplr plr On rl xpl h bn ht In Cnd, l ntttn (dtn b vr thrt r nd trdtnll th t pplr tlvn prr n th ntr (Wd 193 p99

7 S f th ltrl pl frd n rntn f th M Cn fndn r nl n tht th tvl t p (rthr thn pvl prrvd ltrl ntttn n th f f prvd US pntrtn h M Cn prdd th vrnnt t bdz Cndn rt t t f prvlnt pt r rth nd th n th f Knn h Cn ntd n t r lnth fr th tt t nr nd bld bt nt drt nd pf Cndn ltr Addtnl fdrl fndn fr th ntr nvrt th Cnd Cnl nd xtndd pbl brdtn r nt th rlt h rl ltrl pl bth nrvd ntttn nd tvl ntrtd thr h tn f th M Cn hv flttd dtn nd tlvn brdtn nd prtd nrt nd hh ltr bt th vdd pp If th tzn nflnn th M Cn hh ltr th nl fr f Cndn ltrl xprn rth f pprt thn thr pl pld tht nthn prvd bth frn nd fr f pplr ltr h r n ntbl t bld th ntn

fflt ltnt n th f thnn r hhlhtd hn rl tlvn b rltd t nr Cndn ntnt flln th 195 rdtn At Chp Cndn z h r nrll pplr nd

nrd dn rtn (Maceas v75/3 19 p5 Yt lthh th h hd bn d n Cnd nd b pplr th r frnd pn n thr ntnt dd nt t Cnd th hh lt prrn (Maceas v3/ 197 p111 Cnntl th lr Cn tblhd t nvtt Cndn brdtn In 195 tht Cn rd tht Cnd pbl brdtr th CC hd t hldr t h f th ht f th ntn b tlf pll n th ntxt f pttn fr n rr f prvt brdtr5 ntn th rv pbl prprt nd th brdtn t nfd fld ld bln pttn btn th CC nd thr ttn (ll 19 p1 In lt f ntnnl ntnl dn pd nd n 19 th n rdtn At tblhd A rlt t lld n r-lnth tt bd th Cndn d-lvn nd lntn Cn (CC t b rtd In 1971 th CC bn rd rltn hh pfd tht prprtn f ltn pld n r hd t b Cndn n ntnt It b pplrl nn Caco

Whl th CC rd rltn r fr n nd f (ll trdtnl r pplr n rd th e aco rd th frt tp trd pprtn pfll Cndn pplr ltr n rltn t

5 CC tnd fr th Cndn rdtn Crprtn

9 h frd t nr th rplnt f prt th h prdt nd ld ptntll ll Cndn r n nrl t prv pn t rnl prdnt rhp r prtntl th r l rntn f th lbbn pr f n brn ndtr t th t (Yr 1971 If th Cndn ndtr h b pltd thn ntnl prjt pll n th nd f th 19 t prtnt t xplr th rltnhp btn nd th ntn

h th t xplr th l rltn rnd prdtn nd nptn n ntxt f ntnl It l t h ft f ttrn hv bn t ltr ttr f ft A h t r ltv thn nthn ln t b n bjtv rprt n th ndtr n Cnd Cnrn hr f n dpt vr h Cndn r rprntd h l th rht t p fr th ntn h lf h Cndn nd t ht tht v th A rndn ndrtn thrfr t lrf h nflnn h b n th n f th ntn nd ht rn xt fr th t d Eh hptr hhlht dffrnt ndtr ntrl t th prdtn nd nptn f n Cnd nd t xprt brd h ndtr fr th rnd fr dbt b th r trrn f trl vr hh th ntnt nd f ntnl dntt r nttd

0 Ad r n th prtlr r r rltvl r Otd th ntr Cndn r th ndtr bhnd t h rrl bn xnd xpt b ll hndfl f rrhr pfll ln t ntn n th rn f lr rt (Wll nd M 19 vr n t n r f nrn n Cnd th prl prdnt f ntnl ltr n nrl h bn tdd dl Yt t nl rntl tht d hv pd r ttntn t th ndtr rthr thn thr d h tlvn nd fl S fr th r prdd (Grnt 19; Wrht 19; nd vrl rtl n Cuua Suies v3/5 1991 h bn xplrtr nd th f xptn (Gll 1993; Shphrd 1993 ln thrtl fndtn In ft f t h bn dtntl esseiais n tn nn tht t xprd th d tht Cndn h n essece hh dtrn tht t hld b prtlr

Sh td tht Cndn h nfn lt nd rh fr tht nd nl t nntr dfntnl dfflt r xpl x-vd j r rn rt n ntlt p bt Cndn

fr th jrnl Cuua Suies Sh rd "ntr- flvrd pp ntll Cndn pp " (1991 p351 rn thn hd t xtnd th dfntn ll

nd xld rtn t Cnntl th r nltd rtn n b n prtlr (rdfntn f Cndn dntt nd n th US n ll pplr frl rn nt n t bt Qb "dppntnl h f thr n pp n Enlh" (p35 h phr td t rtrt ht ppl n Qb ld fl frtbl dn b t pd th thr n dppntnt n t fll tzn In h trl fr d dn bd pn n th f nrtl ntnl ftn ntn th b f pplr rtn nd th r ftn l nfrd nd r bvl prjt rnttd thn pplr r h f th th nt t pl Cndn bnd nrtll pn ntlt l hh rt th r r l Cndn n th hl pnt t dtf tht f thnn pprtn nrr nd nfr prjt f ntnl dntftn Sn t th btrr nd dfndr f ntnl dntt l fld xr b t ld b rd tht th ntn f ntnl dntt tlf fld n

Evn th r hrtnn nd ll nfrd d r n th Cndn ndtr t n p b t nnt jtf pprtn Cndn ltr r xpl

"h nd t th f th fl n nd d t n Arn r [thr] ppl [vrb, h Spn, nn St] hd n Cndn v t ll; th r d t ft th US frl" (rn 1991 p351

1 Wrht (1991 p31 ttd Wll Wtn nl aioa asimes e ecoomics o Caaia eisue (19 b t d th ntlt d f "Cndn" t vt th trl prdd f rn th ffn f Cnn vr Wrht (1991 p315 nt n t lbrt prttn fr nrn th "vl nd rn f Cndn rrdd prdt vlbl fr Cndn nr" tht n h tht ft prtnt Wr h Wrht brdr n trtrl prlt ptn nd rh n p b t pf tht ltr trll trnttd bt nr t ntnt

Wrtn n rl tntth ntr Itl Antn Gr xnd pplr ltr nd th ntn Grn (19 p17 h td tht n "rprnttn f tn r fndntl t th l nd ltrl trl f th 19 nd 197 nd r t rtltd n rprnl prrv " t dd tht Gr d hv nt bn tn p n td f pplr ltr n Cnd It ld b rd tht Gr nptn f th aioa oua prvd fl frr fr th rtn f th prdnt f pplr d b Cndn n rltn t th Stt nd ntnl dntt lrf tht l th ntxt dtl r rnt nd rlvn f h r ll b xplnd

13 Gr r p n n Sthrn prvn f th nl nfd ntn tt f Itl lt n th nntnth ntr h ntr hd bn frd fr lltn f prt trrtr n 11 ( r bfr Cnd nd n Gr lft ndrn l ltrl rph nd pltl trnfrtn Itl hd lr rl pnt ppltn trn rnl ltr nd n ndtrlzn rbn hrtlnd n th rth hh ll plld t prt n dffrnt drtn Ant th trbln n rnt ft prt t ntrl f th ntn drn th 19 (r 199 p A n n Gr rtd fr h h n th Sth t rthrn ndtrl t nd b tvl nvlvd n Cnt plt b fndr nd thn nrl rtr f th Itln Cnt rt nd rlt rrtd n rlnt n 19 nd prnd ntl h dd n 1937 ( 1975 p3

hrh r rnt rntn f h r Gr h bn ld b th t prtnt fr n tntth ntr Wtrn Mrx ( 1975 p9 nd th t ld Mrxt rtr n pplr ltr (br 197 p1 vr nbd drtl ntrtd n Gr rtn f dntn t fr nbr f rn fr h nfnnt Gr flld r f ais tvl nn thr th h tn nd xprn n th rl rld t prv th

1 fftvn f h plt On n prn lthh h b l ltnt nd r rfltv (br 197 p19 h ntnd t n thr nd prl nfrtn thrh n ntrt n ltr r prn h rt dn h thht n Itln ltr nd thr tp n r f 33 ntb th Qdrn (rtl 19 p171 h r frntr prvnl nd nplt rrd f h d hh prvd tln fr frthr td Gr thd f prx nt tht h d t hp rthr thn pprd ttll xpndd r Mrvr t rvnt th prn nr h blvd t hv frntl d d rd nd ph ( 1975 p3

hrh h ntb Gr dvlpd th ntn f hn. h tr n ldrhp, th dntn f n rp b nthr th th nnt f th dntd rp Gr prjt n prl xplrtn f ptlt t n rdr t nvr th d f hn hh d th fntn thl A h th tr d n dffrnt n h r t xplr ltr dtn nd prt plt vr r ttntn hr n b fd pn n hh h xplrtn f hn b nrnd th pplr ltr

15 igue 1 e aioa oua wii cuua egemoy Intlltl

pl - tn / tnl - plr ltr (ntrl fr

^ Etnl nd Intrt

Cn pl (Sr Cpld fr r nd ll-Sth 195

Gr b nrnd th ltrl plt t frthr h Mrx b h rlzd tht pplr ltr p t e commo eoe bt ld b rttn nd pprprtd b nbd ntrtd n ldn th r 1 h h th tnl plr fttd nt Gr nrn th th ltrl d f hn rtn tht prrv pltl nd ltrl dvlpnt rrd ntnl ph ( 197 p111 drn hh th tnl plr ntrtd nd pt t At th lt lvl h rlzd tht pplr ltr p t th ntrt nd tnl nd (p3 f th n ppl7 h dtntn btn ntrt nd nd d b Gr th frr t nd pl pf (p37

7 nbr drtl ttrbtd t Gr r drn fr Antn Gr Sltn fr Cltrl Wrtn (r nd ll-Sth d 195

1 r Gr th tr ntlltl d n dffrnt ( 197 p17 In ft Gr ntn f ht nt b th lbl ntlltl nttt rdl br fr trdtn nd t r npn dfntn thn nl hld Whl nrll thn f n ntlltl pl n d hlr Gr d th tr ntlltl t drb n prn prdn thn nnfl nd thrfr pn o th ppl In Gr r ntlltl ld b ltrl prdr rn n ntrtnnt dtn r prt plt Gr thd rdl b h thr th tr nt flx nd thrfr pltzd r hh d nt nrll ndr rrntn pltl ttntn

In th pltl dnn f hn n ntlltl n prn pprprtn th tnl plr n rdr t p fr th ppl h h tht t t pl Gr nldd th xpl f acoiism n th frtn f rn ntn bn th n vn t tp f pplt plt n hh n lt ld rt pr fr thr nttn th rht t rl th ntn b lnn th th n ppl Gr rd tht n lr nttn hh h lld th ppl-ntn (p93 bndd tthr b th tnl plr nd ld b pprprtd fr pltl nd

17 Gr nrnd th hn b t hn hh ld v ntr n dffrnt pltl drtn dpndn pn th ntlltl nvlvd hrfr h d dtntn btn br nd rn (rn l ntlltl ( 197 p17 r ntlltl ld nl rt ltr fr br pnt f v hh nt tht th nn f th rn l ld b hddn b ltr ntrtd rnd th simiaiy f ndvdl ddl l xprn (p91 Gr •thht tht n rlt th ld rt ieacica tnl plr nd n r prrv ttn n egaiaia tnl plr ld b prdd b rn ntlltl (p9 h l nn rtd ld prvd n nvrnnt n hh vnrd prt ld ld th rr nd pnt nt rvltn

h nt rlt f th vr-rhn nrn tht Gr t n n ntrt n th ntrnl rn f th pplr ltr n h n t nd pl Gr nrn th h ntr fr t rl n rn fr h n prx nrn th n Itln tnl plr tht t ld b drn nt h prx h Gr rfll nd t vd n prl r f rnl nd pnt ltr ( 197 p111 b hn prtlr pplr ntrtnnt hh nldd th thtr pplr ftn pr nd nrt

1 (r nd ll-Sth 195 p Wht h fnd Itl hd lttl lbrtd trl n t pt f t tnl plr b f th hn f frn ltrl prdr pn th Itln ppl dvlpd h d fr th xpl f pplr ltrtr Gr td tht b th pbl prfrrd t rd th rlzd pplr ftn f frn thr th ndrnt th rl nd ntlltl egemoy f th thr h hl th Itln Stt plnnd fr hn vr t tzn t tlf bjtd t hn n tht t n ppl ld frn ltrtr

At th t lthh br Itln ntlltl r rtn trl hh t f thr fll tzn dd nt l th ld thr r ht dfnd th ltr f Itl ntn Itl br ntlltl hd -ptd th f th ntn nt t fl th ht f th ppl nt th ln t d thn n th ntnl ntrt t vd th lbl f dnt nd rrv nn t ntld (p55 Yt b dn th th br ntlltl r ln t n nd dfn th ppl; th r pn fr th ntr rp f tzn rthr thn jt thlv Gr rd Itl n ltrr ltr nt ntnl n t nt pplr nd hd n ntrl fr (p In fft th n ppl hd prtd thr pplr ltr Itl hd n prt aioa

19 oua lnt n ftn n ht ld Itln ltrtr nt pplr th t f th ntr tzn vr th pbl r nt ttll prn t xt n th prfrrd Itln (p 55

Gr th prnt v f ltr hh bd t th ntnl l nd t tht bth th ntnt f ltr nd th f th ntn mae Mrvr t (nntn vt v f ltr A lltv rp th ntn vt f rtn fr f frn pplr ltr Stt nd (f tht l rp ndrd ntnl prtnt br Itln ntlltl h Stt vt f t ntblt t th n ppl t n fr trd pl nd bth Itln nd frn br ntlltl h frn rtr nd Itln ntlltl ppr t bnft th t fr th hl ttn Gr pl tht th ttn ttr t t th Itln Stt h ffrt t t ntr prt ndrnd b lln th prt f ptn bddd n frn pplr ltr h t t b rlzd tht Gr h nt pn f td f pplr ltr n t h t nrr f Whl t d nt dll n nr v f ltr ht th h n xplr ll th rl f th Stt

h hl h prnt Itl th t fr pl tn th ioies; t fr fr hh th rdr r th dn In rrh fr th hptr hh fll nr rn rd prhp th ntn f ioy tlf nd frthr xntn

M (19 rd ttn rn f th dn t pnfl nd fln fr vn hrtr h d nt ndrtnd th fll ntxt f thr tn nd nnt bnd th dt nvrnnt t fnd th r tn ht fln t fr drpn btn dt pprn nd dr rlt (M 19 pp5 3 h frt thn rn t isace btn th brvr fr th ttn nvlvd; dtn fr hh rtr nd ntlltl hv drn thr thrt ptn nd pr t xpln thn trll rn d pl t hn rld v b hn tht th dtn th nvr n lnr

Mn nttr hv fnd tht rn dfnn ftr f Cndn ltr r xpl nd thn (1991 h fnd rn t b th ftr f rtn nr f Cndn rtn Slrl rr Grnt (19 p1 h rd rn b th "t dtntv ftr" f Cndn pplr h td f tht • hrtrt vdd hr b t l tht Cndn ltr esseiay rn t ptntll nfln th tl f tht Cndn n hl fln frtbl tzn W r nrn bt rn hr b Cnd ltrl ndtr r rddld th rn tn fr thr ntrntnl nd htrl prdnt vr n fr tht ndvdl ltrl prdr r l bjtd t th rtn t nt rprn tht th t prd rn r

2 pprd lll rhtrtd (M 19 pp35

In th rrnt ntxt rn rv t t th nprtrl d ff cuua imeiaism hpth hh t tht frn d r lldn t prvnt th frtn f Cndn ntnl dntt 9 A pltl dv th rt f rn tht hl t aeas t t fr dtnd bjtvt t pt th dn n nld rl ptn trd th ltd ttn b rn th tht prtlr thn mae hdr Adrn th dvtd th f rn trt pltl tl ( 197 p1 t Gr r ptht th h rp nvlvd n h h b hn th ntxt thn hh th prt nthl h h tll fll f rn hh pl tht th ntnt f ltr nd ntn ttr It rptn nrn bt prl wii th ntn rthr thn ln td; t t d nt tp b fr nh t lt th fll pltn f ltrl ntrtn fr r thn n ntr h Gr d rnttd t th ntnl l t nd t b lrfd b rtrnn t h n rtn

9 S lnn (1991 nd n (19 fr rt f th dr f ltrl prl th lttr nrnn th ndtr

r Gr th tnl plr hl ntt nn "rlt" (p7 "prt" (p319 "dpr ltrl btn" (p13 hh rtd "bnd f drt ldrt" (p35 btn th ppl nd ntlltl S vn th rnd fr Gr nrn th ltr t pbl t r tht th tnl plr vtl fndtn f h thrtl trtr h npt ntnd dffrnt fr f ntrtnnt nd th r ntrnll dvdd nt tn fr xpl rl ltrtr tn f ltrtr hh prt f th tnl plr (p3 t h n ntrt n thtr phd h trd ftn nd thn r rn f pt Gr ntd tht ppl tdn th tnl plr hld brdn thr hrzn t l t th pplr ltr f h ntr hl (p9 In rlt h td tht f ntr ln n n tnl plr pt t tzn p fr t b lbrtn thr tp f ntrtnnt hh r prdd b thr ntn (p37

Whl Gr h prvdd rnd fr dn b bth bnt Wtrn Mrxt nd tdnt f pplr ltr h v n th tnl plr hv nt bn dl xplrd vr h b hpn fr Mrxt hnt nrnd th th dltn f rn l ltr rtn hnd n th 195 In ft bth n nd th plr r nldd ntr n nd Wll

2 Krd (197 h nrn fr h fndn fthr f ltrl td prtl nrvtv nd rnt ttpt t d n rnt dl f lln nd prtl n xplrtn f thr n rn l brnd Whn Gr rtrnd f fr th rnh hl n th lt 197 ph pn th n hh h d pt pplr ltr nt prrv frr An pprtnt rtd hh lld htr t b rttn fr eow nldn rn l plr nd rtn tndpnt fr hh th bltrn ld p (ll 197 p-1 h prt f dr rtvtn f Gr d n rdr t xplr thr ptntl fr ntn Mrx th thr trl (Grn 19 p5

h rth nrn th Gr dd nt xplr th prlt pt f hn fr t lt t rn rtl Gr d n prl hd bn rnl thn Wtrn Mrx rtr ntd t ddr thr xplrd b Gr thn th rbr f hn (rtl 1975 p17-17 Sndl Gr pfll ltrl rtn hd nt bn lltd n n Enlh trnltn nd r dprd vr h prn ntb ntl Antn Gr Sltn fr Cltrl Wrtn (r nd ll-Sth es pprd n 195 h Opn Unvrt plr Cltr Cr t hd tn p th n ntrt n Gr fr th rnh hl nd r

ftr h n lltn f rtn r trnltd pblhd b rfltn th rlt f thr nrn fr h r (nntt e 19 An Gr ntn f hn hn f prl nrd On rn ld hv bn tht th ntrntnl pt f hn nt thht rlvnt t td f rtn ttn Al xplrtn f Gr d n th UK tbld pn th prbl f eiig th pplr (Grn 19 p rz Ant Gr rtn r bd rnd th rn f ntn hh rnd hrnt n pt f th nfln f frn ntlltl pn t f t tzn h l td f h r h tht Gr frn prtlr ntn f ltrl prl hh hnd pn th tn f h rt th ntr tnl plr r vr rn d hv nltd t ddr tht tn th th frr hh Gr ntrtd In ft th hv ll tn p thr pt f h r

If r t t thrtl fndtn th lt f tn Gr prlt ntn f hn nd n t fr r n prtnt t ndr Gr n rn ntlltl ldr fr th rn l h ld r t ltrl prdt hrd th th nfn nn f tht l •ttrn (1975 h hn tht n Cntr rn ntlltl hnd th b nrprtd

5 nt ptlt frr f l xhn Sn Anl-Arn r aways thn tht frr nd nt prdd b rn ntlltl r ntrt n th nt d t rd t fr n lt prjt h brn p th tn f h ltt t t tr t n prt f Gr vrll h Gr hlf brrd d fr dffrnt r flld nn n h blf n vnrd prt nd h flld l n n ntn nrn fr prl ttr Mrvr h v n ntnlt plt n b trd b t nnt Gbrt nd Itln rt h t p th d f bn b nlzn rnh plt ( 197 p19

• Gvn th h t n thr nfln nd dpl nrnd th ll nfrd prl r th rrnt f Gr r nt nrl prbl pll f rlz h dt l t ndrtnd th ntrt f th Stt n pplr ltr f bldn th ntn n th tn f hthr n ddr th ppl hrnt nd rn l ntt nt rlvnt n th ntxt h ppl r ntnl tzn htvr l th fr b r ntrt n dt n f bldn ntnl ltr rthr thn rn l ltr e se rthrr th rrnt td lv d pn n pltl drtn n hh th ntn ld Wht rtfl th imiig f th th t pplr

On dvnt f n Gr frr tht n n vd nrlt thrtl ptn hh trt pplr ltr nlth ntt r thn td th fbr f t Gr ld tht fr ppl pplr plr r r thn jt ndvdl bn n th rlt t ntxt f lltv dntt h d ppl b t d nt pf th ntnt f ntnl dntt t v bnd trtrl prlt npt b bth vdn xtrnl ptr nd xplnn ow th ntnt f ltr ttr h rlt t pn p pplr ltr nd t vhl th d t f trl

Epll n th ndr ltrtr ltd Gr h ll t l t prr r f trl n Cnd n rdr t ndrtnd pplr ltr n t n tr Cnrn thrfr th th ntrnl rn f ltr bt th f r h vrl ddvnt rl ll th trl rttn bt r n Enlh hv bn Anl-Arn n bth ptn nd ppltn n htrll th bl f pplr d nd ld n th rl 19 h rntd fr Ar r rtn1 vr thn Cnd ll bt

1 fflt f nd rfrnn nt tht tlvn nd rd prr hv rrl bn d hr n nthn bt rr vr th nt t dn tht h h e ew Music nd Goo ocki oig hv lr pt n rrnt lltv ntrprttn f Cndn

7 rn tr f l h bn t ppr lnn Cndn bnd t n f ntnl dntt r trn t htr hh fntn n th b rhn fr n thrd btn bnd (Yr 1971; Gddrd nd Kn 199; thrln 1991 r xpl n th ddl f n xllnt prhnv drttn n e a n h b Some ay Soo l thrln (1991 p9

tt • tht Grth dn th br f th rp h "ld th t Cndn" n thrln rnt tn ld n n nlt hh pld tht ppl n l r r l Cndn A r bjtv nd ndtr- ntv bd f rtn bt Cndn h bn n trd zn h ntr n t pprt vrl ndtr nd plt prdl pbltn (e eco M Caaia Musicia nd SOCA Caaia Comose bt n lnr h n ntnl ntnd nr zn11 vr rtl n "Cnd tnl Mzn" Maceas hv prvdd lrl rntntr ntnlt v f th ntr ltr hl dl nppr tr nd rv l rprnt prlf prr rrd

h r hv bn drn pn xtnvl th r bth dl rltd nd fr dtld rhv f th

11 SOCA Cnd rrnt n prfrn rht t fr nrtr th rn tnd fr th St f Cpr Athr nd blhr f Cnd

htr f pplr d b Cndn vr rtl ntrprttn f thr ntnt r ltd b thr n rprtn ltv; hn thr lt t th nt f r-rfrnn pbl btn th r rthrr hl rprt n ndvdl bnd r n dn hh nld r thn n Cndn t r rltvl rr A h t dfflt t ll th nl nd frntr nt n Cndn hl thn pprhn dr S n h t xn Cndn pplr ltr thrh th ln f th pplr pr pl t n dfflt nthl Maceas Cnd dl nppr nd th trd zn r vtl r f nfrtn n n thr lrl nltd ndtr

vr f r t Gr d t nr t xn thr dt dvnt nd hrtn fr th prjt In rdr t d th t xpln h th nfn ptntl f ntnlt n b ndrtd r t tzn ndt Andrn (193 drbd ntn nd f nd nt hh n tht hl nbd n vrbd l n thr ntn tzn ll fl fr f lln th n nthr A b fr dntt ht prtnt bt th ntn nt h tht t nd ( ll lr nt r bt tht t ppl r brn nt thr ntnl tznhp Crll lthh tznhp fndntl nd

9 rnzd pt f prnl dntt rtn pt f ht t n t b br f th rp f tzn r prptll pn t nttn r nn th prt bt nn-ntrdtr prjt ntnl nt n nvlbl rr t n b -ptd t frthr th thr xtrnl

r xpl bdd (19 p19 h td tht th ie Ai fn rlf nrt rnzd b pr f rth ppl (b Gldf nd Md Ur hd tht ht t nt t b rth t r fr ppl f thr ntnlt Iprtntl th t pl t t hn pltn n tht ntr pld tht t b rth t r frt bt nlf nd n fl n tznhp thn hh br f n nttn r ll t hv n n n n n th ntn fr nd f tr ntnr fr n dvr prjt It fr ht ld b lld ouaioa esouce ptn fr hh t p dvntl bt thr ttr rn Grbr (199 p31 h hn h n th USA rht n pltn hv lthd n t h pprnt blt b fr hh t bld thr rnt Oppn thr rnt n ppr t pp th tll rd pr (th ntn nd th fl lt

0 trnn t Gr h prbl hh d bth th Itln nr nd thr npt f ltrl prl th pblt f ppl eieeig ht th rd r ltn t n th lht f thr n ntnlt In n ltrl dntt t b n th frt pl fr frn trl t ppl n n ll brn rthrr Gr n hn ltr cosee Itln rd frn nvl (ll rlzd n nppr nd zn b th ld th rn rtr h ppld t th hn Itln rtr dd nt Al h pld tht fr th xprtr f ltr th nd f th frn rt r nt prpfll ftrd n t th pr f ltrl prdtn hh nl ppl t prdr h hv xprt ndr nrn h ppl t Arn ltrl prdt n rltn t Cnd n fr th US Cnd n ndr rt Gr rnd tht f ntr hhl ptbl t frn nfln t tzn ld hv n rt fr thr n ltrl prdt n h d tht n ntn nvlvd n prlf ltrl prdtn tn n t ltr nt nfntl fftd b td nfln

In th rl f nptn Gr rd tht prtd ltrl prdt ntnd ntlltl nd rl ptn fr thr ntr f rn Alld t th th th xpl f pplr ftn Gr d

31 plt dvn btn frn nd ndn ltrr ntnt Whl frn r ld nt b rd n Itl f th dd nt ppl t th ppl th ppl td t rr frn ptn t th Itln tzn h tn hr n dr th ln btn th t lnt f ntnt f t ll h prbl dtl ppr b t ld b th vr prtd ptn hh bth ll th prdt brd nd nf th tr ntn ltr It ppr tht Gr ndrd prtd hn ptn r nflntl nh t prvnt th ntrnl frtn f ntnl dntt n rtn phr f pplr ltr vn thh th ntr thr ltrl ndtr (n h pr r trn nh t xprt Itln prdt

h brn b t th rl f th Stt In drt t th tr ntn dnt th egemoy f Stt vr ll th nhbtnt blnn t rtn rphl p In Gr h th prttn f ltrl prdt ttr pfll t th Stt b f th r brdr trnfr f rl nd ntlltl ptn nvlvd h t lr tht n tl

bt aioa oec n th nlr th - nd f th Stt t bld prt ltr ntrtd nd ptd b t f t tzn In t dt n th n nvlv hn hh nld th prtn f dl tzn nd th prntn f th ntn hrnt

3 nd prt ntt (rd fr rntn b frn ntr fr xpl drn th Olp G

If rl t ntl th ptn f rjtn Gr frr ld nl lv th jb nd rvn rtn rtr fr jdn ltrl pl h tll nt t th Stt tlf n th ntn fndtnl rr t frthr t f blnn th bdt nd rtrn ntblt Sn n th ltrl ndtr vr hh prprtn f th n pnt trn drtl nt (Maceas v9/11 195 p53 t ld hv trn Knn pltn Al n pl rtn jb n Cnd ltrl ndtr ld hv th pn ff f bldn ltrl nt nthl n jb rtn th l rtrn fr hh t jd t ndrtnd th Stt ntrt n ltr h tt t hthr Stt ntrvntn nt th ntn rrdn nd brdtn ndtr h rtd r jb nd n ht ntt It ld trn tht th Stt ld bth h t nvt n th ltrl ndtr (rthr thn th th r ptntl fr jb rtn th lrr rt nd t pl t lbrt th ntn f t oy ntrtd n jb rtn

Gr pl th ltt l f th Stt t nr ndn prdtn n n ltrl ndtr pbl In th h h prntd th

Stt nfftv (p39 h t tht drtll ltd nd ntbl bd t dd nt hv th pr t hn th prdnt f th ntn vr Gr flt t ht b pbl fr rdl rp t tt th Stt fr t ntvt n ttr f ntnl nt If th Stt ddd t t r vrl th pltn tht t ld thr hv t nr prt r t th fl f ltrr fr trd hh ld prv npplr th th r hnnl th nr f Itln rtr trd pplr ftn ht ld b dfflt fr Itl rtr h hd lrd -ptd th ntnl fr thr n prp Ethr pth ld th b nrl pbl t fll rthrr th t Stt n th 19 prntn Itl n l ntn hn th ntr nl rntl blt t f lltn f prvn (p1 th vrnnt d t dr n trdtn nd th ppl h prt f tht trdtn (p39 thrt ld nt fll hn th ppl tt b th rt f pplr ltr

f n th Stt nt tht Gr tndd t th trtr f th d rnl nrn In Itl tht th hnr hh rlzd nd prntd frn nvl t th Itln pbl In Cnd n prt f th d t th fr f brdtr h brn Arn Cndn nd thr t th ppl In ptlt

3 t th d prt n rdr t prft vr th nl thn bt th d n Cnd tht trl fr ntrl hv l b o bd b ntlltl t -pt th f th ntn n rdr t vd fln t ht nd n ttpt b th Stt t rln th tnl plr It ld b rd tht h dlt h fftvl hftd th dl nvlvd fr th tt t th tzn thlv Intll nl Gr th Cndn Stt t hrnt v f th pplr hh hd n r fr th prdtn r xprt f prtlr fr f th ntr pplr ltr r f Arnztn frd th rnrtn f n rnt hh td Cnd ltr d t dffrnt nd ld b tld f hrnt ntt tr fftvl flln trt hh Gr rnzd th vrnnt bn t v Cndn n nd rrd lbl nfnt ltrl prdr Yt th Cndn Stt h bn ntv t thn tht Gr dd nt xplr th dnr f rnl ltr eecig th f th ntn

In th th h hptr xn dffrnt ft f th pr b hh d b Cndn flttd hrd nd pprprtd Chptr n t tn v f Cndn prntd t nr nd t hthr n dntf nfd Cndn nd nd th pprt n ntlt ptn r hthr Cndn rtt hld b

35 n prt f dffrnt tp f nt tnl plr h hptr nvr h Cndn rtt hvn pplrt r pprprtd rbrd nd lltvl rprntd b th d It bn b ntrdn nd lrfn th pf f l tnl plr ntrrt th ntn f Cndn nd xplr th rl f Cnd rn nd fnll xn vr htrl nddt fr l lnt f th tnl plr

It h bn hn hr tht th Cndn Stt h hnd t pl rnttn trd pplr ltr nd n n b r tv thn th Itln Stt n Gr h Whl n vr th Stt nldd n ll th hptr f th th hptr t nd thr t hhlht t ntrl ln t th ndtr Chptr t nrnd th rltn btn Cndn brdtr nd th CC hh dtrn ht lf Cndn nd h h f t n b pld If rprnttn fr th ntrl tp f th frt hptr tht nrn l fr prt f th hptr d t th pbl ntr f rnt dbt rnd Cnn h th tr f h n ntrl fr n Cnd tnl plr ya Aams pbll lld th CC t nt nlzd

3 In Chptr thr v fr pbl t l t th n hh th nd rrdn ndtr dtrn hthr rtt r rrdd nd prtd n th frt pl nd h pplr th b hn ln btn th fdrl Stt nd th ndtr td f th CC rl xnd; d •t th rrdn ndtr thrh th ndtn t At Cndn lnt On rd (ACO Whl t hptr r rttn n Gr prt fn pplr ltr n t n tr th trl n hptr thr ntn td th rl f dbt fr t nr h n xplr n pt f th rltnhp btn th Stt nd ndtr r ntn n hptr thr n dd hthr ACO h rtd nfntl r jb thn bfr th ndtr rvd xtrnl fndn

rt f th plr f tht t l bl rr; bnd n pl th dntt t th t pln thr tn nd dn t nn fr n nt jt thrh th lr bt fr th ntxt thn -hh th r prntd Chptr fr nvrt th nrn f hptr n t xn h Cndn bnd tvl prtpt n rprnttn f th ntn It nvtt th nrt prtn ndtr pnrhp nd th prtn f vr bd rnzn Cndn n n rdr t h h Cndn pld nt ntxt f ptl lrfn th ntn

h hptr th fr r f ntr-rltd Grn fr n hh ntxt h bn trd vr rn lthh t rdr ll ndbtdl fnd rn th ntrprt vnt fr thr n ptn Wht Gr prvd th n h hh vn t ndtv pftn nd hrtn ll b ptnd n th dln fr t f th flln dn h nldn hptr brn ht h bn fnd b t th h nd ppl th rlt t tn hnn vr th ftr f Cndn pplr ltr n nrl nd Cndn n prtlr tht f fr trd

3 Chptr It Snd Cndn [ue oeos Gr] Klr xplnd h frtrtn d thn tlvn Caai Kagaoo prr flld th Arn rfrn Sd Klr "Id thr h I ddnt r th pld f lln nd hd r Cndn" "Wht tht?" d Klr n hld v "Wr nt r" rpld [] Cdd ttn Klr thr

h hptr t lrf ht bn ld fr n Cndn n lnt f th tnl plr W ll bn b xnn f th n hh n rrdd b Cndn hv bn lpd tthr b nttr n prtlr fr pf rn h n b n ntlt lltv pprprtn f Cndn xt th ptntl rnl btl t l pnnt f th tnl plr r xplrd nll trnd hh ht b rth f ndrtn nddt fr th r lnt n Cnd tnl plr r rtnzd h trnd hh r ndrd nfnt nld Cff h fl hr r nd th ltt rt nd frt rn trnd

In rdr t ndr Gr d nt r ntlt vpnt th ntn f Cndn nd n

1 r Ua Cowoys b nnn n aceas (v1/1 17//9 p59 A frt ^l htt n rd rtn prtlr nd dntt ftn rnd prtlr nr f It n fr brdtr t trt dn nt nd ppl t prtlr dvrtr

b xplrd h tr sou suggess dr f hrd hrn nd thrfr hrd l prjt r prdtn nvrnnt h d f ntnl r rnl nd n tn btn tht nd nd th rphl r t fr nd b pltn th ppltn blnn t tht r r th rp f ppl th Cndn ntn; ntnl nd th rlt t th bjtvt f eig Cndn rn tht Cndn nd fr prt f Cnd ltrl dntt th ntn f h nd ppl t th n t bld n ndtrl nfrtrtr (t rt r prrv Cndn nd nd rt f fr trd (h h t prtt Cndn nd nd ndtr

On dnr f dfnn n nd th xlv ntr f h dfntn nhrnt l Sn Cndn nd ld hv t b dtnt n thr t l b pbl t dfn n n-Cndn nd h l td t th ntn If th ntn rt n r thn bnr dvn t l b pbl t lbl thr nd bn r Cndn t Cndn r nvrl nt t Cndn 3 If Cndn nd dfnd b rthr thn n prdtn thr nd d n Cnd ld b

3 Artt nd prtr (A& tff t rrd lbl fntn t dvr nd n n bnd On A& prn d t lfx fl nr ey Gaa tht h n ndd "t Cndn" (aia Coice ea 9/5/9 pC5 vr A& ppl r ntr fr fndn tbl x nt t n t

40 nrd brd thn phn f vrthn hv nt hn t dfn Cndn Altrntvl t pbl t v fr th nd fr n dfntn t

nld n nd f t Gr ntn tht tnl plr ltr h pl t b d nd ld b th tzn f th ntr nrnd Yt n Cnd nd d b frnr ld b r pplr th ltnr thn th d b Cndn

Ull t d tht nd h ndrd b t ltnr; bt n th th tn b hh ltnr t th dr f ndrnt rdxll Cndn hv trdtnll rnzd thr n nd thrh t pplrt th Arn ltnr (Ca Musicia v/3 199 p Yt t nll tht Arn rlz th r hrn dffrnt nd fr thr n hn th hr Cndn nd hthr th vn dffrntt nd n th nnr pn t tn On dnr pltn f dfnn Cndn nd b t Cndn r nd vrll pplrt tht vn th pltl n f th ndtr h dpnd pn th xt rrnt f th Arn rt Anthr tht bnd hh d nt n td Cnd nl t th hn t b prt f th nd b tn nd th nnt ltr th nd f thr n rd h dl prpt t nr h n l nrhp t Cndn nd dntt

4 h dpt n b dntrtd b th f lr If rll xn th lt hh ld bnd tthr d b Cndn t ld b rd tht th hrn h rtr t llr r xpl f lrl ntnt ntrll t t rthr thn t pbl t rt lt f rtt h hv n bt rph th n (nd t pf t Cnd Yt th rtt n hrdl b lpd tthr pl b ntrtn th th ndtr r tp f prdd Al th rnl ntr f Somi om nd Siga ttt tht th jr tnd t dn l tblhd t ntrll n "Cndn" th pll f th lbl d nt hr thr ht5 rthr t pbl t tr thrd f Cndn bnd r r l rnll lbrtn Ar fr th plr

An rnbl lt f h th ld nld Cnd vvd rnl rph (Somi om Coos Goo igoo Queecs Casoies; tl rrl nd ntv th (uce Cocku oie oeso ue oeo; ll tn nd prr (Gaes o Wa e agicay i ay acma Siga k ag nd rbn nvrnnt (Muay Mcauca Maa a e Muis 5 ppl hv bn bl t ll rph th r ll n Cndn pplr A Clr Er d n 197 "vn n Sthn nd rtn n bt phr nd ld bttlfld r t vd th ttntn f th jr rrd pn" (Ca Comose n1 195 p vr rtn fl rtt nd n r t thr (nldn ay acma hv d h th r t t b lnn n f pl t thr fln

42 t brht th A h rnt tht Cndn bd pn Cndn lrl th h r bt th l f th ppl n th nd th bnd th hv hn t ndr prtnt thn t d bt th ntr bd f d b Cndn vr tht d nt n t bndn ll nr An tn bt h t d b Cndn d nt ntn th th n tll bt Cndn nrtr th d nd ndtr

If fr htvr rn Cndn dn d nt ltn t nd d •b fll Cndn thn n ttpt t dfn Cndn nd b h prd t ld rlt n th prdx f th ntnl nd bn prvd nrt ntrt vr t b tht h trt ht b fl n hlpn r hndrn Cndn n S f th ntn f Cndn nd thn t b drn pn fr pf prp nr hld b drtd trd h nd h dffrnt rp f tht npt

A n rnt hh n b nlzd n rltn t th r tht Cndn n r imiaig frn (ll Arn nd ht rnt hrd t

Sh n nld Ameica b im Mice Ameica Music b ism Ameica is Sey b au ye nd om ew Yok o A b asy Gaa

4 pl n rltn t d bt Cndn nd7 Yt t ld b rd tht th tn pl n Cndn nd h bn rtd as ye t n b d t bth rtz th ndtr (f prvl r vr l rnlt htvr th rlt nd t tht th ndtr h ptntl h rnrtn f th d tht Cndn dn rd n d bld vr nd prtd fr th USA ll nt pt h prdt It d Ar hn rt n hh nr rjt nthn xt r rnl n prfrn fr d b US tzn drn n nfln fr thn thr n ntr If ttn nr t pntrt th Arn nd Cndn rt b pn US nd Cndn bnd r pln t th dn tt

h ttn bd rnt ttt th pr f r pplr ; f r dd nt h seak t ld nt bthr t r ltn t t vr t d th n hh tnd t vr-plf nd thrfr nv n vrl nt rtl t nr xtrnl ntdnt t Arn (Maceas v5/ 197 p7 Al t pl fl dr f hrn t Arn nd hh th fntn thn prtd fr Cnd (rthr thn bddd n th ptlt l frtn ntl dvdn th ntn rthr thn n bt wic

7 If Cndn bnd d hv thn n n rt rt t thr l f rnlt

44 Cndn r ttn wic Arn nd hrdl t b thr frn nd nt lt th h nfln f fr rtn n Cnd Al th d tht ppl nt ttv nltn t dn n bth d f th US brdr n tn nthr nt nthn rnl h ttn rnt ntlt n n prr h owesi f ltrl prt If Cndn h t rjt ll th ltrl prt hh hv nt Cnd thr ld prbbl b vr f lft

It tht ln bn drn b ntnlt rt btn ldr nd r rnt ltrl prt th lttr hvn ptntl rl n ntn bldn h hn f thht ld t r f r ttv f frn tl nd th h n rl n ntn bldn h hld t b pprtd nd fndd b th th ntnlt ntrt? h th tn hh th CC eo o e askoce o oacasig oicy (19 bn t xn (iacia imes o Caaa 1//91 p1 Yt vn f trt r n ndtr l n thr thr r n n t pn t thn Cnd Mrvr thr r ndtrl jtftn fr nn nd prtn nll vbl bt ttv bnd h pt f pltl n nld th nd t ft n th prtlr

Al t nr th n fntn f r n dffrnt ntr fr f plr nd (lrl n th pt bl f rblln

4 (ftn ntl frt t t rpl; th ll z f th rt n Cnd nd th brnh-plnt trtr f th jr; nd th t f n rrd th vd hh ld t nrvtv nn dn trn th xprt ptntl f th rtt

St th ttn rnt d b bnd thlv, prdxll, t h tht th r dffrnt fr th rt b bn bth rnl nd Cndn 9 Yt thr f th rnt dd n th rtt thlv hld n tht ll bnd tt thr tl ttv In ft f th bt bnd bn r r br bnd dn vr vrn n n bnd ftn fnd thr dntt b ttn thr W trdtnll lbrt th h pt thr n tp n vr vrn nd/r r lt n hr th dr fr nd th h r ndrd t lvh n thr ttn ll rv rt S th tl r prd fr thr f dvr l trnd bt h G Wh r pnnd fr thr plr In n thn th ttn rnt ld b d f n n Cndn nd xt t, b th bnd r tll lrnn th thn f thr vtn; t rt t ndt th

9 r xpl Mr Gn f Mrth nd th Mffn ttd "Unl lt f rl Cndn r bnd r nt ptrn Arn r rth" (Mln v9/7 191 p7

46 r nt prrn n th nnt t th r td th nnvtn

h r rt Chr f pntd rtl n th Glb

nd Ml n jt bfr th 199 n rd tl dn f th tn f Cndn (nd th rpttn f th ndtr fr ddl l, dlt dn.0 rtn n hh prfl ntnl nppr, n nfr tht f nt prtlrl n t p t n r fn, bt t th ppl h rn, fnd nd ffll rnz th nd brdtn ndtr. In ft l rr, t tht t th hd f Soy Music Caaa pn t e ecos ndtr nfrn th nxt d d h fnd th rtl brrn nd dprn prtl b th dn n prt p d n bt th td t th b f th ntrtnnt tn11

It t b rlzd tht f rtl h nt bn th nl n n t fld r xpl rr Grnt (19 hd prvl pt frrd lr ln f rnt n e oua o Caaia Suies prvd trdtn f pr nd ttv Cndn r nd pld th bl

1 f rtl lld os e Quesio (Goe a Mai /3/9 ppC1C9 11 l rr nt n th "ldd vn f th f Cndn rtt tht xt t thr" n b fnd n e eco (v11/35 /3/9 p9

4 fr t rl pn th CC Cnn rd rltn pl vr t ld b rd tht Grnt tndd t vr-plf th lthh th ntrvr rnd Cnn ll b xnd n th nxt hptr f th th thr thn nvtt tht ltd dnn f th prdnt f Cndn ht f d ll b xplrd hr b h prvdd th t rrnt nd phttd pplr xptn f n ntlt vpnt rthrr th rtl h bn nld t fr t thr ffrt t nfln n prtnt trt dn

f t n tht pprh n rdr t tr ttn bn b n tht h dd nt nt t dt th drt f th Cndn n h Cndn hlf h frt tp bd t ln th ndtr t th tn f ntnl t t brdt n rdr t lbb fr hn; Cndn th drt f ou ndtr nfrtbl t nt n t tln th ntnt f t tr f Cndn tn tht t Cndn (b hh h pld nthn hh dd ll n th USA h bn dr "th blnd ldn th blnd fr nrtn t nrtn" Mrvr rtt ltd th "rt" trnd n Arn hr l An (h pprd t "brn" t n pp htr th bbbl th f h G Wh, nd r rntl rn Ad (drbd pbl rftn th nthn

48 t h ld nl p thrh lh Obvl th bjtv ntr 1

xt f drbd th rtt n h r nnvtv tr th rp f rl 197 ntrptv nr nrtr ht ll th Cff rd, th rrnt pt f r rn rtt nd vn h (n nll rbrl hrd r bnd fr rnt13 In n f dr th ln btn th bnd tht hld b lbrtd nd pprtd Cndn, nd th h hv pd tl fr th USA h fntnd t ph th rpttn f prtlr rtt t t hv l fntnd t trnfr lt n t rdr h fl fr xpl tht th r prd Cndn bt l l h G Wh.

f thn tlnd th rn h h thht Cndn h bn dr n rdr t fnd th f th n-n l rt h dnd th d tht th CC Cndn ntnt rltn h bn th n prbl n tht nnt ln dfn th ntnt f Cndn hn h fltl rjtd th ntlt ntn tht Cndn

1 f hn th rt trnd nrn th ft tht An tll nl fr h t n bn tn tr h rt h n n prhp l ntrn th rl f lh n hrd r nd thr h 13 "h ntn f rn nt pn Arn pplr ltr r nr n Cndn tht th b t t dtntv ftr" (Grnt 19 p1

4 b ntr hv n imiaie syce pprh hr hv bn hlpfl bt h fld t xplr th rn h h n tttd dvlpd (h th ttrtn f tlrn n t lr n dn pbl bld th rnl rph ltn f Cnd djnt t n Arn rt tn t t z Yt ltr n n f rtl t hn tht h ltn n r n th ppt ; pl prtlrl bl t fltt nnvtn th rlvn f rph dpnd pn thr rtn Al h bld th trtr f th ndtr th brnh plnt rnztn f th jr • ll z f th Cndn rt nd dfflt n ttn US prnt pn t rl Cndn rtt n thr trrtr Crtnl th r prtnt nd ll b lbrtd pn n hptr thr f th th

f nt n t lbrt rrnt pt f rtt h k _ag nd e agicay i h hv bn t prn t f Cnd ntd tht th rtt ll hv rtn thn n n rth Arn nd hh o th US t th t bn n rn rltn t t Al th r ll nd drtl t US jr nd r r rnttd t Erpn rthr thn US rt In Erp f t bn Cndn b n dvnt n

5 Cndn bnd r bth xt frnr nd lt nrt prd t th US bnd h vr t tr1

Whl f pprd t b pl tlnn h prtlr drptn f th Cndn n h rnt h dtntv pltn f rlt t t th prnt pltl ntxt Wht f pltl dd t rrn ddl l nnt fr lbrtn f rnt d b Cndn nd t t pplr n ptntl ftr ntxt f r rd It t f rdr ttntn pn rtt dtrbtd b nt Cnd b jr n dn n th US rthr thn n rtt nd thr t Cndn ndpndnt (h Kim Mice r t th jr wii Cnd (h Ae Muay r Coi ames f plt nln tht th t lttr trtr r f nt dptn trt f nn pplr bnd hh ll nt xprnt Whl tht rtnl b n pbl t rn vbl h nn pl pl tht th Cndn bnd h rrd t rld nvr tnl prd thr n ieesig nd h hl rnt nrd th ffrt f Cndn ndpndnt lbl (bn n Cnd tht rdr fr th jr t r rl fr thr

1 th ttptd t dfn nd lbrt n trnd dpt th ft tht th bnd tnd t vd Cndn lrl th th r nt pll rnttd trd Cndn rt nd (thr n rnrtn d th prft th rt t th US

51 rtt n thr ntr Of th bth ewek n nvr nd ue o n rnt hv ld fr ltrntv rtt ( rhtn escomm

Evn f rjt f pprh nd nln f th pnt h rd r rth xplrn nd ll b xnd n hptr thr Crtnl th pltl n bhnd Cndn prtnt nh t t ntnt t rrnt frthr dn

rtrn t th tn f nd d thn th ntn hn td prvd nd prlfrtd (rbl th nn f Cnn nd ACO th l lt f rrdd Cndn prvd nd ttntn fd n th ntnt f th tlf15 Mjr lbl r ln fr bnd th th blt t ll td f Cnd b th t f rrdn nd vd prtn n tht t th ht rrd nl n Cnd n rrl prft (A Wll es comm ue t th dnd f th jr nd th dvld f Cndn nd rtt thlv hv bn trn t vd lnn thlv th Cndn tr 1 If n

15 rr t th 19 Cndn tndd t b td th hh vl nd pr lt prdtn t hd bd nd brd rpttn (A Wll es comm 1 rtt brn trl t A&M t lt n prdl tht th o o nd Cndn (A Wll es comm

5 lbl nd t d nt ndr th f Cndn nd rlvnt t b prtnt t rndr th rn fr thnn n tht

On ntrl tn hh pt th xtn f Cndn nd n dbt tht hv t hthr t thr n th frt pl17 rthrr th npt l prblt b ppl rtrt Cndn nd t prtlr nr1 Al frnt prn n th pr btn p-n Cndn nd pplr Arn rtt fl th ttn rnt h rnfrn r b jrnlt r f rtt f ltn nd bldn p th rpttn f rtt t thr rdr Sn Cnd •l ll nn rl dl th ntrl fr n Ar tnl plr r d ntd ( tn pr. ..

h pr prn r nthr ndtn tht Cndn d nt xt n v In ft t h

17 h rlt t th pprnt ft tht hn rvd Cndn nr d nt r bt th f Cndn dntt n rltn t (n v11/1 19 p5 tht nntv r pnlt nthr ld rd prrr 1 h tl nld Clt (rltd t rtnl rt nd Cntr (rltd t th xplrd nd l Cndn Cntr rd frt Slrl thr r nr pf rnt nt Cndn nd l f trl n AC (xpt Ann Mrr nd dn frt nd th rnt tht hrd r p Arn nd th (E O; t; hllp pr. ..

bn hn hr tht fr vr rn Cndn rl frntl n frn ltnr If Cndn nd r prtlr l trnd hh r prdd b Cndn n nd rnzd brd, thn t lttl n t tl bt Cndn nd dntt n ltn19 Whl rphl pprh vn bnd th ll ll t xld bnd h r npplr thn r ntpl f th pl tdd t r rnbl t tt Cnd thn lbl l fbr It ld b

• rd tht trnd rnzd prtlrl nfnt t Cnd tnl plr rll rprnt prtnt nt n n ntrntnl htr f r n hh Cndn n hv d nfnt ntrbtn A dlt n nn tnn btn t thn hh prd frtfl rlt Cndn n hv dltll rtd t nfln hh t prtlr t r r dl rnzd nfnt nd n trn th hv ntrbtd t lbll rnzd tl ht d f n ntrtn btn Cndn n nd thr d nt pf th r f th nfln t th hv fr th USA t fr rtn nd ptntll fr thn Cnd tlf

19 Whl ntl dd hr thr v tll rl pn tht ptn b thr ntrt r r prhl thn th f th th h Stt h n ntrt n ftrn th ndtr r Mntr rn Mlrn h td Cndn "trl dtntv" (h rd v1/ 199 p1

4 vn rtd frr hh trnnd ntlt rnt bfr n tl bt th l pnnt f Cnd tnl plr r lft th th tn f rnl ltr b t ppr t frt ht tht th b n btl t ntnl nd nl ld vr n f rnt b trn th ptn f th ntr hl n rltn t thr rt vr rnl dfflt t nr n th vt z nlr rph nd ttrd ppltn f Cnd n tht th trtr f th d prdtn nd dtrbtn t nd dnd n Stt rr r lrl rnll rnzd t th th ntnl l hvr t ld b rd tht rnl dntt tvl rntttd thrh drn l frtn n th lht f dr lbl dvlpnt nd tht th nfln br r th ntr th dffrntl fft

r xpl th nvn f th Mr Snd prhdd b h tl hd prfnd fft r th hl f rth Ar n th d-xt On th t t f th USA t l rpld rf nd rthr t th nrth rd rrn f n hd flrhd hh frntd b bnd h h Knn nd h Wlr, b nn th rth Wt nd Sll n Sttl nd nvr bnd rtn thr n n fr hh-hl dn nd br hnd thr t t nld tl vr (Gll 1993

p1 rthr t n rnt th tn f th vrpl rp tltd ltn pt f hhl fhn-n t n trnd nn th rnt nd hdd b e aues nd e Kesigo Make (Maceas v1/ 19 p3 In Qb n b e eaes nflnd prt bnd l e Casses n trnd hh b nn e (Maceas v7/5 195 p7

If rn frnt frn nfln n nt Cnd nd t fnd t h th n pbl bn t rt ntnll pplr rtt vr n rn r thlv bddd n dr l fbr rtt fr prtlr pl n ttn dr l f pplrt h pr r thrh vrt f hn tht v dtrbtr n dr r nfdn n tn th t rrd h hn nld th rtt h rn l thr n prtnl ffrt rntn fr nd th ndtr nd d ntrt A hftn frr f ntrnt nd pprtnt d b th ndtr nvlvd h bn ntrl t th pr

On hn hh hlpd t ph llr rtt nt th ntnl ptlht th rn nfn f tlvn In th 19 Cndn bnd t rl ntnl xpr n th pbll nd CC ntr h CC ld nt rnt f bt nnthl ntnl fr fr tlnt Mr rntl Ct- h e ew Music nd

6 thn th ntn r vd hnnl Mh M hv hd lr fntn (Cn. n v5/ 195 p75

bl 1 Erl rtt n CC- h Yr f 1t Yr At CC Sh h f f Mln frn l Anl An Spl 19 1957 v75/1^19^p5 Grdn Cntr htft dn 19 195 v/^1971^p5 Ann Mrr bl 19 19 v5/5^197 p3 G Wht G 19 195 v/^1971^p5

A bl 1 h vrl f Cnd t f rlr rtt bn thr rr r t frthr rntn n CC h Whl th vdn nt lr t th tbl t tht tlvn prtnt bfr rd rltd fr Cndn ntnt n n hh rtn Cndn t r xpd t th ntn

ffrnt rn hv d vr ntrbtn t th tnl plr t dffrnt t r xpl n th 19 th Mrt rrd fr d ptr f nd nldn tn fr n Cp rtn fddln Clt l nd ll l S hnt Cntr rd hd

Yt dpt thr pl ndt fndn nd th rl h CC- hv htr f bth nrn pl fr r Cndn pplr prrn nd ln xptnl tt n rltn t pn Cndn rtt thr prht d ( Cn. n v5/ 195 p75; M Sn n 3 195 p

l prvd nflntl pn th llt 1 Ynr ppl n th r fnd fr n tlvn prtlrl th n Mr uiee hh hd bn n 195 n ll ntr nd Music o hh hd th rnt lfx bl n n 195 Mr h b Cnd nd t pplr prr ( Sigaog-uiee n th 19 nd td t hnt v Stn tlnt nt th ntnl ptlht h t f t t r Ae Muay h nd t Caio-Caaa n 19 Anthr f th frt t Caeie McKio h b nl n th rl 19 rnt fl n

h nddt fr l pnnt f th tnl plr td n r h Maceas r Cff fl r r nd th ltt rn oos rvvl (rtr-bnd rn rr nd frt rr h pn nd rrn f rth bl vr bfr

1 Ot f th 19 dprn ak Sow rd thrh CS n v St ntr nr n th ld t fddl trdtn h nt t hvll t rrd fr CA- ico On f h fn Somig om Coos h l dr n Arn ntr tr immie oges t rt pl ntr tn lbrtn th pl n nd lvd trdtn f rnr f th ntn h hd hthhd t n h th rd fr th Mrt br rt nt th rnt ptlht r ftr Cnd 1th brthd t nj ntnl rn th trt f ln rnl rr (ceas v5/5 197 p3; v5/ 197 p 3 M p hd th CC hd rt-prd trt f bldn th ntn; th h fr dffrnt prvn h nht (Maceas v5/5 197 p h th trt d n r ltr b Mln t th Grt Cndn rt xplnd n hptr fr

8 n d n f th t prtnt t rtrn t r nd thn Gr ntn f th tnl plr n rdr t n lr nd r dtld nht nt ht r ln fr

h htr f r h bn n f prtlr nrtn nd pl tn b lnt f pplr nd rrn t t rv thr nd Undrn d n n fr nd ntnt th h hnd th t n htrl nd rphl ntxt rd fr th USA nt nl b t fll pltd thn ptlt t f xhn hrd b thr ntr bt b t soke t n l rp ttptn t dfn tlf hrvr t th A h t pld dnd nd rtzd wii th USA b rn f ppl nt lld t th prjt f tht drph rp A Mrtn nd Srv (19 p7 pnt t n Ar tlf ntll dnd r rt f t fr thr ntr h t drt thr n p t rfltn f nrn fr thr n ppl

It ld b ntndd tht rnt n t Gr bt drtd pfll agais r hv bn vd r ftn hn th ntnt hv bn prvd

dnr3 thr thn fn ll pn tht bd f rt hh tlf rt n n prtd frr th hptr t xn ndn ntrprttn f r bn d n Cnd nd h th rprnt th n th ntxt f th ntn On f th prbl f prtn n d fr Itl t l t th prttn f ltrl prt nt Cnd tht Gr vdd th thrn tp f th ndn prdtn f pplr ltr b trn tht th ll ntlltl r nt fr th n ppl n th r fr th br

Gr tnl plr ltr d b th tzn f th ntr nrnd nd ntnd ntrl fr dflt t dd nt ntn ptn hh ld b prtd f tzn nd frn pplr ltr h ptntl fr xprt nd tt nvlvnt lft pn rthr thn pfd bt t b tnl plr htvr prdd hd t b ld b t ppl n tht ntn Gr n nrn th th ppl f Itl dr ttntn t ht n n n h n

3 Opptn fr Cndn t r h t d th ntn t d r nrll prvd ndrbl n ntnt r xpl n th 195 Eiss Chrt lb n prfntn f rd rl Opptn t t "vn r rt" n Cnd thn n th USA (Mrtn nd Srv 19 p In th lt n dd f Mln rd tht n ppl n Cnd r bn nflnd b Arn nd tn n thr "vblr nd th f dr phdl [nd] xl lbrtn fr t Cndn th hr US tn r thr ll th l" (n th rtl Arn Wtht ll rn, v/11 199 p

60 ntr pplr ltr drn h t It tptn t r tht ntrtnnt h hnd ndrbl n thn t th xtnt tht dn hv frntd bnd n hp f ntrtn tnl plr vr f rlz tht th ntn tlf thrtl nd trt pltl ntrt th tn b hthr i eac isace th tzn f ntn r rtn thr n ltr In tr f Cndn th n tht thr n nt f nl ntnl nd n nbd l ll nd thr n nddt fr prt f l tnl plr t r th ntrt f ltnr h ld fll tht tp f Yt t hv n nttn th t p t nfnt nbr f ltnr rthr thn b nrt ntrt r Gr lld t "ld t"

An ttpt t l t tnl plr b ltv ndvr r ltn h bn bd pn th pplrt f h nr thn Cnd t prtlr t n th ndtr bn t pfll tr t th th rt hh rd n th 195 r xpl lthh Cndn jzz n r rld f fr ht th d b jzz h nt bn td th th th rt r (nntl th hht lln tp f drn th prd ndr xntn jzz trnd r nt dlt th hr Yt thr tp f nrt hh

6 hv b pplr t prtlr t n th 195 h fl r ntnd

r Gr h lnt f th tnl plr hd t b rttn nd ld b tzn f th ntr nvlvd t th xtnt tht nntl th tzn nn t dd nt t n ntrt n frn ltr h lv th th ntn hh h lft rltvl pn tht f ntrl fr b tnl plr n pt hd t hv "nnt prnlt" rtn hrrh f pbl ttntn S fr xpl Gr hd tht Itln rtr r pplr bt nt ll nn nd dd nt nttt ntrl fr thn thr nn (r nd ll-Sth 195 p1 Al th ftn h tlnd th ddd prbl tht ftnl hrtr rthr thn th rtr thlv r th rrn f th tnl plr (r nd ll-Sth 195 p35 nd thr nt r pplr b th rd th rl nrn f th ppl Gr rrl pf bt th vl f ntrl fr vr ld r tht th r prtnt b th r rbl t rr n dn nd ntrvr bt prtlr rn f ltr nd frthrr th hv tznhp hh n b d rlvnt b prt nrnd th th ntn

b r t dl th thn pplr ltrtr b frntl th rtr r l th prfrr h

62 thrfr t ntr f ttntn Mr f dnr tht f h lnt f th tnl plr p t t ll drph rp ntrl fr ll nt b n rrn r th ntn vr n Cnd thr hv bn f r n ntbl ya Aams h hl th nt hv d ppln t ll rp r tt hv b dl rnzd

trnn t fl th nldd n tht tr h htrll trnfrd nd vrd n pplrt t h hnd A nn th tr fl tlf dptd rt r fl n r th tht r t lt ntr ld nd n thr dnt hv lt thr thr n vr n th 19 dprn trn f nd US fl rtt rt thr n n f prtt (Shrr 1991 pp17119; Maceas v95/ 19 p53 th 19 th fl dn xpndd nt ddl l rth Ar (Shrr 1991 p11 Sftr rp rd nldn Ia & Syia fr Cnd nd th Mrp ftvl nr rnt b fr fr nr-nrtr t h nr-nrtr rd t vr l f pplrt t b f n trnd n ll Cff h fl h hr nt t d tht trnd n dtl bt prvd n tln hh n t ndr t rl prt f th ntr tnl plr

6 A nddt fr n nt n th l prt f Cnd tnl plr nt nl r dffrnt bntn f th rtt pplr t th t lnd tthr b dffrnt nntn thn th ndtr bt l th pplr d b Cndn lnd t dvlpnt n th US h vbrnt fl tvt n Cnd t lt n prt rlt f Arn fl nd t trppn bn pplr nrth f th brdr drn th rl 19 Cnvrl Cndn pld nfnt rl n th nxt ph n rth Arn fl A th rnt fl n bn t dln th rtt td th Cff fl bn t n US b th rl 197 In Yr Albrt Grn hd nd nt nl Ia & Syia nd o ya bt l Cndn e a nd Goo igoo Cndn h lft rnt fr th US ei Youg nd oi Mice r l bth nd b Ellt r nd vntll b lbl t n Waes (Maceas v/3 1973 p-1; v7/ 197 p Al rn nltn h nd th rnt-bd ue o lbl hd l t t Grn nd nd t fl t tht r ntnll fl thn Cnd Muay Macauca nd uce Cocku

In ntrt t th prt dfntn f th nr l rn ftr th d 19 fr lbrtd bnh f ndvdl nr-nrtr It rtd rl f f n hh v Cnd nd f tnl plr

64 Yt thn th trnd tlf l drtn r hhl dvr nd vn th r rtt hd rl dffrn Mrvr vrl Cndn t hh nnt lbl fl hd n nprdntd dr f US t th t ll h t nldd Ae Muay (h ntnlt ld Ou Ae rr e Guess

•Wo nd e a (h hd bn bld b oie awkis n Cnd thn bd o ya n th US fr prd hn h t t ltr nd

Anthr prbl th Cff fl prt f tnl plr tht Cndn rprtr t hd n bvlnt tttd trd th t nvlvd b rtt dd nt l ft nt ntnlt frr r xpl ei Youg nd oi Mice b xptrt hl Goo igoo (nd thr rtt th US flln dnnd Cnn5 Cff rtt rd t t hn fl pplr b dn rdl

h nldd th prr fl trnd hrd r f ei Youg th jzz lnt n f oi Mices r th ln fl-r nd blld f Goo igoo th ftr hrtn nprd tn f uce Cocku nd rtt trt nfln f Muay Mcauca 5 r xpl lph Cx xplnd "Youg h b n xptrt rtr f Clfrn If h brtr t hthr n n brn hppn th n Cndn tr h pr t rpl h hd bttr t hd ei Youg nt hndl t vn h fr th rrdn td nd fr lv prfrn hd rthr nt" (Maceas v7/ 197 p In h ffrt t ptn Youg prhp Cx p t n r igoos nt n Cnn (nd h nd t ntrbt t Cndn ltr Mrl (n Maceas v/ 1971 p

6 ptd pltl ttnt thn th n thlv h ntrbtd th ll n n n rfrn r ftn t Ar thn Cnd fr xpl Oh (bt th Knt Stt r b l Yn, Wdt b n Mthll nd l n l (bt th trt r rt b Grdn htft (Wrht 197 p r n ptn hh t Cndn h t b dffrnt fr thr rt th ndrbl t thn Gr frr t n b rd tr n hh Cndn ntrbtd t Arn pplr ltr t th vr t t rtltd l nrt th v f nrnd nrtn Mrvr th pplrt f n Cndn n n th USA lt rntd thr rrd ht n Cnd rthrr f th Cff rtt brht n tnl ntrptn t n f thr n hh v lnvt t thr rr h th hv bn r tbl ntrl fr thn Cndn tnl plr thn n thr Cndn t f n th USA h 195 tn dl l An, h nt thrh r rrt ph n bddn fr pplrt

Whl Cff h fl th fttd th ld f tnl plr t nl rprntd n hrt nd nt

htr t rrbl jntr n th lt 19 nd rl 197 b n lr b tl nd drt n thr l ntr rvl rth Arn pplr dntd b n bt lv nd tnr pt h rfn

66 n rnt htr vr nt th rl 19 plthr f Cndn hrd r bnd b pplr n th USA n n xprt trnd hh bn t ttrt pr ttntn Wrtr fr Maceas lld th nd xprtd fr Cnd r r h zn rn t rtl tht pd th n Caaia nd n ntrt t th ntr prv l xprt dt7 h r fr n lnn th trnd t hn n th d nd ndtr

Maceas rtl bt Cndn rr trn th USA bn b ttn tht vrl bnd fr Cnd hd fnd fn trn th Md-Wt USA nd thn ntn th rn tht Arn fn prbbl dd nt rlz tht th r thn Caaia bnd h ll th bv t bt rtn h tr bt th ueamie l th hh h tr r rttn rvd ntnlt nd h pnn bt rpd Cndn bnd nt vnt h bnd th ntrl f th USA n "nvn" r "fld" (tpll l d n nt- rtn rhtr xt th f th rn td t nl th ttv ntr f r r pr th nrn f US fn nd prnt th tttd tht th ntnlt f th bnd maee (hn t nt hv t thr fn In rlt f bnd r t

7 Wokigmas ock b rt t (v93/11 19 p5- 5 nd Caaia ock os Sou b h pn (v95/ 19 p-

6 ntrdd b nnnn thr h tn ddn t th dffrn xt nd rtdn f th t9

Mln rtnl nt bvl bd t ll t; thr lbrtn f frn t t th zn h n pl r fll hrnt ntnlt ptn vr r r pt frrd n fr ntnlt lbrtn blt pn rnd rntn fr th d h pt f bnd tbl b t ld b prtrd n "nt-trnd" hh ntrtd th thntt f Cndn nt th fl dnd f th US ndtr9 Othr trnd rnzd n pplr rnd tht t nldd d dn hh rnll rtd n th lftl f bl nd Arn nt nd thn trn f pn nflnd pp hh b nn th Wv Cnd ld b lnd th th thnt htr nd t dn nd htrxl b r r hd nn f th "f n v nn" f d r th v r vn th ln f Anl-Arn pp-r hh hd bn pplr n th rl 197 h Cndn bnd hh r rnzd n th

"r Wnnp Cnd th G Wh" (Mln v/ 1971 p55 nd rn Aams as "th Grvr fr nvr" (f & , 1/7/9 p 9 h rnt nt ntll tht rtn hv bnd hd blt p b f nr fn b trn ntl th pr nd ndtr ld n lnr nr thn Al M prrr hd bn t ln pllt n xprnt n rn nd dvrd hrd r fnd th nr dn

68 r tl r pll td t fr vrl rn It rd tht Cnn hd nd p n nfrtrtr f l td n hh t hn thr nd3 Al th ndtr rth f th 9th rlll r bnt n rn; th bnd r rt nvtr n th hd tht prft rn nd r d t rn ll rt b vdn fn t h

Whl Cnd lrd hd l f r tp bnd (h O fvrd b th ndtrl pr-ndtn tlnd bv th nprdntd nbr f Cndn bnd n th nr ttn rntn n rrn Mln rtr ddd th rtt rtn tht Cndn r n prtlr r "prd dn" nd "hrdr trvlln" nn t h plr nd r drt thn n Arn vlnt h lt l r ntrtn b vn th thr prtv n ld xpt th ld nt b ndd h hv rltd t n f dffrnttn Cndn prdt b th zn rthr thn th bnd

vr th rtr fr Mln l prntd (bt rrl nrd rt f r r tht t blnd

3 Whl rtnl rn Ad prftd rl n fr th n h ld t thr hh lfd Cnn (E O es comm t hrd t h th rl ld hv "tltd th n th 197 nd 19 f bnd l us" (Mll nd n 197 p59

6 (ttv frnh r pr-pd fr tn t d b ldr n nd f fr rd31 h ntd rt l d t ld hv bn frtt bntn f l bnd rthr thn hrnt trnd

Whl n f th rt r tr t l prtnt t nt tht th r ltv Cntrll rt d th ptn tht Cndn nd th ld ndr r dfnd n rltn t US dnd h n tht Cndn Wv bnd h nl b pplr nrth f th brdr r nltd b th zn n t ttpt t dfn Cnd ntnll pplr h bnd pld th prnl dntt hl r rr ll rnfrd thr dntt h rr ppl t n Arn (pt-bb b fn nd rtn Cndn ntnlt l thrh thr l f xprnttn; r t d Yt th r bnd bn lpd tthr n n ttpt t h th Cndn trnd r thr t dvr t l rt bl dntrt

31 tnlt pntd t th Arn n th nd tl

0 bl S dffrn btn Cndn r r bnd Ar f nd rl rd n n Or n th3 lbl fr f rnt us Sf Aem US+Erp US tr Sag-a Sf oyo E Erp Er-tr rph v Aic Cn + US Cn fn Wnnp Strt-v Waes Cn + US Cn fn ea Mntrl Ao- v CS US Arv -oa blhr nvr O Wr+ Mecuy Cn/US/UK AM rpl lv oe- v CS Cn + US Cn fn ..2.2 ya- v A&M Glbl M vd -Aams (n 193

h f n r bnd hv bn t lr bt th r vr dffrnt n thr r xpl n tr f thr lbl hl t r nd t jr ium rnd n Cndn "nd" dpt thr US 33 Mn thr dffrn ld b pntd t h th r Alln lt nftrd oeoy (Ca usiess v57/9 19 p prd t us h ddl rfd rl prr (Maceas v91/ 3//7 p-3

3 rl th r rtl plfd hr r xpl hl us dd rt n bt tr p th l n rt f brb ntrptn n th nn f f nd n bt rltnhp nt thr thn Anthr xpl ya Aams h d fr nt l rt fr h Io e ie lb bt h thr lrl n n bt rltnhp 33 A iie is n ndpndnt rrd lbl rn ll t rl rrd nd rnzd n llr l thn lt-ntnl rprtn ( ewek ecos Al us r nl n tht th r nd t Mecuy thrh thr nr b-lbl Aem

A nddt fr Cnd tnl plr n r r ffrd fr th ppt prbl t Cff fl Ml lrt btn th bnd r pd b thr trnd th ntnl nd rnl rprn t th t3 Mt r r bnd ttrtd n l dn t dfflt t tht th trnd ppld t d ptr f ltnr Aprt fr th trt (th O nd nd (th ya Aams f th dd r n hh Cndn r f tht rt pd n pplrt t hrd t tht th trnd hd ntrl fr th hh prfl35 Cl bt r r hh dttdl t rtn t (fr xpl bfr fl

3 r 1975 t 195 vrl "ntrntnl" trnd br r Cnd nd tltd t nd t th jr th ltd n bnd e oes nd e ioes rd fr rnt hl th n n nvr pnd OA nd e Suumas Erl d b pplr b bn pld fr th dn flr rthr thn n rd r v tr t nd t th jr h Cndn Gio Soccio r nt ll nn A f Cndn blldr hd ht n th US nldn asy Gaa a i nd Gio ae1i Grnt (19 r tht th rl 19 rn pp f th Wv t hn Cndn b pll pplr n th US vr I blv th Wv t f rltv ltn fr Cnd Otd t ld nt ll ll n tr (see Maceas v95/3 3// p r rnt Maa a e Muis nd UK ht hl oug ae f n Cnd n ue o fld n th US th pr dtrbtn Onl e yos nd US f thrh thr tr r nvr th ayoa$ nd prt bnd oug & e Sugs fnd ntnl nll e Soos r Cnd nl jr ltr-pp nn bt th hd n frn 35 In oua Music Sice 1955 f acma-ue Oeie l lr (195 p15 nt "h prtn f th bnd n Cnd dfflt t pprt fr th rth rdr" h lrl t th r rnzd r th ntr ntrl fr n th l prt f Cnd tnl plr fr prd

2 rr r n nbr nrd Cnd dvr nd rh hrt wii r b l pn th t thtl nt ntnlt frr nd hh nl fnd f t th ntnl lvl bt fr vr rn hd l pntrtn th US rt r nrd r n3 h nlt f fl rr prtnt b pn Wv pp nd r lld fl rtt t pl th th dntt hndd t th r xpl th ld xpr rn thn th trdtnll l dntd tl f hrd r37

In th 19 vrl ftr nrd th rn f th ltt ph f bnd t hv ptntl tnl plr It ld b rd tht th ntrpl f dnnt rd frt nd th trtr f lbl hv bn th t t rl nfln pn rn thn Cnd n rnt r Au Coemoay (AC th dnnt frt (Ca Musicia v7/ 19 p1 nd t nt f vl blld Yt thr r n tp f AC hh ln btn ltnn ntrntl th f n th vl

3 S r bnd r nl ntnll fl h nldd Ma Wese (h nr Kim Mice ltr nt l n th Ae lbl nd ooe (th nvr prt bnd h fld t t US rpl ism hd th tlnt f r rbrn ln nd r Alln bt flndrd n th US b thr lbl n Ar Aioa ld nt fnd nh prtnl n ( rbrn es comm 37 Wn n r rnd tht t nldd ee Aao nd ay Mis

xd n thrh l nd pp t ftr l r AC rpl prtnt bt nt ll bnd nt t d AC tp trl On rlt tht pll th th jr t r nd nd n r rld fr thr AC nd frt rn ptntl It ld b rd tht th rn f r fl rtt bth n nd nd jr td th th pl Whl th Cndn r n vrt f nr t fr t nld tht n hv bn nd fr thr ppl t AC ltnr nd ptntl t t pld n r thn n frt3

Mn hrd r bnd n nld r blld n thr lb n th n t th dr rpl Whthr n prtlr r bnd rrd n n blld tl dpnd n thr l prfrn nd th nt f prr fr thr lbl Crtnl t ptntll lrtv trt bt nt n nfnd t Cnd h prtnt pnt bt th pl tht th trtr f th d nt ltr b t nldn h trl n thr

3 h rtt nld Ceie io h nd drt t th USA fr hr frt lfl nlphn lb Al Saa Mcaca bnnn t b pplr n th US nn hr ft hrn n th ewek ae ( rhtn pr Wth r f r d Sue Meey trd th o ya hlt nd t th Mecuy lbl bt rltd t l prtd ptn ftr lbl tff h-p ( tn es comm hl Sass oa nd t Aquaius h rnd pplr t ntnl lvl nl Othr fl rtt hv nd ntnl n AC nd ntr frt nldn k ag Mae Mooe oeea McKei ae Siay ia Ciei Micee Wig a ia Macei

4 lb r dn t associae tp f n vr nr nd r rlvnt trnd tht frt rn n t rrdd pll t bvrt th dvn f rd nd dntt Sh frt rn ht n Cnd hv nldd os ogee b ue oeo nd Suemas Sog b e Cas es ummies 39 h rrd r bn n thr h frt nd thn woke r th thr b lbl prtn tff It t b rlzd tht th trnd d nt n rtt h hv hnd frt drn thr rr h Eis esey h rdll vd btn ntr r nd AC frt Evn rtt h l vtt h rrd trl tbl fr thr AC r ntr frt r nt trtl nldd h tp f frt rn rfrrd t n th ntxt fr t hh rlrl rl d bl t trvr r thn t frt Althh th CC Cnn pl n brdtr n frt hh nnt fnd h lfn trl trth th lt f ht th r lln t pl th rvr trnd rlt r t th f th jr t n bnd nd rl trl hh ppl t n frt pbl n rdr t ntn vbl prtn b trtn th ll Cndn rt n th rvr trl l rtd t ttn n frt hh hv n hrt f Cnn trl

39 ue oeo th frt rp Waes hv hppd r ll 5 rd frt (Makeig v95/7 199 p1

75 h t ld b rd tht th trnd rtrtd t ntr l Cnd hr th ll z f th rt n tht th jr nd t n fn pbl t thr prtnl ffrt rthhl Whl ld tn th Cndn ntr f th trnd b th frn jr r rpnbl fr t thrh thr nn nd nl rl pl n thr pplr l trnd tht ld b ndrd Cndn r prpttd n tht W n nl frt rr Cndn nd n th n tht h r nrd n l ppltd ntr nd Cnd n f th

An l r r frt rn l l trnd prd t th nt f Cndn ttn d b thr r plnt f frhl nd Cndn rtt h r hhl frt drvn ( tn es comm h nld hv tl bnd h Sik oi nd Se Ga nd rppr l eo nd Maeso es Wes Mn f th rnt frt rntd nn n Cnd hv bn d b ndpndnt dtrbtd thrh th jr Artt n thr rtr nld Aais Misou nd oe & Sass n dn r th ndpndnt th ltd rtn bdt frt trtn n n xprt trt hh ltvl rh fn f prtlr tl n dffrnt tp f bnd t nd dpndn n th prtv pn nd pl f prtlr lbl h

6 rlt tht hl frt rr b nrt f nn th r nll pplr th nr

If l t bnd sige th n blt t pl n th nhrnt bt n rltn t frt t b prtnt t xplr hthr th hv nthn r n n It ld b rd tht n thn h bnd hr thr geeaioa prdnt Sn th r rrn dnnt trtr f dntt hndd dn b bbbr th bnd rn thn th trnd hv n xprntl bt rtrptv lt r xpl ntl rd frt hv hlpd rptn bl pplr ntrt nt ht rth Arn Cndn hv bn nd n vrt f e eay nd drt t th US lbl Art; Coi ames tr dl th igi; nd t h llr l au ames h h n vnt trl n rnt (Maceas v11/7 19 p55; v1/9 197 p35 rthrr rr vn n thr l drtn hv rd 5 nd t Waes n 19 flln vrl nvr nd rl nd tr f th Wt t ll rt h hv b pplr n Cnd thrh r rnt dl th Soy Music (Ca Musicia v/7 19 p Slrl fr Kntn Ontr e agicay i hv b bnd th ll Cndn flln bt ltd US h bn b

A aiy eease n rrdn rld b th bnd tlf rthr thn n td lbl

rrn rth l ndn lr t frt t th

oig Soes Aftr rln n E n MG- Caaa n 199 th nd t MCA fr th rl f bnt lb (Ca Musicia v1/3 19 p5

h Cowuk trnd l l xn th f ntr bl nd fl th th tttd nd pprh f pn dvlpd t f Yr nd rnt h bnd td th t tnd t hv ll nnvtv nd th AC r frt rn ptntl On prtnt rp r th Cowoy ukies h hpl rrdd bt hhl ld iiy Sessios lb rld n t f MGs trrtr n 197 ue oeo r nthr bnd lld t th trnd h fr rnt nd nd t Waes n tht r (Maceas v1/1 199 p5-59 Al n td rtt k ag fr Albrt h rrtd th ecies n 19 Sh rld nl th nxt r nd nd hr brnd f ntr drt t Sie- Waes (ie & imes 11/5/9 p Althh h bn n ntr bn ntrvrl fr th tlnt rnzd n hvll b hr frth lb k hd vd n t rnn trh nd Cprd t th lt ntr pp f ue oeo nd drr xtr f e Cowoy ukies k ag h rpd th nr h h fr thn th f th lttr rtt hv fnd f n rtn th US nd Cnd Slrl Wnnp Cas es ummies r ttn thr ht brd n thr 1991 dbt lb n

8 MG ld ll t h (Cn. Mn v1/1 199 p h nthr bnd vr dfflt t trz b thr f nthn lnn fr pn trd Clt fl nfln

Exprt prtv rt ttn n hh f bnd hv n ntrt n prln tht th hv Cndn nd vr dr f rnn pttn xt btn th bnd hh hv nt t nd t th bt hlp th jr n ffr Whn nbd tnd t bnft fr t thr rt n th ntnl r n f t prvn ddnl nt t r d rtn dv f nt b th t thlv thn b th tff h pddl thr nl t rd ttn fr th lbl h pl n t fr b prt f thr "tr" (rdn 19 p9 If bnd rltvl ll r xlvl pln t Cndn dn t h n ntrt n trn th nlt Sllr bnd d th thrh thr n nd n (xt prdd n pr-t b trn thr h rn r b ntnn n f pplr ltr h th prt f h n nd btn n1

1 h cea fr hh Cndn t ld On rl 19 rpr ht b Cndn Grd b b v (Mln v73/ 193 p3

h rrnt ttn ll n plt nln bt n prtnt lnt tht ntnl tttd hv bn t trn rnd hrt n r l An nrl jrd ff th t t h frt hn (Mln v7/1 19 p3 Mr rntl rtt pplr brd r rld r r l fll dpndn n hr th hd hn t lv nt nl r hn tr t l rn Ad lbrtd bt r rtt t ppl n ll nt d ll brd h th

rnd d. Cnd pplr t b t ll dvr t ll t lbl th hrnt nd h ptntl prbl fr ntlt h nt tht t b rlvnt Cndn h t b h dffrnt fr frn rtt3 Yt n tr f tnl plr t d nt ttr tht th rtt r dvr n thr l tl In ft tht ld b n dvnt b ntrl fr th lltvl tr t vrt f tt rhp r prtnt tht t hv th bn f frn jr lbl; th h tht Cnd thrfr pltd thn dr ndtrl lx

nld th dn n th hptr h hn tht Cndn rtt r n n dvrt f ld

A G lv r h 3 An xpl f th ptn rr Grnt (19 p15 h r "r Cndn n t n I nt Arn tnttv bt prrv tp frrd trd dfnn r n pplr "

80 b dn bth nd nd td th ntr Whl thr h b t dvr fr t fnd nfn lt hh bltr n ntlt ptn t n xtnt thr r n b frtfll rpprprtd n Gr ntn f th tnl plr S fr t h bn xplnd tht trdtnll nt nl d Cndn lrl ltn t frn nd bt th frn rtrn fr d nd hh t tht rtrn At frt ht th prbl fr ntnl hrtr vr t h bn rd tht f rptn Cnd thn th lbl l fbr t b rrlvnt t t ioi tht Cndn h t b nfd nd dffrnt fr nthn rttn brd In h n ntxt Gr xplnd rn tht th ppl dd nt l Itln ltrtr nd th tht ndn rtr ld b rrnttd t b moe l frn rtr n rdr t rh thr fll tzn If rnl ltrl trnth frttn pnnt n th htr f Cndn r t l dbtbl n r xpl Appndx n h tht d n Qb tll bjt t dtn fr td th prvn

rn n nd h ntrt n rtn ntnl ltr th flln ttnt fr Gr n b ntrprtd tn t Itln rtr "trtr t b t n nd th t rrnt lnt f vlztn nd r f rt Othr ntd f rtt ltrtr thr ll b prfrn fr rl ltrtr" (r nd ll-Sth 195 p

8 vrthl n Cnd th dnd f frn rt hnn nfn f rpl n bnnn trnd nd dffrnt dr f rnl rtrnhnt hv bn prtnt n dvlpn trnd n th ntn h ftr n tht hl n tl bt th pplrt f frn rtt thn Cnd nd th dfflt fd b Cndn t nnt pltll p f th ltrl dntn f Cnd b th USA nthl tht npt f dntn h prvdd th rndn fr ntnl ltrl pl h th CC Cnn rltn xnd n th nxt hptr

82 Chptr hr Cnn oig i o You? "I dnt thn Id vr l fr Cnd"- ya Aams-

vn xnd th dfflt f fndn nd dfnn tnl plr n rltn t Cndn r t n prtnt t xplr ndtrl pt tht Gr dd nt ndr h dn n th hptr xplr th dr ntxt rn nd nn f th CC Cnn rd rltn ttd thn dl btn brdtr nd th Stt h tv bhnd Stt rltn rltd t th CC n nrn vr ntnl ltr nd th trtrll rnl ptn f Cnd nd rrdn ndtr A ntrl fr n th l lnt f Cnd tnl plr ya Aams tltd th CC t tn t rl Intrl t th pr t rd th ttntn drn t h n ntnlt tznhp nd rprnttv tt n th th f rlr nll pltn f th hn hh rltd fr Aams prtt r xnd

Antn Gr ph pn nr h rnlzd th frr hh dlvrd tht h b n nd f ltrr fr trd h f n Cnd r plx b nt nl r thr t

1 r ya Aams O e eco b W vrll (n Sauay ig v17/9 199 p

8 ndtr bhnd th dlvr f rrdn nd brdtn bt l th Cnn pl f th CC h bn n ll brrr nt l fr trd n th lttr rthrr hl th CC h vd bnd th dl f th l Stt t t b Gr t pl h tll bn t n xtnt n ln th h r h CC nl ndtd t dlv nt Cnd rv nd th th tt pprvl f th nd rrdn ndtr t h rltd th brdtr h hptr t xplr th l f Cnn th dl btn th CC nd brdtr vr t prtn nd th nn f th rltn nll th n hh n rtt (ya Aams prptd hn n CC pl dd

d rpl n brn t fr f t dr dn nd h vn btd nd l d hh bn nrt ntrt prptd n thr Evn n n f ntnl tlvn nd vd rd rh x dn lbl tll rpl 7 f th t pplrz rrd (A Wll es comm rd pn xtv trt thr rtn bdt t vd trd zn dvrtnt prphrnl nd htvr thr ptbl th n fnd t p th ntrt f ttn prrr h th Cndn ndtr pprt t rlr trd pbltn n t rh rd tff vn thh thr n rt fr nr zn rthrr vn f bnd d nt

84 ll n rrd f th r xtnv rpl th r rntd rnrtn fr prfrn rlt

Whl th ntrl f t rd prrr t prv dn rtn n rdr t dr n r dvrtn rvn t l tr tht ttn r jt nrnd th pn ll r f ltnr Old ttn fll rl thn th l f xzn dn rtn bt th d lttl t prt n bnd 197 15 f Cndn Sttn pld nthn bt ld ht (Maceas v1/9 p3 h dvlpnt dntrt tht th f rd vhl t prt bnd n n ndn tn fr th lblt rthr thn ttr f dtn (Obrn es comm

Yt th pplrt nd nnt rl vl f r lld th t prd r Cnd n th frt pl drn th 195 Yn ppl frd n xpndn hrt hh n b n b n fflnt rd dn hr rn nfnt nr rp prptd n ttn t hft prrn trd r nd rll S prrr (n th nvrnnt f th M Cn dpprvd b th n rd bth Arn nd th rnttd Anthr trnd fr

Unl l rlt fr rpl ffr rlr pnt nd r n f th nl n hh nn-prfrn nrtr t pd

8 Ar hh Cndn dptd th dvn btn AM nd M prrn t p n th USA b th drl Cntn Cn n 197 (nff 19 p7 t prt dvrt Sn M hd llr dn t b nt f l tdr dfflt t x tthr l dn ntl prrn nd trt dvrtn vntll dvlpd nt rd frt hh td M r t ntrtn r ltnr bth n th US nd n Cnd

In th 19 rd brdtr r dlln thlv n th USA (Yr 1971 p b th lr rt f tht ntr prvd th fftvn f thn dvlpd b thr prrr rthrr Cndn tlf n dfflt prdnt b Cndn rtt r rrl nd r hd ht n thr n ntr h h rvd rpl r thr xptrt nd

drt t US jr r rtt h Grdn htft, h hd blt p fn b b trn Cnd r xptn h h G Wh.

Strtn t Chd Alln nd th Exprn h G Wo hnd thr n n rdr t tr rd prrr nt thnn th r th Enlh bnd h Wh. h pl t th rpl fr thr 195 nl Shn All Ovr. hr r ltr th rd rpl n b rrdn prtn fr C-Cl Sttn hh dvrtd th ft drn pld fr th rltn nl h Eyes prtl t f rt t thr pnr bt tht bn r f US hrt ht fr th bnd (Yr 1971 pp1

86 A th 19 dr t l n n nvrnnt f ntnnl ptrt brdtn pl ndrnt ndrbl hn 197 th Stndn Ctt n rdtn l nd Atn t th Art hn rd tht nl bd ndd t ntrl th ntr ntn t n th blvd t "th ntrl nrv t f Cndn ntnhd" (tr 19 15

h rltn bd bd pn th xpdnt f nrlt ntn f nfd Cndn d ndtd b th 19 rdtn At nd lld th CC It hld vr rd ln lld th Cn t rlt th ntr prrn nvrnnt thn hh brdtr ld prt th t f tpltn Crll ftr nrl r f prprtn n th 1th f nr 1971 rltn fr AM ttn rrd tht 3 f th n pld n vr hr prd lf Cndn ntnt

h 195 nrntn f th rdtn At hv lld th rd f rdt Gvrnr t rt Cndn ntnt rl fr tlvn bt ntnlt plnd tht thr rtd t hvl pn th hldr f th CC 5 h tphr f th d ntrl nrv t -pttn f th trnl f Cnd t nfnt ntlltl xprt t th t Mrhll Mhn vr h hd rd tht ntn hd xpldd "aoisig bth p nd t fr r plnt nrnd" (Mhn 19 p3 S th rtfl bndn f th d fr ntnlt hd th r t dr n nd th th ntrdtn rn fr t n prhl

8 (Ca Comose n 195 p h r prptd th vrnnt f thr ntr th rltvl ll rt t ndr n thr ntnl rv fr th f ltrl prttn

It ld b rd tht f th M Cn hd bn nt n hh Cnd ntlltl hd d th n f th ntn n rdr t rt thr nd fr fndn th rn f Cnn rltd fr br f th nd rrdn ndtr ln l t th ntn t ltr th tvt f brdtr In bth ntn th Stt ht v fr t th l; t ntrvnd n th d n hh nl th Itln Stt rlr n th ntr Unl th USA th Cndn ntttn ntn n frd f th pr l (ndl e a 1977 p97 A trn Stt ld ntrvn

fr Cnn tblhd xtrt r h z Grn nd ft Spn hd ntrlld thr ntnl rv (Etzrn 1973 p191 h vrnnt hd ftrd ltrl ntnl b t nvnntl lld t thr xtr plt vr n r lbrl ntn pl fr th ntrl f rd fr ltrl prttn bn t fr rprnttv f rnlzd ndtr r xpl bfr rth pp bn t dnt frn rt n th d-19 rth n ttd fr vrnntl prttn f th thr ntnl rv (rth 1991 p h Cndn rltn n nprdntd r f tht rt fr dvlpd ntr It pvd th fr thr rnl ntn t fll t r xpl Atrl bn t t fr t rv n 1973 (nr 199 p 7 In th USA th drl Cntn Cn (CC dl th rd ttn lnn Sn th rt Andnt rnt frd f th pr th CC nnt a ioi nr ttn It n nnthl rv

88 n brdtn b ln t t n th ntrt f pbl h r thr nn frn

In thr plnt bt th• rn f pbl h ndr Cnn (Cn. Cpr, n 195 p brdtr r rll drn th rdtn f thr n ptn Sttn hd prvdd ltd h f fr ppl bfr th rltn h nrd th ft tht th pbl tll fr t d thr thn h rtn r trn ff thr rd Yt dn dd nt lv nd pbl d t th ntnl bhnd Cnn th hd nt plnd n nrl vr hn n 1975 th Cn ddd t bn M ttn rrd b Arn bl rv nt Cnd b th dd nt nr dvrt thr r nh ltnr plnt t th rlnt (ndl e l, 1977 pp9-93

h dt nn f Cnn r nr A CAAC rd pblhr prdr nd prtr n hd rdd r nd brnn h rt t bld pn

ttn ln f ht th brdt nt n th pbl ntrt h thrt f h tn pld th v drtv nd ttn t pl thlv vr dr rltd lr (nff 19 p7 Whl th Cn d p f x-brdtr (Mln v3/ 197 p111 nd ll t rpt th prtv pn th thn rn t ld d t pld h n rltn ppd t p pn Cndn brdtr n bhlf f th ntr brn rrdn ndtr

8 (Ca Comose n 195 p A dtrbtn t lrd n pl thn Cnd (Ca usiess v/1 197 p1 d pbl b trff n prtd rrd nd tt Cn t t f rltvl l rrdn t th Cnn rltn tltd th jr nt n Cnd es e fr Cndn bnd th xprt ptntl It trnd th ntnlt f Cndn rtt fr thn t hd nt rtn thn t h tltn n dt pt f pltn lb hh prrr ld lt fr 9 r th vrnnt th pl n fftv nd hp t rd fr trd n th l nd rtn f

A h Cnn fl n t f ntrdn Cndn t Cndn nd thrh th tltn th Cndn nd rrdn ndtr In t frt th CC dhrn t th prt f Gr n o pfn th ntnt f d b Cndn h lr t ht Spn hd dn bfr nd ht Atrl dd ftr Cnn bn Whl Cnn h lld th Cndn rrdn ndtr t ttn lvl hh t ld nt hv dn n fr rt th prdd rn xprt rnttd n th US rt rn lrr n Gr h n dt th ttn th r rlt

9 Cndn rtt hl r n rntd r rlt rnrtn dr f ntnl rntn nd ptntl l

0 ptn thn vpnt tn Cndn h t b dffrnt n pt f ntnt In ln th Gr d l f pftn rrdn th

coe f Cnn (bnd h d t lld th CC t p ntlt rnt Yt Cnn l prvd fl n ntrlln ntnt t prtlr t1

rhp r dfflt dl fr Gr tp f ntrprttn f Cnn h bn th tnn btn t frt f hlpn Cndn rtt nd nd f hlpn th ndtr In thr ntr ntnt pl nt nl vdd pprn n ndrt ptn (b pfn h th r hlpn th pbl r thr trtn f th rd prrr bt th l pt thr ltrl11 h dl f Cnn r t thrh th plnttn f ht b nn th MA t h nt tht h ltn (ndvdl n

1 Whn CAAC ntd 5 r r f dt ltn t hv nd/r lr rttn b Cndn (tr 19 p3 vr vrn f frn n ld b rnd t Whn vrn prd r t thr nrrt th CC fftvl prvntd prrr fr brdtn th Arn hrt r httzn f Cndn b pln lr bl f t t n (tr 19 p335 11 In Spn rn 199 rd ntnt l rfltd Gr b t d t tp th "rn frn" f th rv nd v th ppl " tl tht lr t thr n t" (Mrtn nd Srv 19 p15 h Atrln rdtn rbnl n rtn t An rl lrl t r rpl fr Atrln rtt n rdr t dvlp n Atrln l ltr nrt th th lt nd dvrt f vlbl (nr 199 p

pld n th rd ld b jdd nt th fr flln rtr nd (ftr 1th nr 197 f t t t lt t f th fr th n lfd ndr Cnn rl

M M pd b Cndn A Artt prnpll prfrn th r lr t b Cndn rfrn rrdd n r brdt lv fr Cnd r rttn b Cndn 1

Wth th t th CC r dfnn th nrhp nd ntnlt f h n n rdr t rt ptl l nd ndtrl nn fr thr rltn hr dfntn f Cndn tlnt bnd th rtt nn th n nt t rtr nd pl f rrdn 13 vr t th pbl ll tht n r hrd th rtt n tn Sn t pbl tht frn n

1 MA nfrtn tn hr fr CC tht e MA Sysem (CC 1--9 h CC lbrll dfn "Cndn" prn Cndn tzn lndd rnt r prn lvn n Cnd fr t lt th lt x nth 13 h rtrn th ltn hr n rrdd n prtnt ndrtn It n xpl f th ntrntnl ntr f th rrdn ndtr bn dnd b Cnn bnd ftn lv Cnd t rrd th prdr th l (ie Moes 1/9 p13 r t vd th prr dtrbn r brd f rrdn t h (Ca Musicia v1/5 199 p9 Cnvrl bnd h t Cnd fr xpl t r th prdr r rbrn n nvr t tht pnt n th Cnn t h nfrtn f MA rt rvn nd pt Cnd n th p fr fn brd bt hthr t bnft rlt t th vrll f Cnn tnbl

2 n b Cndn fl t t th thr rtr th t h l fd prbl f pbl ntblt

th brdtr th prbl th n Cndn l lt f thr t nprvn ptntl A h Cnn n dnr t dn rtn prtlrl n brdr ttn hr th blnt vr f th rl br dn nd Cndn ttn ptd th n fr th USA fr th ltnr (Cn Cpr v57/ 1971 p3 1

Aftr ntl nth (tr 19 p33 f ttn hv xdd th rtrn t ll tht bltn f th rl ld rd r ntn rrnt lvl f Cndn rthrr th ttn nrnd th ttrtn r ltnr tht brn th t prt th "tffn" f Cnn trl nt l pplr t f d h th lt vnn r ll hr f th rnn ( t hntn es comm h t prd drn hh h ttn t n vr r f Cnn ntrl th llt nd pplrt f tffn r xpl f th t vrd fr l r th hl d thn th bl f n tn th rtr n b tffd nt npplr t Yt f th vrn prd fr hr thn h fr hr bl

1 Yt n t prtd thr nl pbl tr th CC ntnd l

93 drn th d t t th rrd lvl f Cnn Sn tffn n n lfn Cnn r pld t npplr t th rlt t rd th dn ltnn t lfn t

Evn f nrr vrn prd n th pbl blnd t dffrn n ht th ltn t th Cnn rltn n tht rd prrr nnt frt th r dln th t tp f Mn f th ntll httz Cndn ( hntn es comm hrfr hn rrd n prrr pt th nt t pl Cnn nd frn rtt h frt nd rt f ttn fft ht t rv n tr f th ntt nd tp f npt nt h pl Wht prprtn f h pl t pld dpnd pn th ttn frt h ftn t pl ld nd ndr ht rttn r rpt ftr ttn prt Cnfltn tr bt th ntr nd vblt f Cnn xt (Ca Comose n 195 p nt nl b f th rth f th ndtr n th rl bn bt b th rltn nnt b ndrd tht t ntxt lnd fr xpl rl vrnn th dth f frt

h frt rl vrn ht nr f ttn h ttd t ll pl n t omise o eomace15

15 A omise o eomace th dnt h rd ttn prt f t ln ppltn t th CC pfn ht t ntnd t brdt

4 rrr frt n l ttn pr frt lbl n trt prtnl bdt t ttn ll t pl thr prtlr t r n rn td nrt nr th nrrr th frt th llr th dn th n rh h nt rlt rdd dn ptntl rrd br bt r ffnt t trt dvrtn nd lbl prtn dllr bl 3 h h rd rrntl dvdd n Cnd ae 3 e ouaiy o iee aio omas i Caaa

rt f Sttn f tnr Adlt Cntprr (AC 1 Mddl f th d (MO 15 Alb Orntd (AO 7 11 Othr 17 1 (Sr Ca Musicia v7/ 19 p1; ocus o Cuue Stt Cnd v/ 199 p

S AC rrntl th dnnt frt n Cnd bt th tr trt rltv nrt f ltnr nd nld d vrt f h Cndn rrdn ndtr d nt prvd lt f trl n th AC n nd Cntr frt Cnn trl ddd t thr pllt n t nt th ttn ( t hllp es comm bl rnttn thlv t th frt thn Cnd hv th bnft f Cnn nd l f nd t dvt n t prtn thr r t ttn h ttn rh lttl td thr frt th nr t dfnd r ll n Cnd thn n th fldd rt f th USA Al lb tr

ld ht r th frnt rpttn f n n b d t fll p th Cnn t Of th frt nl AC prvd rtt th trn nntv t tlr thr prdt thrh t dnn h thr nr r nrt ntrt ntnn rrd d b ntht r th r nrnd th xprt- In frt hh hv n hrt f Cndn t h fr h AO (hrd r S bnd thr b nt d nh r t lt t th t h n n ttn hv trnd hpfl n bnd th th x tht th hd lrd flld t th t fr th ( Uftn pr. comm

Appndx t h htr f hn t Cnn nd th thr rl rltd t t nldn dnn frt dfntn Wht th dntrt tht th CC h bn ttntv nh t th l f Cnn trl n n frt t ln t rl17 r xpl f nl

1 r xpl ntr n Cnd thrvn nrt ntrt Cntr rl n Cnd lltvl ntn nt th hht prnt f Cnn prd t thr tp f (Snd rdn Sttt Cnd 19 p 9 199 p9 vr th rl r rltvl f n nbr nd pld n dtnt nrt f ttn 17 Whl ttn thn th t lbrl rltr frr f rl td Cnn r th t fr t pl frn trl th l hv th ptntl t rn vbl hl pln r Cnn trl In llfld Qb KO 137 AM bn n 1991 frnphn ttn hh ddd t pl nl Cnn tn h pbl b n AM ttn th d nt hv t pf frt n thr pr f prfrn nd n pl nthn

6 th tp frt hrt n e eco r th USA trd zn ioa th CC dfn t i (Ca Comose v1/ 199 p17 A prt f th pl t dffrntt AM nd M prrn nd nr dvrt M ttn ld nl pl ht htn t pr A M t vr dn fr AM prrr b rt bt th rl prtlrl b f thr rn hrt rnttn h rpt ftr rl hd xtd fr n r ln d Cnn bt dn vd fr AM t M prrr flln th plnd bt th rl b t prvntd M pllt fr bn flld th prvn ht Whn brdtr flt nd t tn th rl th rd tht t prvntd th frtn f Cndn tr t nd rlt t lntd fr Cndn trl n 19 (eguaios esecig aio oacasig CC 19-13 p-3 h pvd th fr th plt lntn f th rl n 199 ( hllp es comm

vr fr fr thtl ntrlln th dl prtn f ttn th CC lt th t lrl pl tlf ht fr th trt ftr lrn p thr r th Cn trtd th brdtr bt ht t MA rtr At frt th CA pld b f Cnn trl th 7 ntr (Ca Comose n57 1971 fr Goo igoo t eee Caue t dn t l th Wes E Gis (oe v3/1 199 p

p3 bt d t th lt f ntnn h b MA rtn n dpld n h rrd lbl1 rd pn r lln t d th n th t rtn thn n Cnd (A Wll es comm

rthr pln f th brdtn t prt thrh t tr f plnt rtl th pbl n pln t th CC bt ttn vr th pr h lttl ptntl th CC n tn th rprnttvn f ndvdl plnt nd t dnt ltd h t t p tht pbl plnt rnttd trd hldn ttn t thr pr f prfrn nd thrfr th CC t th rdtn At (Gltn nd Atn 191 p3-5 h prhl nptn f th d pn hh th t rt rrl tnd tnr ll ddr vrbl plnt t th ttn nrnd r tn t thn l rthr thn ttnd CC tn19 bl nrn n tht plnt fr th pbl tnd t pr Cndn ttn t th n th USA tht rlzn

1 CA Stnd fr th Cndn Atn f rdtr 19 In rlt "pbl" hrn hld b th CC b fr n hh brdtr nd lbb rp xpr thr v; nthr th Cn nr th brdtr thr rl tht f pbl dtr ( t S Alxndr c s comm dpt thr ppd ntblt

8 thr dffrnt rltr nvrnnt ( t pr

h nd t f plnt ddrd t th CC fr brdtr nrnd bt thr brdtr

St th CC rnt r thn n ttn th frt f ll rt n pprt th h tht pttn v n xtr nntv fr ttn t ntr thr pttn pll n pln bt nthr ll ttn drftn trd t n frt1 Anthr f plnt pln th th Cnn rl On brdtr fnd flt th pttr thht t b ntn n tn nl n f th MA rtr Cnn r fln th t (E O es comm In t d th CC ll pll th l b f bth brdtr t th plnt hh n tht nl

ttn th ln rrd plnt Al th CC

h CC dd hh ttn n t ln t ll l b tn nt nt th fnnl rt nd rt fr prpd vntr ll ht nd f h prpd ttn ll pl h n nvr th hv trnd dn ltrntv r ttn Ct 1 ppltn fr n M ln vn thh t prbbl th nl n t pl vr th Cnn t n nd nr dvrt th vr lr pl lt ( Uftn es comm h rn tht th ttn h l dn rtn nd h bn n fnnl dfflt (Goe a Mai 5//93 pA9 1 r xpl E tnn ttn hv bn t dd vl blld nd rp nt AC frt th l ltnr t AC ttn pln b th hv hhr t t fll p ( tn es comm

nl frthr rnd p; n 199 t ht bt fftn ttn b th thd (iacia imes o Caaa 1//91 p1 Yt n ttn h vr lt t ln ll vr Cnn ffn h rt tht h hppnd h bn th rdtn f ln tnr dn fr ptntl 7 r t 1 nth hh rprnt pnhnt n t t ln t t prpr h ln ppltn (S Alxndr es comm

Cplnt bt th Cnn t hv fr vrt f vpnt Wht hll nntrt pn hr r th fr rtt thlv pplr fr hv prhp prvd th t pbll trbl t th Cn trddln th bndr btn th pbl nd rrdn ndtr nd th tnn t h th CC

r th USA ime zn rd tht Cnn nrtrd nd dbtfl Cndn ltr brrr t fr trd (Maceas v5/ 197 p7 h v nrnt f th ndtrl nd d nfrtn rnd Cnd nd fl dr f hrn t th ntn ltr Othr r tht th bn t lr fr Cnn t b fftv (M b es comm Yt th rl nt US rrd pn ld n lnr vd nn Cndn bnd th th x tht th bnd fld t hv ht n thr h ntr Cnn lld frn jr t rl Cndn t n Cnd tt bd rthrr th CC drtl prtd Cndn bnd ( Caaia eaue Segmes r nrd n rtrn fr n dvrtn nt n M 19-1991 nd t Cnn fr ndpndnt lbl h d tht Cnn t r pd pn th pbl frt wo th r rll pd pn brdtr h h bld tnd brdtr pth fr th ltd f Cnn (Maceas v5/ 197 p7 nrd n prtv fn ttn

00 ntbl Artt dd nt l l th n hh thr xpr hd bt 3

lfn t th ttn td dbt bt thr tlnt hh l fr ld nt l dpl h prbl tht h dbt d tht ttn prrr r prtl jd f nprvn tlnt n th frt pl A fr fr tlnt nvtbl Cnn hd xd rlt bt bt Cndn tlnt fr ll r r t rlzd tht hl th t nrd th rpl dvtd t Cndn fr fld fr t 3 l fr rnd ntnt t rnd 11 f ll th pplr bht n Cnd (e eco v1/ 1991 p An ht th ltv tttl fr nrd th ft tht n t Cnn prvdd b ndpndnt lbl thr lr bln n th n pnt t prt nd rt Cndn rl prd t th fr frn rtt

Whl t rtt r thnfl fr th bnft Cnn ld v th tr f pplr Cndn rtt rn

brd ya Aams Ae Muay nd Ceie io hv nt

3 In frt th l Cndn trl Cndn t r ttn pld b f thr ntnlt rthr thn h d th r If thn l prtnl dllr nd t f rn r hld l l l ld h bnd vn n rtfl br b Cnn bt pt ld l d hh l rlt f rntd xpr (Wrht 197 p3 A pttn t fll t b thr th rn fr th fln bn t dppr

0 lfd Cnn n thr ltr rr Whthr th vdd lftn dlbrtl r b dnt th rtt hv rfd thr ptn n th llr pl f rl tn Cnn rrnt fr th nld tht thr nnt b ttrbtd t th rltn r b d n pr f th Cn

Of th t ya Aams h rtd nprdntd hn n th MA t b pbll hldn th CC t nt fr h prvd trztn nn- Cndn vn thh nn f th n co-wie fr h Wakig U e eigous lb lfd ndr Cnn rl Whl h hd plnd fr t p ntl Aams prttd lt n 1991 th CC hd rrl xnd th trtr f MA b th hd rvd lttl pbl plnt nd th ndtr tlf hd pt n ntd frnt n fvr f ntnn th rltn

Aams hlf hd ttnd lvl f dfflt fr th Cn t nr hh nt l fvrt

r xpl th Cndn Snrtr Atn fnd thrt t Cnn rr fr thr br (oe v/ 197 p Al Al Mr f Aic ecos blv tht n th dn vr Cnn btn lbl th CC nd rd prrr ph hld b hftd fr t prnt t ptrt nd th rht f tzn t hr Cndn t rnbl t f th d (Ca Com n35 19 p nll prfrn rht t zn ntnd dtrl blzn Cndn rtr nt th rn f Cnn ( Music Scee n35 195 p

02 th th rt n th pt Aams hd t r f prdnt th h Sptbr 1991 h rbl th bt nn Cndn td th ntr l au Aka hd bn bfr h Yt nl Aka h brd d h ntnl hr b h ll rlln pnt fr th Cndn rrdn ndtr5 hd bn th frt Cndn t ll vr lln p t h th th lb eckess (aia Coice ea /3/7 p3 nd n f th nl Cndn t ppr t th v Ad ntrntnl fn rlf nrt Mrvr h frh fr hvn th bt lln nl n th rld n th Arn W Ae e Wo llbrtn (Eeyig I o I o I o You (Sauay ig v17/9 199 p

h lvl f d h n l rt sie o sugge thn th r pr Whl t th rpl f vd fr h 193 lb Cus ike A Kie hh bn t br Aams r rth Ar th rl f h eckess lb n Otbr 19 nd tr th ia ue

5 ya Aams hd -rttn t f h ht th Cndn nrtr ln h t r br f OCA th rfrn ht Ornztn f Cnd ldn prfrn rht t hh rd th CAAC t fr SOCA t xt td Edtrl n Caaia Comose -ptd Ad ln jnd OCA tff (Music Scee v3/5 197 p; oe v/ 197 p1 Yt n 1991 prnl dffrn btn th rr nd thr prdnt nd pbl Aams ntrntnl v f nrtn nt h dftd t n Arn prfrn rht rnztn ( Obrn pr

0 fnll d h nn lbll n nth r tr Aams flld pth tht hd jt rntl bn frd b Arn uce Sigsee h hd trnd t r nth nd nltd rtn th h o i e USA lb nd tr Wrtr ftn r f t t tt pn rtt fr thr rdr Artt prd t Ad r ll Arn t bl h n f h nfln (t h vr n t h l r hl n r rth

ae Comaisos ewee ya Aams a oe acs

tnlt f t f Cprn7 Infln Arn 3 th 1 t 3 At rth 11 th 5 t 7 At Atrln 1 At (AC/C 1 At (AC/C Cndn 1 At (Coey a (Sr th n nn-xhtv bt xtnv rh f th Caaia Musicia Caeaie e Goe a Mai Maceas Meoy Make Music Scee ew Yok imes oig Soe Sauay ig Si e ooo Sa e imes nd aiey

Whn Aams prd t Cndn th r ll ntnl fr rthr thn n r xpl t lt thr t h h bn prd t h tr Wn Grtz (acoue Su 5/1/5 pA1; Maceas v1/7 197 p3; Goe a Mai 13/9/9 pC1 7 Sprt fr r vn fr th ttl nbr f prn d btn Aams nd t fr prtlr ntr nd l th nbr f t fr h ntr th hh h prd r xpl Ad prd t 1 Arn t bt b rtr lltvl prd h t n f th t r thn n h prd t Arn rtt lltv ttl f 3 t In tht prtlr h prd t Siasee 17 t nd th rnn 17 prn r dtrbtd btn 9 thr rtt

1 Whl Aams lt nrtn nr thn Sigsee nd h n r plr hlf f th Arn prn r th Sprntn If thr nd tl r dffrnt ht Aams nd Sigsee dd hv n n f drn dn fr lv h n pln t hrt nd jn hh dntd th rlr h tl nt n n r; rtr n Maceas hd ntd ddl l Cndn drn n nl r lth n 197 (v5/3 197 p3 hl rlr Cndn rr l ei Youg nd e Guess Wo hd dn (v/5 1971 p1; v/ 1971 p5 Sigsee d th tl tl pplr n r t t hlf th rn l Arn tht th thn Arn r tld t hld dr (h blnd ptrt nd th Arn dr nd tnn n lht f th prdnt f prr ppl Yt th h nvd th thh n hh rnvtd vrd lf th hp S h lthd n t n hh dtrtd fr (r vn nvrtd h rlr bn fl nd th prvn th Arn r ptrt Arn nd x bl Attntn

Aams nftrd th fr hlf " rlr h nt" (Kn 195 p1 dntrtd t n dffrnt hh b prt f h tr h nldd vrthn fr th ft tht h b h n pln tt t th l f ln tr l n h n (Guia aye v1 197 p Whl nt nl n thlv th b rlvnt thn nt td th r tr

0 fd pn th n hlf rthr thn th h pntd t9

ya Aams n r fftv tnl vhl ll r nrnd th rltnhp rthr thn th plht f th rn pr vrthl h drn dn nt tht n rdr t d p pr rprt ld pl pn lnt f h vl dntt3 h rth pr n prtlr ht n t h Cndn hr nd d h ntnl dntt fr lhthrtd trtpn31 S Aams n rlr Cndn brd rthrr Sn rth (19 p9-11 h bn t dtf uce Siqsee b hn th nthntt f h r xpl hl pn nl rr

9 S Makig A ou oise b Mllr (n ewsweek 13//7 p7 3 Strn th dn f h lv h r n (ie & imes 1/7/9 p; Goe a Mai 1//9 pE; vn h nl ptn t t th n h Onn frt pr (acoue Su /9/9 pC1; xplrn h lnt x bl (Caeaie v59/9 19 p71; Ceem v19/ 197 p9 r r f h rdnrn l rh b nxt dr (oig Soe 1/9/7 p 31 rth tn r th Cndn trtp h th br rt r xpl "I nt t t ht h dvrtn Cndn lr prhp?" (Meoy Make v/1 19 p "It t pbl t n nlf n dt-flrd tvrn thn th Aams rp prfr ndr nn n dvrtn btt br" (ie & imes 1/7/9 p Al pn lrnn tht Aams hd rrdd n lb n h nvr h n rprtr td h nxt t b "rrdd th th tn f p f h nd d f nt" (Meoy Make v/15 197 p17

06 nd pl Sprntn ltrll th b pln h n bnd In lr t ld b hn tht fr xpl ya Aams fr ddl l brnd In ft th fr tpl tn f Aams pr brph (ooo Sa 5//9 pA1; Sauay ig v17/9 199 p S t ld b rd tht n fn n bt d nt r tht th rr r nt ht th h tn h n ddl l dn hv nd fr th nd f

Whtvr th rn t hn t h b lr tht Aams image as rlr h b ntrll prtnt At n rnt h Aams rprtdl rd ptrt frnz prbl t n rd (ooo Sa 3/9/5 p1 hl t nthr n nvr rd hrd hn Ad tld th h hd n lvd n th rn l brb f Srr (acoue Su 3//9 pC3 S flln eckess ya Aams n ntrl fr n Cnd l tnl plr h pt h n prvld ptn fr hh t p fr - nd t - Cndn Wth th lt 19 rth n ll n r vnt nd ndr prr fr th rt Aams d th rltvl nfl t l nnnt lb Io e ie nll h rvrtd t th prt r nd rlr tt fr Wakig U e eigous

0 Aftr t rh rl th nrprnttv ntl nl (Eeyig I o I o I o You ld lln p rldd nd b th t fl tn n Cndn htr (acoue Su 7/1/9 p; ooo Sa 1/1/9 p1 lln n t tl th Wakig U e eigous lb rld n th 3rd f Sptbr th CC hd e aco d t rln All 15 n n th n lb hd bn -rttn th Egis prdr brt "Mtt" n vn h n jt n f th t MA pnt ndd t lf t Cnn A prt f th 7 f nn-lfn ltn h n ld nl b pld x f 1 t pr n n M ttn (ooo Sa 1/1/9 p1 hr r vr hn Aams ld hv d vn t th lt nt t hv d th lb lf Cnn3 ff tn (es comm td tht nr r Alln hv pl frttn t rrtl fl th n th AW Yt tht lbl pt th MA l n t d rtn dv thn Cnd (A Wll es comm th prbbl ld nt hv lt h • t lp thrh It ld b rd tht -fln dlbrt t n Alln prt fr Aams

3 r ntn n f th ntl nl lr r tn fr th oi oo fl rpt nd Mhl Kn rt th ld th ld hv fdd th rdt tht Aams pprd t rt thr th r lr vn th n MA pnt rthrr Mtt nd Aams hd rrd Ad d fr n f th n (acoue Su 7/1/9 pC th fdn ld hv bn dn n thr n Al f th lb rrdd n Cnd n ld hv t th pnt

08 rdtr pt t f th dpt bt t ll th ld hv ld t hv n Aams n trl lf Cnn n h n ld b pld n t frt n prvn ht In ft nthr Ad nr h nr plnnd t fht th CC dn b drtl nttn th Cn (Wiieg ee ess 13/9/91 p31 n th n tht prvn tr Aams ld rv plnt •f Cndn rpl Aams nprdntd nd rprnttv tt rlr pt h n prtlrl prfl ptn fr hh t rtz Cnn nd ll th prvd brrt tndn f th CC nt nt Wht r Alln nd ya Aams r dn hldn th CC p fr pbl accouaiiy

rtl Alln t th pprtnt t tn Cnn t f lltn f l prvl (Goe a Mai 13/9/91 pC1 ntd h thr t ld lf h r nt Cndn h e Osmos th uy oe rttn b au Aka bt dd nt xn th ndtrl f Cnn hn h pltl prd Cnn t nthr lltn t b pntn t tht Cndn h tr Wn Grtz hd n Arn f lvd n Anl nd pd tx t Ar t h lfd t pl n th Cndn ntnl t Intrtnl h dd nt h t l t thr h t thn th ndtr h th n r ACO r xn th rn h dffrnt

0 ltn rtr r n dffrnt ntxt xt Alln t n trn nt npltn f th trd Aams n tznhp h CC pld tht Aams n n dd nt lf Cndn ntnt At th lb rl prt Alln thn d "r ln p t ya nd n ht ya? Yv lvd hr ll [] r lf bt r nt Cndn rtt" (Cagay ea 13/9/91 p

Aams hlf h th trt f h Cndn tr rl n 199 t tt Cnn n r f ntrv th Cndn nppr 33 bn b ttn ntl "If th thn n-Cndn tht thr prbl" (Moea Gaee 1/1/9 pC7 bt h nt n t "Wh nt t hv n ntrntnl rrd nd thn b dlrd n-Cndn?" (ooo Sa 1/1/9 p1 Wth lht f hnd ll prtd b pltn Alln nd h t hd trnd rnd ntrprttn f th Cnn rln trd Aams tt Cndn t nbd hd vr d h nt n (S Alxndr E O es comm In ft tht th n MA pnt h hd rvd

33 Sn th n lb rltd fr 3 brn llbrtn nd hd bn r n th prprtn th pr r r fr frh n At n t h ddd t rp 1 nth rth f td rrdn (Sauay ig v17/9 199 p

0 h prvd trztn rtd tr f pr rt lrl n fvr f Aams nd nr t h plht h Cn lblld lf-ndlnt nd lf-prpttn (iacia imes o Ca 1//91 p1 vn thh nl tn frtn f t tff dl th rd Cnn 3 Al ttntn fd pn h Ad hld hv lfd h hd Cndn pprt lrd rnzd b th Stt (th th Ordr f C nd f Cnd hd nprdntd nd dd thn hh ntrbtd t th ntn (Wiieg ee ess 13/9/91 p39 Crtnl th r ll tr r th rrd nl fr Cndn nt th Ceie io (ooo Sa /7/9 pC t th Aams d h ntnlt nt th dd frn rtn thn t h ntrl ffrt n th Cndn fn rlf nl eas Ae o Eoug (Or 199 p3 ya Aams hd dn d thn hh frntl ntrbtd t th f ntnl nt nd h xrd n nl dr f rl ntrl vr th f h n Mrvr th ntn f Aams rlr Cndn drn pn h hd lvd n Cnd t f h lf nt pltn bt "vr" Cndn (eomig As v7/ 199 p1 35 Ae

3 h CC h 375 tff (S Alxndr es comm nd 9 f th dl th Cnn n rd (iacia imes o Ca 1//91 p1 h b ttn lrl pl thlv nl 3 f tff nd t dntr Cnn

35 "Althh h l t fl vr Cndn Aams tht h h nvr thht f h hvn ntnl nd" ( nnn Mln v1/7 197 p35 h

Mrr., h hd bn n lr prdnt fr r l lnt hr pprt (nvr Sn 1/1/9 p vr f n rtt Cndn tznhp ln nh t lf Cnn th ndtrl f th rltn ht b n dbt; t th pbl hrdl n r rd bt th

Ad hlf d th pprtnt t pt frrd h v n th rl f th Stt n Cnd3 rd tht th vrnnt d nt bln n th bn nd Cnn hld b blhd tht Cnd ld pt n th ftn th th rt f th rld h ft tht Cndn nr nl pprtd h n h br n th USA d t t th t nfftv th th In ddtn h ld tht Cnd hd t bt rtt [th bt n th USA] bfr th rltn bn In rdr fr Cndn rtt t r fr th trt th hld b rrdd ll n th lt f thr Ad rd Cndn rtt nnt t nd lhr b Cnn brd drt bl t h n fl n t n th nld tht th rtt ll rv rpl Sn Cnn d nt pprt br Cndn rtt h ndtr pprt td th ntr th rltn prvd ltd pprtnt fr rr

ht h ntrtn n rltn t Gr d 3 rnt hr drn fr ntrv n th rnt Str (1/1/9 p1 nd nvr Sn (7/1/9 pC1+C

2 rth Aams ntnd tht drt n nvr b rd b pnlzn xlln bt b th dn nnt b rltd rl tlnt l n t d f Cnn t t nbd th Cndn pprt hld ttll t t pnt bt prhp drt pprt ltd t lb pr rtt ld b bttr

Whl f th nt ntnd rn f trth t r nv r hprtl37 h hpr rltd t th ft tht Aams flxbl n phn fr htvr h ld t A ntnl hr drn h prvd trztn t n br f th pbl Aams hd In Gllp rv hld t th t 7 f th ntrvd d rn Aams rnl dlfd nd rht n h plnt (aia Chrnl ea 5/3/9 p1 h Cn n trbl t n th ndtr ntd Cnn pt nd Ad hd lt rdblt th llr n (nvr Sn 1/1/9 p1 t br f th pbl bn phnn p t r thr v (S

37 v fr ntn n tht h nrd h prrr frd nd pd fr pl n thr dffrnt frt hprtl n rn th hl t bt fn ttntn pn ttn n rl hnd ( Obrn es comm trd lt hl n th hrt n rbtr ld t b -pltl hlt bnnn hn n pltn ld nt hv hd th pr t rthrr Aams is fr fr bn nt n Stt nvlvnt n ltrl ndtr n tht h pprt th CC " fr f vrnnt bdzd ntrtnnt tht tll d d" (Sauay ig v17/9 199 p

Alxndr es comm An ddd prbl t th nttd th CC n nhrn3

In rth Clb frr Envrnnt ntr hn nld rt t pr ntr rn Mlrn bt th CC dlfn " fll t bdr" fr Cnd (C v3/5 3/9/91 p39 At tht t Cn Chrn Kth Spr nd Srtr Gnrl rdnnd ll r n tr f Cnd ltn th h f brdtr nd nrt rp n nfrl ld n (S Alxndr es comm Mlrn tl prptd Spr t dd t t p tt f ndtr rprnttv t l nt th A dt t fr rv f bn n ppr nd nppr nd rnl ff r tld bt th Irt llr r dvd t rt t th CC b nl th nttn f MA th pr f th rv - n ppr tht n pbl hrn (S Alxndr es comm Efftvl th CC hd ddd t rppl th th lt rdl bt t brrn f Aams plnt

3 A tn drtr fr rd t th CC Ann Mr rh tld th pr tht Aams lb hd d b hlf pnt d t t frn -rtr Yt th CC nvr v t hlf pnt (Wiieg ee ess 13/9/91 p39 rthr Sn Alxndr (es comm nd th CC ftht (1--9 bth th nfn hrthnd f ltn lfn "Cndn" rthr thn tn Cnn rrnt

4 fr th dn f th CC nnnd 1 nth ltr t nfnt ndnt t pl On Mrh th th n rd hh r prtl Stt fndd nd ntnll tlvd n CC39 Aams hd n nr n n th pt nldn f th fr n n eckess n 19 (Wiieg ee ess /1/ p3 A rthr tff rd t thr nvr t b r t th n fr r thn n tr f h tp In th pt Aams hd fndd ff Coey a bt n 199 e ie vtrn om Cocae nntd nt h n 5 tr h tphr tn b th rd ld b fr fr th ndtr t pbll nt n Aams v n th rprntd th vt f br f CAAS Cocae hd hvd nl thn Cnd nd th h ltt lb a a Wo d trn ntndr Addn t th tnn th ft tht r Alln hd frrl nd th n ntndr tht fnnl (Ca usiess v57/9 19 p7 nd Alln rrd t hv thrtnd t pll h rrnt tr nl rntd n rd (Goe a Mai 3/3/9 pA

A t trnd t n th tr hr bth hd bn nntd Cocae n thr rd (Alb Snl nd Ml vlt nd Aams wo t (Snrtr nd rdr Of

39 h n r dd frthr n Chptr fr

th Cocaes rd r ll ltd b CAAS vt hl Aam rdr rd hn b CAAS pnl Aams l t Spl Ahvnt Ard fr h bt lln nl nd h rvrtd t rlr tt b thnn CAAS fr "pttn d th plt" h nt rlt r tht th ndtr hd hn tlf t dr th Aams v; CAAS rv tn n th nht hd tht nl 1 f br thht Cnn hld b hnd (CAAS ews /9 p Al rlt f h rntn Cocaes lbl Caio v h lb n pt n th USA ( rbrn es comm

h nd ndnt rrd n Aprl th jt bfr thr d nfrn n th ndtr n Cnd hn e ecos nn dtr Mrtn Mlhh pblhd h xntn f h ll Cndn rtt hd dn n ioas US nl nd lb hrt Mlhh d l Whtbrn rhvl rfrn b nd [tn] pr pnt t t "t prptv" n th "ntrntnl" fft f Cnn1 hd tht n nrl Cndn rtt hd rtr n th US hrt prr t

t h ddd "If plt r n t b nvlvd thn lt t b th t n t b" hl Cocae d t n pnt "Ann h thn Cndn dr n t hll" (Goe a ai 3/3/9 ppA Al 1 Infrtn n th Mlhh ttt tn fr e eco (11/33 //9 pp1 1-17 nd th Goe a ai (7/3/9 pC

6 Cnn hh fftvl prvdd vdn t bltr

Ad v n frnt f th ndtr

Whl Mlhh dttd h fr hd "nthn t d th th dt ndtr" h t nflt ntrntnl th Arn prfrn Mrvr h pl ltd bnd n hh t lt hlf th br r Cndn rthr thn pn f n bnd tn MA rtr Al thh Mlhh dd nt nt th frl hlf thr rprnttvn pn t tn r xpl th tp ndvdl nl h fnd t hv bn fr "n ht ndr" Al f n l t th lltv prpnt fr Cndn rtt n th nl nd lb hrt hl rtt dd ll bfr Cnn vrll th ttl rtnl dd nt pll n th 19 Wht th t n nrn f ndtrl btl t th prr f Cndn rtt h th lrr dn f th n nd rrdn ndtr

nll lt n nr 1993 th CC nnnd t dn bt h ntrntnl -rttn n ld b ntrprtd ndr th MA t Evr n Kth Spr hd lld pn ndtr rprnttv th nrl v tht Cnn d rl bt t ld nd fn tnn t vd r l tht f Ad

h tp thr r r th, Shrff nd h nd.

(acoue Su 1/1/9 p Cnn hd th dvnt f blnt ntrnt n tht t hp fftv nd t h ptn f rdn hlf pnt ld b dfflt t nd dntr nd ld rn th MA l Wht th CC ddd t rd n hl pnt f t ld b hn tht th Cndn -rtr ntrbtd t lt 5 t bth nd lr Sn th rln nl ppld t lb d ftr Sptbr 1991 Wakig U e eigous hd fftvl bn th tl t hn bt dd nt lf (acoue Su 1//93 p

h rl ll n tht th CC n r h t trt n xtrnl prt vr djdtn nd l f th prbl tht frntl nbd n b xtl r h h h prn ntrbtd t n -rttn n ( rbrn es comm rhp r prtnt tht th n rl h hn r rrn rtl hl Cnn t ld b hnd n ttn b ttn b th n rl nprdntd htr hn n th MA t tlf3 Al t fftvl nlrd th pl fr hh prrr ld dr Cnn n r ntrbtn t Cnn pbl fr th jr r

3 MA hv bn ppld dffrntl bt ntl th - rt rl t tbl r xpl lthh n t frt r 1 MA lfd th CC d t lr tht hn f rtr tznhp ld nt ltr th MA rtn f thr prv sogs (Ca Comose n57 1971 3

8 xpl Sn M h pl f nrn ntrntnl -rt ( tn pr. ..

nld fr thr prt brdtr r bnnn t Cnn n th n f th ntn lvr t ln thr rl n f hh hv hlpd llr bnd rthr th MA t hld n bvlnt tt n rltn t Gr d In tr f th pplr lbrtn nd ptn trnttd r plx thn rtn b th nrtr nd prfrr n b f dffrnt ntnlt If blv th trnn f ptn ll n th rtn thn nl th M nd n MA (pprtn t ndtrl prv nd Yt Cndn rtt nn n rttn b frnr r ptbl t th pbl h prbl tll rt th th brll dfntn f ht nttt Cnn t th fn brd pprt f th ndtr Al th n rln th dfntn vn r lbrl

A th n pl t d tht Cnn nnt pl ll th ppl ll th t nd n ttpt t ntrvntn h rtd t n t f prbl Ye t l tr tht rn Ad dpt h ntnl prtt n nntnt fr vr tltd b h

It dfflt fr th pbl t lbrt frn rtt thr n nd th d nt r bt nrtr

ffrt t tht th CC h ( ntnll ntbl rnztn hd t ndr thn bnd t p th ntrntnl ntr f th nd rrdn ndtr

20 Chptr r ln h G SA om e aseme o gaage Ge a akoa a sa a a Miss a u Goo music O gimmicks omo Miss a u ae cas Ou o gameI

trll th jr rrd pn hv bn rtd nd ntrlld b nlrt tht dvrfd nt nd rrdn t prd dnd fr thr hrdr l (nff 1991 p On th rn f th rnztnl trtr th Cndn nd rrdn ndtr nl nt nl b t h rvvd t ll bt l b t h bn fndntll hpd n prtlr b ntrvntn t th ntnl l fr th Stt nd brdtr h rnt bd hv r rp ium n rld n lb lld us A Game On n d f th t-fld lv brd bt nttn th bn It hd tht th bnd trtd th ndtr (n n lvl t lt l th ll t rl prl nd pprtnt n n bnd ftr ll bt ayig th tl nd dntt

If Cndn bnd l trt th ndtr th hptr drt ttntn t h th frd t plr rtl th bn xnd lddr fr rn rtt Snd ltd ntnl pbl nd prvt nttv r xplrd hh hlp bnd t prtlr

1 r th lv f th us A Game b ium (Aic 1979

2 pnt n thr rr h tp bld pn th lt hptr b ndtn r n hh th Stt nfln th nd rrdn ndtr

Mt t th lrt dn pbl t n ndr tht rtt th fn n r thn n ntr ld prfr ntnd pplr rntn t bn ptnd ntnlt b tn f th pr f th r vn th h In hptr thr t rd tht Cndn rtt hv ntrbtd t dr dvlpnt b th hv bn bl t r fr th ll l Yt t nv t th nt nt lrr rt bd n th rntn f tlnt b nn ddnl ll n t t b dtrbtd t ntnl l t lt tht rnt tp rthrr fr t nd t th jr bnt rth pl hrnt hn f dn n thnth lbl nflnd fr th rt prd Evn thh n ntrntnl rt xt fr nrtr th rtrn f rlt nd th dtrbtn nd prtn f t tp rtt r tll pltd thn dffrnttd rph f tt nd ntrl

r rtt th ndtr t p r l ae n tht th pprtnt td th nn nd trn

Arnt bt ltrl prl nv hn n rlz tht th hl f t rtt nd th hnr bhnd th t xprt fr Cnd

22 ldn t dffrnt rn vr th ntn f lddr pr tphr n th bnd vn pl pprtnt n fnd thlv n hhr rn hl fr th dfflt f ndn fr n rn t th nxt r lt nrntbl In n tr th bnft fr th rtt r rtr frthr p th lddr Yt hll n Cnd th n r f th prft d fr fl bnd brd

At th btt f th lddr th br rt prbl th hh nld tht nr fnd t hpr t pl nnd (rrdd n l pplr nht f th (E O escomm nd dn frntl xpt bnd t d vr vrn 3 Addd t th th xpn f trn r th ntr; th ll ttrd ppltn n tht frntl t r vbl fr bnd t rn

n thr h rn ( rbrn es comm Artt td Ontr f th prtl prbl f lvn n tht prvn n tr hn th t f lvn prtlrl tn n htl r xpnv thn n thr r f th ntr (E O pr. ., hl rnt bnd n td thr h rn hv t bn vn nfvrbl pr vr d t th prptn tht thr

3 h prbl t b rth Arn phnnn n n rtn thr l f n xpttn fr vr nd pb r bnd r r fr t rt fr thlv l lb nvr hd th prbl b dn xptn t hr thn rnl

2 prvn drn ndtr rr (Geogia Saig v/19 199 p33 Evn f bnd t pt nt lb hh pprt thr tl th prbl tht trn h t b thn frr hh ue prt th r n bld p ll fn b pll f fn r vn thr t aeay n th n e eay fr xpl pnt thr r trn th br f Cnd t n vl bfr h tr nd t Aisa n th US (Meoy Make 19/11/ p1 Otd thr h rn bnd n hv prbl ttn rnzd A vd rd n Mh M n v pn bnd th ntnl xpr th nd t br n ntnl tr bt fr tht th bnd t hv lrd d lt d tp

A r tl t rrt fn t rl vnt rrd fl th ll b t ttrtn frthr ntrt dpnd n ht rt f lv rpttn n t lrd h nd h ft thr rl ll h hl au ames nd Siqa r bth fl th thr vnt lb n th ln rn t Somi om nd oug ae h nd t ph thlv p th lddr th ftr l f thr n rl (MSceas v9/11 1977 p59 A vnl rrd th hd th ptntl f ttn rpl t lt n ll nd ll rd nd n ll tp t fn bt trl dtrbtd n tht rrdn

A n nrld rrdn d b bnd dntrtn ht th d

24 frt nt ld b rd prrr t th t f nftrn C prhbtv On rnd th dl f h bnd n ptll dtrbt thr h bn t prtpt n rn prlfrtn f nd pltn C f hh r n prdd b ACO (ACO Annl prt 199 p9 Sn bnd p t nld th d trl th r lrtv fr thr plr Mrvr f rd h hn xd rptn t th pltn dpndn n h ttn frt th jr hv d th r fl fr A& tn n th r ffnt n lt nd n bnd n b prd t n ttn A t nn f th C h ld drtl t n nn bt ht b xptd th hv ld t lt t rt b A& t fr bnd t ppl r trl (e eco v1/ 199 p

h nxt rn f th lddr t n t ht ld b lld ue nd hh n ndpndnt rrd lbl nt rnttd t n n bnd nd rnzn t n dtrbtn r nd hv rvvd n Qb nd Ontr nd th bt n nvr bt th ntr vt z nd dfflt trrn prhbt hp ntnl dtrbtn Sh lbl hv n nfntl prvn ht th ptn f jnn rtl brd t rl trl td Cnd dfflt n th lbl f ltd bnft t bnd n nrd ntrntnl xpr Indpndnt lbl hh r

2 dtrbtd b th jr r f r nfn n Cnd bt t prtnt t tln thr nl htrl prdnt bfr n ht th ffr t Cndn t

In Ar drn th 19 th jr bn t p p ndpndnt lbl fr dtrbtn5 h nd hd tll prvd r rv th thr prdt rtn thn jr ttrtn n rrd br fd p th ntr rd prrn d t th bbb nrtn r th jr th r f r-rln ndpndnt lb r l n th t f rrdn hd lrd bn vrd b th nd nd th f prtlr ll lbl ld b d n ndtn f h vbl th r fr prtnrn n rdtrbtn dl (oe v3/1 199 p3

In Cnd thr h bn h lnr rnnn rltnhp btn th jr nd nd fndd pn prtlr dtrbtn t In th lltd v f th jr d t t ppltn z th ntr dd nt nttt prt ntr f dnd r thrfr rrnt prt dtrbtn t vr th fdrl vrnnt pt trff n prtd rl rrdn

5 dtrbtn dl pprd b EMs 193 lb Mumu prvd tht nd lb r d nvtnt tht ld ll ll

26 vn bfr r nd rll b pplr It nt tht n frn lbl hd t p dt n h rrd r tp n n t b ld n Cnd On Cndn rrd l r lr nh fr th trff t rl rd prft vlbl t th jr th rtd brnh plnt rnl ff nd r llzd dtrbtn t t ll thr r fr thn th ntr h t n pl b th lt 19

Epll ftr Cnn rtd symioic rltnhp rd btn th nd nd jr In rnt rn nltn tblhd ue o n th lt 19 lnd t Eic-CS nd n 1973 Goo igoos ld nr Al Mr bn Aic ecos (Ca Comose n35 19 p A prlfrtn f thr ntnl nd lnd t th jr nldd uke See Ae Aquaius aoi nd r rntl n nvr ewek (Ca Musicia v/ 195 p9

Gvn th rltnhp btn th nd nd jr n Cnd t h bn rd tht th ntr dd nt xprn th •rpd nrprtn f ltrntv nd

rff n phnrph n nt Cnd bn n 195 (M MClnt es comm We n r tht th jr t p thr dtrbtn t rnd th d 19 au Akas nn drt t Uie Aiss n th USA n 195 t th jr t nt n pl tht rl bt Ae Muays nn t Cptl-Cnd n 19 hd t xtd b thn

2 tn pl th f th brdr n rnt r ltnhp hd aeay bn tr p hrb ntnl nd lbl xpltd th jr dtrbtn t (oe v3/1 199 p3

h dvnt f th rn f th lddr tht n Cndn ntnl nd hv dvr rtr f tlnt thr rltv l f pttn hn t t ttn nd prd t th USA7 Mn Cndn ntnl nd lbl d nt hv thr plt r ltrntv nn pl th r r l b-lbl Al f tr n th lbl hv ht r th ntr dl n b ptntll nnrd th thr nd rtl r jr brd At n th nd fnd frn dtrbtn easie a ei coueas o e maos b th r ftn r fr t h dtrbtn

7 A hl th US h h lrr rt hh n pprt l pplr tp f d t dn z ln vr th n Arn ntnl nd nd th dprtnt f th jr r plzd n prtlr tp f h rt hrpr pttn thn nr lthh th bnft r rt t th h n n t tht lvl (Ca Comose n 35 11 19 p A b-lbl n n-h dvn f jr lbl hh n nd dvlp bnd; b-lbl ca rt prtlr nd dntt b nn prtlr tp f rtt bt ll th n ll dvr t brht tthr n thr h rnd fr prn Cnd ntnl nd t th r d t thr dr f dntrtn ll ntrl nd tn n nn fr th jr lbl h t ntbl xptn t th r ewek n nvr nd ue o n rnt h bth t t t n ltrntv t A f ntnl nd h Soy ai ecos fr Edntn plz n prtlr tp f

28 Mjr lbl frntl dn thr l fl t • t thr n-h frn dtrbtn t nd th t n fnd ntrtl dfflt f th ndpndnt frn dtrbtn

vr hl t b ntrtll r fr Cndn bnd n nd t dl dtrbtn thr n frn trrtr th rn dfflt ft n th f dffrnt prbl rn nd rln pt bnd bd b pr prtn n hn nd ttn tr r nl fftv f rl pplr nd th nfdn fr rl fr hn pprt b frn tr At hv d vrt f trt t tlt th ntrt f frn lbl th n t nd fr rl brd9

S bnd tr t bld p frn fn b ll b trn trt r bt t t lrd hv frn rl Yt vn n rl d th frn dtrbtr tll lv prtn pltl n th hnd f th bnd nd thr nr (Cn Cpr v3/3

9 On ptn t fll t vd d pll fr th hd f frn rrd pn nrrtd n h r hr n ln Al nr nd pblhn h rvl t frn dtrbtn dl fr thr bnd pll t ntrntnl nfrn vr n n frn dtrbtr d nt tht fl rrd n Cnd ll b n n thr trrtr nthr trt t t ll tr hn th bnd t dntrt ll pprt fr th n pl hr th hv nt t bn rld

2 199 p1 Mrvr l f frn bnd ntrtd n trn th USA f n nvrnnt f thtnn rtn rl (Ca Musicia v13/5 1991 p1

Anthr prbl f ntnll dtrbtd nd lbl tht th n nl ffr thr bnd rltvl ltd rrdn bdt S dpt thr flxblt h lbl d nt v thr rtt th ll rnd bn jr n ffr hh t r t rrd d th hh l h l prft r prtnt b th nt nl bld nfdn n bnd bt b th hh fltt frthr rth bnd th ntnl ntrt hv xpn (fr b t vd nd tr ddtd n dvn fr l prft v rpbl nt

h nxt rn n th lddr t t nd t brnh f n f th jr thn Cnd r bnd lrd nd t nd th pblt f nn th jr r ltd vr f th ntnl nd (nd b- lbl r rn b tp nr nd f bnd n thr nr n nd lbl t b pbl fr h r hr t hlp th n drt t jr Unnd bnd l hv n pprtnt b h jr lbl prtn thn Cnd rrntl h rnl ff th A& tff h ll rtnz nltd d r vd In ft th r nndtd th d nd r ntr fr nt

0 nn t hh hv n n t b pd p nd ld lln f rrd1 h ntnl dl f th jr r nt fll ntrtd n thr pl dn rrdn th rl nd prtn f prtlr bnd Unfrtntl th dl n Cnd rn th h ll rt rr l ht thn thr ntrprt lhr Cndn brnh f th jr r thrfr nt n n dvnt ptn n th d nt hv fll dn n tt thn thr n pn h tll fr tllt dntrtv trnn rnd fr xtv tff n thr p rprt hrrh ( Obrn es comm Epll vn th nrvt f rd nd th t f vd th n rrl ffrd t n n t11 h th nd hh n ll lbll (A Wll es comm n blt t r frt nd r rl r prrtzd

rthrr th Cndn brnh f h jr t nvn t prnt pn t rl rrdn n thr

1 lnd bl trt e eay tld h dd nt hv n b n f th jr Cndn ff (Mld Mr 19/11/ p1 oeoy hd rjtn fr th

jr bfr Coumia - CS rld thr frt hh ld vr 1 p ntnll (Ca usiess v57/9 19 p1 aywie rvd rjtn lttr fr n nrnd th thr l rt ptntl t ae thr frt lb (rld b Aic hd n ld t h (Music Scee n35 197 p us r rfd b ll th jr n Cnd t th hv n n t ll th t lb f n Cndn bnd (Maceas 91/ 197 p3 11 In ft n jr Waes rrntl prn t Cndn rtr (e oice //9 C5

ntr Whl th t hppn t rrr tht Cndn rrdn r d prtnl prrt lhr n th rld S bnd th rnbl rrdn bdt nd prtn t h n b frtrtd brd Unl t n th ntnl nd th rtt nd t brnh f th jr d nt rll hv th ptn f trn p ddtnl dl brd

h jr lbl prrtz nd hhl prt n frn rl f t n thr rtr th blv ll ll ll brrd vr dffrnt trrtr r nn t prfr prtlr tp f 1 If jr rrd pn h ltd nfdn n n t nd t thr Cndn brnh th t t th f tht rtt n Cnd h nt fr th t l f rnd r btn h nd frn rl fr n Cndn bnd On xplr th rp vrb, h r rld n th USA b thr prnt jr Clb CS nl hn thr frt lb ht n Cnd (Cn. n, v57/9 19 p71 It prtnt t rlz th rt h nt bn flld vr ftn n rnt r n thr bnd hv nd th nh nfdn fr dt frn rl r th r nt pplr nh fr

1 r ntn pn nn t prfr t n tr fl dn rtt nd hrd rr M th fl r ntr flvr d nt d ll thr fr xpl MG rld th Crh t i ll f t trrtr xpt fr pn nd Etrn Erp (Ca Cpr v., 199 p17

2 frn dtrbtn rhp th tt pl r frntl d n x fr o rln trl brd b th tff ntrlln rl td Cnd bt wii nthr brnh f th jr lbl d nt l Cndn rtt prv t tt thr ptntl n lrr rt ( Mn es comm h tff nd frthr prn fr bnd nr pblhn h r ll t th Cndn dvn f thr lbl hrfr Cndn bnd f th bt dfflt hn h tff ntn t nr th

Evn f thr nrhp nd fnnl ntrl bd lhr th jr lbl ll hv ntr f dn n ltd n th USA pll n Anl nd/r Yr Sh ntr dd nt n th bnd tht Cndn

brnh plnt nt th t rl h hv thr n prrt US t th rrt pprt fr ll ppltd h rn 13 In thr bd t t US dl Cndn t hv fnd thlv nd t lbl th t lttl prtnl n r lbl bn bnd r l bln thn nvtn b lthh vr lr prft

13 rbl US rtt n ntr Cnd tht n pprt thr b th hv lrd ld ll n thr n US h rn t hv vntr ptl fr rl h prbl fr Cndn bnd hn t xpnd t f th ntr tht Cndn rnl dn r nt lr nh t h pprt nfnt nd thr hlp d nt nt n th US hrt

r t d thr vr lttl rtnt rrdn th rtrn pn thr nvtnt Evn n th USA ndr 15 f bnd br vn n thr frt lb (lln Stn 1/9/9 p33 th jr rl n prft fr tp t t tn thr lr lln rtt h jr ll nt rd prtnl dllr lltd t thr tp t n rdr t prt nnn n rthrr th t f n rrd th vd hv ltd t rd th ttl n vlbl fr rnn nn h nt rlt tht fr t r nd bt h n bttr prtd

rhp r ftn th prbl fr Cndn bnd tht th r nt prrt thn thr jr lbl Cnd h l f t pplr r th ntr pll fr th rl t d-19 h thr dd nt t rld r prrtzd brd b thr prnt jr S f th bnd hd nltd f prdr r xpl th ayoaS h nd t AAM, hd rd n n lb th v tr bt t rltd t ntnl rl (Music Sn n3 195 p Slrl h Spn, l n A&M, rd n n lb prdd b l r hh nl t Cndn rl (Cn Mn v/3 199 p 1

1 At prnt A&M nl n Cndn t tht th n rt ntrntnll nd th tr t rnt prrt rl th thr prnt (A Wll pr. .. Al thr pblhn pn Al-Irvn h rvl ht t t fr n rttn b Aams nd prdr hn xtr ndtn thr r tht Cndn t ll n lnr b rltd ntnl rl nl (Music Sn n355 197 p1

4 Al M+M h nd t CA d n lb th tp prdr nl n nd thr lbl nvr rld tht rrd brd (Cn Mn 9/3 1971p1

rthrr f bnd r rld nd ntl US l r l th n b dnrdd t Cndn-nl tt15 Evn hn lbl ppr t hv nnvtv pl thn nt b pl r xpl Soy Music hv pf pn pl t ph bnd fr td th USA nd Atrl bt t n prtn th t ey ik ll d ll n th ll hrt ltn hr n rnt th ll prrtz Cndn t brd (Music Week 7/11/9 p

h xptrtn f rtt b r pnt fr ntnlt n th lt 19 t t nt n fr Cndn tlnt t p fr th pth f lbl nd rd ttn vn th ntr ld l n lhtr tx ntrnt bttr pprtnt nd prxt t th dn n ntr f th jr h ddvnt t nrrd nldd bn fr rt frnd nd fl

15 r ntn aium oe r tppd Cnd nxt b xprt n 195 ftr thr frt lb ld vr ll t h bt thr rr fltrd th pr US l (Ca Musicia v/3 199 p Cnvrl esie ll rvd tr f th USA th o ya Sue Meey dnrdd fr hr nxt lb b hr lbl Mecuy ftr n ntrnl h-p n th prnt jr ( tn es comm

135 nd ptntll fln f lt n btrn Cndn fn nd tt fr Cnd ntnlt pr Whl xptrtn h b rrr fr rtt t h nt tppd1

On rn fr rltn n th US t rh th tp rn f th lddr b ttn nd drtl b US prnt jr h bnft fr t nd n th nld hh rrdn bdt (ftn vd p ftr prv fl lb rntd rl n dffrnt trrtr nd prrt prtn rthrr US ht n brn t rtr $15 n rpl rlt hl t n th tp frt (Maceas v1/9 197 p3 nd prv n rtt fr rpl n thr trrtr nldn Cnd17

1 pt hvn nbr n dn ht n Cnd th nl f Maa a e Muis 11+M ddd t t Enlnd t rn thr rr ftr thr Cndn CA ntrt xprd (Ca Musicia v9/3 197 p1 Al f Cnd tp rtr hv thr b xptrt (nldn v tr nd Edd Shrtz n Anl r hv n nt jnl n Althh d n n b ld brd rt f nntn pr rlt nd prbl fd b rtr-prfrr n Cnd b n th trnd 17 St bnd n prl rdntd jr f ddtnl prbl hn rld b h r xpl ue bnd nd t Waes n Anl ftr hn t th Music 91 h n nvr hv hd prbl ttn tr nd prtn n Cnd d t thr l f rntn b Wae Music - Caaa ( tn es comm

6 Whl prvl Cndn t nn drt t th US hd ff f th jr ll hd t thr h n Ar th prtnt thn bt drt ntrt n tht n prtptn bnd n rn n Cnd A nn th prdnt f rtt nd drtl h b r dfflt t drb n plt ntnlt tr b th nl thn hh nd t b xptrtd rlt f th ntrt nvlvd r prft tht th prnt jr n thr nvtnt Intrtn nd tlntd t h th aeake aies nd k am hv d dl n th ; bt th tn is ow nd b h th ppl ll t ptnd v 1 v th ntn

Snn drtl t prnt pn n n t th t nvlvd nd fl t r hrd t rlnh ntnl fr n thr ptn is a mak o ei acieemes as Caaias- h th prn f drtl nd Cndn t n frn rt rv t bltr prd fr th b h19 h ftr f h

1 Cntn ntr rrn tt thn "hn Cndn n hv t b nd n th US frt bfr th t rntn hr thr thn fndntll rn" (oe v/7 1991 p1 Yt aeake aies nr l t h ttd "I dnt thn tht bnd nrl n rrd dl n n prtlr ntr b t tht ntr I thn th rht dl fr bt vr t t hppn n th bn tht bnd n rrd dl n Ar thr r n vl plnt" (e eco v11/35 199 p9 19 rtl nd rtt r l dtrbtd n thr n ntr th ll th ntnl prtnl fr f th prnt jr frntl thrh th vhl f Arn

t nl n tn f th fr prl n frn rt n hh h bnd n b n tt rvln th pl f thr lbl

th nrnd th th ndtr drt nn n nthr b nrd nr pl lbrtd n prft d fr thr tlnt brd A th xptrt nd h Ae Muay (h r brd bt lv n Cnd nd nd t Caio-Caaa th ndtr nd Stt r lft t rt vr th dl ht rd tr t pt th n h h ACO pprt t v th hthr th lf Cnn

h brn t Gr ntn tht th rlt f ntrl fr n thn hh d th n ppl ntrtd n th tnl plr (r nd ll- Sth 195 p3 In Cnd fr th ntnlt pr th bttl fht vr h tp t ptn thr Cndn dntt; tht Cndn ht thn th ndr prtnt Stn f th pr caimig t p fr th ntn n dflt ndtrl prbl tn fr Cnd rnl ptn nt prnl rl bbl

d A nn Cndn fn thlv ftn lbrt drt nn r thn n thr rtt At th nt rnt aeake aies r rl nd nprdntd n th rpt b th hv bn nd drtl t jr n th USA bt hv nd t pplrt thn Cnd hl l bn d t th US ll rt

8 bt th rtt nrnd as oe moes Artt nd fr thr ntrntnl ptntl r -ptd ntnl bl b f thr nd thn lld t dfnd ht th d as Caaias h fl frd t dfn thr ln th Cnd r bvl nd prnll thn thr t r xpl au Aka nt t zn dtr phtp f h pprt t h th h tll Cndn (Maceas v/ 1975 p5 Sh dbt dvrt ttntn away fr rt f th ndtr r th tn f ltrntv t th n hh lbl r trtrd h rlt bttl t dfn h h th rht t ht bn Cndn bt rthr thn h prtlr rtn hld h ttr 1

Cnd n h dvrt f rtt trn btn th dffrnt rn f th rrdn ndtr lddr fr th tll dn ll tr nd n rrd ntrt t th ndn r ntrt th th hd ff f lt-ntnl jr lbl Attntn n n b trnd t th prtn f th Cndn Stt nd thr rnztn hh r rn t prv th ndtn fr Cndn rtt h CC d nt fr th nl ln btn th drl Stt nd th ndtr h prtnt f

1 r xpl jrnlt rrn h d f ya Aams " fr nvr bt h nvr bn tfd th bn Cndn" (Maceas v1/7 197 p35 h pl rrn h pf v f ht bn Cndn n th hh h n ll Aams t nt

Cntn (C th t prtnt thr vrnnt bd hh dl th Cndn n Strtrll th C nnt th th ndtr thrh t prjt nd th ttln f prht 3 h ndtn t At Cndn lnt On rd (ACO h bn fr th C jn n th Cndn rd brdtr n hnnlln fnd fr th rd brdtn t th nd rrdn ndtr ACO h td Cndn ndpndnt lbl b lln rtt t lb rtn rn f th ndtr lddr Al bn rn thn th Cndn bn th rnztn h dntrtd th ldrt f n ndtr d p f dvr trtr hn fd th n nrn In ft t ld b rd tht h dr f hrn tll n f th trnth f ntr n th rn f th rld ndtr

A thrd r f ln th ecogiio f rtt fr xpl th Ordr f Cnd h bn vn t Goo igoo nd ya Aams hl th n Ard nd th Ae Muay Cntr n Sprnhll hv rvd fdrl Stt fndn (Maceas v91/9 197 p3; v1/5 199 p3 3 It prtnt t rlz tht lthh th C h hlpd Cndn n th pl h nrd fndn fr ACO n th r f prht t h bn l t pdt rh l h Cndn r r tll dnd rnrtn n hh hv b lltd rht n n thr dvlpd ntr (fr xpl Ca Comose n31 19 p; oe v/7 1991

40 Whl rl tt n r t fr f Arn ltrl prl (Mrtn nd Srv 19 p7 nl r rntl hv dffrnt ntn bn t pprt ei ow ndtr In th 197 nd 19 th KG fndd bnd n th USS tht t fnd pltll fvrbl (Goe a Mai 15/3/93 pA13 A l xtr bt tll rnl rt Atrl h vr rdntd ndtr h pprt An trn prvnl h nd Exprt M Atrl (EMA hh rd r rntl thn ACO bt n lt dntl ndvr (E nr es comm Sh l th ttrt ttntn nt nl fr thr ltrl ndtr bt fr prr ntr h nnt ffrd t xprnt th th n t d fr thr rt prr (Ca Comose n 195 p1 Wht nrn hr hthr ACO h prvdd fl prttp fr nhnn th f ntn n th rn r fr xpl h bn r tvtd b th ltrr f brdtr h tblhd th prjt

fr Cnn rd brdtr r nrll t nrvtv t pl Cndn n nl prvn ht n th USA th plnt f ttn drtr bn th pr lt f Cndn nd f th prrr hd bn t nttv t prv th lt f Cndn trl n rdr t t thr tndrd n ll bfr Cnn ntrdd r xpl Stndrd rdtn bn jr rfrn

11 t fr t ttn lld th Cndn lnt brr (C n 19 h nttv nrd n Cnn th l n prrr r frd t pl r Cndn thn vr bfr h tblhd nd rrdn ndtr frd tht h h ld dft th ndtrl prp f Cnn f brdtr flld p th t b drn pn trl rrdd t th ttn thlv thr ld b n nfnt bt t th ndpndnt Cndn rrd bn (Yr 1971 p1

Cnn ntnd n lt tpltn nd th ptn tht nrd rpl ld rlt n nh nrd l t bt th ndn rrdn ndtr Wht th CC dd nt t nt nt tht rp th ht rrd ll n Cnd hv prbl n fnnll brn vn nl th hd xtrnl fndn r nr prnt lbl th ld nl ffrd t p l rrdn t5 rthrr ndtd b th

Erl nttv nldd lv nrt lt th Mpl f St ( phn ntr btn ttn t pplrz Cndn rtt hh t rt ld tr d t th CC n rdr t vrt Cnn nd vr rrd lbl h th r Cndllht nd Wn r nd th CA hrt-lvd Atr lbl (h rd v1/ 199 pp 5 On brdtn rprtn r rd tht t dllr nd nt rntd rt hh Cndn ltr ndd (Mln v 1979 p3 rthr th CA td tht th vrnnt tx nn ltrl prdt nd tht n t d th ndtr (tr 19 p37 It ld hv rdd th brdn n brdtr bt l nrd th jr lbl h lrd v th Cndn rrdn bn f thr lrtv t

42 rdtn At f 19 th lt f th Cn rl t vr th rv n Cnd pbl prprt; th ld nt rlt th nd rrdn ndtr

Wht th ld d t pt frthr prr n brdtr trnn thr plnt bt lt nt pnn t ln rnl t b n ttn n -b- b ht th r dn fr th dvlpnt f Cndn tlnt At frt d t th v rbr f th tn nr r nr h n ld b pnt n lv h lr ntt r thn rn nthn l ttn thht rlvnt r ttn ntrll nrnd th dn rtn nd frhl brdnd b Cnn th f tlnt dvlpnt nt prrt Anthr pbl prbl tht bnd ld bnft fr ttn n nd thn n drt t US rrd pn (e eco v11/35 199 p9

h bt prbl th Cndn tlnt dvlpnt tht h ttn rltvl prl t d h fr Cndn bnd xpt t th ll l In 191 hrd hn prt t th Cndn Atn f rdtr (CA td n ndtr tfr b t p t xn

Sn ttn bn tn dllr fr t dntrt thr tnt bt th n frntl ndrd jt t t th trt

4 th f pln fnd (e eco v1/ 199 p h t brdtr CUM nd Mfft pprhd th CC nd C h CC n fvr f nd rrdn nttv bt ld nt prvd n fndn ( t bnd t ndt h C hd prvl nrd pl fr th Cndn Indpndnt rd rdr Atn (CIA fr r (oe v/3 197 p37 A th C pn hn Wtt tld th ndtr t hlp tlf bfr t ld hp t t n hlp fr th vrnnt n rprnttv fr th ndtr t th f th brdtn rprtn n 19 t fr ACO h frt pnr r CUM Mfft nd r Sn r brdtr jnd nd th ntl $ ACO hd t llt bn t r vr r In 195 ACO pprhd Stndrd rdtn h rd t nrprt t Cndn lnt brr nt th prjt (e eco v1/ 199 p

ACO hd bn th th ntnt f rn C fnd bt th ntnl n lt nt th n lt 19 vr rnd f fdrl vrnnt t rvd vr $ lln fr th bdt f th CC nd $35 lln fr th Cnd Cnl (Ca Comose n 195 p rthrr th rnzr f ACO n n h ld

7 CIA dd nt hv th pr t dnd r rt fr ttn n n hnd nd r dllr fr th n th thr; th nttv hd t fr th brdtr thlv (e eco v1/ 199 p

44 hv t b ntnd prtn t t n n fr th C S n 195 thr rprnttv pprhd Qb ndtr rnztn Atn d t Sptl (AISQ h ddd t t p prlll bd lld MUSICACIO h Qb prtn rd t t 3 f n frthn C fnd dtrbtd thrh hldn pn t p fr th prp (e eco v1/ 199 p

In rl 19 th C nnnd n p fr th nd rrdn ndtr n Cnd lld th Snd rdn vlpnt rr (S n fndn tnt f $5 lln nnll fr fv r A ll th tn f th v n n nvrnnt f ntn t n rt fndn th thr rprn thn bt t tht ACO-C/MUSICACIO t rv th bl f th n nvlvd th rt n t th Cnd Cnl t pprt nrt It n nprdntd vntr nt nl b th fdrl Stt jnn th brdtr n fndn Cndn pplr ltr bt l b th C ll ptl f prjt hh r nt vrnnt ntrlld (e eco v1/ 199 p

e eo o e ask oce o oacasig oicy (19 p1 hd td t th CC tht brdtr tppd n th r fnd fr rl pbl fnd hld b dvrtd trd nrt nr vr th ACO th vrnnt tll prvd h pnr ntrbtn nd ln rpnt pt tthr (ACO Annl prt 199 p

4 It ll tht th C nvtd n ACO prfrrd t hlp th Cndn ndpndnt nd rrdn ndtr fr vrl rn rtl th t prjt tlrd t th dnd f lbl nd n tht hvn t p th t r t n th t f ttn t p Sndl dpt th C vn vr jnt vntr xn pbl fndn nd prvt dntrtn vrnnt ntrbtn t ACO r n pn th th dl f th Stt n th Mlrn r n th r t h tht prvt nttv drvd fll pprt nll b prvdn dllr th C ld hv ntrl vr ACO/MUSICACIO nd t bnfr nd hr n th f th prjt On ndtn f th ntrl tht n hn t th prr n hd t b rd pn b vrbd rht p t th pr ntr th h b l flxbl (Ca Comose n31 19 p

Yt ntrbtn t ACO l fr th vrnnt t h n t rd bt thr prdnt th h rvd thr fld nr n fnd rthrr th C r pll n t hlp frnphn t nd ntd tht f th ntr n lltd ld t MUSICACIO Sn t rd h rnztn ld rv fnnn fr brdtr n thr ln th dtrbtn f C fnd hlpd vn

46 p th prprtn f fndn vlbl fr Enlh pn nd frnphn t (e eco v1/ 199 p Al prtt hd prvl rfd fnnl hlp fr th Cnd Cnl (Maceas v/ 199 p5 th n h bth pt Qb nt prt lf- dntrd tr nd td t nt th ntnlt prjt f th fdrl Stt In tr f th rltnhp btn th Stt nd ndtr th n rtn frd pttrn hn n r

igue e eaiosi ewee e Sae oacasig a sou ecoig iusies i Caaa CC C ■f 1 Cnn ACO $^ d rl rtd Cnn trl Cndn lbl

1 Cndn Sl Exprt Sl

h f ACO h l bn t "frthr th dvlpnt f th Cndn ndpndnt rrdn tr" (ACO Annl prt 199 p1 tntll t ld l rt Cnn trl Althh th CC ld nt tr th nd rrdn ndtr thlv n ACO xtd th ld ntrbtn ndtn f ln fr

4 brdtr rthr thn rl vlntr h 9 An ddd bnft tht th Cn ld ntn ll Cndn tlnt dvlpnt rrnt ll rh t l ACO ddtd t tn th dnd f bnd nd lbl n p th ndtr h t b trt t fnd th rrdn f lt d tp b p-n bnd th ld hp th rnd t lbl n bd t t nd

At hhr lvl ACO tppd nt th fnnl nvr f th lbl thlv In th rl 19 rn lr rrd l frd t rrd pn t fnd n t fftv rl trt On t p th r f hvn ht lb n t th rtt b hrn ll rrdn t t n nt rpbl nt thr rrd l h nt tht t th bnnn f thr rrdn rr bnd ld b f tht bn rh It jr nntv fr th t rd xprnttn nd tlr thr n t th dtt f rl rd ACO h xtndd th prdr b vn ndpndnt Cndn rrd pn rpbl

9 In th prf (p17 t d ltn 86 th CC tld ttn t hd ddd nt t nt dvrtnt thn pl frrnd prr prt f h ttn dvrtn t lln brdtr t r n b tn n r pnr Snfntl th Cn d t xptd n ddtnl n rvn hld b d n t h h ACO ll nttv r ntrd prr Intrtn ntnd; "h Cn ntnd t rv ln tnt n th rrd t th t f thr ln rnl"

48 ln tht th ld lb nd vd nd rntn rd t Cndn bnd n n frn tr3

Appltn fr ACO pprt r nt t th rnztn hd ff n rnt nd dvdd nt thr nr Eh f th thn dvdd btn pnl f "xprt" n th rlvnt fld nd d nt th rt pl tht bnd ltd ll nt b t f n (E O es comm Sn Aprl 199 ACO h frd t t nt t rnl pnl31 h rnlztn rltvl prfl ACO tll rn fr th brdr n rnt hl bt hlf f th ppltn fr Ontr3 Wht th v h lld n nr n th nbr f pnl n rn f ACO fr pplnt n hntrlnd prvn nd hhn

3 ACO ln r rpd th nl ntrt f rnd 5 thrh h t rrd l (lfx Chrnl rld /3/ p-E Artt t t p n rlt nd n ddtnl l prft 31 nl fflt xt t rprnt Ontr rth Clb v St Mntb Sthn nd Albrt (ACO Annl prt 199 p5 3 19 v St rn fndlnd nd rn Edrd Ilnd tthr ntnd 9 f th ntr ppltn nd ntrbtd f ACO ppltn A rlt f ACO dvrtn n trd zn n th prvn thr lltv ttl phd p t th nxt r (lfx Chrnl rld /3/ p-E It ld b nfr fr ACO t dtt hr thr pplnt fr t t th rnztn b n t lz th rnl rprnttn f rd hn ppltn dffrn n tht ld lttl n

4 f rt ttn th nt ntr f th prjt

In n ACO h bn rndn h C ld th prjt h tht n 1991 t rnd fnnl tnt ndfntl rthrr th h h b dl fr thr blhn vlpnt rr nnnd rl In 199 (e eco v1/ 199 p On t tnth nnvrr th rnztn ld bt tht fr th $17 lln t hd plhd nt Cndn ndpndnt bnd rvn th n hd rd tn t tht fr If ttl ACO npt dvdd btn th 1 t th h h pprtd vr t ieime (e eco v1/ 199 p rrv t tn vr f $1 pr bnd Sn vn th lt rd n $15 nd bnd n b rntd p t $5 (ACO Annl prt 199 pp 1 tht vr h h th fndn h nblld nd h ttl fr n hd lt f vrtn

h bnd nvlvd l th n nd hv t prdd ntrtn nd ntrvrl r rlt At nldn uce Cocku nd ue oeo n ACO ln hv rrdd n pltl rtzn th fdrl vrnnt vr ntv r ll nn

0 rtt ttn thr ht brd h k aq ACO h d xtnv frn tr pbl 33

vr ACO h nbr f ddvnt nd prbl fr th prt nvlvd 3 Sn th rnztn dvt bl f t n t nd rrdn th ll b th r xnd frt 35 A t drvn b th dnd f n th nrd fndn ACO h n n nr n th nbr nd vrt f rd vn n t t b tr hh drt t rtt n d tp Yt prdxll bl 5 h th r tll th hrdt rd t t

33 ue oeos n oos ike You (Makeig v95/7 199 p1 ACO lbrl nh n t dfntn f Cndn ndpndnt t nld rtt nd drt t th USA n thr n b-lbl (h k ag nd t Sie-Waes ia umsea oucios nd us n Mecuy h thr nr b-lbl Aem ecos 3 rbl hh r prtnt bt nt xplrd hr nld tht rnbl hh lt d ndd jt t pprh ACO Al fnd rn t nnll n rtn tr l tr pprt (E O es comm Gvn t pr th brd f drtr l rtt r rdnr nr (3 f t 7 br hv t b brdtr rthrr pnl br hv flt th r th rn ppl fr thr rl ( Mn es comm 35 Of th ACO $33 ttl 1991 bdt $3 t ndtd rd prr $5 t frn tr r h nd $5 t vd h rnn $ pnd n nd rrdn (ACO Annl prt 199

ae 5 e Success o ACO aicas i iee oecs rt^Sfl 199 rt^ Yr^Applnt lnt (E^19^ ACO ( n^19^5 Snrtr (E^19^33 Cpltn C^1991^33 rdr ^1991^ rt n (t lbl^199^95 (Sr ACO Annl prt 199

h Cndn Snrtr Atn^(CSA^h pprxtl 3 br nd t rntl rrd t rv (rb v/ 197 p hh fnd tht 19 f th br d dd nt p fr thr n d Of th h ht fndn ppld t ACO In thr rd rnd 9 f th rvd hd pprhd th bd ht ld n thr r nrl 3 pplnt n ACO rd fr nt th CSA brhp n t br prd d lt fr th pplnt h pnl f thr ppl bld t ntn n brdtr h pnl r rrd t lt r rl nl rtt xprntn wii r r rrl ptd3 Al ACO h thr Cnn rtr thn th CC nd n l nt th nt hld b rtt

3 r xpl n pnl ptd "thrd rt oeige" tl hrd r bnd bt nt bl Et t rtt h n n th rn Clp bt bt rn n fh nnr (Ca Musicia v1/3 19 p7

2 ndtn f ntrt hlp fr th rnztn th trn tthd37

r th ltd th pn f lt d tp n lnr th n f tnt fr bnd r fth n th b prvt fnnl br tht t n ACO hv d tlnt r dbl t Cnd ndpndnt lbl bt tht d nt n tht lbl ll ttll ndrt r nn Althh ACO n h t n C pltn prjt bnd pn ACO fndd d r frbddn t rl tht trl thlv ndtn f thr rd h lnt Ard ppltn (p tht n n rrdd r thrfr "O ntndd fr rl rl r rpl" ACO th r nrvtvl th lbl lrd n xtn hh n t nll t rt r jb n th rrdn ndtr h l f n ndtr ltplr vbl n rnt rrdn ndtr dt fr Ontr h dt t tht hn ACO t t frt C fndn lt n 19 thr r r rltn n th prvn bt nt r pl3

37 r ntn th lnt Ard ppltn (p pf th rtt t b Cndn nd t lt 5 f th n t hv u MA rtn 3 tn 19 nd 197 th nr n ACO fnd ntrbtd t nbr f hn rd n th ndtr In Ontr prt f th rrdn ndtr thr ll r n fr $37 t $355 Yt td plnt fll fr 133 t 15 ppl tnll rd rlt (trd ln rvn fr rrd rld b Cndn lbl nrd fr $ t

Mrvr ACO hlp h ltrd th nfrtrtr f th rrdn ndtr n Cnd nd rbl fftd th fnl prdt rld b th ndpndnt tr Whl th rnztn h fnnll pprtd th ntr td 1 f th n bdz th prjt b ppln hlf pr td t h h rll frthrn prlfrtn f l bdt td n th bnd nd lbl tht t fnd nnt ll ffrd t n r p- rt tblhnt It ld l b rd tht ACO h tll d Cndn ndpndnt n th hl l ntrtn b rdn f th prr n th ndpndnt n t rt vbl tr139

Evn fr th rd prrr h nttd th prjt th rlt hv jdd bn xd In Cntr

$11 bt l rvn fr tht fll fr $9 t $ (Snd rdn, Sttt Cnd 19 pp171; 197 pp3 S f th n trl lln ll n Cnd ndr Cnn t bn pld 39 ACO pnl nl dl th llr rd nd ln drt t rtt fr d S hn ACO dd t ln n t ndpndnt lbl t ll lv th rl trl n th lbl p t th lbl tff In thr rd ACO nrll vt d rthr thn fnl rl It ld b rd tht ACO ln th rlt n th rl f trl n hh ndpndnt lbl ht thr hv lttl fth Cntr h l vl f rrd rl Cndn Cntr rd ttn pl rltvl d vrt f rtt b th nd t S Cntr lbl hv b dpt t xzn rd rpl fr thr rl prftn fr th td rlt nd l tn n fr ACO ( tn pr. ..

4 tl hh ffr fr l f Cndn prdt brdtr d th CC t trd ff rdd Cnn t fr nrd ACO pprt h Cn rfd thr rt rn tht bth thn r nr nd tht ACO ld rdll prvd trl (oe v/ 197 p1 Yt t l tr tht n th h ppl-drvn b n nd lbl t nnt rt prdt n dnd fr rd ttn f prtlr frt h b f th pplrt f hrd r nt Cndn n lthh AO (hrd r ttn r jt 7 f th ttl n Cnd 5 f th trl d b ACO n 1991 n tht tr (ACO Annl prt 199 p5

ACO bd trl nt tlrd t t Cndn rd b t rll d t lrr rt n thr ntr In ft t thrd f th tn-fld rtrn n thr ntl nvtnt h fr td th ntr th OC ACO pfll pprtd n xprt nttv Ard n rtrtd t pprtn bnd h tr brd h C d nt ll t ntrbtn t b pnt b ACO n th tn f Cndn r bnd h h t tr thr n ntr (E O es comm h pt ttl rvrl f th CC

Whl bnd pln nrt r trdtnl n t hlp fr th Cnd nl prvnl tr nttv prvd th n pbl r f vrnnt fndn fr Cndn r bnd hn t tr thr n ntr h nttv ftn t th fr f rnl ftvl bt

f ntrdn Cndn t Cndn dn It r th th ntlt tlnd n hptr t nd lltrt tht th dnd f th rrdn ndtr rthr thn th pbl r prnt

In nr ACO pp th Cnn rltn n t d nt nr Cnn trl pll fr nd Cndn rd frt nd tll xprt rntd Yt n bln th h ntnd prvt fndn fftvl n dttn b rd brdtr tht Cnn hr t t Wth MUSICACIO hlp n Qb prdtn nrd h tht th CC l t r frnphn t b pblt h t nt p b 1 drn 199 n rdn th th Cn fr th prvn (oe v1/1 199 p3 In nrl ACO-C/MUSICACIO Cnn hrdr t rv n th brdtr r jnn n th th CC n nbln th ndtr t ndr rth hh ld nt hv rrd n fr rt h n n lnr r tht hpr tht th ndtr hld tnd n t n t ft tht Cnn hl fndn trl t t th rltn thrh ACO

Al th ndpndnt lbl hh bnft fr ACO ppl 7 f th trl hh lf Cnn (oe tht n bnd rrn hlp th ntnl tr hv t l fr prvt fndn

6 v/ 197 p p 11 f h l nd nt fr f ll th n lbl n rtn n Cnd (ocus n Cltr v3/3 1991 p Cnn n tht rd prrr pl ndpndnt trl; t rvl ld prbbl n tht th lbl ld hv t dvt h r n t rtn 1 vd r n r f rtn n hh ACO hlp lbl Crrntl ACO llt 15 f t fnd t hlp fnn vd (ACO Annl prt 199 p It nt hvr th nl rnztn fnnn r vd n Cnd Whn t bn n 19 Mh M rd th th CC tht ndtn f ln t ld pt f t r rvn trd trtn bd lld dAC hh ld fnd Cndn vd (M Sn n3 195 p1 Sn th b 5 nd M l (Qb r vd hnnl jnd n 19 t ntrbt f thr r ( hrbrn es comm h prjt dntrd b rphll nd ndtrll xd brd f drtr h bjtvl th n nd prpl f pplnt

1 Mt f th rd prnnl ntrvd ld nt dtl hh rtt th pld hd ACO pprt h n b ntrprtd n ndtn f th pr prtn nvlvd hh h b pbl ndr th Cnn rltn

157 ae e ieeces ewee ACO a ieoAC ACO dAC ndn $5 pld fr $1 fr Mh M + (n 1991 brdtr M l Grph Enlh Cnd All f Cnd ( fr vr Qb t n Elblt Cndn ndpndnt ln vd d + ntnl rl n n Cndn nd tn th rrd tr rrdn (ll Cnn rtr dl th nnd t r vnt rl bt nt th jr

As bl h dAC rn th dffrnt phlph thn ACO bt th t plnt h thr n lln Cndn rtt t vr t f thr rr t r th th d f vd In ft dAC lr t ACO n tht t prvd trl lfn Cnn fr b pnrn brdtr thr thrd r th CC ntd Mh M pl 3 Cnn hh ll bl ht ll xptd f tlvn brdtr h r vd ttn ld hv fbl pt ld ht nt hh rttn ntl lfn n flld nh f thr lb Al Mh M n th dnr ptn f hvn ltd ntrl vr t b r trl n vd r ppld vrtll fr fr b th rrd pn (Maceas v1/3 199 p If

h prn ld b r vld f MUSICACIO r nldd; hvr n nfrtn n thr fndn vlbl n Enlh It ll tht th ntr ACO/MUSICACIO bdt fr vd ld b l thn th n prvdd b dAC

8 lbl •r pblhr vr ddd t btt th hnnl dAC ld prvd trl fr t t pl3

th dAC nd ACO rd p t $15 hlf th t f h vd prjt th pprt rvt pndn n Cndn vd dbld n 199 t rh $1 lln ( n Cltr v3/3 1991 p1 hh tthr th rdd n ttl $33 lln t bt 13 vd t $5 h In r dn f th ndtr lddr t ntd tht d vd f d n n pl rl rl t rtn pnt fr bnd lln rd fr ttrtn A& ttntn nd prr fr rpl r ntnl tr Yt th ttl pndn n Cndn vd tn prt f th $ lln pnt rtn t n Cnd (ocus o Cuue v3/3 1991 p It ll tht th bl f ll n pnt n t dvtd t th rd prtn f frn rtt tht lrd hv vd Arpl rh lr dn nd tll th rl d fr rtn l n nl 5 f th ppltn th Mh M fr n vr f jt hr pr (ocus o Cuue v3/3 1991 p

3 On btt h lrd rrd Wrnr-Chppl M blhn tld t rtt nt t ppr n th hnnl n t prvd Mh M r nt frl rnrtn nrtr v th prht t ( rb v/ 1991 p Mh M r prtlrl pprtv t Cndn t b th d nt rtrt rpl f Cndn vd nl t npplr t vr th hnnl ll nt hn pl f thr dl rttn t th t f dvrtn dllr b rn th dn trnvr 5 f

nld r dn n th hptr h hn tht th ndtr n Cnd nt nlth ntt It ntn dffrnt l f rnztn dffrnt tp f trtr nd vrt f nt rthrr th Cndn rtt rrntl lbrtd n thr n ntr p d rn f trtrl ptn thn th ndtr Yt lthh rtn pt f t r rplt th nflt f ntrt th dn f ACO hd tht (prrd n b brdtr nd th Sae Cnd ndtr ld b ntd b n prbl

Whl ACO nthr n ntlt prjt jb rtn h nr hrt t d ft nt Grn h n th rnztn nr th xprt f Cndn nd t hh d ll brd r lbrtd prt f th Cndn tnl plr ACO h hlpd t r th prfl f ltd t n ltd prhp th h ht t rdrt f t n fr b rd nt th rd rtn f n frt th n hrt f Cnn n Cnd nd t ll tr th ttl prrn (r 15 f Cnn flld th frnphn vd brnn r n th ln ( Mlln es comm h vl ntrt t Enlh Cndn trl bt th hv nt prdd ht nd vr t hn hnnl Al th frnphn t th t p r t tht ld b d fr nlphn nd nd/r dAC vd ( Uftn es comm Appndx n dl frthr th th f frnphn trl

60 brrd Yt t ntrl b bth th rrdn ndtr nd vrnnt n th h fr nl rrdn nd eo nttv rdxll th rnztn hlp th vd bt f n drt hlp th lv tr b h; nthr r f fnnl hlp fr n n th r ll b pprnt n th nxt hptr

nll thrh t xplrtn f th nl prdnt f Cnd nd rrdn ndtr th hptr h hn tht bn n th rn f lr rt h bth bnft nd prbl St t t l ht f th bnft f th rnlt h th nfd ntr f th nd rrdn ndtr lbbn rp nd th tn f th Stt drtl ntn fnd fr ndpndnt lbl ftr t pvd th trd dtrbtn t fr th

nthl t l tr tht f th Cndn ndtr nt n rltvl rnl ptn th thn ld nt hv bn nr Gr h h bn d t t tht n f th dnr f th rtn tht dpt vr th hp f th ndtr t trnfrd n t r bt th rlt nd tn f ntrl fr Whl th Cnn dbt n th prv hptr hd tht h pr f trnfrn h bn npltd b n tp rtt t hn th ndtr n th hptr th ppt nd r l

6 th pr tnd th rlt f rtt n rltn t thr tznhp hlt nrn th thn hh flttd thr Sh dbt n dnr f nrn ht bn dn t hlp llr rtt r th ntr b t p ttntn fd pn tp t

62 Chptr v Gn n A Sn "It th It ll A i goes ow ike a sog" • Advrtn fr Moso Caaia br 1971

v h ffr prfrr n dt rtftn hh n rtt l th t rrdn prt f bn n th bn h n l rt ll rrd bn dn (rdn 19 p53 Undr tnt t th C t h lrd bn ntnd tht ACO d nt fnd Cndn bnd trn t h t b rlvnt t hft f t h th nrt prtn ndtr tr pbl n pt f th l f nrnt h hptr xn tht bn nd t ntrtnn th pnr fn n t ntn hh hv brht rprnttn f th ntn nt th frrnd th Grt Cndn rt nd ntnl rd rn

Althh th hv dvtd ndrbl ttntn t rprt dvrtn nd r prt tp d rtr nrnd th pplr ltr hv nrd th f r pnrhp In drn trn t pplr fll pltd thn th frr f ptl t hrd t l d pnrhp seig ou A h pnrhp d nt ft ll nt

1 r Maceas (v3/9 197 p nd r pd b thr lbl rnrtd b SOCA fndd b pnr t p fr pnt fr lb vr rdt r n n th d dn jnl

6 frr d b th hpn t r r fr tpn pltl prjt Yt r pnrhp h prtl pltn fr th dn nd bl rr t b t f trl vr ht rprntd t th dn h n tht t n b tnd

Ennt n pnrhp h bth dvnt nd ddvnt fr ll prt nrnd h rprtn r bl t t th th f th bnd pln nd pth thr prdt t lr lrl dfnd phrph trt rp f n ppl h nt t hv blt p brnd llt3 h oy n n th ntxt f nr f bn ll t n pf prdt r xpl hl t ld rrl b fbl t tr t ll th fl tth th brn ndtr v r fn rl trt rp

Spnrhp rt prtlr rpttn fr fr A prtfl f ntrvntn t fltt ltrl vnt bld p rprtn n th nd f tr hr hldr lbb rp nd th Stt It n t dvrt ttntn fr pbl rltn prbl n thr r nll pnrhp ll pn prvld t prtlr fr f ntrtnnt fr

3 sycogaics t nt th rt bd pn th lftl nd tttd f dffrnt rp thn t

64 t rr Extv t t t tr b-t nd prtr n rrv th bt tt fr b pnr nd th d r pl th n t n nntv t jn r t n prtlr fr nd t b r prdtv n th rpl It n hlp th rprdtn f th lbr fr nd nhn ptrnl plnt rltn thn th fr

On th thr hnd rprtn ntpltn r pnrhp f prbl n prv pnr t fr f thr l ppr tll n th t r n thn h t hrt ld f th bnd b th fl th hld nt hv t p fr tt r rnt lrd pd fr b th pnr (Cn. Mn v9/3 197 p9 If rprtn nvt hvl n n t th ld l t f tht rp plt p rdll hn drtn r r tll d thn hh rn th fr rpttn

r dn th pnrhp ttn h hd xd rlt Crprt pnrhp h hlpd prtr pt n vrl h l tthr5 Al rprtn hv vn

Crtn pt f th tpn plnnn prtn f brt On Cdbr nd th vr rthr n rtn hv fnd drn d h n rprt vntr h th ntt p rnzd fr t Cndn pl rnd iums 195 ntnl tr (Cn. Mn v.62, 195 p1 5 rvl prtr fd ldt r fr rn prdtn trnprt nd nppr dvrtn t

6 fnnl pprt fr lrr r frnt r prhbtvl xpnv tr h nld ntnl tr f Cnd fr rtt th lr prtn On th thr hnd vr lr h hv t bn th trt f th fn plnt b th pblt f n nd rltn t th bnd (hh h h esoa rdd hl tt pr hv rnd tbl r n p rthr pnrhp h ltrd th fndntl ntr f trn fr rtt h hv nt b pplr t tll tr dd b ntr-brr pttn bt n rn llr prtr hv bn zd t Mh f th ddl tr h flln t f th nrt prtn bn nd prhp fr ntrdt lvl h hv bn prntd (Music Scee n35 197 p

Anthr drb f pnrhp fr n fn h rd th rnt tt lltn prt Whl th pr- ptn f tt b prtr h bn n fr ln t au Simos 1991 h n Mntrl th frt n

rn prfrr f nd nn d rd thr xpr t fnnl l prtr tndd t hdl nrt th ffnt t l btn th t p ff ln nd thr t f rn ptl r xpl th dl tht Ae Muay tr th rd lld hr t hr frt ntnl tr f Cnd n 197 nrl t dd ftr h hd b ntnl fr (Ca Musicia v1/ 19 p7 Slrl ya Aams nprdntd Wakig U e aio tr n 199 n b 1 Cndn n 13 t n f hh Ad hd nvr bn t bfr pnrd b bth Mln nd C-Cl (Mln Annl prt 199 p13

66 n th ntr hh prvld dn br h r tr f th pnr In tht rl t r d vlbl t Arn Expr rd hldr h r lld t b tt bfr th r rld t th nrl pbl (Moea Gaee 7/7/9 p1 h ttn nt nl dntrtd ht rt f fn Simo n h n nrl bt h rtn tp f pnrhp n hv ltt rftn rthrr n Ch rt rrh fr h fnd tht 7 f ppl tnd r lln t b prtlr prdt n rtrn fr rbt n tt pr t nrt In th USA ay Maiow h lrd hld h n th thd (ioa //9 p Evn f t h nt t rrvd n Cnd rbt h t nthr prdnt n rtrtn h n t nrt nd n ht b

r th rtt pnrhp th trn tthd hr b rtrtn pld n t; rtnl t pnr xpt bnd br t th prdt th ndr (r t lt nt th f th pttn Whthr bnd hld t th prtlr brr tnd hn n rprt t th brn ndtr td jrt f Arn dlt t nrn bt h ndr drnn7 vr

7 Infrtn bt th Wrthln Grp prt pprd n ioa (7/9/91 p

6 th nl rprt nffnt t dflt th bnd nd pnr nvlvd fr ntnn thr rltnhp

nd ptntll frd th ld b d t hn thr t t pnr bt t rprtn nvlvd hv n r lnth rltn t thr t nd r rll pd b pnr b f thr pplrt th prtlr dn (Cn. Mn v9/3 197 p7 Yt thr rltnhp th pnr ld pt bnd n dnr t t xtr rtl t fll ttd t pnrhp dl ld rn th r f vr-xpr Cnvrl th tht th nd f dn pnr ln fr r nt ltd b rprtn r xpl tnbpr dl r nt n drbl b pn trn t ll r Sn n Cnd th brr r th pr pnr f r t thr pttn vr ltd rd rthr thn nrn fr thr tp f dn In th xtr t th rpttn tht ld d th f pnr hv bn vdd b bth jr brr (rnt Str 9/11/ p1 At frt lthh th rlzd tht rprt fndn ld brn ndrbl bnft prtr nd bnd b p bt th pbl nn f lr l pnrhp h pltd bt ht ld hppn t th nrt

r xpl h Spn dl th hrft n th rl 19 nt tht th r n tlvn nd rd h tht vr bn t pln bt n t h f th (Cn. Mn v9/3 197 p9

68 prtn ndtr th ddvnt f trnfrn t n prtlr nd h h ntrl vr prtnt dn th pnr ld btn9

Althh f bnd tll pp pnrhp nd tht tn tlf rtn dv t bnd t nvlvd nd t dvnt f th bnft ffrd b pnr1 Cnn t br r ll nl pnrhp fftvl fr n h t nvlvd th n pnr f th ptntl rl prbl f tn xtr n tht dn nthn fr t Yt f pnrhp n n t xpnd th l nd nbr f lv h rthr thn drtl p th bnd th nrd xpr th n hlp bt th tll hv t prfr ll nh t prd fn t b thr rrd In Cnd ntr-brr pttn h bd p th n tht bnd n t fr pnr (ooo Sa 9/11/ p1 Wth r nd lrr

9 h fr f h hd ntrl vr l prfrn prvl xprd b n th 197 prt f th dbt rrndn th prvt pnrhp n Cndn ll (Maceas v/ 191 p71

1 h b n n l is oes o You b ei Youg n 19 hh bnnd b M bt nt Mh M fr t prdt plnt (acoue Su 19/7/ p7 Al bnd nv thr nt-pnrhp tttd r xpl owie n p-n Cndn bnd hv pt n h rn t hrt th nt- rprt ln n th (Geogia Saig v/19 199 p33 rthrr n br f oug ae nfll d p fr pprprtn f hrtr hn th d n l h n thr dvrtnt (Caaia Musicia v/ 195 p13

6 tr pbl rtt hv th ptntl f bldn p br fn b

h pnr v t th rtt dpnd n wo tht pnr nd h th trt th t nvlvd h rfl ltn f pnr hlp n p-n bnd nt lt b th b jnn prtlr rtr f thr t hr tn tll th r ptbl t dffrnt dn h trt th brr t p d bnd r llr bnd ln t xz thr fn b tht tn b n dvnt

Sn pnrhp h n dvnt t n b trtd rr t lt fr th bnd tht n btn t Whl pnr bnft r fr t th lr hn dn thr l th pblt tht llr t n t pnrd b n rprtn tht nnt ffrd t bd fr tp tr nthl nnd t th ll flln nll t b vbl prptn Yt pnrhp l ptntll rt r fndn fr l rl n th pnr d nt hv t prft fr th nrt e se bt fr th l f thr prdt td th th h In thr pnr hv th ptntl t prt t th l rrd l bt lr lv flln11

11 h n hh Mln tppd n t hlp th Mrp fl ftvl n 197 t tht th th ; th

0 Althh pnrhp nd nfnt nt n th 19 vr pn hv d r t bltr thr dvrtn pn vr n th b pplr thr thn nttn rltnhp n th 19 rprt dl rl rnd th n br l1 In th USA pnrhp hd b f lf fr tp bnd b th ddl f th dd A rlt nltn fr bll rd t th p pprprt pnr th bnd In Cnd nr On b 195 fnd hlf lr nh Aftr rn pnrhp fr p nd th h nftrr Cnvr fr h bnd ium h fnd pnrhp dl fr vrl thr t (Ca Musicia v9/3 197 p7 h rh f dffrnt rprtn nt th fr tltd Cnd t tp brr btt nd

nt ll ll n rrd bt t ttrt drnn rd (Moea Gaee /1/197 p5 1 In th USA n th 195 ll v rp pd bnd t dn (ee 197 p1 nd tlvn h h Clr asa fnd pnr (Mrtn nd Srv 19 p97 h CC ptd fr dvrtn n th thr hnnl t ll tht thr pp h r l pnrd In th 19 r t n thr th nd th ntnlnt th pnr rdd Indpndnt nrt prtn t ff t rhd br rt Whl th hnd n n th 197 th ndtr tll td lrl tht pprt Exptn nldd th r f h r Cnd pnrd b Iprl b n 1971 (Maceas v/ 1971 p1 th 19 th n nd nrd ffln f bb br fn nt tht f bnd r lln r rp fr e-aacme th pnr n lrr l In 191 th oig Soes pvd th b n dl th vn r Alln t t Cndn tr fr oeoy th n Atbl th nxt r (Ca usiess v57/9 19 p73

Mln t l t t prt thr ldn brnd btt l nd Mln Cndn. d th th ntrd pnrhp dl nd thn th nrt prtn bn tlf

Cnrt prtn hhl pttv bn Whl prtr t pt n vnt n thr ntr th d nt th ttn n tr f Cndn nvdn thr pl r n th ppt frn xrn nt Cnd thr l rd ttn prtr hv thr n trrtr hh frntl pll r ntnl bndr bt n b nrhd pn b rvl In Cnd Cnrt rtn Intrntnl (CI tblhd b Mhl Chl nd ll llrd n 1973 hrh t rp n th rnt rt nd bnt dvrftn CI r t b th rnrtn f n f th lrt nd t fl nlrt prtn n r n rth Ar In Mntrl nld rltn nld K nld (K pn h pt n h fr lr nt f t On th Wt t nvr th trrtr f prtr fr Sttl ntl n 1977 rn rr t p rrp prdtn th th bn f bth CI nd K (I bl es comm Appndx fr h tht hn btt bht prtn f CI f hh Mln r lrd tr th rltnhp btn th prtr nd tht prtlr lld pnr bn t dtrrt nd t ntnl nrt prtn nt r rtd Cnd t tp brr

2 hd vlvd fr bn th tr f nrt prtr t bn thr prtnr

If t frt thr pn t ht ld hppn fr prtr nd bnd r rntl nld rltn h rd "W hv nlhnddl vd th brn ndtr" (Music Scee n35 197 p hl Mr rn f rrp h ttd t th ntrr "tht pnrhp I ldnt vn b n th bn" (Cagay ea 31/3/91 p1 Whh n f th l ndr rrt dpnd pn ht thn th nrt prtn ndtr hld b h nlrt n bttln t pt n h n Cnd hv l dvrfd nt nrt rhndn13 Mrvr bth nrt prtr-pnr (f n n prt th t hv t ntrl nd iae e scae f pp ltr vnt thn Cnd h

13 rtr nl dtrbt rhnd nd t prft t rhndn pn Ull bnd nl rlt fr rhnd l bt hn oeoy fnd th r lln n vr f $9 rth f prphrnl pr a t h th rp frd thr n rhndn pn (Ca usiess v57/9 19 p73 Cnd nrt prtn nlrt bht t ndpndnt rhndn fr t v th xlv rht t rt th prdt f tp t hrh t nrhp f fr h rh (hh t th $ lln nd n rn b rn rr nd Krn C n th rht t rhnd ll prdt fr Micae ackso ice nd thr rtt (Ca usiess v5/ 195 p9 MCA n Wntrlnd rdt hh n prtnt rvl rhndn fr

d nt jt prnt h bt thr yes o vnt l11

Wht th vnt hv n n tht th r ll ptl ppd t ftvl A ptl " pll prprd r rrnd dpl f r r l pbl ntr (pll n lr l frn n prv r ntrtn h r ntrtnnt fr th vn t" (OE v1 199 p1 h ptl r vr prtlr fr f ntrtnnt pr th rt f th rd ftvl n "Of r prtnn t ft bnfttn ft d" (OE v5 199 p5 Sptl r nl ftvl n tht th ll ppl t fr f th n nd rrl nvlv tv prtptn n th prt f th n ttndn h lv l r fr dffrn n xprn nd rntrprttn n th nd f ppl ttndn nd ptl drtl ddr ndvdl th prtlr rthr thn ntrt r fld n f nt nrt r ptl b th dvn btn th t nd dn rn t th r l nl n tht dn prtptn ftn nrd n prtlr tht r frntl pntn On ln f nr th ntxt thn

1 rrp d nt jt dl th r bt pt n Cntr h bllt d nd thtr vnt (I bl es comm Mln btt nd CI (bt fr I n nt Mln-MCA Cnrt Cnd r l nvtn n prt pnrhp nrhp nd brdtn

4 hh th ptl r nd th dr f ftv nt tht r vr bfr n xn th n rltn t Mln Cnd lbrtn th Grt Cndn rt t prtnt t xpln th rrnt frr f r nrt n Cnd

r pplr r t ll ntrt bn nt t rrn tr Cnd t fl nt r S ldn & At n nvr nd h An n rnt (I bl es comm n nt rhtrt tr b nttn prtr n h ltn trtd fr h n rdr t rrn vn Cnd tp brr r bldn f thr n nrt vn h Mln r n rr Ontr nd hv nnrd xlv dl th thr vn h xlv dl n tht llr prtr nnt t t th b vn nt tnd t r th CI r Mln-MCA Cnrt Cnd hn

rrnn tr • fr pplr rtt15 rthrr th lrr prtr t bp bn nt b n trht t nr Althh nt dl bn rvntd prtr xz ptntl prft b nnrn h drt dl1

15 rt td th pnr/prtr/bnd nx hh ll nr fr brvt hr r SOCA (h llt rnd rnrtn fr fr prtr rd ttn (h p fr rt th prtr fr th prt f "prntn" f bnd n thr frt nd tt nt (h ll tt t th pbl 1 tbl CI nt trht t th oig Soes nr t t thr See Wees rld tr n 199 (I bl

Atn nrt prtr n b lrtv t pnrn brr n th n tll prft fr hr th r nt lld t dvrt rvl btt t ndrrt tht r nt hlpn br l nn t n CI prnt pn (C th brr ld prft fr n pt n b th prtr vn f thr nn-lhl pnr r ltd b CI t hlp fnd th h Sndl n fft vr rprt v hv lld Mln nd btt t pf rtr f rtt17 Whl bnd nnt ndr lhl bvr n bnd th prtlr nt nd prtr th jn rtr f t pnrd b n f th brr

h brn dvn h bn th b bn f th Mln rprtn prtl b t h prfrd ntntl ll vn n rn (Mln Annl prt 199 p1 At h t hl th brr hv th n t pt

es comm It rd $5 lln b drn lln fn n 3 ntnnt (Maceas v1/ 1991 p9 17 btt bht 5 t n th Intrntnl lnt rp hh hndl tp US nd UK t n rth Ar It v th rtr f rtt fr CI prtn (btt Annl prt 1991 p3 Mln prtnrn f MCA lrl lld t t n th MCA Moow nd Gee lbl (Moea Gaee 9//9 p vr lthh Mln MCA-Cnrt Cnd lnd t th MCA fl f lbl n pnrhp dl fr Cndn bnd r rd t th nr th d nt n tht th t n MCA hv ttll bn •pnrd b Mln r xpl e agicay i r nd t MCA bt r n th btt lv rtr

6 n lr nrt lrd nr pndn n tht th pbl h l blt t p fr tt Whl bnd thlv n rd tff n tr r d llr t t f th hv trn nh n prtr hv bn frd t djt thr prtn ndrbl 1 h 199 rn h nt tht bth jr nrt prtr n Cnd r n rrd b thr rprt br h hp fr ln tr prft nd ntnn ln t thr tr 19

If pln l vnt t th r f l f thr prdt n b bln t l ptntl dnr

1 In rn prtr tll f l prbl h trbl th rt ptntl rt flln rtld t b fvrt t Ct Cnl rfn th f rtn vn nd prblt rltnhp th ll lr brd A xtr r th t trn dn nr n t hh pr fr thr bnd hnn vn r nlln h f bnd d nt ll n tt n dvn rfn rntd f fr bnd bfr nrt nd rdn tt pr S r pndn dvrtn dllr r rtvl pttn n dbl bll r ftvl r nldn rpr t nd nttn prdtn t p btn th nt frt tt nd tll n th bnd (S fr xpl Maceas v95/3 19 p; Moea Gaee 1//9 p9; ioa //9 p1 19 h btt 1991 Annl prt (p39 h C ntttd t f th $9 lln os b thr prtl nd bn Slrl Mln Annl prt (199 p h tht f th $3 lln d b th Sprt nd Entrtnnt Grp $7 lln d b th xpnn f th tnl Mln tr th "hh lt" "ll plnnd" ntr nd "pt" f thr (p13 hr rdn dnt th f pttn n th h nd l rptnn f ock is a is pplr ltr hh nt ll ndrd hh n lt b tht t t th hh ltr

h lln f br t prt dl t pnrhp (I bl es comm bt e aco t h ll bn th pnr brnd A th ntnl rt ld f aas ue bn t lp t Moso Caaia n 1991 t nnnd tht th frr br n lnr n t b d t n prt-rntd drnr hh Mln tll trtd (Goe a Mai 9/5/91 p Sll thh th hlpd n th Music 91 Cndn tlnt h hld n nvr btt bn t rd pnrhp tnt S f t ntt (h Guia a nd hlp th th CASY rd t n nd (e oice //9 pC5; n es comm Wth thr th rntd brnd lln ll Mln r n bttr ptn t ht lbrtn

h pnr hd t nlt vrt f Cndn t fr th lbrtn fr th tt t prtnt t rlz tht -prtv ffrt xtd hrfr t rlvnt t ndr ht dr f rl nvlvnt n ttrbt t th rtt n thr prtptn Artt xr dr f rl ntrl vr thr n hh prvnt th f th n ndrbl nd/r prt drbl ntrprttn r xpl th nr f prht nrtr n dtrn hthr h r hr r ll b brdt" h n tht rtt hv

h fr xpl hl ya Aams ld rf th f n f h n n th r fl o Gu (Ca Musicia v/ 19 p3 h ld nt vt th f nthr f

8 ntrl vr th ntxt thn hh thr r t hrd

hdr Adrn xplnd th b n tht th nn nd fntn f p f ld pp h thr f th ntxt f th r ntrdtd t ntnt ( 197 p113 h t r tht r nd plt hv prtd pn n th 197 ld b th rlt f nl fn n th lr t t rrnt n1 In th 19 hthr l t prtt n pld n ntl rd frt ld ht d n dvrtn r nl pltl n pld t bnft hnn th ntxt f pplr n oe o e mai n hh th r d pltll S t ld b rd tht h tn b rt pltn vd pn n t d fr nn-brdt ld h All h ld d n rd ttn nt t pl th n ntl ftr ltn hh lt h rlt (acoue Su 1/11/91 pA1 1 h d nt n tht thr r n t tll rtn pltzd n td nr h rp nd fl In ft t h Sig iy agg nd EM rn pplr rthrr n hh r b n b nfnt n prtlr ntxt r xpl ln fr th hr f n b Cndn nr-nrtr Aew Cas "hr t nd pl t ld b td" Whl rnn pn t ntrprttn n rrd h lr hv lt f ptntl t r dn nn f th r n t vnt fd pn prtlr An ntrtn xpl Kei icas h fr th blnd pt n b rdr pnn ftr bn fnd lt f dr trffn b rnt rt (Maceas v9/19 1979 p Anthr ft f th ntnlnt f r nd rlt th f ld ht n dvrtn A rnt jrnlt td bttn Mln fr n n b e eaes n h flt thn h td th th n t th t th r ht hd bn pprprtd

rtt r tll ntrl t th plt f r b th n dd hthr t th ppl f thr n fr prtlr nd b lln th t b pt nt rtn ntxt

Cnd th ffl fr vrt f ntnlt lbrtn h b h ntxt h nn f th hld bt thh prvt br bll rhd thrh prlnt n 193; rnn nn Cnd nd fxn th dt n l 1t (prvl th d hd bn lbrtd n th frt Mnd n l 3 Irnll th nhrnt hn f ph pnd b t n fdrl fndn fr lbrtr vnt fr $5 lln t $37 lln h prvn f Qb rvd t f th n (lfx Chrnl rld 3//3 p1 pbl t ntrlz th rn v f prtt n tht prvn Yt th rdd fndn fr Cnd pnd p n pblt fr prvt nttv t pl rl n fnnn vnt nd thrfr

(Mln v1/9 197 p3-33 h ln th bnd nd pnr tthr nt th nr n dpt vr th nrhp f pplr r On prbl tht th dvrtnt b th frt ntxt n hh nr ppl hr th n 3 h rnn prtnt b t dntd th Stt ntnt f phzn th ftr f Cnd nfd ntn n th nd f th ppl rthr thn dlln pn th ntr pt h pl drn prlll t th tht th Itln Stt rprntd Itl nfd nd tl ntn t t ppl hh Gr drbd (r nd ll-Sth 195 p1

80 tn th th d In th nxt dd nnl ftvt ntnd nd n 19 p th ft drn nftrr t prdnt b n t pnr Cnd ftvl n rnt (Goe a Mai // pA1

Cnd 199 d b dffrnt ppl fr dffrnt nd drn pn th nfn f th ft tht t th ntr 15th brthd ntn In nvr dntrtr brnd fl prttn nt "15 r f nd nt ntv nd th pprn f lrd ppl n Cnd" (Goe a Mai /7/9 pA bt n nrl th d rd b ptrt nn n 197 On th nl ffl ph f hr vt t th ntr th Qn rd th ntn ldr t p ntnl ntrt prnt drn ntttnl nttn (ooo Sa /7/9 pA1 h C d th d t prt th nnn n f t $1 ntt pn t SOCA br hh th pfd hd t b bt th lnd ppl nd ftr f Cnd (oe v1/3 199 p Ar th ntr th pbl phr lv th tzn hn tht dpt pltl dffrn n f nt td th th ntnl prjt ntt A dvrt f prfrn hd tht t dntrt (nd ptntll ntrt th n f nt Althh th Grt

In 197 ya Aams hd pld Ott n Cnd (Maceas v1/7 197 p3 hr r ltr Kim Mice ua Muay Macauca nd Mice agiao nt thr hd pld tht t ftr th Mh ttpt t ntttnl rfr llpd (ooo Sa

8 Cndh rt nl rprntd f th l tvt n n tht d fr th ppl n ttndn ltnn n rd r thn t n th rt b f fr th n

Mln hd bn thrh n rrt rnt htr hh fftd h th ld lttl pl thlv n lbrtn f ntnl nt hr rr th Crln- OKf nd b Eldr v th Atrln brn nt hr n th nlrd rprtn hh lld btt (Mln n pttr t dvrt tlf Cnd oy ntnl brr r Mln th vr hlln Stnh n thr pprt f fr trd th fr rpld n dvrtnt tht th r "prdl brn r Cndn br" brd (iacia os //9 p3 rthrr bth pn brd frn br ndr ln n Cnd nd r n th t fl xprtr f br t th US rt Yt ftr nttn th th US vr fr trd b 199 Mln xtv prvd t n thr ntrt t v th ntnl l f n rnztn prnt5

//9 pA17 In 1991 n rnt Siga hd nvtd th pr ntr t thr th rnn (ooo Sa //91 p1 Slrl Cnd 199 n n fr In Mntrl t th nd pnt f prn f rnd ppl Misou n n t th th Mpl f fl drpd bhnd t n nrt flld b frr dpl (Moea Gaee /7/9 pA3 5 h fd n th ntn b hftn ttntn fr thr rphl l n thr rprt th brr rd n ntn f n ntrtd ntrntnl rt

82 h rprtn ll r tht th r f Cnd 15th brthd ld b prt f thr prjt nd th r n d ptn t nnr lbrtn Mln pbl rltn prbl hv bn rnl rthr thn ntnl n p t nll tht thr rn fr htn prt t dvrt ttntn fr prblt pbl nntd th th rprtn d fr btt l t bn Cnd nl ntnl brr An rnt tht Mln d th Grt Cndn rt t dvrt ttntn away fr nrltd t th lbrtn f ntnl nt r dfflt t

Al f Mln l ntrt n lln thr prdt t hrd t fth h th ld hv hn t lbrt th ntn ll rthr thn hldn th vnt

th a tht th rvl f prvnl brrr ld nl bnft thr prtn (Mln Annl prt 199 p1 Yt bn Qb-bd fr th brr r l t n thr ntnlt pt "d n Cnd ndrbl xprn t rlvn r dffrn hv rn fr nfdn n r blt t rn r nnvtv fr f fdrl n th 15th r f nfdrtn" (Mln Annl prt 199 p1 In 1991 th lbb rp Mdth hd plnd t th rnt rnt Cn vr Mln xt dvrtn (dptn "h n rd x" A rlt th ptr rvd fr th ndrrnd (Goe a Mai 19/7/9 pA1 Slrl thr rr th Crln-OKf rltd n 1 jb lt n t r Mn rd ttn rfd n dvrtnt d b rr plnn bt ht hppnd bt nthr dpt ntnl n l (Goe a Mai 9//9 p1

8 n r ntrl ntxt t n thr t hn r fn ld ttnd It fr t tht as ll bn t drt th ttntn f nr owas thr br th Grt Cndn rt (hld n Cnd d nthr ndtn f th pn v n Cndn nt h l f btt ll t b n rn tht Mln r r t t thlv th th ntn bt th hd t fnd nthr t l l t tht r f prd

h d f thrn prt hd tll bn td b Mrn th rdnt f MCA-Cnrt Cnd h hd prpd r f b nrt r th ntr (E f es comm h n t b rd v pnrhp nd ntll t prpd tht pnr ld p $3 h A t trnd t Mln nd p

l thn th A&A rd rtl hn nd Mh M jnd th prjt On Mh M nvlvd th ddd t nnt th dffrnt nrt pl n vr t t nfd ntnl lbrtn ( Mlln es comm h d t ll Mln br th f th bnd nvlvd nd lbrt Cnd brthd t th t h rt ntrll nvlvd ntr f 5 AO rd ttn hh r nrl ll th brdtr n tht frt r th ntr h t n nprdntd lt f 135 hr f Cnn h pnr t t thrt nd rd dvrtnt pr hr

84 igue 3 A ose aeiseme o e Gea Caaia ay

(Sr Geogia Sai v/17 199 p

8 r th ntr bllbrd p nd ptn fr rhndn nd prr dvrtn t th h (Makeig 97//9 p

h dvrtn pn ldn p t th h xtnv bt dd nt f n th ntn Intd tr pld pn nln t th bjt (ndvdl dn br nd phzn wo n t b thr7 th hn pntd trd th secacua ntr f th vnt r 3 h ptr fr th nrt hh lltrt tht th r dnd t phz th nrt ntrtn ptl ll hr nt Mpl f n ht xpt th n nbtrvl blt n t th Moso Caaia l

h bnd r ltd b Mrn Mln nd bn nt S ldn fr thr pplrt blt t dr rd nd ppl t th Moso Caaia drph prfl (E f es comm hr tt prvd rht th ptl ttrtn lltv ttl f bt 1 ppl tl n thr tnt t h n St hn (fndlnd rr (Ontr nddn r (Ott

7 A rttn dvrtnt fr th prt ttd " thr lv n prn Wth t lv • r t lv IS COMIG O YOU" (Geogia Saig v/17 199 p hl n n rd jld "nt t v td n hndrd nd tnt fv r fr lbrtn l th"

86 nd th hndrbrd Std n nvr (rth Clb (Makeig v97/ 199 p Othr h fr xpl n Edntn r prt f th rt bt r nt tlvd (Emoo oua /7/9 p1 h pnr d n ffrt t rprnt n r f Cnd pbl t prvnt ppl fr prtlr rn fr fln lft t ( Mlln es cam At h h drp hn bhnd th bnd t h th rd nd tlvn nl bn fr h vn Al ll th prvnl fl r hn r th tp f th t

Yt t prtnt t rlz h bn lft t f th lbrtn nd h h vnt fr nlphn tlvn nd rd; b t Qb t d nt dr dn td thr prvn xpt fr icoas n Ott th r nt nldd (E f es comm Wh Mln dd nt pt n n vlnt h n Qb pn t tn pll n th hd ltd n t fr h ln fr thr ntnd ake Cae pn th r bfr (ayack Saegy v/ 1991 p7 Mrvr ltn th bnd nt ltn th dn bvl th h nrr drph ntrprttn f h ntttd th ntn Mn f th t hh r nt bd lrd hd tr rnzd

rnt aeake aies nd nvr Sii o e Wes r pln th Gltnbr tvl n Enlnd t th t (Geogia Saig v/1 199 p7 Slrl ya Aams n tr n Erp n th d Al uce

8 nd h nvr 5 ff th btt rtr fr th vnt b Mln MCA-Cnrt Cnd pd th h moe thn fr nrl (I bl es comm Art n thr brr rtr d nt ll pl t th thr brr vnt th nr f bnd fr th btt rtr h r d t pl hd t xpln t btt tht thr t r nt ltrn thr ntrtl (Sr Geogia Saig v/17 199 prnt n n ln tr S hl th vnt tlf n b n trbt t th rnzn pr f Mln ttl t l thn t th -prtn f btt

n hn l Obrn ld nr o 5 rd n h d t hrt blznd th "Crprt br AY IAY CAAA" th ttnt h tr t dtftn If th f th d th r rt nftn f ntn hh ld nt t nt n thr thn t fr t t bnd ttndn lbrtd tht vr pbl b f thr rn f th nd t xprt bnd r n nrl tr r r bvlnt bt th ntr f th vnt S t pld vr vrn f frn n (prbbl tht vn tht ndrtn h ai Goa( wo dd vrn f oooo Cie b imi ei Othr ltd thr n r rfll

Cocku a om Cocae lrd hd tr rnzd (E f es comm

88 r xpl -hdlnr Kim Mice vdd h ltt sigeAmeica(Oawa Ciie 1/7/9 p

Grd n ld nr f hdlnr e agicay I prtlrl xtr n h ntr h bnd ll pnrd b btt nd l vrl thr bnd n th d fl btn dffrnt vn ddn t th tphr nd nntdn f th vnt n r n t nd f dntd n nd d tht prn frnt t rtz bth Mln nd t rndr th prt f th lbrtn9 d fr th vr ntr f th ptl r prtnt vn tht th bnd hd hhl ll flln

e agicay i r hdld t pl Mln pll ntrtd pr n rr Ontr nd thn fl t nvr n th d fr nd h Aftr ln thr ntrnt n th t nvr th n t n hr lt Of h prv vn n d "rr rnt Ontr Y dnt nt t thr Mln Wrld" At nthr t hn n vr-xtd fn

9 Mn rfrn t th pnr t hv b lt dt t th vnt At th nd nnl thrn th nxt r n Cnd d n nvr th Cndn rt 1993 Stvn f hdlnr h aeake aies d "Wl t th rt Cndn br rl ow n ht bn Cndn n - t drnn rbntd br-flvrd d pp" (Gr Strht v7/1333 1993 p39

8 frbl ld ff t n d "Wr ndr th rn rtn hr n Mln"

In Mln r n rr n d n t "Stpd Wh r ddn?" (Goe a Mai 3/7/9 pC7 In n ttpt t h th dfflt f th ntn t n pnt h d "v hrd n frnd tn If r n b lnt Ar th r ht?" Al n n ntrntl ntrld Grd d rbld nl btn hnd trn thr pr prt nd ht prvnl ntr r dn t th ntr

rthrr fr pttr btn n f th n n pt th rnt trd f h tr Er ndr fr th Qb rd t th (Arn hldlph lr n th ntxt f btrl f nhp pltl rtzd th pprnt btrl f thr n ntnl dntt Cndn fr th rrd f n lhr3 Al n d pnt f hn r nn prt f n b thr Cndn h May Magae Oaa hl n t dntrtn h lnnt t Cndn l trdtn A h t tht n lltd nt hd nt tht h nt th d f th ntn bt flt n th n prtr r

3 Slrl e Skyigges l ddtd th n W o ak Ay Moe t th ndr l

0 nnr lbrtn f ntnl nt nd th bn prt f rprt dvrtnt

Mln ld d vr lttl bt n nt hh r n t f rtn lld t prtlr v f ntnl dntt vr n nt nd ll th rl prbl f th d h th bd thr n Ott th ht llp vt nd t rhr n rr th l f ntr flt n nvr nd th bvlnt

tttd Cndn fn hd trd Sia a r nltd b th vr 31 Mh M phzd th rvlr nd th ntnl b n bnd hr th fr ttn th rd t n ptrt n nd fndn plr ptrt In ft th d t rpnl lttl d vr lhr n ntrtnnt rtr ndrd th hnnl hd lrd ffntl vrd th vnt ( tn es comm nd t ndrd rl Mln prtnl vnt (E f es comm Yt th ft tht t o Mln prtnl vnt nd prt lbrtn vr prtlr rprnttn f th ntn t rth pl rtn fr r prp Al th vn fr fr Mh M tht d r nt prtlrl prv nd n ttpt d t ll tlvn vr t th USA b th bnd nvlvd

31 Sia a r th pf hdlnr t th Grt Cndn rt h r rp ntn f thr Arn tr pn rth pp rr thr vntr ( hll ntrvrl

hd f US fn (E f pr. ., ht rll prtnt bt th vnt h th dn thlv prvd t

In nvr rd br r ntrn n t th prt f th lbrtn b vn fl rn th r pprn th f pntd r (tprrl tttd th Cndn bl Mln thlv prvdd fr tprr "Mln Cndn " ttt ttptn fr f brnd tn nl fr ttnd b rl vdn trl Stll thr rd br r th rhnd th hd bht t th h At bt 3p n th Grndtnd th rd dd vrl pntn lltv v f th rt ll rrvd fr phr prt vnt In th frn f th td rnd ppl l nrnd th th frd ltr f frnd nd pld th frb nd h Mln MCA-Cnrt Cnd hd trnd th r djnt t th td nt ftvl rnd nd hd rnzd vd rn t ln-p th thr rt t n Cnd3 n p fr br fd nn nd hr frntl lld trnr t xhn pntn nt r pr p nvrtn In th vnt hd n r f ftvt t

3 h d r fr t br rdn vd rd nvr Cndn pthn ntt t vll bll rt trpln nn nd llr l t pnrd b ll AO rd ttn C-O (nvr Sn 22, p.C.

2 t hh h rtd b r rt tvt t nnrd It br dn l brrr nd frd n f nt n lbrtn f th d prjt

Mrvr th ft tht t ppl pprtd th ftv tphr vdnd b th ppl vlntrd t prtpt n r r f dn ntrv hrt ht th th vn tn n h r d th b f hrt trtrd ntrv t rv vr br f th dn drn th vnt33 h rlt f th r frntl btnd fr ll rp f frnd hh h thr r dffrnt nbr -f nr fr h tn Whn tnd bt hr th fnd t bt th nrt t d thr fr frnd r th rd3 h h nt nl th pr f AO rd t lt prtlr fn (nd l ll th h bt l th blt f th n In nvr 7 n ppl hd p nd jt nd Old (19 fnd t Exp th ll n rp f t t fr ppl t r nrt th d f th Grt Cndn rt ptl fr th ttndn t

33 I ld l t thn St Wrrn fr fldr rv rndrd nd l rr Mhrn f Mln fr bn hptbl

3 Of th 3 nr vn 39 d th fnd t fr th rd 39 fr frnd 11 fr Mh M nd 11 fr rttn dvrtnt

n b tnd b t hd ftv tn nd ntrprtd b rp

th tn f h xtl ppl r ttndn vrt f nr rvd If th ld b dvdd t ll ppl n fr th nd ftvt f th prt r vnl thd hl frthr 1 fr thr rn 35

h prlnr tn r flld b thr fd r n nd th ntn rtl dn br r d ht bnd th ld hv ld t hv n f th pln hd bn nvlbl tht d 3 rntl th t rh br f th ltr f frnd nrn ld bn rln ff thr fvrt bnd rrdl f thr ntnlt ntl nthr ntrv ld " th hv t b Cndn b t Cnd " nd thn r ltv ltn ld fll h t tht frntl ppl d nt thn f bnd n tr f thr ntnlt bt th rtr rd fr nttn

35 Of th 5 nr vn 5 d th fr ftv t h tr nldd t tvt n n Mln br rl h drnn nd flrtn In th rpt Mln r n fl vr nthr 19 ntnd th n nrl rthrr f nr ntnd prtlr t b n nd n ft vrl fn d th ld nt hv bn thr f e agicay i r nt pln 3 h nr vn r nr th dffrnt rp n AO rd t r ntnd f hh r Cndn rth 5 Arn nd fr lhr

4 btn frnd h l ntrprttn f th ptl rnfrd t rltnhp t th ntn

h ntnl tn frthr brhd b n (vn tht t th Grt Cndn rt ht n Cndn bnd nn ntd t thr th thr n nl r rl f Cndn hn h r thn thr Mt t t n t f thr vt37 Intrtnl hl ya Aams t t dd oc oisie fr Qb nd l oeea MCKei t n h lttr pr f rtt r nl n vn ll nfrd ltnr h prfrrd hrd r ttn ld prbbl nt hv hrd r thht bt th In ft bth r ntnd n rrn prprtr rtl n e acoue oice (//9 pC5 It pbl tht nrt f fn hv bn n t txt th hh t ntrprt th vnt h prtnt b fr fr bn n nnfrd nd nrtl p rrn tll tnd f th prdx f th ndtr nd f th eoe t bn fr th rl f pnrhp n r t h nd nt thr t hthr Cndn hld b td th th prjt f ntnl

37 hr r 1 nr pfn rp 5 f th rp ntnd nd th 3 f th nr vn r fr rp pln lhr t th rt ( r f th Cndn t ntnd n th prv tn

h prn f Sia a n f th hh rrn hd rd nd dn br hd prbl th n th d A pf hdlnr f th ntr vnt th rp hrd tp blln th Cndn im Mice nd

e aaica i h fl r Cnd th rp f Mh M ntt nnr h thr Arn tr pn rth r tr frd thrd ntn th ntr n tht d At lt x thr Cndn t hd fln n rdr t pl t vn bt nl Sia a hd bn t ll th tlvd pl Gvn tht th r pf rp nd tht rltv nrt •n th r Arn th dn pprntl hd n l bt pprtn th 3

nll n rdr t fnd t hthr th Grt Cndn rt hd pt tvt nt r ptrt nd bl ntxt thn th ppl ttndn ld hv rnzd fr thlv tht d th r d ht l th ht hv bn dn39 Evn f bn th ppl ttndn

3 Of th 7 nr rvd t th tn f hthr t ttrd tht nt ll f th bnd pln nvr r Cndn tht d 3 v n nlfd "" Anthr 13 v lfd ntv nr h " Arn bnd" Yt frthr 11 v nr hh dttd Sia a nl h "hr j nt bnd" On tp n tht 1 f nr vn d tht t dd ttr h "It bttr f ll th bnd r Cndn" r "On th d hv t hv Cndn hr" 39 Of th 59 nr vn 1 d th ld hv thr bn rn n tht d hl nthr pfd ltr h rntd tvt h thn tlvn A frthr d th ld b hv bn n t t pbl pn p h th bh r pr bt nt lbrtn nd th nt d th r n t prt t h t 1 d th ld hv bn ttndn

6 ptrt vnt th th prtn t h nl 3 f th n ttndn ld hv bn tvl nd n ptrt tvt f th hd nt ttndd th Cnd nrt

S thn t lr tht Mln r fl n th dt f thr prjt In 19 p hd ttptd llr prjt n rnt bt thr nttn th t dntrtr br ff vr thr ptntl rht t ft drn l n thn hllp Sr h Chrn f th 19 rnt Cnd Ctt d "Crprtn hld b flln vr h thr t t nvlvd n Cnd t h th r d rprt tzn" (Goe a Mai // pA1 Crtnl Mln prvd thlv d rprt tzn pll n f th h th pprtd tht d tll d l (E f es comm If ptl r n xt fr f t lr prvntn rntrprttn f th th th f n thn Grdn n nt ld hv bn ndrt th rprt ntnlt ph f th vnt vrthl th f th ntn frd rlztn f nd nt bt t th t t n vr prtlr ntxt It hd tht th plr f th ffrt f tlvn ttn nd th rprt rnztn f pbl ptrt lbrtn h th vnt t Cnd pl r th td frr dpl

brr ld nt (n drph prt f th ntn hn n thr prtnt t nd ltn thr h ttpt hd fld

Anthr tp f rprnttn f Cnd btd b th nttv f• prvt pnrhp h bn ntrtd thrh Cndn rd rn h fntn f h vnt t rnz th hvnt f bnd npr th t n hht nd thrh tht t rt th ndtr In rltn t th th n CASY nd thr ll pblzd ntnl rd n b rtnzd brnd (thr htr xplrd n ppndx fv

h n dvlpd n ntnlt nvrnnt ndr th n f th trd zn M nd thn b nvlvd th th Cndn Ad f rdn Art nd Sn (CAAS h rprnt th ndtr nd thn tlvd CAAS dlld n th USA ndtr rnztn th tnl Ad f rdn Art nd Sn (AAS bt th n r nt bd pn thr Gr Ard (Ca Musicia v/5 195 p1 Whl nrl ll th n r rdd t Cndn th Gr r fr tzn f n ntnlt h t r vtd n b AAS (ll bd n thr Arn l

S hl th Arn ht th t f thnn thr rd r ntrntnl n p Cndn rv

8 tlt f th Gr nd lbrt thr rtt ttn rd f th vnt l th Olp Mr prhll th n hv td prptl r f nrn- fr th ntrtd n th f ntnl ltr A Cnd ldt nd t tblhd pp rd th n r n n th CC h 199 rd dntrtd th bv rfrn t Cnn tht nl th Gr th n rn n t thp fr nfd ndtr h b pbl b CAAS nl h 15 vtn br ( ll es comm hh ll t b frtn f th brhp f AAS

hr r vrl hn b hh th n rprnt prtlr ntrprttn f th ntn n th ntr f th rd thlv h frt n b hvn n ntrntnl rd (fr th frn ntrtnr f th r hh nt ndd n th Gr t ppr dd n th ntxt f th n Gvn th z f th dn n Cnd t ll tht th rd n lttl t n rtt rvn t (M b es comm On pblt tht l hvn frn prntr th rd rt th h CAAS hv bn trn t ll tlt f th n t th USA fr t nd th hv nt bn fl b th bnd nvlvd rrl hv US fn b ( ll es comm h 199 rn th frt h t ntn n frn t prfrn (Goe a Mai 3/3/9 pA bt th rd n tn

pt A bl 7 h prtlr rd r hn n dffrnt nd th frn ntrtnr rd th nl

n t b bth nntd nd ltd ntrl b CAAS vt bl : (imos r hn b dffrnt rp br f Wh Ch Wh Slt Ard 5 nn nnr 1 CAAS nl CAAS nl 7 CAAS nl CAAS vt 7 Sl CAAS vt 3 Sl Sl 1 [rn Ent]^CAAS vt CAAS vt 1 [Cndn Ent] CAAS + Md bl vt

(Sr n Ard t Sht, CAAS 1993

h tbl h tht n dbt bt hn th frn ntrtnr rd t pl thn CAAS, rthr thn n pbl Sn th prbl th thr pblt hv lrd bn ntnd lrd n ltrntv rnt ld b d hvn frn ntrtnr f th r rd dr ln hh lt Cnd ntn nd hft ttntn fr nhrn wii t h rd ptn th nd ltnd t b Cndn nr n ntxt phzn th rtt tznhp b fr dntt rthr thn trn nthr rphl rtrn (h th t h rn r nn- rphl rtrn (h thr ndr It pl tht fbrn rtt r dffrnt nh fr thr Cndn ntrprt t rrnt prt ndrtn bt

200 n th rd nnt b vn t Cndn t l nf nd trz Cndn ntrtnr ntnl tzn

h frn ntrtnr rd h th Cndn ndtr n nfd h bt h t lbrt rthr bn n f pbl dbt Sh dbt ld xp rft n th nrl pbl bd pn dvdd llt td th ntn r h tht Cndn rlrl prfr rtt fr prtlr ntr; nthr pblt ld rnfr ntnl prd

Anthr ntrtn rd th Cndn ntrtnr f th r rd rntl rtd b CAAS th npt fr thr brn pnr Mln hd htr f thr pnrn prtlr ndvdl r t l th t th Olp (Maceas v11/ 19 p1 r tn vr rnztn th b nvlvd th h th

nrt prtn bn Whn CAAS pprhd th n 195 th brr hlpd n vr bt lld th pnrd rnztn t rtn ntrl" On rl thn Mln dd pt bllt nt 1 Cnplx n r th ntr t v th pbl hn t prtpt n th ltn pr h rlt th

Mln hv hlpd CAAS th dvrtn pbl rltn prtn nd l nttv h fnd CAAS hlrhp t trn ntrtnnt nr bdz th h tlf nd t p r f n tlnt h n th ldn p t th rn (CAAS ews Wntr 199

20 nl rd drtl pnrd b Mln th Cndn ntrtnr f th r rd h prtlrl hrd v b th brr CAAS h th nntn th r nt lft t f th n rd bt n th pbl ltd t Mln ld nt rn n tr f tn th nn npplr th thr ptntl tr

Anthr t v th ntn hrn h bn t b rd n l nr rthr thn rn A fr fr tlnt l th Gr th n hv rn tdl ll b rnzn nr f hh hv lrd nd nh pplrt nd rntn n th ndtr t rrnt thr n rd rd r ddd thn CAAS n th r nd dntrtr th n ndtn f th trtn f th ndtr In n thn CAAS bd pn t rt bt h t rprnt th ndtr nd n b prd t pltl prt d b lbb rp 199 th rd hd rn t 33 tr nd th 15 nntn (n t Sht, CAAS 19931

r xpl n pld b Cnd bl n hv ftn bn rjtd b lbl h d th ld nt ll t th rt f th ntn vn t t hn frn

1 prn th Gr rd lrd hd tr b 195 (Cndn Mn v/5 195 p1

202 bl t ld ll n Cnd In th rl 19 th l M Ard f Cnd r t p b nrnd n lbl nd thr n p th bl l nt In 195 th n r ntd b t n dtn th bt rnb/l rrdn nd th bt r/lp rrdn (hh h n bn drppd h bl Cndn n hv drvd rntn bt

CAAS thn fd th h t prnt th t lrl

ht dn h rlt tht ll pnl f CAAS br h th rd; th bl ndtr

nvtd t rnz ise thn CAAS t vd thr br f th d nltn r rprntn t

In 195 th rnzr f CAAS fndd ff rt tht th hd n prt rd tr fr frnphn b n tht n n n n rnh ld n f t ld

ll nh n ll f Cnd (lthh CAAS vtr r Enlh Cndn nd tht h dvv rd ld ndrn thr prjt Yt AISQ h nldd n nlphn tr n thr rd n ll bfr 195 nd r rntl CAAS hv rlntd nd nldd frnphn lb tr h hv bn dn tr t rnz th ffrt f AISQ b rprtn

r xpl n 1975 rdr hn Cp d "Cndn rrd pn p n th dnt n ht t d th bl rtt tht thr n rt - nd t hlf th tp tn n Cnd th d b ppl l e Oas nd e ackso ie" (Ca Comose n 195 p1

20 thr tr bt htvr th rn CAAS r n fd th th dl f rtn n rd t rprnt nrt rp thn th ntn vr th th n rd hn ntrtd t th rd fr bl n r pd

CAAS rlvd th prbl f tbl rprntn th ntv nrt rp b bn th rd fr frnphn ll n l h r nt lltvl frd t h fr tp f th n lttl bt vn n rd bd pn l rtr dffrnt pl t rprll nldn th ffrt f AISQ thn th n rn Evn f AISQ ptd dn d ll b CAAS br bt h rvd th frnphn n tnl hn nnr -ld rnfr th prtn f th t ndtr bd h f ntrl n rtrn h l fr r tbl thn hn rtr hh ld xp th dht btn frnphn Cnd nd th rt f th ntn3

3 h SOCA rd hh bn n 199 t rnz br f tht rnztn h r pld th t n Cndn rd vdd th tp f prbl b hvn t rd rn h frnphn Mntrl rn hld ftr th rnt vnt th n ntrntnl rtt nd Cndn f th rprl ln rnzd n h (Cn. Cpr 1/3 199 11

204 th Mln rd th h pt n th hnd f th ppl nrnd Unl th Mln rd t td t tll n prt f th ntr ht pplr n nthr prt Al t ld b rd tht th rd fr

frnphn plld Qb nhbtnt nt CAAS prjt Mn frnphn fr Qb thr lltv htr nd ptn h r thn tht f prvn Yt f trt tht r n th t rrntl rnzd prvn Qb h fnd rprnttn

wii th n hn thr prvn hv nt dn

Sn th n rprnt th ntn t tlf fr th vpnt f th ndtr thr tlvn h bn prtnt t CAAS nd ltrl rt l nr nt nl ttnd bt l prnt rd r xpl rr rd n v a o ame rd t oi Mice (Maceas v9/1 1979 p7 thrb lndn ht t th ntrtn f prtlr htr f Cndn pplr nnrd b CAAS. h dbt rnd th rd n th lt 197 fd pn thr tr prnttn On

rth Clb h bn n prvn hh nt nl t p t n hptr f CAAS n th lt 197 bt l t n rd h Wt Ct M ndtr Ard bn n 19 nd rvvd tht dd n vr fr th hlp fr lbl CAAS nd ll ndtr phlnthrpt In 199 th rd dd th n vrnnt fndn lttl ntrt fr th lbl nd thdrl f CAAS fnd (ie Moes 11/9 p3 S n ll f Cnd b nlphn rd (th n CASY SOCA nd Mh M d rd r rnt bd lthh CAAS ltd th n n nvr n 1991 rbl nn t th rn

20 n n rntd Guess Wo r t hrt On thr pr lp nhn ndrtndn nd thr t r d (Ca Musicia v1/ 19 p5 In 191 Ae Muay rfd t ppr n th h b f t htr f prbl (Ca Musicia v1/ 19 p h rn tlf ntntl n dnr f rnn nt nl th rpttn f th tr nd pbl fr h ttndd bt r tll t hd th ptntl f drvn th dn nd rpt fr ht Cndn hd dn h nvntd trdtn f th n rtd thn n rthr prr b

On tp f th prbl r t rthr pld plnt bt th n rtl th rt tht th rd r pt n fr th tlvn dn rthr thn th tll ttndn ndrttd th prtn f h th n r bn td fr CAAS nt pl pttn n rd nd rnzn prtlr tr bt thr t b see t d 5 A lr plnt h bn tht th rd r t prdbl b th r bd pn l (Maceas v9/1 1979 p h l rlvnt hn n rlz tht CAAS h t p t

5 At n rn th lv dn r tld nt t t n th f th cameas (Maceas v9/1 1979 p In 1993 th vn fr f 5 lln (rnd f th ntnl ppltn ppl r pld t t n th t prvl pd b nn h r fr th dn In th n ffrt d t h vr tht th OKf Cntr pd (Goe a Mai 3/3/93 pA1

206 th ntn n ln tht t n ndrtnd h n r nt rt h rd bd pn rtr hh nl n nttd nrt n pprt bt n hh th ndtr rflt nd ttpt t ln tlf th th ntn

In prn t th n rnt ltrntv r ttn CEYs CASY rd r vtd n ntrl b pbl bllt CASY tndn fr Caaia Aiss cose y You h rd hv nttd th prbl f rprntn prtlr nr b dvdn tr p b bth th frt f prdt nd rphl r ( Aum o e yea om Wese Caaa h n r d t hlpn t ll Cndn rtt brd A th CASY d nt hv nh prfl t hlp th th th hlp t xp rnl t t th ntn nd t th nd t lbl lln dr dtrbtn dl

phz th ltrntv ntr f th CASY thr r n ptn ph A nn-ntr rd prt dvrt b bnd hh ld nt hv thr bn rnzd t hn Yt t th nt thr rnzr thr rd o nn-ntr nd prrr fr bnd h nd p t th n ( n es comm hh r lhtl dvrnt hrht thr htr th hv ndrn rrnttn fr bn ltrntv trd hlpn llr t n rdr t

20 rvv n rd t hr pd n 195 hn CC tlvd th h t r rntl t hv bn hrdr Whl th CASY hv vdd th nd f lbbn rvd b th n th hv bn rtzd fr thr ltn rtr n nntn r t frt hn fr th CY pllt nd nntl h thrn Ontr lnt (Ca Comose n1 195 p1 Crrntl CY th ndtr tlf t h nn th tht Mln t th pbl nvlvd th th n th pltn tht th n nd CASY r vn lr tthr

h n CASY nd SOCA ntnl rn dlvr ttl f 7 rd vlbl h r fr Cndn t vrn rntn fr th pbl rd prrr nd rrdn ndtr h lnr th lt f rd r th r t pl lltv l f nfdn nd nd t prv Cndn tlnt If th vl f h rd nt nn n th frt pl rd prlfrt thr rth rdd h trtn h ld Mrd hlr t

Int th 199 th CASY r drppd b CC thr rnzr rtd rd ntr th th hlp f n r t ltrntv ttn n h prvn CY th rd fr Cndn tlnt dvlpnt h ttn nvlvd rvd 35 hr f hp Cnn prrn nd nfrtn bt th rrt pprt f vr pn t In 199 frthr bl hn btt thdr thr pnrhp ( prt f thr rtrtrn rnzr fnd An Atbl t rpl th rthrr th rd rn t l ( n es comm hl th n r pprtd b thr tt l vnnt fndn nd pnrhp ( ll es comm

208 r tht th prlfrtn f rd thn Cnd rprnt "brnn lbrtn f nn-ntt" (Maceas v91/1 197 p7

Whl dffrnt rd hv dffrnt fntn n th n n prtlr lt f rtt t nntd n vrl f th tr h rlt sowow btn lr tp f rtt hh f th rlt r nvn bld p nl prprtn f th t n th rnnn It n tht CAAS nt nl hlpn t thr n f t n xprt bt t dn th n frnt f th ntn h Grt Cndn rt ltd rprnttn f Cndn r bt t hd tht Cndn fn d nt thn f th ntr n tr f tn hndfl f t 7 In lln t brd th n d p bt tht d nt n tht frn rtr hv nthn r thn rr nld f thr vl h n bvl hv n prtnt ntnl fntn prhp t t t pn th p r b rtrtn th nbr f t n rtt n b nntd r n n rd ht ld prvnt th nd f vr-nvtnt hh lv th ft f rprntn th ntn n th hldr f f rtt

7 h dntrtd b th tht th n ttndn nrd n tn n r rv (td th ftnt 37 nd v thr pprt t th n t prfrn r th ntr tht d

20 In nln th hptr h ld t t lltv pbl n hh th l pt f Cnd tnl plr ntrtd It h hn tht r pnrhp f lf n Cnd nd drv frthr td n f th n ntxt thn hh r rh th ppl h Grt Cndn rt nd rd rn n Cnd r prtnt t th tnl plr b th bth t Cndn bnd th th f ntnl nt n vr pf thr th vr tlvn hnnl th t tp f vnt r tvl xpn n nrtn f Cndn bnd t ntnd dn vn thh th bnd r nltd b rd ttn d t bbbr It ld b rd tht f ntnl rd rn r t rnz Cndn t fr ht th hv dn th Grt Cndn rt h ht th bnd ca o prt f dr -prtv ffrt

20 Chptr Sx Cnln "h ndtr nt n ft nlth thr r iusies hh r l prtll frtrd nd ntrdtr pnn p n p n thr ntntl hftn nd nfltn frtn"- Shphrdl

A th bv ttn t th ndtr nt trtrll hrnt ntt bt rthr vhl hh h rd (nd trnfrd v htrl ntnn t nv r t nr h t ld b rn t nld b phzn th ntrrltnhp f prv hptr n th b f thr prl ntnt ln n t r thrtl tndpnt tht h nfd th h t nld hll rtrn t Gr h t rndr th rltd tn f ntnl ltrl prl nd h t th ptntl nn f fr trd r

h f ntnl nt h bn n ndrrrnt thrht th th Gr h tt th hrn f th ntn thn prrv frr prrt t th rn f ntnl rn l ltr vr th nl n rltvl nrr nd pf rn fr ntnl An pr ntnlt tn n b dnr f t pt frrd blndl tht ndrtn f ht t n n rltn t th ntxt n th ntxt nd thrfr nn f

1 n fr Shphrd (1993 p1

2 ntnl nt r nt fxd r xpl ntnl n thn dffrnt n pt thn n r t

Evn r dfflt t dl th tht dffrnt l rp ltnl dr pn ntnl nt fr dffrnt rn h Gr h d nt ll t ndr r rjt ntnl dntt n n pl n rltn t b t vd n rhtrtd v f ht th ntn On th h dntrt tht v b hn l dvn thn th ntnl ppltn hl n th th th dvn hv bn n n ntn nvlvn nflt f ntrt btn dffrnt rp n p th lnt vrr nd tr f Cnd ndtr

h dvnt f h n pn frr tht t v h rdr th pblt f ndrn h r hr n dntt nd ptn n rltn t rnt hh ll pn th ntn fr prtlr nd h t fr vpnt tht ll ltr t nt n th n f th ntn trd n hh rtll xn th n hh th rlln r f ntnl nt r d

A ntr Cnd n ptntll dfflt prdnt; t ntn tzn th ltrl dntt rtd n dvr brnd hh n n rt th ntxt fr dpt Yt th plrlt pn p

22 pprtnt fr rdfnn ht t n t b prt f ntn n n prrv nd xplr h tn f th Cndn fdrl Stt hv hlpd nr th ntt f bn d nd hrd b t tzn nd th hftd nd dvrfd th tnl plr vr th tp f nd bn d dd nt dvlp n n b n ntn l pltd thn dr ntrntnl l fbr

Mrvr dn n th thrd hptr nd frt ppndx hr dntrt tht th rn f Cnd d nt nfntl prvnt th hrnt dvlpnt f l pnnt t th tnl plr th ntn bt t llr l th rr nd ntrbt t dr nfln In r prhp th bt dfflt d b th rnl rph f Cnd nt n f ltrl dffrn bt th tht th ttrd ppltn prnt n btl t ntnl xpr fr trn bnd rthrr hl Cnd h th pl prbl tht d nt n tht thr ntr th l frntd rphl nfrtn nd dffrnt pltl n hv n prbl3

In th lt 197 rnl l rvvl n th Mrt prptd n n f th Woeu Ga a t "fndlnd h l bn bjtd t Cndn nd Arn n tr f ltr nd " (Maceas v9/1 1979 p5 3 S ntr f n ppt prbl t Cnd f bn oo dn n tr f prdd r xpl th UK hv prdd rnd n thrd f th rld

2 Gr h ll t bn th th ptn tht pplr ltr pltd thn dr frr f xhn hh hlp pt th d b Cndn n n lht thr thn pln th b nt prhl nptn f Cndn dtntvn hh h nvr bn dfnd r r tll prtndn t h flld nn hh d nt xt th h ll t lbrt th dvrt f nd d n ntr hr tlntd ppl hv bn vn fr t xpr htvr th h h nt t tht th ntn rrlvnt bt pl t lbrt t r lbrll tht th prn t td th ntnlt ntnt In thr rd ntn f th ntn hld nt b d n x t ntrl th lth f Cndn tlnt n xtn r bn th ffrt f th ntr rtt thr th t hld b flttd nd lbrtd b n f th bt fr Cndn t hr n fln nd xprn

pplr bt t n h t n hr f dl On tht A& tff tnd t n t n rdn th ntnl trnd n dn h thn nd rv nd hh hv rnl xprt ptntl h prtnt b th rth nl rt n bn prbl n z t tht f Cnd vn thh th UK h h lrr ntnl ppltn Anthr prbl tht th nl hrt trtd tht nl hv hpr- l pttrn thr hrt hrt lf-l v frn lbl r brnh plnt lttl nfdn n th prvn ht (Music Week 7/11/9 p5

24 On prbl th n Gr h t xn th ntnt f Cndn pplr tht Gr nt vr lr bt th rtr fr dfnn ntrl fr It l hrd t lf hthr th fr r ike y mos eoe Crtnl dvr pnthn f ntrl fr h rd t b prt f Cndn pplr r Chptr t hd tht Cndn dn hv htrll ptd Cndn t f th frd ll n th USA h frt nd prhp nl prd t pn vrl ntrl fr t n th rl 197 An rr f hrtr rd fr th Cff ph nldn Ae Muay ei Youg nd e Guess Wo Mt f th ppl hv rvvd fl fr thn th ndtr h hv bn jnd b ya Aams hpn fr th tl nd f th r r r nd fnll b drt nn fr rnt r h th aeake aies d ln nd Ceie io Al th lltn f ppl h bn ntd b thr rnbl pplr t h K Mthll nd Srh Mlhln h Cndn r n h l bn t pn nd ffrvnt t fr n nd f pplr nn hh nl prbl f fll th ntlt ntn tht ntn hld b l lnd th t brdr

r th vpnt f Gr h th ptntl prbl th Cndn b tht f Cndn r nt n prtlr tp f A nn Cndn ltnr t frn rtt n th tl rthr fl n Cndn t pln n th tp f b prd t f US n r thr f Cndn tzn t fr prt

2 vr t l tr tht Cndn hv l lbrtd frn t h ld t tn f ltrl prl On tht bjt Cntn Mntr rrn tt h d rntl (oe v/7 1991 p t Cnd nrtr

"M nrn tht thr n thr ntr n th rld hr thr hhr pntrtn f frn ltr M l nt t ht thr t bt t nr tht Cndn v n b hrd I ntnd t t lr t r [fr trd] nttn prtnr tht hl Cndn ltrl prdt r fr l Cndn ltr nt"

Gr fr h ttn tt pl tht h pprt ntnl nt Yt h d n prtlr tht ntn nbr f ntrdtn h t prtnt n n th fnl ln If rpl "fr l" th "pltd thn ptl" th prbl b lr n tht tt pln Cndn ltr n ntt td trl t If rpl "Cndn" th "Arn" ( hl Arn ltrl prdt r fr l Arn ltr nt hh t Arn prdt n b prhd tht ltrl tthnt t b lr tht th l l pp th tnt f trtrl npt f d prl r t lt trt Cndn ltr nd frn ltr n vr dffrnt A f n Cndn ltr ttr nd n xprt

ht rtnl th th ya Aams b h ddnl b f n n r hh Cndn hd l n bfr

26 prrt th ttnt brn nrr t Gr d n tht t pf tht phlll ltrl trd ttr r t th ntr bjtd t t

If Ar n xprtn hn ltrl dn thn t l tr tht Cnd llr dn rtn nt-prlt d trl Wht bth f th l rlt t th z f th rt fr th t tp f prdt In thr rd t ld b rd tht th nt nd rt f tpt f pplr ltr fr Ar d r b tht ntr lt thn nthn r nprtrl h th h nt d t l t th ndnbl ntrntnl f Arn rtt bt t f pn ht Cndn rtt n t Cndn dn nd prhp r prtntl hthr th xpr f th rtt h bn flttd b th tn f rrd pn nd th Stt In rdr t fll xplr tht hv t rtrn t th ndtr bn Cndn t

A th trl f rtt nn bfr trff nd rrnt drt nn h Cndn rtt n b pplr ntrntnll tht n ndtr xtn n thr n ntr5 Mn Cndn ntrl fr hv hd

5 Yt th rtt r dtnt nrt nd hv t rppl prptll th dl f tn ntnl dntt r xpl l An nt t Yr nd nd drt t Untd Artt n 195 pt lvn n th USA h dd nt v p h Cndn tznhp nd prd t

2 th pr f th jr nt nl t prt th n thr n ntr bt n thr tbl trrtr S f ld trnfr ht h bn xplnd bt th jr nt th ln f Gr h ld fnd tht frn pblhn h r pln rrnttd Itln rtr t rt th Itln tnl plr prtl b thr rtn r fl brd In ft th prlll th Gr Itl h lr f ndr Itln phn hh r pplr bth thn thr n ntr nd brd hr frn ppl tll rnfrd thr pl n n thr tnl plr

Whl th jr rprtn hv ntr f ntrl (bt ftn nt nrhp n th USA ht ntrtn bt thr trd n tht h lbl dl n th lblt f t rtt htvr thr ntnlt h jr d nt frrnd thr n rprt S t b dfflt t pln bt th nvv pr f Arn nd nd ntrlld rrdn nd brdtn ndtr n ntnlt ntxt hn th bn t xprt th tlnt f Cndn rtt ll vr th rld7

hn Cndn zn dtr d h f bn Arn (lfn v/ 1975 p h jr r nd b pn bd n pn Grn llnd Enlnd nd th USA ( lr 7 r xpl rn Ad nl Evrthn I I It r Y nbr n n th UK fr n nprdntd prd Enlh prtt nr ll r jd "pl d f I ntd t lv th ntr ftr th r t r-ltd Id rthr hv lft hn rn Ad

1 n Gr h th rtltn f Cndn rtt thn xprt rntd Arn d hld nt trbl th tzn f Cnd b Cndn t ld nt b ld nhr f th hd n ppl Wht t n tht th d hv flttv rl n bldn ntnl dntt thn dr ntxt A fl Cndn ltrl prdt th rrdn f Cndn nd t th jr r xprtd t thr ntr nd tht rv t rnfr thr n ntr tnl plr b Cndn rnz th frn hvnt f thr fll tzn

At th ntnl lvl th Stt n Gr frr nt th nrltd trd f ltrl prdt oy f t n tht frn prdr ppl ndn dnd vr hthr Gr h n b d n rnt fr th Cndn nrhp f Cndn tlnt dpnd pn hthr th ntnlt f nrhp hn th xpr f Cndn t (nd th th ntnt f ltr n Cnd If blv Cndn pplr ltr fll pltd thn th fbr f t thn th trtr f t nrhp ll t ttr t th ntr tnl nbr n fr xtn " l r rrpndn fr rtn fr t Moes (v7/ 199 d " h lnvt ld t nd f fr vr hr Alt n ptn h tn th ntr d nt l th d th hld b Arn nd tht n th d nt l blnd pp x prt f thr l dt"

2 plr Chptr fr hd tht th Cndn rrdn ndtr nt f dvr bt bt trtr h n tht n nthr n nl rtt rprnttv f th hl ndtr n Cnd r xpt n blnt ltrl pl t hv th nn fr ll Cndn rtt vr l prvn Cndn rtt nttn th th jr r n llr lbl hv fd dfflt b f thr tznhp In n t t th ffrt f th fdrl Stt t n p ntnl rrdn nd brdtn ndtr fr Cndn t n pt f prvln f nd ftn prfrn fr frn ltrl prdt9 A hv n lthh Cnn nd ACO hv dffrnt l hh d nt pltll th p ftn th hv ndd p plntn h thr In th ntxt n bln t lr tht Stt pl hv ptvl nflnd th l lnt f Cnd tnl plr

Chptr thr hd h ya Aams ntrl n tltn n ltrtn n Cnn hr r t prtnt pnt bt th t nl dd h hv nl tt Cndn r prtr bt th ndnt td tht ntrl fr r nt jt icims f th nt pplr ltr; th n b prtnt 9 It ld b rd tht Gr h dr f hrn t th Stt hh nt xt n Cnd bt th nfrtn nfltn Whl th C h "rpnblt" fr th CC nd t fndn (oe v/7 1991 p bd t r lnth t th vrnnt th Cn nt drtl ntbl t n prtlr dprtnt (S Alxndr es comm

220 Whl th Stt h d t ll p ltr "ff th tbl" (Cn. Cpr n9 19 p1 n fr trd nttn ndr th Gnrl rff nd rd Arnt (GA t h lrd bn rd tht trff n prtd rl rrdn ll b phd t (Cn Cpr n9 19 p1 trll th 1 prt tx pld b th Cndn vrnnt n prtd rprdd rrdn fr nr h bn t hh t ll prt t ntn n th rt rhd nfnt z" A hv n t n rlt t t p nftrn nd dtrbtn t n Cnd Sn thn 95 f th nt bht thn th ntr hv bn nftrd t h (Cn. n v.600, 197 p1 h n ndtr rtd prvdn Cndn ntnl Ind hn t dvlp nd fr th ntt f Cndn rl t b nrd If th jr ( ppd t th ntnl nd n d bttr jb f xpn Cndn tlnt Gr h ld nt b -ptd b th Cndn ndpndnt rrdn ndtr nl ld dntrt tht Ind flttd th jr n thr 11

1 Intrtnl n n ttnt t th 197 Stndn Ctt n rdtn l nd Atn t th Art th CA rd th vrnnt hld p n prt tx n frn r f ppl nd n frn rrdn th th rvn n t dvlpn Cndn (tr 19 p37 11 It b dfflt t h tht Cndn nd r xpn tlnt o bttr nn th (rthr thn pl dtrbtn b th jr bt th d ll r Cndn t t nd t ll nd thrfr hrd nd th ll lbl hv thlv vn xpr t dvr ntlltn f tlnt

22 A rlt dtnt tn r hn vr th ftr f d n Cnd Or xntn f ACO nd th n rd hd tht dpt trtrl dvrt th ndtr thn Cnd nfd lbb rp Mt ppl n th ndtr r nt ln frrd t fr trd1 Yt n rprnttv f th Cndn ndtr hv bn nltd vr thr GA r th rth Arn r rd Arnt (AA p (Ca Comose n9 19 p vn thh th rvl f th trff brrr nd thr ll t hv prfnd pltn fr th

Sn t h t ll ppltn t b ntd ntr fr dnd ftr trff ll rbl th jr r ll t n n Cnd trrtr rrn n pl nftrn r dtrbtnl prvn GA thrfr h th ptntl t rv nftrn jb vn fr nn nd ntrl vr dtrbtn fr Cnd b nt th USA On brnh plnt n lnr hv t prt fr thn Cnd jr r-ntrlz thr nftrn nd A& dvn h hn r

1 r xpl dpt h v n Cnn vn r Alln th rrnt dtrbtn t ft nt tht h nd thr nr nn t th US jr n b t f th fl (Cn Cpr n 9 19 p

222 ll t ndrbl fft Cnd ntnl nd lbl

r th pnt f v f th ndpndnt rrdn ndtr ntl b n ppln f lnn th xpr f Cndn tlnt nd th lfr f th ndtr Yt t n nl r f Cndn bnd r nd fr thr aeaie nd13 n xtnt th th bt tht d nt n th jr r nt ntrtd n h 1 Yt th tp f rnt rtrt th rtr b hh rnz d Cndn rtt Entlt d l prvd ntxt fr th ntn tht n nd t prv Cndn rtt n th USA dppr n ppl rlz th Cndn rtt th lbrt r iee fr th Sth f th 9th prlll Whl t rn t d n h rnt hh r nt ppd t fr trd tht ndrn th th prbl th th prtlr nr tht t

13 rn nltn h d n rnt n t tt tht "Cltr nt thn ntr n t ht ntr h fr trd dl nt bt pttn t bt Cnd" (Caaia Comose n9 / p h fr h t b h rn ue o ecos fll th n ltrntv ndt Othr Cndn ndpndnt hv n h pl 1 hn •Gttn (pr h td "hr dtntv Cndn nd - ntbl rnh Cndn nd r ll r h 5 Gaes o Wa oos ouu aeake aies ec t Sn hr ltnn t t" It ld b rd tht th pplrt f th trnd prtl rlt f th nn pl f th jr hh ll h bnd xpr n lr US ltrntv/ll rt

22 vrtt th pr f nr dnd n Cnd A n nr t th th CC hv td tht Cndn brdtr ll b ntrl n ntrtn nd ntnn prt Cndn nd dntt n th ftr15 h hv th d n ntlt rnt (bt n n hh dtntvn ll b tvl ntrtd b tn tht th hrd nd pld n Cnd ll hv t b dffrnt t rvv Yt hn ltrntv ttn ppr th Cn nnt hlp th f th r nt n vbl 1

Irnll th ltt nrtn f Cndn bnd lrd ft th ld n f th r nl nd f hv hd td th ntr It prtnt tht th p- n Cndn bnd r vn fr pprtnt t xpr thlv hr n prbl tht b th d nt ppl t th lr lrtv bbbr dn th r lln t rltvl ll rrd bn dn nd hld lttl ppl t rd prrr r thr dvrtr Evn th xprt n n bnd tll f dfflt l th nd f pnrn brr

15 vd Clvll tn hrn f th CC h rd tht t n h ttn n ntrt t prvd "n nd dtntv Cndn prrn Othr th nt rvv n th rt" (oe v1/ 1991 p Al Kth Spr h d th thn (S Aeae pr

1 Coas 1 ae dtntv brdtr nd hv bn rfd n M ln (Goe a ai 5//93 pA9

224 nd nh prdt dvrtr t rh th rt ld t thr -prtn th ndtr bd h CAAS CI nd Mh M nd h hlpd pprt th n nrtn f Cndn bnd

Yt th r f hlp hv thr n dfflt nt lt b th pt ftr hlp fr r t th r f l f thr prdt r Grn vpnt prhp th jr prbl th pnrhp tht frn t r ll th lrt dr t ll th ll b pnrd f nr n prfrn t Cndn rtt (Maceas v95/3 19 p rthrr Cndn tlvn hv rthr prr ftr fr fr Cndn tlnt17 If th hn pl llr rl n pprtn Cndn t n thr n ntr n th ftr ntttn h th ACO nd CC b nrd t tp p thr tvt

h pbl pltn f fr trd p h GA nd AA pn th hl ttn r dfflt t

17 r tlvn fr trd n th f ll-C13 h aeay b prbl pt vr th rnrtn f nn-brdt bl rv nt tht n lr pblhn pn Wae Cae Music Caaa ntrtd t rtt t btt Mh M (rb v/ 1991 p Mh M h prvn n nvlbl fr fr n tlnt lttn th ntn br rtt t ntnl l hn prvl t fl n Ar r r nl prd h hnnl tlf th ttt trtrl prlt thr vr nfrtntl t ld n rvrt t bn p ttn n (e eco v11/35 199 p9

22 n th btrt n thr fft ld dpnd n hl vrt f ftr h nld th brnn rl f Erp rt fr Cndn t US nn dnd •nd th rv ntrpr f prtlr pblhr nd thr ndtr plr In ft n pbl r-ntrlztn n A& dn ht n frthr nr n drt nn th r Cndn rtt n fr ndpndnt t jr lbl lld t n lrd flln rtr f US t n th jr hr pblt tht l rtrtd trd bnft some Cndn rtt Althh fr trd r prvd ntrtn rnd fr pltn prhp t bttr t td ntr frl "trdn" th th jr nd thr th ndn t In tr f th tnl plr t prtnt t rlz tht th lbr f Cndn tlnt nt n tn; tht tznhp nd tlnt r prt thn Evn f llr ntr hv r prbl n ttn thr rtt rnzd h pl d nt ttll rt r r fr tlntd ppl pr hd f ppltn1 Exntn f th

1 h rnt tht Cnd ll ntr nd th hndp th quaiy f Cndn rtt h bn d b rtn ppl h fld b t nf th lt nd ntt f xpr f Cndn tlnt rhp th rt thn tht t n rnt d n ttpt t prtt Cndn r xpl CC hrn Kth Spr h drbd Arn "dtv prdt" (oe v1/1 199 p3 nd hn h n hr f CAAC hn Mll n lnd th ntr ndtr t ll t t th Olp hh "nnt n lr nbr f ld dl" (Ca Comose n1 195 p

226 ntr rvl tht hlpd b htrl ntnn hv rt th thr ltrl xprt19 Strtrlt v f prl b dfflt t tn n h ntn

On GA phd n Cnd n lnr b pl fr th jr nd th ftr f Cndn lbl dpnd pn hthr th n rvv b xprt If thr fr trd rnt r d Cnd rnn ntn pn ltrl vrnt h Cnn ld b hhlhtd bjt f dpt b frn trdn prtnr (ie Moes 1/9 p1 ndntll f phldn th ntn f pbl (Cndn ntrl f th rv nt nflt th n prtv1 A

19 A oc prn btn Cnd nd llnd r Atrl r dfflt b bth f th ntr hv thr n jr lbl Atrl jr esia (oke 199 p nt ntnd n th lr b t d nt xprt t Cnd Yt Atrl h prvd t blt t xprt v thr rrd pn thrh xllnt -rdntn f dffrnt pt f th ndtr nd vr nd lbl A n Cnd t hv hrd t ttn rpl n th f f ntl frt t h dpt An (ioa v11/ 199 pA rntl Arn bnd n h th n t ACO fndn r tld th hv t b Cndn tzn (e eco v1/ 199 p5 1 If Cnd d nt n h fr trd rnt th ptntl fr rtltr prttn b th USA rn nxplrd h drl Cntn Cn (CC hh th Arn bd th th jb th CC h n vlnt t Cnn n prntl t d nt nd t Althh t d nt hv th ffl ndt th CC n tr f prttn rv pbl prprt t h n pr "rd f l" vr brdtr nd h prvl d th pbl ntrt t rrb t tvt ( nff 19 p79

22 h ltrl pl drv frthr ttntn ptntl t n fr trd nttn

h rrnt rl f Cnn dpnd pn ht frt xn h rl h nt nd p h trl fr Cnd dnnt frt AC h b b f th pr-xtnt xprt prtv f Cnd nd lbl rthr thn l f prtnl dllr In hrt th lbl r nnrn xprt dl t htvr th nt t nd ftn th prfr t prt rtt h td AC frt Yt hv n bt thr rtr f th trl lfn Cnn rrntl prvdd b Cndn ndpndnt A Cndn ndpndnt pnd nl f ll prtnl dllr bt nt fr rnd 11 f th rt hr Cnn ndbtdl hlp t th ht d nt n tht ttn hh nt t t th n f lfn n lld b th rltn th (r pplr rtt fr th jr hv t pl n ndpndnt trl r n prrr n nprvn ht rrd l ll t t pld htvr lbl t n h f th jr ltnl rl Cnn trl bth nd nd td Cnd nd t b ht td th ntr t r ll t b nldd n th pl lt f Cndn ttn thn thr nprvn trl Indpndnt lbl

228 nnt l prt rtt brd th th pr f th jr nd thrfr l t n tht ntn

If Cnn pt thr r t r dt prbl fr th Cndn nd rtl Cnn fr prt f brdr nvrnnt f rl tht th CC ntt th rd ttn Wthn tht nvrnnt brdtr thlv th f ntnl nt (n th f th Cnn rl fndtnl rr th hh t lvr thr rltn t f th t v th l pdd brdtn nvrnnt It ld b rd tht hl blhn Cnn b t th dtrnt f Cndn rtt lln brdtr t t blr t br thr rl nt hlpn llr Cndn t rt dl

Sndl th -rt rl ( th hn t th MA t brht bt n th f ya Aams prtt ll rd prrr t lt r f thr Cnn t fr trl rld b th jr In rltn t Gr h ltrl prdtn n dffrnt

h Cndn brdtr hv l d vrn f th ntnl ntrt t ntn n rh t f prht fl r xpl th vrnnt nrn th vrn f th ntn prtrd b brdtr h ld t t prrtnt vr prtlr prht If th vrnnt nnt -prt th th II n ntrntnl xhn dl f rht p Cndn rtt ll nt b fll rnrtd fr th f thr n n thr ntn

22 fr rttn ltrtr b th prfrr h fr th f f pbl ttntn nt b th ntnlt th nrtr In h rtn f fll trt Grn nl th tnl plr nnt b ntrtd fr ntrl fr h frn nrtr h nt rlt f th n -rt rl n nr n th frn rtr nd tht l ll t n n nr n th prprtn f ll-prtd Cnn trl prvdd b th jr

pt th prbl th prnt rtn ll Cndn ndpndnt lbl n nvrnnt fr hh th n xpnd Evn thh t nt t dr n nln bt Cndn nd n th r dvr n nn nd fnnl blt th lbl r prtnt n prvdn dvrt f rtt t rt th l pnnt f th ntr tnl plr h nd h tht Cndn n lbrt thr fll rtt hthr th t r n t b dn ll brd r nt h n thn tttd b th Grt Cndn rt Yt rtt n ndpndnt h r rptd ntnll thn Cnd bt nfl td t h im Mice l thr dtrbtn flt n trff r phd t ht nn rll dpnd pn ht th jr dd t p n Cnd nd hthr th rntt th ntnl nd It b tht th jr tp dtrbtn lr

20 lln lbl r ffr t prd rtn rtt hl drppn thr

rhp t frthr nr th ndpndnt tr ld b t xtnd th Sll n vlpnt At t th rrdn ndtr rtn n nflx f prvt nvtnt hh ld fll th dfntn f tx br (Cn Mn v9/ 197 p3 It ld thn b p t th ndtr tlf t ppl th tlnt t p tlf vbl vn ftr GA

In frn jr r lrd prvdn h f Cnd tnl plr nd t ll th ll ntn t d ftr GA lbt th ptntll llr rtr f ll prtd bnd h ftr f Cnd ndpndnt tr nt rtn Whl th nt b prbl fr th vpnt f Gr h nll t ld b prbl fr Cnd

hv rntd fr dvr (nd frn l trnd hh r fd nd trnfrd t ntrtn n ppl n th USA Yt vn f n rtrpt Arn r h bn n xllnt ltrl rtft f t t nd pl th prtnt thn tht r tll prvd n xllnt fr n pprtnt t xpr htvr n nrtr nd Althh n rttn n th th f ntnl dntt r

2 rltvl rr tht d nt n tht th ffrt f n nnt npr thr fll tzn t fl ntnl prd rd n ntnl dntt d nt hv t ntrnll thrh th ntnt f th tlf bt tht ntnt t b nprn n t fll tzn 3 If (fr trtrl rn fr rt nt th bt t fltt th pr t nt b t th bt fr Cndn t dvn

A h r ca fltt Cndn nt ( t n fltt n thr tp f nt b t n pprtnt fr Cndn t b nprd th waee thr fll tzn hv dn It ld b rd tht nrnt nd th prtn f dvrt r thrfr vtl nrdnt hh ll hlp Cndn t t th bt tht th n Arttll GA ld b prbl fr nbd ntrtd n ntnn dvr nvrnnt n hh nd d b Cndn n flrh

Unl th Itln Stt n Gr h th Cndn fdrl Stt h td t rln t ntr pplr ltr h dvrt f trtr thrd ndr th brll f th ndtr t lt

3 r xpl prhp Cndn fn f ya Aams hld nt b nrd t "I l Aams nd h prd t b Cndn b h h ht Cndn n d" rthr thn "h d nt nd Cndn t bt I l t n"

22 nvtbl tht n Stt pl ll hv nntndd nn vr fr trd r n tht th Cndn fdrl Stt h t pl frn trdn prtnr ll Cndn tzn h th h hn th n hh Cndn hv tn p nd prtd r thn thr n ntr Whl t nt t tln ht th ll n n fr trd rnt t ll tht th ntr tnl plr ll b trnfrd n n

In th prdn p Gr h h bn d t prvd nvl vpnt fr hh t xplr th ln btn Cndn th ndtr bn t th Stt nd th ntn W hv n h nd h Cndn rtt hv b f nd t th th (nd thr hv d tht f rhp n f th t prtnt thn bt tht pr tht t h bn d pbl b tzn rn hrd thn th ndtr td th rht r th ntr Yt th prd fr th lt 19 t th rl 199 b n nl ph n th ntn ltrl htr n hh ntnl prptd th Stt t hlp n pt f th ndtr Sn th fdrl Stt tll n ntbl ntt t rn p t th tzn f Cnd t dd hthr th ft f thr ltr thn th nt t p h nvttn prntd hr t tht lln t t

2 dppr ld rprnt dtnt l t Cndn ntnl ltr

24 Glr AC Adlt Cntprr - frt f rd ttn pln ft pp r nd l blld AO Alb Orntd - frt f rd ttn pln a r bnd A& Artt nd prtr - h dvn f rrd pn rpnbl fr fndn nd nn n t An h Atrln rdtn rbnl rltn hh pf tht f n n Atrln rd hv t b Atrln n ntnt (E nr 199 p AISQ ( Atn t Sptl (A Qb ndtr tn b r: h lr nrtn brn jt ftr Wrld Wr II h hv b nr rp ht ftr b t brdtr nd dvrtr l d t thr lltv z CA Cndn Atn f rdtr Cnn: h CC rltn hh pf tht rtn prprtn f brdt prrn n Cnd h t b Cndn n ntnt CAAC Cpr Athr nd blhr Atn f Cnd - ln th rn t rnt prdr f SOCA CAAS Cndn Ad f rdn Art nd Sn (A ndtr d f pr bd n AAS CC Cndn rdtn Crprtn CIA Cndn Indpndnt rd rdr Atn CI Cnrt rtn Intrntnl CC Cndn d-lvn nd lntn Cn : An nrld rrdn d b bnd dntrtn ht th d C: (drl prtnt f Cntn Entl: h d tht thn h n n hh dtrn tht t hld b prtlr ( ht Cndn h nfn lt

2 ACO ndtn t At Cndn lnt On rd oma A l htt rtn prtlr nd dntt ftn rnd prtlr nr f It n fr brdtr t trt dn nt nd ppl t prtlr dvrtr aco A CC rltn n Qb hh pf tht frnphn rd ttn t pl rtn prprtn f frnphn n GA Gnrl Arnt n rff nd rd Gig A lv r h egemoy drhp - th dntn f n rp vr nthr hh xt th nnt fr th dntd rp Iie An ndpndnt rrd lbl rn ll t rl rrd nd rnzd n llr l thn lt- ntnl rprtn ( ewek ecos Mao A lr rrd pn rn prt f th prtn f n vn lrr nlrt h r r pn Sn - Soy Music ( CS r Enlnd hrn - EMI r llnd hllp - oygam r th USA Wrnr - WEA eise r Grn MG ( CA/Aioa t trff n prtd tp nd C th jr prntl hv Cndn brnh ll ffxd th "- Cnd" ( Soy Music-Caaa MA h rtn t bd n th rtr f th th rtt prfrn t th pl f prdtn nd rtr f th lr hh dtrn hthr n lf Cndn ntnt MCAG M Cprht Atn Grp M Mddl Of th d - rd ttn frt fr ldr ltnr pln f tl hh pplr bfr r bn t dnt th hrt n th lt 195 Muc Music Cnd ntnl r vd ttn MSICACIO Qb tr rnztn t ACO Musigue us Qb r vd hnnl AAS [Arn] tnl Ad f rdn Art nd Sn

26 OCA [h] rfrn ht Ornztn f Cnd - ln th CAAC t rnt prdr f SOCA omise o eomace h dnt h rd ttn prt f t ln ppltn t th CC pfn ht t ntnd t brdt sycogaics A t nt th rt bd pn th lftl nd tttd f rp thn t SOCA St f Cpr Athr nd blhr f Cnd Sucua imeiaism h d tht n ntr ltr n pntrt nthr soey b lrr hnr f d nd ltrl prdtn ntrlld b th nvdn ntr It pf tht ltr trll trnttd bt nr t ntnt aiy eease A rrdn rld b th bnd tlf rthr thn n td lbl ieoAC ndtn t At Cndn lnt n d (trtd b Mh M

2 blrph

rr Sr ( rnl Cntn n b t n h flln ppl r ntrvd mos seciie ey wee giig ei ow oiios ae a ose o ei ogaiaios ^tn Sn Alxndr nl Offr fr nvr CC ff tn^rnlt fr e eco t l t^rr rtr KISS M nnrhtn A&/blhn ewek ecos r rbrn rdr Wrrn Gll^Extv rtr rbr Cntr SU hntn^rr rtr CMI Shrn Kll^rdtn Atnt MhWt Mrtn b^rfr pt f Cntn SU n Mn^Snrtr + Mn th k _ag rr Mlln rntr MhWt In bl^lnt r rrp rdtn Ell O^Ex r f M Ind A n Obrn^Mbr ltn prnttv SOCA rd hllp^rr rtr 953 M l hrbrn rr rtr dAC Uftn^Atnt rr/M r COAS 1 Alf Wll rtn A&M ecos

h ppl bl nt rttn nfrtn M Attn Cntn rdntr ACO ll^Extv rtr n Ard (CAAS hn Gttn^ttl Mntn Snd Std

28 Ellt f^Altlnt r MCA-Cnrt Cnd M MClnt^vn Cnd Ex brr Ott n n^r Mrtn/Spl rjt CY

( h flln jrnl nppr nd zn hv bn rfrnd thn th txt om Caaa rth Clb prt Clr rld Cndn n Cndn Cpr (SOCA pbltn Cndn Mn Chtln Edntn rnl h nnl t nnl f Cnd Gr Strht h Glb nd Ml lfx Chrnl rld Mln Mzn Mrtn Mntrl Gztt M Sn (rn dntnd pbltn Ott Ctzn rfrn Art nd Entrtnnt n Cnd lb Strt rb ( pplnt t Cndn Cpr h rvn

2 h rd rnt Str nvr Sn Wnnp r r

om Ameica llbrd Cr Gtr lr lln Stn

om iai f & ( pplnt t h Mld Mr M W

( prt nfrtn ht nd thr trl (ftn prvdd b ntrv r d CAAS 199 CAAS -199 n t Sht CY 199 CASY r Kt CC 19 ^aio eguaios 19 (S Cnd Gztt rt II SO/-9 1/9/ p19 -19 e eo o e askoce o oacasig oicy (b Cpln Gnd Sv Ott Mntr f Sppl nd Srv Cnd -1991 Amemes o aio eguaios 19 -199 h MA St t Sht Ct 1--9 ACO 199 Annl prt [1t Aprl 1991-31t Mrh 199] -199 lnt Ard Appltn r btt 1991 h hn btt 1991 Annl prt Mln 199 h Mln Cpn td Annl prt

240 Sttt Cnd 19 Snd rdn Cltr Sttt Ct 7- -199 On Cltr Cltr Sttt Ct 7- -1991 On Cltr 33 Cltr Sttt Ct 7- -1991 Cnd 15th Annvrr Yrb

r Cnd 199 Caaa ae Guie ndn hnx

24 Sndr Sr Andrn . 193 Ind Cnt fltn n th Orn nd Sprd f tnl ndn r nnt e a (d 19 plr Cltr nd Sl ltn hldlph Opn Unvrt r rn 1991 Sn fr th h Grdn Cltrl Std 53 pp37-357 nff S 19 rnhd Gld h rd Indtr vtd rn rntn br 197 Antn Gr Sltn r Cltrl Wrtn [v] Itln Qrtrl 5 97 pp17-17 Etzrn K (e 1973 M nd St h tr Wrtn f l nh rnt hn Wl & Sn 1975 n nd Cnn n th thht f Antn Gr ltl Std 31 pp9- thrln 1991 S Sn E n Cndn Snrtr Kntn Ontr Qrr r r - nd ll-Sth G 195 Antn Gr Sltn r Cltrl Wrtn ndn rn nd Whrt - 199 Itln Cltr n th Indtrl Er Yr Mnhtr Unvrt r tr 19 rdtn l vlpnt Ott rnft Cntn rth S 19 M fr lr Cbrd lt r 1991 Anl-Ar nd t ntnt Cltrl Std 53 pp3-9 Gll W 1993 n An nd plr M h rtht Snd 195-19 h Cndn Grphr 37 pp1-131 Gltn nd Atn 191 d Cbl rttn Cnr ht Otrnt Qb Cndn Atn fr ttr rdtn Gddrd nd Kn 199 Shn All Ovr h nll Yr n Cnd rnt MGr-ll rn Grnt . 19 Ar h Grt vd Ittn nd Infltn n Cndn M h rnl f Cndn Std 11 pp11-17

242 Gr E (e 199 n f Cnd prt v f ht Cnd I ht t ht t b nd ht t ht b Wdvll Ontr Cndn Sph Grbr 199 W Gtt Gt Ot Of h l Yr tld Grn 19 plr Cltr nd ltl rt rnt Grnd r ll S 197 Mrx nd Cltr dl tr v 1 pp5-1 rtl W 19 Apprhn Gr Cltrl lt Itln Ortrl 5 97 pp171-1 bdd 19 dn In h ht ndn tld rt 1957 U f tr Mddlx nn ndl M t a 1977 h nld t I n Cndn Cntn nvr l td thn 1991 Splttn I Oxfrd Oxfrd Unvrt r nr E 199 Cntprr M & Crl d Md Infrtn Atrl pp-3 Kn 195 rn Ad Wt Wnn b n 19 h M Indtr nd th "Cltrl Iprl" h Md Cltr nd St pp-331-31 nd Old K 19 ndp Sptl Wrld r nd th Cltr f r Cnptn St nd Sp pp191-1 tt 1991 h M Cn Arnztn nd Cndn Cltrl tnl On Qrtrl 9 pp375-37 Mrtn nd Srv K 19 Ant- h Opptn t nll Cnntt Arhn Mhn M 19 Undrtndn Md h Extnn f Mn rnt MGr ll Mll nd n 197 rn rzn Cnd 1111 pp5-59

24 M C 19 Irn ndn Mthn bl 197 h Mrxt Mntrl A ndb n Cnt Sbvrn f M l Olh Arn Chrtn Cll r Or 199 rn Ad Ontr tzhnr nd Whtd ttrn 1975 t n th htrl ppltn f Mrxt Cltrl hr Sn nd St 391 pp57-91 rdn 19 Mn It n th M n Cnnnt Wrtr t A 197 Gr n Itln Cltrl tr rx p17-113 G 197 h Mlnhl Sn An Intrdtn t th hht f hdr W Adrn ndn Mlln ll (e 19 tnl n Cnd rnt MGr-ll Shphrd 1993 l nd r n M An Enlh Cndn rptv (n lndll t l (d ltn Cltrl Std Yr tld Shrr 1991 rn n th USA h Mth f Ar n plr M Mpp Mpp Unvrt r lr 195 plr M Sn 1955 A Crtl Gd t th trtr tn GKll lnn 1991 Cltrl Iprl ltr hn pn Unvrt r Wll nd Ml K 19 Snd fr Sll pl h M Indtr n Sll Cntr ndn Cntbl Wll 197 Krd Yr Oxfrd Unvrt r Wd SE 193 h Mln S 173-13 rnt bld Wrht 197 "r Cfrt Mr pr" Cndn plr Mn nd th l f tnl 19-197 h rnl f Cndn Std pp7-3 -1991 "G Shltr" Obrvtn n ltrl prttn nd th rrdn ndtr n Cnd

Cuua Suies 53 pp3 - 31

244 Yr 1971 Ax Chp & t h Cndn M Sn Edntn rt

24 Aei 1 QUEEC As A Sog egio? Mn frnphn fr Qb thr htrl rl nd dntt thn Cnd r thn tht f jt nthr prvn A trn rn t ld b rd tht Qb n b n r f th prbl fd t lrr l b Cnd vr t t oy l th nr th n hh th dr ntxt f Cnd imiges n t th rvn nd rv t dpltz t prtt fr n Cnd Qb tn rt fr th ttl ppltn f 5 lln ppl n 199 (Caaa ae Guie r Cnd 199 p1 Yt th rt l ll d t t rltv hnt n ln nd ltr Sl fr n th prvn fr frnphn ht n b prbl t th fr ht n ll f Enlh Cnd r xpl n n r ln 7 frnphn rrd ld vr 1 h n th prvn (Maceas v/ 199 p On Mln rtl b Wn Grb drbd ht lld th "Arnztn" f Qb rtt nd td tht ntll th prvn ln t dtnt ntnt Crll h l r ddrd t n Enlh pn dn t ld b rd th t rprnt n Qb nd lt t n t dl f Cnd dtnt lnt nd thn t b esee n nfd b prtlr ln nd l nn td th prvn Qb ltr prvdd n prtnt hn fr ntnlt rtr t prtr ltrl r n prtlr n xpl t th rt f th ntn nd l t pl dn th pblt tht t ld b thrt t ntnl nt Grb rd tht rdtn n lrl th pvd th fr nlphn nd fnll Enlh lr h pr n prptll n-n In th 197 th rtv nd ndtrl prdnt r pntd t th llp f th casoies; oe Caeois hftn f ttntn fr rrl th t rbn trt tl; th brrd f pp-r h hn lrtd btn 1979 nd 19 hn lfl pp nr iae e nd fl- rr aie aoie b pplr nll b th 19 nr r bnnn t trn fr thr n tl nd ln All f th prntd vdn hv bn tr bt t ld l b rd tht th ptr seecie prtrl ntrprtn htr n rtn In th rl 19 trnd h th eees (ttv frnphn tn dl l Mice ouaie nd e ye-ye 1 r f n rr f Glr b Wn Grb (Mceas v95/1 19// p3-

246 nd h tht n Qb nt dnhn rr td th dr l fbr nd prt fr nlphn nfln At th t Arn fl nt nl tltd rnt n bt pvd th fr trn rtltn f Qb prt b th casoies h hnnnr bn rp f n nr-nrtr h fnd fr n th frt oie a Casos (ff h hh pnd nr Mntrl n 19 h nxt r e aio n Mntrl b ntr f tvt h d t e th trnd f pn lr nd th fr frn r r Grb th nfln hd aeay bn rd l prvdd vhl t xpr th nrn f e Queecois th • tr h Gies igeau Moique eyac nd n th Seec lbl aymo eesque (oio Caaa v1/111 p 5 h dr n th l f htr hnnnr nd pt t fr th frt drn tnd fr tn n n n Cnd vn bfr nlphn rtt th ntnnl fvr bn xplrn ptrt th In Qb th hnnnr vnt dd t nt th 197 d t l f fr nd th pltl ntrn f prtt plt Mn Qb rtt flld ya n n ltr n trnd hh b nn th Mouai See nd oe Caeois rd hr Wht Grb rtl dd eosiio th rtt Caeois hd tll d bjt r rlvnt nd l rnt t rbnt hl (dpt ttpt t rpl td Qb rtnn trn blf n prtz Whn thr r ttpt t xprt h h th nnnl frnphn nl ieg th fld 1975 h hd dvlpd rlr l pttrn f 5 rrd n Qb th nbr n rn nd nn td S t hrd t drb h bndnn th ltr f Qb Al t t b ntd tht thr r prn d btn Caeois nd ya bt th r d b th Egis seakig ess t tt n nnn rtt fr t rdr3 In th rl 197 rth bnd h Geesis pt n thtrl t n lr rn nd tdr ftvl t h thr plx nd ndlnt lb n tl tht b nn om ock n n Qb bn t pprt hndfl f pp r tft nldn Oeac amoium

In n ntrv t n l h h vn trnd vr n h hd lft n th tbl t r th Qn hd nt hn (Maceas v7/9 9/7 p 3 S ae b n dd (n Maceas v/ /9 p

24 nd eau ommaae h rjtd th ft trn th nd rrl rnttn f th hnnnr Caeois Oeac was vr pplr t hh rptnd b Grb nlphn vrn f Qb r htr h bn n 1971 nd dbndd n 195 ftr tlv lb nd rr hh lr t xpl f bnd tn p th pr f r nd n t thr n thr t n Cnd th bn b dn vr f Arn ht bt thn vd nt nn n rnh nd l Caeois xplrd Qb th n oua (frnh trt ln h hd tht r ld b n ll n rnh nd th b rl fr Qb fn Oeac thn hd tll bn prt f n nl t dd n hh Qb plld tlf fr nlphn nfln thr thn seig ou t nlphn nfln th tll pt th t n -ptn Qb fn Mrvr th 197 hd bn rd b rtvtn nd xpr f tpt f frnphn ltr n thr r f Cnd h Aaie th rnh n fr Cp rttn In th 19 th trnd Oeac hd prd ff ntnd; bnd t th tp f rnll pld b nlphn nd n n rnh vr t S td n r h uace nd es hl thr t n dn tl h t nldd o Soa nd r rntl Misou Al thr hv bn p-n t n th vn nldn oga Maame nd Mau Mau It prtnt t rlz th ndtrl ntxt thn hh th bnd prt Qb h hd trn htr f t n lbl h Seec hh rld trl fr th casoies nd r rntl Isa nd aic In rn nbr f l bdt prtn hv bn bl t n r t n th prvn thn th jr Whl th ndtr hv dlnd nt th 19 t r n ftr rvn C fnd ftr 195 Al th rrvl f th prvnl r vd ttn Musigue us n 19 hlpd nrt xpr fr rtt n ll lbl Whl Qb h l nbr f n ppl pln r thn th rtt thr ppl t ll nd fr prt f n ntrln moe u secace th tr ppr n dvrtn tlvn dr nd thr ntrtnnt ll n vd nd rrd (Maceas v/ 199 p5 Al t h th hht l hr f rd pr ltnr f n prvn n Cnd A n f xpr rd n Qb t f trl hr r S h tht n th r th bnd plt p ld nr Grr lt ld r tht th Qb ndtr n dd n th r bndnn thr ltr n fvr f tht fr th USA (Goe a Mai 5/7/9 pC1

n nlphn rd ttn n th prvn nd th jr blnt dtrbt thr nlphn prdt thr lhr h t fl t n Qb r Enlh pn vtr nd Qb t t lt hd n ll lb rt r pr ntrt5 Yt ttn hh r frnphn n thr omise o eomace r rltd b th CC frnphn ntnt rltn (nn fr n n aco h fft f rnn n frnphn dfflt t prt fr pnrhp prt hrt rd prtn nd fdrl fndn Crtnl hl th nt rlt ptv t l ltd rnphn rrd nl fr f ll rl n th prvn t th rnn t n t t 55 f th n pld Evn hn th t hhr n 19 frnphn trl frd f rt nd rnd 11 f fnl l (Maceas v95/1 19// p Wht th h tht hl th tt f prvn nnt b lltd frnphn dprprtntl fl pll n frnphn lbl ftn hv l prtnl bdt h frnphn ntn t fr vr nrt n Qb rthrr frnphn n Qb hd bn trdtnll pt lv b fndn lrr dn fr t n rn r xpl Grb ntd tht aie aoie nflnd b oi Mice nd e eaes hd rrdd n f h lb (nd n lv n n Enlh o ptv rpn fr frnphn fn pln nblln l f ltr Yt aoie tll nt n t d vr ll n rn bt nt n th nlphn rld rnh dn n th 19 nd 197 lvd th xt nt nd n f Qb nr vr hl Wll nd M (19 r tht rn h prvd rtnt t frn d t t z th ntr h trnfrd fr bn ltrl xprtr (pll f fl n th 19 t jr prtr f fr th Anlphn rld n th 191 rnphn Qb rtt r n 5 rnphn dn r d t nlphn r tht th Cnd hvn ht brd ll d th pblt f ht t h r ll r n rtt l aoie th Qb n h prvn t ltn n th r pr nd dn tr f n ll tr pplr n th prvn fr t ln prd t l ll t n b fr frn 7 h h n ft tht n 199 n ndrrtr fr r ppntd t bth ptr th th vt nd dr th nfln f Anl-Arn r (Cagay ea 11/1/9 pC

24 bnnn t emi thr trl t fll thn th nvntn f Anlphn r rd fr xprt t rn h rtnl h tht th ltrl fr f ntr nt ll rltd t t z h trtr f th ndtr nd th ppl f th prtlr t n tht Qb f prbl t r t prt nlphn thn t t nd frnphn t f th prvn Mrvr th p trnd hd Qb frntl ln f nfnt Anlphn trnd nd rp t th xtnt tht t t h lbrtd nlphn rp bfr th rt f Cnd h r dvr Skiy uy Sueam nd e Gysy Kigs (nn rhtn es comm; Ca Musicia v13/ 1991 p3 Al ffrt b Enlh Cndn t ntr th f nltn hv bn n nd ptd h nldd hrt tr b uce Cocku th Cndn ntnnl n Ca-a-a b oy Gimy nd prpd dt fr nt nl b ya Aams nd Ceie io (ooo Sa /7/9 p C rl ll ttpt n th ppt drtn hv fld Caeoiss nl pld nl n th ll hr b nlphn rd prrr; th tr f CAO ( frnphn rp fr Sdbr Ontr nd Mice ia (e-eau ommage r npplr nd vn rnphn prtr oc oisies lb sug i Egis fld (e oice //9 pC5 Onl rnhn asigue eas ew Wae nl Sa ai ou Moi frnphn ht n bth d f th prvnl brdr (Maceas v9/ 9//1 p3 h n rhth rn plntd t nnn lr t hft ttntn fr t ln Crtnl fr frnphn rp t n n Enlh n jr trnd f th lt dd h prtv t n n Enlh b trn n th lt 19 tht bnd h Maame hh n n rnh r prptll tnd b th pr t h th dd (Ca Comose n3 19 p h prr rn t n n Enlh n nlphn n ld ptntll lrr rt nd th n th nh pprt fr rr nr h prbl th th tht th ffrt f h rp rrl ld ll n nlphn trrtr rthr th t rll fl rp fr th prvn (Coey a Me Wiou as nd e o n th lt 19 hd ll n n Enlh S bnd ld bltr thr rnt fr nn n Enlh th rtt rn rnh hd bn td th trdtnl nd mie o e oa (r n f thr prnt nrtn; Enlh pprntl n r ln n hh t rt nd n r vr Oeac hd n n oua nd d t r t ld b tht th bnd nldn ime Casue r ln fr

20 rtv rn t jtf th f n (Ca Comose n 197 p pt th th ll fd n prbl d t thr h f ln Mice ia bht p th dl tht At fr b nn Enlh lr r vn p n lnt f thr ltr; vrd jtf h n n n rnh d t thr fl nd tht rnh l lh ldn ln (Cagay-ea /1/ pC h rnt dptbl t ntlz pt f rt nd "vn p" n dffrn ll thr t b ntd h rp r lrnn t nt thr nrn t dr dn In ft th jr n rnt ndrd th

bnd nt t trn nd thr th t rnl lthh th jr ll fnd x t trn nlphn t t Mrvr th d dtrbt frnphn t h Misou n Isa-Soy It ll th rn fr f nfnt nn fr Qb prtl ttr f l l Anlphn Cndn hv trdtnll nrd Qb rrd nd nt nl d t thr pr prtnl bdt d rltnt t pl frnphn n th dd nt hr t ht nd d nlphn dn ld b bth nfd nd drvn b t h nrd th pr f th bt n frn rrd hh hd nflnd th prfrn f frnphn fn h nlphn pr tndd t nr Qb rtt ntl th t dd ll n thr n prvn h t vd hn pr hr n Muc Music h th rt f th ntr ht frnphn t r dn bt th xpr h nt nfntl nrd thr l Anlphn Qb bnd rrl t pld; Ceie io was l xptn n th rpt n h nd drt t US jr (iacia imes o Ca 1//91 p1 In fft thr r vr hn n Cnd prtn t p Qb ltr i is ace nd thrfr p Qb bnd frnphn rnn tlf r ntlt thn Grn n nl Cnn th CC d pf n lnt f th ntnt f ltr rnn prtlrl prtnt b nl Cnn t rll d rlt t th ntnt f n lb rthr thn h n t Whl t bnft th rtt hn t n n rnh t ld b rd tht rnn ntrnt n Qb rtt hn t t thr td th prvn nd nt th nlphn rld A l f fndn fr bth M Atn nd ACO r l bv ntrnt r vr ntt nd rd rn In th d ht th nl fftd pt

2 f rltvl nfl bnd bt n th r n dl fr rltvl jr rtt It nfr t tht rtt hv brht thr prdnt pn thlv hn rll th r bth rn th t f n pprtnt nd hld b fr t h htvr ltrl dntt th nt h ntrtn thn tht hn fr th aioa lvl r n fft h CC th r lnth n f th fdrl vrnnt hh vr th rv n Cnd fr nfd t f pbl prprt It ntrprt th pbl th ll rthr thn ntnl nt; t t nr th tn f h frnphn ltr fr nd h dd vr t n ntnl ht d nt n tht th CC rlt rv n th prvn tht nrnt (r t lt nnt fr br f th Qb vrnt r thr prvnl nhbtnt Wht t n tht rnn b nt th h f f th ppl t drtl fft ll n brdtr nd thr ltnr Unfrtntl th rhtr f isic sociey tnd t bth th th prvnl l frtn ntrtd n dr fbr nd th pprtnt fr prnl h n th

At th 199 n rd Misou fld t vn t nntd fr th frnphn lb tr n hr lb jt d th rnn rrd Ceie ios bd fr f n th USA th hr nlphn lb Unn nt h fll fl f nt nl Cnn nd rnn bt rvd th AISQ rd fr bt nlphn lb f th r; hh h rfd n t (Moea Gaee /7/9 pA3

22 Aei Cages I CC aio eguaios h frt ln h th nth nd r h rltn hnd h nd rrd th prnt f seecios rrd t t th Cnn t n AM nd M h thrd ln h th nbr f MA pnt n ndd t b ntd Cnn h frth ln ntn th prd vr hh Cnn ld b vrd fr ttn l h ffth ln rrd th prnt f ht prrr r lld pl vr ll nd th xth ln h h n t pr th n pl h ht n nll th vnth ln ntn th nbr f frt n AM nd M; lrr nbr n r thrfr r nrr nd hhl pfd frt It prtnt t rlz tht d frt v brdtr th pprtnt t pl dr vrt f AM frt r pfd n h ttn pr f prfrn bt nl M th r nt pld n th ttn dl tvt t Cn MA vr t pt rt M/Y^AM M pt prd^n M / AM M 1/1971 3 ^1 hr^5 1 1^1 1/197^^ 1/1975^ ^ /19 Gn fr Cn M n M 86 v ftr ? 199 4. 3 1991 3 r Exptn n rt ( fr hrt 1/199 Cndn ht n xptd fr frt r 1/199 Elntd /1993 -rt vn 1 pt xtr

(Mn Sr aio eguaios 19 Amemes o 1991 CC; Ca Comose v57 1971 p3; Sn Alxndr d tff f Coas 1 CMI KISS M nd 953 A es comm

2 Aei 3 CI M1sos a aas i e 19s

Yr CI Mln btt 1 n Ar nd b t rh Mrhnd fr btt pnr rr p 3 hd t f th Sn fr r Knd thtr pnrhp dl nr rnt b US th CI fr fr drlndr "7 fr" th fl + rd brdt rht t Krn Adpt thfl Apprh CI bt (rhndn dvrtn thr dl fl rp nd prtnr trt fr Ml th pr US prtr Ch Cndn br t bn Sllvn t fnh Mln l jn nrt prtn e acksos tr th r n n ndpndnt CI ttpt bt bddn t th prtr fl t pbl CC fr nd tn n b vd ntr llr prtr th Gr vr t hld n rnt Mpl f Grdn 5 Crt rl tht U Srrtt thr prtr n rtn fr th Mpl f aium oe Grdn bt th Cndn tr n t p CI hh aas is e omoe Stp n t hlp St p bbtt CAAS bn l v Entrt vn pnrhp r Crp th nd rrd Srrtt bt t b prtl nnt t b bn t CI vn r hn t

24

Yr CI^ Mln btt ^ 7 Undrrt th (t n 197 Mrp l bbtt p $5 ftvl fr 5 t prtnr Chl hr rnt n CI = rh + tnl t (C Yt CI pblz nrt h jt vr r nd t lft th Mln p nthr 5 CI tr pnrhp dl 9 oig Soes Strt th ake St prtnr r rrnd b Cae pn + n nd pnr n t thr r th f CI nr; tl th OKf hh nt n IMA bn Mln fl v bbtt dvrtn trl vr h fr th ntn 9 C rn fll Wn rt pprt Attpt Spr f Mpl f nd prtnr MCA Crt njntn Grdn ll v Mln-MCA nt Mln tt prntn nrt Cnd t tp th fr pr fr; b trtn prt Sptbr th nrt prtn bn th brt fr hl tll lnt tr C tr 91 Enlt Coi Stp n t jn ames + Qb C vrnnt n Ei eguie fr fndn Music 91 ake Cae n nvr r nd bld Mln (n th ddl f l n rnt hh Mln t n th r n rd Mln Cndn br ll r thn btt l n Ontr ^ 9 CI pnrhp ntrt t n nd nd Mln prt + pnr h Grt Cndn ay + ya Aams (Mn Sr ooo Sa 3//5 pA3; 9/11/ p1; Ca usiess v5/ 195 p; Ca Musicia v/5 195 p1

2 Aei e isoy O Awas I Caaa Yr n CASY Othr Ard 19 M zn rdr pll 197 Gld f Ard prntd t rn 1971 nd n flln ntt 1975 CAAS t p nd rd n CC tlt 197 CAAS t vr 1979 AISQ lx rd l nht bn 19 C-CAAS bn Wt Ct M rd 191 CASY bn CY "U Kn" = Spf n n rnt d 19 CASY frl n l htl 193 o rd pprt fr U Kn 19 lx rd thr 3 n tr pn t pbl vt 195 Mln nd CASY pprhd b + t ntnl CAAS nd r bllt n t pnr n Gaii Mzn; rd ntr ntnl 197 Mln pnr t 19 Cn ntrtnr CC tlv f th r rd CASY hn b pbl 199 SOCA rd bn 1991 n hld CASY rtrn t n nvr rd ntr drn M 91 nl 199 rt ll-Cndn btt drp bt n rd vr An+S dpt (Sr n t Sht; CASY r Kt; Ca Comose n1 195 p1; v1/3 199 p1

26

Top View