EIA & EC for Kathalchari Field Development, Block

EIA & EC for Kathalchari Field Development, Block (AA-ONN-2002/1), Tripura

Final EIA Report

Prepared for:

Jubilant Oil and Gas Private Limited

Prepared by:

SENES Consultants India Pvt. Ltd.

June, 2016

EIA for development activities of hydrocarbon, installation of GGS & pipeline laying at Kathalchari

FINAL REPORT

EIA & EC for Kathalchari Field Development, Block (AA-ONN-2002/1), Tripura M/s Jubilant Oil and Gas Private Limited

For on and behalf of SENES Consultants India Ltd

Approved by Mr. Mangesh Dakhore Position held NABET-QCI Accredited EIA Coordinator for Offshore & Onshore Oil and Gas Development and Production Date 28.12.2015

Approved by Mr. Sunil Gupta Position held NABET-QCI Accredited EIA Coordinator for Offshore & Onshore Oil and Gas Development and Production Date February 2016

The EIA report preparation have been undertaken in compliance with the ToR issued by MoEF vide letter no. J-11011/248/2013-IA II (I) dated 28th January, 2014. Information and content provided in the report is factually correct for the purpose and objective for such study undertaken.

SENES/M-ESM-20241/June, 2016 i JOGPL EIA for development activities of hydrocarbon, installation of GGS & pipeline laying at Kathalchari

INFORMATION ABOUT EIA CONSULTANTS

Brief Company Profile

This Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) report has been prepared by SENES Consultants India Pvt. Ltd. SENES India, registered with the Companies Act of 1956 (Ranked No. 1 in 1956), has been operating in the county for more than 11 years and holds expertise in conducting Environmental Impact Assessments, Social Impact Assessments, Environment Health and Safety Compliance Audits, Designing and Planning of Solid Waste Management Facilities and Carbon Advisory Services.

Addresses of SENES offices across India are as below:

Noida (Head Office): Mumbai: 3rd Floor, Tower B, Logix Techno Park, 103, Akruti SMC, Khopat Junction Plot No. 5, Sector – 127, Noida Uttar Thane (W), Mumbai – 400 Pradesh -201301 Tel: +91-22-27576298 Tel: +91-020-4368400 Fax: +91-22-27564781 Fax: +91-020-4368401 Kolkata : Hyderabad: Stesalit Tower 305, Third Floor, 6th Floor, E 2-3, 12-13-97, Tata Tycoon Tarnaka EP &GP, Block Hyderabad – 500017 Sector V, Salt Lake Tel: +91-40-40180801 Kolkata – 700091 Fax: +91-40-40180802 Tel: +91-33-23578070/73

QCI/NABET Accreditation Status

As on date, SENES has been granted accreditation by the Quality Council of India / National Accreditation Board for Education & Training (QCI / NABET) vide Certificate No. NABET/EIA/RA016/040 valid up to March 5, 2017. The certificate of accreditation is enclosed in the following page.

SENES/M-ESM-20241/June, 2016 i JOGPL EIA for development activities of hydrocarbon, installation of GGS & pipeline laying at Kathalchari

Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA - “EIA & EC for Kathalchari Field Development, Block (AA-ONN-2002/1), Tripura

I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA.

EIA coordinator: Mangesh Dakhore (inhouse)

Period of Involvement: Feb 2014-Dec 2015

Signature:

(Note: Since Jan 2016 Mangesh involvement was discontinue as he has resigned)

EIA coordinator: Sunil Gupta (Empanelled)

Period of Involvement: Feb 2016-July 2016

Signature:

Team Member: Assisted EC during the entire project

Name: Girish Shukla

Period of involvement: February 2014 till July 2016

Signature and Date:

Contact information: Arcadis India Pvt. Ltd. 3rd FLOOR, TOWER B, LOGIX TECHNO PARK PLOT NO. 5 SECTOR 127, NOIDA, UP

SENES/M-ESM-20241/June, 2016 ii JOGPL EIA for development activities of hydrocarbon, installation of GGS & pipeline laying at Kathalchari

Functional area experts:

Involvement Functional Signature and S. No. Name of the expert/s (period and areas date task**)

Feb’14 – Debanjan 1 AP March’15 Bandyopadhyay

Feb’14 – Feb’ 2 WP Dhritiman Ray 15

Feb ’14 – Dec 3 SHW Mangesh Dakhore ’15.

Feb’14 – 4 SE Ranjit Mukherjee Feb’15.

February’14- 5 EB Abhishek Roy Goswami Feb 15

AQ Feb’14 – 6 Debanjan Bandopadhaya March’15 AP

July ’14 – Feb 7 AQ Girish Shukla ( assisted 2015 A category FAE)

Debanjan Mar ’14 – 8 NV Bandyopadhyay March ‘15

Debanjan Mar ’14 – 9 LU Bandyopadhyay March ‘15

SENES/M-ESM-20241/June, 2016 iii JOGPL EIA for development activities of hydrocarbon, installation of GGS & pipeline laying at Kathalchari

Involvement Functional Signature and S. No. Name of the expert/s (period and areas date task**)

July ’14 – Feb 10 LU Girish Shukla ( assisted 2015 A category FAE))

March’ 14– 11 RH Mangesh Dakhore December’ 15,

Declaration by the Head of the accredited consultant organization/ authorized person

I, Mainak Hazra, hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts prepared the EIA & EC for Kathalchari Field Development, Block (AA-ONN-2002/1), Tripura. I also confirm that the consultant organization shall be fully accountable for any mis-leading information mentioned in this statement.

Signature:

Name: Mainak Hazra

Designation: Head of Environment

Name of the EIA consultant organization: ARCADIS India Pvt. Ltd. NABET Certificate No. & Issue Date: NABET/EIA/1013/43 & 21st March 2014

Functional Area S. N Complete name of the Functional Areas Code

1 AP Air Pollution Prevention, Monitoring & Control

2 WP Water Pollution Prevention, Control & Prediction of Impacts

3 SE Socio-Economics

4 EB Ecology and Biodiversity

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5 AQ Meteorology, Air Quality Modeling & Prediction

6 NV Noise/ Vibration

7 LU Land Use

8 RH Risk Assessment & Hazard Management

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Abbreviation

ALARP As Low As Reasonably Practicable BIS Bureau of Indian Standards Block Kathalchari Field BOD Biological Oxygen Demand BOP Blow out Preventer Cd Cadmium CGWB Central Ground Water Board COD Chemical Oxygen Demand CPCB Central Pollution Control Board Cr Chromium CSR Corporate Social Responsibility Cu Copper DFO Divisional Forest Officer DG Diesel Generator DGH Directorate General of Hydrocarbons DMP Disaster Management Plan DO Dissolved Oxygen EC Environmental Clearance ECO Environment Compliance Officer EGIG European Gas Incident Group EGIG European Gas Pipeline Incident Data Group EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EMC Environment Management Cell EMP Environment Management Plan EPIs Environmental Performance Indicators EQIs Environmental Quality Indicators ERT Emergency Response Team ERT Emergency Response Team ESDs Emergency Shut Down ETP Effluent Treatment Plant FC Forest Clearance GCS Gas Compressor Station GGS Group Gathering Station GLC Ground Level Concentrations

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GoI Government of India GAIL Gail (India) Pvt. Ltd. HC Hydrocarbon HFL High Flood Level HDD Horizontal Directional Drilling HDPE High Density Polyethylene HSD High Speed Diesel HSE Health, Safety and Environmental ITOPF International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature & Natural Resources JOGPL Jubilant Oil and Gas Private Ltd. KLD Kilo Liter per Day KW Kilo Watt LEL Lower Explosive Limits LFL Lower Flammability Limit LOC Level of Concern LOC Level of Concern MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forests MSDS Materials Safety Data Sheets NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards NABET National Accreditation Board for Education and Training NABL National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories NELP New Licensing Policy NH National Highway NIHL Noise Induced Hearing Loss NOx Oxides of Nitrogen NRSA National Remote Sensing Agency O&G Oil & Gas OCS Oil Collection Station OGP Oil and Gas Producers OREDA Offshore Reliability Data OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration Pb Lead PEL Petroleum License PM Particulate Matter PMP Petroleum & Mineral Pipelines

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PPAP Pollution Prevention and Abatement Plan PPE Personnel Protective Equipment PSC Production Sharing Contract PUCC Pollution Under Control Certificate QCI Quality Council of India QRA Quantitative Risk Assessment RADD Risk Assessment Data Directory RF Reserved Forest RFCC Residual Fluid Catalytic Cracking R&R Relocation and Resettlement SAR Sodium Adsorption Ratio SCADA Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition

SO2 Sulphur Dioxide SOPs Safe Operating Procedures SPCB State Pollution Control Board SPL Sound Pressure Level SWMP Storm Water Management Plan TDS Total Dissolved Solid TDS Total Dissolved Solids TG Tea Garden TSS Total Suspended Solids UEL Upper Explosive Limits UKOPA UK Onshore Pipeline Operators Association VOC Volatile Organic Compound WBM Water Based Mud WLS Wild Life Sanctuary WMP Waste Management Plan WOAD Worldwide Offshore Accident Databank WOAD World Offshore Accident Database

SENES/M-ESM-20241/June, 2016 iii JOGPL EIA for development activities of hydrocarbon, installation of GGS & pipeline laying at Kathalchari

Table of Contents

1 Introduction ...... 1 1.1 Background ...... 1 1.2 Objective of the study ...... 1 1.3 Scope of the study ...... 2 1.4 Structure of the EIA report...... 2 2 Project Description ...... 10 2.1 Overview of the Project ...... 10 2.2 Description of Development Concept...... 10 2.3 Alternative Analysis...... 11 2.4 Objectives and Benefits of Proposed Drilling Activity ...... 11 2.5 Field Location and Description...... 16 2.5.1 Location ...... 16 2.5.2 Accessibility ...... 19 2.6 Kathalchari Field setting ...... 21 2.7 Existing Activities in the Area ...... 24 2.8 Well locations and Environmental Settings ...... 25 2.8.1 Location of Wells and Alternatives ...... 25 2.8.2 Environmental Settings of the Wells & Alternatives ...... 27

2.9 Development Well Drilling...... 48 2.9.1 Site preparation and Access Road Construction ...... 48 2.9.2 Drilling and testing of well ...... 51 2.9.3 Well Decommissioning ...... 56

2.10 Utilities and Resource Requirements ...... 57 2.10.1 Power requirement and generation ...... 57 2.10.2 Fuel Consumption, Supply and Storage ...... 57 2.10.3 Water Requirement...... 57 2.10.4 Manpower ...... 58

2.11 Pipeline Laying ...... 59 2.11.1 Working Corridor Preparation...... 59 2.11.2 Topsoil and Vegetation Removal ...... 59 2.11.3 Pipe Hauling and Fabrication ...... 59 2.11.4 Trenching and Boring ...... 60 2.11.5 Bending & Welding...... 60

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2.11.6 Pipeline Lowering ...... 60 2.11.7 Backfilling ...... 60 2.11.8 Reinstatement ...... 60 2.11.9 Pipeline Markers...... 61 2.11.10 Construction Considerations – Major Water Crossings...... 61 2.11.11 Manpower Requirement for pipeline laying ...... 61 2.12 Group Gathering Station ...... 61 2.12.1 Construction of GGS ...... 61 2.12.2 Project Components...... 62 2.12.3 Scope of facilities ...... 62 2.12.4 Fire Water Pump House ...... 67 2.12.5 Resource Requirements ...... 68 2.13 Pollution Sources and Characterization ...... 70 2.13.1 Noise and Vibrations ...... 70 2.13.2 Air Emissions ...... 70 2.13.3 Liquid wastes ...... 71 2.13.4 Effluent Generation, Treatment and Disposal ...... 71 2.13.5 Solid and Hazardous Waste Streams ...... 71

2.14 Drilling Hazards ...... 72 2.15 HSE Policy ...... 73 2.16 Project Cost ...... 73 2.16.1 Development Well Drilling and Pipeline Laying ...... 73 2.16.2 GGS and Ancillary Infrastructure Construction ...... 73

3 Description of the Environment ...... 74 3.1 Physical Environment ...... 74 3.1.1 Climate & Meteorology...... 74 3.1.2 Ambient Air Quality ...... 77 3.1.3 Ambient Noise Quality ...... 82 3.1.4 Physiography ...... 84 3.1.5 Geology and Hydrogeology ...... 88 3.1.6 Ground Water Resources...... 90 3.1.7 Drainage ...... 97 3.1.8 Surface water quality ...... 98

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3.1.9 Land-Use and Land Cover...... 102 3.1.10 Soil Quality...... 105 3.1.11 Transport and Traffic...... 110 3.1.12 Natural Hazards ...... 111

3.2 Biological Environment ...... 114 3.2.1 Introduction ...... 114 3.2.2 Methodology...... 114 3.2.3 Terrestrial Ecosystem ...... 115 3.2.4 Endemic, Threatened & Endangered Floral Species ...... 118 3.2.5 Faunal Diversity ...... 120 3.2.6 Endemic, Endangered & Threatened Fauna ...... 122 3.2.7 Aquatic Ecosystem ...... 122 3.3 Agricultural Diversity ...... 123 3.4 Livestock ...... 124 3.5 Socioeconomic Environment ...... 124 3.5.1 Methodology...... 125 3.6 General Socioeconomic Profile ...... 125 3.6.1 Demographic Profile ...... 127

3.7 Basic Amenities and Infrastructure...... 137 3.8 Cultural and historical sites...... 141 4 Environmental Impact Assessment ...... 143 4.1 Impact Assessment Methodology ...... 143 4.1.1 Impact Criteria and Ranking ...... 143 4.1.2 Impact Significance ...... 144

4.2 Impact Assessment...... 148 4.2.1 Visual Impacts & Aesthetics ...... 148 4.2.2 Impacts on Air Quality ...... 150 4.2.3 Impact on Noise Quality...... 157 4.2.4 Potential Impact on Land Use ...... 160 4.2.5 Impact on Soil Quality...... 161 4.2.6 Impact on Topography & Drainage...... 164 4.2.7 Impact on Surface Water Quality ...... 166 4.2.8 Impact on Hydrogeology & Ground Water Quality ...... 168

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4.2.9 Impact on Biological Environment ...... 170 4.2.10 Impact on Socioeconomic Environment ...... 173 4.2.11 Impact on Occupational Health and Safety ...... 175 5 Quantitative Risk Assessment...... 181 5.1 Objective of the QRA Study ...... 181 5.2 Risk Assessment Methodology ...... 182 5.2.1 Hazard Identification ...... 183 5.2.2 Frequency Analysis ...... 184 5.2.3 Consequence Analysis ...... 185 5.2.4 Risk Evaluation ...... 186 5.3 Risk Assessment of Identified Project Hazards ...... 187 5.3.1 Blow Outs/Loss of Well Control ...... 188 5.3.2 Pipeline Failure Causes ...... 198 5.3.3 Process Leaks/Fires ...... 211 5.3.4 Non-process fires/explosions...... 214 6 Environmental Management Plan & Monitoring Framework ...... 216 6.1 Environment Management Plans ...... 218 6.1.1 Pollution Prevention and Abatement Plan (PPAP) ...... 218 6.1.2 Waste Management Plan ...... 223 6.1.3 Storm Water Management Plan...... 228 6.1.4 Site Closure Plan ...... 228 6.1.5 Wildlife Management Plan ...... 230 6.1.6 Road Safety & Traffic Management Plan ...... 231 6.1.7 Occupational Health & Safety Management Plan ...... 233

6.2 EMP Budget ...... 234 6.3 Environmental Monitoring Program ...... 241 7 Public Consultation...... 249 8 Disclosure of Consultants ...... 255

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List of Tables

Table 1-1 : Compliance to MoEF ToR ...... 3 Table 2-1: Details of Proposed Wells, Alternative Wells & GGS ...... 13 Table 2-2: Geo-co-ordinates of the Kathalchari Field ...... 16 Table 2-3: Construction Equipment Noise Levels ...... 70 Table 2-4: Liquid Wastes Generated during Drilling and their Disposal ...... 71 Table 2-5: Waste Streams Generated during Drilling and Their Disposal ...... 72 Table 3-1: Average Hydrocarbon and VOC Values at Monitoring Stations Error! Bookmark not defined. Table 3-2: Source of Noise in Kathalchari field ...... 83 Table 3-3: The Stratigraphy of The Tripura...... 88 Table 3-4: Ground water Resource of Tripura, 2008 and 2009 ...... 90 Table 3-5: Ground water resource of Districts of Tripura ...... 91 Table 3-6: Groundwater Monitoring Results ...... 94 Table 3-7: Major Drainage Channels in Kathalchari Field ...... 97 Table 3-8: Surface Water Quality Results ...... 101 Table 3-9: Soil Analysis Result ...... 109 Table 3-10: Traffic Monitoring Results ...... 110 Table 3-11: Significant earthquakes of Tripura ...... 112 Table 3-12: Flood history of Tripura ...... 113 Table 3-13: Vegetation Types in Study Area...... 115 Table 3-14: Scheduled Animal Species in the Study Area ...... 122 Table 3-15: Details of operating districts in tripura ...... 127 Table 3-16: List of the study area villages in the Kathalchari gas field in Tripura...... 127 Table 3-17: List of the selected villages near to proposed well location in Kathalchari gas field ...... 128 Table 3-18: population and household size selected villages near to proposed well location in Kathalchari gas field ...... 129 Table 3-19: Sex ratio selected villages near to proposed well location in Kathalchari gas field...... 130 Table 3-20: SC & ST population selected villages near to proposed well location in Kathalchari gas field ...... 132 Table 3-21: Literacy rate of selected villages near to proposed well location in Kathalchari gas field ...... 133 Table 3-22: work force participation of selected villages near to proposed well location in Kathalchari gas field ...... 136

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Table 4-1: Impact Prediction Criteria ...... 144 Table 4-2: Criteria based Significance of Impacts ...... 145 Table 4-3: Impact Identification Matrix ...... 146 Table 4-4: Input Parameters Considered for Monitoring...... 152 Table 4-5: Predicted GLCs for Air Pollutants from Well ...... 152 Table 4-6: Predicted GLCs for Air Pollutants from GGS ...... 154 Table 4-7: Impact Significance Matrix (without mitigation) ...... 177 Table 4-8: Impact Significance Matrix (with mitigation) ...... 179 Table 5-1: Frequency Categories and Criteria ...... 185 Table 5-2: Severity Categories and Criteria...... 186 Table 5-3: Risk Matrix ...... 187 Table 5-4: Risk Criteria and Action Requirements ...... 187 Table 5-5: Blow Out Cause Distribution for Failures during Drilling Operations ...... 190 Table 5-6: Natural Gas Release Modeling Scenarios...... 193 Table 5-7: Zone of Flammable Vapour Cloud – Natural Gas Release Scenarios ...... 196 Table 5-8: Primary Gas Pipeline Failure Frequency...... 201 Table 5-9: Gas Pipeline Failure Frequency & Class...... 204 Table 5-10: Ignition Probabilities Per Leak Type ...... 206 Table 5-11: Hypothetical Failure Cases for Modeling of Proposed Pipeline Risks ...... 207 Table 5-12: Threat Zone Distance for Pipeline Failure Hypothetical Scenarios ...... 211 Table 5-13: Leak Frequencies for Process Equipment...... 212 Table 5-14: Project Process Equipment’s Leak Frequencies ...... 212 Table 5-15: Generic Ignition Probabilities ...... 213 Table 5-16: Frequency of Occurrence - Non-Process Fires ...... 215 Table 6-1: Environmental Management Matrix ...... 219 Table 6-2: Waste Management Plan ...... 224 Table 6-3: Tentative Budget for EMP Implementation ...... 234 Table 6-4: Environmental Management Matrix ...... 237 Table 6-5: Proposed Monitoring Requirements of the Project ...... 242

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List of Figures

Figure 2-1: Regional Setting Map of Kathalchari Field ...... 17 Figure 2-2: Kathalchari Field Location Map ...... 18 Figure 2-3: Kathalchari Field Accessibility Map ...... 20 Figure 2-4: Field Settings of Kathalchari Field...... 22 Figure 2-5: Well and GGS Location Map...... 26 Figure 2-6: Comparative Analysis of Land Cover Map ...... 35 Figure 2-7: Typical Drilling Rig Configuration ...... 52 Figure 2-8: Drilling Waste Management ...... 54 Figure 2-9: Typical Drilling Fluid Circulation System ...... 55 Figure 2-10: Water Balance Diagram ...... 58 Figure 2-11: Layout of Kathalchari Development wells, GGS and In Field Pipelines ....63 Figure 2-12: Process Schematic Diagram of GGS ...... 69 Figure 3-1: Wind Rose Diagram for Pre Monsoon season...... 76 Figure 3-2: Location of Air, Noise, Meteorology And Traffic Monitoring Locations within Kathalchari Field ...... 79

Figure 3-3: Average PM 10 Values at the Monitoring Locations ...... 80 Figure 3-4: Average NO2 Values at the Monitoring Locations ...... 81

Figure 3-5: Average SO2 Values at The Monitoring Locations ...... 81 Figure 3-6: Day and Night Time Equivalent Noise Levels ...... 84 Figure 3-7: Topography of Kathalchari Field ...... 87 Figure 3-8: Location of Groundwater, Surface Water and Soil Monitoring Locations within Kathalchari Field ...... 96 Figure 3-9: Drainage Map of Kathalchari Field ...... 99 Figure 3-10: Percentage Land Use-Land Cover Distribution of Kathalchari Field ...... 103 Figure 3-11: Land Use Land Cover Map of Kathalchari Field ...... 104 Figure 3-12: Ecological Sensitivity Map ...... 121 Figure 3-13: Distribution of male and female population in selected villages in Kathalchari gas field ...... 131 Figure 3-14: Distribution of SC& ST population in selected villages in Kathalchari gas field...... 133 Figure 3-15: sex wise literacy rate in selected villages in Kathalchari gas field...... 135 Figure 3-16: work force participation in selected villages in Kathalchari gas field ...... 137 Figure 4-1: Predicted NOx concentration plot (2 X 1000 KVA DG Set) ...... 155

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Figure 4-2: Predicted PM10 concentration plot (2 X 1000 KVA DG Set) ...... 156 Figure 4-3: Predicted NOx concentration plot (Flaring + 1X 125 KVA DG Set) ...... 157 Figure 4-4: Predicted Noise Levels with and without Attenuation ...... 159 Figure 5-1: Risk Assessment Methodology ...... 183 Figure 5-2: Ignition Probability Vs Release Rate ...... 191 Figure 5-3: Scenario I - Risk Contour Map...... 194 Figure 5-4: Scenario II - Risk Contour Map ...... 195 Figure 5-5: Scenario III - Risk Contour Map ...... 196 Figure 5-6: Scenario III (Worst Case) – Overpressure Risk Modeling Results...... 197 Figure 5-7: Natural Gas Pipeline Failure Incidents (1970-2010)...... 199 Figure 5-8: Evolution of Primary Failure Frequencies ...... 202 Figure 5-9: Natural Gas Pipeline Failure – Distribution of Incident & Causes...... 203 Figure 5-10: Natural Gas Pipeline Primary Failure Frequencies Per Cause ...... 203 Figure 5-11: External Failure Frequency – Relation with Damage Type & Diamter Class...... 205 Figure 5-12: Threat Zone Plot for Jet Fire – 0.5” Dia Pipeline Leak ...... 208 Figure 5-13: Threat Zone Plot for Jet Fire - 1” Dia Pipeline Leak ...... 209 Figure 5-14: Threat Zone Plot for Fireball - 4” Pipeline Rupture ...... 210 Figure 6-1: Environment Management Measures at Drill Site ...... 227

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List of Photos

Photo 2-1: KL-1 Well site ...... 23 Photo 2-2: Matabari-1 Well Site ...... 23 Photo 2-3: Jhum Cultivation near Well KL-Dev-5 ...... 23 Photo 2-4: Well KL-Dev -3 Location...... 23 Photo 2-5: Gomati River...... 23 Photo 2-6: Rubber plantation within the Field ...... 23 Photo 2-7: Golachiba Lake...... 24 Photo 2-8: Brick Kiln near Kuwaifung Bazaar...... 24 Photo 2-9: KL-1 Well site ...... 27 Photo 2-10: Matabari-1 Well Site ...... 28 Photo 2-11: Proposed GGS Location ...... 28 Photo 2-12: Kl-Dev-1 well...... 29 Photo 2-13: KL-Dev 2 ...... 29 Photo 2-14: KL-Dev 2A location...... 30 Photo 2-15: KL-Dev-3A ...... 31 Photo 2-16: KL-Dev 4 location...... 31 Photo 2-17: KL-Dev 4A and KL-Dev4B locations (on each side of the road) ...... 32 Photo 2-18: KL-Dev 5 location...... 32 Photo 2-19: KL-Dev-7 location ...... 33 Photo 2-20: KL-Dev 7 A ...... 34 Photo 3-1: Community consultation in Purba Pillak...... 141 Photo 3-2: Community Consultation in Abhangachara Village ...... 141 Photo 3-3: Community Consultation in Paschim Daluma ...... 142 Photo 3-4: Community Consultation in Laogang ...... 142 Photo 3-5: Community Consultation in Taruimachhara ...... 142 Photo 3-6: Community Consultation In Chalita Bankul...... 142

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1 Introduction

1.1 BACKGROUND Kathalchari Field is part of AA-ONN-2002/1 Block for which PSC was signed on 6th Feb 2004. The block was awarded to a consortium of Gas Authority of India Limited (GAIL) having 80% share, and Jubilant Oil and Gas Private Limited (JOGPL) having 20% share. JOGPL is the operator of the Block. The overall area of the Block AA-ONN-2002/1 is 1260 km2 after relinquishment of 25% area in Phase-1. The EIA for the Block was conducted during 2008-09 and the Block was awarded Environmental Clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) dated 11th June, 2009 for exploratory and appraisal drilling. The Block is located in Dhalai, West Tripura, Gomati and South Tripura districts of Tripura. As part of the process JOGPL has drilled two (2) exploratory and two (2) appraisal wells in the Kathalchari Field. Based on the activities and studies carried out during exploration and appraisal period, JOGPL as Operator, has proposed to Directorate General of Hydrocarbon (DGH) to consider a 249 sq. km (approximately) of area as Development Area under “Kathalchari Field”. JOGPL now intends to drill development wells in Kathalchari Field. The development and testing of hydrocarbons, constructing Group Gathering Station (GGS) and laying of pipelines for hydrocarbon transportation as proposed in the Kathalchari Field Development Plan is included under activities specified in Schedule (Activity 1b) of the new EIA Notification dated 14th September 2006. It requires Environmental Clearance (EC) from the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). JOGPL has submitted Form-1 of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, along with a draft Terms of Reference (ToR) for EIA study to MoEF. MoEF has issued approved ToR. The approved ToR is attached as Annexure 1.1 and is in compliance with ToR presented in Table 1.1. SENES India has been entrusted with the task of conducting the EIA study for the proposed activities in the Kathalchari Field by JOGPL. Additionally, as a part of JOGPL’s Corporate Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) Policy, - this EIA study will play important role in formulating appropriate control and management of environment related response(s) for the proposed development project. In this perspective SENES has strived to fulfill the Project objectives delineated in the section below.

1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The objectives of the EIA study are as follows:  To establish the prevailing environmental and socio-economic condition of the Kathalchari Field Area and its surroundings;  To assess environmental and socioeconomic impacts arising out of the proposed field development activities;

SENES/M-ESM-20241/June, 2016 1 JOGPL EIA for development activities of hydrocarbon, installation of GGS & pipeline laying at Kathalchari

 To recommend appropriate preventive and mitigation measures to eliminate or minimize pollution, environmental and social disturbances during the life-cycle of the project, ensuring compliance with environmental laws and regulation as applicable;  To identify and propose alternative action in terms of good practices that may help in abating environmental or socio-economic impacts due to the project;

1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY The basic scope for this study involves conducting an EIA study to understand the environmental and social impacts of the Project and recommend suitable preventive, and/or measure for mitigation actions through the Environmental Management Plan (EMP). The scope for the study finalized in ToR has been summarized below:  Undertake site visits for collection of primary and secondary information on environmental and social setting;  Formulate environmental monitoring plan and supervision of the onsite monitoring program as per plan;  Conduct public consultation;  Assess environmental and social impacts; and  Formulate EMP

1.4 STRUCTURE OF THE EIA REPORT The EIA report documents results and findings of the EIA study conducted by SENES. The subsequent sections of the report present description of project activities, environmental and social baseline scenario, impact and risk assessment that might arise during the lifecycle of the Project. Consequently, the EMP along with mitigation measures has been put forth to combat the adverse impacts on the environment. The content of the report is structured as follows: Executive Summary Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Description of the Project Chapter 3: Description of the Environment Chapter 4: Impact Assessment Chapter 5: Quantitative Risk Assessment Chapter 6: Environmental Management Plan Chapter 7: EIA Preparers

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TABLE 1-1 : COMPLIANCE TO MOEF TOR Sl. No. ToR Points Issued Addressed with EIA 1. A certified report of the status of Certificate of the status of compliance of the compliance of the conditions stipulated in conditions stipulated in the Consent to Operate the environmental clearance and Consent for the ongoing /existing operation of the to Operate for the ongoing /existing project has been obtained from Tripura State operation of the project by the Regional Pollution Control Board and attached as Office of the Ministry of Environment and Annexure- 1.2 Forests and SPCB. JOGPL has also obtained compliance certificate report from Regional Office of MoEF, at Shillong and attached as Annexure- 1.3 in this report. 2. Executive summary of a project Included in the Report 3. Project description, project objectives and The objective of the project is safe extraction project benefits. of hydrocarbon by reentry into two existing wells along with drilling of more development wells. In addition to the re-entry and drilling of development wells, facilities will be constructed for hydrocarbon processing and transportation from wells to GGS. The Project benefits include augmentation to the growing demand of fuel source in the country. Direct and indirect benefits for the local people and finally creation or improvement of infrastructures. Details provided in Section 2.2 4. Site details within 1 km of the each Site details within 1 km of each proposed well proposed well, any habitation, any other is given in Section 2.7 and the figures are installation/activity, flora and fauna, placed in Figure 2.3. approachability to site, other activities including agriculture/land, satellite imagery for 10 km area. 5. Details of forest land involved in the JOGPL has identified locations of the proposed project. A copy of forest proposed wells along with alternatives sites. clearance letter, if applicable. However, some of the wells and alternative locations are on forest land. JOGPL will try to ensure drilling of wells on non-forest land but if well(s) are required to be drilled on forest land then JOGPL will drill such well after taking necessary permission of forest diversion. Provided in Section 2.3 6. Permission from the State Forest No wells and alternatives falls within and Department regarding the impact of the under 10 km radius of the National Park and proposed plant on the surrounding National Wildlife Sanctuary. However, forest land has Park/ Wild life Sanctuary /Reserve Forest/ been identified at four locations and Eco sensitive area, if any. Approval application of forest diversion has been filed.

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Sl. No. ToR Points Issued Addressed with EIA obtained from the State/ Central Details of wells are pprovided in Section 2.8.2 Government under Forest (Conservation Act, 1980) for the forestland shall be submitted. 7. Distance from nearby critically/ severely There are no critically polluted area within polluted area as per Notification dated 13th 10km of Block boundary January, 2010, if applicable. 8. Does proposal involves rehabilitation and The project activities will not require any resettlement? If yes, details thereof. rehabilitation and resettlement of human habitation. 9. Details of project cost. An approximate cost of drilling 11 development wells with associated flow lines and GGS is estimated to be approx. INR 550 Cr. The details are provided in Section 2.16. 10. Details of facilities (GCS, OCS, disposal The GGS will be constructed near at of produced water, treatment facility etc.) Kuwaifung Bazaar. The produced water will to be developed/has been developed for the be treated in an Effluent Treatment Plant project. (ETP) and such treated water will be tested prior to reuse and alternatively released into stream. Provided in Section. 2.10 & 2.11 11. Environmental considerations in the Based on geological considerations, well sites selection of the drilling locations for which have been identified. However, alternative environmental clearance is being sought. analysis with certain environmental Present any analysis suggested for considerations have been undertaken. The minimizing the foot print giving details of alternative analysis details are given in drilling and development options Section 2.3 considered. 12. Baseline data collection for air, water and The baseline of air water (ground and surface) soil for one season leaving the monsoon and soil is provided in Section 3.1.2, 3.1.6 & season in an area of 10 km radius with 3.1.8 and 3.1.10 respectively centre of Oil Field as its centre covering the area of all proposed drilling wells. (i) Topography of the project site. Kathalchari Field comprises of a mix of low relief structures that are highly dissected, or flat topped denuded hills dissected by flat lands-lungas. Topography in detail is given in Section.3.1.4

(ii) Ambient Air Quality monitoring at 8 Results of Ambient air (PM10, SO2, NOx, locations for PM10, SO2, NOx, VOCs, VOCs, Methane and non-methane HC) Methane and non-methane HC. monitored at 8 locations in the Field reveal that all the values are below the Standards stipulated as per National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Provided in Section. 3.1.

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Sl. No. ToR Points Issued Addressed with EIA (iii) Soil sample analysis (physical and Soil from Forest, rubber and agricultural land chemical properties) at the areas located at has been analyzed. This soil is acidic in nature, 5 locations. heavy metal contamination has not been found. Provided in Section. 3.1.10 (iv) Ground Water (GW) and Surface GW (6 sites) and SW (4 sites) were monitored Water (SW) quality in the vicinity of the at 10 locations. The parameters tested for proposed wells site. groundwater were within the acceptable limits of IS:10500, except for Iron exceeded the acceptable limits at all locations. Faecal coliform was not detected in any samples. The surface water monitored in Muhuri, Gomati, Kuwaifung and Manuji river indicates that the water quality of these water channels conform to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) Class B,C,D and E quality water. Provided in Section 3.1.6 & 3.1.8 (v) Climatology and Meteorology Light to medium wind blowing from South- including wind speed, wind direction, East. Provided in Section 3.1.1 temperature rainfall relative humidity etc. (vi) Measurement of Noise levels within 1 The result of 24 hr noise level monitored at 8 km radius of the proposed wells. locations show that the ambient noise level is below the standards as stipulated for residential area. Provided in Section 3.1.3 (vii) Vegetation and land use; Animal The field is rich in biodiversity dominated by resources vegetation dominated by Cachar Tropical Evergreen Forest, Moist mixed Deciduous Forest without Sal, Moist, mixed deciduous forests, dry bamboo, brakes, Secondary moist bamboo brakes, East Himalayan lower Bhabhar Sal and Low alluvial savannah woodlands. Large herbivores and carnivores are absent. The flat lands are used for agricultural purpose, the degraded natural forest has been replaced by rubber plantation. Small settlements and roads connecting them from other landforms. In detail study is provided in Section 3.2. and 3.1.9 13. Incremental Ground Level Contamination Incremental GLC given in Table 4.6 in 4.2.2 (GLC) as a result of DG set operation. 14. Potential environmental impact envisages Potential Environmental Impacts envisaged during various stages of project activities during various stages of Project activities is such as site activation, development, given in Chapter 4. operation/ maintenance and decommissioning. 15. Actual source of water and ‘Permission’ JOGPL intends to buy water from authorized for the drawl of water from the Competent vendor as given in Section 2.10.3

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Sl. No. ToR Points Issued Addressed with EIA Authority. Detailed water balance, waste water generation and discharge. 16. Noise abatement measures and measures to Block is not located in Coastal Area. Noise minimize disturbance due to light and abatement measures and measures due to light visual intrusions in case coastally located. and visual intrusion are given in Section 4.2.3 and 4.2.1. 17. Treatment and disposal of waste water The treatment and disposal of wastewater is generated during drilling process. given in Section 6.1.2 18. Treatment and disposal of produced water Produced water will be treated in ETP as given in Sub section 2.12.2 19. Treatment and disposal of solid waste The treatment and disposal of solid waste generation. generation in Section 6.1.2 20. Disposal of spent oil and loose. The spent oil and loose will be sold to authorized Vendors Refer in Section 6.1.1 21. Storage of chemicals and diesel at site. The chemicals and diesel will be stored in an enclosed covered as given in Section 2.10.2 22. Commitment for the use of Water Based Water based mud will only be used as given in Mud (WBM) only Section 4.2.5. But eco-friendly synthetic mud will also be used if required. 23. Mud make up and mud and cutting The mud will be made up partly with recycled disposal – all options considered shall be water from Rig wash and fresh water and mud listed with selective option. cutting will be temporarily stored at High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) lined pits at the site. Later it will be disposed according to its hazardous and non-hazardous classification. Given in detail in Section 2.9.2 24. Hazardous material usage, storage All hazardous materials usage, storage, accounting and disposal. handling and disposal would be undertaken in compliance to the norms specified in Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling & Trans-boundary Movement) Rules, 2008. 25. Disposal of packaging waste from site. The packaging waste will be segregated, stored and given to the local vendors. Refer Section 6.1.2 26. Oil spill emergency plans in respect of Oil spill emergency plan is given in Section recovery/ reclamation. 6.1.2

27. H2S emissions control. Earlier exploration shows the absence of H2S

in this Block. Though a H2S contingency plan exists for JOGPL that will come into action on

detecting H2S at any stage of drilling. 28. Produced oil handling and storage. Condensate oil and water is expected during separation. It is then stored in the storage tank

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Sl. No. ToR Points Issued Addressed with EIA for subsequent loading as given in Section 2.12.3 29. Details of scheme for oil collection system NA - Only Gas will be produced. along with process flow diagram and its capacity. 30. Details of control of air, water and noise NA - Only Gas will be produced. pollution in oil collection system. 31. Disposal of produced/formation water. Produced water will be generated in the proposed GGS. This water will be treated at the installed ETP and then discharged as per CPCB inland water discharge standards. Formation water will be contained in pits as given in Section 2.12.3 32. Whether any burn pits being utilized for Burn pits will not be utilized. well test operations. 33. Restoration and decommissioning plans Restoration and decommissioning plans given which shall include mud pits and wastage in Section 6.1.4 restoration also and documentation and monitoring of site recovery. 34. Measures to protect ground water and Use of low toxicity water based mud and shallow aquifers from contamination. proper casing and cementing of well will be done to prevent contamination of sub-surface aquifers Measures to protect groundwater and shallow aquifers given in Section 4.2.8 35. Risk assessment and disaster management Risk Assessment and Disaster Management plan for independent reviews of well- plan given in Chapter 5 designed construction etc. for prevention of blow out. 36. Environmental Management Plan. Environmental Management Plan and Monitoring Framework given in Chapter 6 37. Documentary proof of membership of Facility not available in Tripura common disposal facilities, if any. 38. Details of environmental and safety related Regular health checkup of personnel documentation within the company conducted as per Occupational Health including documentation and proposed Surveillance. Surveillance Safety Programs occupational health and safety Surveillance will be carried at regular intervals and Safety Programme for all personnel at site. documented. This shall also include monitoring programme for the environmental. 39. Total capital and recurring cost for Recurring cost for environmental control environmental control measures. measures has been calculated to be about INR 119.20 Lakhs. Provided in Table 6.3 40. A copy of Corporate Environment Policy A copy of Corporate Environment Policy

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Sl. No. ToR Points Issued Addressed with EIA of the Jubilant Oil & gas Pvt Ltd as per the given in Box 6.1 in Chapter 6 Ministry’s O.M. No. J-11013/41/2006- IA.II (I) dated 26th April, 2011 available on the Ministry’s website. 41. District wise Public Hearing and issues As the well locations falls under two raised and commitments made by the district therefore public hearing was project proponent on the same shall be organized by Tripura Pollution Control included separately in EIA/EMP report in Board in two district “South Tripura” and the form of tabular chart. “Gomati” on 29th and 31st December 2015 respectively.

42. Any litigation pending against the project No and or any direction/order passed by any court of law against the project. If so details thereof. 43. A tabular chart with index for point-wise ToR has been provided in Chapter 1, Table compliance of above ToRs. 1.1 The following general points should be noted: (i) All documents should be properly indexed, page numbered. (ii) Period/date of data collection should be clearly indicated. (iii) Authenticated English translation of all material provided in Regional languages. (iv) The letter/application for EC should quote the MoEF file No. and also attach a copy of the letter. (v) A copy of the letter received from the Ministry should be also attached as an annexure to the final EIA-EMP Report. (vi) The final EIA-EMP report submitted to the Ministry must incorporate the issues in his letter. The index of the final EIA- EMP report must indicate the specific chapter and page no. of the EIA-EMP Report where the above issues have been incorporated. (vii) ‘Certificate of Accreditation’ issued by the Quality Council of India (QCI) to the environmental consultant shall be

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Sl. No. ToR Points Issued Addressed with EIA included.

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2 Project Description

2.1 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT The Production Sharing Contract for Block AA-ONN-2002/1 was executed between the Government of India (GoI), Jubilant Oil & Gas Pvt. Ltd. (JOGPL) and GAIL (India) Ltd. on 6th February, 2004. The respective participating interests of JOGPL and GAIL are 20% (twenty per cent) and 80% (eighty percent), respectively. JOGPL being the Operator of the Block. Block AA-ONN-2002/1 is located in the central part of the state of Tripura. The Contract Area covered 1680 sq km. Post relinquishment of 420 sq km after Exploration Phase-I period, the current area is 1260 sq km. The Petroleum Exploration License (PEL) was effective from 7th April 2004. Gas discovery was made in the Kathalchari-1 (KL-1) and Matabari -1 well during Exploration Phase-1. The Kathalchari-1 discovery was further appraised. Based on the activities and studies carried out during exploration & appraisal period Declaration of Commerciality Document has been reviewed by Directorate General Of Hydrocarbon (DGH). JOGPL as Operator, has submitted the Field Development Plan to Directorate General of Hydrocarbon (DGH) to consider a 249 sq km (approximately) as Development Area.

2.2 DESCRIPTION OF DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT The development concept has been prepared for a total 11 development wells, installation of a GGS and in-field pipeline and a major pipeline to transport the hydrocarbon from GGS to buyer. The eleven (11) development wells planned in this project includes drilling of nine (9) new development wells, completion of two (2) existing wells (KL-1 and Matabari-1) drilled during exploration period. The entire project is planned to complete in two phase i.e. initial and subsequent phase. During initial phase, four (4) wells out of eleven (11) wells, are planned for drilling and based on drilling result, remaining 7 wells will be drilled in subsequent phase of field development. As some of the well locations falls on forest land therefore alternative analysis is conducted to minimize the ecological disturbances. Forest clearance application has been filed for the locations which are identified on forest land. Acknowledgement copy of forest clearance has been attached as Annexure-2.2. Detailed description of proposed wells and alternative analysis planned in initial and subsequent phases of field development are presented below: Description of Wells and GGS Proposed in Initial Phase of Field Development: Total four wells and GGS are proposed in initial phase of the field development. Out of four wells, two are existing wells “KL-1” & “Matabari-1” which were drilled in exploration phase while rest two are new development wells proposed for drilling. These locations are identified based on the detailed geological and geophysical survey’s findings. The permission of forest diversion will be obtained for locations which are identified on forest land such as

SENES/M-ESM-20241/June, 2016 10 JOGPL EIA for development activities of hydrocarbon, installation of GGS & pipeline laying at Kathalchari well “KL-Dev—1(Dev-37B)”, its alternatives and KL-Dev-2A. JOGPL has already applied for the forest diversion for these locations. Description of Wells with Tentative Locations and Proposed to Be Drilled in Subsequent Phase of Field Development: There are total seven wells planned for drilling in subsequent phase of field development plan. The location of these wells are tentative and their drilling will depend on the result of four development well’s drilling planned in initial phase of the project. The alternative analysis of these wells are also undertaken and presented in section 2.3

2.3 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS Most of the well locations, identified on the basis of interpretation of geological and seismic data, have been identified to be falling in forest land, resulting in disturbance to flora and fauna due to forest diversion. During the site selection for wells and their alternatives, following criteria have been considered:  Forest Land,  Sensitive ecological habitats,  Settlements, schools/ hospitals,

 Water bodies Care had also been taken to locate the wells at a distance from the above mentioned receptors. As stated earlier, objectives are to avoid forest land and ecological sensitive area. In addition, alternatives have been identified. However, non-forest land i.e. private agricultural land could be identified for few locations only. Detailed description on environmental setting around wells and their alternatives (within 1 km) is presented in section 2.7. The wells and alternatives which are on forest land or locations for which private agricultural land could not be obtained, forest diversion permission will be obtained from Forest Department. JOGPL has already applied the forest diversion for the well KL-Dev-1 (Dev-37B), its alternatives (Dev-37A and Dev-34 A-1) and KL-Dev-2A. The detail of wells and their alternatives locations is presented in Table 2.2.

2.4 OBJECTIVES AND BENEFITS OF PROPOSED DRILLING ACTIVITY After the analysis of geological formation of the Kathalchari Field and estimation of hydrocarbon potential by drilling 2 exploratory wells and 2 appraisal wells, JOGPL now plans to drill development wells and setup facilities for processing and transportation of the hydrocarbon through pipelines in Kathalchari Field.

Project Objectives Objectives of the proposed drilling activities are summarized below:  To drill and extract hydrocarbons’ safely

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 To construct facilities for hydrocarbon processing and transportation

Project Benefits JOGPL expects to augment the production of hydrocarbons in the present scenario of growing demand of oil and gas in the country. The neighboring village dwellers will benefit by direct or indirect means as this will result in jobs that will supplement their livelihood. The proposed project will also result in the improvement of existing infrastructure.

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TABLE 2-1: DETAILS OF PROPOSED WELLS , ALTERNATIVE WELLS & GGS Land Status as determined by Alternative Revenue Sl. Location Development Well Name Well Land Cover Department Panchayat District No coordinate Block/Tehsil Location and verified during Site visit A Details of wells and GGS proposed in initial phase of Field Development 1 KL-1 N-23°13'08.7" Pvt. Agricultural Pvt. Jote Land Purba Pilak Jolaibari South E-91°40'52.6" land Tripura 2 Matabari N-23°12'30.79" Pvt. Agricultural Pvt. Jote Land Taimura Jolaibari South E-91°42'46.76" land Kuwaifung Tripura 3 KL-Dev-1 (Dev- N-23°20'36.86" Forest land Forest Land Birendranagar Jolaibari South 37B) E-91°41'32.51" Tripura

DEV-37 A N-23°20'43.67" Forest land Forest land Birendranagar Jolaibari South E-91°41'50.29" Tripura DEV-34 A-1 N-23°21'04.64" Forest land Forest land Lawgansom Jolaibari South E-91°41'40.31" Tripura 4 KL-Dev-2 N-23°13'41.65" Pvt. Agricultural Pvt. Jote Land Purba Pilak Jolaibari South E-91°40'41.90" land Tripura KL-Dev-2A N-23°14'05.25" Forest Land Forest Land Purba Pilak Jolaibari South E-91°40'38.03" Tripura 5 GGS N-23°12'58.60" Pvt. Agricultural Pvt. Jote Land Purba Pilak Jolaibari South E-91°42'17.10" land Tripura

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Land Status as determined by Alternative Revenue Sl. Location Development Well Name Well Land Cover Department Panchayat District No coordinate Block/Tehsil Location and verified during Site visit B Details of Wells with tentative locations and proposed to be drilled in subsequent phase of field development 1 KL-Dev-3 N-23°10'26.72" Forest Patta land Forest Patta Uttar Taichhama Satchand South E-91°41'47.6" Land Tripura KL-Dev-3A N-23°10'20.11" Pvt. Agricultural Pvt. Jote Land Uttar Taichhama Satchand South E-91°41'58.72" Land Tripura

2 KL-Dev-4 N-23°12'29.65" Plantation Forest Patta Purba Pilak Jolaibari South E-91°40'45.23" Land Tripura KL-Dev-4A N-23°12'44.20" Pvt. Agricultural Pvt. Jote Land Purba Pilak Jolaibari South E-91°40'20.82" land Tripura KL-Dev-4B N-23°12'43.30" Pvt. Agricultural Pvt. Jote Land Purba Pilak Jolaibari South E-91°40'21.60" land Tripura KL-Dev-4C N-23°12'09.20" Pvt. Agricultural Pvt. Jote Tilla Taimura Jolaibari South E-91°41'04.4" land Kuwaifung Tripura 3 KL-Dev-5 N-23°19'57.46" Forest Patta land Forest Patta Lakkhichara Jolaibari South E-91°40'33.56" Land Tripura KL-Dev-5A N-23°20'19.30" Pvt. land Pvt. Jote Tilla Lakkhichara Joalibari South E-91°40'41.80" Tripura 4 KL-Dev-6 N-23°23'47.35" Forest Patta land Forest Patta Pachim Ekchari Karbook Gomati E-91°41'58.39" Land

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Land Status as determined by Alternative Revenue Sl. Location Development Well Name Well Land Cover Department Panchayat District No coordinate Block/Tehsil Location and verified during Site visit 5 KL-Dev-7 N-23°13'20.41" Pvt. Agricultural Pvt. Jote Land Purba Pilak Jolaibari South E-91°42'7.41" land Tripura KL-Dev-7A N-23°13'13.20" Pvt. Agricultural Pvt. Jote Land Purba Pilak Jolaibari South E-91°42'05.02" land Tripura 6 KL-Dev-25A N-23°23'3.844" Forest land Dense Forest Pachim Ekchari Karbook Gomati E-91°40'50.809" KL-Dev-26 N-23°22'57.037" Forest land Dense Forest Pachim Ekchari Karbook Gomati E-91°41'32.016" Gomati 7 KL-Dev-50A N-23°15'52.488" Forest land Forest Land Birendranagar Jolaibari South E-91°40'23.219" Tripura Dev-50A_Alt N-23°16'5.617" Forest land Forest Land Birendranagar Jolaibari South E-91°40'37.904" Tripura

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2.5 FIELD LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION 2.5.1 Location The Kathalchari Field is located in the Gomati and South Tripura districts in Tripura. The Field is approximately 249 sq km in area. The geo co-ordinates of the Block are given in Table 2.1. The international boundary of Bangladesh is located at a distance of 4 km from the Block. The regional setting of the Kathalchari Field is given in Figure 2.1. The Kathalchari Field is also shown in satellite imagery in Figure 2.2. Apart from development wells, a GGS has been proposed within the Kathalchari Field. Approximately 150 km pipeline has also been proposed that will connect the proposed GGS with the proposed wells

TABLE 2-2: GEO -CO-ORDINATES OF THE KATHALCHARI FIELD

Point Latitude (N) Longitude (E) Deg Min Sec Deg Min Sec B' 23 3 14.00 91 40 42.00 C' 23 6 43.00 91 44 25.00 D' 23 23 2.00 91 43 0.00 D1 23 25 34.70 91 42 45.15 D2 23 30 54.20 91 39 34.39 B' 23 3 14.00 91 40 42.00

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FIGURE 2-1: REGIONAL SETTING MAP OF KATHALCHARI FIELD

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FIGURE 2-2: KATHALCHARI FIELD LOCATION MAP

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2.5.2 Accessibility

Roads Kathalchari field can be accessed from the state capital by the NH-44 which connects the Agartala with Sabroom, the town located at proximity to the International Border of Bangladesh in South Tripura District. Northern portion of Kathalchari Field could be accessed from Udaipur town, which is the district headquarter of Gomati District. Well KL- Dev-5, KL-Dev-1(Dev-37B) and their alternatives could be approached from Karbook. The other wells (KL-Dev-2, KL-Dev-7, KL-Dev-4), their alternatives and the existing exploratory well sites Kathalchari, KL-1and Matabari-1) could be approached from Kuwaifung Bazaar which is located at about 20 Km from the NH-44 and could be accessed from the NH near Jolaibari. KL-Dev-3 well and its alternative could be approached from Manu Bazar via. Manu Bankul and Chalita Bankul and is located at about 17 km from Manu Bazar.

Railways Broad Guage Railway line is under construction which will connect Sabrum in South Tripura District with Agartala & rest of the country via Lumding Guwahati therefore Railway Station is under Construction at Belonia in South Tripura District which is approximately 35 kms from the Development locations. Presently the nearest Railway station (meter guage) is at Teliamura approximately 40 km from the Field. This station lies on the North East Frontier Railways connecting Agartala with Lumding. The road in North of Amarpur will lead towards Teliamura Railway Station via Bampur, Taidu, Teliamura.

Airport The nearest airport is Agartala domestic airport at Singerbil that is approximately 110 km away from the Field.

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FIGURE 2-3: KATHALCHARI FIELD ACCESSIBILITY MAP

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2.6 KATHALCHARI FIELD SETTING Kathalchari Field is located at the south eastern side of Tripura. JOGPL plans to drill eleven (11) developmental wells in two phases. The plans also includes construction of a GGS facility and pipelines connecting well sites with the GGS. Key physical features of the Kathalchari Field have been shown in Figure 2.4 and are outlined below:  The Field has an area of 249 sq. km. having a length of approximately 50 km and width of 5 km. The Field is located within Gomati and South Tripura districts of Tripura. The international boundary of India and Bangladesh lies about 4 km east of the Field.  Entire Field area is undulating in nature having valleys or flat lands called lungas in between where agricultural lands and settlements are located. Major part of the Field area is also included under unclassified forest. A portion of the Field is included under the Baramura Debtamura Reserve Forest. Extensive rubber plantation is practiced at the forest areas (on forest patta land) within the Field. Jhum cultivation is also practiced extensively within the Field area.  Major settlements within the Field area are Purba Pilak, Baghmara, Ananta Sardar Para, Kuwaifung, Paschim Karbook, Kurmachhara, Paschim Daluma, Raibari, Tairuma Chhara, Birendra Nagar, Uttar Taichama, Chalita Bankul, Manu Bankul etc.  The major drainage channels within the Field are Gomati River at the north, Muhuri River at the central portion and Manu River at the south. These are also the major perennial channels within the Field. Apart from the major drainage channels, numerous small ephemeral channels are also observed within the Field area. In general the slope of the Field is towards east and south east.  The nearest ecologically protected areas close to the Field is Gomati and Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary. However, none of the well locations falls within 10 km radius of these wildlife sanctuaries.  No critically or severely polluted area is located within 10 km of the proposed field.

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FIGURE 2-4: FIELD SETTINGS OF KATHALCHARI FIELD

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Photo 2-1: KL-1 Well site Photo 2-2: Matabari-1 Well Site

Photo 2-3: Jhum Cultivation near Well KL-Dev-5 Photo 2-4: Well KL-Dev -3 Location

Photo 2-5: Gomati River Photo 2-6: Rubber plantation within the Field

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Photo 2-7: Golachiba Lake Photo 2-8: Brick Kiln near Kuwaifung Bazaar

2.7 EXISTING ACTIVITIES IN THE AREA The Block AA-ONN-2002/1 Production Sharing Contract was executed between the Government of India (GoI), Enpro Finance Private Limited (EFPL) and GAIL (India) Ltd. on 6th February, 2004. EFPL later changed its name to Jubilant Oil & Gas Pvt. Ltd. (JOGPL) with effect from 11th February, 2005. The respective participating interests of JOGPL and GAIL are 20% (twenty per cent) and 80% (eighty percent), JOGPL being the Operator. The Petroleum Exploration License (PEL) was effective from 7th April 2004. The PSC stipulated three Exploration Phases, with three consecutive years for Phase-I, two consecutive years for Phase-II and another two consecutive years for Phase-III. Exploration Phase-I period was effective from 7th April, 2004 to 8th July, 2010, including various extensions from time to time as per the PSC (Production Sharing Contract) guidelines. JOGPL has obtained EC from MoEF for drilling of 15 exploratory and appraisal wells in 2009 (vide letter J-11011/1109/2007-IA II (I) dated 11th June, 2009. During the Phase-I Exploration Period, the following work was done:  209.4 line kilometer of 2D seismic data were acquired, processed and interpreted  357 line kilometer of 2D seismic data were reprocessed  Geological mapping of 500 sq. km. area was carried out  Geochemical analysis of 502 samples was carried out  Three (3) exploration wells Jailungpara-1 (JL-1; TD 3260m MD), Kathalchari-1 (KL- 1; TD 3428m MD) and Ambasa N (TD 3493m MD) were drilled in the block. JL-1 and Ambasa N were drilled in the Atharamura anticline while Kathalchari-1 was drilled in the Tulamura anticline.  Gas discovery was made in the Kathalchari-1 (KL-1) well in the intervals 3370- 3392m MD and 3216-3220m MD within Middle Bhuban. A Notice of Discovery

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(Format A) was submitted on 29th December, 2009. Format B to declare that the discovery is of potential commercial interest was submitted on 25th February 2010. Appraisal Program for Kathalchari discovery was submitted and was approved by the Management Committee. Two (2) appraisal wells were drilled in the Tulamura anticline. The first appraisal well Srikantabari-1 (SK-A1) was spudded on 18th July, 2011 and was drilled to a TD of 2973m MD. The second appraisal well Kathalchari-NE (KL-NE) was spudded on 21st February 2012 and was drilled to a TD of 3200m MD. 252.5 LKM of apparaisal 2D seismic has been acquired, processed and interpreted within the appraisal area. Apart from the same, reprocessing of old data was also done. The Declaration of Commerciality Document for Kathalchari was submitted to MC for review on 28th December 2012. MC has reviewed the document on 13th Jan 2014 and instructed Operator to submit the Field Development Plan. The Field Development Plan was submitted to DGH for approval on 12th Jan 2015. Phase-II Exploration Period was effective from 25th Jan 2012 to 07th June 2013. During Phase II following work was done: 1. 125 lkm of 2D Seismic was acquired, processed and interpreted 2. Drilling and testing of two (2) exploration wells a. Matabari-1 (TD 3287m MD) in Tulamura Area b. North Atharamura-1 (TD 3400m MD) in Atharamura Area Gas discovery has been made in the North Atharamura-1 (NA-1) well within the intervals 610-635m MD within Middle Bhuban (Object-II) and 2175-2195m MD within Lower Bhuban (Object-I). The details of the Discovery for Object-I & Object-II have been notified to MOP&NG/DGH and Management Committee (MC) on 27th May, 2013 and 31st May 2013 by the submission of Format A. Format B for Discovery in Lower Bhuban (Object I and IA) and in Middle Bhuban (Object-II) have been submitted on 29th July, 2013 and 4th July 2013. Appraisal Plan has been reviewed by MC and appraisal activities are under way to appraise the area.

2.8 WELL LOCATIONS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SETTINGS 2.8.1 Location of Wells and Alternatives Total eleven (11) development wells are planned based on the geological formations that are most suitable to contain gas reserves. However, the preliminary locations (identified well locations) were found to be located in forest lands for most of the wells. In order to reduce the impact of drilling on the floral and faunal species, JOGPL has identified alternatives sites to the preliminary selected locations. Details of the preliminary well locations along with their alternatives lying within the Kathalchari Field are provided in Table 2.2. The detailed analysis of environmental setting and land cover are presented in section 2.7.2

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FIGURE 2-5: WELL AND GGS LOCATION MAP

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2.8.2 Environmental Settings of the Wells & Alternatives The environmental settings and land cover within 1 km of the wells, their alternatives and the Group Gathering Station (GGS) (study area) are analyzed with the help of comparative analysis of satellite imagery and land cover maps prepared by Tripura Space Application Centre (TSAC). In addition to the comparative analysis, land use was also verified by ground trothing and database of revenue department. The detailed description of findings are presented below and summarized in Table 2.1. The land cover of wells and their alternatives are also presented as Table 2.1.

Environmental Setting of Wells planned in Initial Phase of field Development

KL-1 Re-entry to this well site will be conducted as part of the proposed plan. The existing well site is located on private agricultural (private jote land) land surrounded by forest and hillocks on all sides. The site could be accessed from the road connecting Jolaibari with Kuwaifung Bazaar and then by a motorable non-metalled road (approximately 1 km) branching from the main road. The branch road was widened and strengthened by JOGPL during the exploratory drilling for movement of heavy vehicles. Nearest settlement of Purba Pilak is located at a distance of 0.5 km SW of the well site. A water body is located 0.1 km N of the well location. Land cover within 1 km area surrounding the well site primarily consists of evergreen and shrub forest, rubber plantation areas, scrub land, agricultural land and settlements.

Photo 2-9: KL-1 Well site

Matabari-1 Re-entry to the existing Matabari-1 will be conducted as part of the proposed development plan. The existing well site is on private agricultural land (private jote land) and is surrounded by agricultural land of Ananta Sardar Para (a hamlet of Tairumachhara) on all sides. Nearest settlement of Ananta Sardar Para is located at a distance of 0.2 km NE and NW of the proposed well site. The site could be accessed through a motorable village road and is about 5 km from Kuwaifung Bazaar. Land cover within 1 km area surrounding the well site primarily

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Photo 2-10: Matabari-1 Well Site

GGS The land for the proposed GGS has been identified at the agricultural land (private jote land) of Turma Kuwaifung (a hamlet of Purba Pilak village). Undulating hillocks enfold the valley in which the proposed location for the GGS is selected. Nearest settlement of Turma Kuwaifung and an English Medium Christian Primary School is located 0.08 km NW of the proposed location. Srikantabari High School is located 0.5 km south of the proposed location. A camp of Tripura State Rifles is located at a distance of 0.15 km NE of the location. The site could be accessed by the same motorable morrum road as for Matabari-1 and is located about 0.2 km from Kuwaifung Bazaar. Kuwaifung River flows 0.1 km west of the location from south to north. A large brick kiln is located 0.5 km NW of the proposed location. The land cover within 1 km around the GGS comprise of unclassified forest, scrub land, settlement and plantation on scrub forest land.

Photo 2-11: Proposed GGS Location

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KL-Dev-1 (Dev 37 B): The proposed well location lies in Baramura –Debtamura reserve forest. The area could be approached by brick soiling road. The settlement of Raibari is located about 0.9 km SW of proposed location.

Photo 2-12: Kl-Dev-1 well There are two alternatives of KL-Dev -1(Dev 37 B) has been identified namely Dev – 37A and Dev -34 A-1. Both the alternatives falls under the Baramura – Debtamura reserve forest. The application of forest diversion has been filed for the well as well as alternatives. KL-Dev 2 The proposed location is situated at the agricultural land (private jote land) of Birendranagar. The site is located adjacent to the Jolaibari-Kuwaifung road. Nearest settlement of Birendranagar is located 0.07 km SW of the proposed location. Golachiba Lake is located 0.64 km NW. A small stream flows at about 0.17 km north of the site. Land cover within 1 km have unclassified forest with rubber plantation areas, agricultural lands, settlement and degraded forest land are also present.

Photo 2-13: KL-Dev 2

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The alternative location KL-Dev-2A of well KL-Dev-2 is identified on forest land and forest application has already been filed. Receipt of forest clearance application is attached as annexure-2.2. The site can be accessed from the road connecting Jolaibari to Kuwaifung Bazaar by a morrum road branching off from the former approximately 2 km before Kuwaifung Bazaar. However, the site is located at the top of a hillock and do not have an approach road. A large waterbody, Golachiba Lake is located 0.4 km east of the site. Nearest settlement of Purba Pilak village is located 0.35 km SW. The land cover within 1 km shows the existence of primarily unclassified forest areas with rubber plantation in many parts.

Photo 2-14: KL-Dev 2A location

Environmental Setting of Wells planned in Subsequent Phase of field Development

KL-Dev-3 The site is located at the top of a hillock in forest patta land near Uttar Taichhama. Uttar Taichhama (via Uttar Chalita Bankul) can be accessed from NH-44 by a motorable road and is located 15 km from the NH. From Uttar Chalita Bankul the location could be accessed by a motorable village road, however, the site is located at the top of a hillock and do not have an approach road. Small settlement of Gobindapara (a hamlet of Uttar Taichhama) is located adjacent to the location. A small stream flows about 0.04 km east of the site along the base of the hillock. A church is located 0.8 km SE of the well site. Major land cover within 1 km of the well site consists of unclassified forest, rubber plantation areas, agricultural lands and settlements. The alternative location KL-Dev-3A is identified for well KL-Dev-3, is on agricultural land (private jote land) of Uttar Taichhama adjacent to the hillock in which the preliminary location of well selected. This location is at a distance of 0.4 km SE of the preliminary well location. The site can be approached by the motorable village road from Uttar Chalita Bankul as mentioned earlier. Settlement of Padmalochan Para (a hamlet of Uttar Taichhama) is located at a distance of 0.09 km NE of the site. A church is located at 0.8 km and Uttar Chalita Bankul SE School is located at 0.8 km south. Land cover within 1 km area

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Photo 2-15: KL-Dev-3A

KL-Dev-4 The proposed location is on the forest patta land which is being used for rubber plantation. The site does not have a direct access and the nearest settlement of Purba Pilak to the site is located 0.25 km SW. A stream flows at about 0.7 km south of the site from east to west. A waterbody is located 0.3 km south of the site. Major land cover within 1 km encompasses unclassified forest, rubber plantation, agricultural lands and settlements.

Photo 2-16: KL-Dev 4 location There are total 3 alternatives locations identified for the well KL-Dev-4. The alternate well locations KL-Dev-4A and KL-Dev-4B are situated on the agricultural land (private jote land) of Purba Pilak about 0.8 km NW of the preliminary location. The locations are selected on either side of the road connecting Jolaibari with Kuwaifung Bazaar; and located about 6 km from the later. The nearest settlement of Narayanpur (a hamlet of Purba Pilak village) located at a distance of 0.25 km NW of both the locations. A small stream is located adjacent to the

SENES/M-ESM-20241/June, 2016 31 JOGPL EIA for development activities of hydrocarbon, installation of GGS & pipeline laying at Kathalchari eastern site of Alternate Location 4B. Another stream is located 0.3 km NW of Alternate Location-4A. Major land cover within 1 km of the proposed alternative locations includes unclassified forest, rubber plantation areas, agricultural land and settlements.

Photo 2-17: KL-Dev 4A and KL-Dev4B locations (on each side of the road)

The third alternative location of well KL-Dev-4 is KL-Dev-4C and this location is situated 0.8 km SE of KL-Dev 4 at the agricultural land (private jote tilla) within the rural area of Purba Pilak. The Undulating hillocks surround the valley (where the well site is located) in which agriculture is practiced and rubber plantation is prominent at the hill tops. The site is located adjacent to the motorable village road.

KL-Dev-5 The proposed location is within the Baramura Debtamura Reserve Forest, about 20 km from the road connecting Shantir Bazaar to Durgabari Camp. The land identified for this well is forest patta land. The brick soling road extends upto Karbook on the other side. The study area revealed the presence of primarily reserved forest areas. The land cover within the 1 km surrounding the well site primarily consist of forestland and shifting cultivation.

Photo 2-18: KL-Dev 5 location

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The alternate location identified for this well is about 0.7 km north of the preliminary location (KL-Dev-5) within the Baramura-Debtamura Reserve Forest. The well location is identified on private jote tilla. The area could be approached by the same brick soiling road as mentioned earlier. The settlement of Raibari is located about 0.9 km SW of the proposed location.

KL-Dev-6 The site is located on forest patta land. The land cover within 1 km of this location comprise of deciduous forest land and crop land. Settlement exist within the 250 m north of the well.

KL-Dev-7 The site is located at the agricultural land (private Jote Land) of Pawan Sardar Para (a hamlet of Purba Pilak village) and surrounded by forest land. The site can be approached from the Kuwaifung Bazaar by a morrum road and is about 2 km from Kuwaifung Bazaar. Few houses of Pawan Sardar Para is located 0.05 km NE of the proposed location. Tiruma nala is located 0.06 km N and Kuwaifung river is located 0.18 km N of the site. Land cover within 1 km primarily consists of unclassified forest area, rubber plantation areas, agricultural land and settlements. Undulating hillocks surrounds the valley (in which the well site is located) in which agriculture is practiced and rubber plantation is prominent at the hill tops.

Photo 2-19: KL-Dev-7 location

The alterative location KL-Dev-7A is identified at a distance of 0.23 km south of the preliminary location and this alternative location is on agriculture land (private jote land). Tiruma nala and Kuwaifung river is located at a distance of 0.3 km and 0.4 km north of the proposed location. Nearest settlement of Pawan Sardar Para is located 0.1 km. The site has similar land cover and land form as that of the preliminary location.

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Photo 2-20: KL-Dev 7 A

KL-Dev-25A The site is located within the Baramura-Debtamura Reserve Forest. The site is located on forest land. The land cover within 1 km of this location comprise of deciduous and evergreen forest land. The site of alternative location KL-Dev-26 is also within the forest land in Baramura- Debtamura Reserve Forest. The alternative location on non-forest land could not be identified for the KL-Dev-25A well. The land cover within 1 km of this location consist of evergreen forest land.

KL-Dev-50A The site is identified on forest land. The drainages of Muhuri river flows at 500 m southeast and 700 m west of the well location. The land cover within 1 km of this location primarily consist of evergreen and semi evergreen type of forest, crop land and river. The alternative well location Kl-Dev-50A_Alt is also identified on forest land. The drainages of Muhuri river flows at 900 m southeast and 500 m west of the well location. The land cover within 1 km of this location primarily consist of evergreen and semi evergreen type of forest, crop land and river.

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FIGURE 2-6: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LAND COVER MAP Source of Land Visual Analysis of Land Cover Analysis Well Name Cover Analysis