Soil Erosion and Preventive Measures
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SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF SOIL EROSION AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR GIDI ‘C’ OPENCAST PROJECT (0.6 MTY) OF CENTRAL COALFIELDS LIMITED SEPTEMBER, 2012 SLOPE STABILITY CELL ENVIRONMENT DIVISION CENTRAL MINE PLANNING & DESIGN INSTITUTE LTD. (A Subsidiary of Coal India Ltd.) GONDWANA PLACE RANCHI – 834008 SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF SOIL EROSION AND PREVENTIVE MEASURES FOR KARMA OPENCAST PROJECT (0.6 MTY) OF CENTRAL COALFIELDS LIMITED SEPTEMBER, 2012 SLOPE STABILITY CELL ENVIRONMENT DIVISION CENTRAL MINE PLANNING & DESIGN INSTITUTE LTD. (A Subsidiary of Coal India Ltd.) GONDWANA PLACE RANCHI – 834008 INDEX Chapter Name of Chapter Page No 1 Background 1 - 2 2 Project Profile 4 - 11 3 Soil Erosion 12 - 27 4 Control Measures 28- 38 5 Cost & conclusion 39- 41 CMPDI Prevention of soil erosion CHAPTER - I Background 1.0 Purpose CCL had submitted a proposal to concern department for the release of 237.300Ha. of forest land for the Gidi ‘c’ open-cast project to MoEF, GoI through DFO, East Division, Hazaribagh. Stage – II clearance has been accorded by MoEF vide letters no. 8 -114/2003 -FC- dated 30.10.08 of Sr. Assistant Inspector General of forest MoEF, Govt. of India with certain conditions. As per clause no. 3 (I, II, III, IV & V) of the said letter the user agency has to comply with;- Preparation of a scheme for the proper mitigation measures to minimize soil erosion and choking of stream and shall be implemented; Planting of adequate drought hardy plant species and sowing of seeds to arrest soil erosion; The area shall be reclaimed keeping in view of the international practice or stabilizing the dump grading/benching so that the angle of repose (normally less than 280 at any given point) are maintained; The top soil management plan should be strictly adhered; The study of soil erosion/soil flow from the overburden area with the help of GIS in consultation of forest department. So, CCL has requested CMPDI (HQ) to prepare the necessary scheme for fulfillment of the above condition vide their letter No. CGM (P&P) 09/815–18 dated 27.10.2009. Accordingly, CMPDI (HQ) has taken up job with job no.090309111. New Gidi ‘C’ OCP 1 Job no. - 090310041 CMPDI Prevention of soil erosion 1.1 Consultation with forest officials A formal meeting between CCL and PCCF cum executive director of Forest Department, Jharkhand has been held on 7.12.09 in the office of later to discuss the compliance the condition laid down by Sr. Assistant Inspector General of Forest vide their letter no. F.No.8-114/2003 FC regarding the release of 237.300Ha. of forest land for Gidi ‘c’ Open- cast Project. On the basis of the above meeting forest department has given guidelines for the fulfillment of the conditions, set by Assistant Inspector General of Forest. 1.2 Scope of Work:- The study of soil erosion from the leasehold area including overburden area with the help of GIS and preparation of a detailed scheme with sketches and drawings along with a cost estimate to minimize/prevent the water pollution, soil erosion arises due to surface runoff, and choking of streams in the mine lease area of the Gidi ‘C’ OCP project. 1.3. Objective of the scheme- Prevention of Damodar river, Mangaradah nala and their tributaries from being choked along with protection of the leasehold areas from being eroded due to the high velocity of surface run-off, reduction of the fertility of the due to soil erosion owing to the ongoing Gidi ‘c’ OCP project for the benefit to the local habitants, animals and plants get good quality of land and clean water in sufficient quantity. It will also help to enhance the ecological balance of the area and will take care of the natural ecosystem. 1.4 Project History :- The Project Report for New Gidi ‘c’ open-cast has been prepared by CMPDI RI-III in Oct. 1988 after being sanctioned by CCL board will superceeds the sanctioned Interim Report (Nov.1987) prepared by RI-3 in the Interim report (IPR 1987) it was stated that presently exploration is going on and therafter a P.R. will be prepared. So far, no capital expenditure has been against the I.P.R for Gidi ‘C’ 1987. Presently it is producing 0.6Mty Coal. New Gidi ‘C’ OCP 2 Job no. - 090310041 CMPDI Prevention of soil erosion CHAPTER - II Project Profile 2.0 General A report for Gidi ‘C’ Open-cast Project has been prepared for a target capacity of 0.6 Mty BY RI-III,CMPDI, CCL, a subsidiary company of CIL, is proponent of the mine. It would excavate 13.15 Mt of coal of “F” long flame Grade from Seam VI to Seam VIII in 24 years of mining life span with the help of a shovel - dumper combination to feed North India thermal power projects. Maximum no. of manpower required is 720 2.1 Location:- a) Latitudes - 23041’48” and 23043’16”N b) Longitudes- 85022’42” and 85023’45”E c) Topo sheet No. – 73 E/6 on 1:63,360 scales. d) Company – Argada area,C.C.L e) Dist – Hazaribagh f) State – Jharkhand. 2.2 Surface Communication: - Gidi ‘C’ is connected with Ramgarh by motorable roads both via Sikra and Gidi ‘A” colleries. It is situated at a distance of 25 km from Ramgarh via Sikra colliery . The Patratu Saunda branch line of the Eastern railway extends to the middle of the property. 2.2.1 Airways- Nearest Air service is available from Ranchi, that is 70 Km. away from the project. 2.2.2 Distance of important place a) G.M.office, Kuju 15 km. b) Ranchi - -- 60 km. (Takes 1.5 hr. By road) c) Hazaribagh -- 90 km (1.5 hr. By road) New Gidi ‘C’ OCP 3 Job no. - 090310041 CMPDI Prevention of soil erosion 2.3 Topography Drainage : - The area is gently undulating on the south east of Gidi ‘C’ (NE) Block runs the Bundu hill range trending roughly NW-SE. This a range with isolated hillocks rising to a maximum height of about 459m above M>S>L. The ground elevation of the explored area ranges from 393 m.( north west, of MKGC-30) to 336 m (South of MKGC-20). The Marmarha Nala constitute the main drainage system of the area and forms the eastern boundary of the block. 2.4 Climate As per the annual temperature map of India (National Atlas), the area falls within the daily mean temperature zone 22.50c to 25.00c. The summers as well as winters are extreme. According to the annual rainfall map of India (National Atlas), the area falls under the rainfall zone 1200mm to 1400mm. 2.5 Boundary of the mining block Two quarriable blocks have been identified for which two quarries, viz. quarry-1 and quarry-2, have been planned. 2.5.1 Quarry-1 Bounadary North eastern boundary The quarry top edge has been fixed in the incrop of naditoli seam (Argada L, M, N, o merged seam). South Western Boundary Quarry floor limit in the south west has been restricted to coal to OB thickness ratio of 1:3 South Eastern Boundary On the south east the quarry surface has been restricted to a distance of 60 m from marmarma Nala. A protective embankament is proposed against this nala. North Western Boundary Towards the north west the quarry would be extended only up to borehole no NDGD-10 on account of the following consideration. i) Reducing trend in the seam thickness ii) Deterioration in quality, iii) Increase in top cover and stripping ratio iv) Reduction in the width of the quarry. 2.5.2 Quarry-2 Bounadary Quarry 2 would be worked in three phases, viz phase-I, phase-IA and Phase –II. North eastern boundary New Gidi ‘C’ OCP 4 Job no. - 090310041 CMPDI Prevention of soil erosion In the north east quarry top edge has been fixed in the incorp of Argada I-seam, and in the north where Argada ‘T’ seam is less than 1 m, thick, in the incorp of Argada ‘H’ seam. South Western Boundary On the south west quarry floor would extend up to fault F1 (I), beyond which are the quarries and existing dumps of Gidi ‘C’ opencast mine. The area occupied by the existing railway siding and CHP complex has been kept in phase-II of quarry-2 South Eastern Boundary The quarry surface has been restricted to a distance of 60 m from Marma Nala. A protective embankment is proposed against this nala. North Western Boundary In the north west quarry bottom edge has been fixed in the incorp of seam argada ‘H’. The area covered by the existing workers colony has been in Phase-IA 2.5.3 Phase- I Bounadary North East – argada ‘I’ seam incorp South west - A 60 m barrier against existing railway siding South east- A 60 m barrier against Marmarma nala North west – a barrier against existing workers colony. 2.6 Geology 2.6.1 Geological Report The geological data given in the P.R is from the “Geological report on coal Exploration Gidi ‘c’ (NE) Block” prepared by MEC, Nagapur, April, 1988. The above G.R identified a potential quarriable block (Gidi ‘c’ (NE) Block) for quarrying seams Argada A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H & I only. 2.6.2 Structure of the block Strike and dip: Over the larger part of the block, the bedding strike is NNw-SSE except in the northwestern part, where it takes a swing becomes almost E-W. strata are having 150- 300 south westerly dip.