The Arab-Israeli States Military Balance:National Forces

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Arab-Israeli States Military Balance:National Forces CSIS _______________________________ Center for Strategic and International Studies 1800 K Street N.W. Washington, DC 20006 (202) 775 -3270 Access Web: ww.csis.org Contact the Author: [email protected] The Ara b-Israeli States Military Balance: National Force s Developments and Trends Anthony H. Cordesman Center for Strategic and International Studies With the Assistance of Khalid Al -Rodhan and Bobby Roshan Working Draft: Revised March 29, 2005 Ple ase note that this document is a working draft and will be revised regularly. To comment, or to provide suggestions and corrections, please e -mail the author at [email protected] . Cordesman: The Arab -Israeli States Military Balance 3/29/05 Page ii Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 5 II. NATIONAL MILITAR Y FORCES ................................ ................................ ................................ .................... 17 THE MILITARY FORCES OF ISRAEL ................................ ................................ ................................ ........................... 17 Israeli Land Forces ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 19 Israeli Air Forces ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................. 22 Israeli Land -Based Air Defense s ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... 23 Israeli Naval Forces ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 24 Israel’s continuing Strategic Challenges ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 25 THE MILITARY FORCES EGYPT ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .26 Egyptian Land Forces ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 27 Egyptian Air Forces ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 29 Egyptian Land -Based Air Defenses ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 29 Egyptian Naval Forces ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 31 Egyptian Paramilitary Forces ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................. 32 THE MILITARY FORCES OF JORDAN ................................ ................................ ................................ .......................... 33 Jordanian Army ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................... 33 Jordanian Air Force ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 35 Jordanian Land -Based Air Defenses ................................ ................................ ................................ ................... 35 Jordanian Naval Forces ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...... 35 THE MILITARY FORCES OF LEBANON ................................ ................................ ................................ ....................... 35 The Lebanese Army ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 36 The Lebanese Air Force ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... 37 Lebanese Naval Forces ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 37 Lebanese Paramilitary Forces and the Hezbollah ................................ ................................ .............................. 37 THE MILITARY FORCES OF PALESTINE ................................ ................................ ................................ ..................... 37 THE MILITARY FORCES OF SYRIA ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................ 38 Syrian Land Forces ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 40 Syrian Air and Air Defense Forces ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... 41 Syrian Naval Forces ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 43 III. MAJOR TRENDS IN ARAB -ISRAELI FORCES ................................ ................................ .......................... 60 © Copyright 2005, A nthony H. Cordesman, all rights reserved. Cordesman: The Arab -Israeli States Military Balance 3/29/05 Page iii Table of Figures FIGURE 1.1 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 8 THE ARAB -ISRAELI BALANCE : F ORCES IN THE ARAB -ISRAELI “R ING ” S TATES IN 2005 ................................ ................ 8 FIGURE 1.2 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 10 NATIONAL TRENDS IN ARAB -ISRAELI MILITARY SPENDING IN CONSTANT DOLLARS : T HE DECLINE IN ARAB FORCES AS A SHARE OF TOTAL SPENDING : 1985 -1999 ................................ ................................ ................................ ..... 10 FIGURE 1.3 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 11 ARAB -ISRAELI MILITARY EXPENDITURES BY COUNTRY : 1997 -2004 ................................ ................................ ........... 11 FIGURE 1.4 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 12 TREND IN PERCENT OF GNP S PENT ON MILITARY FORCES : 1983 -1999: H ALF THE BURDEN OF THE EARLY 1980 S .... 12 IISS E STIMATE OF MILITARY SPENDING AND MANPOWER TRENDS : 1985 -2000 ................................ ......................... 12 FIGURE 1.5 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 13 NATIONAL TRENDS IN ARAB -ISRAELI ARMS DELIVERIES IN CONSTANT DOLLARS ................................ ...................... 13 FIGURE 1.6 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 14 ARAB -ISRAELI NEW ARMS AGREEMENTS AND DELIVERIES BY COUNTRY : 1987 -2003 ................................ ................ 14 FIGURE 1.7 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 15 ARAB -ISRAELI ARMS ORDERS BY SUPPLIER COUNTRY : 1988 -2003 ................................ ................................ ............ 15 FIGURE 1.8 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 16 THE COMPARATI VE SIZE OF US M ILITARY ASSISTANCE AND COMMERCIAL ARMS SALES TO THE ARAB -ISRAELI RING STATES : 1986 -2001 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .............. 16 FIGURE 2.1 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 44 FORCE TRENDS IN ISRAEL ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............ 44 FIGURE 2.2 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 46 FORCE TRENDS IN EGYPT ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............. 46 FIGURE 2.3 ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ... 48 FORCE TRENDS IN JORDAN ................................ ...............................
Recommended publications
  • Clearance of Depleted Uranium (DU) Hazards
    Technical notes for mine action Technical Note 09.30/ 02 Version 3.0 TNMA 1st February 2015 Clearance of Depleted Uranium (DU) hazards i Technical Note 09.30-02/15 Version 3.0 (1st February 2015) Warning This document is distributed for use by the mine action community, review and comment. Although in a similar format to the International Mine Action Standards (IMAS) it is not part of the IMAS Series. It is subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Mine Action Standard. Recipients of this document are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation. Comments should be sent to [email protected] with a copy to [email protected]. The content of this document has been drawn from open source information and has been technically validated as far as reasonably possible. Users should be aware of this limitation when utilising the information contained within this document. They should always remember that this is only an advisory document: it is not an authoritative directive. ii Technical Note 09.30-02/15 Version 3.0 (1st February 2015) Contents Contents ........................................................................................................................................ iii Foreword ....................................................................................................................................... iv Introduction....................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Technical Report
    NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California TECHNICAL REPORT “SEA ARCHER” Distributed Aviation Platform by Faculty Members Charles Calvano David Byers Robert Harney Fotis Papoulias John Ciezki Robert Ashton Student Members LT Joe Keller, USN LCDR Rabon Cooke, USN CDR(sel) James Ivey, USN LT Brad Stallings, USN LT Antonios Dalakos, Helenic Navy LT Scot Searles, USN LTjg Orhan Okan, Turkish Navy LTjg Mersin Gokce, Turkish Navy LT Ryan Kuchler, USN LT Pete Lashomb, USN Ivan Ng, Singapore December 2001 Approved for public release, distribution unlimited REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED December 2001 Technical Report 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE: 5. FUNDING NUMBERS “Sea Archer” Distributed Aviation Platform 6. AUTHOR(S) Charles Calvano, Robert Harney, David Byers, Fotis Papoulias, John Ciezki, LT Joe Keller, LCDR Rabon Cooke, CDR (sel) James Ivey, LT Brad Stallings, LT Scot Searles, LT Ryan Kuchler, Ivan Ng, LTjg Orhan Okan, LTjg Mersin Gokce, LT Antonios Dalakos, LT Pete Lashomb.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register/Vol. 85, No. 239/Friday, December 11, 2020
    80060 Federal Register / Vol. 85, No. 239 / Friday, December 11, 2020 / Notices Defense System Launcher political stability, military balance, 2. The highest level of classification of Transporter Units, twenty-five (25) economic and progress in the region. defense articles, components, and radar trucks, spare and repair parts, This proposed sale will improve the services included in this potential sale support and test equipment, recipient’s capability to meet current is CONFIDENTIAL. publications and technical and future threats by providing a 3. If a technologically advanced documentation, personnel training flexible solution to augment existing adversary were to obtain knowledge of and training equipment, U.S. surface and air defenses. The recipient the hardware and software elements, the Government and contractor will be able to employ a highly reliable information could be used to develop representatives’ technical and effective system to counter or deter countermeasures or equivalent systems, assistance, engineering and logistics maritime aggressions, coastal blockades, which might reduce system support services, and other related and amphibious assaults. This effectiveness or be used in the elements of logistics support. capability will easily integrate into development of a system with similar or (iv) Military Department: Navy (TW-P- existing force infrastructure. The advanced capabilities. LHX) recipient will have no difficulty 4. A determination has been made (v) Prior Related Cases, if any: TW-P- absorbing these systems into its armed that the recipient can provide LGV, TW-P-LGN, TW-P-LGL forces. substantially the same degree of (vi) Sales Commission, Fee, etc., Paid, The proposed sale of this equipment protection for the sensitive technology Offered, or Agreed to be Paid: None and support will not alter the basic (vii) Sensitivity of Technology being released as the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Air & Space Power Journal
    July–August 2013 Volume 27, No. 4 AFRP 10-1 Senior Leader Perspective The Air Advisor ❙ 4 The Face of US Air Force Engagement Maj Gen Timothy M. Zadalis, USAF Features The Swarm, the Cloud, and the Importance of Getting There First ❙ 14 What’s at Stake in the Remote Aviation Culture Debate Maj David J. Blair, USAF Capt Nick Helms, USAF The Next Lightweight Fighter ❙ 39 Not Your Grandfather’s Combat Aircraft Col Michael W. Pietrucha, USAF Building Partnership Capacity by Using MQ-9s in the Asia-Pacific ❙ 59 Col Andrew A. Torelli, USAF Personnel Security during Joint Operations with Foreign Military Forces ❙ 79 David C. Aykens Departments 101 ❙ Views The Glass Ceiling for Remotely Piloted Aircraft ❙ 101 Lt Col Lawrence Spinetta, PhD, USAF Funding Cyberspace: The Case for an Air Force Venture Capital Initiative ❙ 119 Maj Chadwick M. Steipp, USAF Strategic Distraction: The Consequence of Neglecting Organizational Design ❙ 129 Col John F. Price Jr., USAF 140 ❙ Book Reviews Master of the Air: William Tunner and the Success of Military Airlift . 140 Robert A. Slayton Reviewer: Frank Kalesnik, PhD Selling Air Power: Military Aviation and American Popular Culture after World War II . 142 Steve Call Reviewer: Scott D. Murdock From Lexington to Baghdad and Beyond: War and Politics in the American Experience, 3rd ed . 144 Donald M. Snow and Dennis M. Drew Reviewer: Capt Chris Sanders, USAF Beer, Bacon, and Bullets: Culture in Coalition Warfare from Gallipoli to Iraq . 147 Gal Luft Reviewer: Col Chad T. Manske, USAF Global Air Power . 149 John Andreas Olsen, editor Reviewer: Lt Col P.
    [Show full text]
  • Rockets of the Armed Forces.Pdf
    NUIWX4)- j623.4519 Bk&ro. Bergaust l^OS'lcT; Rockets of the Armed Forces O O u- - "5« ^" CO O PUBLIC LIBRARY Fort Wayne c.r.d Allen County, Indiana 81-1 JT r PUHI I IBRAFU sno IC fflimiivN 3 1833 00476 4350 Rockets of the Armed Forces Between primitive man's rock-hurling days, and modern technology's refined rocket systems, man has come a long way in missile combat. Beginning with the principles of rocketry from early time to the present, Erik Bergaust classifies all forty-two current operational missiles into four basic categories : air-to-air ; air-to-surface ; surface- to-air; and surface-to-surface. From the Navy's highly sophisticated Polaris to the Sidewinder, widely used in Vietnam, the author pinpoints the type, propulsion, guid- ance, performance, and construction of each rocket. A picture and a short paragraph describing each rocket's military use, plus a glossary, are included. Inspection of liquid hydrogen engines. Hydro- gen is a powerful fuel and is often used in combination with liquid oxygen. Fuels are car- ried in the missile in separate tanks and are mixed in the rocket's combustion chamber where the burning takes place. / Bell ROCKETS of the ARMED FORCES By Erik Bergaust 76 6. P. Putnam's Sons New York | 80 260 4 1 ' © 1966 by Erik Bergaust All Rights Reserved Published simultaneously in the Dominion of Canada by Longmans Canada Limited, Toronto Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: AC 66-1025A PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Second Impression 1430318 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The cooperation of the Office of the Assistant Secre- tary of Defense, Magazine and Book Branch, Directorate of Information Services, made it possible to compile in this book the latest information and data on all opera- tional United States military rockets.
    [Show full text]
  • Jacques Tiziou Space Collection
    Jacques Tiziou Space Collection Isaac Middleton and Melissa A. N. Keiser 2019 National Air and Space Museum Archives 14390 Air & Space Museum Parkway Chantilly, VA 20151 [email protected] https://airandspace.si.edu/archives Table of Contents Collection Overview ........................................................................................................ 1 Administrative Information .............................................................................................. 1 Biographical / Historical.................................................................................................... 1 Scope and Contents........................................................................................................ 2 Arrangement..................................................................................................................... 2 Names and Subjects ...................................................................................................... 2 Container Listing ............................................................................................................. 4 Series : Files, (bulk 1960-2011)............................................................................... 4 Series : Photography, (bulk 1960-2011)................................................................. 25 Jacques Tiziou Space Collection NASM.2018.0078 Collection Overview Repository: National Air and Space Museum Archives Title: Jacques Tiziou Space Collection Identifier: NASM.2018.0078 Date: (bulk 1960s through
    [Show full text]
  • Missilesmissilesdr Carlo Kopp in the Asia-Pacific
    MISSILESMISSILESDr Carlo Kopp in the Asia-Pacific oday, offensive missiles are the primary armament of fighter aircraft, with missile types spanning a wide range of specialised niches in range, speed, guidance technique and intended target. With the Pacific Rim and Indian Ocean regions today the fastest growing area globally in buys of evolved third generation combat aircraft, it is inevitable that this will be reflected in the largest and most diverse inventory of weapons in service. At present the established inventories of weapons are in transition, with a wide variety of Tlegacy types in service, largely acquired during the latter Cold War era, and new technology 4th generation missiles are being widely acquired to supplement or replace existing weapons. The two largest players remain the United States and Russia, although indigenous Israeli, French, German, British and Chinese weapons are well established in specific niches. Air to air missiles, while demanding technologically, are nevertheless affordable to develop and fund from a single national defence budget, and they result in greater diversity than seen previously in larger weapons, or combat aircraft designs. Air-to-air missile types are recognised in three distinct categories: highly agile Within Visual Range (WVR) missiles; less agile but longer ranging Beyond Visual Range (BVR) missiles; and very long range BVR missiles. While the divisions between the latter two categories are less distinct compared against WVR missiles, the longer ranging weapons are often quite unique and usually much larger, to accommodate the required propellant mass. In technological terms, several important developments have been observed over the last decade.
    [Show full text]
  • France Historical AFV Register
    France Historical AFV Register Armored Fighting Vehicles Preserved in France Updated 24 July 2016 Pierre-Olivier Buan Neil Baumgardner For the AFV Association 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................4 ALSACE.................................................................................................................5 Bas-Rhin / Lower Rhine (67)........................................................5 Haut-Rhin / Upper Rhine (68)......................................................10 AQUITAINE...........................................................................................................12 Dordogne (24) .............................................................................12 Gironde (33) ................................................................................13 Lot-et-Garonne (47).....................................................................14 AUVERGNE............................................................................................................15 Puy-de-Dôme (63)........................................................................15 BASSE-NORMANDIE / LOWER NORMANDY............................................................16 Calvados (14)...............................................................................16 Manche (50).................................................................................19 Orne (61).....................................................................................21
    [Show full text]
  • Energy Sustainability Manual
    Energy Usage, GHG Reduction, Effi ciency and Load Management Manual Brewers Association Energy Usage, GHG Reduction, Effi ciency and Load Management Manual Energy Usage, GHG Reduction, Effi ciency and Load Management Manual 1 2 BrewersAssociation.org table of contents Acknowledgements . .4 Best Practices - Kitchen Area . 39 Introduction . .5 Best Practices - Dining Room . 40 Section 1: Sector Profi le – Energy Use in Breweries . .6 Best Practices - Parking Lot/Outdoor Seating . 40 1.1 Overview of Current Energy Use/Greenhouse Gas 3.5 Concerts and Events . 41 Performance and Trends . 6 Section 4: Onsite Renewable Energy . .42 1.2 Regulatory Drivers . 7 4.1 Technology and Use Application Review . 43 1.3 Non-Regulatory Drivers – Image/brand, community ties. 7 4.2 Fuel Availability . 43 1.4 Risks and Opportunities – Energy/Greenhouse 4.3 Fuel Supply and Cost . 43 Gas Reduction . 8 4.4 Size Selection and Infrastructure Impacts. 44 Section 2: Data Management . .9 4.5 Cost and Savings Review . 44 2.1 Data Collection . 9 4.6 Renewable Energy Certifi cates . 45 2.2 Ensuring accuracy . 11 Section 5: Brewery Case Studies . .46 2.3 Benchmarking – Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) . 11 5.1 Usage and Reduction . 46 2.4 Guidelines for Setting Measureable Goals and Objectives . .13 Boulevard Brewing Company – Kansas City, Missouri . 46 Section 3: Usage & Reduction Best Practices . .15 Deschutes Brewery – Bend, Oregon . 46 3.1 Brewing . 16 Harpoon Brewery – Boston, Massachusetts . 47 Best Practices – CO2 Recovery Systems . 16 New Belgium Brewing Company – Fort Collins, Colorado . 47 3.2 Packaging. 18 Sierra Nevada Brewing Company – Chico, California . 47 Best Practices - Variable Speed Drives .
    [Show full text]
  • Usafalmanac ■ Gallery of USAF Weapons
    USAFAlmanac ■ Gallery of USAF Weapons By Susan H.H. Young The B-1B’s conventional capability is being significantly enhanced by the ongoing Conventional Mission Upgrade Program (CMUP). This gives the B-1B greater lethality and survivability through the integration of precision and standoff weapons and a robust ECM suite. CMUP will include GPS receivers, a MIL-STD-1760 weapon interface, secure radios, and improved computers to support precision weapons, initially the JDAM, followed by the Joint Standoff Weapon (JSOW) and the Joint Air to Surface Standoff Missile (JASSM). The Defensive System Upgrade Program will improve aircrew situational awareness and jamming capability. B-2 Spirit Brief: Stealthy, long-range, multirole bomber that can deliver conventional and nuclear munitions anywhere on the globe by flying through previously impenetrable defenses. Function: Long-range heavy bomber. Operator: ACC. First Flight: July 17, 1989. Delivered: Dec. 17, 1993–present. B-1B Lancer (Ted Carlson) IOC: April 1997, Whiteman AFB, Mo. Production: 21 planned. Inventory: 21. Unit Location: Whiteman AFB, Mo. Contractor: Northrop Grumman, with Boeing, LTV, and General Electric as principal subcontractors. Bombers Power Plant: four General Electric F118-GE-100 turbo fans, each 17,300 lb thrust. B-1 Lancer Accommodation: two, mission commander and pilot, Brief: A long-range multirole bomber capable of flying on zero/zero ejection seats. missions over intercontinental range without refueling, Dimensions: span 172 ft, length 69 ft, height 17 ft. then penetrating enemy defenses with a heavy load Weight: empty 150,000–160,000 lb, gross 350,000 lb. of ordnance. Ceiling: 50,000 ft. Function: Long-range conventional bomber.
    [Show full text]
  • Desind Finding
    NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE ARCHIVES Herbert Stephen Desind Collection Accession No. 1997-0014 NASM 9A00657 National Air and Space Museum Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC Brian D. Nicklas © Smithsonian Institution, 2003 NASM Archives Desind Collection 1997-0014 Herbert Stephen Desind Collection 109 Cubic Feet, 305 Boxes Biographical Note Herbert Stephen Desind was a Washington, DC area native born on January 15, 1945, raised in Silver Spring, Maryland and educated at the University of Maryland. He obtained his BA degree in Communications at Maryland in 1967, and began working in the local public schools as a science teacher. At the time of his death, in October 1992, he was a high school teacher and a freelance writer/lecturer on spaceflight. Desind also was an avid model rocketeer, specializing in using the Estes Cineroc, a model rocket with an 8mm movie camera mounted in the nose. To many members of the National Association of Rocketry (NAR), he was known as “Mr. Cineroc.” His extensive requests worldwide for information and photographs of rocketry programs even led to a visit from FBI agents who asked him about the nature of his activities. Mr. Desind used the collection to support his writings in NAR publications, and his building scale model rockets for NAR competitions. Desind also used the material in the classroom, and in promoting model rocket clubs to foster an interest in spaceflight among his students. Desind entered the NASA Teacher in Space program in 1985, but it is not clear how far along his submission rose in the selection process. He was not a semi-finalist, although he had a strong application.
    [Show full text]
  • Worldwide Equipment Guide
    WORLDWIDE EQUIPMENT GUIDE TRADOC DCSINT Threat Support Directorate DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. Worldwide Equipment Guide Sep 2001 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Page Memorandum, 24 Sep 2001 ...................................... *i V-150................................................................. 2-12 Introduction ............................................................ *vii VTT-323 ......................................................... 2-12.1 Table: Units of Measure........................................... ix WZ 551........................................................... 2-12.2 Errata Notes................................................................ x YW 531A/531C/Type 63 Vehicle Series........... 2-13 Supplement Page Changes.................................... *xiii YW 531H/Type 85 Vehicle Series ................... 2-14 1. INFANTRY WEAPONS ................................... 1-1 Infantry Fighting Vehicles AMX-10P IFV................................................... 2-15 Small Arms BMD-1 Airborne Fighting Vehicle.................... 2-17 AK-74 5.45-mm Assault Rifle ............................. 1-3 BMD-3 Airborne Fighting Vehicle.................... 2-19 RPK-74 5.45-mm Light Machinegun................... 1-4 BMP-1 IFV..................................................... 2-20.1 AK-47 7.62-mm Assault Rifle .......................... 1-4.1 BMP-1P IFV...................................................... 2-21 Sniper Rifles.....................................................
    [Show full text]