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Abbott's Flatland, 61 Accidental Symmetry, 26 Acetanilide, 62Ff

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Index Abbott's Flatland, 61 Antisymmetry (cont.) Accidental symmetry, 26 operations, 190ff Acetanilide, 62ff Archimedean/semiregular polyhedra, 87ff Acetic acid, 96 Architecture, 41, 42, 60, 87, 106, 373 Acetylene, 130 Aromaticity, 322 Adamantane, 129, 131 Artistic expressions, 16, 18, 27, 30, 31, 34, Adamantanes, joint, 131 35, 37, 42, 44, 65, 66, 67, 69, 83, 87, Aesthetic appeal/Beauty/Harmony/Perfection, 90, 99, 150, 191, 194, 240, 324, 349, 1, 13, 16 355,356, 369, 382, 384, 405,457 Alkali halide crystals, 423 Asparagine, 75 Alkali sulfate molecules, 136-137 Asymmetry, 70 Alkanes, 356 Atomic sizes, 420ff Aluminum trichloride, 441ff Aulonia hexagona, 5 Aluminosilicates, 89 Aurelia insulinda, 35 Amino acids, 65, 67, 72ff Average structures, 151-152 Ammonia, 143, 254ff Avogadro's law, 3, 4 Ammonia-aluminum trichloride, 117 Amorphous materials, 456 Bach, J. S., 65 Analogies, 5, 7-8, 60, 67, 74-75, 98-99, Bader, R. E W., 289, 301 114, 139ff, 150, 240, 326, 344, 348, Bands 360ff, 428 one-sided, 342ff Animals, 22ff, 33, 72, 106, 357, 358 scheme to establish the symmetry of, 345 double-headed, 31 seven symmetry classes of, 343 Anisole, 429-430 two-sided bands, 346ff Antarafacial approach, 312, 322 Barlow, W., 405, 422 Antimirror symmetry, 189ff Bart6k, B., 1, 25, 29 Antiprisms, 89, 91, 128 Basic laws of crystals, 385ff Antisymmetry, 70, 189ff, 204 Basis for a representation, 176, 205, 210 elements, 190ff Belousov, B. P, 355 463 464 Index Belousov-Zhabotinsky reactions, 355-356 Character (cont.) Belov, N. V., 81 tables (cont.) Bentley, W. A., 46, 50, 53 C2~, 201,211,249 Benzene, 260ff C3, 259 Benzene derivatives 63, ll5ff, 443 C3v, 186, 202,256 Bernal, J. D., 447 C4~, 246 Bernstein, J., 445 C6, 264 Berry, R. S., 154 D~h, 223 Bersuker, I. B., 284 D2h, 308 Berthelot, M., 2 D3h , 281 Beryllium dichloride, 348 D6h, 263 Bethe, H., 274 Chiral catalysts, 75 Bickart, P., 13 Chiral separation, 75 Bicone, 43 Chirality, 65ff Bicyclo[3.3.3]undecane, 107 of drugs, 74 Bilateral symmetry, 21ff heterochiral, 66-67, 70, 76 Biological macromolecules, 352ff homochiral, 66-67, 70, 76 Biphenyl, 440 cis-3,4-Dimethylcyclobutene, 317 Bipyramids, 43 Class, 167 Blech, I., 453 order of, 168 Bochvar, D. A., 8 Combined symmetries, 38 Bond length variations, 276ff Comparison of structural parameters, 273 Bonding orbital, 241ff, 250 Concerted reactions, 289, 309 Boranes, 122ff Conformational polymorphism, 445-446 Born-Oppenheimer approximation, 239 Conical symmetry, 26 Boron hydrides, 122ff Conrotatory reaction, 316-317, 319-320, 322, Braga, D., 436-437 325-326 Bragg law, 374 Consequences Brain, 24 of complex formation, 116 Bravais lattices, 402-403 of substitution, 115 Brisse, E, 367, 369 Conservation laws of physics, 9 Broken symmetries, 11 Copernical crystallography, 456 Buckminsterfullerene, 3-4, 114, 121 Copernicus, 86 Buerger, M. J., 359 Copper, 29 Bullvalene, 152, 154 Correlation diagrams, 300-301,303ff, 314ff Bunn, C., 456-457 Correspondence diagrams, 301, 311 Butadiene, 313ff Coulson, C. A., 2, 16, 237,300 Covalent radii, 135 (~apek, K., 381-382 Coxeter, H. S. M., 11, 81, 118 Carbides, 340 Creativity, 2 Carbon dioxide, 221ff Crowe, D. W., 345,364 Carboranes, 122, 124 Crystal field effects, 440ff Cartesian displacement vectors, 178-179, 205, Crystal field theory, 273ff 211,218 Crystal polarity, 63 Caspar, D. L. D., 414 Crystal, representation of the 32 point groups, Cesium chloride, 423 391ff Character Crystal structure predictions, 433 of a representation, 182ff Crystal systems, 401 tables, 184ff Crystallite, 451 C2~, 188, 218 Crystalloid, 451 Index 465 Crystals, 62ff, 381ff Donor-acceptor complexes, 117, 444 basic laws of, 385ff Double helix, 73, 352, 354 Cu(II) compounds, 284 Diirer, A., 10, 13, 384 Cubane, 114, 125-126, 128 Dynamic properties, 203 Cube, 80-81, 84-85 Cuboctahedron, 417 Effel, J., 44 Curie, M., 72 Eiffel tower, 41 Curie, P., 71-72 Einstein, A., 9 Curtin, D. Y., 62ff Electrocyclic reaction, 316ff, 321-322, 326 Cycloaddition, 302ff, 322, 326 Electron diffraction patterns, 12 Cyclobutene, 317ff Electronic configuration, 238, 247 Cyclopentane, 151 Electronic states, 247ff Cylinder, 43 Electronic structure, 227ff Cylindrical symmetry, 25 Electronic wave function, 227ff angular, 229-230, 232-233, 237 da Vinci, Leonardo, 5-6, 83 one-electron, 229 Dalton, 387, 390, 408-409, 411 radial, 229, 237 Decorations, 338, 340, 341, 342, 344, 348, total, 234-235 360ff, 369ff, 397,419,421,425 Ellipsoid, 43 side effects of, 372-373 Energy calculations, 434ff Degas, E., 98-99 Energy integral, 272 Degeneracy, 230-231,247 Environmental symmetry, 273ff Degrees of symmetry, 13 Equality concept of M6bius, 12 Democritos, 436-435 Equilibrium structure, 151-152 Dendrimer chemistry, 47-48 Equivalent points, 59 Dendritic snow crystals, 45 Escher, M. C., 367, 369, 371,384, 427 Deoxyribonucleic acid, 352, 354 Ethane, 100, 130 Depero, L., 435 Ethane-l,2-dithiol, 442 Descartes, 50 Ethylene, 130, 302ff, 313ff Dewar, M. J. S., 322 dimerization, 302ff Diamond, 407-408 Euler's equation, 80, 81 Dibenzenechromium, 132-133 Eyring, H., 292, 293 Dicarba-closo-dodecaboranes, 156-157 1,2-Dichloro- 1,2-dibromoethane, 56 Faraday, M., 17 1,2-Dichloroethane, 100 Fedorov, E. S., 11, 385,405 1,2-Dichloroethylene, 100 Ferrocene, 132-133 Diels-Alder reaction, 299-300, 313ff Flowers, 25, 33, 36, 37, 39, 41, 49 1,2-Dihaloethanes, 446 Fukui, K., 3, 289, 299, 302 Diimide, 218ff Fuller, B., 3ff, 414, 436 Dimensionality, 60-61 Fullerene tubular structures, 379 Dimethyl sulfate, 143-142 Fullerenes, 121, 125 Dimolybdenum tetraacetate, 134 Functional purpose, 24 Dirac, P. A. M., 9, 11 Direct product, 200 Gal'pern, E. G., 8 Disrotatory reaction, 316-317, 320,322, 325- Galaxy, 30, 357 326 Gardner, M., 69, 452 Dissymmetry, 70ff Gas/solid structural differences, 440ff DNA, 73 Generalized crystallography, 446ff Dodecahedrane, 118, 125-126, 128 Generalized Woodward-Hoffmann rules, 322 Dodecahedron, 80ff Geodesic Dome, 4-5 466 Index Giger, H., 379 International or Hermann-Mauguin notation, Glass, 448 101-102 Glassy material, 455 Intramolecular cyclization, 316ff Glide reflection, 339ff, 399 Intramolecular motion, 149 Glide symmetry planes, 399, 401 Intramolecular nonbonded 1,3 radii, 134ff Glyceraldehyde, 65, 96 Intramolecular vibrations, 151 Golden mean, 350 Inversion, 56ff, 186-187, 197 Golubitsky, M., 72 Iodine heptafluoride, 155 Goniometers, 387 Iron dendrites, 29 Graphite, 368 Isolobal analogy, 326ff Grepioni, E, 436, 437 Isomerism, 96ff Group multiplication tables, 166-167 Group theory, 163ff, 205 Jahn-Teller effect, 280ff Groups, 163ff cooperative, 285 Grfinbaum, B., 371 dynamic, 284 Guinier, A., 448-449 first-order, 298 second-order, 298 H~ickel, E., 40, 81-82 static, 285 Halevi, E A., 301 Jahn-Teller stabilization energy, 284 Hamilton operator, 228 Jahn-Teller transition, 285 Handedness, 69ff Jellyfish, 33, 35 Hauptman, H., 416 Jones, D. E. H., 5 Hatiy, 386, 388 Heartfield, J., 33, 35 Helical symmetry, 352ff Kaolin, 421 Helices, 69 Kekul6, 17 a-Helix, 353 Kelvin, Lord/Thomson, W. H., 66 Heraldic symmetry, 30 Kepler, J., 10, 22, 49, 81-82, 84, 387, 389, Hexaprismane, 127, 129 411 Hierarchy of isomers, 97 Kitaigorodskii, A. I., 427, 430ff, 440 Hodgkin, D., 408 Klug, A., 414 Hoffmann, R., 3,289, 299, 300ff Koestler, A., 2, 82 HOMO, 299ff, 313ff, 326 Koptsik, V. A., 373,406, 413 Homonuclear diatomics, 249, 250 K6r6s, E., 355 Honeycomb, 368 Kroto, H. W. 5-6 Houk, K. N., 292 Htickel system, 322-323, 325-326 La coupe du roi, 75, 77-78 HiJckel-M6bius concept, 322, 324, 326 reverse, 77, 79 Human body, 21, 23, 72 Law of rational indices, 386 Human face, 23, 27, 28 Law of rational intercepts, 389 Hund, F., 300 LCAO, 239 Hydrogen, 249-250 Left-and-right symmetry, 9, 21ff Hypersymmetry, 438-439 Lehn, J.-M., 429 Hypostrophene, 153-154 Levine, D., 453-454 Levine, R. D., 273 Iceane, 129-130 Lewis's cubical atom, 148-149 Icosahedral packing, 413ff Lewis's theory, 148 Icosahedron, 80-81, 84ff, 413ff Ligand field theory, 273ff Insulin, 408,410 Lipscomb model, 156 Internal coordinates, 205, 213, 219 Lipscomb, W. N., 156 Index 467 Literary examples, 2, 21-22, 47, 49, 57, 61, Molecular symmetries, 103ff 86, 381,384, 391,414, 448,456ff Molecular vibrations, 207ff Loeb, A. L., 13 Muetterties, E., 118-119 Logos, 32, 34, 36, 67, 105, 194 Mulliken, R. S., 300 Longuet-Higgins, H. C., 300 Mulliken symbols, 187-188 Luca Pacioli, 5-6, 83 Multiplicity, 59 Lucretius, 2 Music, 1, 25, 29, 30, 65,339 LUMO, 299ff, 313ff, 326 N-(p-chlorobenzylidine)-p-chloroaniline, 445 MacGillavry, C., 367, 369, 371,427 Nakaya, U., 50ff Machinery parts, 33, 35, 36, 37, 38, 358 Nautilus, 357 Mackay polyhedron, 415 Nonbonded distances, 133ff Mackay, A. L., 9, 12, 391,415-416,446ff Nonbonded interactions, 136 Mackay, R. H., 450 Noncrossing rule, 301 Mamedov, K., 371-372 Noncrystallographic symmetries, 8, 396, 446ff Mann, T., 21, 47 Normal modes of vibration, 207ff, 281ff Marginal stability model, 44 Nucleic acids, 72 Mate selection, 1 Nucleotides, 72-73 Mathematical groups, 163ff rules for, 164ff Octahedron, 80-81, 84-85,417ff Matisse, H., 150-151 Orbitats Matrices, 168ff antibonding, 241ff, 250 block diagonal, 180 atomic, 205,236, 239ff column, 170 frontier, 299 dimension of, 169 molecular, 205, 238ff square, 169 construction of, 238ff unit, 169 Orbital correspondence analysis, 310-311 Mazurs, E. G., 15 Orbital splitting, 274, 276ff, 282ff Mendeleev, D. I., 14 Osawa, E., 7 Mendeleev's periodic system, 14-15 Oscillating reactions, 355-356 Mermin, D., 456 Overlap integral, 241 Metal halides, 152 Metal-carbonyl clusters, 157-158 p-Acetanilide, 64 Metal-metal multiple bonds, 133-134 p-Chloroacetanilide, 62 Methane, 119-120 p-Methyl-N-(p-methylbenzylidene)aniline, 445 derivatives, 96, 115 Packing Michelangelo, 240 dense, 408ff Mirror-rotation symmetry, 58 densest molecular, 430ff Mislow, K., 13 dove-tail, 425 M6bius, equality concept of, 12 head-to-tail, 425, 426 M6bius system, 323ff Paddlanes, 133 Moir6s, 374ff [2.2.2.2]Padlane, 134 Molecular crystals, 424ff para-tert-butylcalix[4]arene, 429-430 geometrical model for, 424ff Paracrystal lattice, 449 Molecular geometry, 95ff Parallelepiped, 57 Molecular point group, scheme to establish, Pasteur, L., 68, 71, 73,453 102-103 Pasteur's models, 68 Molecular polarity, 63 Paul, I.
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    presence of only three signals in the 'H-NMR spectrum ser, H.-P. Krimmer, S. Fischer, M. C. Bohm, H. J. Lindner, Angew. and of six signals in the I3C-NMR spectrum (Table 1) is Chem. 98 (1986) 646; Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 25 (1986) 630; E. consistent with a molecular structure with DZhsymmetry Heilbronner, Z.-Z. Yang, ibid. 99 (1987) 369 and 26 (1987) 360; J. D. Dunitz, C. Kriiger, H. Irngartinger, E. F. Maverick, Y. Wang, M. Nix- dorf, ibid. I00 (1988) 415 and 27 (1988) 387. 131 A. Toyota, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 48 (1975) 1152. Table I. Spectroscopic data of 4, 9, and 10. 'H-NMR (CDCI,, 300 MHz), [4] K. Hafner, G. F. Thiele, Tetrahedron Lett. 26 (1985) 2567. "C-NMR (CDCI,, 75.47 MHz), UV (n-hexane). 151 All the compounds gave correct elemental analyses. 161 R. Y. Levina, N. N. Mezentsova, 0. V. Lebeda, Zh. Obshch. Khim. 29 4: 'H-NMR: 6=1.14-1.28 (m,ISH, tBu), 2.48-3.02 (m, 8H, CHI), 5.75-6.26 (1955) 1079; B. F. Hallam, P. L. Pauson, J. Chem. SOC.1958, 646; K. (m, 4H, olefin-H); UV: A,,,,,(lg&)=253 nm (3.83) Alder, H.-J. Ache, F. H. Flock, Chem. Ber. 93 (1960) 1888; C. F. Wilcox, 9: 'H-NMR: 6=1.16 (s, ISH, tBu), 2.39, 2.86 (2 br. s, 4H, CH2), 5.65 (d, Jr., R. R Craig, J. Am. Chem. SOC.83 (1961) 3866; H. L. Lentzner, W. E. J=2.2 Hz, 2H, 1/8-H), 6.15 (s, 2H, 3/6-H), 6.52 (s, 2H, 9/10-H); UV: Watts, Tetrahedron 27 (1971) 4343.
  • The Platonic Solids and Hydrocarbon Chemistry

    The Platonic Solids and Hydrocarbon Chemistry

    MuchMuch AdoAdo AboutAbout Nothing:Nothing: TheThe PlatonicPlatonic SolidsSolids andand HydrocarbonHydrocarbon ChemistryChemistry Chris Galliford 20th January 2004 IntroductionIntroduction -- TheThe PlatonicPlatonic SolidsSolids •According to Plato, the matter surrounding us and out of which we are made is composed of four elements: fire, earth, water and air. •A fifth element also exists, not part of the physical world, but provides the basis for the construction of the ”heavenly matter”, or ”ether”, and is responsible for the ”beautiful order” of the universe. •These five elements are assigned characteristic regular polyhedra - the tetrahedron (fire), the cube (earth), the octahedron (water), the icosahedron (air) and the pentagonal dodecahedron (ether). •These platonic solids are both pleasing aesthetically, and when considered as a hydrocarbon framework, provide interesting synthetic challenges. www.sbu.ac.uk/water/ platonic.html TetrahedraneTetrahedrane •Tetrahedrane is the only platonic hydrocarbon which has not yet been prepared in unsubstituted form. •126-140 kcal/mol calculated strain energy, kinetically and thermodynamically highly unstable. Tetra-Tetra-terttert-Butyl-Butyl TetrahedraneTetrahedrane t-Bu SiR3 t-Bu t-Bu t-Bu t-Bu t-Bu t-Bu •The stability of tetra-tert-butyltetrahedrane compared to tetrahedrane is attributed to the ”corset effect”. •Intramolecular repulsion between the four tert-butyl groups is at a minimum when their mutual distance is at a maximum. This condition is satisfied by the symmetry of a tetrahedron G. Maier & S. Pfriem Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. (1978), 17, 520 CubaneCubane Cubane, C8H8 was first synthesized by Eaton and Cole in 1964. Octa- and other polynitrocubane derivatives Have attracted considerable military interest, The non-shock sensitive ONC is reported to be 30% more explosive than it’s nearest non- nuclear alternative! P.E.
  • Acoustic Vibrations of Au Nano-Bipyramids and Their

    Acoustic Vibrations of Au Nano-Bipyramids and Their

    Acoustic Vibrations of Au Nano-Bipyramids and their Modification under Ag Deposition: a Perspective for the Development of Nanobalances Benoît Dacosta Fernandes, Miguel Spuch-Calvar, Hatim Baida, Mona Tréguer-Delapierre, Jean Oberlé, Pierre Langot, Julien Burgin To cite this version: Benoît Dacosta Fernandes, Miguel Spuch-Calvar, Hatim Baida, Mona Tréguer-Delapierre, Jean Oberlé, et al.. Acoustic Vibrations of Au Nano-Bipyramids and their Modification under Ag Depo- sition: a Perspective for the Development of Nanobalances. ACS Nano, American Chemical Society, 2013, 7 (9), pp.7630-7639. 10.1021/nn402076m. hal-00874407 HAL Id: hal-00874407 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00874407 Submitted on 1 Mar 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial| 4.0 International License Acoustic Vibrations of Au Nano- Bipyramids and their Modification under Ag Deposition: a Perspective for the Development of Nanobalances Benoıˆt Dacosta Fernandes,† Miguel Spuch-Calvar,‡ Hatim Baida,† Mona Tre´guer-Delapierre,‡ Jean Oberle´,† Pierre Langot,† and Julien Burgin†,* †Univ. Bordeaux, LOMA, UMR 5798, F-33400 Talence, France and ‡CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France ABSTRACT We investigated the acoustic vibrations of gold nanobipyramids and bimetallic gold silver core shell bipyramids, synthesized by wet chemistry techniques, using a high-sensitivity pump probe femtosecond setup.