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MINUTES OF PLENARY MEETINGS HELD INOUENEVA BETWEEN 2 AND 5 MINUTES OF PLENARY MEETINGS HELD INOUENEVA BETWEEN 2 AND 5 AUGUST 1988 BETWEEN A SOUTH AFRICAN DELEGATION AND AN ANGOLAN DELEGATION AND FACILITATED BY A U.S. DELEGATION Participants: South African Delegationt Mr N P van Keerden Dr L D Barnard General J J Geldenhuys Ambassador P J Koornhof Mr J H A Beukes General C J van Tonder Mr G W Babb Mr D W Auret Mr J Boshoff Brig J Sonnekus Ambassador A L Manley Mr A Jaquet Mr R Desmarais Angolan Delegation: Lt-Gen Antonio Dos Santos Franca Ndalu Lt-Gen Francisco agalhaes Paiva Nyunda Mr Fernando V Dias Franca van Dunem Mr Venancio da Silva Moura Antonio Pitra Nato Manuel Pedro Pacavira Armindo do Espirito Santo Vieira Col. Antonio Jose Maria Lt-Col Mario Placido Cirilo de Sa r Gilberto da Piedade Verissimo Mr Stone Carlos Cuban Delegation Mr C Aldana General U Rosales Mr R Alarcon General R Acevedo Mr J Arbesu General J Bermudez Mr R Puente Colonel E Morejon Er A Hidalgo US Delegation Dr C Crocker Ambassador 3 Cohen Ambassador 9 Perkins Mr J Woods Mr C Snider Mr L Rapper Mr N Malinley Ms R Raphel DR CROCKER welcomed the delegations to Geneva and said that the step-by- step approach which had proved useful in past meetings should now be continued. It was obvious that the parties now faced more substantial issues than in the past and he wished to hear what the approach of the delegations was and what their priorities were. MR VAN KEERDEN said that a meeting s6 soon after New York was a sign of encouragement. Before turning to more substantive issues, he extended an invitation to the other delegations to attend a reception at ambassador Manley's residence the following day. GENERAL NDALU responded by saying that considerable headway had been made since New York and that delegations had put a great deal of work into the initiative. Angola was now In a position to make further progress. Be restated his approach that there should be no winners or losers and that a solution acceptable to all delegations be found. He also accepted with thanks Mr Van Heerden's invitation to the reception. MR VAN HEERDEN. (verbatim remarks) OALs I have said before we are encouraged to meet so soon after New York to pursue the work that we started there. We would like to start our presentation by refering to the recent meeting at Sal Island which\:&lid not in all respects produce the kind of concrete results that we had hoped it would. The South African Govermzent did not find the proposals adequate and we must register the fact that we failed to reach an agreement to cease hostilities. The delegates at Sal agreed that the unresolved issues would be taken further and discussed and pursued in Geneva. We a ready to do so here. In the meantime I can inform you that the South African Government has conducted a comprehensive review of the negotiations that we have had to date. As we had anticipated - and I believe I speak for all delegations -we will reach a point where we would need to address the core issues surrounding these negotiations. It is our belief that that point has now been reached. These core issues will require sober decisions on the part of all parties in their own sovereign right. As we have said before and as the distinguished delegate from Angola, General Ndalu has just again reaffirmed, it is also our view that there should be no losers in this negotiating process. It is against this background and in the spirit of the principles to which we agreed in New York, that the South African Government has mandated this delegation to propose the ist of November 1988 as the date for the implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 435(78) (UNSCR 435/78). In terms of this proposal elections in Namibia will take place on the 1st of June 1989. This will allow a period of three months, starting now, for the Secretary-General to make its preparations for the implementation of that recolution. Secondly, in the spirit of the principles and understandings which resulted from the meeting in New York it follows that.. the phased and total, withdrawal of Cuban troops from Angola -. by agreement between the Governments of Angola and Cuba will. 4 be completed by I June 1989, the date of the elections in Namibia. What are the implications of this proposal in practice? What are the things that we will need to do starting the very moment that we can reach agreement on this proposal? Firstly, we will have to have a reaffirmation of the commitment-, which we believe has already been made, to an effective ceasefire and the cessation of hostilities - this we believe can be put in place with effect from the 10th of August 1998. Secondly - and I am dealing with the practical implications of our proposal - we will have the commencement of the process of withdrawal and redeployment of South African and Cuban troops from Angola and restrictions on SWAPO to prevent further incidents which might Jeopardise the cessation of hostilities. Thirdly, the process of completion of withdrawal of South African troops from Angola by the 1st of September 1988. Fourthly, the esta-' blishment of a liaison and monitoring comnittee which we believe, Nr Chairman, should already be finalised here in Geneva while we are here, to decide not later than the 9th of August on a mechanism or mechanisms to put effect to this arrangement. Fifthly, the commencement of effective monLtoring and verification of this arrangement starting on the 20th of August 1988. We believe further details of withdrawal schedules are to be determined in accordance with paragraphs A and C of the principles on which we agreed in New York. We also believe that this is an area on which more work has to be done by way of separate discussions in a format on which we -may agree upon. In addition to the above aspects there are other important Implications of this proposal by the South African Government,. flowing from the. principles accepted at Now York, - I am referring to the financial implications of Resolution 435 including the financial consequences flowing from South Africa s withdrawal.. from SwA/Namibia. In this regard South Africa would wish to knowt a) how are the costs of the implementation of Resolution 435 to be defrayed. These costs are estimated variously but some will have it-as high as Ri,500 million; b) what arrangements will be made by the Permanent Members of the Security Council of the United Nations, to help finance the administration of Namibia including matters such as bank guarantees for loans for which the South African Government is responsible, after the implemntation of Resolution 435 when South Africa of necessity co-mences its withdrawal from the territory. A further important implication of the principles that we accepted in New York - I am now referring to point G of the principles - concerns, as far as South Africa is concerned the military support and training facilities provided to the African National Congress in Angola. This involvement includes the following; there are training bases in Angola ihe members of the AE who have fled South Africa are provided basic military training: a) At Viana there is a transit basa where approximately 300 people are housed in an area only 11 km away from Luanda. b) At Caculama there is a training camp which exists since 1961 approximately 50 km north of the town of Caculama. c) At Quibaxe there is a training camp also known as Camp 13 approximately 20 km outside the town of Quibaxe and. 6 t i.s base has been in existence since 1978. d) At Pango there is also a training base which has been there since 1979 also known as the David Rabkin Centre and it is known to us that in 1984 thee was an insurection at the camp and a number of the members of the ANC were executed before a firing-squad. e) Another camp for the training of the ANC is near the town of Malanje. f) Then we are also aware of the Quatro Rehabilitation Centre approximately 30 km west of Quibaxe. g) Finally, there is the Quela-farm near the town of Quela in the north east of Angola which belongs to the ANC. This situation, Mr Chairman, is unacceptable to the South African Government. These acts which result in the killing of civilians in South Africa are committed from Angolan territory and that is not acceptable to the South Ifrican Government. This is an aspect which has to be addressed following on the principles that were accepted in New York. I come to my conclusion and I wish to say that if the proposals that the South African Government has mandated my delegation to make to you today are accepted, it is our firm belief thar there will be no losers around this table. The sovereignty of Angola will be put beyond question. SWA/Namibia will have its independence through free and fair elections and the missions of all parties will have been accomplished. Peace will have been restored to our region and the door will have been opened for all of us to attend to the social and economic development of the peoples of southern Africa." M CROCK mnted that the South African Government' s proposal covered a lot of ground and wan related to the agenda that the United States had put to parties before the meeting.

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