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Hydraulics of Roman Aqueducts : Steep Chutes, Cascades and Dropshafts." American Jl of Archaeology, Vol
CHANSON, H. (2000). "Hydraulics of Roman Aqueducts : Steep Chutes, Cascades and Dropshafts." American Jl of Archaeology, Vol. 104, No. 1, Jan., pp. 47-72 (ISSN 0002-9114). Hydraulics of Roman Aqueducts : Steep Chutes, Cascades and Dropshafts H. CHANSON Abstract This paper examines the archaeological evidence for steep chutes, cascades and drop shafts in Roman aqueducts. It also presents comparative data on steep descent water flow in aqueducts based on physical model tests. It is suggested that the Romans were aware of the hydraulic problems posed by supercritical water flows, and that the technological solutions they imposed were rudimentary but sound. For example, they understood the need for energy dissipation devices such as stilling basin and dropshaft.* The Roman aqueduct remains one of the best examples of hydraulic expertise in antiquity. Many aqueducts were used, repaired and maintained for centuries and some, such as the aqueduct of Carthage (Tunisia), are still partly in use today.1 Most aqueducts consisted of long, flat sections interspersed by shorter steep drops. Despite arguments suggesting that Roman aqueducts maintained a fluvial flow regime 2, the present study suggests that these steep drops produced supercritical flows requiring a technical response to ensure normal water flow. It is argued that the Romans employed three methods to address this problem: chutes followed by stilling basins, stepped channels, and dropshafts. STEEP CHUTES AND STEPPED CASCADES : HYDRAULIC CONSIDERATIONS A chute is characterized by a steep bed slope associated with torrential flow (fig. 1 and 2). This chute flow may be either smooth (fig. 2A) or stepped (fig. 2B). Roman designers used both designs as well as single drops along aqueducts (Tables 1 and 2). -
Verification of Adopted Decisions and Recommendations
Executive Board Annual Session !"# "! Rome, 9–12 June 2008 President: H.E. José Eduardo Barbosa (Cape Verde) Alternate: H.E. El Hadj Thierno Mamadou Cellou Diallo (Guinea) Vice-President: Mr Evgeny F. Utkin (Russian Federation) Alternate: Ms Oksana Dramaretska (Ukraine) Member: Ms Lamya Ahmed Al-Saqqaf (Kuwait) Alternate: Mr Noel D. de Luna (Philippines) Member: Mr Manuel Antonio Álvarez Espinal (Peru) Alternate: H.E. Enrique Moret Echeverría (Cuba) Member: H.E. James Alexander Harvey (United Kingdom) Alternate: Mr Richard Newberg (United States of America) Rapporteur: Mr Vladimir Kuznetsov (Russian Federation) $ %& $ '% ( EE Distribution: GENERAL 12 June 2008 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH This document is printed in a limited number of copies. Executive Board documents are available on WFP’s WEB site (http://www.wfp.org/eb). WFP/EB.A/2008/16 i & Page Adoption of the Agenda 1 Appointment of the Rapporteur 1 CURRENT AND FUTURE STRATEGIC ISSUES 2008/EB.A/1 Opening Statement by the Executive Director 1 ANNUAL REPORTS 2008/EB.A/2 Annual Performance Report for 2007 1 POLICY ISSUES 2008/EB.A/3 WFP Strategic Plan (2008–2011) 1 2008/EB.A/4 WFP Communications Strategy 2 RESOURCE, FINANCIAL AND BUDGETARY MATTERS 2008/EB.A/5 Audited Biennial Accounts (2006–2007) 2 2008/EB.A/6 WFP Pledging Target (2009–2010) 2 2008/EB.A/7 Update on the WFP Management Plan (2008–2009) 3 2008/EB.A/8 Progress Report on the Implementation of the External Auditor 3 Recommendations 2008/EB.A/9 Report of the Inspector General 4 EVALUATION REPORTS -
MPLA Documents on the Founding of the People's Republic of Angola CONTENTS
LSM PRESS Printed and Published by LSM INFORMATION CENTER P.O. Box 94338, Richmond, B.C. CANADA V6Y 2A8 ISBN 0-919914-37-3 ROAD TO LIBERATION MPLA Documents on the founding of the People's Republic of Angola CONTENTS INTRODUCTION V LONG LIVE THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF ANGOLA! l LONG LIVE COMRADE PRESIDENT NETO! 9 THE NATIONAL FLAG, EMBLEM, AND ANTHEM OF THE PRA .................... 12 MPLA: A BRIEF HISTORY 15 GLORY TO THOSE WHO FALL IN COMBAT 48 CONSTITUTION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF ANGOLA . 49 ii ATLANTIC OCEAN iii ANGOLA ZAIRE ZAMBIA NAMIBIA iv Introduction Angolan Independence Day, 11 November 1975 - the attention of the entire world was centering on Angola. Like Spain in the late thirties and Vietnam in recent years, Angola had become a focal point in the global struggle between the forces of exploi tation and reaction and those of progress and human dignity. The Angolan people, led by the Popular Movement for the Libera tion of Angola, was confronting the barbarous might of imperi alism, determined to drown the Angolan Revolution in blood. This decisive character of Angola's Independence was strongly reflected in the ceremonies which marked 11 November. In the joyous but tense capital of Luanda, fully mobilized to defend itself from invasion troops no more than twenty miles away, MPLA's President, Agostinho Neto, proclaimed the People's Re public of Angola in the city's First of May Square as the thou sands of liberation movement militants and people from across the country embraced and vowed to protect what they had fought and sacrificed so much for. -
Descriptors for Taro (Colocasia Esculenta)
TARO-Eng-cov 10-12-1999 16:29 Pagina 1 Descriptors for ColocasiaTar o esculenta TaroEn.qxd 29-03-2000 10:48 Pagina B List of Descriptors Almond (revised) * (E) 1985 Phaseolus acutifolius (E) 1985 Apple (E) 1982 Phaseolus coccineus * (E) 1983 Apricot * (E) 1984 Phaseolus vulgaris * (E) 1982 Avocado (E,S) 1995 Pigeonpea (E) 1993 Bambara groundnut (E) 1987 Pineapple (E) 1991 Banana (E,S,F) 1996 Pistacia (excluding Pistacia vera) (E) 1998 Barley (E) 1994 Pistachio (E,F) 1997 Beta (E) 1991 Plum * (E) 1985 Black pepper (E,S) 1995 Potato variety * (E) 1985 Brassica and Raphanus (E) 1990 Quinua * (E) 1981 Brassica campestris L. (E) 1987 Rice * (E) 1980 Buckwheat (E) 1994 Rye and Triticale * (E) 1985 Capsicum (E,S) 1995 Safflower * (E) 1983 Cardamom (E) 1994 Sesame * (E) 1981 Carrot (E,S,F) 1998 Setaria italica Cashew (E) 1986 and S. pumilia (E) 1985 Cherry * (E) 1985 Sorghum (E,F) 1993 Chickpea (E) 1993 Soyabean * (E,C) 1984 Citrus (E) 1988 Strawberry (E) 1986 Coconut (E) 1992 Sunflower * (E) 1985 Coffee (E,S,F) 1996 Sweet potato (E,S,F) 1991 Colocasia * (E) 1980 Tea (E,S,F) 1997 Cotton (Revised) (E) 1985 Tomato (E, S, F) 1996 Cowpea (E) 1983 Tropical fruit * (E) 1980 Cultivated potato * (E) 1977 Vigna aconitifolia Echinochloa millet * (E) 1983 and V. trilobata (E) 1985 Eggplant (E,F) 1990 Vigna mungo Faba bean * (E) 1985 and V. radiata (Revised) * (E) 1985 Finger millet (E) 1985 Walnut (E) 1994 Forage grass * (E) 1985 Wheat (Revised) * (E) 1985 Forage legumes * (E) 1984 Wheat and Aegilops * (E) 1978 Grapevine (E,S,F) 1997 White Clover (E) 1992 Groundnut (E,S,F) 1992 Winged Bean * (E) 1979 Kodo millet * (E) 1983 Xanthosoma (E) 1989 Lentil * (E) 1985 Yam (E,S,F) 1997 Lima bean * (E) 1982 Lupin * (E,S) 1981 Maize (E,S,F) 1991 IPGRI publications are available free of charge Mango (E) 1989 to the libraries of genebanks, university Medicago (Annual) * (E,F) 1991 departments, research institutions, etc. -
The Count of Saint-Gilles and the Saints of the Apocalypse
University of Tennessee, Knoxville Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 8-2015 The ounC t of Saint-Gilles and the Saints of the Apocalypse: Occitanian Piety and Culture in the Time of the First Crusade Thomas Whitney Lecaque University of Tennessee - Knoxville, [email protected] Recommended Citation Lecaque, Thomas Whitney, "The ounC t of Saint-Gilles and the Saints of the Apocalypse: Occitanian Piety and Culture in the Time of the First Crusade. " PhD diss., University of Tennessee, 2015. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3434 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Trace: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a dissertation written by Thomas Whitney Lecaque entitled "The ounC t of Saint-Gilles and the Saints of the Apocalypse: Occitanian Piety and Culture in the Time of the First Crusade." I have examined the final electronic copy of this dissertation for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, with a major in History. Jay Rubenstein, Major Professor We have read this dissertation and recommend its acceptance: Thomas Burman, Jacob Latham, Rachel Golden Accepted for the Council: Dixie L. Thompson Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official student records.) The Count of Saint-Gilles and the Saints of the Apocalypse: Occitanian Piety and Culture in the Time of the First Crusade A Dissertation Presented for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Thomas Whitney Lecaque August 2015 ii Copyright © 2015 by Thomas Whitney Lecaque All rights reserved. -
Cl 135/Rep Issn 0251-5296
CL 135/REP ISSN 0251-5296 0251-5296 ISSN REPORT OF THE COUNCIL OF FAO Hundred and Thirty-fifth Session Rome, 17 November 2008 COUNCIL (until 31 December 2008) Independent Chairperson of the Council: Mohammed Saeid Noori Naeini Australia 1 India 1 Republic of Moldova 2 Bangladesh 2 Indonesia 1 Russian Federation 3 Belgium 3 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 2 Saudi Arabia 1 Bolivia 3 Italy 1 Senegal 3 3 Brazil Japan 2 South Africa 2 Canada 3 Kenya 3 Sudan 3 Chile 2 Kuwait 3 Sweden 1 1 China 2 Lebanon Thailand 2 Congo 3 Madagascar 1 Trinidad and Tobago 3 Côte d'Ivoire 1 Malaysia 2 Turkey 3 3 3 Cuba Mexico Ukraine 2 Egypt 1 Morocco 3 United Kingdom 1 El Salvador 1 Niger 3 United States of America 3 1 Ethiopia 2 Nigeria Uruguay 2 France 1 Pakistan 1 Zambia 1 Gabon 2 Panama 2 Germany 2 Republic of Korea 2 1 Term of office until 31 December 2008. 2 Term of office until the conclusion of the Thirty-sixth Session of the Conference, November 2009. 3 Term of office until 31 December 2010. COUNCIL (as from 1 January 2009) Independent Chairperson of the Council: Mohammed Saeid Noori Naeini Afghanistan 3 Ghana 3 Republic of Moldova 1 Australia 3 India 3 Russian Federation 2 Bangladesh 1 Indonesia 3 Saudi Arabia 3 Belgium 2 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 1 Senegal 2 Bolivia 2 Italy 3 South Africa 1 Brazil 2 Japan 1 Sudan 2 Canada 2 Kenya 2 Thailand 1 Chile 1 Kuwait 2 Trinidad and Tobago 2 China 1 Malaysia 1 Turkey 2 Congo 2 Mauritania 3 Ukraine 1 Cuba 2 Mexico 2 United Kingdom 3 Egypt 3 Morocco 2 United Republic of Tanzania 3 El Salvador 3 Niger 2 United States of America 2 Ethiopia 1 Norway 3 Uruguay 1 France 3 Pakistan 3 Zimbabwe 3 Gabon 1 Panama 1 Germany 1 Republic of Korea 1 1 Term of office until the conclusion of the Thirty-sixth Session of the Conference, November 2009. -
Claudius and Trajan•S Marine Harbors on the Tiber Delta
Quaternary International 216 (2010) 3–13 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary International journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quaint Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction of the ancient harbors of Rome: Claudius and Trajan’s marine harbors on the Tiber delta Jean-Philippe Goiran a,*, Herve´ Tronche`re b, Ferre´ol Salomon c, Pierre Carbonel d, Hatem Djerbi b, Carole Ognard b a CNRS – UMR 5133 – Maison de l’Orient et de la Me´diterrane´e, 7 rue Raulin, 69007 Lyon, France b Universite´ de Lyon – UMR 5133, 7 rue Raulin, 69007 Lyon, France c Universite´ de Lyon – UMR 5600, 5 avenue Pierre Mendes-France, 69676 Bron cedex, France d UMR 5805 EPOC Avenue des Faculte´s, 33405 Talence cedex, France article info abstract Article history: During the first and second centuries AD, Emperor Claudius and then Emperor Trajan successively Available online 4 November 2009 ordered the construction of two large harbors on the Tyrrhenian coast. Research resulted in advances in understanding the palaeoenvironments of the Portus. From a bathymetric point of view, the drillings indicate a 7/8 m depth for the main basins. Different sedimentary behaviors were observed: Claudius’ basin shows sand accretion, whereas the access channel to Trajan’s basin shows mud accumulation. Trajan built the second hexagonal basin because Claudius’ harbor did not protect the ships from the wind and swell, and not because it was prone to rapid silting. In terms of chronology, the channel between both basins worked between the end of the 2nd century and the beginning of the 5th century, when it became completely clogged. -
Söndag 30 Maj
SÖNDAG 30 MAJ ELITLOPPET 2021 FÖRSTA START 13:00 V75 NR 27 || SOLVALLA NR 36 HÅLLTIDER SÖNDAG 30 MAJ Kl 12.00 Bilprovstarter Kl 12.30 Bilprovstarter (+ kort monté) Kl 13.00 Lopp 1 Kl 13.00 Lopp 5: V75-1 Kl 15.30 Lopp 6: V75-2 Elitloppet - Försök 1 Presenteras av Kl 16.00 Lopp 7: V75-3 Elitloppet - Försök 2 Presenteras av Kl 16.35 Lottning Elitloppets final Kl 17.20 Lopp 8: V4-1 Kl 18.10 Lopp 12: Elitloppet - Final Presenteras av 60 61 210528-30_Solvalla_V75_x3.inddElitloppet BP_2021.indd 3 61 2021-05-242021-05-17 13:5117:25 PRESENTATION – FÖRSÖK 1 Elitloppet - Presenteras av 1 VIVID WISE AS 2 MONI VIKING 5 HICKOTHEPOOH 6 BAHIA QUESNOT Vivid Wise As var favoritspelad i sitt försök ifjol, men hade Moni Viking segerdefilerade under Elitloppshelgen ifjol då Hickothepooh är årets stora joker - detta efter att ha I slutet på januari vann Bahia Quesnot världens största då inte sin bästa dag och är tillbaka för att ta revansch i han vann Harper Hanovers lopp. Karriärens största seger överraskat rejält då han spurtade hem karriärens största montélopp Prix de Cornulier med 315.000 euro i förstapris Elitloppet. 2019 i Cagnes-Sur-Mer noterade han sitt rekord kom dock senare under året i Åbys Stora Pris med två seger och vann Finlandia Ajo vilket förutom förstapriset vilket är karriärens hittills största seger, men meriterna från 1.08.6 över Elitloppsdistansen och har levererat fina insatse miljoner kronor i förstapris - båda vinsterna på nytt världs- 110.000 euro även gav en direktplats till Elitloppet 2021. -
'La Méditerranée in Albert Camus's Early Writings
‘LA MÉDITERRANÉE’ IN ALBERT CAMUS’S EARLY WRITINGS by JINGCHAO JIANG A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS BY RESEARCH French Studies School of Languages, Cultures, Art History and Music College of Arts and Law The University of Birmingham September 2014 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This thesis is centred on Camus’s early writings in relation to the development of the writer’s reflections on ‘La Méditerranée’. Its aim is to analyse how the concept of ‘La Méditerranée’ evolves in Camus’s early works, whether they are intellectual or creative. Analysis is conducted via three phases of Camus’s early writings: (1) from 1933 to August 1936, three preliminary key ideas regarding ‘La Méditerranée’ – ‘A Greco-Roman world’, ‘Le Midi et la mesure’, and ‘Embracing this-worldly life’ – are drawn; (2) following Nietzsche’s identification of two Ancient Greeces – pre-Socratic and post-Socratic, Camus systematically defines ‘La Méditerranée’ as a region full of the sunshine and the sea and as a culture which implies the sense of life, internationalism, a recognition of ‘la mesure et la limite’, instead of Christianity, nationalism and excessive military might based on the post-Socratics’ excessive rationality; (3) the literary text of L’Étranger is shown as closely connected with the key ideas concerning the Mediterranean elucidated in the previous two phases. -
Sunday, February 15, 2015 Bret Hanover
Sunday, February 15, 2015 With Superstars Abounding, 50 Years Ago, stretch at the Illinois State Fair to end the streak at 35. Harness Racing Was "America's Fastest That was shocking enough, but two weeks later the sons of Adios met again at the Indiana State Fair in a select Growing Sport five-horse field. Bret set honest fractions in the first heat as By Dean A. Hoffman Adios Vic rode the caboose, and Bret hit the wire more A half-century ago, giants roamed the landscape of slightly more than a length ahead of Adios Vic. American harness racing. The time of 1:55 was the fastest mile ever by a They are immortals now but they were living legends sophomore Standardbred and it matched Adios Harry's during the 1965 season. It was a heady time in harness all-age race record. Bret and Ervin basked in the spotlight. racing when attendance and handle were soaring and the But not for long. Ervin put Bret in front the second heat but USTA issued decals with the slogan: "Harness Racing: set more moderate fractions with Adios Vic third along the America's Fastest Growing Sport." rail. In the stretch, Adios Vic shot past Bret to inflict a It was a time in America when LBJ sat in the White second humiliating defeat on the champ. House presiding over an escalating war in Vietnam, the Bret's misery wasn't over. In that era, stakes usually Beatles led an invasion of required a horse to win two heats, so Bret and Vic returned British music, and the Ford to the track for a raceoff. -
Committee on Fisheries
FAO Fisheries Report No. 830 FIEL/R830 (En) ISSN 0429-9337 Report of the twenty-seventh session of the COMMITTEE ON FISHERIES Rome, 5–9 March 2007 Copies of FAO publications can be requested from: Sales and Marketing Group Communication Division FAO Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00153 Rome, Italy E-mail: [email protected] Fax: (+39) 06 57053360 FAO Fisheries Report No. 830 FIEL/R830 (En) Report of the twenty-seventh session of the COMMITTEE ON FISHERIES Rome, 5–9 March 2007 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2007 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. ISBN 978-92-5-105738-4 All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders. -
Recherches Régionales N°202
SOMMAIRE RECHERCHES Colloque : Terres et gens de frontières REGIONALES Introduction P 1 Par Yvan Gastaut Le règlement des contentieux frontaliers dans les Alpes-Maritimes au cours des années 1950-1960 Alpes-Maritimes Par Stéphane Mourlane P 6 Histoire orale d’une « frontière » : constitution d’un corpus interdisciplinaire de témoignages oraux Par Thierry Rosso P 14 La fabrique du territoire des Alpes ligures et Un paysage laboratoire à l’échelle méditerranéenne ? Par C. Garnero Morena P 23 Les troupes de théâtre de part et d’autre de la frontière au XIXe siècle P 30 Contrées limitrophes Par Isabella Vasile Circulation, diffusion et création artistique en Piémont, 53e année Ligurie du ponant et comté de Nice aux XIVe et XVe siècles Par Jean-Baptiste Pisano P 37 2012 Images de la Côte d’Azur chez Hugo Juillet-décembre Par Roger Klotz P 45 Réflexions sur l’opinion publique et les élections dans les Alpes-Maritimes de 1860 à 1875 Par Jacques Basso P 50 Liste des sous-préfets de Grasse de 1860 à 1940 N° 202 P 85 Par Jean-Bernard Lacroix Soldati : voir l’Amérique Par Ettore Janulardo P 92 L’origine géographique en Italie des résistants d’origine italienne dans le Var ISSN 2105-2891 Par Jean Sarramea P 97 Inventaire du contenu du tronc de l’oratoire Saint-Roch de Valabres (commune de Roure) Par Jean-Claude Linck P 100 Comptes-rendus bibliographiques P 104 0 COLLOQUE TERRES ET GENS DE FRONTIÈRES Yvan GASTAUT Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis 1 La question de la frontière est une thématique régulièrement abordée dans Recherches Régionales.