La Force Du Destin

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La Force Du Destin La Force du destin Mise à jour 2011 L’Avant-Scène Opéra n° 126 décembre 1989 Discographie mise à jour 2011 Jean Cabourg Notre discographie de 1989 a été Plus tard, à Paris comme à New 1941: Marinuzzi entièrement revue et mise à jour York, on conservera le duo du duel pour ce supplément. mais non le chœur qui précède, alors Si naturellement offerte au décou- que d’une intégrale à l’autre on consta- page en airs séparés, La Forza ne re- La difficulté est moins aujourd’hui, tera d’autres interpolations ou inter- compose ses fragments, d’ailleurs in- d’évaluer les mérites et les limites ventions des scènes, principalement complets, qu’en 1941, à travers cette d’une œuvre aussi populaire et atta- dans le cours de l’acte III, particulière- première intégrale 78 tours confiée au chante, que de trouver les interprètes à ment malmené. grand chef sicilien Gino Marinuzzi, même d’en assumer la vocalité, décli- De là à conclure que cette succes- wagnérien émérite, créateur de La Ron- née en quatre rôles de premier plan et sion de tableaux et de numéros vocaux dine de Puccini, qui, pour avoir redé- plusieurs emplois de composition, né- ne fait pas un opéra, il n’y aurait qu’un couvert une Lucrezia Borgia, une Stra- cessaires au mélange des genres qui la pas à franchir. Verdi lui-même, si on le niera ou même Così, n’en demeure pas caractérise. Les grandes voix ver- lit superficiellement, semble parfois y moins un enfant de la haute époque diennes venant à se raréfier, on ne inviter, qui feint de limiter son ambi- du vérisme. s’étonnera pas de rencontrer dans tion à la simple expression de passions Faute d’un écho sonore de la reprise notre discographie revue et complétée, fortes : « Il n’y a certes pas besoin d’être de La Forza avec Muzio et Gigli, en plus de témoignages du passé, lointain [dans La Forza], très fort en solfège, il 1933 à La Scala (alors que l’Alvaro que ou proche, que d’accomplissements ré- suffit d’avoir une âme, de comprendre nous laisse Gigli à travers ses larges ex- cents. La comparaison de la version le texte et de l’exprimer. » Nul doute en traits de 1951 est bien automnal!), on milanaise, définitive, de 1869, avec le tout cas que cette œuvre de maturité et se réjouira d’entendre et de réentendre premier état de la partition, celui de la cependant moins heureuse dans le repiquage de cette première inté- création à Saint-Pétersbourg en 1862, l’équilibre du drame et de la légèreté grale de studio, dont le son, plutôt mé- est aujourd’hui facilitée par l’arrivée de que le génial Bal masqué, ne doive sa tallique, est suffisant, et l’interpréta- l’enregistrement Gergiev de 1995, com- cohésion et une certaine grandeur dra- tion sinon toujours orthodoxe, du plétant utilement l’essai Matheson- matique qu’à de grands chefs capables moins excitante. L’orchestre y est assez BBC de 1981. D’une édition discogra- d’en unifier le style vocal et, plus large- bien défini en ses cordes, comme dans phique à l’autre, le visage de l’œuvre ment, musical, faute de quoi l’opéra se la dynamique de ses emportements et varie. Il convient donc de préciser de réduit à une suite de numéros plus ou des moments de religiosité ou d’apai- quelle Forza il est chaque fois question. moins réussis. Du moins l’œuvre a- sement, la direction suffisamment t-elle su séduire tous les monstres sa- pondérée et active, juste un peu trop crés du théâtre lyrique. Ainsi, dès 1918 indulgente par moments en ces temps LA FORZA de Milan (1869) au Met, Rosa Ponselle, pour ses dé- héroïques de l’enregistrement studio, buts, au côté de Caruso et De Luca. devant les libertés prises par les chan- Nous possédons, sinon un témoignage teurs. Celle universellement répandue a sonore de ces fastes vocaux, du moins Les élans véristes de la Caniglia sont connu de nombreux avatars, accom- une mosaïque de ce que dix ans plus mieux en situation ici qu’en bien modée au gré de la fantaisie des tard les mêmes Ponselle et De Luca of- d’autres occasions. Il est d’ailleurs plus théâtres, des chefs ou des chanteurs. fraient, aux côtés cette fois de Marti- facile de s’en gausser que de recon- Son agencement et son contenu n’ont nelli, en état de grâce, et Pinza, inap- naître à son soprano dramatique cessé de varier depuis cinquante ans. proché depuis, c’est-à-dire un florilège l’exacte dimension du rôle et à son Que l’on sache par exemple que la des grands moments de la partition chant une italianità dont tant d’autres version de Bruno Walter de 1943 au qui ne présente qu’un seul défaut, ce- (Milanov, Price par exemple) sont Met comme celle réalisée la même an- lui de décourager toute comparaison, franchement dépourvues. Certains ai- née pour la Cetra par Marinuzzi opè- en termes de critères vocaux, à partir gus trompetants, certaines saccades ex- rent des coupes claires dans le troi- de ce qui demeure une écrasante réfé- pressionnistes du phrasé n’altèrent pas sième acte, principalement le duo Al- rence discographique. gravement un chant de belle tenue, varo-Carlo, « Né gustare m’è dato » ; que Nous essaierons néanmoins de faire nonobstant les « Fatalità ! fatalità ! » celle mitonnée par Stiedry dès 1952 ne notre miel des quelque 36 intégrales grandiloquents qui signent une comporte pas la scène de l’auberge du II ici visitées, sans prétention à l’exhaus- époque. Trompetant et demi le fou- mais, au contraire de la précédente, tivité, alors que chaque jour voit fleu- gueux Masini, mais large, étincelant, offre le duo précité, tandis que Prezio- rir en CD un nouveau document pré- véritable épée de lumière (comme hier silla réduite à une simple comprimaria tendu jusqu’alors « introuvable » ou d’une certaine façon Martinelli), délié pour de sordides questions de budget telle nouveauté d’un moindre intérêt. dans ses récitatifs, moins sanglotant (le Met comptait alors ses dollars), voit que tant d’autres après lui, plus sa scène initiale sensiblement déplacée. convaincu et convaincant en tout cas, 2 L’Avant-Scène Opéra n° 126 LA FORCE DU DESTIN – Version de Milan (1869), intégrales et sélections date 1941 1942 1943 – 23.I 1943 – 27.XI 1951 – 16.VIII direction Gino Marinuzzi Arthur Rother Bruno Walter Bruno Walter Antonino Votto orchestre EIAR de Turin Radio de Berlin Metropolitan Metropolitan Teatro Municipal il marchese di Calatrava Ernesto Dominici Louis D’Angelo Frederick Lechner Giuseppe Modesti donna Leonora Maria Caniglia Hilde Scheppan Stella Roman Stella Roman Elisabetta Barbato don Carlos di Vargas Carlo Tagliabue Heinrich Schlusnus Lawrence Tibbett Lawrence Tibbett Enzo Mascherini don Alvaro Galliano Masini Helge Rosvaenge Frederic Jagel Frederic Jagel Beniamino Gigli Preziosilla Ebe Stignani Ira Petina Anna Kaskas Anna-Maria Canali il Padre Guardiano Tancredi Pasero Ludwig Hofmann Ezio Pinza Ezio Pinza Giulio Neri fra Melitone Saturno Meletti Salvatore Baccaloni Salvatore Baccaloni Guillermo Neviamo Curra Liana Avogadro Thelma Votipka Thelma Votipka Carmen Pimentel un Alcade Dario Caselli Lorenzo Alvary Lorenzo Alvary Antonio Lembo Mastro Trabuco Giuseppe Nessi Alessio de Paolis Alessio de Paolis Nino Crimi un Chirurgo Ernesto Dominici John Gurney John Gurney Antonio Lembo édition Cetra Ponto (sélection) AS/The Fourties GAO - EJS 561 (sélection) SR (sélection) support cd cd (allemand) cd lp cd enregistrement mono studio mono live mono live mono live mono live date 1951 – 20.VIII 1951 – 3.IX 1952 – 29.XI 1952 – XII 1952 direction Fritz Busch Argeo Quadri Fritz Stiedry Hans Schmidt-Isserstedt Armando La Rosa Parodi orchestre Royal Philharmonic Radio Hollandaise Metropolitan NWDR Hambourg Teatro alla Scala il marchese di Calatrava Stanley Mason Asd de Rijk Lubomir Vichegenov Siegmund Roth Gino Calò donna Leonora Walburga Wegner Antonietta Stella Zinka Milanov Carla Martinis Adriana Guerrini don Carlos di Vargas Marko Rothmüller Rolando Panerai Leonard Warren Josef Metternich Anselmo Colzani don Alvaro David Poleri José Soler Richard Tucker Rudolf Schock Giuseppe Campora Preziosilla Mildred Miller Amalia Pini Mildred Miller Martha Mödl Miriam Pirazzini il Padre Guardiano Bruce Dargaval Enzo Feliciati Jerome Hines Gottlob Frick Giuseppe Modesti fra Melitone Owen Brannigan Melchiorre Luise Gerhard Pechner Gustav Neidlinger Fernando Corena Curra Bruna Maclean Pim Borken Laura Castellano Ursula Zollenkopf Maria Forcato un Alcade Dennis Wicks Aad de Rijk Ernst-Max Lühr Giovanni Casini Mastro Trabuco Robert Thomas Cornelis Kalkman Kurt Marschner Gino Del Signore un Chirurgo Philip Lewtas Aad de Rijk Algerd Brazis Karl Otto Mario Cappelli édition Melodram Ponto Music & Arts Walhall Preiser support cd cd cd cd (allemand) cd enregistrement mono live mono live mono live mono live mono studio date 1953 – 12.III 1953 – 14.V 1954 – 20.III 1954 – VIII 1955 – 26.IV direction Walter Herbert Dimitri Mitropoulos Fritz Stiedry Tullio Serafin Antonino Votto orchestre New Orleans Opera Maggio Musicale Metropolitan Teatro alla Scala Teatro alla Scala il marchese di Calatrava Norman Treigle Silvio Maionica Lubomir Vichegenov Plinio Clabassi Silvio Maionica donna Leonora Zinka Milanov Renata Tebaldi Zinka Milanov Maria Callas Renata Tebaldi don Carlos di Vargas Leonard Warren Aldo Protti Leonard Warren Carlo Tagliabue Aldo Protti don Alvaro Mario del Monaco Mario Del Monaco Gino Penno Richard Tucker Giuseppe Di Stefano Preziosilla Claranae Turner Fedora Barbieri Jean Madeira Elena Nicolai Martha Perez il Padre Guardiano William Wilderman Cesare Siepi Jerome Hines Nicola Rossi-Lemeni Giuseppe Modesti fra Melitone Gerhard Pechner Renato Capecchi Gerhard Pechner Renato Capecchi Renato Capecchi Curra Rosemary Rotolo
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