Tokyo Metropolitan Government Waste Landfi ll Site Central Breakwater Outer Landfi ll Site・New Sea Surface Disposal Site

Photographed on January 19, 2013

Tokyo Metropolitan Government Bureau of Environment Layout Central Breakwater Inner Landfi ll Site 1 Area Approx. 195 ha Landfi ll area (waste) Approx. 78 ha 17 Landfi ll volume Approx. 12.3 million tonnes 13 4 5 18 16 14 15 9 2 12 12 9 Central Breakwater Outer Landfi ll Site 11 10 6 Phase 1 (dredged soil, soil from construction 3 sites) Tokyo Port 7 Seaside Road Central 8 Landfi ll area Approx. 115 ha Breakwater A Block Central Phase 2 (waste) Outer Breakwater Landfill Site Outer Landfill Site Landfi ll area Approx. 199 ha (Phase 1) (Phase 2) 115 ha 199 ha 20 ha New Sea Surface Disposal Site B Block Area (A-G) Approx. 480 ha 72 ha 3 G Block Landfi ll Capacity（A-G） Approx. 120 million m 73 ha C Block 69 ha Area（A-E） Approx. 319 ha New Sea Surface Disposal Site Landfi ll Capacity（A-E） Approx. 45.8 million m3

D Block 67 ha Super Eco Town Related Facilities F Block ⑰ PCB Waste Treatment Plant 88 ha (Operating from November 2005) E Block ⑱ Pyrolysis and Gasifi cation Power Generation 91 ha Plant (Operating from August 2006)

Tokyo Metropolitan Government Clean Association of TOKYO23 ① Undersea Tunnel Passage No. 2 ⑧ Buff er Reservoir ⑬ Pulverized Waste Processing Facility ② Bureau of Environment, Central ⑨ Central Breakwater ⑭ Pulverization Processing Plant for Large-Size Breakwater Landfi ll Joint Offi ce ⑩ Wharf (marine transport unloading Waste ③ Wastewater Treatment Plant No. 1 facility) ⑮ Chubo Incombustible Waste Processing Center ④ Landfi ll-Gas Utilization Facility ⑪ Chubo-Ohashi Bridge ⑯ Chubo Ash Melting Facility ⑤ Wastewater Treatment Plant No. 3 ⑫ Tokyo Bayside Wind Power Plant ⑥ Nakashio-bashi Bridge (Tokyo Kazaguruma) ⑦ Facility to Wash Off Soil Caisson Type Outer Shore Protection （New Sea Surface Disposal Site）

Rainfall 100 m of moderate-sloped bank and shallow bottom

Circuit Pipe To Sewage ※1 after Processing Wastewater Landfill Site Caisson ※2 (Stratum of waste) Coating Stones ※3 Receiving Reservoir Rear Filling (Pump well) Soil Water Shielding Sheet Riprap ※4 Replacement Sand Ground Improvement (Sand compaction pile) Steel Sheet Piling

Sea Bottom （Clay layer） Ground Improvement (Cement deep mixing)

Seabed (Mixed Layer Sand, Gravel and Clay) ※1 Wastewater is rainwater that seeped through the stratum ※3 Rear Filling Soil: Earth and sand that is placed behind the of waste to become polluted water. caisson revetment. ※2 Caisson: A concrete or steel box that is fi lled with sand, ※4 Riprap: Rock that is used to support the caisson revetment. slag, etc.

1 Collection・Transport Intermediate Processing

(23 Wards of Tokyo) (Clean Association of TOKYO23) Waste is collected and transported from To prolong the use of landfi ll sites, waste undergoes intermediate each district. processing before being used as landfi ll. The annual volume of Tokyo’s waste has signifi cantly increased since 1985, primarily due to changes in lifestyle and the social system of mass consumption and mass production. In 1989, the waste volume was at a record high of 4,900,000 tonnes. In the following years, the volume decreased, totaling 2,830,000 tonnes in 2012.

Collection, Transport, Transfer Intermediate (Clean Association of TOKYO23) Final Processing (Operated in each ward) Processing (Consigned by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government) LandfillL Site CentralC Breakwater Outer N New Disposal Sea Surface Site Pulverized Waste

Transfer a e Large-Size Processing Facility e w n n Waste Pulverization d Processing t

r fi Plant S

for a l e

Large-Size l Reuse l a

Recycling Waste B S

Large-size centers, etc.

Waste S r i t e u e

Incineration a r

Plant f k

Metal a

collection w c a e t

Metal/Aluminum D Combustible collection e i Waste r s

O p o Incombustible- Used as u

Waste s Slag t Processing a Center e l

Ash Melting r Metal Facility collection Land S Transfer i t e Chubo Incombustible- Transport by Waste Ship Processing Waste volume Center Total Incombustible 561,000 tonnes Waste （(1)＋(2)＋(3)） 23 Wards 2,830,000 tonnes Metal/Aluminum (1)363,000 Total Waste Volume (2012) collection tonnes

Industrial waste (from small and medium-sized businesses) Intermediate processing plant (Pulverization, selection, etc.) (2) 46,000 tonnes Municipal waste (sludge and sewage sludge) (3)152,000 tonnes (2012)

Garbage Collection Pulverization Processing Plant for Large-Size Waste Incineration Plant (Photo: Clean Association of TOKYO23) 2 Landfi ll Covering

After intermediate processing, the waste is carried and dumped at When the waste reaches a certain thickness or when road specifi ed locations by trucks. construction is necessary, soil is applied to cover the waste. The waste is then laid down by bulldozers effi ciently and safely. Also, when the landfi ll is complete, a fi nal cover of soil is applied.

Landfi ll Operation Covering Operation

Cell Method Landfi ll Site Covered with Soil Each day’s garbage is covered with soil in one-day increments in order to prevent waste scattering and foul smells.

Same-Day Soil Covering One-Day Garbage Cell

Sandwich Method Landfi ll area covered with soil before laying down additional waste.

Patrolling the Site

東京都環境局 In addition to managing Waste Covering landfill operations, workers patrol the site for About 3 m dangerous materials and About 50 cm to supervise insect pest control operations. They The Sandwich Method has the following merits. also handle any other (1) Prevents waste from scattering safety-related tasks. (2) Prevents the spread of off ensive odors (3) Prevents vermin (prevents incubation of insect eggs) (4) Prevents waste from burning (cuts off the air) Gas Well and Gas Gathering Lines Gas Drainage Landfi ll waste generates methane gas. To prevent fires from occurring, pipes are driven into the landfi ll to drain the gas.

The gases that are emitted from the landfi ll site are collected, stored, and burned in gas turbines to produce electric power. 3 Wastewater Treatment

Receiving Reservoir (Pump well) Buff er Reservoir Wastewater Treatment Plant

The wastewater of the landfill site is After the wastewater quality is adjusted in Using various methods, the wastewater collected into a receiving reservoir located the buffer reservoir, the water is sent to the from the landfi ll undergoes purifi cation at the side of the peripheral road. wastewater treatment plant. at the treatment plant. Wastewater Treatment Flow

The fi nal disposal management facility of the landfi ll site is cut off from the sea. If left on its own, the water from rainfall that gathers here would overfl ow. However, since the rainwater seeps through a stratum of waste to become polluted water, it is not fl ushed out to sea. Instead, following purifi cation at the waste- water treatment plant, the water is released into the sewage system. Sub sea pressure pipeline No.15 Site Wastewater Buffer (Wakasu, Koto Ward) ７１ ｈａ Wastewater Reservoir 150,000 m3

Inner Landfill Site ７８ ｈａ

Wastewater Treatment Plant Outer Landfill Site １９９ ｈａ WWastewaterastewater TreatmentTreatment WWastewaterastewater TTreatmentreatment PlantPlant No.1No.1 PlantPlant No.3No.3 4,500 ｍ3 per day 11,500 ｍ3 per day New Sea Surface Disposal Site (A,B) ９２ ｈａ Sub sea pressure pipeline Treated Wastewater

Sewage Bureau of Sewerage Treated Sewage Water Recycling Center Tokyo Bay at Sunamachi

Cost of wastewater treatment Volume of wastewater treatment Quality of treatment water

Electricity Others 2 % New Sea Surface A 6 ％ Expense 7 % ｐH……7.5 (Sewage Discharge Standards：5～9） Repair No.15 Expense 10 % Site 9 % Nitrogen…44 mg/L（ Levels Agreed with the Bureau of Sewerage：120） COD ……75 mg/L（ Levels Agreed with the Bureau of Sewerage：150） Inner Outer Chemicals Landfill 3 Raw Water Quality at Treatment Plant 3 Expense 2.4 billion yen Sewerage Site 14 % 3.44 million m Landfill 10% 2012 Charges 2012 Site 51 % ｐH ……………………………… 8.2 54 % Nitrogen ………………………… 482 mg/L Operation Management New Sea ＣＯＤ …………………………… 339 mg/L Consignations 18 ％ Surface B 20 %

4 Landfi ll Site Transition

(Approx. 1994) Garbage and incombustible (At Present) After intermediate processing, waste is landfi lled waste are used as landfi ll at the New Sea Surface Disposal Site.

Trend of Disposed Amount

Ten thousand tonnes Landfi ll site performance 㻠㻜㻜 (ten thousand tonnes) New Sea Surface (B Block) Fiscal 2010 2011 2012 㻟㻡㻜 New Sea Surface (A Block) Year Haneda Offshore Performance 㻟㻜㻜 Central Breakwater Outer Landfill Disposal Site value 49 60 56 Central Breakwater Inner Landfill Site No.15 Site (Wakasu) 㻞㻡㻜 No.14 Site (Yumenoshima) Others 㻞㻜㻜

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㻡㻜

㻜 㻝㻥㻢㻟 㻝㻥㻣㻜 㻝㻥㻤㻜㻝㻥㻥㻜 㻞㻜㻜㻜 㻞㻜㻝㻜 㻞㻜㻝㻞 㼅㼑㼍㼞㻌㻔㼃㼑㼟㼠㼑㼞㼚㻌㻯㼍㼘㼑㼚㼐㼑㼞㻕 Energy Eff ective Utilization

At the Central Breakwater Inner and Outer Landfi ll Sites, electricity is generated using gas, wind power and natural sunlight.

Landfi ll-Gas Utilization Facility (Micro gas turbine) Tokyo Bayside Wind Power Plant (Tokyo Kazaguruma) Photovoltaic Generation System Power generation capacity (Maximum) 275 kW Company J-WIND Co., Ltd Power generation capacity 20 kW Gas used Approx. 1.6 million m3N per year Selling power to Tokyo Electric Power Company Co., Ltd Solar array panel 4.0 m×18.2 m×2 sets Composition of Gas Methane Approx. 55 ％ Installation capacity 850 kW×2（1700 kW） Module 178.6 W/module×112 modules Carbone dioxide Approx. 25 ％ Projected power generation capacity 2,500,000 kWh per year Nitrogen Approx. 15 ％ Quality Polycrystalline silicon Structure (height) 44 m to the center of the wind turbine Oxygen 1 % or less (2007 Ministry of the Environment granted project) Gas calorifi c value Approx. 18 MJ/m3N （Approx. 4,300 kcal/m3N ） 70 m to the highest point (2005 project granted by NEDO) Wind conditions Annual average wind 5.4 ｍ/s

5 Waste Disposal by Landfi ll Plan Having revised its “Waste Disposal by Landfi ll Plan” in February of 2012, the Tokyo Metropolitan Government is actively working to prepare waste disposal facilities. The revised plan includes an 18 % reduction in the volume of waste disposal by landfi ll compared with the previous plan. The volume of waste that is disposed of by landfi ll is expected to continue to change in response to shifting socioeconomic conditions and advances in waste treatment and recycling technologies. As a result, this “Waste Disposal by Landfi ll Plan” is being reviewed approximately every fi ve years.

Waste Acceptance Policy by Type of Waste Type of Waste Acceptance Policy

・General waste produced by households, etc. within the 23 wards of Tokyo. ・All waste is accepted provided that it undergoes intermediate treatment, while General Waste efforts are also undertaken to reduce waste volume and maximize the reuse and Waste Type recycling of resources. ・Industrial waste produced by small and medium-sized businesses within Metropolitan Tokyo. Industrial Waste ・Waste that has already undergone intermediate treatment is accepted up to a fi xed volume.

Waste from Public ・Waste produced from waterworks and sewage facilities within Metropolitan Tokyo. Facilities ・Waste is accepted provided that it undergoes intermediate processing.

Sand Type ・Dredged soil is produced from streams and rivers within Metropolitan Tokyo and Tokyo Earth and Dredged Soil ports. ・Dredged soil that cannot be used for the upkeep of rivers, canals or harbors is accepted.

Soil Produced in ・This soil is used for the upkeep of the landfi ll site and as soil covering for waste. Construction Work, etc. Making Disposal Sites Suitable for the 21st 'Environment-Friendly' Century Currently, the waste disposal of Tokyo's 23 wards is being handled at the Central Breakwater Outer Landfi ll Site and the New Sea Surface Disposal Site. As it is the fi nal disposal site of the Tokyo port area, it is of vital importance. The Landfi ll Site Management Offi ce has established the following seven points as our Environmental Protection Policy. Environmental Policy １ Reducing Our Environmental Impact ５ Promoting Reforestation and Greenifi cation ２ Extending the Lifespan of Landfi ll Sites ６ Promoting Environmental Education ３ Promoting Energy and Resource Savings ７ Preparing Manuals for Emergency Response ４ Working to Prevent Global Warming

Social studies fi eld trip of elementary Green lung (Biotope space) Seedling transplantation school students (Central Breakwater Outer Landfi ll Site) The number of visitors in 2012 was approx. 43,000 Elementary and Junior high school students totaled 〔〕approx. 37,200 6 Geographical Locations of Landfi ll Sites

Monzen Nakacho Nihonbashi Yurakucho Hatchobori Kiba Arakawa River Toyocho Ginza Etchujima Minamisuna Nishikasai Tsukiji Shinbashi 1 Shinsuna Kasai

Toyosu Hamamatsucho 2 Tatsumi Harumi Pier

Shinonome Tamachi Toyosu Pier Shinkiba Shibaura Pier Kasai Seaside Park

Rainbow Bridge Ariake

Shinagawa No.10 Land 1 3 Shinagawa Pier No.13 Land 1

No.10 Land 2

East Breakwater Higashi Shinagawa No.13 Land 2 4 Central Breakwater Passage No.3 Oimachi 5 Central Breakwater Outer Landfill Site Katsushima Phase 1 West Breakwater

Omori Tokyo Port Area (Current) Tokyo Port Area (Plan) 7 Heiwajima Jyonanjima Passage No.1 New Sea Surface Disposal Site

Showajima Keihinjima Tokyo Port

Check Point

Haneda Airport Tama River 6

Tokyo Bay

Materials : Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Port and Harbor(2012Edition) ©Tokyo Metropolitan Government

1955 '65 '75 '80 '85 '90 '95 2000（Fiscal year） Changes of Disposal Sites ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ Area 2 1 No.8 Site (Shiomi, Koto Ward) ’27 ’62 Landfill amount 3.71 million tonnes 364,000 m 2 2 No.14 Site (Yumenoshima, Koto Ward) ’57 ’66 Landfill amount 10.34 million tonnes 450,000 m 2 3 No.15 Site (Wakasu, Koto Ward) ’65 ’74 Landfill amount 18.44 million tonnes 712,000 m 2 4 Central Breakwater Inner Landfill Site ’73 ’86 Landfill amount 12.3 million tonnes 780,000 m 2 Landfill amount 54.38 million tonnes ’77 1,990,000 m 5 Central Breakwater Outer Landfill Site (Phase 2) (As of the end of 2012 fiscal year) Haneda Offshore Landfill Site 124,000 m2 6 (Haneda Airport, Ota Ward) Landfill amount 1.68 million tonnes ’84 ’91 2 Landfill amount 6.17 million tonnes ’98 3,190,000 m 7 New Sea Surface Disposal Site (As of the end of 2012 fiscal year) Current town names are shown in ( ).

平 成 25 年 度 Landfi ll Site Management Offi ce, 登 録 第 １ 号 Bureau of Environment, Tokyo Metropolitan Government 平成25年11月 Chisaki, 3-chome, Aomi Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064

Phone: 03-5531-3701 Fax: 03-5531-3715 ࡣঞΩσί෻ࣣၚIJııɓठ୆ঞͬঀဥ̱̞̳̀͘ http://www.kankyo.metro.tokyo.jp/resource/landfi ll/ ୞࿳ࠏဣसͬ܄̞̈́͘ͼϋ΅ͬঀဥ̱̞̳̀͘