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Citing Scripture
Citing Scripture This handout gives basic information on citing scripture according to the MLA, Chicago/Turabian, and APA formats. Although this handout focuses mainly on citing the Bible and the Book of Mormon, the guidelines provided apply generally to religious works (e.g., the Qur’an or Bhagavad Gita) with chapters and verses, or similar components, standardized across versions and translations. Other religious texts, such as the words of current religious leaders, are cited according to media type: book, magazine, website, etc. This handout is based on MLA Handbook (eighth edition), The Chicago Manual of Style (seventeenth edition) and the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (sixth edition). For each topic below, the corresponding handbook section is listed in parentheses. While this handout provides general guidelines, writers should always tailor their work to their audience and assignment. Chicago and Turabian Two Citation Styles: There are two styles for citing sources in Chicago: the author-date system and the note- bibliography system. Examples of both are included in this handout, but religious and historical papers usually require a notes-bibliography citation style. Note: Citing scripture is the same in Chicago and Turabian formats. Note-Bibliography System (14.238–14.241) Footnotes or Endnote Citations: The first note includes the full or abbreviated name of the book (10:44-48 addresses abbreviations in detail), chapter, verse, and version. Separate the chapter and verse with a colon. A range of verses is marked with an en dash. The version (if applicable) follows the chapter and verse and is put in parentheses. Subsequent notes list only the book, chapter, and verse. -
Various Translations of Psalm 23A
Various Translations of Psalm 23a Jeffrey D. Oldham 2006 Feb 17 Contents 1 Introduction 3 1.1 List of Abbreviations . 4 I Translations in the Tyndale-King James Tradition 5 2 The King James Version (1611) 5 3 The Revised Version (1885) 6 4 American Standard Version (1901) 7 5 Revised Standard Version (1952) 8 6 New Revised Standard Version (1989) 9 7 New American Standard (1971) 10 8 New King James Version (1982) 11 II Catholic Translations 12 9 Rheims-Douay (1610) 12 10 Knox (1950) 13 11 The Jerusalem Bible (1966) 14 12 The New Jerusalem Bible (1985) 15 13 The New American Bible (1970) 16 III Jewish Translations 17 a c 2005 Jeffrey D. Oldham ([email protected]). All rights reserved. This document may not be distributed in any form without the express permission of the author. 14 The JPS’s Masoretic Translation (1917) 17 15 The Tanakh (1985) 18 IV British Translations 19 16 The New English Bible (1970) 19 17 Revised English Bible (1989) 20 V Conservative Protestant Translations 21 18 Amplified Bible (1965) 21 19 New International Version (1978) 22 20 English Standard Version (2001) 23 21 The New Living Translation (1996) 24 VI Modern Language and Easy-to-Read Translations 25 22 Moffatt (1926) 25 23 Smith-Goodspeed (1927) 26 24 Basic English Bible (1949) 27 25 New Berkeley Version (1969) 28 26 Today’s English Version (1976) 29 27 Contemporary English Version (1995) 30 28 New Century Version (1991) 31 VII Paraphrases 32 29 The Living Bible (1971) 32 30 The Message (2002) 33 VIII Other 34 31 Septuagint Bible by Charles Thomson (1808) 34 2 1 Introduction There are about two dozen English-language Bibles currently in circulation in the States and about as many have previously been in circulation, but few of us ever examine more the our favorite translation. -
The Inclusive-Language Debate: a Plea for Realism I D.A
"Don Carson has given us a much-needed book that is both provoca tive and timely .... He observes that inclusive-language translations are not only inevitable but also necessary, and that current translations that refuse to update themselves gender-inclusively will quite likely end up in the dustbin of history.... I heartily and enthusiastically rec ommend Carson's latest effort, and I do so without reservation." Ronald Youngblood THE member of NIV Committee on Bible Translation INCLUSIVE "Carson's study of inclusive language is an excellent plea for san ity in a discussion that has had its share of hysteria and lack of balance. Bringing the history of translation, exegetical skill, an awareness of LANGUAGE how different languages work, an appreciation of the cultural dimen sions of the question, numerous specific examples, and just sheer calm DEBATE to the table, Carson's work deserves a careful reading by all in the debate and a hearty word of thanks from the Christian community." PLEA FOR REALISM A .- -,------,- Darrell L. Bock research professor of New Testament studies, Dallas Theological Seminary "Wise and scholarly, D. A. Carson brings judicious insight to the heated debate regarding inclusive language in Bible translations. This D. A. CARSON profound volume demonstrates the complexity of translation decisions and heightens sensitivity to the task of careful Biblical interpretation." Luder G. Whitlock, Ir. president, Reformed Theological Seminary "Based on masterful linguistic scholarship, this book is a model of fair-minded wisdom on Bible translation." I. 1. Packer professor of theology, Regent College "From a surprising source comes an able defense for inclusive lan guage, because of a desire to have integrity in Bible translation." Aida Besan,on Spencer professor of New Testament BakerBooks - Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary A Division of Baker .!:SOaK House \,..;0 IYp Grand Rapids, Michigan 49516 ~ © 1998 by D. -
The Message Bible”
“THE MESSAGE BIBLE”: PERVERSION OF GOD’S HOLY WORD “. but when your eye is evil, your body also is full of darkness. Take heed therefore that the light which is in you be not darkness” (Lk. 11:34-35). It is impossible to separate Jesus the Living Word from Jesus the Written Word. Therefore, one can easily see why Jesus, the Light of the World, cannot be portrayed with a false light, a false Bible. You will, in effect, be presenting “another Jesus,” “another spirit,” and “another Gospel” (II Cor.11:4). “The Message Bible” is just such a false light. It is actually not a Bible. It is a message from the enemy specially crafted to filter through a veil of Scripture so as to “deceive even the elect” (Mk. 13:22). Supposedly, The Message is harmless, just another translation in contemporary style, but one quick look should show anyone that it is a questionable paraphrase at best. However, even this is a stretch because The Message contains consistent error, which constantly misses the heart of what the Holy Spirit intended to express. It is nowhere close to a true word-for-word translation of the original Greek and Hebrew text. To put it another way, its author is not the Holy Spirit at all, but a man named Eugene Peterson. And, as if this weren’t sinful enough, The Message also delves into the occult. The phraseology used in The Message demonstrates thorough knowledge of esoteric and New Age philosophy. Peterson himself is a proponent of contemplative/mystical spirituality as evidenced in his writings and endorsements of other contemplative authors, not to mention their endorsements of his work. -
New Jerusalem Version (NJV) Bible Review
New Jerusalem Version (NJV) The following is a written summary of our full-length video review featuring excerpts, discussions of key issues and texts, and lots of pictures, and is part of our Bible Review series. Do you recommend it? Why? Two thumbs up! The New Jerusalem Version takes first place in our list of recommended Messianic Bibles. Read on to learn why. Who's this Bible best for? The New Jerusalem Version is your best choice if you're looking for a literal translation with some Hebrew names and keywords that's respectful towards Judaism and looks like a real Bible. Would you suggest this as a primary or a secondary Bible? Why? The NJV is ideal as a primary Bible to carry around and read from on a regular basis because it contains the Scriptures from Genesis to Revelation, is literal enough to be used as a study Bible, and is large enough to be easy on the eyes when reading but not so large as to be clunky. How's this version's relationship with the Jews and Judaism? In short, excellent. The New Jerusalem Version belies a deep familiarity with Jewish customs and sensibilities. For instance, the books of the Hebrew Bible are in the Jewish order rather than how they were later rearranged by Christianity. Similarly, the books are called by both their Hebrew and English names and the chapters and verses follow the Jewish numbering with the alternative Christian numbering in brackets. Personal names and words close to the Jewish heart are also transliterated so as to retain their original resonance. -
How to Cite the Bible
How to Cite the Bible APA Style Parenthetical Citations: • For your first citation, identify the version which you used. Example: (John 3:16 New Revised Standard Version) • As part of a sentence: Example: In a sentence: In Psalm 36:1 (New Jerusalem Bible), David... • After this, only include the scripture reference, unless you switch versions. Reference Page: • Well-known books such as the Bible do not need to be included on the reference page, unless a professor requires you to do so. Information taken from Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association , 6th ed., 2009, section 6.18. MLA Style General Guidelines: • Versions of the Bible or individual books are not underlined, italicized, or placed in quotation marks. However, underline or italicize individual published editions of the Bible. Example: The King James Version of the Bible was first published in 1611. Example: The New Oxford Annotated Bible includes maps of the Holy Land. • You do not need to identify the version in subsequent references unless you switch to a different version. Parenthetical References: • Books of the Bible are abbreviated; see the MLA Handbook for common abbreviations. Example: (Phil. 3.8) • A period, not a colon, separates chapter and verse. • When you first refer to a particular version, include the name, a comma, and then the passage. Examples: (New Revised Standard Version, John 3.16) (New Jerusalem Bible , Ezek. 2.6-8) • After this, only include the scripture reference, unless you switch versions. Murray Library Messiah College – Box 3002 Grantham, Pa 17027 (717) 691-6006 www.messiah.edu/murraylibrary Guide #13: 6/30/2011 (BLM) Works Cited: • Include the title of the Bible, the version, the publication information, and whether it is print or web, in the citation. -
Footnotes for Meaningful Translations of the New Testament
Journal of Translation, Volume 1, Number 1 (2005) 7 Footnotes for Meaningful Translations of the New Testament Richard C. Blight Richard Blight has served as a translation consultant with SIL since 1960. He completed the translation of the New Testament for the Tenango Otomi people of Mexico in 1975. In addition to authoring numerous articles and books, he is the senior editor of the Exegetical Summary series. Abstract Although background information is not communicated by the source text itself, some of this information is needed by the readers of a translation so that they can adequately understand the text. When the readers do not know this information, it needs to be provided by a judicious use of footnotes. The difference between implied linguistic information and assumed background information is described. Then various categories of background information are considered in regard to their relevance in supplying footnotes. The ways in which footnotes can be included in a translation are also described. In an appendix, a minimum list of footnotes for the New Testament is suggested. 1. Introduction Translators of Scripture want their translations to communicate the same message that the biblical authors intended the original readers to understand. In order to do this, they know they need to provide background information that the authors counted on the original readers to have in mind as they read the text. Assuming that footnotes are too sophisticated for their readers, some translators have attempted to include all of the needed background information within the text of the translation itself. But when the readers of such an expanded translation compare it with a version in the national language, they spot the differences between the two and are apt to criticize the expanded translation as being unfaithful to the text of the original. -
Translation Frustration?
Translation Frustration? With so many translations of the Bible, how do I know which one is the best? Communication Card • ―I love it that you take us to the original languages to get the exact meaning of what God was saying! … But which translation is most exact? I want to read a translation that stays with the true intent of God’s original word! No transliteration (or do I mean paraphrase?)—just exactly what God truly said. I guess what I’m trying to say is that I would love to know which translation is the closest to the original languages …‖ “Translation Frustration” So Many Translations “Translation Frustration” Why Is Translation Necessary? To Make God’s Word Understandable! The Original Languages • The Bible is primarily written in two languages: Hebrew (O.T.) Greek (N.T.) “Translation Frustration” Why Do We Need Updated Translations? To Make God’s Word Understandable Today Some Early English Bibles • Wycliffe Bible—1382 • Tyndale Bible—1526 • Coverdale Bible—1535 • *The Geneva Bible—1557 • The Bishops’ Bible—1568 • The King James Version—1611 – Over 20 different King James translations: 1611 (2x), 1612, 1613, 1616, 1629, 1638, 1650 (6x), 1660, 1683, 1727, 1762, 1769, 1873, 1888. – Took 50 years to gain acceptance “Translation Frustration” Why Update? • Words change meaning – ―Prevent‖ used to mean ―to come before‖ or ―precede‖ and not in a hindering way. • “We which are alive and remain unto the coming of the Lord shall not prevent them which are asleep.” (1 Thes 4:15, KJV) • “We who are still alive, who are left till the coming -
Versions and Translations the Following Outlines Some of the Key
Versions and Translations The following outlines some of the key characteristics of several Bibles currently in use. A number of the Bible translations most popular in the Western world today can be found in searchable form online (see: http://www.ntgateway.com/bible-translations/). The King James Version (KJV) The translation was planned from 1604 and published in 1611 under the auspices of King James VI of England. This Bible has become one of the most influential English books in modern Western civilization. It served as a unifier of English politics and religious disagreements. The King James Bible uses an economy of words and voices beautiful cadences that have led many to call it elegant. It remains a favorite in many Protestant circles. The Douay-Rheims Bible The first English translation for Roman Catholics was produced in Douay and Rheims in France from 1582-1610. It is based not upon the Hebrew and Greek text but rather the Vulgate, the Latin translation that was the authoritative Bible for the Catholic Church for much of its history. Its close adherence to the Latin makes many passages difficult for contemporary readers to understand, and it has largely fallen into disuse in many Catholic quarters. It is sometimes called the Rheims-Douay Bible. The American Standard Version (ASV) The growing sense that the KJV was based on less-than-ideal manuscripts and philological knowledge led to the British Revised Version in 1885. An American edition, the ASV, came out in 1901 and represented several hundred further emendations to suit its American audience. The ASV is sometimes thought of as by students of biblical languages as a particularly “wooden” translation, and it does in some respects seek to replicate the feel of the original, for example in using “Jehovah” rather than “Lord,” or “Sheol” rather than “grave/Hell.” However, the ASV is also quite euphemistic in places. -
THE ISSUE of REBAPTISM at Issue Is How We Are to Understand the Purpose of Baptism As Well As the Mode of Baptism
THE ISSUE OF REBAPTISM At issue is how we are to understand the purpose of baptism as well as the mode of baptism. If baptism if for the purpose of receiving forgiveness from God for past sins, then one does not have salvation prior to baptism - because salvation cannot be granted us while we are still in our sinful state. If baptism is not for the purpose of receiving forgiveness for past sins, then it is not essential to salvation because our sinful state was changed prior to baptism. In this case, baptism is understood as a required rite, but one that only "testifies" to the forgiveness, acceptance, that God has already granted us. One key text in this discussion (but not the only one) is Acts 2:38. Below are several English translation renderings of this text. King James Version - "for the remission of sins. American Standard Version - "unto the remission of sins. New King James Version - "for the remission of sins." New International Version - "for the forgiveness of your sins." Revised Standard Version - "for the forgiveness of your sins." New Revised Standard Version - "so that your sins may be forgiven." New American Standard Bible - " for the forgiveness of your sins." World English Bible - "for the forgiveness of sins." Bible in Basic English - "for the forgiveness of your sins." Contemporary English Version - "so that your sins will be forgiven." Good News Bible - "so that your sins will be forgiven." God's Word - "so that your sins will be forgiven." Young's Literal Translation - "to remission of sins." Modern King James Version -
Bible Translation Chart
BIBLE TRANSLATION CHART CHOOSING A BIBLE TRANSLATION The original documents When the documents that make up the Bible were first written, they captured exactly what God wanted to say in the languages that ordinary people spoke. There was no friction between perceiving the form or structure of the text and perceiving the meaning of the text. The original audience experienced a unique combination of both ingredients—represented by the red dot in the top right corner of the of the original reflecting the diagram. original form formal But Bible readers today can’t experience this combination any more. The Greek, Hebrew and Aramaic texts still show us the form and reading structure of the original but most of us can’t understand what they mean. As English speakers, we need translations, and we’re privileged to equivalence experience have access to a wide variety of options that fall into three broad groups. Tending to the upper left corner of the diagram, the first group—represented by the green oval and known to scholars as formal equivalence translations—places a particularly high priority on reproducing the form and structure of the original. This approach allows modern Bible readers to perceive many of the important details and subtleties in the text. Ease of understanding varies from verse to verse and from book to book, but all verses and all books achieve a high standard of transparency to the original languages. effectively conveys the conveys effectively Tending to the lower right corner of the diagram, the second group—represented by the brown oval and known to scholars as functional or ‘dynamic’ equivalence translations—place a particularly high priority on reproducing the meaning of the original. -
Maybetoday.Org » Electronic Versions of the Bible in English.Xlsx
The English Versions of Sacred Scripture Currently Available in Electronic Bible Study Software Editions Abbr. Name Date Accordance BibleWorks Logos OliveTree PC Study Bible PocketBible WORDsearch ESV2016 English Standard Version "Permanent Text Edition" 2016 $15 BP $10 $10 AMPU Amplified Bible, 2015 Update 2015 $15 $10 NLT15 New Living Translation 2nd ed. Rel. 4 2015 $15 MEV Modern English Version 2014 $24 $10 NLT13 New Living Translation 2nd ed. Rel. 3 2013 $40 $10 TLV Tree of Life Version 2013 $24 $20 LES Lexham English Septuagint 2012 $25 TV The Voice 2012 $40 CEB Common English Bible 2011 $15 BP $15 $10 $10 EOB Eastern/Greek Orthodox Bible ‐ NT (of PATr) 2011 BP BP $24 ESV2011 English Standard Version 2nd ed. 2011 Free BP $10 EXB Expanded Bible 2011 $30 ISV2 International Standard Version 2.0 2011 $10 $15 $18 NIV11 New International Version 2011 2011 $20 BP $10 Free $24 $10 $10 OEB Open English Bible 2011 NABRE New American Bible Revised Edition 2010 $15 BP $17 $20 $24 $15 CPDV Catholic Public Domain Version 2009 EXB‐NT Expanded Bible ‐ New Testament 2009 $19 $20 $10 GUV Grammar Uses Version 2009 HCSB‐SE Holman Christian Standard Bible 2nd ed. 2009 $15 BP $10 Free $15 Free NHEB New Heart English Bible 2009 C COM Comprehensive New Testament (Clontz) 2008 $50 LEB Lexham English Bible 2008 Free C MIT MacDonald Idiomatic Translation Bible 2008 BP SAAS Saint Anthanasius Academy Septuagint 2008 $40 VW Voice in the Wilderness 2008 NETS New English Translation of the Septuagint 2007 $30 BP $25 NLT07 New Living Translation 2nd ed.