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Chronology of Italian Political Events, 2014 Chronology of ItalIan PolItical EvEnts, 2014 Compiled by Rinaldo Vignati January 1 Fiat announces the 100 percent acquisition of Chrysler. 2 In a letter to the other political leaders, Matteo Renzi, the secre- tary of the Partito Democratico (PD, Democratic Party), presents three proposals for electoral reform: a revamped Mattarellum electoral system, the Spanish system, and Sindaco d’Italia (Mayor of Italy). 4 Offended by a remark made by Renzi, Stefano Fassina (PD) resigns as vice-minister of the economy. 8 Renzi presents the main points of his Jobs Act: reduction of con- tractual forms, new labor code, universal unemployment benefits, reduction in taxes on labor. 10 The Piedmont TAR (Regional Administrative Court) accepts the appeal made by Mercedes Bresso (PD) and annuls the 2010 Pied- mont regional election results. In the opinion of Roberto Cota, the leader of Piedmont’s Lega Nord (LN, Northern League) this is “a disgrace.” Meeting between Enrico Letta (PD) and Renzi to clarify their positions on the electoral law and the relations between the PD and the government. 13 The rationale behind the sentence passed by the Constitutional Court on the electoral law is released: “The current Parliament is legitimate.” Renzi, in a meeting with the president of the Republic, Giorgio Napolitano, denies that he intends to reshuffle the government. 16 Meeting between Renzi and Letta. The newspapers report dis- agreements between them on the government’s work. Italian Politics: The Year of the Bulldozer 30 (2015): 1–28 © Berghahn Books doi:10.3167/ip.2015.300102 2 Chronology of Italian Political Events, 2014 17 After days of arguments following the publication (in the daily Il Fatto Quotidiano) of wiretapped conversations concerning the alleged pressure on the Benevento local health authority made by Minister of Agriculture Nunzia De Girolamo (PdL), the minister defends herself in the Chamber (“I have never abused my role”), but it is half-empty. 18 Meeting between Renzi and Silvio Berlusconi (FI, Forza Italia) in the PD’s Rome head office: “Profound agreement” on electoral reform. Positive comment from Letta: “Things are moving in the right direction.” 20 The executive of the PD approves the agreement on the elec- toral reform between Renzi and Berlusconi. However, a minority expresses doubts: the party’s president, Gianni Cuperlo, walks out during Renzi’s speech. 21 Cuperlo resigns as PD president: “There have been personal attacks against me.” 22 The Nuovo Centrodestra (NCD, New Center-Right) signs the pro- posal drawn up by Renzi and Berlusconi for electoral reform. 23 Berlusconi under investigation for bribing witnesses in relation to “Rubygate.” 24 The Salerno Tribunal announces that Vincenzo De Luca, vice- minister of infrastructure, has to step down as mayor of Salerno due to reasons of incompatibility. FI issues a statement that Giovanni Toti, ex-director of the news programs on Rete 4 and Italia 1, has been appointed as “political adviser” to Berlusconi. 25 Official opening of the judicial year. The president of the Milan Court of Appeals, Giovanni Canzio, states that judges have been subjected to “personal attacks and derision, and they have occa- sionally been pilloried in the media and received threats.” 26 De Girolamo resigns as minister of agriculture. 28 Controversy over words used by a deputy from the Movimento 5 Stelle (M5S, Five Star Movement), Giorgio Sorial, who refers to Napolitano as an “executioner.” 29 Renzi and Berlusconi clarify the electoral reform: 37 percent threshold to gain the majority premium, second ballot in the event of no coalition reaching the threshold, 4.5 percent mini- mum requirement. Uproar in the Chamber: the M5S protests about the decree on the second installment of the IMU (municipal property tax), which in its view contains “gifts” to the banks, and criticizes the president of the Chamber, Laura Boldrini, for putting a time limit on the debate. Chronology of Italian Political Events, 2014 3 Fiat Chrysler Automobiles is founded, with its headquarters in the Netherlands and its tax residence in the UK. 30 The M5S protests continue in Parliament. Arguments are heard concerning the insults of Massimo De Rosa (M5S) directed at PD parliamentarians and the shoving of Loredana Lupo (M5S) by former magistrate and MP Stefano Dambruoso (Scelta Civica [SC, Civic Choice]). The M5S presents a formal request for the impeachment of President Napolitano. 31 First vote in the Chamber on the new electoral law: the challenges on the law’s constitutionality are rejected. February 1 The M5S is once again at the center of controversy: the insults aimed at Boldrini among the comments on Beppe Grillo’s blog cause a stir. After days of arguments over the excessive number of his duties, Antonio Mastrapasqua resigns as president of the Isti- tuto Nazionale Previdenza Sociale (INPS, National Social Security Institute). 2 Responding to Letta (“The crisis is over”), Confindustria’s presi- dent, Giorgio Squinzi, states that the figures “do not allow us to look toward the future with optimism.” 3 Controversy over Letta’s announcement that he had accepted the invitation to take part in the opening ceremony of the 2014 Winter Olympics in Russia. 4 Speech by Napolitano in the European Parliament: “That’s enough of austerity.” Letta expresses satisfaction with his trip to the countries in the Persian Gulf, as he brings back investment and commercial agree- ments: “Great results.” 5 Despite the contrasting opinion of the prime minister, the presi- dent of the Senate, Pietro Grasso, decides that the upper house should take legal action in the trial of Berlusconi due to the brib- ery of members of Parliament. 6 In the PD executive there are arguments between Letta (“I do not want to float in the wind, otherwise the country’s problems will not be solved”), Renzi (“Letta had given us 18 months for the reforms, and 10 have already gone, more than half”), and the internal minority (Cuperlo: we need “a real new start for the gov- ernment, with Letta or with Renzi”). 4 Chronology of Italian Political Events, 2014 7 The Turin prosecutor’s office calls for a nine-month prison term for Grillo for breaking the judicial seals in a “No TAV” demonstration. 10 Storm over the statement made by Mario Monti to the journalist Alan Friedman and published in advance by Corriere della Sera: Napolitano allegedly consulted with him as early as the summer of 2011 to explore the possibility of replacing Berlusconi as prime minister. Letter from Napolitano: “Just smoke.” The head of state is criticized by FI and M5S. India’s attorney general calls for the application of the anti-ter- rorism law against the two Italian marines held in India following the murder of two fishermen in the sea off Kerala. A commu- niqué from Palazzo Chigi declares the decision “unacceptable, disproportionate.” 11 The Parliamentary Committee on Indictment Procedures dis- misses the request for Napolitano’s impeachment. FI abstains. 12 Meeting between Letta (“I ask for clarity. Everybody must say what they want, especially those who want to take my place”) and Renzi (“I will say what I have to say in the party executive, openly”). At a press conference, Letta presents “Impegno Italia” (The Italian Task), a proposal for the coalition pact. The Constitutional Court rejects the norms in the Fini-Giovan- ardi law, which put soft and hard drugs on an equal footing. 13 PD executive: Renzi asks to “get out of the mire.” The document, approved by a large majority, thanks Letta “for the significant work he has carried out” yet “underlines the urgency of opening a new phase, with a new executive.” 14 Letta tenders his resignation. 15 Consultations at the Quirinal Palace for the formation of a new government. M5S and LN refuse to take part. The NCD asks for time (“If the future government is to last a long time, it cannot be formed in 48 hours”). Berlusconi (facing controversy over having taken part in the discussions) says that FI will remain in opposi- tion, but will be “responsible.” 16 PD primaries for regional secretaries: big fall in turnout compared to previous years. 17 Renzi accepts “with reservations” the duty of forming the new government and promises one reform per month. Results of the regional elections in Sardinia: Francesco Pigliaru (PD) wins with 42.2 percent of the vote. 18 The NCD sets out its conditions for becoming part of the majority: no wealth tax, no shifts toward the left, and a defender of legal rights to be named minister of justice. Chronology of Italian Political Events, 2014 5 Conversations on the web: M5S activists favor taking part in talks with Renzi. 19 Live broadcast of the interview with Renzi (“We need to face up to the real issues”) and Grillo (“You are not credible”). 21 Renzi drops his reservations and presents his list of ministers: eight PD, three NCD, one SC, 1 Unione di Centro (UdC, Union of the Center), and three technocrats. It is the youngest government in the history of the Republic (average age: 47.6) and the one with the largest number of women (8 ministers out of 16). There is no vice-president: Angelino Alfano remains in the government as minister of the interior. 22 The ministers are sworn in. Outcry over Letta’s frosty attitude during the handover ceremony with Renzi. 24 Renzi goes to the Senate to seek a vote of confidence (“I would like to be the last prime minister to seek a vote of confidence in this chamber”): 169 in favor, 139 against. 25 The Chamber of Deputies also passes a vote of confidence in Renzi: 378 in favor, 220 against, 1 abstention. 26 Joint assembly of M5S members of Parliament.
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