The Language Situation Among the Circassians of Jordan
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“In My Own Hands”: a Medium-Term Approach Towards Self-Reliance and Resilience of Syrian Refugees and Host Communities in Jordan
IN MY OWN HANDS A MEDIUM-TERM APPROACH TOWARDS SELF-RELIANCE AND RESILIENCE OF SYRIAN REFUGEES AND HOST COMMUNITIES IN JORDAN January 2020 Research report The Durable Solutions Platform (DSP) aims to generate knowledge that informs and inspires forward-thinking policy and practice on the long-term future of displaced Syrians. Since its establishment in 2016, the DSP has developed research projects and supported advocacy efforts on key questions regarding durable solutions for Syrians. In addition, DSP has strengthened the capacity of civil society organizations on solutions to displacement. The Program on Forced Migration and Health (PFMH) is housed in the Department of Population and Family Health at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health. It is one of the world’s leading centers of humanitarian research, training, and continuing education, professionalizing the field of humanitarian response. It was founded in 1998 as one of the first interdisciplinary, practice-based humanitarian research and educational programs offered by a major university. Today, the program continues to lead the development of evidence-based approaches to the humanitarian response and to train the next generation of global leaders. This document has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Regional Development and Protection Programme (RDPP II) for Lebanon, Jordan and Iraq, which is supported by the Czech Republic, Denmark, the European Union, Ireland and Switzerland. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the Durable Solutions Platform and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the RDPP or its donors. “Self-reliance is the true essence, for a human to feel himself and feel stability – if I’d rely on you and I wouldn’t know when you’d cut aid from me, I wouldn’t be prepared. -
A Comparative Phonetic Study of the Circassian Languages Author(S
A comparative phonetic study of the Circassian languages Author(s): Ayla Applebaum and Matthew Gordon Proceedings of the 37th Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: Special Session on Languages of the Caucasus (2013), pp. 3-17 Editors: Chundra Cathcart, Shinae Kang, and Clare S. Sandy Please contact BLS regarding any further use of this work. BLS retains copyright for both print and screen forms of the publication. BLS may be contacted via http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/bls/. The Annual Proceedings of the Berkeley Linguistics Society is published online via eLanguage, the Linguistic Society of America's digital publishing platform. A Comparative Phonetic Study of the Circassian Languages1 AYLA APPLEBAUM and MATTHEW GORDON University of California, Santa Barbara Introduction This paper presents results of a phonetic study of Circassian languages. Three phonetic properties were targeted for investigation: voice-onset time for stop consonants, spectral properties of the coronal fricatives, and formant values for vowels. Circassian is a branch of the Northwest Caucasian language family, which also includes Abhaz-Abaza and Ubykh. Circassian is divided into two dialectal subgroups: West Circassian (commonly known as Adyghe), and East Circassian (also known as Kabardian). The West Circassian subgroup includes Temirgoy, Abzekh, Hatkoy, Shapsugh, and Bzhedugh. East Circassian comprises Kabardian and Besleney. The Circassian languages are indigenous to the area between the Caspian and Black Seas but, since the Russian invasion of the Caucasus region in the middle of the 19th century, the majority of Circassians now live in diaspora communities, most prevalently in Turkey but also in smaller outposts throughout the Middle East and the United States. -
Living in the Shadows
LIVING IN THE SHADOWS JORDAN HOME VISITS REPORT 2014 This report was principally authored by Frances Voon from the UNHCR Policy Development and Evaluation Service, with research assistance from Skandar Keynes. Thanks are due to the follow- ing people who provided support to the proj- ect: Haneen Abu-Sunbul, Rasha Batarseh, Hélène Daubelcour, Charlie Dunmore, Marta Ghezzi, Ghassan Hamad, Mohammad Hawari, Shadi Mhethawi, Marco Santacroce, Volker Schimmel, Ke Tang and Koen van Rossum. Thanks are due the outreach and assessment teams of International Relief and Development, who conducted the majority of the interviews which International Relief & Development underpin this report. UNHCR is grateful for the critical financial support provided by donors to its refugee response in Jordan as well as those who have contributed to UNHCR programmes with unearmarked and broadly earmarked funds. Donors who have contributed to the cash assistance programme in Jordan in 2014: Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection Cover: Rima1 looks out after her father as he leaves the house to sell coffee and tea in the streets. It is only through this work that he is able to pay the rent and keep a roof over his family’s heads. ©UNHCR / J. Kohler LIVING IN THE SHADOWS JORDAN HOME VISITS REPORT 2014 1 Names in this report have been changed to protect the identity of the refugees. CONTEXT “We are seeing Syrian refugees in Jordan having entered a downward spiral in terms of their ability to sustain themselves. We are concerned that this will deteriorate even further in 2015. We are all accountable for their protection and well-being.” – Andrew Harper, UNHCR Representative, Jordan “Life as a Syrian refugee in Jordan is like being in quick sand; whenever I move, I sink a little bit further.” – Mohammad, father of four children CONTEXT The Syrian crisis will soon be entering into its fifth year. -
Proquest Dissertations
The history of the conquest of Egypt, being a partial translation of Ibn 'Abd al-Hakam's "Futuh Misr" and an analysis of this translation Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Hilloowala, Yasmin, 1969- Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 10/10/2021 21:08:06 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282810 INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly fi-om the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectiotiing the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. -
Migration Profile: Jordan Françoise De Bel-Air
Issue 2016/06 November 2016 Migration Profile: Jordan Françoise De Bel-Air Jordan’s last population census gave the total population of the country as 9,531,712 in November 2015, 2,918,125 (31 per cent) of whom were foreign nationals. If accurate,1 these numbers indicate that Jordan is a major migrant-receiving country. Jordan has the highest refugee-to-population ratio and the country is also now the top refugee hosting country in absolute numbers. Indeed, it hosted more than 2.7 million registered refugees as of September 2016;2 of whom 2.1 million persons of Palestinian descent registered with the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) who have lived in the country for decades; and 664,100 refugees under UNHCR’s mandate including Syrians and Iraqis.3 Besides, Jordan is a migrant-sending country too: an es- timated 10 percent of Jordan’s nationals (700 to 800,000) are expatri- ated abroad, most of them to the Gulf States. Jordan being historically a regional migration crossroads,4 its socio- political history and geopolitical ambitions defined the country’s BRIEF policy approach to migration movements. At first, an openness to Arab migrants sustained the pan-Arabist claims of the ruling Hashe- mite dynasty, yet was coupled with a promotion of the right of return of refugees to their homeland. The first wave of refugees from Pal- estine, forced to flee following the Israeli-Arab war and the creation of the State of Israel in 1948, trebled Jordan’s national population as Jordan naturalised -
Stress Chapter
Word stress in the languages of the Caucasus1 Lena Borise 1. Introduction Languages of the Caucasus exhibit impressive diversity when it comes to word stress. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the stress systems in North-West Caucasian (henceforth NWC), Nakh-Dagestanian (ND), and Kartvelian languages, as well as the larger Indo-European (IE) languages of the area, Ossetic and (Eastern) Armenian. For most of these languages, stress facts have only been partially described and analyzed, which raises the question about whether the available data can be used in more theoretically-oriented studies; cf. de Lacy (2014). Instrumental studies are not numerous either. Therefore, the current chapter relies mainly on impressionistic observations, and reflects the state of the art in the study of stress in these languages: there are still more questions than answers. The hope is that the present summary of the existing research can serve as a starting point for future investigations. This chapter is structured as follows. Section 2 describes languages that have free stress placement – i.e., languages in which stress placement is not predicted by phonological or morphological factors. Section 3 describes languages with fixed stress. These categories are not mutually exclusive, however. The classification of stress systems is best thought of as a continuum, with fixed stress and free stress languages as the two extremes, and most languages falling in the space between them. Many languages with fixed stress allow for exceptions based on certain phonological and/or morphological factors, so that often no firm line can be drawn between, e.g., languages with fixed stress that contain numerous morphologically conditioned exceptions (cf. -
RETURN of the CIRCASSIAN WORLD: MAY the FORCE BE with YOU Written for the Return of the Circassian World Website on January 2018 by Jade Cemre Erciyes
RETURN OF THE CIRCASSIAN WORLD: MAY THE FORCE BE WITH YOU written for the return of the Circassian World Website on January 2018 by Jade Cemre Erciyes When Metin Sönmez, the renowned creator of the CircassianWorld and AbkhazWorld Websites, besides many others, asked me to write an article for the return of the CircassianWorld by the beginning of 2018, after a break of more than 4, I got very excited. There were so many things to tell about what it meant for me in the past, what it means for me today, and what it will mean for academics, researchers or journalists working on the Circassian people the moment it becomes online. It is not that easy to start writing this article from its main topic for various reasons. First of all, someone, not much knowledgeable about Circassians may be reading this piece. Besides, I do not want to just narrate a self-reflexive story or a list of key points acknowledging the value of the CircassianWorld. I decided to design this paper as a resource for researchers who may, one day, be interested in the development of the Circassian scholarship. To reflect upon this, it is important for me to start with a short introduction about the earliest works on the Circassian people and the Caucasus1. This is followed by a short review of works focusing on the diasporisation of the Circassians – or in other words, the events of the 19th Century2. This part is a response to a question that I frequently hear in the diaspora which I had been meaning to write for a long time (and I do in my forthcoming book in Turkish). -
Renewed Circassian Mobilization in the North Caucasus 20-Years After the Fall of the Soviet Union
Journal on Ethnopolitics and Minority Issues in Europe Vol 11, No 2, 2012, 103-135 Copyright © ECMI 21 December 2012 This article is located at: http://www.ecmi.de/publications/detail/issue-22012-vol-11-254/ Renewed Circassian Mobilization in the North Caucasus 20-years after the Fall of the Soviet Union Lars Funch Hansen* University of Copenhagen The renewed ethnic mobilization among Circassians in the North Caucasus region in Russia that has unfolded since the latter half of the 2000s is illustrated by the establishment of new civil society organizations and a substantially increased number of internet-based initiatives. All of this reflects a new and increased form of agency and unity among the Circassians in which youth activism has played key role. It also illustrates how Circassian civil society actors and cyber-activists have not only been able to establish a counter-public sphere or develop a new space for action, but also increasingly have been able to move key issues from Circassian spheres into the wider public sphere of mainstream Russian media and politics. The upcoming 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, in particular, has functioned as a lever in this process, which has also resulted in increasing support among Circassians for calls for recognition of the nineteenth century forced expulsion of the majority of the Circassians from the Caucasus as an act of genocide. In this manner, a mega-event such as the Sochi Olympics has contributed to generating a more radical or politicized understanding or framing of the Caucasian exodus that, since the fall of the Soviet Union, has generally been known as “our national tragedy”. -
Circassians Development in Jordan 1870-2010
Circassians Language (Adighabza) Development in Jordan 1870-2010 Dr. Moh'd Yacoub Khawaj Jordan Environmental Studies Centre P.O.Box 5689 Amman 11183 Jordan Email: [email protected] Ürdün’de Çerkesçe (Adiğabaza) Gelişimi 1870 – 2010 Yılları Arasında Dr. Moh'd Yacoub Khawaj Jordan Environmental Studies Centre, P.O.Box 5689 Amman 11183 Jordan Email: [email protected] Settling in Jordan: Circassians* arrived to Jordan in the late 1860's coming from there homeland in North Caucasus, after they lost the unbalanced war with the Russians, who intended to occupy the Caucasus for longtime. (The term “Circassian” is a term which I refer to: the people of North Caucasus as known in Turkish, were majority of Circassians out of homeland are; Shapsugh, Abzakh, Kabardians, Bjadugh, Ubykhs, Hatukuay, Adamey, Kemirgoy, Makhosh, Natekuay, Jana, Yegerikuay, Abazin, Abkhaz, Shashan and Daghistans). Ürdündeki ilk Çerkes yerleşimleri Çerkesler**, yıllardır Kafkasya’yı işgal etme niyetinde olan Ruslar’a karşı verdikleri eşitsiz koşullardaki savaşı kaybettikten sonra, anavatanları olan Kuzey Kafkasya’dan göç etmek zorunda kalarak, 1860’ların sonlarında Ürdün’e ulaştılar. ** Burada “Çerkes” kavramını, Türkçe’de kullanıldığı biçimiyle, Kuzey Kafkasya halklarını kapsayacak biçimde kullanıyorum. Anayurt dışındaki Çerkesler’in büyük büyük çoğunluğunu Şapsığlar, Bjeduğlar, Abzehler, Adameyler, Hatkuaylar, Kemirgoylar, Makhoşlar, Nathuaclar, Janeler, Yecerikuaylar, Kabardeyler, Abhazlar, Abazinler, Vubıhlar, Çeçenler, ve Dağıstanlılar oluşturmaktadır. • Settling In Summary: Circassians settled in Jordan, they settled in Amman and Suburbs, within 50 km distance, most of them spoke their native language with different dialects. Kabardian Dialect were dominant in Amman, Jerash, Suweileh and Russeifa. Bjadough Dialect were dominant in Wadi Essir and Naur. Nohchi Dialect were dominant among Shashans Yerleşim Özeti Özet olarak, Çerkesler’in Ürdün’de Amman ve çevresinde, su kaynaklarına 50 kilometre kadar mesafede yerlere yerleştikleri söylenebilir. -
Building a Global Terrorism Database
The author(s) shown below used Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice and prepared the following final report: Document Title: Building a Global Terrorism Database Author(s): Gary LaFree ; Laura Dugan ; Heather V. Fogg ; Jeffrey Scott Document No.: 214260 Date Received: May 2006 Award Number: 2002-DT-CX-0001 This report has not been published by the U.S. Department of Justice. To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally- funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. BUILDING A GLOBAL TERRORISM DATABASE Dr. Gary LaFree Dr. Laura Dugan Heather V. Fogg Jeffrey Scott University of Maryland April 27, 2006 This project was supported by Grant No. 2002-DT-CX-0001 awarded by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Points of view in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. TABLE OF CONTENTS Excutive Summary.................................................................................................. 1 Building a Global Terrorism Database ................................................................... 4 The Original PGIS Database.......................................................................... 6 Methods.................................................................................................................. -
The Circassians in Jordan Circassians
www.JusticeForNorthCaucasus.com The Circassians in Jordan Forced out of their homeland by the Russians in awful conditions, thousands of Caucasians immigrated to Turkey in 1864. Refugees then scattered to the four corners of the Ottoman Empire, from Turkey to the Suez Canal, from Syria to Palestine and Transjordan. Circassians The Circassians (English equivalent of the Turkic Cherkess) are a people of the Northwest Caucasus region. The name Circassians has been broadly applied to all peoples of the North Caucasus, and somewhat more restrictively to all the peoples of the Northwest Caucasus (the Adyghe, the Abkhaz, and the vanished Ubykhs, to the exclusion of the eastern Chechens and the peoples of Dagestan.) Most precisely, the name refers to a group of tribes who inhabited the territory of Circassia, and who call themselves Adyghes. This last group is the subject of this article. History The Circassians first emerged as a coherent entity somewhere around the tenth century A.D., although references to them exist much earlier. They were never politically united, a fact which reduced their influence in the area and their ability to withstand periodic invasions from groups like the Mongols, Avars, Pechenegs, Huns, and Khazars. This lack of unity eventually cost the Circassians their independence, as they were slowly conquered by Russia in a series of wars and campaigns in the late 18th and early to mid19th centuries. During this period, the Circassians plight achieved a certain celebrity status in the West, but pledges of assistance were never fulfilled. After the Crimean War, Russia turned her attention to the Caucasus in earnest, starting with the peoples of Chechnya and Dagestan. -
The Aesthetics of Islamic Architecture & the Exuberance of Mamluk Design
The Aesthetics of Islamic Architecture & The Exuberance of Mamluk Design Tarek A. El-Akkad Dipòsit Legal: B. 17657-2013 ADVERTIMENT. La consulta d’aquesta tesi queda condicionada a l’acceptació de les següents condicions d'ús: La difusió d’aquesta tesi per mitjà del servei TDX (www.tesisenxarxa.net) ha estat autoritzada pels titulars dels drets de propietat intel·lectual únicament per a usos privats emmarcats en activitats d’investigació i docència. No s’autoritza la seva reproducció amb finalitats de lucre ni la seva difusió i posada a disposició des d’un lloc aliè al servei TDX. No s’autoritza la presentació del s eu contingut en una finestra o marc aliè a TDX (framing). Aquesta reserva de drets afecta tant al resum de presentació de la tesi com als seus continguts. En la utilització o cita de parts de la tesi és obligat indicar el nom de la persona autora. ADVERTENCIA. La consulta de esta tesis queda condicionada a la aceptación de las siguientes condiciones de uso: La difusión de esta tesis por medio del servicio TDR (www.tesisenred.net) ha sido autorizada por los titulares de los derechos de propiedad intelectual únicamente para usos privados enmarcados en actividades de investigación y docencia. No se autoriza su reproducción con finalidades de lucro ni su difusión y puesta a disposición desde un sitio ajeno al servicio TDR. No se autoriza la presentación de su contenido en una ventana o marco ajeno a TDR (framing). Esta reserva de derechos afecta tanto al resumen de presentación de la tesis como a sus contenidos.