Armenia. Una Cristianità Di Frontiera
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Hrand Nazariantz
In memoria del Fratello Hrand Nazariantz Godendoci gli scampoli di questa piacevole estate ero a cena con il Fratello Rupen Timurian, decano del GOI di Palazzo Giustiniani, all’Oriente di Bari. Come si conviene a due Massoni di lungo corso, si finisce sovente a parlare dell’Istituzione con quell’entusiasmo fanciullesco di chi ancora ci crede, anche a numerosi anni dalla Prima Luce. Nel corso del nostro fraterno incontro, ho avuto il piacere di approfondire la mia conoscenza sull’Illustre Fratello Hrand Nazariantz, raffinatissimo poeta Armeno che tanto donò in termini culturali ed Iniziatici ai Figli della Vedova di Terra di Bari. Cresciuto nelle fila di Piazza del Gesù sin dagli albori della sua Fondazione, seppe condividere in Comunione d’Intenti, la sua Fede Massonica con i numerosi Fratelli di altre Obbedienze, facendo germogliare i Tradizionali principi della Massoneria Universale. Il mondo profano ha riservato a questo fulgido Poeta, candidato al Nobel per la Letteratura nel ’53,(1) forse più attenzione di quanto non si sia fatto all’interno della Nostra Istituzione. Il Comune di Bari ha dedicato alla sua memoria una strada, ove oggi ha sede il Distretto della Corte d’Appello. Approfondendo alcuni cenni biografici, si comprende il peso che ha avuto, tanto nei riguardi della sua martoriata terra d’origine, favorendone l’apertura culturale, quanto per lo sviluppo della poesia nel nostro Paese. Il Fr Timurian con trasporto emotivo, mi ha mostrato vecchie foto, enarrando meravigliose storie di antica fratellanza, solidarietà umana e radicate affinità elettive. La sua è una famiglia di origine Armena ed i suoi avi giunsero a Bari da profughi, a causa del noto e triste eccidio. -
Nazariantz, Poeta D'incrocio
Nazariantz, poeta d’incrocio di Dorella Cianci 1. Brevi cenni biografici Nel 1913 un poeta armeno, Hrand Nazariantz, arrivò in Puglia; era poco più che un ragazzo che scribacchiava versi eppure già sfuggiva ad una condanna a morte e- messa dal governo turco, in quanto divulgatore di idee a favore del popolo armeno. Il suo esilio per ragioni politiche trovò approdo in Puglia, poiché a Costantinopoli con- viveva con un’attrice di avanspettacolo (nell’accezione data al termine prima dell’epoca fascista), Maddalena De Cosmis, grazie alla quale, arrivato in Italia, riuscì ad ottenere la cittadinanza italiana. Bari certamente non poteva ancora intuire che si stesse trovando dinanzi un candidato al Nobel1. Di recente la biografia del poeta, per lunghissimo tempo dimenticato, sta cono- scendo un rinnovato interesse sollecitato anche dalla nascita del Centro Studi Hrand Nazariantz2, a Bari, e preceduta da una piccola pubblicazione antologica di poesie scelte da una delle opere giovanili, Sogni crocefissi. Prima di parlare di questo eclettico poeta in rapporto a Bari, mi pare opportuno dare uno sguardo rapido alla sua vita in terra d’Armenia, non certamente priva di stimoli. Nacque nei sobborghi di Costantinopoli nel gennaio del 1886 e il suo co- gnome, come suggerito dal prof. Serge Mouraviev, rimanda agli ambienti della buona borghesia e dell’aristocrazia armena. Suo padre Diran era un linguista e un patriota, sua madre si chiamava Aznive Merhamedtian. Nel 1898 fu iscritto al Collegio Bérbé- rian di Costantinopoli ed in questi anni si rivelò subito un’intelligenza mirabile, se- gnata anche da un certo rigore comportamentale: Il curriculum di studi ed i metodi di insegnamento progettati da Berbe- rian prevedevano dure ma semplici condizioni. -
ARCHIVI DI FAMIGLIE E DI PERSONE, Materiali Per Una Guida, II
206 Archivi di famiglie e persone 2083. NEGRI AS Novara. Vèrsamento. Dati complessivi: bb. 11 (1537-1931 con docc. in copia dal 1167). Elenco. Carte patrimoniali della famiglia Negri, conservate nell'archivio dell'Ospedale maggiore della carità, riguardanti case di Novara e tenute agricole che Giuseppe Negri, nel 1900, lasciò in eredità all'ospedale stesso. BIBi., Guida, III, p. 183. 2084. NEGRONI Giovanni AS Novara. Deposito. Dati complessivi: bb. 3 (1812-1843). La documentazione è costitnita da carte professionali e personali del magistrato e awocato Giovanni Negroni. È conservata in Raccolte. e miscellanee, Mano scritti. 2085. NEGROTTO Biella, Fondazione Sella. Dati complessivi: scatole 6 (XIX-XX). Carte della famiglia Negrotto di Genova; si segualano quelle relative a Pericle f N egrotto, tenente colonnello dei bersaglier� irredentista e nazionalista. 2086. NIBBIA AS Novara. Versamento. Dati complessivi: b. 1 (1561-1780). Elenco. I! piccolo fondo, conservato nell'archivio dell'Ospedale maggiore della carità, contiene carte patrimoniali della famiglia, pervenute all'ente insieme con le pro prietà lasciate in eredità da Carlo Nibbia, chirurgo. BIBi., Guida, III, p. 183. ' , 2087. NICOLIS ,AS Novara. Versamento. Dati complessivi: pergg. 68 (1386-1492). Regesto; in ventario 1457. Le pergamene sono conservate nell'archivio dell'Ospedale maggiore della carità. Con testamento dell'anno 1401 Giovannino Nicolis destinò i propri beni alla fon dazione, in Novara, dell'Ospedale di S. Antonio, poi concentrato (1482) nell'Ospedale della carità. Un piccolo nucleo dell'archivio Nicolis (23 pergame ne) si trova nella raccolta Canetta (vedi scheda relativa). BIBe., Guida, III, p. 183. l. Codicetto contenente privilegi della famiglia Ponzone. Secolo XVI in. -
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Chapter 12 Aristocrats, Mercenaries, Clergymen and Refugees: Deliberate and Forced Mobility of Armenians in the Early Medieval Mediterranean (6th to 11th Century a.d.) Johannes Preiser-Kapeller 1 Introduction Armenian mobility in the early Middle Ages has found some attention in the scholarly community. This is especially true for the migration of individuals and groups towards the Byzantine Empire. A considerable amount of this re- search has focused on the carriers and histories of individual aristocrats or noble families of Armenian origin. The obviously significant share of these in the Byzantine elite has even led to formulations such as Byzantium being a “Greco-Armenian Empire”.1 While, as expected, evidence for the elite stratum is relatively dense, larger scale migration of members of the lower aristocracy (“azat”, within the ranking system of Armenian nobility, see below) or non- aristocrats (“anazat”) can also be traced with regard to the overall movement of groups within the entire Byzantine sphere. In contrast to the nobility, however, the life stories and strategies of individuals of these backgrounds very rarely can be reconstructed based on our evidence. In all cases, the actual signifi- cance of an “Armenian” identity for individuals and groups identified as “Ar- menian” by contemporary sources or modern day scholarship (on the basis of 1 Charanis, “Armenians in the Byzantine Empire”, passim; Charanis, “Transfer of population”; Toumanoff, “Caucasia and Byzantium”, pp. 131–133; Ditten, Ethnische Verschiebungen, pp. 124–127, 134–135; Haldon, “Late Roman Senatorial Elite”, pp. 213–215; Whitby, “Recruitment”, pp. 87–90, 99–101, 106–110; Isaac, “Army in the Late Roman East”, pp. -
Reflections on Fieldwork in the Region of Ani Christina Maranci I Study the Medieval Armenian Monuments—Churche
In the Traces: Reflections on Fieldwork in the Region of Ani Christina Maranci I study the medieval Armenian monuments—churches, monasteries, fortresses, palaces, and more—in what is now eastern Turkey (what many call western Arme- nia). For me, this region is at once the most beautiful, and most painful, place on earth. I am the grandchild of survivors of the Armenian Genocide of 1915–22, in which Armenians living in the Ottoman Empire suffered mass deportation and extermination: a crime that still goes unrecognized by the Turkish state.1 Scholars have characterized the Armenian monuments in Turkey as physical traces of their lost homeland.2 While my scholarship addresses these sites as historical and archi- tectural/artistic phenomena, that work does not often capture the moods and emotions I feel when I am there.3 I hope to offer here a sense of the more personal dimensions of firsthand work with the buildings and their landscapes. Many important medieval Armenian monuments stand on and around the closed international border between the Republics of Turkey and Armenia. Some of them are accessible to tourists, while others, like the church of Mren, remain forbidden, as they lie within or too close to the military zone. Dated to circa 638, and once part of the princely territory of the Kamsarakan family, Mren became the summer residence of the royal Armenian Bagratids in the tenth century.4 Once surrounded by a network of buildings, vineyards, and roads, now the church stands alone. Figure 1 illustrates the Armenian high plateau: deforested from antiquity, it is a rocky tableland lacerated by gorges and ringed with mountain chains. -
Akhtamar Numero 69
1 Anno 4, Numero 69 1 marzo 09—XCIV M.Y. Akhtamar on line Editoriale Abbiamo, poi, il pia- È proprio compito di cere di ospitare in questa nostra pubbli- questo numero, l’in- cazione quello di ri- Una decina di giorni tervento della dotto- cordare al pubblico fa si è conclusa l’en- ressa Vigilante al dei lettori argomenti nesima edizione del convegno tenutosi lo e tematiche che fac- Festival di Sanremo, scorso novembre ciano conoscere an- celebre kermesse presso la Biblioteca cor di più la storia, la canora nella città dei nazionale di Roma cultura e la vita della fiori. ed incentrato sulla nazione armena. Anche l’Armenia van- figura del poeta Na- Brevi riflessioni forie- ta una città dei fiori zariantz. Abbiamo, re, per chi è interes- e della musica: certo così, occasione di sato, di ulteriori ap- molto diversa dalla ritornare sull’argo- profondimenti. rinomata località del- mento (già sviluppa- La simpatia con la la riviera ligure, ep- to sul numero 62 di quale ci seguite è il pure con un suo fa- Akhtamar) ed appro- miglior viatico per scino tutto particola- fondire la figura di continuare in questa re che sottolineiamo questo grande espo- missione. per l’attenzione e la nente della cultura E poi, come si dice, curiosità dei nostri armena in Italia del se son rose … fiori- lettori. quale non si è mai ranno. parlato abbastanza. on line La città dei fiori È accaduto frequentemen- In alcuni casi, invece, non si La prima denominazione si te nella storia degli ultimi è più tornati all’antico ma la faceva risalire alla presenza settanta anni che le città denominazione di stampo di una chiesa del tredicesi- armene cambiassero nome, sovietico è stata poi sosti- mo secolo costruita con non una ma più volte, in tuita da altra ancora. -
The Armenians from Kings and Priests to Merchants and Commissars
The Armenians From Kings and Priests to Merchants and Commissars RAZMIK PANOSSIAN HURST & COMPANY, LONDON THE ARMENIANS To my parents Stephan and Sona Panossian RAZMIK PANOSSIAN The Armenians From Kings and Priests to Merchants and Commissars HURST & COMPANY,LONDON First published in the United Kingdom by C. Hurst & Co. (Publishers) Ltd, 41 Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3PL Copyright © by Razmik Panossian, 2006 All rights reserved. Printed in India The right of Razmik Panossian to be identified as the author of this volume has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyight, Designs and Patents Act, 1988. A catalogue record for this volume is available from the British Library. ISBNs 1-85065-644-4 casebound 1-85065-788-2 paperback ‘The life of a nation is a sea, and those who look at it from the shore cannot know its depths.’—Armenian proverb ‘The man who finds his homeland sweet is still a tender beginner; he to whom every soil is as his native one is already strong; but he is perfect to whom the entire world is as a foreign land. The tender soul has fixed his love on one spot in the world; the strong man has extended his love to all places; the perfect man has extinguished his.’—Hugo of St Victor (monk from Saxony,12th century) The proverb is from Mary Matossian, The Impact of Soviet Policies in Armenia. Hugo of St Victor is cited in Edward Said, ‘Reflections on Exile’, Granta, no. 13. CONTENTS Preface and Acknowledgements page xi 1. Introduction 1 THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND DEFINITIONS 5 A brief overview: going beyond dichotomies 6 Questionable assumptions: homogenisation and the role of the state 10 The Armenian view 12 Defining the nation 18 — The importance of subjectivity 20 — The importance of modernity 24 — The characteristics of nations 28 2. -
Building Churches in Armenia: Art at the Borders of Empire and the Edge of the Canon
The Art Bulletin ISSN: 0004-3079 (Print) 1559-6478 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rcab20 Building Churches in Armenia: Art at the Borders of Empire and the Edge of the Canon Christina Maranci To cite this article: Christina Maranci (2006) Building Churches in Armenia: Art at the Borders of Empire and the Edge of the Canon, The Art Bulletin, 88:4, 656-675, DOI: 10.1080/00043079.2006.10786313 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/00043079.2006.10786313 Published online: 03 Apr 2014. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 74 Citing articles: 3 View citing articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=rcab20 Building Churches in Armenia: Art at the Borders of Empire and the Edge of the Canon Christina Maranci Between the index entries for “Arles” and “arms and armor” ence of multiple and distinct voices within a single voice or in most general studies of medieval art is a thin rectangle of language) and ambiguity became shrewd diplomatic devices. white space. For those seeking “Armenia,” this interval is as The Armenian structures thus can generate an alternative familiar as it is bleak, for the cultures of the Transcaucasus picture of the early medieval Christian East, one in which typically occupy a marginal position, if any, within the study military conflict activated, rather than dulled, the visual and of the Middle Ages. One might blame realities of geography verbal response. and language: a stony tableland wedged between Byzantium These churches present the additional benefit of furnish- and the Sasanian and Islamic Near East, home to a tongue ing architectural evidence from an era often considered vir- unintelligible to Greek or Latin ears, Armenia could be per- tually bereft of monuments. -
Conversion of Armenia
THE CONVERSION OF ARMENIA TO THE CHRISTIAN FAITH HORACE HART, PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY THE CONVERSION OF ARMENIA TO THE CHRISTIAN FAITH BY W. ST. CLAIR-TISDALL, M.A., C.M.S. AUTHOR OF 'THE RELIGION OF THE CRESCENT,' ETC. ' Te Martyrum candidatus laudat exercitns: Te per orbem terrarnm sancta confitetur Ecclesia. Tu Rex Gloriae, Christe I '-Te Deum. THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY 56 PATERNOSTER ROW AND 65 ST. PAUL'S CHURCHYARD [A /l n'ghts reserved J PREFACE DURING the last few years the world ha~ witnessed a terribl.e spectacle. We nave seen a Christian nation in Asia, of the same Aryan blood as ourselves, suffering the most cruel wrongs at the hands of the Turks and their confederates, the Kurds. We have seen members of this Christian nation, men and women and little children, massacred in tens qf thousands, and our illustrated papers have presented us with photographic views of some of these terrible scenes. We have read of large numbers dying a martyr's death rather than embrace Islam, and have heard of those who had less courage and faith being driven at the point of the sword to repeat the ,creed of the. Arabian Antichrist. We have beheld some thing more strange still - the Christian nations of Europe hampered in their endeavours to put a stop to this state of things by their mutual ·distrust and jealousy of one another. And thus, as we draw near the end of the nineteenth century, our news papers are quietly discussing the question whether or not Turkey will succeed in exterminating the 6 PREFACE whole Christian population of her Armenian provinces, or in forcing upon them, at the sword's point, an apostasy worse than death. -
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Azerbaijan, Georgia and Armenia Tour in 26 days Key information Duration: 26 days / 25 nights Best season: July - Seprember Tour type: small group/individual What’s included: Airport and border transfers, Accommodation for 25 nights at 3* hotels (double rooms, free Wi-Fi), Breakfast, All transfers in air-conditioned vehicles, English speaking guide service for all days, All admission fees, 1 bottle (0,5 litre) of water per day per person, Tatev cable car ticket, Wine tasting, Masterclass of Georgian bread and churchkhela making What’s not included: Flights, Medical insurance, Visa fee Itinerary in Brief Day 1 - Arrival in Baku (Azerbaijan) Day 2 - Baku City Tour Day 3 - Mardakan Day 4 - Gobustan - Absheron - Baku Day 5 - Baku - Shamakhi - Gabala Day 6 - Gabala - Sheki Day 7 - Sheki - Lagodekhi border - Nekresi - Khareba - Telavi Day 8 - Telavi - Tsinandali - Sighnaghi - Tbilisi Day 9 - Tbilisi City Tour - Mtskheta - Tbilisi Day 10 - Tbilisi - Ananuri - Gudauri - Gergeti - Tbilisi Day 11 - Tbilisi - Gori - Kutaisi - Gelati - Bagrati - Kutaisi Day 12 - Kutaisi - Colchis - Svaneti - Mestia Day 13 - Mestia - Ushguli - Lamaria - Zhibiani - Mestia Day 14 - Mestia - Martvili - Prometheus Cave - Kutaisi Day 15 - Kutaisi - Uplistsikhe - Tbilisi Day 16 - Sadakhlo border - Haghartsin - Goshavank - Dilijan Day 17 - Sevanvank - Selim Pass - Jermuk Day 18 - Karahunj - Tatev - Khndzoresk - Goris Day 19 - Goris - Areni - Noravank - Khor Virap - Yerevan Day 20 - Yerevan City Tour Day 21 - Garni - Geghard - Yerevan Day 22 - Gyumri City Tour Day 23 - Harichavank - Saghmosavank - Amberd - Yerevan Day 24 - Echmiadzin - Zvartnots - Yerevan Day 25 - Free Day Day 26 - Departure Detailed itinerary Day 1 Meeting at the airport of Baku, transfer to the hotel. Overnight: Hotel in Baku Day 2 In the morning you will have a city tour in Baku. -
The Capital of the Bagratuni Kingdom of Medieval Armenia
The Capital of the Bagratuni Kingdom of Medieval Armenia "There is a glorious city in Armenia by the name of Ani where are 1000 churches and some 100 000 families inhabit”". VINCENT DE BEAUVAIS (1190-1264) Dominican monk The map was compiled in Germany in 853 and shows the situation in X century. Extract from the Shpruner Atlas. The Armenian Highland is the geographical which, starting from VI c. BC, the Yervanduni area separated within the mountain ranges (Orontid) rulers, founders of the Armenian of the Lesser Caucasus, Pontus, Meghedukh, kingdom and the inheritors of the history and Taurus and those shaping the northern edge culture of Urartu, anchored their dynasty. Un- of Zagros, where the Armenian people took its der their reign the capital was transferred from origin from/since time immemorial and creat- Tushpa-Van to Armavir. ed its millennial history and culture. Henceforth, during the course of time, the Already during the Neolithic and Eneolithic successive Armenian dynasties, proceeding periods early farming communities gradual- from the expediency of their times, moved ly emerged in the Armenian Highland which the capital of Armenia from one location to flourished in the early Bronze Age (IV-III mil- another. During the reign of Artaxids (189 lennia BC). In the II millenium BC ancient state BC¬1 AD), the capital was transferred from formations appeared here (Tegarama, Nairi, Ar mavir to the newly-built Artashat (and to Ha yasa-Azzi, Arme-Shupria, etc.); later, in Tigranakert, for a short while): Under the Ar- IX c. BC, one of the most powerful states of shakuni (Arsakid) dynasty reign (66¬428), the ancient Middle East Urartu (Kingdom of the city of Dvin became the capital of Arme- Van) - emerged in the area. -
Armenian Neighbours (600–1045)
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by St Andrews Research Repository CHAPTER 8 ARMENIAN NEIGHBOURS (600–1045) t. w. greenwood introduction Anyone wishing to unravel the history of the relationship between Byzan- tium and Armenia from late antiquity into the eleventh century has to confront a series of historical and historiographical challenges. The most immediate, and intractable, of these is one of definition: what does ‘Armenia’ mean? Although Armenia is used to express a territorial entity in contemporary texts, both Armenian and non-Armenian in origin, its precise meaning varies according to the date and the context in which it is used. Far from finding a single, stable definition of Armenia, one discovers multiple ‘Armenias’.1 Thus a seventh-century Armenian geographical com- pilation depicts ‘Great Armenia’ as comprising not only regions currently recognised as Armenian but also those with historic associations.2 Successive provinces of Armenia were imposed and superimposed by external powers, each with a particular scope. The kingdom of Armenia, re-established in 884, bore little relation to its Arsacid precursor and increasingly represented only the Bagratuni kingdom centred on Ani, excluding rival kingdoms in Vaspurakan, Siwnik‘ and elsewhere. Given the absence of stable territorial boundaries and in the light of significant Arab settlement in certain districts from the end of the eighth century, there have been attempts to construct Armenian identity in terms of a blend of confessional,