UNITED LABOR BULLETIN Page Seven RETIRES WITH RECORD FREIGHT RATES OLD PROBLEM Qovsrnmsnts snd the Transportation Over the Sub- CONDUCTOR Lines Wrangled OLDEST RAILROAD ject 1300 Years Ago. IN COUNTRY ENDB WORK. THE ADVENTURER It Is Interesting to learn from a papyrus In the University museum by exces- OF high cost living and CZAR NICHOLAS &, B. Ughtcap of Kansas City Had 45 that tho of Ysars of Continuous Bervlca With sive freight rateji were Issues at least 1,800 peculiar \ One Lins —Talks of Times' years ago, and It is a coincidence that the complaint arose i Changes. COPYRIGHT RIDGWAY In Theadalphia, a name closely allied KINGBY CO. ARTHUR D. HOWDEN SMITH. to our own city, which Is now wres- "After 46 years of service, 34 of those tling with the cost of food and the year as conductor of a passenger rates on anthracite coal. It seems as train, S. B. Ught- If there is nothing new under the sun. cap, 81C Forest the same issues prevail and the same avenue, Kansas struggle Is being waged. boon re- City, has However, It seems certain that we tired at the age of are much better ofT than the fellahin seventy years, of Egypt In the apostolic age, or even pension with a than the small proprietors, who from the railroad landed had to pay as much freight "as the company of $64 a traffic would bear" for transportation m?mvoc mouGHTfir sarw atxvxuu re- month for the on the Nile. We get a glimpse of life E HAS always seemed to me the prince of mainder of his under the Ptolomles In Egypt, when all adventurers: a man whose nostrils life. the country was drained to furnish Llght- sniffed the breath of battle as eagerly as When Mr. Roma with food. It la an amazing ’ roost of us sniff a flower; a mau whose cap retired he was thing that In the Fa youm district, ' person delighted the zest of dan- the oldest conduc- is a pockdt to the west- virile In which little ger, who was invariably willing to stake tor In years of ser- ward of the Nile, flimsy records on so as be . his on the right; a man hardy vice. far papyrus have been preserved all deter- In the should ! mined, daring, resourceful, bold, yet never knows. to this day. This Is only possible In reckless; withal a man who knew United States. a of perpetual dryness. Egypt when land to enough steer the Mr. Ughtcap saw many changes In has without rain through two let well alone and the thriven middle path of caution. methodß of railroading. When he millenniums because the necessary went in 1868 it was He happened to be born with royal blood In bis to Omaha from water comes not from the skies, but j reins; Every of Pittsburgh, where he had gone along the Nile from the center of Hbut that is of small account. inch territory, he has fought for, after being mustered out of the Union Africa. every subject he owns, army Penn- and It Is to to He was in the Fourteenth Eighteen centuries may seem a long his credit that the domains handed sylvania cavalry was In. every him by predecessor, fifty-two years ago, and time to us, at the time the com- his have principal battle In the east from the but been rather more than In extent and popu- plaint of freight rates was mentioned doubled second to through might the agility battle of Bull Ran the sur- had been at least 5,000 years of lation the of hla sword and render there of at Appomattox. recorded history In Egypt, and un- his brain. "When I began as a passenger con- of Montenegro, doubtedly many millenniums which Nicholas Petrovich Nlegoch, czar ductor from Kansas City to Brook- left no record. The poor fellahin, the prince of the Zeta, voivode of Brda, and gospodar rills." he said. Abilene was the north- actual cultivators of the soil, com- of Tchernagora. Europe’s last feudal ruler, was born ern end the long from at * of cattle trail prised a sort pcUient who Nlegoch. the ancestral home of his house, on There bouse north of animal September M&raz/H seme tv Texas. was not a had become Inured to oppression and 25, 1841. He came of the wonderful railroad, where the principal line which for more TmumssenwG szkyra-* of the greed, and who never had the slight* has given rulers to Montenegro of ITmumssenwG1 port Abilene is now, and I have est opportunity for self-development than two hundred years and which was one of the seen thousands of Texas cattle grazing until within thirty years, when the foremost families of the ancient principality for country miles who had there. In all of the tor British government set him on his feet centuries before that. The Petrovich dynasty has young Nicholas, oust of where rich farms are upon his Abllens. and gave not only freedom from reigned in Montenegro since 1696. when the rule of often relied the him Bow. there was not a settler and lashings by the from extra the hereditary vladlkas. or prince-bishops, was In- judgment and advice. But was a courbash. aod was unbroken. Sallna taxation, but permitted him to ac- augurated. But for hundreds of years before that no man. however young, through a something on his date, even before the time of the first Black Prince. could have gone cumulate little which had own account and to become more Stephen Chrnolevlch, the Petrovich were an hon- the experiences than a tool of the officials. —Philadel- ored family, who boasted the rank of roivode or been the prince’s lot dur- years phia Inquirer. • ;lord. ing the few of his All of the men of this line have been men of great reign without learning personal prowess, exceptional military ability, much thereby. MAIL EXCHANGE WORKS WELL statesmanship and political cunning, and possesed Nicholas realized that of marked personal magnetism. Living, for the it was as certain as such New Idea Tried Out Has Received most psrt, lives of strictest celibacy, quaint mix- things could be that soon- have of the Government tures of the warrior and the monk, they presided er or later he would the Sanction Turkey Railroad Mall Service. over the destinies of their tiny nation with a sense another war with of responsibility that you will not find equaled by on his hands. He set out A new mall exchange Is being tried the standard of any ruling dynasty in Europe to prepare for It almost out In California and has been pro- At the beginning of its existence. Montenegro was before hostilities had been nounced a success by the representa- ruled by successive dynasties of princes, of which concluded. He secured mod- tlvee of the government Railroad Mall t» i last was the Chrnolevlch In 1616, however, large quantities of artillery—- Service department of the post office the system of government was changed, and what TONG 2f7CZfOZJL6 AND JOTZcQf ern rifles and as well ax by the officials of the rail- were known as elective vladlkas were Installed. W7ZOW3 CTJairVlgßa an arm in which the road company along whose line this One ruler of the Petrovich was succeeded by his had been device Is being used. A 15-foot tower brother's son. Strangely enough, there was he has written several poetic dramas, including sadly crippled—and instituted a systematic plan the Is erected at each mall delivery sta- never any jealousy among the nephews nb< were "The Empress of the Balkans" and "Prince Ar- of military organiaztion. on the model of tion. At the top of these towers are passed over. banit.'' all dealing with Serb history, and de- greater European nations. a pair of great semi-circular horns, For Instance, the father of Cxar Nicholas. clared to possess unusual merit. The result was that Turkey feared to wring while the tower at the base Is imbed- Mlrko. known as the “Sword of Mor.tenegro'— He was not quite nineteen when he was called from Montenegro all the privileges the sultan ded in cement and surrounded by a the most famous warrior the little land can boast to take his uncle's place. Two months later he had really gained under the last treaty. small platform Tbe mall train Is and a stalwart bulwark against the invasions of married Milena Voukovlch. daughter of one of During the next fourteen years there were equipped with a pair of on tbe the Mont-negro the principal voivodes, who had been a brother- many • outbreaks along the frontier In 6. B. Llghtcap. rails Turks which threatened until covert celling of tbe car On this Is placed 1878. when Russia put a stop once and for all to ln-arms of his father. Mlrko. The Czarina Mil- fact, such affairs have always been regular top- reiy small village and In all the coun- a steel arm on wheels, which arm. Moslem aggression In Europe—was twice passed ena is still one of the handsomest women in Eu- ics of gossip in Montenegro up to the present try west of there a plow had never attached to a chain, raises a large over for the throne, the second time In favor of rope. She stood shoulder to shoulder with her time. been stuck Into the sod. steel hook when pushed forward. A his own son Yet he fought cherefull.v both for husband throughout all the trials and adversities It came in 1576. when Servia declared war all "I ran through Abilene In the days spring retains tbe arm in position. A hla brother and his son and never showed a trace of his eventful reign, at times when he was by herself against Turkey, and Montenegro threw when Wild Bill Hickok was town mar- steel ring which clamps the mall of 111-feellng, although, as has been said, he has driven from pillar to post by the Moslem hordes In the whole force and weight of her 190.000 In- shal. and through Hays when Bill peuch Is attached to the arm and a always been regarded as the best leader the that were poured through the defiles of the habitants with Servia's 2.000,800. There had Cody now famous as Buffalo Bill, was ring of tbe same typo la attached to Black Mountain men ever had. Lovchen range In wave after wave, so that even been some rumor of a Russian declaration of war marshal there. Many a time I saw the arm of the standard. The i.ook To tell the story of Cxar Nicholas, the first of the brave Black Mountain men quailed under the against the sultan. But Montenegro did not wait the body of a man swinging from a tel- on the standard points In one direc- tbe Montenegrin rulers to wear a kingly crown, attack and sought safety on the impassable moun- for this. That was not the Montenegrin way. egraph pole. In those days railroad tion and that on the train In the oth- means the telling of the story of his country tain heights. “Fight for your brothers against any odds," that trains in the west were Infested with er. As the train passes the books throughout his reign. They had peace of a kind for a year, and then is the Montenegrin creed, and Prince Nicholas 1 It is story lightly told, three-card monte men. and knew not a which can be war broke out with redoubled violence. The in- acted upon it. The blood of Tchernagora ran as either, for s* Canada BUI. the notorious confidence It Involves description of .eral of surrection of the rayahs. or Christian peasants of hotly as of old. But there was more than hot man. who used to operate on the the most stltring combats which have taken place the Herzegovina, aroused the sympathies of the blood and desperate courage to throw into the trains out of Kansas City. since the days of the Crusade^. Montenegrins, and young Prince Nicholas found balance for the principality this time. There was "I was well acquainted with Jim In the first place. It Is necessary to give a his hands full trying to obey the Injunctions of the result of all the scientific preparations Nich- Ilrklger. fightor. the Indian scout and brief sketch of the land of Montenegro, or Tcher- the great powers to refrain from hostilities and olas had been making for fourteen years '* trapper who discovered Brldger’s pass nagora—"the Black Mountain, to call It by the keep his fiery subjects in check. His of efficiency told right % increased standard through the Rockies. I hajiled him name Its inhabitants love best. Monten* »:ro was ’ For some months he held out against the at the start, w hen he was able to rally 20.000 men many a mile colonized in the last decade of the fourteenth cen- wishes of the nation, with somewhat dubious suc- to his standard—the largest army Monjtenegro "I hauled the rush of gold seekers tury by noble families from Macedonia. Servla cess. He honestly did his best to remain neu- had ever put In the field. Instead of waiting for to Denver and Deadwood. snd later to and Bulgaria, the pick of the old Slav aristocracy, tral; he even consented to allow the Turks to the Turks to attack, he pressed the war Into the Cripple Creek. 1 hauled the millions who fled from their upland castles In the Rho- send their convoys across Montenegrin territory. enemy's country. of Immigrants who first settled Kansas dope hills after the battle of Kossovo In 1389, A series of “frontier Incidents” —"frontier Inci- By means of a series of combats that he after- many and Colorado, for ours was for when the Turks completely crushed the < irlstlau dent" is the designation for any fracas along the ward loved to style "Homeric" in his moments of years the only railroad from Kansas power In the Balkan peninsula, and the great Montenegrin border which results In fatalities—- reminiscence, the prince compelled Niksic to capit- City to the west Bulgar-Serb empire, which had been numbered followed close upon one another's hels. The ulate. an achievement which. In his people's opin- "One of my dutlos In those early hmong the mightiest In Europe, went down to Turks grasped eagerly at the chance they had ion. overshadowed all the others of the war. for days was to see that the tallow I everlasting defeat. been looking for. Omar Pasha, viceroy of the Niksic had stood for centuries a threatening out- At Mile a Minute. candles In the cars were lighted when From that time on. the story of Montenegro Is western provinces, one of the bitterest foes of post of the Moslem power at their very gates. dusk came It was several years be- the story of endless battles, wars, sieges, raids, Montenegro, threw a huge army across the fron- Then, unwearied by the months of steady fight- run through the rings picking up and fore we got oil lamps, and years more forays and encounters with tho Turks, varied tier, by previous defeats at ing. the prinee countermarched his army to the delivering the mall at the same time. undeterred his the before we got gas light. We had no occasionally by combats with the Venetians, who of Mlrko. was reasoned In Constanti- south, pressed on to the sea coast, and for the The pouch, caught on the train hands It lr brakes, but eased the train down hook. made several abortive attempts to scale the Im- nople that young Nicholas had earned the dis- first time In the centuries of Montenegro's ex- Is deposited on car at stops with old-fashioned wheel the floor of the pregnable road known as the "Montenegrin Lad- like of his subjects by his peace policy, and that istence. the Montenegrin eagles bathed In the while that on the tower awaits the brakes operated by hand. Our en- der,* which runs from the Bocca dl Cattora up now. while was In the Christian brine of the Adriatic. Antiv&rt and Dulcigno arrival of the postmaster to be re- there turmoil gines then were much smaller than . to Cettlnje. and. later, with th*> French camp. Turkey might It easy to crack the nut fell, and Skutari—the 'bloody of Automatically upon re- combats find both Skutari" those In use now. and so were the pas- leased the and Austrians. so many efforts for so many the Montenegrin ballads—was besieged, when lease of the pouch the arm travels which had resisted senger coaches. An average coach Time and again the Turkish Sultans and their hundreds of years. news of peace came. carry or persons." back Into tho car while the steel would 40 50 viceroys, the Pashas of . Bosnia ad the things exactly as Turkey Well might Nicholas sit back content. In a horns on the tower tip upward ab- But did not turn out In his 45 years of railroading Mr. Herzegovina, endeavored to conquer tiny had anticipated A great part the principality succession of campaigns that had met with un- sorbing most of the shock, and at the tho of Ughtcap never had an accident that land. Fcr four hundred and fifty years, army was overrun, most of the villages were.destroyed broken victory, he had pushed forward hts fron- anyone, never a passenger same time making the track clearance in every direction. He had reduced every tujured had after army, led by the Janissaries and beat gen- and ruin every one In the face. Omar's tiers killed was never Injured himself. required by the railroad department stared fortress within striking distance of his and ( erals Turkey could produce, attempted to conquer army had entered the country In three divisions, Turkish never had an ndvonture that he of the goverumenL frontiers, save He ! Montenegro and failed. During the first half of aiming to comb it from side to side, and making Skutari. telling, thinks Is worth either. His ; the last century the warfare between tho little their principal against the valley of the So passed more than thirty years—eventful health and physical condition effort splendid Unsafe Safety Devices. ; principality and Its great enemy was almost un- might highroad of they would have been called in any other part of refute general railroad- Zeta. which be called the the belief that A New England railroad man said ceasing In the reign of Danllo 11. unde of Montenegro, the main artery of its life But. led Europe, but somewhat dreary for Montenegro. ing is Injurious In the long run. He Nicholas, a were long at a luncheon In Boston: i uumNr of tremendous battles by the giant fighter. Mlrko. and their boy prince— So ago as IS6S. of hts own free-will and owns the cottage in which ho lives, way some people talk, you'd fought. In whom they trussed implicitly, once he had without any pressure—indeed. In the face of the and that, togother with the pensions "The that there were a thousand Five years before the time came for war —the Montenegrins took up un- opposition of many of his advisers —he voluntar- from government the railway think Nicholas sanctioned the and safety appliances, any one of which, to ascend the throne, his destiny had been de- flinchingly the struggle of their fathers. The ily granted the country a constitution and abro- are all I • has. applied to American trains, woul