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KOĽKO SA POZNÁME Z Dejín Národnostných Spoločenstiev Vo Vojvodine

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KOĽKO SA POZNÁME Z Dejín Národnostných Spoločenstiev Vo Vojvodine Pokrajinský sekretariát pre vzdelávanie, predpisy, správu a národnostné menšiny – národnostné spoločenstvá Projekt: AFIRMÁCIA MULTIKULTÚRNOSTI A TOLERANCIE VO VOJVODINE KOĽKO SA POZNÁME z dejín národnostných spoločenstiev vo Vojvodine Nový Sad 2017 Pokrajinský sekretariát pre vzdelávanie, predpisy, správu a národnostné menšiny – národnostné spoločenstvá Projekt: AFIRMÁCIA MULTIKULTÚRNOSTI A TOLERANCIE VO VOJVODINE KOĽKO SA POZNÁME z dejín národnostných spoločenstiev vo Vojvodine Autori textov: Milan Micić Dr Pál Tibor Kalman Kuntić Dr Zoltán Meszáros Árpád Papp Mirko Grlica Ózer Ágnes Olgica Ninkov Kovačev Milkica Popović Ljubica Otić Dr. Janko Ramač Mr Mircea Măran Jaroslav Miklovic Lektor: Aleksandra Pešić Vnesenie textov: Marica Finčur Cetinka Svitlica Ilustrácie z osobného archívu poskytol: Ivan Kukurov Nový Sad 2017 PREDSLOV .......................................................................................................................... 6 ÚVOD .................................................................................................................................... 7 1. IDEA, NÁZOV, POJEM A HRANICE VOJVODINY ........................................................... 7 1.1. Idea utvorenia Vojvodiny ................................................................................................................................. 7 1.2 Pôvod názvu Vojvodina ..................................................................................................................................... 8 1.3. Hranice Vojvodiny ............................................................................................................................................. 8 2. HISTORICKÉ OBLASTI BUDÚCEJ VOJVODINY PRED TURECKÝM VPÁDOM ............ 9 2.1 Krátky prehľad dejín Vojvodiny do konca 19. storočia ....................................................................................... 9 2.2. Vojvodina od presunu Maďarov po Turecké výboje ........................................................................................ 11 I. KAPITOLA ........................................................................................................................12 OD PÁDU SRBSKÉHO DESPOTSTVA PO SMRŤ KRÁĽA JOZEFA II. (1459-1790) .........12 1. OD PÁDU SRBSKÉHO DESPOTSTVA (1459) PO BITKU PRI MOHÁČI (1526) ............13 1.1 Prenikanie Osmanovcov a jeho následky ....................................................................................................... 13 1.2. Sriem a Banát v znamení prvých tureckých útokov ........................................................................................ 13 1.3. Prvý srbský despota v Uhorsku ...................................................................................................................... 13 1.4. Vstup srbských feudálov do radov uhorských veľmožov, ich majetky v Uhorsku a prvé srbské sťahovania .. 14 1.5. Historické a mýtické spomienky na spoločné boje .......................................................................................... 14 1. 6. Obrana Belehradu a spomienky na ňu .......................................................................................................... 15 1. 7. Pád Srbského despotstva a jeho následky .................................................................................................... 15 1. 8. Vojenský spôsob života sa stal trvalou príznačnosťou Srbov ........................................................................ 16 1.9. Osamelé Uhorsko vo vojne proti Osmanovcom a srbskí despoti v Uhorsku ................................................... 16 1.10. Srbi na iných bojiskách v službe uhorských kráľov ....................................................................................... 17 1.11. Prvý náznak náboženskej tolerancie a ďalšie osídľovanie Srbov ................................................................. 17 1.12. Zánik despotickej hodnosti, srbsko-valašské a srbsko-chorvátske vzťahy ................................................... 18 1. 13. Povstanie Juraja Dóžu ................................................................................................................................. 18 1.14. Zánik stredovekého Uhorska, strata južnej obrannej línie s Belehradom ..................................................... 19 1. 15. Bitka pri Moháči a rozpad Uhorska .............................................................................................................. 19 2. OD BITKY PRI MOHÁČI (1526) PO MIER V KARLOVCI (1699) .....................................19 2.1. Cár Jovan Nenad ............................................................................................................................................ 20 2.2 Obliehanie Viedne v roku 1529 a zničenie uhorského odboja ......................................................................... 20 2.3 Ďalšie silnenie srbsko-slovanského prvku v južnom Uhorsku a stály vojnový stav .......................................... 21 2.4 Obsadenie Budína a jeho následky ................................................................................................................. 21 2.5 Ďalšie vojenské výpravy Osmanovcov ............................................................................................................ 21 2.6 Územie Vojvodiny v Osmanskej ríši ................................................................................................................ 22 2.7 Prvé srbské povstanie proti Osmanom a organizovaná obrana zvyšných častí Uhorska ................................ 22 2.8 Prvý akt náboženskej tolerancie ...................................................................................................................... 23 2.9 Obdobie habsbursko-osmanských vojen ......................................................................................................... 23 2.10 Dlhá pätnásťročná vojna (1593-1606) a povstania Srbov .............................................................................. 23 2.11 Ohlasy povstania ........................................................................................................................................... 24 2.12 Zánik Povstania v Banáte .............................................................................................................................. 25 2.13 Spomienky na Povstanie v Banáte ................................................................................................................ 25 2.14 Obrat v habsbursko-osmanských vzťahoch ................................................................................................... 25 2.15 Veľká turecká vojna (1683-1699) ................................................................................................................... 26 2.16 Srbi vo Veľkej tureckej vojne ......................................................................................................................... 27 2.17 Prenikanie rakúskych veliteľov vojsk do srdca Balkánu ................................................................................. 27 2.18 Veľké sťahovanie Srbov, ich príjem v južnom Uhorsku a Chorvátsku a privilégiá ......................................... 27 2.19 Djordje Branković – predvídavý človek, znalec, historik, spisovateľ .............................................................. 28 2.20 Nová utečenecká vlna ................................................................................................................................... 28 2.21 Ďalší priebeh a následky Veľkej viedenskej vojny ......................................................................................... 28 2.22 Bitka pri Sente ............................................................................................................................................... 29 2.23 Mier v Karlovci ............................................................................................................................................... 29 3. OD MIERU V KARLOVCI (1699) PO ÚMRTIE JOZEFA II. (1790) ...................................29 3.1. Nové šance a situácia v 18. storočí ................................................................................................................ 29 3.2 Prispôsobovanie sa Srbov na nových územiach ............................................................................................. 30 3.3 Naše kraje v novom historickom kontexte ....................................................................................................... 31 3.4 Úloha pravoslávnej cirkvi v srbskej spoločnosti ............................................................................................... 31 3.5. Poslanie patriarchu a cirkevno-národých snemov .......................................................................................... 32 3.6. Viedenský dvor, jeho politika voči Srbom a kontakty srbských cirkevných vrchností s Viedenským dvorom .. 32 3.7. Barok vo Vojvodine ......................................................................................................................................... 33 3.8. Otázka náboženskej tolerancie ....................................................................................................................... 33 3.9 Srbsko-ruské kultúrne a náboženské kontakty ................................................................................................ 34 3.10. Kontakty Srbov so strednou Európou a národmi, ktoré v nej žili ..................................................................
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