TAYSIDE AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL

JOURNAL

INDEX VOLUMES 1–10

Compiled by Peter Gunn

TAYSIDE AND FIFE ARCHAEOLOGICAL COMMITTEE PERTH Index to Volumes 1–10

Notes 1 Location references are expressed as vol number followed by page number. The journal is published in November each year to coincide with the annual TAFAC conference. The journal is available by post from John 2 Illustrations, maps and plans have italic page numbers. There may also be textual references on these pages. Sherriff, Hon Treasurer TAFAC, 21 Burleigh Crescent, Inverkeithing, Fife, KY11 1DQ. 3 Bibliographical references are not indexed. 4 References to footnote(s) are indicated by the page reference followed by ʻnʼ or ʻnnʼ. Editorial board 2004 Lisbeth Thoms (Editor), Derek Hall (Assistant Editor), Mark Hall (TAFAC Chairman), John Sherriff (TAFAC Treasurer) and Colin Martin. a Pictish slabs 5.47 Aardenburg, pottery kilns 5.98 see also Turin Hill Abbey Craig, Stirlingshire, spears 7.5 Churchyard, Angus, at 6.158, 6.161 Abbey National Building, High Street, Perth see Perth (High Aberlemno Roadside (sculpture) 6.158 Street) Abernethy, Duncan, smithy 4.93–4.96 Abbotʼs House, Maygate, 2.56, 2.70–2.112, 2.71, Abernethy, 3.190, 6.181, 10.56 2.73, 2.74, 2.81, 2.128 11th-century tower 6.180 garden 2.75, 2.84, 2.85, 2.87, 2.109, 2.112 early medieval ecclesiatical community 1.7 heritage centre 2.70, 2.87, 2.112 pilgrimage route 7.10 medieval pottery 9.90 Primary School: stone surfaces and structures 10.73–10.83 pottery 4.188 see also workshops 2.75–2.77, 2.75, 2.77, 2.106–2.107, 2.109, 2.110 Abertay Historical Society 8.140 Abbotʼs Well, Fife 3.188 , Perthshire 6.169, 6.174, 6.180, 8.179 Abbotsford, Roxburghshire, Woodwray cross-slab 1.9n4 Achnafoy, , souterrain 9.65 Abbotsford Club 4.232, 4.233 Ada de Warenne 7.95, 7.105, 7.113 Abbotshaugh, Dalderse, Stirlingshire 7.5 Adam, Robert (farmer) 4.45 Abdie, Fife, sculpture at 6.182 Adam, William 8.179 , Perthshire, Roman temporary camp 10.83 Adomnán, Life of St 4.140, 6.174, 6.179 Abercairney, Perthshire, corn-drying kiln 10.113 Adornes, Sir Anselm 9.109 Abercrombie, Fife, milestone 6.229 Adrian, Saint 3.143 Abercrombie Church, Fife 3.193 aerial survey 9.61 cropmarks/cropmark sites 5.31–5.32, 6.11 Carmelite Friary on the Green 6.78 see also below Gallowgate (Nos 53–59) 6.104 moated sites 3.178 High Street, medieval buildings 7.81 settlement patterns 1.20 Kingʼs College Chapel 6.195–6.196, 6.196, 6.197 Late Iron Age buildings 3.86 St Nicholasʼ Church 6.196, 6.197 pottery kiln sites 2.127 St Paulʼs Street (No. 42) 1.40 ʻsouthern Pictlandʼ souterrains 8.77, 8.79 Trinity Hall 6.196 water meadows 7.134, 7.137, 7.140, 7.141 cattle and sheep remains 3.138 Abernethy, Perthshire, stone surfaces and structures 10.73, deep soil formation 7.90, 7.91 10.75, 10.83 fairs established around 1.36 4.262 human skeletal remains 3.146, 3.154, 3.155 Ballinbreich , Fife 3.190 medieval food and diet 7.72 Carse of Gowrie 4.173, 4.174 pottery 1.43, 2.88, 2.128, 4.177, 5.58, 5.97 Carsie Mains 10.1, 10.2, 10.20 timber to stone structures 7.80 Castle Menzies enclosure, Perthshire 8.13 Aberdeenshire, South: Field School of Archaeology 5.28–5.35, Craigie Hill, Fife 3.61, 3.62, 3.63, 3.68, 3.69, 3.70 2004 5.36, 5.46 Cupar, Fife 3.192 , Fife Dubton Farm, Angus: Neolithic/Iron Age 8.19, 8.21, 8.29, © Tayside and Fife Archaeological Committee 7.20 8.34 terraced gardens 8.172 Knock, 10.65 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, elec- Aberdour Castle, Fife Duncrub, Perthshire: lithic scatter 8.2 tronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher. circular dovecot 10.150 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.77, 3.78–3.80, 3.81, 3.82, 3.83, 3.91, glass fragments 4.225 3.113 ISSN 1360-5550 Aberfeldy, Perthshire 3.42, 3.48, 5.135, 9.12 Edenwood, Fife: Roman camp 4.90, 4.91, 4.96 see also Litigan; Lundin Farm Fife extractive workings 1.78, 1.85 Typeset by Christina Unwin e-mail [email protected] Aberlemno, Angus Fife water pipelines 4.67 carved stones 5.32 Fletcherfield, Strathmore, Angus: souterrain 8.103, 8.104 Printed on CD by Burns & Harris, cup-markings 1.14 Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.166 early medieval sculpture collection 1.7–1.8, 1.8 Hawkhill cropmark enclosure 9.55, 9.56, 9.59 4 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 5

Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.78, 3.81 area, Fife 3.74, 3.78 palaeo-botanical analysis, Scotstarvit, Fife 4.84–4.88 Andrew of Wyntoun (chronicler) 6.33 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.15, 9.16, 9.19, 9.20 Mains of cropmark enclosure evidence 9.45, 9.49, 9.51 Alexander I, King 4.179 Anglo-Normans Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17 Newbarns, Angus Alexander II, King 3.190, 4.234, 4.235, 4.243, 5.159, 7.95, in 3.183 Kineaross House: walled garden 8.169, 8.170 grain processing 10.108, 10.109, 10.112 7.113 medieval boundaries in Fife 4.233 Kirkton, Fife 4.77, 4.96 modern attrition 10.96 Alexander III, King 3.191, 4.235, 4.244–4.245, 5.150, 5.159, and moated sites 3.176 Leuchars area, Fife: cropmarks 3.74 Perth area crops 8.163 5.160, 7.113 see also Norman period , Dundee: Roman temporary camp 4.99, 4.100, Pictish farmstead see Easter Kinnear, Fife Alexander III, Pope 5.72 Anglo-Saxon period 1.25 4.101, 4.103, 4.105 St Monans, Fife 3.193–3.194 Alexander IV, Pope 3.193, 3.200 Anglo-Scandinavian period, jet artefacts 5.121 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 5.31, 9.35, 9.36, 9.38, St Nicholas Farm, 1.73, 5.89, 5.91, 5.93 Alexander, Derek Angus 9.52, 9.54 Scotstarvit, Fife: medieval settlement 4.84–4.85 Turin Hill survey work 5.36–5.49 medieval deanery of 6.138 Milton of Rattray cropmark site 6.9 Turin Hill, Angus: damage by 5.45 West Mains cropmark enclosure 6.19–6.25 prehistoric burials 4.31–4.66 Myrehead, Falkirk 9.30 West Grange of Conon souterrain: modern attrition 9.65, Allan Water, metalwork 7.5 prehistoric rock-carving 1.11–1.22, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.18– Newbarns cropmarks 10.95, 10.96, 10.97, 10.98, 10.100, 9.72, 9.73 Allanfearn, lithic assemblage 4.95 1.19, 5.7–5.11 10.115 see also animal husbandry; byre; byre-dwellings; cereal/ Allean Forest, Perthshire see Allt Lochan nan Losgunn Gazetteer 1.22 North Straiton, Fife: pit alignment 2.45, 2.47, 2.51 cereals; farmsteads; field systems; horticulture; land use; Allen, J Romilly 6.157, 6.166 recumbent stone circles 5.12–5.15, 5.21 Perth, Cromwellʼs 8.151 plant cultivation; rig cultivation; rig and furrow; South carved stonework 8.111 and South Aberdeenshire Field School of Archaeology 5.28– 4.249, 4.250 Leckaway (early farmhouse) cup-markings 1.11, 1.12, 1.13–1.14 5.35, 5.36, 5.46 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.89, 4.96 Aikenhatt, Angus 5.47 sculpture collection 1.1 see also individual places Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.161, 3.173 Aikenhatt church, Aberlemno, Angus 1.7–1.8, 1.8 alley, ceramic, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.134 Angus I 1.23 Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.27 Ainslie, John Allison, Simon, Dun Knock , Dunning, Perthshire: vitrified Angus and South Aberdeenshire Field School 9.15, 9.35, 9.61, Tentsmuir Forest, Fife 8.140 1775 map 2.30, 2.37, 3.68, 4.241, 5.75, 5.91, 7.49, 8.170, rocks 10.65–10.72 9.64, 9.65 Turin Hill, Angus 5.40, 5.40, 5.44 8.196 Alloa, Clackmannanshire 3.204 Angus District Museums 4.31, 4.49, 4.66 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.34, 7.38, 7.43 1794 map 9.97, 9.114, 9.115 ceramic bowl manufacture 1.42 Angus and East of Housing Association 1.28 West Mains cropmark enclosure 6.19, 6.20, 6.23, 6.24 1801 map 7.24 gold ornaments 7.5 Angus Hill, Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno 4.49 Afforestable Land Survey (ALS) 1.76, 1.85, 3.161 1801 map (updated) 3.68 socketed axeheads 7.5 animal based industry, Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.84–9.85, Agen, south-west France 5.153 1805 map 8.183 Allt aʼ Choire Chireinich, Ben 9.9 9.86 Agricola, campaigns 10.83 Ainsworth, Graciela 6.155 Allt aʼ Mhoirneas, Ben Lawers 9.8 animal bones see bone, animal Agricultural Survey of Banffshire 7.135 air raid shelters, ice houses as 10.175 Allt Coire aʼ Chonnaidh, Ben Lawers 9.8 animal damage agriculture airfield: Leuchars 8.140 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Allean Forest, Perthshire 5.106, lithic scatters 8.2 grain processing and storage, Iron Age / Roman period Airlie, Earls of 8.98 5.127–5.138 to earthworks 4.20–4.30, 4.26 10.81 David 7th Earl 9.103 House I 5.127, 5.128, 5.129, 5.129–5.131, 5.134, 5.135 Brown Caterthun, Angus 5.30, 5.32–5.33 rig and furrow 10.180 Airlie, Angus 9.65 House II 5.127–5.128, 5.128, 5.129, 5.131–5.132, 5.134 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.106, 4.107, 4.109, 4.113, 4.114, cropmark sites: attrition 5.30–5.31 burial 9.25 House III 5.128 4.116 crops and water meadows 7.136 Airlie Castle 8.98 House IV 5.128, 5.128 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.28 drainage: water pipeline in Angus watching brief 10.178, Airlie School, Angus 9.72 Kiln 2 5.128–5.129, 5.132 Dunlappie Parish Church 9.98, 9.100 10.179–10.184 Aitken, Ken 6.141, 6.143 see also byre, open-ended; kilns (corn-drying) Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.15, 9.22 irrigation and crop rotation 7.135, 7.136 Alba Archaeology Ltd 4.49 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 3.22, 5.106–5.127, 5.107– Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.35, 9.36, 9.37, 9.39, lithic scatters: modern damage 8.2 Albin of , bishop 5.148 5.109, 5.134–5.135, 5.136 9.40 pasture and water meadows 7.133, 7.134, 7.135, 7.139, Alcock, Professor Leslie, Angus rock art 1.16 House I 5.108, 5.110–5.112, 5.111, 5.126, 5.127, 5.134 Turin Hill, Angus 5.45 7.141 alcohol 4.54, 4.64 House III 5.108, 5.110, 5.112–5.113, 5.127 animal footrests 2.98–2.99 souterrain: plough damage 8.103, 8.104 , Perthshire, circular structures 5.47 House IV 5.127 animal husbandry souterrains: possible storage 9.30 alder charcoal 8.5 House VI 5.108, 5.110, 5.112 and water meadows 7.133, 7.134, 7.136, 7.139, 7.141 Neolithic crop processing 8.53, 8.61, 8.68, 8.69–8.70 Carsie Mains structures 10.9 see also kilns (corn-drying/lime-burning) poultry 8.183 Iron Age crop processing 8.60–8.61, 8.68 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.49, 8.50, 8.51 Almond, River, water supply for Perth 7.141, 7.142 18th-century improvements 3.140 medieval crop processing 4.86–4.88 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28 , Perthshire 3.23 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.104, 2.106 18th/19th-century improvements 2.106, 3.140, 3.161, 3.170, Newbarns, Angus 10.109 site 10.50 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.128, 5.129, 5.130, 4.296, 5.132, 5.134, 5.135, 8.183, 8.196, 8.197 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.95, 8.98 Food Vessels 4.76 5.131, 5.132, 5.133, 5.135 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17, 7.24 alder remains 5.104 rock-carving 1.13 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.112, 5.113, 5.126, pre-Improvement cereal rotation 6.131 Culhawk Hill ring- house, Angus 4.121 short- cemetery 3.22, 3.23, 3.24–3.33, 3.25, 3.29, 4.77 5.127, 5.135 South Leckaway 9.114 Dalgety Bay, Fife 3.17 almoneary, Arbroath Abbey 4.265, 4.270, 4.272 Culross Palace excavations 4.210, 4.213, 4.215, 4.228 and water meadows 7.133, 7.135–7.136, 7.143 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110, 3.111 amber ring, Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.88, 8.91, 8.92, Dundee 19th-century improvements in drainage 10.181 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110 8.93, 8.98 medieval period 4.182–4.183, 4.196 early 20th-century depression 10.181 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20, 7.23 Amiens see Corbie Psalter Murraygate 6.59 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.134 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno 4.54 amulet, stone 10.31, 10.32, 10.33, 10.34 Glen Fender, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.172 Ben Lawers southern slopes 9.7, 9.8 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.85, 4.86 , Perthshire see Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard Ironshill East evidence 9.31 Carse of Gowrie evolution to ʻGarden of Scotlandʼ 10.92 Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.30, 7.31 An Dun, Gairloch, Ross and Cromarty: vitrified fort 5.125 Loch Tayside 5.144 Hawkhill and Mains of Edzell: modern attrition 9.35, 9.38, Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.38 Anderson, David (Montrose vintner) 1.43 St Andrews, medieval period 3.159 9.64 Upper Kenly Farm, Fife 3.4, 3.5 Anderson, Joseph, early carved stonework 8.111 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.84 : early Neolithic community 10.91, 10.93 Aldritt, Diane M Andrew, Saint, relics 1.23, 3.194 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.170 Ironshill East evidence 9.15, 9.31 botanical samples, Kingsbarns 7.19–7.20, 7.23 Andrew Thom Joinery 8.127 see also cattle rearing; sheep rearing 6 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 7

animal iconography Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery 10.23, 10.24, 6.219, 6.220–6.221, 6.222–6.224 Auchindoir, Aberdeenshire, sculpture 9.106 early medieval 4.137 10.34, 10.49 Archerfield, 3.207, 7.29 Auchindrain, Inveraray, Argyll: Museum of Country Life 4.229 Iron Age caves 2.119 pit alignment at North Straiton, Fife 2.45, 2.51 Archibald, fourth Earl of Douglas 9.103, 9.109 Auchlishie, Angus 8.94 ʼPictish beastʼ: inscribed stonework 7.45–7.47, 7.45, 7.46 Apostles Stone, The (, Perthshire) 4.137 Archibald the Grim, later third Earl of Douglas 9.109 ring-ditch house 9.61, 10.114 Pittensorn Farm, Perthshire: sculpture 4.131–4.134, 4.136 apotropaic markings/spiritual middens see Anstruther, Fife (21 Archie, Archibald, South Leckaway 9.114 Roman finds 9.25 sculpture 4.166 Shore Street) architectural stonework Auchloy, Perthshire 6.169 Wemyss Caves carvings 8.112, 8.113 apple/pear wood remains 8.50 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.43, 6.56, 6.57 Auchrennie, Angus, ring-ditch house 9.61 animal remains 7.7–7.8 Applecross, Wester Ross ice houses 10.172 , Perthshire 6.169, 6.174, 6.180 Arbroath High Street 5.64 monastic 1.24 Roman: Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.88, 8.89, 8.92–8.93, medieval pottery 2.128 Montrose 1.40, 1.42, 1.46 sculpture 4.134, 4.138 8.97 , Angus 7.137 St Andrews (South Street) 6.118 aquamanile, , St Andrews 7.55, 7.60, 7.61 South Leckaway 18th-century farmhouse 9.115–9.121, 9.122 Auchtermuchty, Fife, Russian lead seals 6.213 see also bird bones; bone, animal; fish bones/remains; aquaria, and salt-water fish ponds 8.184, 8.187 architecture Auchtertyre, , Angus, souterrain 9.65 insect remains aquatic animals, in Pictish art 7.45–7.47, 7.45, 7.46 Palladian, Kineaross House 8.170 Augustinian Order animals, and witchcraft 9.124, 9.125, 9.127 Aquhorthies, Aberdeenshire, recumbent 5.20 see also cruck construction canonesses, Perth 6.197 Annals of Ulster 4.138, 4.140, 4.142, 6.179 , Craigend, Angus, cup-and-ring marks 1.11, 1.13, 1.13 Ardagh, County Limerick, chalice 1.23 hermitage, Grafton Regis, Northamptonshire 1.59 Annand, Janet 10.135 Arbory Hill, ring-ditch site 4.125 Ardargie, Perthshire, moated site 3.176, 3.177, 3.178, 3.178, Inchaffray Abbey 5.152, 6.174, 9.103 Annandale, Lord 8.170 Arbroath, Angus 3.180, 3.184 St Andrews 1.24, 1.25, 1.26, 3.143 Anstruther, Sir John, salt pans at St Monans, Fife 2.24 and medieval trade 1.36 Ardestie, Angus Scone Abbey 6.197 Anstruther, Sir Wyndham 8.196 Gazetteer 4.272–4.276 prehistoric pottery 8.94 in Scotland 5.159 Anstruther, Fife medieval burgh 4.260, 4.264–4.266, 4.277, 4.279–4.288, souterrain 1.15, 8.80, 9.72 Auldhill, , armlet 5.121 21 Shore Street, apotropaic markings/spiritual middens 4.280 Roman finds 9.25 aumbries 9.103, 9.106, 9.110 9.124, 9.125, 9.126, 9.127, 9.128 old town 4.260–4.277, 4.261, 4.263, 4.264, 4.265, 4.273 Ardnave, , Food Vessel 3.39, 3.40 possible: St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.80, 5.85 common coffin 4.298 ports and defences 4.270–4.271 Ardownie, Angus, souterrain 9.61, 9.69, 9.72 see also sacrament houses see also Anstruther Easter; Anstruther Wester Redware pottery 1.43, 4.177 Ardross, Fife 8.121 Austin, Andrew 7.114 Anstruther Easter, Fife topography 4.286–4.288, 4.287 medieval metalwork finds 3.188, 3.194, 3.199–3.200, 3.201 Avignon, coinage 6.55 royal burgh 7.95 Applegate 4.272, 4.281–4.282, 4.282, 4.283, 4.284, 4.285, Armadale, West Lothian, brickworks 8.175 awls Cunzie Street 3.119 4.288 armlets see bangles bronze, Almondbank, Perthshire 3.24, 3.25, 3.26, 3.31, 3.33, Tolbooth Wynd excavation 3.119–3.142, 3.120–3.123, Copegate (Cobgate) 5.50 Arncroach, Fife, milestone 6.229 4.77 3.125–3.128 Eleemosynary Street 5.50 Arnhill, Aberdeenshire, 5.20 copper-alloy 4.77, 7.31 Anstruther Wester, Fife 3.119 Frosterley marble effigy 2.99 Arran, lithics 8.5, 8.43, 8.45, 8.47 Kirkton, Fife: Bronze Age cemetery 4.70, 4.74–4.75, 4.74, royal burgh 7.95 harbour 4.267 arrowheads, barbed-and-tanged, Dairsie, Fife 4.74 4.78 fish pond at Marsfield 8.185, 8.187, 8.189 High Street 4.260, 4.262, 4.267, 4.271, 4.272–4.274, 4.275– Art-Deco, Greenʼs Playhouse, Dundee 4.182 axeheads anthropogenic activity, Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 4.276, 4.279–4.281, 4.281, 4.286, 4.288 arthritis evidence 6.81 Neolithic polished stone, Dun Knock, Perthshire 10.66 9.51, 9.53, 9.55 (Nos 77–79) 5.50–5.71, 5.51–5.58 Kirkton, Fife 4.73 Late Bronze Age socketed bronze, Dun Knock, Perthshire anti-aircraft defences, Charles Hill gun battery 3.212–3.213 Hill Place excavations 4.268, 4.272, 4.282, 4.283–4.285, Murton, , Angus 4.45 10.65 antler 4.285, 4.286, 4.286, 4.288 see also osteoarthritis socketed bronze, Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.138 Hospital of St John the Baptist 4.270, 4.272 Arthurian legends Perthshire 2.60, 2.64, 2.65, 2.66, 2.69 Arbroath High Street 5.65 Lordburn 4.272, 4.282–4.283, 4.282, 4.286 Tristram legend 4.156, 4.160, 4.161 all-over-polished flint: Bolshan Hill, Angus 5.1–5.6, 5.2, use of 2.104 Marketgate 5.50, 5.69 Vanoraʼs Grave tradition 1.2–1.3, 1.9n2 5.3 Wemyss Caves 8.111, 8.119 Marketgate/Ladybridge 1.28–1.35, 1.29–1.32, 4.260, 4.262, Arthurʼs Stone 4.161 ʼCrudwell typeʼ flint 5.3 antler objects 4.268, 4.269, 4.271, 4.274, 4.288 Arthurstone, Perthshire: grave slab 4.167, 4.168 Danish thin-butted 5.4, 5.5 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.99, 2.100 St Maryʼs Chapel 4.269, 4.271, 4.272 asbestos, Brechin, Nos 68–74 High St 10.153 iron, Dundee (Murraygate) 6.43, 6.45, 6.53, 6.54, 6.55, post-medieval dress accessories 2.52, 2.53, 2.54 St Michaelʼs Chapel 4.270, 4.272 ash pits 6.116, 6.133 6.67 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.64–1.66, 1.65, 1.67 St Ninianʼs Chapel 4.269, 4.270 Ashgrove, Fife ʻjadeiteʼ 5.4, 5.5 see also buttons 6.211 cist burials 3.19, 3.20 axes antler-working Arbroath, Declaration of 4.266 pollen analysis 4.54, 4.64, 4.65 Arreton type, Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Angus 4.34, 4.63 Constantineʼs Cave 2.119 Arbroath Abbey 1.28, 4.181, 4.234, 4.266–4.267, 4.271, 4.272, ashlar post roof, Brechin, Nos 68–74 High Street 10.154, from Perth 7.8 medieval Perth 9.84, 9.86 4.275, 4.277, 4.278, 5.50, 6.138 10.155, 10.159 early Neolithic communities 10.91 Antonine period 8.80, 8.97, 10.81 abbotʼs residence 2.109, 4.266 ashlar stone, Brechin, Nos 68–74 High Street (timber roof) Early Bronze Age, Inchtuthil, Perthshire 10.54, 10.55–10.57, Antoninus, Emperor, coins 3.63 almoneary 4.265, 4.270, 4.272 10.153 10.56 Antwerp, Belgium foundation 4.262, 4.264, 4.269 Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, Russian lead seals 6.211 Bronze Age Cathedral of Our Lady 4.297, 7.123 Arbroath ʻsmokieʼ 6.61 astronomy, recumbent stone circles 5.12, 5.16–5.17, 5.18–5.19 Dunottar type 10.55 St Paulʼs Church 4.292 Arbuthnot, James, druggist 8.183 Athol, Duke of 7.136 flat axes 10.56 Vleehuis Museum 6.197 Arbuthnott Group (Dundee Formation), Kinnettles/Forfar 9.113, Atholl, Earl of see Stewart, Walter Migdale 10.55, 10.56 anvil 9.121 Atholl, Perthshire 4.138, 4.142 flanged possible archaeoastronomical evidence 5.14–5.15, 5.21 and nn Atkinson, John Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Angus 4.34, 4.63 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.58 Archaeological Projects Glasgow (APG) 3.63, 3.65, 8.119, Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.133–5.134 Middle Bronze Age Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.10 8.120 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.126–5.127 Ballinbreich Castle 3.190 AOC Archaeology see also GUARD Atlas Brickworks, Armadale 8.175 Kinnoull, Perth 3.58–3.59, 3.58, 3.60 Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house, Angus 4.106, 4.116, 4.128 Archangel, Russia, lead seals from 6.211, 6.212, 6.213–6.217, Auchenlaich, Stirlingshire 8.16 flat, bronze 3.55–3.57, 3.56 Elie Granary timbers 8.191, 8.195 Migdale tradition 3.55 8 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 9

socketed 7.7, 7.10, 7.12 Balgrummo, Fife, cropmark and standing stone 10.23 lithics 8.49 Barns of Wedderburn, near Dundee, Angus, circular dovecot from Forth Valley 7.5, 7.7 Balhall, Brechin, Angus, cup-marked stone 1.14 pit-defined 6.15 10.150 from Tay area 7.8 Balhomie (Balholmie) House, near Cargill, symbol stone 4.137, spearhead 7.5 Barnyards, Tannadice, Angus 4.32, 4.45–4.47, 4.46, 4.61, 4.62, stone 8.47, 10.91 4.138 see also Cowie Road 4.64 Aycliffe, Co. Durham, sculpture at 6.164 Balhungie, , Angus 4.32, 4.39, 4.41–4.43, 4.42, 4.45, Bannockburn fort and homestead 9.24, 9.29–9.30 Barra Hill hillfort, Aberdeenshire 9.60 Ayr 4.62–4.63 Bantry Bay, Ireland, salt-water fish ponds 8.186 barrel, wooden, Culross Palace, Fife 4.217, 4.218, 4.229 Cromwellian citadel 8.145, 8.153 Ballangrew, Port of Menteith, Stirlingshire, moated site 3.180 bar brooches see under brooches barrows fishing industry 6.130 Ballendrick, Perthshire, lithic scatter 8.1, 8.2, 8.8, 8.9 Barbauchlaw Brickworks, Armadale 8.175 Culhawk Hill, Angus, possible 4.107 gritty wares 2.128 Ballinbreich, Fife, Russian lead seals 6.213 Barbush, Dunblane, Perthshire, cereal drying kiln 4.89 Dalladies, Angus 8.16 medieval burgh: wind-blown sand 1.46 Ballinbreich Castle, Fife 5.97 Barclay, Gordon J Easter Kinnear, Fife, possible 3.77, 3.79, 3.82 New Bridge Street (No. 12) 8.159 medieval metalwork finds 3.188, 3.190, 3.195, 3.196–3.197, Allt na Moine Buidhe and Allt Lochan nan Losgunn 5.106, Fordhouse 4.27, 8.43 St Johnʼs Tower 5.85 3.199, 3.200–3.202 5.127–5.132 Kirkton, Fife 4.69, 4.77 Saintonge-type pottery 5.98 Roman Iron Age finds 2.113, 2.115, 2.117 burial and ceremonial centres of Bronze Age in Tayside North Mains, Strathallan 4.25 Ballinloan Bridge, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.22–3.54 Redcastle, Angus, square barrow cemetery 5.30, 5.32 b 3.169 Carsie Mains: rectilinear timber structure and post-ring 10.1– West Scryne, Angus 4.57 Badentarbat, Achiltibuie, Wester Ross 5.143 Ballinloan Burn, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.164, 3.164, 3.168– 10.22 see also long barrows; round barrows; square barrows Bagie, Fife, salt pans 2.24 3.170, 3.168, 3.172 Croft Moraig stone circle 6.1–6.7 Barry, Angus 4.235 Bagimondʼs Roll 5.72, 6.138 Ballineareigh, Glen Fender, Perthshire 3.164, 3.171, 3.172 lithic scatters, Perthshire 8.1–8.9 Barry Hill, near Meigle: Arthurian legend 1.2 Baird Monument () 6.176 Ballinshoe, Angus, tower 9.122 medieval or later rural settlement (MOLRS) 5.135–5.136 Bartney, Rev Mr Patrick 5.23, 5.27 bakehouse, possible: St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.58–1.59 Balliol, John recumbent stone circles in Kincardine and Angus 5.12–5.22 basalt/andesite 10.68–10.69, 10.69 Baker, Louise M, Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.49–7.86 see John Balliol Upper Gothens early medieval enclosure 7.34–7.44 Bass Rock 3.139 Balbirnie, Fife Balloch, near Shanzie, Perthshire 8.80 Barford Hall, Warwickshire: ice house 10.175 beads prehistoric site 4.77, 10.23 Balloch Hill, Argyll 4.117 Bark Cave, East Wemyss 8.121 barrel-shaped, Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Angus 4.33, ceremonial monument 6.2 Balmalcolm Farm, Fife 4.77 see also Court Cave 4.34, 4.35, 4.37 coal mining 3.205 , Fife, Russian lead seals 6.213 Barker, Sheila, Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard 2.60 blue, Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.131 coal to Cupar 2.27, 2.28 Balmerino Abbey, Fife 3.76 Barker, Tom, Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard 2.60 disc Food Vessel 3.4 abbotʼs house 2.109 barley 6.63, 6.66, 6.67, 6.111, 6.131, 10.113 Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.28, 3.29, 3.30, 3.32 Balblair, -shire, Beakers 4.25 foundation 3.112 trade in 5.160 Culduthel, Inverness 3.31 Balbridie, Aberdeenshire 7.23, 8.47, 8.61, 8.73, 10.89 headstud brooch 2.116, 2.117 Abernethy School 10.75, 10.79, 10.80 dimensions from various sites 3.32 Neolithic plant remains 10.17, 10.89 medieval metalwork finds 3.188, 3.190–3.191, 3.202 Arbroath High Street 5.56, 5.66 disc-and-fusiform 3.32, 3.33 Neolithic structure 10.19, 10.115 and Wester Kinnear, Fife 4.234, 4.235, 4.236, 4.237, 4.239, Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.56, 7.77, 7.78, 7.79, 7.81 faience 10.34 Balcalk, Tealing, Angus, Food Vessel 3.31 4.239, 4.241–4.245, 4.247 carbonised, Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.87, 8.95, 8.97 fossil crinoid, Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery Balchrystie, Fife Balmullo, Fife Carsie Mains 10.9, 10.17 10.25, 10.32, 10.33–10.34, 10.33 medieval pottery 2.88, 2.128 Fife water pipeline 4.67, 4.68, 4.69 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.117 fusiform possible pottery kiln site 4.84, 5.97, 7.97 medieval metalwork finds 3.188, 3.191, 3.195, 3.198 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.52, 8.53, 8.60, 8.61, 8.68 (?)jet, Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery 10.23, Bald, Robert Balmullo to Tarvit water pipeline, Fife 7.27–7.33, 7.28 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.108, 3.109, 3.110, 3.111, 3.114 10.30, 10.32, 10.34, 10.48 mining engineer 3.204–3.206 Balnaguard, Perthshire, excavation 3.24 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.185, 4.198, 4.199 Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.28–3.29, 3.30, 3.32 Report on Preston Island 2.1, 2.8, 2.13, 2.22, 2.24, 2.25 Balneaves, Angus 5.30, 5.33 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110 glass Baldardo, Angus 5.43 Bronze Age cemetery 10.47, 10.50 Inchture 10.89 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.120, 5.121 Baldridge colliery, Fife 3.204 ceremonial monument 6.2 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28, 9.31 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.104–3.105 Baldutho Craig, Fife 3.6 Balneaves Cottage 6.15 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.23 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.90, 8.91, 8.97 , Fife 7.32 Balquidder, Perthshire 6.169 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.48, 9.49 White Church, Comrie 7.124, 7.126–7.127 cist 3.32 Balrownie, Angus, lithic assemblage 4.74 Newbarns 10.105, 10.107, 10.109, 10.110 shale, Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.120, 5.121 Food Vessel 3.10 Balstard Farm, Kinnordy Estate, Angus 4.106 Salvation Army Citadel, South Street, Perth 9.85 translucent 5.47 4.67, 6.2, 6.4, 6.6, 8.48 Baltic Scotstarvit, Fife 4.84, 4.85, 4.87, 4.88, 4.89 Beaker burial, Dalladies, Edzell: long barrow 3.33 late Neolithic enclosure 10.19, 10.20, 10.23, 10.115 Forth salt exports to 2.23 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.98 Beakers 3.4 prehistoric burial grounds 4.77 medieval trade 2.43, 4.268, 6.194, 6.195, 6.201, 6.203, Westhaugh of Tulliemet 3.39 Neolithic Funnel-necked 5.4 Balfarg Riding School, Fife 10.50 6.204, 6.205, 6.206, 6.221 barley (bere) 6.131 Broomend of Crichie, Aberdeenshire 2.66, 3.44 ceremonial monument 6.2 trade in timber 8.195, 8.196, 8.197 cultivation 8.163 East Yorkshire burials 4.63 rectilinear structure 10.17, 10.18, 10.19, 10.20 Balvarran, Perthshire, cup-marks 3.55 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.111 Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.25, 4.28 Balfour Paul, J (Lyon King of Arms) 4.150, 4.156 Banagher, Co. Offaly, sculpture 4.134 Perth area 8.163 White , Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.44–3.46, 3.47, 3.165 Balfours of Fife 3.64 Banff, Redware pottery 4.176 barley pollen, Upper Kenly Farm, Fife 3.4, 3.5 Bean, Saint 6.174, 6.176 Balfron, Stirlingshire, quern 5.44 bangles, shale barmkin/enclosure wall, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.84–2.85 Beaton, Cardinal David 4.270 Balgavies, Angus 4.32 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.113, 5.116, 5.120, 5.121, Barns of Airlie, Angus, souterrain 1.13, 1.14–1.15, 1.16, 8.104, family of 10.136 Heneary collections 8.43 5.126 8.108, 9.65 and Melgund Castle 10.135–10.136, 10.137, 10.138, 10.149 Balgavies Loch, Angus 4.56, 5.47 Pickletillem, Fife 3.63 Barns Farm, Dalgety Bay, Fife Beaton family 4.266 Balgay, Newport-on-Tay, Fife, jet necklace 3.102 Banks, Ian, Forgan smithy 4.93–4.96 cairn 3.19 Beattock, Dumfries and Galloway 4.91 Balgonie, Fife, coal to Cupar 2.27, 2.28 Bannatyne Club 4.232 cists 4.62, 4.63, 4.70, 4.71, 4.77, 4.78, 10.49 Beaumont family 5.148, 7.113 Balgonie Castle, clay pipes 10.148 Bannockburn, Stirlingshire Food Vessel 3.39 Beckton Farm, Dumfries and Galloway 8.70 Balgonie Ironworks, Fife 3.204 enclosure 8.16, 8.17 lithic assemblage 4.74 bedrock carving, Angus 1.16 Beech Hill House, Perthshire 3.19 10 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 11

Food Vessel 3.39 water meadow 7.133, 7.134, 7.141–7.143, 7.142, 7.143 partridges 2.104 Blind Harry, The Wallace (poem) 3.180 beer bottles, Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.161 Berwick-on-Tweed red grouse 4.185, 4.194 Blubberhouses Moor, Yorkshire, Mesolithic structure 4.12 beetles 7.20, 7.58, 7.75, 7.76 and Edward I 9.97 seabirds 7.72 Boarhills, Fife 7.131, 8.127 Belarus 6.194 medieval pottery imports 5.97 turkeys 3.138, 3.139, 3.140, 4.194 boat, medieval, St John Street, Perth 4.157 Belfast mint 3.193 waders 2.104, 4.194 Boat Wood, Strowan, Perthshire 6.173 Queenʼs University 6.204 Bessie Bar Hall, Culross, Fife 4.202, 4.203, 4.204, 4.205, 4.206, bird migrations, 4.17 Boece, Scotorum Historiae 6.71 Ulster Museum 3.59, 6.211 4.207, 4.219–4.222, 4.219, 4.220, 4.221, 4.222, 4.226, Birka, 5.121 Bogdan, Nicholas Q, appreciation 9.1 Bell, Alexander, and tile manufacture 4.174 4.229–4.230, 4.231 Birkhill, Stirlingshire, flint knife with Food Vessel 3.44 Boggeyhollow, Cragganester, Loch Tay 5.144 Bell, Hay, Cupar brickworks 2.27 Bethune of Kilconquhar, Mr 7.136 Birmingham 8.156 Boghead, Bell, John, 1796 map 8.170 Beveridge, Erskine, on gravestones 7.129, 7.131 mother-of-pearl buttons 2.55 Neolithic plant remains 10.17 Bell, Robert, Cupar brickworks 2.27 Bewcastle, Northumberland, Food Vessels 10.40 Birnam, Perthshire 4.137, 4.138, 4.140 prehistoric site 8.41, 8.61 Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, , Angus 4.32–4.38, 4.62, Bibles, in ʻspiritual middensʼ 9.127 Birnie, Moray, horse equipment 8.93 boiler pit, St Andrews (South Street) 6.118, 6.125 4.63, 4.66 Biggar Common, Clydesdale, S Lanarkshire, pottery 8.39, 8.41 Black, Capt. James 8.185–8.186, 8.187 Bolsay Farm, Islay, lithic assemblage 4.14 bell pits Billingsgate, , mirror-case 4.152, 4.154, 4.158 Black Cairn fort 4.146 Bolshan Hill, Montrose, Angus, polished flint axe-head 5.1–5.6, Blair Mill, Fife 1.78 Binning, Abbot 9.109 black cattle 5.131 5.2, 5.3 in Fife 1.78, 1.85 bioturbation, Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.115–4.116 Black Death, and Perth 9.86 Bombie, Kirkcudbrightshire, moated site 3.182 Lochore Country Park, Harran Hill, Fife 1.78 birch charcoal Black Loch, Fife bone, animal 3.182 Belliston Farm, Fife, short-cist 3.1, 3.2, 3.5–3.10, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, Carsie Mains structures 10.9, 10.14, 10.17 pollen analysis 3.113 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.76, 2.78, 2.80,ʼ2.83, 2.84, 3.19, 3.21 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.49, 8.50, 8.51, 8.68 woodland history 3.111 2.99, 2.100, 2.103–2.106 bells Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28 black rat 7.73 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.133 and Saintsʼ relics 6.177–6.178 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.40–9.41, 9.48 Blackadder, W 9.114 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.126 White Church, Comrie 7.119 Newbarns, Angus 10.109, 10.113 Blacketyside, cropmark 10.23 Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.26, 3.27 see also handbell; St Fillanʼs Bell; St Ronanʼs Bell Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.95, 8.98 Blackford, Perthshire 6.169 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.125, 3.126, 3.137–3.141 Belmont, Kent 10.175 birch remains Blackfriars of St Andrews, St Nicholasʼ leper hospital 1.48, 1.51 Arbroath High Street 5.56, 5.64–5.66 belt fittings Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard 2.62, 2.65 Blackgate, Angus, cup-and-ring marks 1.13, 1.15 Crail 7.108 Ceres, Fife 3.193, 3.198 Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house, Angus 4.121 Blackhill House, Caputh 4.138 Dalgety Bay, Fife 3.13, 3.14 copper-alloy Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.109, 3.110, 3.111 Blackhill Wood, Ardoch, Perth and Kineaross 9.35 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.49 Ballinbreich Castle, Fife 3.190 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110 blacksmithing, Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.86, 8.88, 8.92 mammal tooth 8.19, 8.49 Balmullo, Fife 3.191, 3.198 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno 4.54 blackthorn remains, Kingsbarns, Fife 7.23 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.83–6.84 Cupar, Fife 3.192, 3.197, 3.198 Newbarns, Angus 10.101–10.102 blades Dundee (Murraygate) 6.58–6.60, 6.67 east Fife metalwork finds 3.197, 3.198–3.199 bird bones 3.182 flint East Campsie cist 4.54, 4.63 Lindores Abbey, Fife 3.189 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.104 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.1, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.105 Newburgh, Fife 3.198 Anstruther Easter, Fifeʼ3.138, 3.139, 3.140, 3.141 4.10, 4.11, 4.13, 4.14 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.179, 4.182, belt-buckles Arbroath High Street 5.64, 5.65–5.66 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.45, 8.46, 8.47, 8.48, 8.70 4.184, 4.185, 4.193–4.198 iron 2.80 Dundee Forgan smithy, Fife 4.94–4.95 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.105 Upper Gothens, Perthshire see buckle Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate 4.185, 4.193, 4.194, 4.198 Mesolithic sites 4.15 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure, herbivore teeth 9.19, 9.31 Ben Lawers 5.142, 5.143 Murraygate 6.58 Morton, Fife 4.14 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.26 Prehistoric rock carvings 9.6, 9.7–9.13 Montrose, Star Garage 1.44 Nethermuir 8.6, 8.7, 8.8 Kinkell Cave 2.119 Ben Lawers Nature Trail, Loch Tay, shieling 5.134 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.101, 6.102 Upper Gothens 8.4 Montrose 1.40, 1.42 Benarty, Fife, open-cast mining 1.84 St Andrews iron 6.123 Star Garage 1.44–1.45, 1.45 Bendochy, Perthshire, sculpture 9.106 Byre Theatre 7.72 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.98, 3.104 Muirhall Farm short-cist 3.43 Benedict, Saint, rule of 2.109 Church of the Holy Trinity 3.156 sickles Perth Benedictine Order, in Dunfermline 2.72 St Nicholas Farm 1.67, 1.70 Allt na Moine Buidhe 5.117, 5.118 Cromwellʼs citadel 8.154, 8.161, 8.165 Bennybeg, Perthshire South Street 6.127 Forgan, Fife 4.93 High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.89, 6.95, 6.101– cropmark enclosure 8.16 corvid species 5.65–5.66 Blaeberry, Perthshire see Duncrub 6.105 pit-defined cursus 6.12, 6.14, 6.15 crows 5.65 Blaeuʼs maps Salvation Army Citadel 9.84–9.85 Bents, The: farmsteading, Letham, Angus 5.7 curlews 3.138, 3.139 3.68, 5.75, 7.24 Ruthven souterrain 5.23 Benvie, Rachel 4.49, 5.1 as decoy for evil spirits 9.124, 9.127 Blair Castle 6.176 St Andrews Benvie, Angus, sculpture at 6.164 domestic fowl 1.44, 1.67, 1.70, 2.104, 3.138, 3.139, 3.140, Blair Castle museum 3.34, 3.37, 3.40 Byre Theatre 7.53, 7.55, 7.58, 7.71–7.73 bere barley see barley (bere) 3.156, 4.194, 4.198, 5.65, 6.58, 6.102, 6.127, 7.53, 7.55, Blair Drummond Moss, Perthshire, metalwork 7.5 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity 3.156–3.157, 3.159 Bergen, Norway 5.151, 5.159, 5.160 7.81 Blair Mill, Fife, bell pits 1.78 St Nicholas Farm 1.52, 1.55, 1.58, 1.64, 1.67–1.73, 5.90, bronze seal matrix 4.157 doves/pigeons 3.138, 3.139 Blairadam, Fife, brick and tile works 1.83 5.91, 5.93, 5.95, 5.96, 5.97, 5.102–5.103 Bergen Cathedral, Norway, seal 5.157, 5.159, 5.160 ducks 2.104, 3.138, 3.139, 6.102 Blairadam Bridge, Fife, old coal workings 1.78 South Street 6.126–6.128, 6.133 Bergen op Zoom, Netherlands, pottery kilns 5.98 gannets 3.138, 3.139, 3.140, 3.141 Blairhall, Scone 6.15 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76, 5.84–5.85 Bernard, chancellor of Scotland 4.266 geese 2.104, 3.138, 3.139, 3.156, 4.194, 6.58 Blairhall Burn, Dumfriesshire, Neolithic pottery 8.41 Wemyss Caves 8.111, 8.112, 8.113, 8.114, 8.117, 8.118, Bernham, David de see de Bernham grey partridges 4.185, 4.194 Blane, Saint 6.174, 6.180 8.119, 8.120 Berrymoss racecourse, Kelso, Roxburghshire: stand 5.163 Greylag geese 5.65, 6.58, 6.127 Blarmore farmstead, Perthshire 9.8 abnormal bones 1.72, 6.104 Berrymuirhead, Angus, disused quarry 9.117 guillemots 3.138, 3.139, 3.141 Blaw, Robert, Culross, Fife 4.228–4.229 age at death 6.102, 6.104, 6.127 Bertha, Perthshire gulls 2.104, 3.138, 3.139, 3.141, 4.194 Bleasdale Circle, Yorkshire 6.2 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.104 glass bead 5.121 jackdaws 5.65 Blenheim Palace, Oxfordshire 8.172 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.139–3.140 mallard 6.102 12 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 13

Arbroath High Street 5.65 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno, Angus 4.43, 4.51–4.52 Byre Theatre 7.63, 7.64, 7.65 bracelets Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.195 Meikle Kenny, Kingoldrum, Angus: cist 4.40, 4.41 St Nicholas Farm 1.64–1.66, 1.65 Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Angus 4.34, 4.35, 4.35, 4.36, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.70–1.71 Montrose (Wishart Avenue) 6.27–6.28 South Street 6.125 4.62, 4.63, 4.66 as decoy for witches 9.124, 9.127 Muirhall Farm short-cist 3.43 Wemyss Caves 8.121 Hurly Hawkin 9.25 butchery 6.103–6.104 Murton, Forfar, Angus: cist 4.44, 4.45 gaming boards 4.145 Brackmont Farm, Fife 8.140 carcass analysis 1.71, 6.103 Myreside, Forfar, Angus 4.48 post-medieval dress accessories 2.52, 2.53, 2.54 Brackmont Hill, Fife 7.29 methods and measurement 4.193, 6.126 Newhouse of , Angus 4.45 see also buttons; dies; discs; ear scoops; handles; knives Brackmont Mill, Fife number by phase 2.105 Noranbank, Tannadice, Angus 4.38 (handles); mirror-cases; needle/pin; pendants; toggles/ lithic assemblage 4.74 percentages of food-forming 2.105, 3.139, 4.195 and Tannadice Parish Church excavation 10.119, buzzbones Neolithic pottery 8.41 relative frequencies 1.67–1.70, 3.138–3.139, 6.102–6.103 10.121, 10.123, 10.125, 10.126, 10.131 bone working Bracobrae, Grange, Errol, Bronze Age axe 10.56 size of animals 6.104, 6.105 Pitlessie, Fife 4.77 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.132, 3.133 Bradley, Richard 6.4 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.140 St Andrews High Street, Perth 4.157 fieldwalking 8.1 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.195–4.196, cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity 3.145, 3.146, Kinkell Cave 2.119 Bradyston, Little Dunkeld, Perthshire 4.139, 4.141 4.197–4.198 3.154–3.155, 3.156, 3.159 Bonthrone, William, Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.112, 7.115, 7.116, Braefoot Bay, of Forth 3.214 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.67, 1.72 St Nicholas Farm 1.52, 1.55, 1.58, 1.59, 1.73–1.74, 5.96 7.117 Braehead, recumbent stone circle 5.20 see also bird bones; butchery; fish bones/remains; pathology St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75, 5.76, 5.81, 5.82, 5.84– Book of Kells 4.134, 4.136, 4.141, 6.163, 6.166 Braighe, Lewis, mass grave 2.43 bone, burnt/cremated 5.85 Bordesley Abbey, Worcestershire 7.68 bread wheat Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.116 St Michaelʼs parish church of Tarvit, Cuparʼ3.192 Borness Cave, Kirkcudbrightshire, Roman finds 2.119 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.77 Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.24 sword find from Forth 7.1–7.2, 7.3, 7.5, 7.7, 7.8 Boswell, George, Treatise on Watering Meadows 7.133, 7.134 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.53, 8.60, 8.61 Carse Farm 1 excavation 3.49 Tanglehaʼ, Kincardineshire inhumationʼ2.42–2.44 Botesdale, Suffolk, axe-heads 5.3 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17, 7.20, 7.23 , Kinnettles, Angus 4.39, 4.63 Wemyss Caves 8.120–8.121 bothy, South Leckaway early farmhouse 9.113, 9.122, 9.123 Breadalbane, officiary of Crannich 5.143–5.144 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.29, 8.49 West Grange of Conon souterrain 9.72 bottles, glass 6.57, 6.83, 6.118, 6.123, 6.124, 6.125 Breadalbane Archaeological Society 3.42, 5.110, 5.132 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.105 West Scryne, Angus 4.58 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.100–2.101 Breadalbane estate 9.7 Farleyer cist, Perthshire 3.42, 3.43 Westhaugh of Tulliemet cists 3.34, 3.35, 3.36–3.37 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshireʼ5.130, 5.131 Brechin, Angus 4.271, 8.197 Hawkhill cropmark enclosure 9.59 in wet locations 7.7, 7.8 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.112, 5.122, 5.123 Nos 68–74 High Street Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.19, 9.21 White Church, Comrie 7.119, 7.120–7.121, 7.122, 7.127, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.128, 3.132, 3.134 crow steps 10.153 Kirkton, Fife 4.70 7.128 Arbroath 4.282 date-stone lintel 10.152, 10.153, 10.163 Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.23, 4.25 age at death High Street 5.62, 5.64 documentary records 10.163–10.164, 10.165 Meikle Kenny, Kingoldrum, Angus 4.40, 4.41, 4.63 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.154, Marketgate/Ladybridge 1.33 early timber-frame roof 10.152–10.165, 10.154, 10.157 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.80, 4.88, 4.89 3.155 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.155 construction 10.162, 10.164 Shanzie Farm souterrain 8.84, 8.86 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.78 Culross Palace, Fife 4.216, 4.224–4.225, 4.225, 4.226 House 1 10.155, 10.156, 10.162, 10.164 Westhaugh of Tulliemet cists 3.35, 3.36, 3.37 Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery 10.25, 10.28, Forgan, Fife 4.94 House 2 10.155, 10.156, 10.158, 10.159, 10.161, bone fragments 10.41, 10.42–10.43, 10.44, 10.50 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.192–4.193 10.162, 10.163–10.164 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.88 ageing analysis, Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery St Andrews stonework 10.153 Crail 7.107 10.30 Byre Theatre 7.67 Burgh Register of Sasines 10.163 bone, human child mortality 3.154, 3.155, 3.159 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity 3.158 early medieval ecclesiastical community 1.7 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.73 cremated St Christopherʼs Parish Church, Cupar 5.84 Gairdnerʼs Land 10.163, 10.164 Almondbank, Perthshire 3.24, 3.26, 3.27–3.28, 3.30, 4.76 Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery 10.44–10.45 see also beer bottles; wine bottles Hospital of 10.163 Arbroath Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.27, 7.30–7.31 boundaries, medieval, Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee medieval diocese of 6.138 High Street 4.279 Inventory and preservation, Holly Road, Leven: Bronze 4.185, 4.186, 4.200 and medieval trade 1.36, 4.181 Hospital of St John the Baptist 4.270 Age cemetery 10.41 boundary charters, Wester Kinnear, Fife 4.232, 4.233, 4.236, Montrose lays waste to 10.164 Balhungie, Monikie, Angus 4.42 non-metric traits, Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery 4.237–4.245, 4.247 ʻPictaviaʼ development 5.32 Barnyards, Tannadice, Angus 4.46–4.47 10.30, 10.31, 10.41, 10.42 boundary ditch, medieval, Arbroath 4.274 Presbytery of 6.139 Crail, possible nunnery 7.105 sex assessment, Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery bow, Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.70–7.71, 7.70, 7.82 Redware pottery 4.177 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.154, 8.161–8.162, 8.165 10.30, 10.41, 10.44 bowl furnaces, Scotstarvit, Fife 4.83, 4.84, 4.88, 4.89 sculpture at 6.168 Dalgety Bay, Fife sex structure 3.154–3.155, 6.78 Bowler, David taxation 4.265 amputation 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.19–3.20, 3.21 stature and body build 3.155, 3.159, 6.78–6.79 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.125–8.137 6.28, 6.138, 9.103, 10.153, 10.163, 10.164 short-cists 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15, 3.17, 3.18, stature estimation, Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery Edzell Old Church, Angus 6.141, 6.147–6.150 Brenich, dun of, Loch Tummel 5.126 3.18, 3.19, 3.21 10.41, 10.44 bowls Breuil, Abbé 4.150 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.71, 6.77–6.81, see also burials; pathology bronze, Kirkhill, St Andrews: shrine 1.23 brewing 4.89 6.84 bone objects pottery 1.60, 2.31, 2.32, 2.33, 2.34, 2.35, 2.37–2.38, 2.38, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.135, 3.141 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.127–8.128, 8.129, 8.131, 8.132 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.76, 2.95, 2.99–2.100 4.52 Arbroath 4.268 Dunlappie Parish Church churchyard 9.98–9.100 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.132, 3.133 wooden 3.182 possible (St Andrews, South Street) 6.116, 6.133 East Campsie cist 4.54 Constantineʼs Cave 8.114 box, stone, Kirkton Bronze Age cemetery 4.78 brick and tile industry Edzell Old Church, Angus 6.150 Forrer Casket, Loomis 4.154 Boyack Homes of Kirkcaldy 10.23 Carse of Gowrie 4.173–4.174 Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery 10.23, 10.24, Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.192 Boyle, Mary 4.150 Cupar, Fife 2.27–2.29, 2.30, 2.34–2.37, 2.39, 2.40, 2.41 10.25, 10.28, 10.29, 10.31, 10.32, 10.40–10.46, 10.49 Ironshill East 9.15 , Angus 5.33 Fife 1.83–1.84 Kingsbarns, Fife, short cist 7.18–7.19, 7.20, 7.24 Perth Braan, River 3.161 brick-making industry, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.141 Kinnoull Graveyard, Perth 4.289 High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.100 Braby, Alan, illustrations: Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard, 6.125 Kirkton, Fife: Bronze Age cemetery 4.70, 4.71–4.73, 4.78 Salvation Army Citadel 9.79, 9.83, 9.84 Perthshire 2.61, 2.62 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.85, 2.102 Mains of Balgavies, Angus: cist 4.56–4.57 St Andrews Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.128, 3.135 14 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 15

fire bricks, Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.125 timber ring: North Mains of Strathallan 10.115 Broomend of Crichie, Aberdeenshire, Early Bronze Age beaker east Fife medieval finds 3.195–3.197, 3.196 in ice houses 10.173, 10.174, 10.175 White Cairn, Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.165 2.66, 3.44 Lindores Abbey, Fife 3.189, 3.195, 3.196, 3.197 possible kiln furniture, Dundee, Overgate 9.92 see also axes (Inchtuthil, Perthshire); Belliston Farm, Fife; Brophy, Kenneth St Fillanʼs Church, Forgan 3.191, 3.195, 3.196, 3.196 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.66 Dalgety Bay, Fife; Holly Road, Leven, Fife (early Bronze Carsie Mains: rectilinear timber structure and post-ring 10.1– iron 3.195 see also kilns Age cemetery); Upper Kenly Farm, Fife 10.22 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.79,ʼ2.91,ʼ2.94 brickworks Bronze Age, Middle Milton of Rattray cropmark site 6.9–6.17 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.118 Armadale area 8.175 Ballinbreich Castle: flanged axe 3.190 Brora, Sutherland, axehead find spot 5.3 east Fife medieval metalwork finds 3.195 Errol, Perthshire 2.127 Kinnoull, Perth: flanged axe 3.58–3.59, 3.58, 3.60 Brothock Water, Arbroath 1.33, 4.260, 4.267, 4.269, 4.271, lead alloy, east Fife medieval metalwork finds 3.195 bridge, 18th-century, Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17, 7.22, 7.24 metalwork 7.5, 7.8 4.279, 4.283, 4.286 tin alloy, east Fife medieval metalwork finds—3.195 Bridge of Allan 7.12 Bronze Age, Late 9.24, 9.30, 10.92 Broun family, lands of Leckaway, Angus 9.114 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.38, 7.40–7.41, 7.40, 7.43 Bridge Hill, Cupar, Fife 2.30 Deerʼs Den, Aberds, ring-ditch house 10.114 Brown, Graeme Buckquoy, , Pictish house 3.115 brick manufacture 2.27, 2.34–2.37 Kinnoull, Perth: socketed gouge 3.58, 3.59–3.60, 3.60 Dundee, City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.71–6.86 Buddon Burn, Angus 4.41 Bridgeton Hill, south Kincardineshire, cairn 5.16, 5.17 logboat at Carpow 10.58, 10.59–10.63 Dunlappie Parish Church, Edzell 9.97–9.102 building materials Brigit, Saint 6.174 metalwork from rivers 7.1–7.15, 7.6 Murraygate (Nos 72–8) 6.37–6.49 Arbroath High Street 5.61 Briglands, Kineaross-shire, gold ornaments 7.5 sword deposits 2.118 Brown, George, St Andrews University Works Department 3.1 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.81, 7.88, 7.89 Brigton estate, Angus 9.114 see also Corrymuckloch hoard, Amulree Brown Caterthun, Angus 9.36, 9.49, 9.54, 9.60, 9.61 Dunino church, Fife 8.134, 8.135 Brigton (Kirkton), Angus, moated site 3.176, 3.178, 3.182, 3.184 Bronze Age, Late / Early Iron Age, Tarvit to Balmullo water excavations 5.30, 5.32–5.33, 5.35 ice houses 10.175 Brioc, Saint 6.27 pipeline 7.27, 7.31 hillfort 5.46 ceramic Bristol City Museum, Russian lead seals 6.211 Bronze Age, Late/Iron Age, Abernethy School features 10.80 brown rat 7.73 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.102 Britford, Wiltshire 7.134 Bronze Age/Iron Age, Abernethy stone features 10.75 Browne, M A E 4.137 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.135 British Geological Survey bronze objects Broxmouth, E Lothian Arbroath High Street 5.63 Culross Palace 4.205 cast-bronze handbell, Little Dunkeld Church 4.138 cemetery 7.20 Culross Palace, Fife 4.226 pottery investigations 4.170, 4.176 Ceres, Fife, crucifix 3.193 Prehistoric pottery 9.44 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75 British Museum 4.150 Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard 2.60–2.69 ring-ditch house 4.125 peat and heathland materials for 4.85 brochs finds 6.175 Bruce, Alexander, of Culross, Fife 4.202 stone dating 5.47 Kinkell Cave, jug handle 2.119 Bruce, Sir George 2.3 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.76, 2.97–2.98, 2.108 Craighill, Angus 5.43 Kirkhill, St Andrews: shrine 1.23 coal and salt works 8.184 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.132, 3.133 Hurly Hawkin, Angus 5.43, 8.98 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.90, 5.94 and Culross Palace 4.202, 4.205, 4.227, 4.228 Arbroath High Street 5.62, 5.63 Kettleburn, 8.93 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.90, 8.91, 8.93, 8.94 Bruce, John (son of Sir William) 8.170 medieval St Andrews 3.148 Laws Hill, Angus 5.43 see also awls; axeheads; axes; bowls; buckets; cauldrons; Bruce, Dr Margaret Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.130 Little Dunsinane 5.43 cups; daggers; ewer; pins; seal matrices; seals; swords skeletal remains and Prehistoric carved rocks 9.8–9.9 Broich, Perthshire, water meadow 7.134, 7.136–7.137 bronze-working 3.57, 4.172 Angus cists 4.49 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75, 5.82 Bronze Age 8.93, 8.95 brooches Dalgety Bay, Fife 3.11, 3.19, 3.21 White Church, Comrie 7.126 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.126 Aldclune, Perthshire 5.47 East Campsie cist 4.54 timber 2.108 burial and ceremonial centres in Tayside 3.22–3.54 annular, copper-alloy, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.58, Mains of Balgavies, Angus: cist 4.56–4.57 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.89 burial monuments 9.9 1.63, 1.64, 1.65 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno, Angus 4.51–4.52 medieval St Andrews 3.148 cist burials 7.20, 9.2 bar, Roman Iron Age 2.115, 2.116 Tanglehaʼ, Kincardineshire 2.42 see also wattle/wattle and daub Craigie Hill, Fife 3.71, 3.74 brooch/earring, copper-alloy, Comrie White Church 7.123, West Scryne, Angus: cist 4.58 see also brick and tile industry; brick-making industry; bricks; flint scatters 8.5 7.124 Bruce, Peter 4.34 brickworks; mortar; plaster; slates; structures; tiles; turf/ grave deposits 4.63 Castle 4.137 Bruce, Sir William, Kineaross House 8.170, 8.179, 8.180 turf structure Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17, 7.20, 7.23 copper-alloy, Cromwellʼs citadel, Perthʼ8.156, 8.157 Bruce family, and Culross Palace 4.213 buildings see structures Kinnoull, Perth: metalwork 3.58–3.60 copper-alloy Roman trumpet 9.22, 9.25–9.26, 9.25, 9.31, Bruges, artistic centre 6.195 Buittle, Kirkcudbright 8.93 Kirkton, Fife: cemetery 4.69–4.78, 4.96 9.33 Bryce, Tom, bronze dagger at Dalgety Bay, Fife 3.13–3.14, 3.21 bullae, papal Newbarns, Angus: possible barrows 10.95 east Fife medieval metalwork finds 3.195 Brydekirk, Dumfries 6.182–6.183 lead alloy North Straiton, Fife 2.47, 3.74 enamelled trumpet, 2.116, 2.117 Buccleuch estates, water meadows 7.133, 7.136 Balmerino Abbey, Fife 3.191 shale/jet armlets/bangles 5.121 headstud 9.25 Buchan, Earl of see Erskine, David Steuart Queenʼs Gardens, St Andrews 3.191, 3.200 urns 3.51 Roman Iron Age 2.114–2.117, 2.115, 2.122, 2.123 Buchan, Aberdeenshire, flint axe-head 5.4 St Monans, Fife 3.193, 3.200 Wemyss Caves carvings 8.111, 8.112, 8.121 La TËne bow 2.121, 2.122 buckets Bullion, near , Angus, medieval sculpture 1.5 see also Angus (prehistoric burials) Langton Down type, Merlsford, Fife 2.120, 2.120, 2.122 bronze 2.65, 2.66 burgage plots Bronze Age, Early 2.66 penannular 7.20 sheet metal 7.5 medieval South Street, Perth 9.77 Carse Farm 3.52 Roman Iron Age 2.113, 2.114, 2.115, 2.122 Buckhaven High School, Fife 8.111 Perth High Street 6.94, 6.106 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.68 pewter 4.159 buckle frames, copper-alloy 2.93, 3.131 St Andrews 6.109, 6.128 cup/cup-and-ring markings 1.16 plate-and-fantail, Cupar Muir 2.116, 2.117 buckle pin, iron, Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.130 burial practices 7.123, 7.124 dryland burials 7.8 Roman Iron Age 2.113, 2.114, 2.115, 2.122, 3.191 buckle plate, copper-alloy 7.63, 7.64, 9.79, 9.83 White Church, Comrie 7.123, 7.127 funerary sites 10.34 Romans in Scotland 2.118, 2.119, 2.121, 2.122–2.123, buckles see also funerary rituals Ledmore, Angus: possible metalworkerʼs mould 3.55–3.57, 2.125 copper-alloy burial vault, Edzell Old Church 6.137, 6.141, 6.146–6.147, 3.56 silver trumpet, Ayrshire 2.122 Arbroath High Street 5.61–5.62, 5.62 6.146, 6.150 rural settlement 3.70 trumpet 7.9 Ballinbreich Castle, Fife 3.190, 3.195, 3.196–3.197, 3.196 burials Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.161 Brooks, Professor Nicholas 7.49 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.157, 8.158, 8.164 burial and ceremonial sites of Bronze Age in Tayside 3.22– timber circles 10.19 Broom Hill, Hampshire, Mesolithic structure 4.12 Cupar, Fife 3.192, 3.197 3.54 passage graves 1.17 Welsh 1.15 16 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 17

pebble deposition 9.70–9.71 White Church, Comrie excavation 7.119–7.128 byre/dairy, Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.113 Cambo estate, Fife 7.17 post-medieval customs and practices 4.289, 4.296 see also barrows; bone, human; cemeteries; cists; cremation byre/storeroom, St Andrews (South Street) 6.116–6.118, 6.117, Cambo House, Fife 7.17, 7.24 post-medieval graveyard excavations 4.289–4.299 burials; cremation pit; flat cemetery 6.120, 6.125, 6.133 Cambo Ness, Fife 7.24, 7.26 prehistoric from Angus: finds 4.31–4.66 Burn of Edramucky, Loch Tay 9.8 Cambo Sands, Fife 7.17 with Roman grave goods 2.120–2.122, 2.120 Burnbane 4.140, 4.141 c Cambus, Clacks, rediscovered sword from Forth 7.1–7.15, 7.6 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.75, 2.77, 2.78, 2.79–2.80, Burnside, Fife, cropmarks 3.113 Cachart, Raymond Cambuskenneth, Stirlingshire, sword find 7.5 2.79, 2.81, 2.87, 2.91, 2.92, 2.94, 2.109, 2.112 Burntisland, Fife Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church: excavation 10.119– Camelon, Stirlingshire 2.121–2.122, 8.94 Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.24, 3.26, 3.27–3.28, 3.30 Forth coastal defence 3.210 10.133 Iron Age plant remains 4.117 Arbroath tide mill 8.183 St Andrews (South Street Nos 106–110) 6.109–6.135 Cameron, Fife 7.131 High Street 4.279 Burt, Edward 5.134–5.135 White Church, Comrie: excavation 7.119–7.122, 7.127– Cameron, Kirsty Hospital of St John the Baptist 4.270 butchery 6.103–6.104, 6.127, 6.128 7.128 Dubton Farm, Angus: Neolithic/Iron Age 8.19–8.76 Balhungie, Angus 4.62–4.63 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.76, 2.80, 2.83, 2.104 Caerleon Roman fort, south 2.113 West Grange of Conon souterrain 9.65–9.73 Barnyards, Angus 4.62 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.125, 3.138, 3.140 Cainich, Saint 3.143 ʻCamp, Theʼ see Montgoldrum Braighe, Lewis, mass grave 2.43 Arbroath High Street 5.64–5.65 Caiplie Caves, Fife 2.119, 8.112, 8.113–8.114, 8.121, 8.122 Camp/Kemp Castle see Turin Hill, Angus Caiplie Caves 8.113, 8.114 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.72–7.73 Caird Hall, Dundee 4.181 Campbell, Mr D 7.34 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.71, 6.72, Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.156–3.157 Cairnconon Hill 9.65 Campbell, Dudley 8.2 6.74–6.75, 6.75–6.76, 6.84, 6.85 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.49 Cairngorms, chert source 9.44 Campbell, the Reverend George, of Cupar 2.27 Dunfermline, Aberdour Road 4.76 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.198 Cairnholy, Dumfries and Galloway, 8.49 Camptown Farm, Athelstaneford, East Lothian, Bronze Age axe Dunfermline Abbey: royalty 2.99 Montrose, medieval 1.40, 1.42, 1.44, 1.45, 1.46 Cairnpapple, West Lothian 6.2 10.55 Dunino churchyard, Fife St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.67, 1.71–1.72, 1.73 , West Lothian, ʻstoneʼ circle 10.20 Camster Long, Caithness, prehistoric pottery 8.41 Douglas burial enclosure 8.125, 8.135 Wemyss Caves 8.119 candles 6.99 infant burials 8.132, 8.135, 8.136 butterflies, Meadow Brown 8.175 chambered 6.2 candlestick, iron, Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.79, 9.83, 9.84 Purvis burial enclosure 8.125, 8.127, 8.129, 8.131– button backing, bone, Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.81, 9.84 cup/cup-and-ring markings 1.11, 1.16 Candow, Reg, Prehistoric Morton 3.74 8.132, 8.134 button-and-loop fastener long 5.21 Canewdon paddle, Essex 10.62 Dunlappie Parish Church churchyard, Edzell 9.97, 9.98– Ballinbreich Castle 2.113, 2.115 recumbent stone circles 5.15, 5.16, 5.17, 5.20 Canmoreʼs Tower, Dunfermline 2.70, 2.72 9.100, 9.101 Roman Iron Age 3.190 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire, circular 5.109, 5.113– Canna, 4.134 East Campsie cist 4.54 buttonhooks, post-medieval dress accessories 2.52 5.116, 5.115, 5.121, 5.126 cannel coal Hallow Hill, Fife 2.120 buttons Ballinloan Burn, Strathbraan 3.168, 3.169, 3.170 fusiform beads 3.28, 3.29, 3.30 Kingsbarns short cist, crouched burial 7.20 antler 2.52, 2.53, 2.54 Barns Farm, Dalgety Bay, Fife 3.19 spacer plate necklace 4.44 Kinnoull Church graveyard, Perth 2.55, 2.56, 2.57, 2.58, bone 2.52, 2.53, 2.54 Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Kirriemuir, Angus 4.33, 4.34 cannel coal ring fragment, West Grange of Conon 9.72 7.123 bone/antler, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.99, 2.100 Cairnholy, Dumfries and Galloway, chambered 8.49 Canterbury, mint 3.192, 3.193 Kirkton, Fife copper-alloy 2.52, 2.53, 2.54, 6.98, 6.120, 6.123 Cloch, The, south Kincardineshire 5.15, 5.16, 5.17, 5.17, Capo, Aberdeenshire, corn-drying kiln 4.89, 10.113 Bronze Age cemetery 4.69–4.78 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.91, 2.95 5.20 Caputh, Perthshire 4.137, 4.139, 4.140 mortuary ritual 4.70, 4.73, 4.74, 4.77–4.78 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.116 Corrymuckloch Farm, Amulree, Perthshire 2.62, 2.68 Caracalla (son of Emperor Severus): later Emperor 4.104, 10.83 Kuffarn, Austria, La Tène burial 2.66 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.131 Dalgety Bay short-cist, Fife 3.16, 3.18, 3.19, 3.21 Cardean, Angus Loanleven, Perthshire: cist 3.33 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.154, 8.158 Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.166, 3.167 prehistoric pottery 8.94 Loch Fithie, Forfar, Angus: cist 4.45 Kinnoull Graveyard, Perth 4.292, 4.293 White Cairn 3.24, 3.44–3.47, 3.45–3.47, 3.161, 3.165 Roman fort 8.92, 8.97 Mains of Balgavies, Angus 4.49, 4.56, 4.63 Leslie, Fife 4.292 Glen Fender, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.170 Cardy, Amanda, human bone: cemetery of Church of the Holy Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno, Angus 4.43–4.44, 4.51–4.52, glass 2.53, 2.54–2.55 Hare Cairn, Pitkennedy, Aberlemno, Angus 4.48 Trinity, St Andrews 3.154–3.155 4.62 Kinnoull Graveyard, Perth 4.292, 4.293, 4.294 Loch Luig 3.24, 3.47 Carlisle Cathedral, St Catherineʼs Chapelʼ6.197 Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.24–4.25, 4.29 lead, Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.159, 8.160 Mains of Balgavies, Angus, possible 4.56 Carlungie, Angus 8.97, 8.98 Meikle Kenny, Kingoldrum, Angus: cist 4.40 mother-of-pearl 2.52, 2.53, 2.55–2.56, 4.292 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno, Angus 4.44, 4.49, 4.51, 4.62 metalworking 8.94 Merlsford, Fife, ʻwarriorʼ burial 2.120–2.121, 2.120, 2.122, post-medieval, Dubton Farm, Angus 8.34 Maryton Law prehistoric mound, possible 4.20 souterrain 1.15, 8.80, 8.109, 9.25, 9.26, 9.72 2.125 post-medieval dress accessories 2.52, 2.53–2.56, 2.53 Ord North, Sutherland, chambered 8.49 Carmelite Friary on the Green, Aberdeen 6.78 Murton, Forfar, Angus 4.44, 4.63 Bye Burn, Crail 7.104, 7.115 Salachill, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.172 Carmelite Friary, Tullilum 6.197 Myreside, Forfar, Angus 4.47–4.48 byre, open-ended, Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.127, Sketewan, Perthshire 3.24 Carn Dubh, Perthshire 9.49 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.119, 10.121, 5.128, 5.129 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.162, 3.174 Carnasserie Castle, Argyll 10.136 10.122, 10.123, 10.124, 10.126, 10.131 Byre Theatre, Abbey Street, St Andrews 7.48, 7.49–7.86, 7.82 Table Rings Cairn, East Lothian 10.113 Carnbee, Fife 7.131 child burial 10.121, 10.123, 10.131 ʻgarden soilʼ 7.87–7.90, 7.91 Turin Hill, Angus 5.43 Carnock, estate of 4.202 Priory Gardens, Pittenweem (ʻWitch Cornerʼ) 9.126 Phase 1: 7.50, 7.51, 7.79 Cairns, Tony 6.4 , Angus see Old Downie St Andrews Phase 2: stone building 7.50–7.53, 7.51, 7.52, 7.72, 7.80, Calais, mint 3.191 Carpenterʼs Hall, London 6.55 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity 3.145, 3.154–3.155, 7.81 Caldwell, Dr David 7.38, 7.43 carpenterʼs marks, Brechin, Nos 68–74 High Street (timber roof) 3.157, 3.159, 3.160 Phase 3: South Street property 7.53, 7.54, 7.80 Caledonian Hunt 5.163, 5.166 10.154, 10.155, 10.157, 10.158, 10.159 St Maryʼs Churchʼ1.23 Phase 4: South Street redevelopment 7.53–7.58, 7.54, 7.80 Caledonian Railway Company 8.158 Carpow, Perthshire 6.182 St Christopherʼs Church and cemetery, Cupar 5.76, 5.81 Phase 5: late-medieval features 7.58 Caledonians 7.1–7.2 late Bronze Age logboat 10.58, 10.59–10.63, 10.60, 10.61 Tangleha, Kincardineshire 2.42–2.44, 2.43 Phase 6: post-medieval features 7.58 , Perthshire, socketed axehead 7.5 Roman legionary fortress 2.118, 10.73, 10.83 Wemyss Caves 8.119, 8.120–8.121, 8.124 byre-dwellings 4.108 Callange, Ceres, Fife 4.74 Carrick Castle, Argyll 4.226 West Grange of Conon 9.72, 9.73 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.127, 5.134 Callanish Research Project, Lewis 5.29 Carriden, West Lothian 7.1, 7.7 West Scryne, Angus 4.57, 4.58, 4.63 Pitcarmick-type buildings: Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.162 Calletar Survey Area (Nathro and Calletar) 5.34 Carron, River and Valley, metalwork 7.5–7.7, 7.9 Westhaugh of Tulliemet cists 3.35, 3.36 Salachill, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.173 Callums Hill quarry, Perthshire 6.169 Carron Iron Works 2.1, 3.204, 4.228 Carronbridge, Dumfriesshire, brooches 9.26 18 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 19

Carronvale House, Stirlingshire 7.5 1.11, 5.33, 5.36, 5.46 Carnbee, Fife 7.131 Abernethy Bronze Age/Iron Age stone features 10.75 Carse Farm see also Brown Caterthun; White Caterthun Crail, Fife 7.129, 7.130 Arbroath High Street 5.56 Carse Farm 1 3.24, 3.48–3.52, 3.49, 3.50 Cathan, Saint 6.174 Creich, Fife 7.131 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.50, 7.55, 7.56, 7.75, 7.76, 7.77– Carse Farm 2 3.24, 3.48, 3.52 cats Crombie, Fife 7.131 7.78, 7.79, 7.81 stone circles 3.24, 3.48–3.52, 3.48, 3.52 skinning of 7.53, 7.73 Cupar, Fife, St Christopherʼs Church 5.74–5.75, 7.129, 7.130 carbonised Carse of Gowrie, Perthshire 10.85 and witchcraft 9.125, 9.127 Dairsie, Fife 7.131 Abernethy School 10.79, 10.80 clay source 9.93 Catterline, Kincardineshire, sculpture 9.106 Dalgety, Fife, St Bridgetʼs 7.130 Arbroath High Street 5.66 cropmarks 10.62 cattle bones Dunbog, Fife 7.131 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.78 landscape evolution 10.92, 10.93 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.99, 2.100, 2.103, 2.104, 2.106 Dundee Cromwell citadel, Perth 8.162–8.163 medieval pottery industry 2.127, 4.170, 4.173–4.176, 4.173 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.125, 3.137, 3.138, 3.139, 3.140, City Churches, Nethergate 6.71–6.86, 6.74–6.75 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.117 souterrains 10.83 3.141 Eastern Cemetery 6.85 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.52, 8.53, 8.60, 8.61, 8.68 wetland environment 9.3, 9.5, 10.92 Arbroath High Street 5.64–5.65 Howff, The 6.84 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.43, 6.45, 6.66–6.67 Carsewell, Bishop John 10.136 Dundee East Wemyss, Fife 7.131 Inchture, Perthshire 10.87, 10.89, 10.90–10.91 Carsie Mains, , Perthshire City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.83 Edzell Old Church 6.137, 6.140, 6.147–6.150 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.23, 7.24 rectilinear timber structure 10.2, 10.3–10.15, 10.4, 10.6– Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate 4.193, 4.194, 4.195, Elie, Fife 7.129 Newbarns, Angus 10.105, 10.107, 10.108–10.109, 10.7, 10.17–10.18, 10.19, 10.20, 10.22 4.196, 4.197 Kennoway, Fife 7.131 10.110, 10.112, 10.113, 10.115 /ʻpit-circleʼ 10.1–10.2, 10.8, 10.9, 10.14, 10.15– Murraygate 6.58, 6.59, 6.60, 6.67 Kinglassie, Fife 7.131 Perth 4.86–4.87 10.16, 10.17, 10.19–10.20, 10.22 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.105 Kingskettle, Fife 7.131 Salvation Army Citadel, South Street, Perth 9.85 Carter, Dr Stephen Montrose 1.40, 1.42 Kineaross parish church 8.179 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.85, 4.89 ʻgarden soilʼ 7.82,ʼ7.87–7.92 Star Garage 1.44, 1.45 Kirkcaldy, Kirk Wynd 7.129–7.130 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.86, 8.87, 8.95, 8.97 Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.20–4.30 Perth Largo, Fife 7.131 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.43 pit alignment at North Straiton, Fife 2.45–2.51 Cromwellʼs citadel 8.161 Leslie, Fife 7.131 Carsie Mains 10.8, 10.9–10.13, 10.17 Carthusian monastery, Perth 6.197 High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.89, 6.102, 6.103, , Fife 7.130 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.116, 4.117 cashels 1.24–1.25 6.104 Meigle 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.45, 6.63, 6.67 Cassius Dio 4.92 Salvation Army Citadel 9.84 Milton of Balgonie, Fife 7.131 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.108, 3.109, 3.110, 3.111 Caste Craig, Stirlingshire: vitrified hillfort 10.71 St Andrews Montrose (16 Wishart Avenue excavation) 6.27–6.31 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.182, 4.185, Castelterris, John de 5.72 Byre Theatre 7.53, 7.55, 7.58, 7.71–7.72, 7.73, 7.81 Newburn, Fife 7.131 4.198–4.199 Castle Acre Castle, Norfolk, stone gaming board 4.145 Church of the Holy Trinity 3.156, 3.157 Perth Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110, 3.111 Castle Hill, Angus 4.107, 4.108, 4.124 St Nicholas Farm 1.67, 1.68, 1.69, 1.70, 1.70, 1.71, 1.72, Greyfriars 8.145, 8.162, 8.164 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.26–9.28, 9.27, 9.30, Castle Hillock, Edzell, Angus 6.137 5.95, 5.96, 5.103 St Johnʼs Kirk 8.162, 8.165 9.31 Castle Howard, Yorkshire 8.172 South Street 6.126, 6.127, 6.128 Redcastle, Lunan Bay, Angus, square barrow 5.30, 5.32 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17, 7.20, 7.23 Castle Menzies, Aberfeldy, Perthshire, Neolithic enclosure 8.10, St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76 St Andrews Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.45, 9.46, 9.48, 9.49 8.11–8.18, 8.12, 8.14 Wemyss Caves 8.112, 8.118 Cathedral Graveyard Survey 4.248–4.259 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno 4.54 Castle Rock, , Angus, cup-and-ring marks 1.15 cattle markets Church of the Holy Trinity 3.144–3.146, 3.152–3.153, St Andrews (South Street) 6.111, 6.131 Castle Sween, Knapdale, 6.56 at Crieff 6.181 3.154–3.158, 3.159 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.84–4.85, 4.86, 4.89 Castle of Wardhouse, Aberdeenshire, moated site 3.182 South Inch, Perth 8.149, 8.154, 8.155, 8.158, 8.159, 8.165 ʻNewʼ Cemetery 4.248, 4.250 Wemyss Caves 8.113 Castlecliffe, St Andrews 4.84, 6.100, 6.133, 7.65, 7.79 cattle rearing ʻWesternʼ Cemetery 4.248 Westhaugh of Tulliemet: Food Vessel 3.37–3.39 Castledykes, Angus, moated site 3.178, 3.181, 3.184 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.131 Tealing, Angus 4.166 cereal storage 10.81, 10.89, 10.91 Castlehaven, Kirkcudbright 8.93 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.112, 5.126, 5.127, 5.135 Torryburn, Fife 7.131 cereal-type pollen, Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno 4.54, 4.64 Castlelaw, Midlothian 8.93 cauldrons see also burials; Dunino, Fife; flat cemetery; Holly Road, cereals bronze 2.66, 4.156 Leven, Fife; Kinnoull Graveyard; Leslie, Fife; White 19th-century imports of 7.134 motte and 6.137 iron 5.131 Church, Comrie cereal-drying kilns see kilns (corn-drying) stone 3.176 caulking, lead 6.53, 6.54 census records, and cave dwellers 8.122 grain drying ʻhearthʼ (St Andrews, South Street) 6.116, 6.131 timber 3.176 causeways, moated sites 3.178 Central Excavation Unit (CEU), Wemyss Caves 8.117, 8.120 milling of, Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.115, 7.116 Castletown, Caithness 8.93 caves Central Scotland Woodland project 1.85 rising prices 8.196 cat bones Christian use of 2.119 ceramic tiles see tiles, ceramic storage 3.115 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.80, 2.103 dwellers in 8.114, 8.121, 8.122 cereal cultivation Elie Granary, Fife 8.191 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.138, 3.139, 3.140 Ulva Cave 4.117 medieval Fife 3.113 Perth citadel 8.146, 8.162–8.163 Arbroath High Street 5.64 see also Caiplie Caves; Constantineʼs Cave; Kinkell Cave; Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.129, 5.131, 5.132 and souterrains 8.79 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.53, 7.55, 7.71, 7.72, 7.73 Wemyss, Fife Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.113, 5.127 trade in 4.268, 5.160 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.156 celi dé monks see Culdee monks Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.117–4.119, 4.120 see also barley; emmer wheat; oats; wheat Dundee (Murraygate) 6.58 Cellardyke royal burgh, Fife 3.119 Dubton Farm, Angus, Neolithic 8.53, 8.60, 8.61, 8.70, 8.73 ceremonial and burial sites of Bronze Age in Tayside 3.22–3.54 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.193 fragments, Angus 6.138 Easter Kinnear, Fife and area 3.86, 3.114 ceremonial monuments, Neolithic 6.2 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.95, 6.102, Celtic influences, Crail 7.93 Perth area 8.163 ceremonial practices 6.104 Celtic-style metalwork 2.113 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.84, 4.85, 4.89 Neolithic 5.44 St Andrews (South Street) 6.118, 6.126, 6.127, 6.128 cemeteries cereal preservation: Newbarns, Angus 10.109 recumbent stone circles 5.12 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.55, 1.67, 1.70, 1.71 Aberlemno 1.8 cereal processing see also ritual Star Garage, Montrose 1.44 Arbroath 4.267 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.42, 8.61 Ceres, Fife Cat Cave, East Wemyss see Jonathanʼs Cave Boarhills, Fife 7.131 medieval period 4.86–4.88 animal footrest 2.99 Caterthuns, Angus Broxmouth cemetery, East Lothian 7.20 cereal remains medieval metalwork finds 3.188, 3.193, 3.198 Cameron, Fife 7.131 Russian lead seals 6.213 20 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 21

Ceres Moor, Fife 7.27 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.80, 4.83, 4.86, 4.88 churches Sens Cathedral 5.148 Cerón-Carrasco, Ruby Shanzie Farm souterrain, Perthshire 8.77, 8.84, 8.87, 8.88, Perthshire medieval 6.174, 6.176 Struan, Atholl, St Fillanʼs Church 6.171, 6.176–6.177, 6.178 Byre Theatre, St Andrews: fish remains 7.73–7.75 8.95, 8.97 rescue archaeology and Scottish churches 10.131–10.132 Tain, Ross and Cromarty 6.196 Murraygate, Dundee: fish remains 6.60–6.63 Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.30, 7.31 Abercrombie 3.193 Tarvit, Cupar, St Michaelʼs parish church 3.192, 3.193 St Andrews (South Street): fish remains 6.128–6.130 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.38 Aberdeen, St Nicholasʼ Church 6.196, 6.197 Tealing (former parish church) 4.166, 4.167 Cessnock, Ayrshire: tile works 10.181 Wardend of Durris pits 9.30 Aikenhatt (Aberlemno) 1.7–1.8 Trondheim Cathedral 5.158 cesspits Wemyss Caves 8.115, 8.118, 8.120 Antwerp Tulliallan Old Parish Church 7.130 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.83, 2.86 West Grange of Conon 9.72 Cathedral of Our Lady 4.297, 7.123 Tullichettle, Comrie, Perthshire 6.174 South Street, Perth 9.76, 9.77, 9.79, 9.80, 9.85 see also plant remains; wood charcoal St Paulʼs Church 4.292 Wharram Percy, North Yorkshire, St Martinʼs 4.291 see also rubbish/cess pits Charles I, King 7.95 Arbroath abbey church 1.28 see also ; Dunning; Restenneth priory, Cetaceans coins 2.102, 3.190, 5.90, 5.104 Bergen Cathedral 5.157, 5.160 Angus; White Church, Comrie, St Johnʼs Kirk, Perth bones, Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.71, 7.72 turner/bodle 7.124, 7.125, 7.127 Braighe, Lewis, St Columbaʼs 2.43 Cill Ronan, Islay 6.179 in Pictish art 7.45–7.47, 7.46 Charles II, King Carlisle Cathedral 6.197 Cinaed son of Alpín 4.141, 4.142 CFA Archaeology Ltd coins 5.91, 5.104, 9.81 Crail, St Maryʼs Church 7.105, 7.108, 9.93 circular homesteads, Turin Hill, Angus 5.36, 5.40–5.41, 5.43– Inchture, Perth and Kineaross 10.85, 10.93 and Perth citadel 8.147 Crieff, St Michaelʼs Parish Church 6.174–6.175 5.44, 5.47 Newbarns cropmark excavation 10.95 Charles Hill gun battery, Fife 3.207–3.215, 3.209 Cupar, St Christopherʼs Parish Church 5.72–5.86, 5.74, Cistercian nunneries chain link, iron 6.54, 6.55 Charlton-all-Saints, Wiltshire 7.133 5.77–5.81, 7.129, 7.130 Elcho 6.197 Chalmers, P MacGregor 8.127 charnel deposits, Dunino, Fife 4.291, 8.129, 8.136 Dalmeny 5.82 Haddington 7.105 chamber pots 4.224, 7.59, 9.89 Cheer, Peter, pottery: cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Dunbar, Trinitarian friary church 6.125 Cistercian Order Channel 4 ʻTime Teamʼ 10.23–10.24, 10.30, 10.46, 10.49 Andrews 3.156 Dundee Balmerino Abbey 3.190, 4.235, 4.236 Chapel Cave, Fife 8.113–8.114, 8.122 chemists, Victorian 5.122 Mains Church 4.168 4.167, 4.181, 10.92 Chapel Hill, near Ballinbreich Castle, Fife 3.190 chert, Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.44 St Maryʼs Church 6.71, 6.73, 6.75, 6.83, 6.84, 6.85 Culross, Fife 4.202 Chapelton, Angus, cereal drying kiln 4.89 Chertsey Abbey 4.157 Steeple Church 6.72 cistern, Preston Island 2.6, 2.15, 2.16–2.19, 2.16, 2.17, 2.22, chapes 1.63, 7.9 cherty flint, Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.7 Dundee City Churches see under Dundee (Nethergate) 2.26 Chapman family (of Brechin) 10.163 Cheshire rock-salt industry 2.23 Dunino 4.290–4.291 cists charcoal Chesterhill, Fife, cists 7.20 Dunning, Perthshire: St Serfʼs Church and tower see beaker-associated 10.34 Iron Age roundhouses 8.86 chicken bones, as decoy for evil spirits 9.124, 9.127 Dunning box-cists 10.49 souterrains 8.80 Childrenʼs Hospice Association Scotland, Kineaross House 8.169 Dunearod, St Maryʼs and St Briocʼs 3.182 construction and burial practices 4.62–4.63 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.75, 2.76, 2.81, 2.82, 2.83, Chillingham, Northumberland, carved stone 5.10 Dysart, Fife, parish church of 6.138 cup/cup-and-ring markings 1.11, 1.16 2.86 chisel/punch, iron, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.131 Old Church, Angus 6.146, 6.150, 6.151 in Angus 4.31, 4.60–4.66 Abernethy 10.75, 10.79 chisels , Tron Church 5.97 Scottish Food Vessels: list 3.39 Allt na Moine Buidhe 5.116 iron 7.63, 7.64 Edzell Old Church, Angus 6.136, 6.137–6.153, 6.137, 6.151 Almondbank, Perthshire 4.76, 4.77 Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.27, 3.30, 3.31 Late Bronze Age: Moncrieffe, Perthshire 3.60 Ely Cathedral 5.156 Balhungie, Monikie, Angus 4.41–4.42, 4.62–4.63 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.123, 3.124, 3.125, 3.128 cholera 3.155 Forgan, St Fillanʼs Churchʼ3.64,ʼ3.65,ʼ3.70,ʼ3.188, 3.191 Barns Farm, Dalgety Bay, Fife 4.62, 4.70, 4.77, 4.78 Arbroath High Street 5.54 5.12 Barnyards, Tannadice, Angus 4.62 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.57, 7.58, 7.88 Dundee City Churches burials 6.76 Foulis Easter Church, Angus 6.195, 6.196, 6.197 Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Kirriemuir, Angus 4.33–4.34, Carse Farm 1 excavation 3.49 early 6.174 Inchture, Perthshire 10.92 4.62, 4.63 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.4 at St Andrews 1.23, 1.24, 1.26 , St Ronanʼs parish church 6.179 East Campsie, Angus 4.49, 4.54–4.55, 4.55, 4.63 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.66 and holy wells 6.174, 6.175 Kingʼs Lynn, St Margaretʼs 5.155, 5.156, 5.160 Farleyer, Perthshire 3.23, 3.42–3.43, 3.42 Crail 7.107, 7.108 early carved stonework 8.111, 8.121 Leslie, Christʼs Kirk on the Green 4.289–4.290 Hare Cairn, Pitkennedy, Aberlemno, Angus 4.48 Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house 4.109, 4.112, 4.115, 4.120– early cave dwellers 8.114 Leuchars, St Athernase Church 5.82 Kirkton, Fife, possible 4.70 4.121, 4.122, 4.123, 4.126 iconography 1.4, 4.160, 4.166–4.167, 4.167, 4.168, 4.169 Linlithgow Parish Church 6.195 Ladyloan, Arbroath 4.264, 4.276 Dubton Farm, Angus: Neolithic pits 8.19, 8.21, 8.24, 8.25, and inhumation: Tanglehaʼ, Kincardineshire 2.42, 2.43 London Mains of Balgavies, Angus 4.49, 4.55–4.57, 4.56–4.57 8.28, 8.34, 8.49–8.51, 8.76 Montrose (Wishart Avenue) burials 6.28 St Paulʼs Cathedral 5.156–5.157 Mains of , Careston, Angus 4.40 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.86, 3.89, 3.108, 3.110 Tannadice Parish Church: early site 10.131 St Paulʼs Cathedral: seal 5.156–5.157 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno, Angus 4.43–4.44, 4.49–4.54, Edenwood, Fife 4.91 use of caves 2.119 Temple Church 2.99, 4.157 4.50, 4.62, 4.63, 4.64–4.65 Fletcherfield souterrain 8.109 Wemyss Cave burials 8.121 Meigle 1.1, 1.3–1.6, 1.4 Meigle sculpture collection 1.3 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110 Christie, Mrs G H 4.33 Northampton, St Andrewʼs Church 4.233 Meikle Kenny, Kingoldrum, Angus 4.40, 4.41, 4.62, 4.63 Holly Road, Leven: early Bronze Age cemetery 10.30 Chronicle of Melrose 1.25 Norwich, St Benedictʼs Church 4.291 Murton, Forfar, Angus 4.44–4.45, 4.46, 4.62 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.21, 9.22, 9.30, 9.31 Chrystall, Dr Fiona H, soil micromorphology, Cragganester, Loch Ruthven, Angus 1.13, 5.23–5.27, 5.24 Myreside, Forfar, Angus 4.47–4.48 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20, 7.23 Tay 5.142–5.143 St Andrews North Mains, Strathallan, Perthshire 4.62 Kineaross House: walled garden 8.175 Church, Mike Church of the Holy Trinity, Logies Lane 1.23, 1.25, 3.143– Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.121, 10.122, Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.39, 9.43, 9.44, 9.45, Dubton Farm, Angus: plant macrofossils 8.51–8.68 3.160, 3.145, 7.55 10.123, 10.131 9.52 Ironshill East, Angus: plant macrofossils 9.26–9.28, 9.27 relocation 3.148–3.154, 3.151 Pitlessie, Fife 4.77 Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.22 Mains of Edzell enclosure Priory Church of 5.72 Ponder Law, Arbroath 4.276 Newbarns, Angus 10.105, 10.107, 10.108, 10.109, 10.110– mineral magnetic profiles 9.49–9.51 St Maryʼs Church 1.23, 1.26 Rumgally, Fife 4.74 10.111 plant macrofossils 9.45–9.49 St Andrews Cathedral 7.129, 7.130 St Andrews, St Maryʼs Church 1.23 North Straiton farm, Fife: pit alignment 2.47, 2.49–2.50, 2.51 Newbarns, Angus: plant macrofossils, carbonised 10.108– St Arnoldʼs Tannadice see Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Upper Largie, Kilmartin, Argyll 4.63 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.90, 5.91, 5.93 10.113 Church Welton, Angus 1.13 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.79, 9.81 , and archaeology 10.131 1.6, 4.264, 4.269, 4.271 West Grange of Conon 9.65, 9.67, 9.72 22 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 23

West Scryne, Angus 4.49, 4.57–4.60, 4.58, 4.59, 4.62 clay extraction, Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.53, 7.58, 7.81 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.88, 7.89 in Bronze Age graves 4.71 Westhaugh of Tulliemet 3.23, 3.34–3.41, 3.34–3.36 clay pipes Culross, Fife 4.219, 4.227 stone: Constantineʼs Cave 8.114 long Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.102 Dunlappie Parish Church 9.100 18th/19th-century burials 4.289, 4.297, 4.298 Aberdour, Fife 7.20 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.122–5.125, 5.124 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.105 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.154, Kingsbarns Castle 7.17 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.131, 3.136–3.137, 3.137 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.185, 4.186, 4.198 3.157 Old Haiks, Fife 7.17, 7.24 Arbroath High Street 5.55, 5.61, 5.64, 5.69 Hilderston, Bathgate Hills 5.126 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.75, 6.76, 6.82, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.93, 5.93, 5.96 Crieff 6.155 Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.112 6.84 short 9.2 Culross Palace, Fife 4.226 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.81 Kinnoull Graveyard, Perth 2.57 and jet necklaces 3.102 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.49, 6.58, 6.67 coal and collieries, East Wemyss 8.111, 8.112, 8.114, 8.120, White Church, Comrie 7.121–7.122, 7.121, 7.123, 7.127 skeletal remains 4.51–4.52 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.193 8.122 coins Aberdour, Fife 7.20 Kineaross House 8.173, 8.175, 8.179 coal gas 8.184 and burial practice 7.124 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.116 Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.28 coal mining Tay river hoard 7.9 Almondbank, Perthshire 3.23, 3.24–3.33, 3.25 Melgund Castle: Dutch origin 10.148–10.149 and brick and tile industry: Fife 1.83, 1.84 at Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.79–2.80, 2.102–2.103, Barnyards, Tannadice, Angus 4.46 St Andrews (South Street) 6.118, 6.120, 6.124, 6.126 Central Scotland outcrops 5.121 2.109 Belliston Farm, Fife 3.1, 3.2, 3.5–3.10, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.19, St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75 Culross, Fife 4.202, 4.226 at Allt na Moine Buidhe 5.119 3.21 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.66–1.67, 5.90, 5.98 growth in Lanarkshire 4.181 at Arbroath High Street 5.55, 5.61 Dalgety Bay, Fife 3.1, 3.2, 3.9, 3.10–3.19, 3.10, 3.12– Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.84 Pit Island 2.3 at Ballinbreich Castle 3.190 3.15, 3.18, 3.20, 3.21, 3.32 Wemyss Caves 8.114, 8.117 Pieries Burn Wood, Fife 1.77, 1.78 at Balmerino Abbey 3.191 Douglastown, Kinnettles, Angus 4.39, 4.62 clay-lined pit, Abernethy School 10.79, 10.80 Preston Island 2.1–2.2, 2.3, 2.5–2.6, 2.9, 2.22, 2.25, 2.26 at Balmullo 3.191 Holly Road, Leven: early Bronze Age cemetery 10.23, Claypots, Perth, possible pottery kiln site 2.126–2.127 Robert Bald (mining engineer): in Fife 3.204–3.206 at Craigie Hill 3.63 10.24–10.25, 10.26, 10.46–10.53 Cleaven Dyke, Perthshire 8.8–8.9, 8.16 ʻroom-and-pillarʼ system in Fife 3.204 at Crail 7.98–7.99, 7.101 decoration/patterns 10.28 long barrow 5.21 and salt works 2.22, 2.24, 3.205–3.206, 4.202 at Cupar 3.192–3.193 funerary ritual 10.47–10.48 Neolithic mound 6.3 Shropshire/long-wall method in Fife 3.204 St Christopherʼs Churchʼ5.82 inside enclosure 10.25, 10.26–10.27, 10.28, 10.29, pit-defined cursus 6.15, 6.16 survival of workings: Fife 1.76, 1.77, 1.78–1.81 at Inchyra 2.118, 2.118 10.30, 10.48 Cleghorn burial enclosure, Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.125 see also open-cast coal mining at Lindores Abbey 3.189 lithic finds 10.32–10.34, 10.33 Cleigh, Argyll, dagger 3.15 coal tar, Bessie Bar Hall, Culross, Fife 4.221, 4.230 at Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.23 outside enclosure 10.30–10.32, 10.31, 10.49 Cleish, Kineaross, medieval boundaries 4.232 Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, Abraham Darby 5.119 at Montrose 1.36 see also bone, human; Food Vessels Cleish Hills, early extraction sites 1.76, 1.83, 1.85 coastal defences at St Monans 3.193 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17, 7.18–7.20, 7.18 Clement IV, Pope 3.191, 3.200 Arbroath 4.271 at St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.66, 5.90, 5.91, 5.93, Loch Fithie, Forfar, Angus 4.45 climate Firth of Forth 3.207–3.215, 3.208 5.94, 5.96, 5.104 Mains of Careston, Careston, Angus 4.40 and ʻlittle ice ageʼ 10.167 coastal erosion, East Wemyss 8.111, 8.119–8.120, 8.121, 8.124 at White Church, Comrie 7.122, 7.123–7.125, 7.127 Muirhall Farm 3.23, 3.24, 3.43–3.44, 3.44 warming of 10.175 Coastal Zone Assessment 8.187 of Avignon 6.55, 8.159 Newhouse of Glamis, Angus 4.45 and Wemyss Caves 8.122 Coats, Alexander 7.143 British Upper Kenly Farm, Fife 3.1–3.5, 3.2, 3.3, 3.17, 3.19, 3.21 Clinkmyln (Klinkmill), Cupar 5.75 cobble tools 8.42 George II halfpennies 5.119, 9.127 White Cairn, Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.24, 3.44–3.47, Cloburn, Lanarkshire, beads 3.32 cobbled path, St Andrews (South Street) 6.116, 6.117, 6.118 George III copper halfpenny 7.99, 7.101 3.45–3.47, 3.165 Cloch, The, south Kincardineshire, recumbent stone circle 5.15– cobbled surfaces George III copper penny 4.23 Civil War 8.146 5.17, 5.16, 5.17, 5.19–5.20 18th-century, Kingsbarns, Fife 7.18 George III silver shilling 1.66 Clach na Tiompain, Perthshire, chambered cairn 6.2 cloches, glass 4.225 South Street, Perth 9.76, 9.77, 9.78, 9.85–9.86, 9.87 Victorian 4.292, 4.297 Clackmannan, medieval pottery 2.128 Clochfoldich, Perthshire, moated site 3.177, 3.178, 3.178, see also stone surfaces at Kinnoull Aisle 4.292, 4.297 Claish, 10.115 3.180, 3.184–3.185 cobblers, South Street, Perth 9.85 halfpenny 7.123 rectilinear structure 10.17, 10.18, 10.19, 10.89 Clochforbie, recumbent stone circle 5.20 cobbles/cobbled flooring see stone surfaces pennies 8.159, 10.147 clamp-kilns see kilns , Co. Offaly Cochrane, Archibald (9th Earl of Dundonald) 8.184 copper 3.190, 3.191, 3.193, 5.55, 5.61, 5.82, 5.90, 5.91, Clarke, Ann, flint knives: Angus cists 4.54–4.55, 4.58–4.59 early monastic centre 1.24 Cockenzie, East Lothian, salt pans 2.25 5.104 Clarke, Ciara, particle analysis, Longforgan Roman temporary c sculpture at 6.166 cockles, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.139 Dutch: copper/brass 3.190 camp 4.103 Close-Brooks, Joanna, Almondbank, Perthshire: finds 3.22, Codd, Hiram: bottle design 8.161 Dutch/Friesland: copper duit forgery 3.191 Clatchard Craig, Fife 4.146, 5.47 3.25–3.30, 3.31 coffin fittings 7.65 English gold ring 3.188 Clune Hill, Angus 4.107 Dunino, Fife 4.295, 4.296 Edward I 3.189, 3.193 hillfort 2.119 Clunie 4.139 Kinnoull Graveyard, Perth 4.291, 4.293–4.294 Edward II 3.193 Clatto Reservoir and water treatment works, Dundee 10.179 Clunie Castle, brooches 4.137 post-medieval graveyard excavations 4.291–4.292 Edward III 3.189 clay Clunie Field, Abernethy, cropmark site 10.73 copper-alloy, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.93 Elizabeth I 3.189, 3.190, 3.191 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.113 Clyde, River, metalwork deposits 7.9 iron Heneary III silver pennies 3.192–3.193 Arbroath High Street 5.55, 5.69 Clydesdale, A, Upper Gothens buckle 7.40 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.80, 2.94 Heneary VI silver half-groat 3.191 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.56, 7.68, 7.81 coal Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.132, 8.133, 8.134 James I 3.193 Carse of Gowrie, Perthshire 4.173, 4.174 and glasshouse heating 8.178 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.126, 10.130, Short Cross silver penny 3.192 fired and salt works 8.184–8.185 10.131 English/Scottish Abernethy 10.75 as fuel for pottery kilns 4.172 White Church, Comrie 7.121, 7.122, 7.123, 7.124, Charles I copper turner 5.90, 5.104 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.132 sources for Cupar brickworks 2.27, 2.28, 2.40 7.125–7.126 Charles I turner/bodle 7.124, 7.125, 7.127 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.92 trade in 4.268 coffin furniture 6.82 Charles II copper, Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.81 loomweight 5.112 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.83 post-medieval graveyard excavations 4.291–4.292 Charles II copper bodle 5.91, 5.104 sources for pottery industry 4.171–4.172, 4.175, 4.176 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.125 coffins James I/VI/Charles I 3.190 Arbroath High Street 5.55 French 24 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 25

copper double tournois 3.193 Connachan Farm see Loch Luig Forgan, St Fillanʼs Churchʼ3.191, 3.198, 3.199 and Clova, Angus 7.137 copper double tournois (possibly Louis XIII) 7.98, Connelly, Peter 3.61 Leslie, Fife 4.294–4.296, 4.295 Coshieville 5.126 7.99, 7.101 Conolly, Richard Lindores Abbey, Fife 3.189, 3.195, 3.197, 3.199, 3.200 Cossans, Angus, sculpture at 6.158 Ecu au Soleil 3.190 Abernethy, Perthshire, Primary School: stone surfaces and Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.129–10.130, Cottown, Carse of Gowrie 4.173 jetton 2.79, 2.80, 2.102, 2.103 structures 10.73–10.83 10.129 Council for British Archaeology 7.130 Louvain silver tourelle 2.79, 2.103 ʻsouthern Pictlandʼ souterrains 8.77–8.80 Old Higham, Fife 3.189, 3.199 Council for Scottish Archaeology 7.130, 7.131 miscellaneous Conqueror, George 8.147 Perth 4.159 counters 19th-century, possible: Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Constantin son of Uurguist 4.138, 4.140, 4.141 Cromwellʼs citadel 8.154, 8.156–8.159, 8.157, 8.160, bone 2.99 Church 10.130 Constantine I 7.93 8.164–8.165 ceramic 1.66, 2.101–2.102 Antwerp coin weights 3.193 Constantine, King 1.25 High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.98–6.99, 6.99 gaming counter (vessel lid) 6.48, 6.56, 6.57 Brabantine silver: Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.79, Constantineʼs Cave, Fife 7.93, 8.114, 8.121 Kinnoull Graveyard 4.292, 4.293–4.294, 4.293 Coupar, William (Burgh Treasurer, Dunfermline) 2.70, 2.107– 2.102, 2.103 Roman finds 2.119, 2.125 Meal Vennel 2.95 2.108, 2.110 Francis and Mary billon Hardhead 3.191 contour survey, Edzell Old Church, Angus: burial ground 6.149– Salvation Army Citadel 9.79, 9.83 Coupar Angus, Cistercian Order 4.167, 4.181, 10.92 in post-medieval graves 4.297 6.150, 6.149 St Andrews Court Cave, East Wemyss 8.112, 8.113, 8.120, 8.121, 8.122 silver sterling imitation of Gaucher de Chatillon 3.193 Convention of Royal Burghs 3.119–3.121, 4.264 Byre Theatre 7.63, 7.64 Courthill, Dalry, Ayrshire, medieval hall 10.115 Roman 2.119, 4.297 Cook, Capt. James 8.186 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity 3.157, 3.157, Covenanters 4.266 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.63 cooking pots 8.39 3.158 Coventinaʼs Well, Northumberland 2.117 denarii 8.97 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.59, 7.60 St Nicholas Farm 1.58, 1.63–1.64, 1.65, 5.92, 5.93 Coventry Museums, leather footwear 2.103 Hurly Hawkin 9.25 ceramic 5.98 South Street 6.120, 6.123, 6.124 Covesea, Moray 8.93 Inchyra hoard 2.118, 2.118 with no handles (Borders) 2.127 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.90, 8.91, 8.93–8.94, 8.98 Sculptorʼs Cave 2.119 Scottish with two handles (Fife) 2.127 Tarvit to Balmullo pipeline cremation burial 7.31 Cow Castle, ring-ditch site 4.125 17th-century turner/bodle (possible) 5.91, 5.93, 5.104 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.88, 2.89, 2.90 see also awls; belt fittings; brooches; buckle frames; buckle Cowdenbeath, Fife, extractive workings 1.76, 1.84 James I 3.191, 4.23 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129 plate; buckles; buttons; chapes; coffin fittings; coins; Cowdenhill, West Lothian, Food Vessels 4.52, 10.40 James IV 3.189, 3.191, 3.193, 4.156 Arbroath High Street 5.58, 5.61 cufflinks; dies; dress accessories/fittings; ear scoops; Cowie, Kincardineshire, aumbry 9.106 James IV billon penny 7.98, 7.99, 7.101, 10.147 Colstoun, East Lothian 4.84 eyelets; ferrule; heraldic disc; horse fittings/equipment; Cowie, Stirling, souterrain 9.30 James V 3.193 in Fife 2.127, 4.84, 5.97 horse harnesses; keys; lace ends; lace tags; mounts; Cowie, Trevor James VI 3.189, 3.191 , Roxburghshire 4.83 nails; nails/tacks; needles; padlocks; pendant loop/mount; Bronze Age metalwork from Kinnoull, Perth 3.58–3.60 Robert III silver half-groat 2.102, 2.103 Lothian 2.127 pendants; pins; rings; rivet/nail; seal matrices; seals; (et al.): Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard, Perthshire silver halfpenny, Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.79, 9.84 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.44 spectacles; strap fittings; tweezers; vessels, handled; wire 2.60–2.69 see also tokens medieval, Inchture 10.88 rings Late Bronze Age metalwork 7.1–7.15 Coke, William, executed for witchcraft 9.125–9.126 North European Earthenwares, Dundee 9.92 copper ores, Bronze Age exploitation 7.5 prehistoric burials from Angus 4.31, 4.60–4.66 coking industry 2.24 St Andrews, Church of the Holy Trinity cemetery 3.146– copper traces 6.91 Cowie Road, Bannockburn, Stirlingshire 8.47, 8.69 Colchester, Essex, Roman brooch types 2.115, 2.121 3.147, 3.156, 3.156 copperworking 3.57 Cowley, David C, Strathbraan, Perthshire: archaeological Cold War, ice houses as nuclear shelters 10.175 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.60, 1.62, 5.97 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.92, 6.93, 6.94, landscapes 3.161–3.175 Coldstream, Mr, of Crieff 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.7, 7.11 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.89 6.98, 6.101, 6.107 cowrie shells 10.34 Coleman, Russel Scottish White Gritty Ware, Dundee, Overgate 9.89, 9.90 Corbie, Angus 5.33 Cox, Adrian 5.106 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline excavations 2.70–2.112 Wemyss Caves 8.115 Corbie Hill, Dundee 4.179 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline: finds 2.91–2.98, 2.99–2.102, moated sites in Tayside and Fife 3.176–3.187 copper see spoon Corbie Knowe, Angus, round barrows 10.113 2.103, 2.106 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire: souterrain 8.77–8.101 copper-alloy objects 6.55 Corbie Psalter 4.134 agricultural drainage: water pipeline in Angus watching brief Coles, Geraint, Edinburgh University Centre for Field Archaeol- post-medieval dress accessories 2.52, 2.53, 2.54, 2.55, Corby Series soils 10.1 10.179–10.184 ogy (CFA) 5.28–5.35 2.56–2.58 cores 8.47 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire: finds 5.132–5.133 Collieʼs survey of Dundee (1851) 6.34, 6.35 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.116 flint Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire: artefacts 5.116–5.125 colluvium, Wemyss Caves shoreline 8.120, 8.122, 8.124 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.131, 3.132 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.1, 4.7, 4.8, 4.8, Arbroath, Marketgate/Ladybridge: finds 1.33 Colmeallie, Angus, recumbent stone circle 5.12–5.15, 5.14, Arbroath High Street 5.55, 5.61–5.63, 5.62 4.9, 4.11, 4.13, 4.14 Arbroath High Street: artefacts 5.61–5.64 5.15, 5.20 Ardross, Fife 3.194, 3.199–3.200 Forgan smithy, Fife 4.94 Byre Theatre, St Andrews: artefacts 7.63–7.69 Colstoun, East Lothian, pottery kilns 2.40, 2.127, 4.84, 4.170, Ballinbreich Castle, Fife 3.190, 3.195, 3.196–3.197, 3.200– Morton, Fife 4.95 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews: artefacts 3.157– 4.176, 5.76, 5.97 3.201 Nethermuir 8.6, 8.8 3.158 Coltness, Lanarkshire 8.172 Balmerino Abbey, Fife 3.191, 3.202 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.92, 8.94 Comrie White Church: artefacts 7.123–7.127 Columba, Saint 6.174, 8.114, 9.103, 10.119 Balmullo, Fife 3.191, 3.195, 3.198 Upper Gothens 8.4 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth: artefacts 8.156–8.161 Life of St Columba (Adomnan) 4.140, 6.174, 6.179 Comrie White Church 7.123, 7.124 corn dryers/corn-drying kilns Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery): artefacts 6.82– relics 4.141, 4.142, 6.164, 6.175, 6.178 Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard, Perthshire 2.62 see kilns 6.83 Colvile, James 5.75 Culross Palace, Fife 4.223–4.224 corn mills see mills, corn Dundee (Murraygate): artefacts 6.53–6.58 Colville, William, Commendator 4.202 Cupar, Fife 3.192, 3.197, 3.198, 5.82 Cornfoot, Janet, executed for witchcraft 9.126 Dunino churchyard, Fife: finds 8.133–8.134 Comerton Home, Fife, cropmarks 4.68 St Christopherʼs Churchʼ5.82 Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard, Amulree, Perthshire Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee: artefacts 4.192– Commonwealth War Graves Commission 7.132 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.76, 6.82 2.60–2.69, 2.61, 7.12 4.193 Comrie Colliery, Fife 1.81 Dunfermline, Abbotʼs House 2.76, 2.85, 2.91–2.94, 2.95 Corser, Peter, moated sites 3.176 ice houses: Perth and Kineaross/Fife 10.167–10.176 Comrie, Perthshire 6.169, 6.170, 6.180 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.133, 8.134 Cortachy, Angus 4.166 Kineaross House: walled garden 8.169–8.181 socketed axehead 7.12 east Fife, medieval metalwork finds 3.194 Parish Church: sacrament house 9.103–9.111, 9.103, 9.104, Maryton Law prehistoric mound: artefacts 4.27–4.28 White Church excavation 7.118, 7.119–7.128, 7.120, 7.122 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.104 9.110 medieval metalwork finds from East Fife 3.188–3.203 see also Drumlanearig Fletcherfield souterrain 8.108 Cortachy Castle, Angus 9.103 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church: artefacts 10.129– 26 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 27

10.130 7.107, 7.108 sword re-identification 7.1, 7.3–7.5, 7.4, 7.12 Fletcherfield, Strathmore, Angus: souterrain 8.103 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building): artefacts 6.98– 7.102, 7.106 Crieff Burgh Cross: cultural biography 6.154, 6.155–6.188 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.78, 3.79, 3.80, 3.80, 6.101 Nethergate 7.95, 7.96, 7.97, 7.98, 7.100–7.102, 7.104– art-historical context 6.155–6.168, 6.156–6.157, 6.159– 3.91 post-medieval dress accessories 2.52–2.59 7.105, 7.106, 7.107, 7.113, 7.115 6.160 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.15, 9.17, 9.21, 9.29, post-medieval graveyard excavations 4.289–4.299 nunnery, alleged 7.105 conservation 6.183 9.30, 9.31 St Andrews (South Street): artefacts 6.120, 6.123–6.125 Pottergate 7.104 cross-head 6.157, 6.161–6.163, 6.162 Kingsbarns Castle 7.17 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar: finds 5.75, 5.82–5.84 priory/chapel site, alleged 7.105–7.106 geology 6.168–6.169 Kirkton, Fife 4.67, 4.69, 4.77, 4.96, 7.31 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews: finds 1.63–1.66, 1.73–1.74 Rude Well 7.106 inscribed panel 6.155, 6.166–6.168, 6.167 Leuchars, Fife 3.74, 4.68, 4.69, 4.96 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth: artefacts 9.83–9.84 Rumford 7.95, 7.96, 7.97, 7.100, 7.102, 7.103, 7.104, 7.107, Mercat Cross and punishment post 6.180–6.182 Longforgan, Dundee, Roman temporary camp 4.99, 4.103 Tolbooth Wynd, Anstruther 3.119–3.142 7.113 placenames 6.169–6.174, 6.175, 6.176 Lunan valley 5.28 crab apple remains, Dubton Farm, Angus 8.24, 8.51, 8.52, 8.53, St Maryʼs Church 7.105, 7.108 vine-scroll 6.155, 6.157–6.158, 6.161, 6.162, 6.163–6.166, Mains of Careston, Careston, Angus 4.40 8.61 pottery deposition 9.93 6.163 Mains of Edzell, Angus 5.30, 5.31 crafts see industries and crafts; trades Shoregate 7.96, 7.97, 7.102, 7.103–7.104 Crimean War 6.219, 6.221 Milton of Rattray, Blairgowrie 6.8, 6.9–6.11 Cragganester, Loch Tay, earthen enclosure dyke 5.139–5.145, Tolbooth 7.106 Croft Moraig (Croftmoraig), Perthshire Myrehead, Falkirk: enclosure 7.7 5.140 Tolbooth Wynd 7.96, 7.97, 7.102, 7.104 Octagon summerhouse 6.4, 6.4 Newbarns, Angus 10.95–10.118, 10.96 Craggie Farm, Nairn, axe-head find spot 5.3 Westgate 7.96, 7.97, 7.99, 7.102, 7.104, 7.106, 7.107–7.108 stone circle 5.12, 6.1–6.7, 6.1–6.5 Newbarns Farm, Angus 5.32 Craggish House, Comrie, Perthshire, pit-defined cursus 6.15 see also Constantineʼs Cave; Kingʼs Mills; Kingsbarns Law timber circle 10.19 North Scotstarvit, Fife 4.68 Craig of Shanno, Angus 5.15, 5.21n2 Crail Golfing Society 4.1 Cromarty Museum, Russian lead seals 6.213, 6.220 North Straiton, Fife 2.45–2.51, 2.48 Craigarnhall, Roman camp 4.99 Crambeth, Matthew, bishop of Dunkeld: seal 5.150–5.151, Crombie churchyard, Fife 7.131 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.79 Craigend Farm, Arbirlot, Angus, cup-and-ring marks 1.13, 1.13 5.151 Cromwell, Oliver 6.71 South Friarton 3.113, 4.68 Craighall, near Edinburgh 8.170 Cramond Island, Firth of Forth 3.207, 3.210, 3.214 Cromwell, Thomas G 6.72 Strathburn, Fife 4.68 Craighead Golf Course, Fife Ness: Mesolithic site 4.1–4.19, Cramond village, Midlothian 3.207 Cromwellʼs citadel, South Inch, Perthʼ8.145–8.167, 8.146– Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.27, 7.32 4.2–4.4, 4.18 Cramonds of Auldbar 10.136 8.148, 8.151–8.153 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.34, 7.43 Craighill, Angus, 5.43 Crawford, Clydesdale, medieval boundaries 4.232 later use of site 8.149 Wormit, Fife 4.68, 4.69, 4.96 Craigie, Dundee, cist burial 7.20 Crawford, Earls of, and Edzell 6.138, 6.140, 6.150 phases of activity 8.150–8.155 Cross, J F, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews: human remains Craigie Burn, Perth 8.149 Crawford, O G S 6.157 re–use of stone from 8.147 1.73–1.74 Craigie Hill, Fife Crawfordʼs maps 4.181, 6.77 Crone, Anne cross-slabs 1991 excavations 3.61–3.73, 3.62, 3.63, 3.64, 3.65, 3.67, Creich, Fife 7.131 Brechin, Angus, Nos 68–74 High Street, early timber-frame Aberlemno 1.8, 5.47 3.72–3.73, 3.74 cremation burials roof 10.153–10.165 Kirkhill, St Andrews: shrine 1.23 timbered structure 3.66 Bronze Age cists 10.49 medieval carved wooden panels (Perth Museum) 6.189– Meigle collection 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.7, 1.8 Craiglee, Glen Isla, Angus, cup-markings 1.16 copper-alloy awls in 4.75 6.199 St Vigeans 1.5 Craigʼs Quarry, East Lothian, Prehistoric pottery 9.24 Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Angus 4.33–4.34 wooden objects, Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.70–7.71 Woodwray 1.8, 1.9n4 Crail, Fife 7.94 Carse Farm 1 3.52 Croome Court, Hereford and Worcester: ice house 10.175 burgh morphology 7.102–7.105, 7.103 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.109 cropmark enclosures 8.16, 8.17–8.18 shrine: Kirkhill, St Andrews 1.23 fishing industry 6.130 Holly Road, Leven: early Bronze Age cemetery 10.24, 10.25, Douglasmuir, Angus 8.16 see also Crieff Burgh Cross herring fishing 7.74, 7.93, 7.95, 7.105 10.28, 10.32, 10.44–10.45, 10.48, 10.53 West Mains, Angus 6.19–6.25 Crossnacreery, Co Down, stone lamp 5.47 main drainage pipe scheme 7.96 Kirkton Bronze Age cemetery 4.69–4.70, 4.71–4.73, 4.77, see also Hawkhill, Angus; Mains of Edzell, Angus Crossraguel Abbey, Ayrshire, abbotʼs residence 2.109 medieval and post-medieval burgh deposits 7.93–7.109, 4.78 cropmark sites Crowe, Anna (poet) 4.247 7.100, 7.101 Loanleven, Perthshire: cist 3.33 Abernethy, Perthshire 10.73, 10.83 Crowley, Naomi recorded interventions/discoveries 7.107–7.108 Murton, Forfar, Angus 4.44 Carse of Gowrie 10.62, 10.83, 10.92 building materials: Culross Palace, Fife 4.226 recorded structures/sites 7.105–7.107 Noranbank, Tannadice, Angus 4.38 Carsie Mains 10.1, 10.22 pottery: Culross Palace, Fife 4.224 Russian lead seals 6.213 Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.27, 7.31 Holly Road, Leven, vicinity of 10.23 crucibles 8.84, 8.88, 8.91, 8.92, 8.94 Baptism/Scholarʼs Well 7.106 Westhaugh of Tulliemet cists 3.35, 3.36, 3.37 cropmarks 5.46 ceramic, Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.101 Briery Well 7.106 cremation evidence, Almondbank short-cists 3.33 and souterrains 8.79, 9.30 cruck construction Castle 7.105 cremation pit, Midtown of Pitglassie: Neolithic site 8.47 cursus sites 6.12, 6.15, 6.16 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.129, 5.135 Castle Street 7.96, 7.100, 7.102 Cressey, Michael moated sites 3.176, 3.185, 3.186 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.110, 5.112, 5.134–5.135 Castle Walk 7.102 Dubton farm, Angus: charcoal 8.49–8.51 pit-type, Castle Menzies Neolithic enclosure 8.11 of halls 10.115 churchyard 7.129, 7.130 Inchture marine shell radiocarbon determinations 9.3–9.5 Angus field study area 5.29, 5.30–5.34 in Perthshire 5.134 Dovecot 7.106 Ironshill East enclosure: wood charcoal 9.28–9.29 Ballinbreich Castle, Fife 3.190 Cruden, Stuart 6.3 Downieʼs Terrace 7.97, 7.102 Mains of Edzell enclosure: carbonised plant macrofossils Carse of Gowrie 4.173, 4.174, 4.176 Crudwell, Wiltshire, axeheads 5.3 harbour 7.106–7.107 9.45–9.49, 9.52 Castle Menzies enclosure, Perthshire 8.11, 8.12, 8.17, 8.18 crusades: leprosy brought to Britain 1.48 High Street 7.95, 7.96, 7.97, 7.102, 7.103, 7.104 Newbarns, Angus: plant macrofossils, carbonised 10.108– Comerton Home, Fife 4.68 cufflinks, copper-alloy the Maltings 7.107 10.113 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.61–3.63, 3.64, 3.65, 3.69, 3.70, 3.71 Leslie, Fife 4.292, 4.297 King Street 7.101, 7.102, 7.107 Crichton (Crichtone), Thomas, armorial decorated stone 7.129, Dubton Farm, Angus: Neolithic/Iron Age 8.19, 8.29, 8.76 Paisley 2.52, 2.53, 2.56 Kingʼs Muir 1.58 7.130 Dun Knock, Dunning 10.65, 10.66, 10.70 Cul na Muice, Vallay, N Uist 8.93 Kingsmill 7.95, 7.107 Crieff, Perthshire Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.74, 3.75, 3.77, 3.78–3.80, 3.79, 3.82, Culbin Sands, Moray 8.93, 9.60 Kirk Wynd 7.97, 7.104, 7.106 cattle market 6.181 3.113, 3.118 Culdee monks, of St Andrews 1.23, 1.25, 1.26, 1.48–1.50 Kirk Wynd Pumping Station 7.97, 7.102 Knock of Crieff 7.12 Edenwood, Fife, Roman camp 4.90 Culduthel, Inverness Kirkwynd Hall 7.95, 7.107 St Michaelʼs Parish Church 6.174–6.175 Fife, north 3.113 beads 3.32 Marketgate 7.95, 7.96, 7.97, 7.102, 7.103, 7.104, 7.106, sewage from 7.134, 7.137 Fife water pipeline 4.96 bronze awl 3.31 28 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 29

Culhawk Hill, Angus Robert Douglas 6.229 Fife boundary charters 4.236 Dennison, E Patricia, Dundee, Murraygate (Nos 72–8) 6.33– plant remains 9.28, 9.49 Russian lead seals 6.213, 6.222 Perth mirror-case 4.157–4.158, 4.160 6.37 ring-ditch house 4.106–4.128, 4.107, 4.108, 4.110, 4.111, Uthrogle: early 19th-century racecourse stand 5.163–5.169, Turin Hill fort 1.8 Denoon Law, Glamis 5.46 9.61, 10.114 5.164, 5.165, 5.166–5.168 see also dendrochronology; radiocarbon dating; tree-ring Dens Burn, Dundee 4.179, 4.181, 4.183 Cullen, Banffshire, sculpture 9.106 see also St Christopherʼs Parish Church dating deposition Cullen, Irene, iron working: Culross Palace, Fife 4.226–4.227 Cupar Muir, Fife 7.32 daub, burnt, Inchture 10.87, 10.88, 10.89, 10.91 Beckton Farm, Dumfries and Galloway 8.70 Cullykhan, Banffshire, Redware pottery 4.176 plate-and-fantail brooch 2.116, 2.117 David, 7th Earl of Airlie 9.103 of Bronze Age metalwork 7.5 Culross, Fife 2.1, 2.3, 2.4, 8.182, 8.183, 8.187 cups, bronze, Glentanar hoard, Aberdeenshire 2.65 David, 3.188, 6.33, 6.34, 6.71 Inchtuthil Bronze Age axe 10.55 Abbey 2.3, 4.202 Curle, Mrs C L 6.157–6.158, 6.159, 6.163 David I, King 4.233, 5.151, 6.87, 6.109, 7.95, 7.113 Late Bronze Age logboat, Carpow (possible) 10.62 Abbey House 8.184 Curriestanes, Dumfriesshire, cropmark cursus site 6.15 burgh of Montrose 1.36 Late Bronze Age metalwork 10.62 coal and salt works 8.184–8.185 cursus monuments, pit-defined, Tayside 6.9, 6.10, 6.12–6.16, Culdees of St Andrews 1.26 lithics 8.7 early burgh 4.202 6.12–6.14 and Dunfermline Abbey 2.72, 2.73 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.48–8.49, 8.70 salt pans 2.23, 2.25, 4.202, 4.226, 4.228, 4.229, 8.182, ʻcursusʼ-type monuments 8.16, 8.17, 8.18 and 3.119, 3.193 of metalwork in wet locations 7.7, 7.8, 7.9, 7.10 8.184, 8.187 Cyderhall, Sutherland, souterrain 8.68, 8.71, 8.86 Kinnear estate, Fife 3.112 of pebbles 9.70–9.71 Culross Palace, Fife 4.202–4.231, 4.203, 4.204, 4.206 and medieval Perth 9.75 desk–based assessment, ice houses 10.167–10.176 courtyard 4.205, 4.206–4.219, 4.208, 4.209, 4.212, 4.214, d David II, King 3.193, 4.173, 6.139, 7.114 Deskford, Banffshire, sculpture 9.106 4.218, 4.227, 4.228, 4.231 Dagenham Reach, Essex 8.184 David, Saint 6.180 Devensian stage 4.109 Culter, Clydesdale, medieval motte 4.24 daggers, bronze, Dalgety Bay, Fife 3.13–3.15, 3.14, 3.16, Davidson, Peter 4.152 Devon, River 7.139 Cultoquhey, Perthshire, chambered cairn 6.2 3.17, 3.19, 3.20, 3.21 Davidson, Prof. Donald 10.2, 10.9 socketed axeheads 7.5 Cultoquhey Burn, Perthshire 7.137 Dairsie, Fife 7.131 Davis, Colin, geophysical survey, Hawkhill cropmark enclosure Devonian Cultoquhey quarry, Perthshire 6.169 barbed-and-tanged arrowheads 4.74 9.56 Dunning area 10.66, 10.68, 10.70 Cults Burn, Fife 4.67, 4.69 Dairsie Castle, Fife 4.226 Davis, Mary Melgund Castle area 10.135 Cults Hill, eastern Fife, lime–extraction 1.82, 1.83 dairy industry, and ice houses 10.168 Almondbank, Perthshire: finds 3.22, 3.30–3.31 Devonshaw, Fife culverts dairy/byre, Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.113 jewellery analysis 4.34 socketed axeheads 7.5 stone 6.48, 6.76, 6.77 Dalgety, Fife, St Bridgetʼs 7.130 Dawson, Susan, Inchture marine shell radiocarbon determina- The Loups: extractive workings 1.81 stone-lined 10.174, 10.182–10.183 Dalgety Bay, Fife tions 9.3–9.5 tile works 1.84 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.83, 2.85, 2.86, 2.87 Food Vessel 3.4 Day, Robert, Collection 3.59 Dick, Sir Alexander, of Prestonfield 7.8 Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.110, 7.113 short-cists 3.1, 3.2, 3.9, 3.10–3.19, 3.10, 3.12–3.15, 3.18, de Bernham, David, Bishop of St Andrews 3.192, 5.72 Dick, Alison, executed for witchcraft 9.125–9.126 White Church, Comrie 7.120, 7.121 3.20, 3.21, 3.32 Dean Water, near Harryhill, Angus, field drainage 10.183 Dick, Archie Cuninghar, The, Tillicoultry, Clacks 10.34 see also Barns Farm Deane, Richard, Perth citadel 8.145 Fletcherfield, Strathmore souterrain 8.103–8.109 cup marks Dalgineaross, Perthshire Declaration of Arbroath 4.266 Shanzie Farm souterrain 8.77 Angus 1.11–1.22, 5.7, 5.8 Roman Camp 7.119 Dee, River 8.61, 8.94 Dickson, Camilla, palaeobotanical analysis 3.39, 3.107–3.111 Ben Lawers 9.6, 9.7, 9.8–9.9, 9.8, 9.10, 9.11, 9.12 Roman stone 8.93 Dee Valley Neolithic industries 8.48 dies 4.159 Carse Farm 1 excavation 3.49–3.51 Dalhousie, Earls of 6.138 deer 8.119 bone 3.202 Croft Moraig, Perthshire 5.12 Dalhousie Estates 9.97 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.49 copper-alloy 3.191, 3.202 Ledmore, Angus: metalworkerʼs mould 3.55 Dalladies, Aberdeenshire 8.94 deer bones 7.8 diet see food and diet St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.81, 5.85 flint knife 10.33 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.103, 2.104 Dirleton Castle, circular dovecot 10.150 souterrains 8.108 long barrow 3.33, 8.16 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.137, 3.138 discs Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.161 quern 8.42 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.72 bone 2.54 Turin Hill, Angus 5.44, 5.47 souterrains 8.79, 8.86, 8.98, 10.80, 10.81, 10.83 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.157 perforated slate, St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75 Westerton, Angus: standing stone 4.56 timber structures 8.71, 8.72 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.193 stone 6.48, 6.56, 6.57, 6.100 cup-and-ring marks 6.4 Dalland, Magnar St Andrews (South Street) 6.126 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.119, 5.120, 5.126 Angus 1.11–1.22, 5.8, 5.10 Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.20–4.30 see also antler; red deer bones; roe deer bones cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.157, Ben Lawers 9.6, 9.7, 9.9–9.10, 9.11, 9.12 Mesolithic site: Craighead Golf Course, Fife Ness 4.1–4.19 Deerʼs Den, Aberdeenshire 8.48, 10.114 3.158 Dalgety Bay, Fife: short-cist 3.12–3.13, 3.13, 3.14, 3.15 Dalmarnock, Little Dunkeld 4.140 Defence of the Realm Act (1915) 8.122 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.102 Mains of Balgavies, Angus 4.56 Dalmeny, West Lothian, church 5.82 Defoe, Daniel, Scottish tour 8.170, 8.176 disease Ruthven souterrain 5.23, 5.25, 5.26–5.27, 5.26 Dalnaglar, Perthshire 9.60 Delvine, Perthshire, socketed axe 7.8 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.79–6.81 souterrains 8.108 Danesʼ Dyke, Fife 7.93 Den Burn, Crail 7.93, 7.97 evidence from cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Turin Hill, Angus 5.44 Danzig (Gdansk) 6.194, 6.204 Den of Dunino, Fife 8.125 Andrews 3.145, 3.155, 3.160 Wemyss Caves 8.112, 8.121 Darby, Abraham, three-legged iron pots 5.118–5.119 dendrochronology tuberculosis 4.52 Cupar, Fife Darien, clay pipe 10.149 Brechin, Nos 68–74 High Street (timber roof) 10.155, see also pathology 19th-century vernacular pottery manufacture 2.27–2.41, Darry Island, Perthshire 7.8 10.159–10.162, 10.162, 10.165 Dishington, Sir Thomas 3.194 2.29 Darwood, Alex, apotropaic markings/spiritual middens, Carpow logboat 10.59 Dishington, Sir William 3.193 animal footrest 2.99 Anstruther 9.125–9.128 Granary, Elie Harbour, Fife 8.191–8.198 distaff and spindle, in Angus 5.119 brick and tile works 2.27–2.29, 2.30, 2.34–2.37, 2.39, 2.41 dating of oak timbers (St Andrews) 6.201–6.210 ditches Fife water pipeline 4.67, 4.68 Beaker: White Cairn, Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.45–3.46 wooden panels, medieval (Perth Museum) 6.193–6.195 and agricultural drainage 10.180 headstud brooch 2.115, 2.115, 2.116 of circular homesteads 5.47 Denmark 6.130, 6.203, 6.205 curvilinear (C-shaped): Newbarns, Angus 10.95, 10.100– medieval metalwork finds 3.188, 3.191–3.193, 3.192, 3.194– cup/cup-and-ring markings in Angus 1.16–1.17 flint axe-heads 5.4–5.5 10.102, 10.103, 10.107, 10.113, 10.114 3.195, 3.197, 3.198 early medieval towers 1.25 timber trade 8.197, 10.160, 10.161 Edenwood, Fife: Roman camp 4.90, 4.91, 4.92 Presbytery of 9.125 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.106 Denmylne Castle, NE Fife 4.146 Forgan Smithy, Fife 4.95 30 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 31

post-Improvement (possible boundary), Holly Road, Leven , Perthshire 4.139 Drylawhill, East Lothian, cropmark cursus site 6.15 deep soil formation 7.90 10.24, 10.26, 10.32 Dowe, Rev John, ʻRomanʼ weapon account 7.1–7.2, 7.4, 7.5, Duallin farm 9.8 fire of 1841 6.71, 6.84 Salvation Army Citadel, South Street, Perth 9.78 7.7, 7.8, 7.11 Dublin, Ireland internal trade 4.268 see also Dunlappie Parish Church; enclosures (Holly Road Dowellʼs Auctioneers Limited 7.12 medieval buildings 6.91, 6.93 medieval development 4.179–4.181, 4.182, 4.199 cemetery, Leven); Hawkhill, Angus (cropmark enclosure); Downham, Clare, St Andrews Cathedral Graveyard Survey medieval mint 3.189 medieval pottery 4.172, 4.176, 5.61 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure; ring ditches 4.250, 4.254 National Museum of Ireland 3.58 see also pottery (medieval) Dixon, Dianne, geology: Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.119 drains/drainage see also Book of Kells medieval trade 5.151 documentary sources Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.86–2.87, 2.86 Dubton, Brechin Redware pottery see pottery (medieval) medieval boundaries 4.232 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn 5.135 cereal remains 9.28 rock carvings 1.17 Scottish medieval pottery industry 4.172–4.173, 4.174, 4.177 ceramic tile/pipes 10.179, 10.180, 10.181, 10.182, 10.183 prehistoric structures 10.91 and massacre of 1651 6.71, 6.84 see also boundary charters Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard 2.60, 2.69 Dubton Farm, Brechin, Angus, Neolithic pits/Iron Age taxation 4.265 dog bones deep 10.180–10.181 souterrains 8.19–8.76, 8.20, 8.23, 8.24, 8.25, 8.32, 8.33, water pipe, Hallyards 3.181 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.84, 2.103 field systems 10.179–10.184, 10.182 9.31, 9.61, 9.70 wooden houses (modern period) 6.35–6.36, 6.36 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.138, 3.139, 3.140 mole drainage 10.181, 10.184 Duck, Dr R, St Andrews University 3.5, 3.6, 3.21 Caird Hall 4.181 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.71, 7.72, 7.73 plastic pipes 10.181, 10.183 Duddingston Loch, Edinburgh, metalwork finds 7.7–7.8 ferry road 3.190 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.156 plug 10.180 Duffy, Alan, charcoal identification: Culhawk Hill, Kirriemuir, Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate 4.179–4.201, 4.180, 4.183, Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.83 shallow 10.180, 10.181, 10.183 Angus 4.106 4.184, 4.186, 4.187, 6.59, 6.67, 9.90 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.185, 4.193, slate 10.181 Duffy, Paul, Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline, Fife 7.27–7.33 McManus Galleries 6.211, 8.142, 9.89 4.195, 4.196, 4.197–4.198 stone 10.179, 10.180 Dull, Perthshire Murraygate 5.69 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.102 stone-filled 10.178 sculpture 4.136 stone buildings 9.86 St Andrews (South Street) 6.118, 6.126, 6.127, 6.128, 6.133 stone-lined 10.180, 10.182–10.183 see also Carse Farm Murraygate (Nos 72–8) 6.32, 6.33–6.69 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.58, 1.67, 1.70, 1.71 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.127 Dulmernok, Kinclaven parish 4.140 historical development 6.33–6.37, 6.67 Star Garage, Montrose 1.44, 1.45 stone-lined box, Bessie Bar Hall, Culross, Fife 4.220, 4.221 Dumbarton Structure 1 (timber building) 6.37, 6.38, 6.40, 6.41 dogs Upper Gothens, Perthshire: field drainage 7.34, 7.38 fishing industry 6.130 Structure 2 (stone building) 6.39, 6.40, 6.41, 6.42, 6.43, meat 2.104 wood 10.179, 10.180, 10.181, 10.182, 10.183 High Street 5.69 6.44, 6.45, 6.48, 6.57, 6.66, 6.67 remains of, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.87 see also Melgund Castle Dumfries Structure 3 (timber building) 6.39, 6.40, 6.41, 6.42, 6.43– skins: trade in 1.45, 4.196 dredging, and metalwork finds 7.8, 7.9, 7.10 horse racing 5.163 6.45, 6.48, 6.66, 6.67 Dokkum, Netherlands, bone object (koot) 2.99 dress accessories/fittings Irish Street 4.199 Structure 4 (stone building) 6.42, 6.43, 6.43, 6.44, 6.45, Dollar, battle of 4.142 Abbotʼs House excavations, Dunfermlineʼ2.80 Dumglow, Fife, fort 1.76 6.48 dolls, in ʻspiritual middensʼ 9.124, 9.127 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.130 Dummiefarline, Fife, fort 1.76 Structure 5 (stone building) 6.40, 6.45, 6.46, 6.48, 6.49, dolphins, in Pictish art 7.45 Comrie White Church 7.123, 7.124 Dun, Angus 6.66 Dominican Friars from urban excavations 2.52–2.59 cropmark site 9.31 Structure 6 (stone building) 6.47, 6.48, 6.49, 6.58, 6.67 Montrose 6.28, 6.30 post-medieval burials 4.291, 4.292 cup-markings 1.14 Structure 7 6.49, 6.50, 6.67 Perth 6.197 see also buttons; cufflinks; eyelets; lace tags; pins; Dun Knock hillfort, Dunning, Perthshire: vitrified rocks 10.65– Structure 8 6.49, 6.50, 6.67 St Andrews 6.109, 6.125 spectacles; T-bar fitting; wire rings 10.72, 10.67–10.69, 10.71 Museum and Art Gallery 3.74, 4.33, 10.62 Donaldson, Colin H, Dun Knock hillfort, Dunning, Perthshire: drinks/drinking Dun Mor Vaul, Tiree 4.117 Nethergate 6.58, 6.59, 6.60 vitrified rocks 10.65–10.72 beer 4.89 Dun Vulan, S Uist 8.93 medieval cemetery, City Churches 6.70, 6.71–6.86 Donnelly, Mike pollen analysis: Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno 4.54, 4.64 Dunadd, Argyll, medieval pottery 8.141 defensive ditch 6.73–6.75, 6.73, 6.84 lithics: Forgan smithy, Fife 4.94–4.95 Driscoll, Stephen T, Pictish settlement: Easter Kinnear, NE Fife Dunagoil, Bute, Iron Age 8.93 pottery assemblage see pottery lithics: Kirkton, Fife: Bronze Age cemetery 4.73–4.74 3.74–3.118 Dunalistair Estate 5.107, 5.110 see also Greenʼs Playhouse (above) Doo/Dovecot Caves, Wemyss 8.111, 8.112, 8.121 Drostan Stone, St Vigeans 1.4, 1.6, 4.160 Dunbar, East Lothian ʻOur Lady Warkstairsʼ 6.36 Doon Hill, East Lothian 10.115 Drumderrach, Perthshire 8.97 Castle Park 4.194 Overgate 6.71, 6.83 enclosure 7.43 Drumlanearig, Comrie, Perthshire, Migdale axe find 10.56 early medieval cemetery 10.131 pottery assemblage see pottery Doonfoot, S Ayrshire, Food Vessels 10.40 Drummond Cross, Crieff 6.155, 6.175, 6.182 Iron Age stone features 10.81 Panmure Street (Nos 27–35) see Murraygate (above) Dornoch, Sutherland, Redware pottery 4.176 Drumoig, Fife see Craigie Hill early medieval period 4.271 Seagate 6.33, 6.84 Douglas, Earls of 9.103, 9.109 Drumturn Burn, Perthshire 3.167 Trinitarian friary church 6.125 Stannergate 6.60 Douglas burial enclosure, Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.125, 8.135 Drumtuthill, Dunfermline 4.140 see also North Belton Farm ʻWedderburnʼs Landʼ 9.93 Douglasmuir, Angus 5.33 dry-stone structures 5.47 Dunblane, Perthshire 6.169, 6.180 Wellgate shopping centreʼ6.37 cropmark enclosure 8.16 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.78 decorative stone panels 1.5 Yeaman Shoreʼ4.181–4.182 Neolithic enclosure 10.19 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.127, 5.129, 5.130, medieval diocese of 6.173, 6.174, 6.180 see also Clatto Reservoir pit-defined cursus 6.12, 6.15, 6.16 5.132, 5.134 tower 1.25, 6.180 Dundee Law 4.179, 4.199, 8.94, 9.25, 9.49 Prehistoric evidence 8.69, 8.70 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.109, 5.110, 5.112, Dunbog, Fife 7.131 Dundee Telegraph 9.65 ring-ditch houses 4.124–4.125, 5.46, 9.61, 10.105, 5.127 Duncan, Agnes 7.115 Dundee to Newtyle railway 10.183 10.114 for farm buildings 5.134 Duncan, earl of Fife 5.72, 5.74, 9.97 Dundonald, earls of 4.225, 4.230 Douglastown, Kinnettles, Angus 4.32, 4.38–4.40, 4.39, 4.40, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.91, 5.92, 5.93 Duncan, Heneary, Cupar brick manufacturing 2.29 see also Cochrane 4.62, 4.63, 4.64 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire, dry stone dyke 8.83, 8.98 Duncan II, King 5.146 Dundurn, Perthshire dovecotes (dovecots) 7.106, 8.112, 9.113, 9.122 , Ayrshire, cropmark cursus site 6.15 Duncrub, Perthshire 10.66 Pictish power centre 6.168 circular 10.150, 10.151 Dryburn Bridge, East Lothian lithic scatter 8.1, 8.2, 8.8, 8.9 Roman stone 8.93 see also Melgund Castle palisaded enclosure 9.30, 9.31 Dundee whetstone 3.102 Dow, Professor D R, human bone examination 4.38 ring-ditch house 4.125 19th-century industrialisation 4.181 Dunfermline, earls of 2.71 32 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 33

Dunfermline, Fife Edinburgh University Centre for Field Archaeology (CFA) East of Scotland Water 7.27 medieval features 10.89 Aberdour Road 3.39, 10.49, 10.50 5.28–5.35 East Wemyss, Fife Edinburgh University, Centre for Field Archaeology (CFA): coalfield 3.204–3.205 Inchture, Perthshire: prehistoric and medieval features churchyard 7.131 Angus and South Aberdeenshire 5.28–5.35, 5.36, 5.46 early history of abbey and burgh 2.71–2.73, 2.72, 2.75 10.91–10.92 see also Wemyss, Fife Ednie, Peterhead 9.29, 10.92 founding of burgh 7.95 Mains of Edzell/Hawkhill cropmark enclosures, Angus 9.35– Easter Auquharney, Aberdeenshire, axehead find spot 5.3 Edward, Alexander 8.170, 8.171, 8.175, 8.179, 8.180 Maygate 5.69 9.64 Easter Clunie, Abernethy, cropmark site 10.73 Edward I, King 6.71, 9.97 Museum 3.15 Dupplin Castle, Perthshire, ice house 10.170, 10.172, 10.173, Easter Craigduckie, Fife, brick and tile works 1.83 captures Cupar castle 3.192 Pittencrieff Park 2.70, 2.72, 2.73 10.175 Easter Denoon, Glamis, Angus, Neolithic carved stone 5.7, 5.8, coins 3.189, 3.193 Presbytery of 9.125 1.7 5.9, 5.10 sacking of Dunfermline Abbey 2.76, 2.109 Russian lead seals 6.213 and Crieff Burgh Cross 6.158, 6.161–6.162, 6.164, 6.165, Easter Essendy, Perthshire, cist burial 3.32 Edward II, King 3.193 see also Abbotʼs House, Maygate 6.166, 6.167, 6.168, 6.177, 6.182 Easter Friarton, Fife 3.65 Edward III, King 3.189 Dunfermline Abbey 2.70, 2.108 Dupplin Loch 10.172 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.61, 3.74–3.118, 3.75, 3.76, 3.77, 4.84, Edward, Rev R, map 9.97, 9.114 early history 2.72–2.73, 2.75 Dupplin Loch wood, ice house 10.169, 10.170 4.89, 7.23, 7.43 Edwards, D H 10.154 royal burials 2.99 Dupplin Moor, Battle of 7.113 1989 excavations 3.74, 3.75–3.76, 3.77, 3.79, 3.82–3.91, Edzell, Angus 6.138 sacked by Edward I 2.76, 2.109 Dürer, Albrecht 7.47 3.84, 3.88 Old Church 9.101 St Margaretʼs Shrine 2.110 engraving 7.70–7.71 metalwork 3.104, 3.105 clearance and survey 6.136, 6.137–6.153, 6.137, 6.151 Dunfermline Heritage Trust 2.70 Durham Dean and Chapter Muniments, seal matrix 5.146 querns 3.98–3.102, 3.106 sculpture at 6.138, 6.161 Dunino, Fife 7.131 Durie House, Fife, cist burial 10.23 stone objects 3.102–3.104 see also Dunlappie Parish Church; Mains of Edzell Church 4.290–4.291, 10.126 Durrow, Ireland, at 6.166 structures 3.80, 3.91 6.138, 6.139 Churchyard 7.131 Durward, Sir Alan 3.193 building G 3.82, 3.89–3.91, 3.90 Edzell, Mains of see Mains of Edzell excavation 4.289, 4.291, 4.292, 4.295, 4.296, 8.125– Dutch, Robert (grieve) 4.38 rectangular 3.78, 3.115 Eeles, F C (Victoria and Albert Museum) 4.150, 4.156 8.137, 8.126–8.128, 8.130, 8.131 dyeing see textiles scooped 3.83–3.88, 3.85, 3.86, 3.89, 3.91, 3.92, 3.98, Elcho, Perthshire 7.8, 7.10 Records of Heritors 8.125, 8.136–8.137 dyke, earthen enclosure, Cragganester, Loch Tay 5.139–5.145, 3.102, 3.106, 3.113, 3.114, 3.118 Cistercian nunnery 6.197 Dunkeld, Perthshire 4.137, 6.176, 7.134 5.141, 5.142 timber 3.89, 3.91 Elcho Castle, Perth and Kineaross, circular dovecot 10.150 early medieval period 4.138–4.139, 4.140, 4.141–4.142 Dykeheads, Roxburghshire 3.181 wattle/wattle and daub 3.83, 3.85, 3.87–3.89, 3.109, Elder, A (farmer) 4.45 gift of Meigle teinds to canons at 1.4 Dysart, Fife 3.110, 3.111, 3.113 elderberry remains 6.111, 6.131, 6.133 Holy Trinity 4.140, 4.141 parish church 6.138 see also plant remains Elgin, Moray Matthew Crambeth, bishop of 5.150–5.151 Russian lead seals 6.213 1990 excavations see Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife cattle and sheep remains 3.138 medieval diocese of 6.138, 6.170, 6.175 saltworks 2.23, 3.205–3.206 medieval boundaries 4.233, 4.235, 4.236, 4.236, 4.237, High Street 2.56, 2.57, 2.92, 5.69 St Columbaʼs relics 6.164 4.237, 4.238, 4.239, 4.239, 4.240, 4.245 Lesmurdie Road 10.50 sculpture at 1.5, 1.6, 4.137 e plant macrofossils 10.112 medieval pottery 2.127, 4.188 Viking attack on 4.138, 4.141, 4.142 Eames, Rachel see Benvie Easter Ross metalworking 5.69 water meadows 7.136 ear scoops soil survey 7.87 post-medieval dress accessories 2.52–2.57, 2.53, 2.55 Dunkeld Cathedral 6.195 bone, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.76, 2.95, 2.99, 2.100 water meadows 7.133 pottery 4.176, 9.89 construction 4.137 copper-alloy, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.99 Easterton, Aberdeenshire, Neolithic pottery 8.41 Elgin and Aylesbury, Earl of 4.202 early medieval development 4.138 Earlsferry, Fife 3.194, 7.93 Easterton of Argaty palisaded enclosure, Stirlingshire 9.24 Elie, Fife and 4.138 royal burgh 7.95 Easterton of Roseisle, Moray, prehistoric pottery 8.41 gravestone inscriptions 7.129 Dunkeld House 8.170 Earlshall, Tentsmuir Forest, Fife 8.139, 8.140, 8.142, 8.143 Easton, David, survival of industrial remains in Fife 1.76– Russian lead seals 6.213 Dunlappie Bridge, Edzell (previously Dalhousie Bridge) 9.97, Earn, River 6.168, 6.170, 6.176, 7.10, 7.127, 7.136, 10.59, 1.86 Elie Harbour, Fife: Granary and dendrochronology 8.190, 9.101 10.61, 10.62 Easton, Timothy 9.127 8.191–8.198, 8.191 Dunlappie Parish Church, Edzell, Angus 9.96, 9.97–9.102, 9.99 and agricultural drainage 10.180 Ecclesiological Societies, journals of 9.103 Elizabeth I, Queen, coins 3.189, 3.190, 3.191 bank and ditch 9.99, 9.100–9.101, 9.102 Earn Valley 8.8 Eddleston, Peebleshire 7.10 elk migration routes 4.17 enclosure 9.97, 9.98 earthworks 3.176 Eden, River 2.27, 2.37, 4.77, 5.75, 8.139 elk remains 7.8 Dunn, Andrew et al., Preston Island research and excavations see also moated sites Edenwood, Fife 4.77, 4.96 Elkington, Joseph 10.180, 10.181 2.1–2.26 earthworms 7.90 Fife water pipeline 4.67 Ellerburn, Co. Durham, sculpture at 6.164 , Angus Eassie Old Church, Angus 6.146, 6.150, 6.151 Roman marching camp 4.68, 4.69, 4.90–4.92, 4.91, 4.92 Elliot, Arbroath, promontory enclosure 9.61 cup-markings 1.11, 1.13, 1.15 East Campsie, Lintrathen, Angus 4.32, 4.49, 4.51, 4.54–4.55, Edgar the Atheling 2.71–2.72 Elliot, Sir Gilbert (third Baronet of Minto) 10.136 Girdle Stane 5.10 4.55, 4.59, 4.63, 4.65 Edinburgh Ellis, Clare, geology and soils, Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.106, glebe 7.136 East India Company 2.2, 8.184, 8.185 Dean Bridge 7.10 4.109, 4.113–4.116 Dunnideer, Aberdeenshire, recumbent stone circle 5.20 East Kinwhirrie, Kirriemuir, Angus 4.32 Duddingston Loch 7.7–7.8 Ellon, Aberdeenshire, beaker-associated cist 10.34 Dunning, Perthshire 6.169, 6.174, 8.2 see also Bell Hillock founding of burgh 7.95 elm charcoal, Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28 11th-century tower 1.25, 6.180 East Neuk, Fife Gilmerton, axehead find spot 5.3 elm remains, Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110, 3.111 church at 6.174, 6.176, 10.66 fishing industry 3.141 Moray House: terraced garden 8.172 Elmdon Hall, West Midlands, ice house 10.168 see also Dun Knock hillfort geology 3.119 Moredun: cist burial 7.20 Elphanstone, William, Breviarium Aberdonense 7.119 Dunning Parish Historical Society 5.75, 10.66 Inverdovat 7.93 Murrayfield, Food Vessel 3.31 Elphinstone, Sir James (later Lord Balmerino) 3.190 Dunearobin, Sutherland, axe-head find spot 5.3 milestones 6.228, 6.229–6.230 Royal Mile (High Street): Gladstoneʼs Land 4.271, 5.69 Ely Cathedral 5.156 Dunearod, Kirkcudbrightshire, moated site 3.182, 3.184 pantiles imported 3.135 Tron Church, post-medieval pottery 5.97 Embo, Sutherland, flint knife with Food Vessel 3.44 Dunsinane hillfort, Perthshire 1.13, 5.26 smuggling 3.128 see also Leith; museums (National Museums of Scotland) emmer wheat 9.49, 10.113 Duntarvie, Strowan, Perthshire 6.171, 6.172, 6.173 superstitions 9.126 Edinburgh Castle Dubton Farm, Angus 8.53, 8.60, 8.61 Dunwell, Andrew J see also Anstruther; Elie fort 2.116 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110 East Neuk Preservation Society 6.229 34 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 35

Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110 lithic assemblage 4.15 medieval carved wooden panels (Perth Museum) 6.189– figurine, ceramic, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.98 Inchture, Perthshire 10.89 pitted boundary 2.50 6.199 Finavon, Angus 6.140 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28, 9.31 Esky Loch, cropmarks 3.113 Fendoch Roman Fort, Perthshire 6.173 metalworking 8.94 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20, 7.23 Ethernan, Saint 6.174 Fendour, John (wright) 6.196 10.136 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.48 Etna Brickworks, Armadale 8.175 Fens of England, Dutch engineers and drainage 10.180 Finavon Hill, Angus emmer/spelt wheat Ewan, Saint 4.138 Fenton-Fyfe, Rev T 4.33 fort 1.7, 1.8, 5.36, 5.46, 5.47, 9.61 Abernethy School 10.79 Ewart, Gordon et al., Preston Island excavations 2.1–2.26 Ferguson, James, of Pitfour 8.183 cup/cup-and-ring marks 1.11, 1.12, 1.14, 1.15 Inchture, Perthshire 10.89 Ewart Park Ferguson, John, Cupar businessman 2.29 Findlater, Earl of 7.135 enclosure dyke, Cragganester, Loch Tay 5.139–5.145, metalworking phase 2.66, 3.60 Ferniehall Cottage, Fife 7.27 Fingask, Perthshire, probable souterrain 10.73 5.141, 5.142 swords 7.3 ferrule, copper-alloy 1.63 Finlarig power station 9.7 enclosures Eweford Farm, Dunbar, East Lothian, flint knife in cist 3.44 fertilisers, lime as 5.113, 5.131, 5.133 Finlay, David 7.18 C-shaped: Newbarns, Angus see ditches (curvilinear) ewer, medieval bronze tripod, Arbroath 4.267, 4.272, 4.279– Fettercairn, Kincardineshire 9.61 Finlayson, Bill, Edinburgh University Centre for Field cropmark see Hawkhill, Angus; Mains of Edzell; Myrehead; 4.281 Fetterdale, Tentsmuir Forest, Fife 8.140 Archaeology (CFA) 5.28–5.35 West Mains, Lunan Bay Exchequer Rolls 4.172, 7.74 feudal systems of land tenure, and moated sites 3.176, 3.180 fire bricks, Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.125 ʻcurvilinearʼ 7.34, 7.43 Exeter, medieval metalwork finds 3.195, 3.199 field banks fire-pits, Dubton Farm, Angus 8.21, 8.28 ditched, Inchtuthil Roman fort 10.55 extractive industries Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.166 fired clay see clay, fired fenced or palisaded, possible: Inchture 10.87 Fife 1.76–1.86 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.162 firedamp explosion, Preston Island 2.1, 2.2 multiple-ditched 9.61 Gazetteer 1.86 field boundary fireplaces see also Mains of Edzell see also coal mining; ironstone mines; limestone Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.19 Anstruther, 21 Shore Street 9.124, 9.125, 9.128 palisaded see palisaded enclosures eyelets, copper-alloy 2.52, 2.55, 2.58, 4.292, 4.293, 4.294 Shanzie Farm 8.79, 8.98 South Leckaway early farmhouse 9.115, 9.118, 9.119, sub-rectangular 9.61 Eyemouth, Berwickshire, fortifications 8.151, 8.164 field clearance stones, West Grange of Conon 9.69 9.121, 9.122 Newbarns, Angus 10.95, 10.105, 10.106, 10.107, 10.113, field drainage, Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.34, 7.38 see also Melgund Castle 10.115 f field names First Farmers Project 8.1, 10.1 Castle Menzies, Perthshire, Neolithic 8.10, 8.11–8.18, 8.14 face mask, ceramic incised 5.58, 5.59, 5.61 medieval boundaries 4.233 Firth of Forth Corrymuckloch Farm, Amulree, Perthshire 2.62, 2.69 Factorʼs Cave, East Wemyss see Jonathanʼs Cave Wester Kinnear medieval boundaries 4.235–4.236, 4.237, Charles Hill gun battery 3.207–3.215, 3.208 Craigie Hill, Fife, rectangular 3.61, 3.66, 3.67 Fairfield, Fife, mining village 1.78, 1.79 4.237, 4.238, 4.245 fishing 8.184 Elliot, Arbroath, promontory 9.61 Fairweather family (of Dundee) 10.163 field systems Forth basin: salt panning industry 2.23–2.24 Holly Road Bronze Age cemetery, Leven 10.25–10.32, Fairweather, Alan, botanical remains: Abbotʼs House, Ballinloan Burn, Strathbraan 3.169–3.170 fish 10.26, 10.49, 10.50 Dunfermline 2.106 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.68, 3.71 in Pictish art 7.45 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17, 7.23 Fairy Knowe, Argyll, pottery 8.94 Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.162, 3.166, 3.167 see also aquaria Milton of Rattray, square 6.11 Fairy Knowe, Stirling, Iron Age plant remains 4.117 Glen Fender, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.170, 3.171, 3.172 fish bones/remains Neolithic 10.17–10.19 Falconer, Charles relict: Newbarns, Angus 10.95 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.104 Newbarns Farm, Angus 5.32 Abbey National Building, High Street, Perth 6.87–6.108 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.162, 3.163 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.137, 3.141 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.34–7.44, 7.35–7.37, 7.39 Marketgate/Ladybridge, Arbroath: excavations 1.28–1.35 fieldwalking Arbroath High Street 5.56, 5.64, 5.66 see also Dunlappie Parish Church; mortuary enclosures; Falkirk, Stirlingshire Castle Menzies enclosure, Perthshire 8.11 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.57–7.58, 7.73–7.75, 7.81– rectilinear enclosures; ring-groove enclosure cattle market 6.181 Dun Knock, Perthshire 10.66–10.67, 10.66 7.82 Ennand, Robert 7.114 Museum 6.211 lithic scatters 8.1, 8.2, 8.9 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.156 environmental archaeology 5.28–5.29 Falkland, Fife St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75 Crail 7.107 Angus field study area 5.34 royal hunting park 8.145 Fife Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.83 see also landscape archaeology Russian lead seals 6.213 extractive industrial remains 1.76–1.86 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.58, 6.60–6.63, 6.67 Eoroby, Lewis 6.179 Fall, William (American privateer) 4.271 gravestones 7.129–7.132 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.185, 4.193, Eremin, Dr Katherine Farleyer, Perthshire 3.41 salt-water fish ponds 8.182, 8.183–8.189 4.194, 4.196, 4.199 NMS Analytical Research 2.113 cist 3.23, 3.42–3.43, 3.42 water pipelines 4.68 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.101 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire: copper-alloy 8.90 Farmer, Andrew, of Kippo 7.114 archaeological work on 4.67–4.98 St Andrews (South Street) 6.128–6.130 Ericht, River 6.9 farmsteads see also individual locations St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.67, 1.70, 1.73 Erickstanebrae, Moffat, Dumfriesshire, Roman gold brooch and moated sites 3.180, 3.183 Fife, earls of 4.233, 5.72, 5.74, 9.97 Star Garage, Montrose 1.44 2.122 Salachill, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.173 Duncan, earl of Fife 5.72, 5.74, 9.97 Wemyss Caves 8.119 Ermengarde, Queen (wife of ) 3.112, 3.190, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.163, 3.164, 3.171 Stewart, Robert, duke of Albany 5.72 bib 7.55, 7.73, 7.75 4.235, 7.95 Farnell, Angus, Roman finds 9.25 Dunfermline Abbey burial place 2.99 cod 6.60, 6.61, 6.63, 6.128, 6.130, 7.55, 7.58, 7.73, 7.74, Ernan, Saint 10.119 Farquharson, J, Survey of Loch North Tayside 5.144, 9.8 Fife Archaeological Index (FAI) 3.1, 3.11, 8.119 7.75 Ernéne, Saint 4.138, 4.140 Farrans (Construction) Ltd 10.179 3.214 dab 6.128, 6.130, 7.55, 7.58, 7.73, 7.74, 7.75 Ernuin, Saint 10.119 Farrell, Stuart Fife Family History Society 7.131 eel 7.55, 7.57–7.58, 7.73, 7.74, 7.75 Errol, Perthshire 7.8 Edzell Old Church, Angus 6.141 Fife Fireclay Works 1.84 flatfish 7.58, 7.73, 7.74, 7.75 brickworks 2.127 Fife gravestones 7.129–7.132 Fife Foxhounds 5.163, 5.166 gurnard 7.58, 7.73, 7.74, 7.75 Bronze Age logboats: Haddiebank 10.62 on Robert Bald, mining engineer 3.204–3.206 Fife Hunt 5.163–5.164, 5.165 haddock 6.61, 6.63, 6.128, 6.130, 7.55, 7.57, 7.73, 7.74, clay source 4.173, 4.174, 4.175 Fast Castle, near St Abbs, Berwickshire 5.98 Fife Ness 7.75, 7.81 possible pottery kiln site 2.127 Faulkener, Neil 10.24 Mesolithic activity 4.95 herring 6.60, 6.61, 6.63, 6.128, 6.130, 7.55, 7.57, 7.73, 7.74, Erskine, David Steuart, 11th Earl of Buchan 7.1 faunal remains see animal remains; bone, animal tide mill 8.183 7.75, 7.81 Erskine, Col John, Culross Palace 4.202, 4.213, 4.228 Faustina, coins 3.63 see also Craighead Golf Course mackerel 6.128, 6.130 Eskbank, Midlothian Fawcett, Richard 9.108 fig remains 9.79, 9.85 plaice 7.55, 7.73, 7.74, 7.75 lion footrest, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.98–2.99 36 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 37

pollack 7.58, 7.73, 7.74, 7.75 Mesolithic sites, retouched 4.15 marine and coastal resources 10.92 Upper Kenly Farm short-cist, Fife 3.3–3.5, 3.3, 3.4, 3.21 saithe 6.128, 6.130, 7.55, 7.73, 7.74, 7.75 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.132–5.133 medieval meat consumption 3.138, 3.139, 3.140, 3.141, Vase: Holly Road, Leven: early Bronze Age cemetery 10.25, salmon 6.60, 6.61, 6.63, 6.67, 7.55, 7.58, 7.73, 7.74, 7.75 Ballinbreich Castle, Fife 3.190 3.156, 3.157, 3.159, 4.196 10.28, 10.32, 10.33, 10.34–10.40, 10.35–10.39, 10.49 sandeel 7.58, 7.73 Bolshan Hill, Montrose, Angus 5.1–5.6, 5.2, 5.3 out-of-season 8.177, 8.183 herringbone design 10.36, 10.37, 10.38, 10.40, 10.48 sole 7.73, 7.74, 7.75 Brackmont Mill, Leuchars, Fife 4.74 preparation and Mesolithic stone tools 4.10 West Scryne, Angus 4.57 trout 7.55, 7.58, 7.73, 7.75 Carsie Mains 10.3, 10.20 preservation 8.183 Westhaugh of Tulliemet 3.34, 3.35, 3.37–3.41, 3.38, 3.39, fish ponds Castle Menzies Neolithic enclosure, Perthshire 8.11 preservation/storage and ice houses 10.167, 10.168, 3.40 freshwater 8.183, 8.186 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.1, 4.4, 4.6–4.12, 10.170, 10.175 ʻYorkshire Vasesʼ 10.40 and moated sites 3.179, 3.180, 3.181 4.13, 4.19 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline, meat preparation 2.104 foolʼs parsley 7.23 salt-water: Fife 8.182, 8.183–8.189 retouched 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10, 4.11, 4.14 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire, food preparation 5.118– Fordell, Fife fish-curing/processing Dubton Farm, Angus 8.24, 8.43, 8.45, 8.46, 8.48, 8.49 5.119 coal mining 3.205 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.128, 3.135, 3.141 Dun Knock hillfort 10.66 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.138, 3.140, 3.141 salt pans 2.23 Arbroath 4.268 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.103 Carsie Mains Neolithic structures 10.17 Fordhouse Barrow, Angus 4.27, 8.43 fishermen, in East Neuk of Fife 9.126 Forgan smithy, Fife 4.94 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.17 Fordoun, Kincardine, sculpture at 6.168 Fishers Road, Port Seton 9.29 Hawkhill cropmark enclosure 9.59, 9.60 Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house, Angus 4.120 Fords of Frew, metalwork 7.5, 7.9 fishing Holly Road, Leven: early Bronze Age cemetery 10.25, Dundee, medieval times 4.196, 6.59, 6.60, 6.81 Forest Enterprise Borland plantation 9.7 Carse and Tay estuary 10.92 10.32–10.33, 10.33, 10.48 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno, pollen analysis 4.54 forestry see woodland evidence for: Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.17 Inchture 10.87, 10.91 Maryton Law prehistoric mound, picnic site 4.27, 4.28 Forestry Commission 3.23, 3.24, 3.25, 3.33 Perthshire Neolithic sites, evidence from 8.8 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.19, 9.22 St Andrews 3.138, 3.139, 3.156, 3.159 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.106, 5.127, 5.128 fishing industry Kingsbarns, Fife 7.18, 7.26 Byre Theatre 7.55, 7.58, 7.72, 7.74–7.75, 7.78–7.79, Forfar, Angus 9.113 medieval 7.74, 7.75 Kirkton, Fife 4.70, 4.73–4.74, 4.78 7.81, 7.89 Castle Street 10.127 Anstruther, Fife 3.119, 3.121, 3.127, 3.128, 3.141 Bronze Age cemetery, retouched 4.73–4.74 Church of the Holy Trinity, indicators from burials 3.145, deep soil formation 7.90 Arbroath 1.35, 4.268 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.44 3.155, 3.159 as early royal centre 5.47 Crail 7.74, 7.93, 7.95, 7.105 Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.23 St Nicholasʼ hospital 1.73 local quarrying 9.117 East Neuk, Fife 3.141 struck 4.22 South Street 6.128, 6.130 5.32, 6.138 and ice preservation 10.167, 10.168 Newbarns 10.101, 10.108 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.98 Redware pottery 4.177 Isle of May herring salting industry 2.24 Perthshire scatters 8.2–8.9, 8.4 Wemyss Caves 8.111, 8.119 taxation 4.265, 4.266 St Andrews 7.74 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.92 see also cooking pots; girdles trading rivalry with medieval Dundee 4.181 St Monans, Fife 3.193 Mesolithic 8.84 Food Vessels 4.77, 7.30, 7.31 witchcraft in 9.114 Fiskerton, Lincolnshire, possible logboat deposition 10.62 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.34 and copper-alloy awls 4.75 Forfar Golf Course, cup-marked stone 1.14 Fitzpatrick, Dr E A 9.51 Wemyss Caves 8.115, 8.120, 8.121 in Angus cists 4.63, 4.65, 4.66 Forfeited Estates, Crown Commissioners for 5.131 flakes, flint see also blades; cores; flakes; knives; lithics; microburins; in cist burials 3.20 Forgan, Fife Mesolithic sites 4.15 microliths; pebbles; scrapers list of Scottish 3.39 cropmarks 3.113 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.132–5.133 flint knapping/working ʻYorkshire Vasesʼ 3.37, 3.40, 3.41 St Fillanʼs Church 3.64, 3.65, 3.70 Almondbank, Perthshire 3.28, 3.31 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.6, 4.7–4.10, 4.11, Almondbank, Perthshire 3.24, 3.25–3.26, 3.25, 3.26, 3.27, medieval metalwork finds 3.188, 3.191, 3.195, 3.196, Balmerino, Fife 3.32 4.13–4.14, 4.17 3.31, 3.32, 3.33, 3.39, 4.76 3.198, 3.199 Brackmont Mill, Leuchars, Fife 4.74 Perthshire lithic scatters 8.2, 8.4, 8.6, 8.8 Balhungie, Monikie, Angus 4.39, 4.41–4.43 smithy 4.67, 4.93–4.96, 4.94, 4.95 Carse Farm 1 3.24, 3.49 ʻFloddenʼ bowʼ7.71 Balrownie 4.74 Forr, Crieff, Perthshire 7.136 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.1, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, flooding episodes Barns Farm, Dalgety, Fife 4.71 Forrer Casket, Loomis 4.154 4.11, 4.13, 4.14 Carse of Gowrie 10.92 Barnyards, Tannadice, Angus 4.46, 4.46, 4.47, 4.64 Forres, Moray Dalgety Bay, Fife 3.19, 3.21 and drainage 10.180, 10.183 Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Angus 4.33, 4.34, 4.34, 4.63, metalworking 7.43 Forgan smithy, Fife 4.94 in Perth 6.87, 6.92, 6.106, 6.107 4.66 Redware pottery 4.176 Kirkton, Fife: Bronze Age cemetery 4.73–4.74, 4.74 prevention, Perth 8.145, 8.149, 8.167 Belliston Farm, Fife 3.5, 3.8, 3.8, 3.9–3.10, 3.19, 3.21 Forsyth, Katherine Flanders Moss, Stirlingshire 2.66, 3.180, 7.5 floor tiles see tiles Birkhill, Stirlingshire 3.44 carved stone, Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church flat cemetery: Dalgety Bay short-cists, Fife 3.19 floors, stone see stone surfaces Callange, Ceres, Fife 4.74 10.127–10.129 Flat Midden, Tentsmuir Forest, Fife 8.141 flower-pots, Cupar, Fife 2.36, 2.38 Dalgety Bay, Fife 3.4 Crieff Burgh Cross 6.166–6.168 flax 2.94, 4.268, 7.77, 9.49, 10.112 Folco, John di, on East Fife gravestones 7.130 Douglastown, Kinnettles 4.39–4.40, 4.39 Fort George, Inverness 8.149 Arbroath High Street 5.66 Folsetter, Orkney, axehead find 5.3 Dunfermline, Aberdour Road 4.76 Fort William 8.164 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.66, 6.67 food and diet East Yorkshire burials 4.63 , Perthshire 6.168, 6.169, 6.176 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.108, 3.111 and kitchen gardens 8.170, 8.172 Embo, Sutherland 3.44 sculpture 1.5–1.6, 1.7, 1.9n2, 4.134 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28 cist deposits 3.19, 4.63 Gairneybank, Kineaross-shire 3.4, 3.39 Forth, River Newbarns, Angus 10.109 expensive imports 8.183 Hare Cairn, Pitkennedy, Aberlemno 4.46, 4.48, 4.63, 4.64 estuary at Culross, Fife 4.222 flax retting pits, Boggeyhollow, Cragganester, Loch Tay 5.144 fish 6.130 Kenly Green Farm, Boarhills, Fife 3.44 Mesolithic sites near 4.14 flax spinning 5.119 fish and Catholic teaching 7.74–7.75 Kirkton, Fife 4.71, 4.75–4.77, 4.75, 4.78 rediscovered sword from 7.1–7.15, 7.4 Fleming, David Hay 4.257, 7.129 food processing evidence, Dubton Farm, Angus 8.69, 8.70 Knockenny, Glamis, Angus 3.32 see also Firth of Forth Flemings, in east coast burghs 2.128 food processing tools, stone, Dubton Farm, Angus 8.42 Loanleven, Perthshire: cist 3.33 Forth Valley, Late Bronze Age metalwork 7.1, 7.5–7.7, 7.6, 7.8, Flemington farm, Angus, symbol stone 1.8 food storage, and souterrains 8.79, 8.80 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno, Angus 4.43, 4.49, 4.51, 4.51, 7.9, 7.10–7.11 Fletcher, Jane 3.74, 3.115 game larder: ice house 10.173, 10.174 4.52–4.54, 4.64–4.65 Fortingall Church, Perthshire, recumbent stone circle 5.12 Fletcherfield, Strathmore, Angus, souterrain 8.102, 8.103–8.109 improvements late 18th/19th centuries 8.183 Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.25, 4.28 Fortingall (Praetorium), Perthshire, moated site 3.176, 3.178, flint 7.31 ladles and vessels, Late Bronze Age 2.65–2.66 Murton, Forfar, Angus 4.44, 4.45, 4.46 3.178, 3.179, 3.179, 3.183, 3.185 debitage 4.7, 4.9, 4.11, 4.13, 4.14, 8.2, 8.6, 8.8 38 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 39

Fortriu 4.138, 4.161 fruit and fruit trees 8.183 St Andrews 7.49, 7.67, 7.82 Kinnear, Fife 4.233 Pictish territory of 6.168, 6.169, 6.170 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.24, 8.50, 8.51, 8.52, 8.53, 8.61 reassessment 7.87–7.92 and lithics 8.45 forts kitchen gardens 8.172, 8.175, 8.176, 8.178, 8.180 South Street 6.109, 6.110–6.111, 6.116, 6.118, 6.133 Melgund Castle area 10.135 An Dun, Gairloch: vitrified fort 5.125 fruit preservation, and ice houses 10.168 garden tool, possible, Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.64, 7.65 Preston Island, Fife 2.1 Black Cairn 4.146 fruit remains 6.111, 6.131, 6.133 Gardenerʼs Dictionaryʼ10.167 Roman temporary camp, Longforgan, Dundee 4.99 Caerleon, south Wales 2.113 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.58, 7.77, 7.78–7.79, 7.80, 7.81 gardens St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.87 Clatchard Craig, Fife 2.119 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.79, 9.85 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.129 Strathmore 4.137, 4.141 Dumglow, Fife 1.76 Fuller, Bill 10.65 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.109 Turin Hill, Angus 5.36 Dummiefarline, Fife 1.76 fumitories, Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20, 7.23 Arbroath High Street 4.279–4.281, 4.281 Wemyss Caves 8.122 Dundee Law 4.179 funerary monuments 8.17 Balmerino Abbey, Fife 3.191 geophysical survey Dunsinane, Perthshire 1.13, 5.26 ring-ditch features 10.113 Brechin, Nos 68–74 High Street 10.153 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.145, 8.150 Edinburgh Castle 2.116 see also ritual manor houses, 18th-century 9.30 Culross Palace 4.205 Fendoch 6.173 funerary rituals and moated sites 3.180, 3.181, 3.182 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.82, 3.83, 3.90 Finavon Hill, Angus 1.7, 1.8, 1.11, 1.12, 1.14, 1.15, 5.36, Early Bronze Age 10.34 and orchards, probable, Melgund Castle 10.150 Fife water pipeline route 4.69 5.46, 5.47 Holly Road, Leven: early Bronze Age cemetery 10.47–10.48, St Andrews (South Street) 6.109 Hawkhill cropmark enclosure 9.56, 9.57, 9.59 island, Firth of Forth 3.207 10.49 and sundials 7.67 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.80–3.82, 3.82, 3.83, Iron Age 5.47 funerary/votive offerings 7.5, 7.7, 7.8, 7.10 see also horticulture; Kineaross House; kitchen gardens; 3.91 Kempʼs Hold, Caputh 4.138 Bronze Age logboats 10.62 orchards Holly Road, Leven: early Bronze Age cemetery 10.46 Kinghornness, Firth of Forth 3.207 Roman/native brooches at sites 2.117–2.118 Gargunnock, Stirlingshire 7.9 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76, 5.78–5.79, 5.81, 5.86 Kingʼs Seat, Birnam 4.138 see also burial practices; deposition; ritual Garioch, Lordship of 3.182, 3.184 West Grange of Conon souterrain 9.67 Traprain Law 2.116 Garpit, Fife 8.1 West Mains cropmark enclosure 6.19 see also Carpow; Caterthuns, Angus; Charles Hill gun g kiln 8.140 George II, King, coins 5.119, 9.127 battery, Fife; Fort George; hillforts; Inchtuthil; marching Gaelic earldom of Strathearn 6.169, 6.170 Garpit Farm, Fife 8.140, 8.141, 8.142, 8.143 George III, King, coins 1.66, 4.23, 7.99, 7.101 camps; promontory forts; ; Turin Hill, Angus; see also Strathearn, earldom of Garrowby Wold, Humberside, Vase Food Vessels 10.40 George Pit engine house, Preston Island 2.19, 2.20 vitrified forts Gaelic language 5.47, 6.167, 6.168, 6.171, 6.175, 6.176, 8.98 Garton Slack Site 7, Yorkshire 3.41 Germany, timber from 8.193, 8.194, 8.196, 8.197, 8.198 fossil crinoid bead 10.25, 10.32, 10.33–10.34, 10.33 Dunkeld/ area, Perthshire 4.138, 4.139, 4.140 Garvie, Mrs W, socketed gouge 3.59 Gilbert, Earl of Strathearn, and Inchaffray Abbey 4.161, 5.152, fossil shell, Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Angus 4.33, 4.63 medieval boundary charters 4.232, 4.236–4.237, 4.239–4.240 Gascon Hall, Perthshire, moated site 3.178, 3.180, 3.181, 6.173 Fossoway, Perthshire 6.169 Gairie, River 7.136 3.184, 3.185 Gillies Burn, Abernethy, cropmark site 10.73 Foster, Margaret 7.114 Gairie Burn, Angus 8.103 Gask Ridge 6.168 Gilling, Yorkshire, Food Vessel 3.37 Fothad II, bishop 1.25 Gairneybank, Kineaross-shire Gask stone, Moncrieffe House, Perth 4.138 Gilmerton, Edinburgh, axehead find spot 5.3 Fothringham, near Forfar, Angus, circular dovecot 10.150 Bronze Age graves 4.63 Gaskie Hill, Fife, limestone quarries 1.82 Gilruth, Dr J D 9.104, 9.105, 9.106, 9.109 Foularton, James, minister of Dunlappie 9.97 Bronze Age site 10.50 Gasworks Cave, East Wemyss 8.113, 8.119, 8.121 Girdle Stane, Dunnichen, Angus 5.10 Foulis Easter, Angus 4.166 cist cemetery 3.32 Gater, John, Holly Road, Leven: early Bronze Age cemetery: girdles, iron, Culross, Fife 4.210, 4.226, 4.228, 4.229 Church 6.195, 6.196, 6.197 Food Vessels 3.4, 3.39 geophysical survey 10.46 Girron Burn, Corrymuckloch, Perthshire 2.60 sacrament house 9.105, 9.106, 9.109, 9.110 Gairnshiel, Aberdeenshire 7.9 gazebos see summerhouses glaciation, Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.21 Fountains Abbey, Yorkshire, stove tiles 5.98 Gallagher, Dennis 3.22 Gdansk (Danzig) 6.194, 6.204 Gladius Anceps 7.1 Fowberry Moor, Northumberland, carved stone 5.10 clay pipes Geddes, Matthew 9.109 Gladstoneʼs Land, Royal Mile (High Street), Edinburgh 4.271, 5.69 Fowler see Sharp, Greenwood and Fowlerʼs map Culross Palace, Fife 4.226 Geddie, Robert, Cupar brickworks 2.27, 2.28 Glamis, Angus see Denoon Law; Easter Denoon Fowlis, Sir John 8.172 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.58 Geddy, John, St Andrews town plan (c 1580) 3.150, 3.155, , ice house 10.170 Fowlis Wester, Perthshire 6.169, 6.176, 6.181 Melgund Castle 10.148–10.149 6.133, 7.49 Glascorrie, Strowan, Perthshire 6.171, 6.173 church 6.174, 6.176 St Andrews (South Street) 6.126 Gellyburn, Perthshire, Pictish sculpture 4.129, 4.137, 4.138, Glasfurd, Euphane 10.163 sculpture at 6.158, 6.161, 6.167, 6.176, 6.182 Gallow Hill, Girvan, ring-groove houses 9.29 4.140, 4.141 Glasgow fox bones, Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.71, 7.72 gaming boards genealogy, St Andrews Cathedral Graveyard Survey 4.255– gritty wares 2.128 Fox Plantation, Wigtownshire 6.15, 6.16 bone 4.145 4.256, 4.257 old city: post-medieval pottery 5.97 Fragmenta Collecta 1.73 stone General Strike, Lassodie coal pits, Fife 1.78 Roland Blackadderʼs hospital for the poor 1.73 Franklin, Julie Arbroath Abbey 4.267 Geoffrey, Abbot of Dunfermline 2.72 6.80 artefacts: Culross Palace, Fife 4.223–4.224 Ormiston, Newburgh, Fife 4.145–4.149, 4.146, 4.147 Geographical Information System 1.85 architectural features 9.109 Melgund Castle: metalwork 10.48 gaming counter (vessel lid) 6.48, 6.56, 6.57 geology Glasgow University Archaeological Research Division see GUARD pottery: Crail medieval burgh 7.97–7.98 gaming pieces Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.119 glass Fraser, Iain possible 6.100 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.119 in ʻspiritual middensʼ 9.127 Cortachy sacrament house 9.103–9.111 see also counters Carse of Gowrie 10.92 mirrors 4.159 medieval sculpture at Tealing, Angus 4.166–4.169 Garbeg, Drumnadrochit, Highland 10.113 Carsie Mains 10.1 post-medieval dress accessories 2.53, 2.54–2.55 Perthshire water meadows 7.133–7.144 garden soil 7.87 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.61–3.62, 3.63, 3.67 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.87 Fraser, William, bishop of St Andrews: seal 5.148–5.151, 5.150 Arbroath, medieval 4.267 Crieff Burgh Cross stonework 6.168–6.169 Airlie School, Romanʼ9.72 Free Church 4.296 ʻimported garden soilʼ model 7.91, 7.92 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.109 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.130, 5.131 Freeman, Philip, excavations at Craigie Hill, Fife 3.61–3.73 Melgund Castle 10.144 Culross, Fife 4.202 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.112, 5.120, 5.121 Friarton, Perthshire Nethergate, Dundee excavation, medieval 4.179, 4.182, Dun Knock 10.66, 10.70 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.132, 3.134 Bronze Age logboat 10.62 4.183–4.184, 4.185–4.186, 4.187, 4.198, 4.199 Dundee and area 4.179 Arbroath High Street 5.55, 5.61, 5.62, 5.64, 5.69 moated site 3.178, 3.185 ʻoccupation depositʼ model 7.91–7.92 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.77–3.78 Cambo Ness, Fife 7.24, 7.26 , Angus 5.32, 5.33 Perth, South Street 9.76, 9.85 Fife water pipeline route 4.69 Constantineʼs Cave, Roman 8.114 Frosterley marble effigy, Arbroath 2.99 40 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 41

Crail 7.107 goat bones Grand Tour 8.186 Haggarty, George Culross Palace, Fife 4.224–4.226, 4.225 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.100, 2.103, 2.104 , Perthshire 3.41, 6.2 Melgund Castle: pottery 10.148 Dundee Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.137, 3.138, 3.139, 3.140 Neolithic pottery 8.41 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews: pottery 5.97–5.101 City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.83 Arbroath High Street 5.64 granges, and moated sites 3.180, 3.184 Haig, John, Bradford University: aerial photography, Easter Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate 4.192–4.193 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.53, 7.55, 7.58, 7.71, 7.72, 7.73, Grauballe Man 4.120 Kinnear 3.79 Murraygate 6.57 7.81 grave goods Hakon V, King of Norway 5.160 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.104–3.105, 3.106 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.156, 3.157 flint knives in cists 4.59 Hale, Alex, Prehistoric rock carvings, Strath Tay 9.6, 9.7–9.13 Forgan, Fife, patinated 4.93 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.84 post-medieval burials 4.297 Halifax, Yorkshire 6.197 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.106 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.58, 6.59 Roman: in burials 2.120–2.122, 2.120 Halkeston, Robert, goldsmith of Culross 4.202 Hurly Hawkin, Roman 9.25 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.193, 4.194, see also burials and individual artefacts Halkett of Pitfirran, Captain 7.136 Maryton Law prehistoric mound, pendant 4.23, 4.27, 4.29 4.195, 4.196, 4.197 gravel extraction, Lunan valley 5.33 Hall, Derek W St Andrews Montrose 1.40 gravel quarrying Abbotʼs House excavations, Dunfermline: pottery 2.88–2.91 Byre Theatre 7.66, 7.67, 7.80 Star Garage 1.44, 1.45 Almondbank, Perthshire 3.24, 3.26, 3.33 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire: pottery 5.116 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity 3.158 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.102, 6.103, Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.74 Anstruther Easter, Fife: pottery 3.129–3.130 St Nicholas Farm 1.58, 1.66, 5.91, 5.93, 5.94, 5.96, 5.97, 6.104 North Straiton farm, Fife: pit alignment 2.47, 2.51 Arbroath, Marketgate/Ladybridge: pottery 1.34 5.101–5.102 St Andrews (South Street) 6.126, 6.127 gravel surfaces, South Street, Perth 9.77, 9.86 Arbroath High Street: pottery 5.58–5.61 South Street 6.118, 6.123, 6.124, 6.125 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.67, 1.69, 1.70, 1.70, 1.71, gravestones Byre Theatre, St Andrews: pottery 7.59–7.63 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75, 5.77, 5.82–5.84, 5.83 1.72, 5.102 Fife 7.129–7.132 Dundee: pottery report 9.89–9.95 White Church, Comrie 7.124, 7.126–7.127 gold, in medieval Perth 4.159 White Church, Comrie 7.119 Dundee (Murraygate): pottery 6.49–6.53 see also beads; bottles; buttons; vessel glass; window glass gold objects Gray, Mr Robert (Edzell church) 6.139 Dunino churchyard, Fife: pottery 8.132–8.133 Glass (Glassworks) Cave, East Wemyss 8.112, 8.121 Cupar, Fife 3.192, 3.194 Green Castle, Portknockie, Banff 9.24, 10.115 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee: pottery 4.187– glass-making 8.121, 8.178 medieval metalwork finds in east Fife 3.194 Green Knowe, Peeblesshire 9.60 4.191 glasshouses 8.172 Monzie Estate, Late Bronze Age 7.12 Greencairn, Angus 5.46 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church: pottery 10.127 heating for 8.178 ornaments, Forth Valley 7.5 Greencairn, Cairnton of Balbegno, Aberdeenshire 9.61 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building): pottery 6.95– Kineaross House 8.170, 8.176, 8.177, 8.178, 8.179, 8.180 see also rings Greenhill, Balmerino, Fife 6.98 Glastonbury, Somerset, monastic vallum 1.24 Goldsmith, Mrs Aase, Cupar pottery deposits 2.35 Food Vessel 3.31, 4.76 pre-burghal St Andrews 1.23–1.27 Gleann Mor, Islay, lithic assemblage 4.14, 4.15 Goldsmith, Peter, Cupar pottery deposits 2.35 jet necklace 3.102 ʻRescue archaeology and Scottish churchesʼ 10.131–10.132 Glen Almond 6.169 golf courses greenhouses 6.118, 6.133 St Andrews (South Street): pottery 6.120, 6.122 Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.161, 3.164–3.168, 3.167, 3.169, Craighead Golf Course, Fife Ness: Mesolithic site 4.1–4.19 see also glasshouses St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75–5.82, 5.84 3.170, 3.172 Craigie Hill area, Fife 3.61, 3.71, 3.74 Greenknowes, Fife, lime-extraction 1.82 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews: excavations 1.48–1.75 Pitcarmick-type buildings 3.162, 3.164 Forfar 1.14 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee: excavationsʼsee under Salvation Army Citadel, Perth: pottery report 9.81 White Cairn 3.24, 3.44–3.47, 3.45–3.47, 3.161, 3.165 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17 Dundee Scottish medieval pottery industry 2.126–2.129, 4.170– Glen Dochart 9.7 5.128 Greenwood see Sharp, Greenwood and Fowlerʼs map 4.178 Glen Drynoch, Bracadale, Skye, Bronze Age axe 10.55 golfers, of St Andrews: graves 4.257, 4.258 Gregory the Great,ʼGospel Homilies 4.134 Star Garage, Montrose: pottery 1.43–1.44 Glen Esk, Angus 5.13 Golspie, Sutherland, sculpture at 6.160 Gregory, Martyn 10.137 Tentsmuir Forest, Fife: excavations and Scottish White Gritty Glen Fender, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.169, 3.170–3.172, Goltho, Lincolnshire 6.56 Gregory X, Pope 3.191 Ware 8.139–8.144 3.171, 5.134 buckle 3.195 Grieve, Neil, Brechin, Angus: Nos 68–74 High Street, early Hall, Mark A Glen Gairn, upper Deeside, Aberdeenshire 7.9 decorative stud 3.198 timber-frame roof 10.153–10.165 Crieff Burgh Cross 6.155, 6.168–6.169, 6.174–6.182 Glen Lednock, Perthshire iron finds 2.96 Groningen, Netherlands 6.58 Dun Knock hillfort, Dunning, Perthshire: vitrified rocks Bronze Age knife 7.12 tweezers 2.93 Grove, Richard 10.65–10.72 deserted settlements 2.129 Gordon, James, map 7.24, 7.49, 8.98 Muirhall Farm short-cist: bone 3.43 (et al.): Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard, Perthshire 9.12 Gordonstoun 8.172 Westhaugh of Tulliemet: bone 3.22–3.23, 3.36–3.37 2.60–2.69 , souterrains 8.79 Gorthy 4.161 GUARD 3.61, 3.70, 3.71, 4.67, 4.69, 7.27 gaming board: Ormiston, Newburgh, Fife 4.145–4.149 , Ireland: early monastic centre 1.24 gouge, socketed, Late Bronze Age 3.58, 3.59–3.60, 3.60 Cragganester, Loch Tay 5.139, 5.145 Late Bronze Age metalwork 7.1–7.15 Glendevon, Perthshire 6.169 Gourdie Hill 4.137 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17, 7.18 medieval carved wooden panels (Perth Museum) 6.189– water meadows 7.133, 7.134, 7.139–7.141, 7.140 Govan, Strathclyde Guido, Mrs C M 5.121 6.199 Glendevon Castle, Perthshire 7.139 sarcophagus 6.177 Guinevere see Vanora Pittensorn Farm, Perthshire: sculpture 4.129–4.144 Glenesk, Angus, copper-working 3.57 sculptural assemblage 1.6–1.7 Guthrie Aisle, Angus 6.150, 6.194, 6.195 Shanzie Farm souterrain 8.77 Glenesk, barony of 6.138 Gowrie, Pictish territory of 4.138 Guthrie bell shrine 4.167, 6.178 Tristram and Iseult mirror-case, Perth 4.150–4.165 Glenfender Burn, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.170, 3.171, 3.172 Graeme, Colonel, of Inchbrakie 7.137 Guthrie Doom 4.166 Halliday, Stuart, Castle Menzies Neolithic enclosure 8.11–8.18 shieling huts 3.165 graffiti gaming board, Ormiston, Newburgh, Fife 4.145–4.146 Guthrie Hill, Letham, Angus, Neolithic carved stone 5.7, 5.8, Hallow Hill burials, Fife 2.120 Glenhead, near Doune, Perth and Kineaross, Food Vessels Grafton Regis, Northamptonshire: bakehouse 1.59 5.9, 5.10 Hallyards, Fife 3.181 10.40 Graham, James Gillespie, Dunino Church, Fife 8.125, 8.134, Guttmann, Erika B, Wemyss Caves 8.111–8.124 Hallyards, Perthshire, moated site 3.178, 3.178, 3.180–3.181, Glenn, Virginia, 13th-century seals 5.146–5.162 8.135, 8.136, 8.137 3.181, 3.185 Glenquaich, Perthshire, Bronze Age metalwork 7.12 Graham, Patrick, Archbishop of St Andrews 4.266 h Haltwhistle, Northumberland: church 4.266 Glenearothes, Fife 4.67 Graham, Thomas 8.170 Haddington, East Lothian 4.199, 7.113, 8.197 Hamilton, J E Glentanar, Aberdeenshire, Late Bronze Age hoard 2.65 Grahamʼs Dyke, West Lothian 7.7 Cistercian nunnery 7.105 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure, Angus 9.35–9.55, Glentarf, Strowan, Perthshire 6.171, 6.172 grain see cereals/cereal coffin fittings 4.291 9.60–9.62 Glorious Revolution (1688–9) 6.139 Grainfoot, Longniddry, East Lothian, Bronze Age graves 4.63 founding of burgh 7.95 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.87–5.105 Gloucester Cathedral, morris boards 4.146, 4.148 Grampian mountains 3.55, 3.57 Hagelbjerggard hoard, Jutland 5.4 Hamilton, William, mineral water bottle 2.100 granary see Elie Harbour, Fife 42 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 43

Hamilton, William (burgess of Anstruther) 3.127 building J (longhouse) 3.92, 3.94, 3.95–3.98, 3.96, Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house 4.117, 4.120, 4.122, 4.124, herring salting industry, Isle of May 2.24 Hamilton family: lordship of Arbroath 4.266 3.100, 3.105, 3.106, 3.110, 3.111, 3.113 4.126, 4.128 heuck, iron, Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.130 Hamilton Palace, Lanarkshire 8.172 scooped 3.92–3.95, 3.93, 3.98, 3.100, 3.110 Culross Palace excavations 4.209, 4.210 Heugh, Kincardine and Deeside, water course 3.179–3.180 hammerscale, Abernethy School 10.80 stone-built 3.92 Dubton Farm, Angus, possible 8.25, 8.70 Hexham, Northumberland, early carved stones 1.5 hammerstone, Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.6, 4.10– timber houses 3.95 Dunlappie Parish Church, possible 9.100, 9.101 hides 7.72 4.11, 4.11 see also Easter Kinnear; plant remains Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.84, 3.86, 3.87, 3.89, 3.105, 3.108, 3.110 Anstruther Easter, Fife: tannery 3.136, 3.141 handbell, cast–bronze, Little Dunkeld Church 4.138 Hawthornden Caves, Midlothian 8.112 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.185, 4.198 medieval importance of 4.194, 4.196 handles Hayston, Fife 7.27 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure, possible 9.55 trade in 1.36, 2.104, 3.157, 3.159, 4.268, 5.151 bone 6.100, 6.125, 9.79, 9.83, 9.84 hazel charcoal Melgund Castle 10.138 High Knowes, ring-ditch 4.124 coffin Abernethy School 10.79 Mesolithic sites 4.14 Higham (Heecham), Fife, milestone 6.228, 6.229 copper-alloy 4.293–4.294 Carsie Mains structures 10.9, 10.14, 10.17 Perth Highland Boundary Fault 3.161, 4.109, 4.137, 6.169, 8.92 iron 4.291, 4.294, 4.295, 4.296 Castle Menzies Neolithic enclosure 8.16 High Street, possible 6.94 ʻHighland Clachan, theʼʼsee Allt Lochan nan Losgunn Kinnoull Graveyard, Perth 4.291 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.50, 8.51, 8.60, 8.68, 8.71 Salvation Army Citadel 9.81 Hilderston, Bathgate Hills, limekilns 5.126 see also coffin fittings Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28 Preston Island 2.8 Hill of Finavon see Finavon Hill, Angus iron 6.99 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.38, 9.48 St Andrews 6.112, 6.114–6.115, 6.116, 6.125, 6.131, 6.133 Hill of Finglenny, Rhynie, Aberdeenshire, metalwork hoard tankard: Ballinbreich Castle 2.113, 2.115, 2.117 Newbarns, Angus 10.109 St Nicholas Farm 1.54, 1.55, 5.90 10.55 wood 6.93, 6.99, 6.100, 6.125 hazel remains South Street 3.148 Hill of Loyal (Balloch), near Shanzie 8.80 Hanseatic League 6.194 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.4 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.84 Hill of Tarvit, Fife, water pipeline 7.27, 7.29, 7.31, 7.32 Hanseatic ports, Forth salt exports 2.23 Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house, Angus 4.121 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.91 Hillcrest Housing Association 1.36 Hardieʼs plan of Culross Palace (1904) 4.216, 4.217, 4.217, Dalgety Bay, Fife 3.17 South Leckaway early farmhouse 9.118, 9.119 hillforts 9.60, 9.61, 10.58, 10.62 4.227, 4.229 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.89, 3.108, 3.109, 3.110, 3.111 heather, carbonised 10.102, 10.109, 10.112, 10.113 Barra Hill, Aberdeenshire 9.60 hare bones Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110 Hebrides 6.100 Caterthuns, Angus 1.11, 5.33, 5.36, 5.46 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.103 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20, 7.23 Canna 4.134 Tom aʼChaisteil, Perthshire, possible 6.172, 6.176, 6.182, Dundee (Murraygate), brown hare 6.58 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.103 Hedderwick, East Lothian 7.29 6.183 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.102 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.85 Heddle, Graeme, Charles Hill gun battery 3.207–3.215 see also Brown Caterthun; Dun Knock; White Caterthun Hare Cairn, Pitkennedy, Aberlemno, Angus 4.32, 4.46, 4.48, Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.30, 7.31 Helpringham Fen, Lincoln, axehead 5.3 Hilton of Cadboll, Ross and Cromarty, sculpture at 6.182 4.63, 4.64 Upper Kenly Farm, Fife 3.4, 3.5 hemlock 7.78 Historic period, Early, Abernethy School features 10.80 Harland Edge, Derbyshire, Yorkshire Vases 3.41 hazelnut remains hemp, trade in 4.268, 6.211, 6.213, 6.215, 6.219, 6.221, 6.222 Historic Scotland, Elie Granary timbers 8.191 Harlow, Essex, Romano-Celtic temple 2.117 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.24, 8.51, 8.52, 8.53, 8.61, 8.68 Henderson, Daniel 9.89 Hitt, Thomas 8.172 harness loop, bronze 6.175 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.95, 8.98 Henderson, David, Dunlappie Parish Church human remains Hochdorf, Baden-Wurttemberg 4.54 see also horse harnesses hazelnut shells 6.60, 6.66 9.98 Hoddom, Dumfriesshire 7.78 Harrison, Paul, metalworking debris: Abbotʼs House, carbonised Henderson, George 4.131 Hodgeton Farm, Inverkeillor, Angus, Food Vessel 3.10 Dunfermlineʼ2.103 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.1, 4.4, 4.5 Henderson, Isabel hogback monuments Hartley, James 8.178 Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.22 Crieff Burgh Cross 6.155–6.166 10th-century fashion 1.7 Hastie, Mhairi Carsie Mains 10.8, 10.17 Pittensorn Farm, Perthshire: sculpture 4.129–4.144 Comrie White Church 7.119 Abernethy School: environmental evidence 10.79 charred, Abernethy 10.79 Henderson, J Michael, medieval marches of Wester Kinnear, Danish 1.23 Byre Theatre, St Andrews: plant remains 7.77–7.79 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.182 Fife 4.232–4.247 Meigle collection 1.1, 1.6, 1.7 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth: charred plant remains 8.162– Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20 Henderson collection 2.94 Holden, Dr T G 8.163 North Straiton farm, Fife: pit alignment 2.47 /henge monuments Arbroath High Street: soil and plant identification 5.66–5.68 Dundee (Murraygate) plant remains 6.63–6.67 Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.30, 7.31 Balfarg, Fife 4.67, 6.2, 6.4, 6.6, 8.48 Byre Theatre, St Andrews: plant remains 7.77–7.79 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth: plant remains 9.85 head-dykes, Ben Lawers 9.7, 9.10 near Kirkton, Fife 4.77 Dundee (Murraygate): plant remains 6.63–6.67 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire: plant remains 8.95 Headland Archaeology Ltd 4.1 Overhowden henge, Berwickshire 8.1 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee: plant remains Upper Gothens, paleoenvironmental samples 7.43 Castle Menzies Neolithic enclosure 8.10, 8.11 and timber circles 10.19, 10.20 4.198–4.199 Hatton Cairn, , Angus, Food Vessel 3.31 charred plant remains 8.162 Heneary, Earl 7.95 Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.111–7.117 Hatton Mill, Angus 5.33 Dubton Farm, Angus: Neolithic/Iron Age 8.19 Heneary III, King 3.192–3.193, 5.159 St Andrews (South Street): plant remains 6.131 Hawaii, salt-water fish ponds 8.186 Dunlappie Parish Church, Edzell 9.97, 9.101 Heneary VI, King 3.191 Holly Road, Leven, Fife Hawkhill, Angus 9.70 Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.20 Heneary the Bald, Perth goldsmith 4.159 early Bronze Age cemetery 10.23–10.53 cereal remains 9.28 Shanzie Farm souterrain, Perthshire 8.78, 8.80 Heneary, David, cup-and-ring markings in Angus 1.12, 1.16, see also cists (short-cists) cropmark enclosure 9.35, 9.55–9.61, 9.55, 9.57, 9.58, 9.59, headstud brooches see under brooches 1.20 Holm, Dumfries and Galloway 8.17 9.64 Heald, Andrew Heneary, Françoise 6.158, 6.161 pit-defined cursus 6.15 prehistoric pottery 8.94 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire: metalworking 8.92, 8.94 Herald Hill, long barrow 5.21 Holmes, Nicholas M McQ souterrain 9.30, 9.61, 9.72 vitrified fuel ash: Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.120 heraldic disc, copper-alloy, Culross Palace, Fife 4.223, 4.223 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline: coins 2.102–2.103 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 4.89, 10.112, 10.113 hearths herbs and spices, Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.77, 7.79, 7.81 Crail: coins 7.98–7.99 1990 excavations 3.76, 3.77, 3.78, 3.79, 3.80, 3.80, 3.82, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.81–2.82, 2.83, 2.102, 2.103 Hereford Cathedral, Mappa Mundi 3.199 Melgund Castle coins 10.147 3.88, 3.91–3.98, 3.92, 3.97, 3.109 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.130, 5.131, 5.135 Hermisgarth, Sanday, Orkney, cist burial 7.20 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews: coins 5.104 finds 3.104–3.106 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.112, 5.127 Hermitage, The (St Petersburg) 6.221 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth: coins 9.84 geophysical survey 3.80–3.82, 3.82, 3.83 Anstruther (21 Shore Street) 9.125 Herodotus, and drainage 10.180 Holy Trinity Church, St Andrews see under churches querns 3.98–3.102 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.124, 3.125, 3.126, 3.127, 3.128, herring and cod fisheries Holy Trinity Gild, Kingʼs Lynn 5.153, 5.160 stone objects 3.102–3.104, 3.106 3.131, 3.141 Crail 7.74, 7.93, 7.95, 7.105 Holywood, Dumfriesshire, cropmark cursus site 6.15 structures 3.91–3.98, 3.94, 3.96, 3.106 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.12, 4.13 St Andrews 7.74 hones 44 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 45

Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.86, 2.96, 2.97 St Andrews (South Street) 6.118, 6.119, 6.133 Tristram and Iseult mirror-case, Perth 4.150, 4.154–4.155, Cortachy sacrament house 9.105, 9.109–9.110, 9.110 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.66, 7.67 see also garden soil; gardens; Kineaross House; kitchen 4.157, 4.160, 4.161, 4.162 Drostan Stone, St Vigeans 1.4 (whetstone) 6.120, 6.124, 6.125 gardens; orchards see also animal iconography on gravestones in Fife 7.129–7.130, 7.131 honey 4.54, 4.64, 4.65 Hospital of St John the Baptist, Arbroath 4.270, 4.272 Ile-de-France 5.148 St Andrews Cathedral Graveyard Survey 4.249 hook, iron, Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.23 Hospital of St Mary the Virgin, Montrose 6.30 Inchaffray Abbey, Perthshire 4.161, 6.171, 6.173, 6.174, 6.176, on sundial: Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.125 Hope, Rosemary, Muirhall Farm short-cist 3.43 Hound Point, Lothian coast 3.208 6.178, 9.103 Tristram and Iseult mirror-case, Perth 4.150, 4.152–4.154, Hopetoun House, West Lothian 8.170, 8.172 housing and residential developments, Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.74 bronze seal matrix 5.151–5.154, 5.152–5.154, 5.156, 5.157, 4.155, 4.159–4.160 horn Housing (Scotland) Act 1925 6.36 5.158, 5.159–5.160 see also Crieff Burgh Cross; dagger hilt 3.14, 3.15, 3.16, 3.20 Howe of Fife 4.77 Inchaffray Charters 5.160, 6.169, 6.170 insect remains spoons 5.132 Howe, Orkney 8.93 Inchaffray, Perthshire, agricultural drainage 10.180 beetles 7.20, 7.58, 7.75, 7.76 use of 2.104 Howff, The (Dundee) 6.84 Inchbare, Angus, pit-alignments 6.12, 6.16 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.57, 7.58, 7.75–7.76 vessels/ladles 2.66 Hownam, Roxburghshire 9.61 Inchbrakie, Perthshire 7.137 Carsie Mains 10.10–10.14 horn cores 5.65, 6.103, 6.104 Hownam Rings, Roxburghshire 8.93 Inchbrakie Castle, Perthshire 7.137 flies 7.58, 7.75, 7.76 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.71, 7.72, 7.73 Hull, Saintonge-type pottery 5.98 Inchcolm Island, Firth of Forth 3.207, 3.208, 3.210, 3.214 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20 St Andrews (South Street) 6.127, 6.128 human remains Abbey 3.213 insects, butterflies 8.175 horns 7.7–7.8 in wet locations 7.7–7.8 Inchcoonans, Perthshire, brick-making 4.173, 4.174 Inver, near Dunkeld, Forestry Commission 3.25 horse bones see also bone, human Inchewan, Little Dunkeld 4.140 Inverbervie, Aberdeenshire, Redware pottery 4.177 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.76,ʼ2.80,ʼ2.103 Hunter, Abbot of Melrose 2.109 Inchkeith Island, Firth of Forth: fort 3.207, 3.210 Inverdovat, East Neuk of Fife 7.93 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.133 Hunter, Derek, Markinch churchyard 7.130 Inchmagranachan, Little Dunkeld 4.140 Invereighty, Angus 9.114 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.137, 3.138, 3.139 Hunter, Fraser Inchmickery Island, Firth of Forth 3.207, 3.208, 3.210, 3.214 Inveresk, Midlothian 4.91 Arbroath High Street 5.64 Roman Iron Age metalwork finds from Fife and Tayside Inchture, Perthshire , Angus Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.71, 7.72 2.113–2.125 marine shell radiocarbon determinations 9.3–9.5 ring-ditch houses 5.46 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.156 Romano-British brooch, Ironshill East, Angus 9.25, 9.26 prehistoric and medieval features 10.84, 10.85–10.93 see also Ironshill East Cromwell citadel, Perth 8.161 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire: souterrain 8.77–8.101 see also Mains of Inchture Inverkeithing, Fife 4.238 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.84 hunter-gatherers Inchturfin, Kinclaven parish 4.140–4.141 animal bones 2.105 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.105 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.13, 4.17 Inchtuthil, Perthshire chape, copper-alloy 1.63 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.193 Islay 4.15 Early Bronze Age axe 10.54, 10.55–10.57, 10.56 medieval burgh 4.236 St Andrews (South Street) 6.126, 6.127 hunting, Perthshire Neolithic sites, evidence from 8.9 place-name evidence 4.140 medieval market 2.73 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.52, 1.55, 1.58, 1.67, 1.71, hunting lodges, and moated sites 3.180, 3.181 Roman fortress 4.137, 4.138, 4.139, 10.55, 10.56 medieval pottery 4.84, 7.97 1.72, 1.73, 5.95, 5.97, 5.102–5.103 Huntly, Marquis of 10.136 Inchyra, Perthshire Inverlochy, Cromwellian fort 8.145, 8.164 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.84–9.85 Hurly Hawkin, Angus 8.94, 9.1 metalwork hoard 7.9, 7.10 , Perthshire, sculpture at 6.177 Star Garage, Montrose 1.44 broch 5.43 Roman coin hoard 2.118, 2.118 Invermay House, Perthshire, ice house 10.169, 10.173–10.174, Wemyss Caves 8.112 horse equipment 8.93 Roman Iron Age brooch 2.116, 2.117 10.174, 10.175 horse fittings/equipment Roman finds 9.25 index, of St Andrews Commissariat Records 7.129 Inverness copper-alloy, Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.93, 8.97, souterrain 8.80, 8.97, 8.98, 8.108, 9.65 indexing/transcription, of death records 7.131 Castle Street 4.199, 5.68, 5.69 8.98 hut circles Industrial Revolution 4.289, 4.296, 8.196 Cromwellian citadel 8.145, 8.164 iron Corrymuckloch Farm, Amulree, Perthshire 2.62, 2.68 and Dundee 4.181 fieldwalking project 8.1 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.94 Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.165–3.166 industries and crafts fishing industry 6.130 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.118 Glen Fender, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.170 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.81–2.85, 2.82, 2.106, Fort George 8.149 horse gangs, Glen Fender, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.171 Ormiston Farm, Newburgh, Fife 4.145, 4.146 2.112 Friars Street, pot quern 5.85 horse harnesses 2.113, 3.195, 3.197, 3.198, 3.199, 9.83 Salachill, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.172 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.131 Redware pottery 4.176 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.112 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.161–3.162, 3.164, 3.169 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.125–5.126 Invershin, Sutherland, axehead find spot 5.3 copper-alloy, Old Higham, Fife 3.189 Turin Hill, Angus 5.44 Arbroath 4.268 Iona horse meat 2.104 Hutcheson, Alexander, sculpture at Tealing 4.166 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.105, 3.106 monastic vallum 1.24, 1.25 horse racing, Uthrogle, Cupar, Fife: racecourse stand 5.163– Hutton, James, Dunino Church, Fife 8.125, 8.137 Fife 1.76–1.86 St Martinʼs Cross 6.159, 6.168 5.169, 5.164, 5.165, 5.166–5.168 Hydro-Electric Plc, Cragganester, Loch Tay: power lines 5.139, medieval Montrose 1.40, 1.41, 1.42 St Ronanʼs parish church 6.179 horseshoe scrapers, flint 8.7, 8.8 5.142 medieval St Andrews 7.58 sculpture at 6.164 horseshoes Perth soil survey 7.87 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.63, 7.64 i High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.98, 6.106 Iona School of sculpture 6.163 iron ice houses medieval South Street 9.77, 9.84–9.85, 9.86 Ireland Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.81, 2.82, 2.94 conservation issues/accessibility 10.170, 10.171–10.172, Scotstarvit, Fife 4.83, 4.88, 4.89 early monastic centres 1.24 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.118 10.173, 10.174, 10.175 see also salt panning industry; salt works; textiles Food Vessels 3.40, 3.41 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.125, 3.131 later uses 10.175 Ingeram de Kethenys, Archdeacon 4.166 moated sites 3.176, 3.183 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.157, in Perth and Kineaross/Fife 10.166, 10.167–10.176 inhumations see burials see also individual locations 3.158 RCAHMS CANMORE database 10.169–10.170 Innercochill, Glen Fender, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.171 Irish Annals, early settlement at St Andrews 1.23 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.79, 9.84 stone building techniques 10.172, 10.175 Innerleithen, Peebles 6.179 iron Horticultural Society (later Royal) 8.172 see also Dupplin Castle; Invermay House; Monzie Castle Innerpeffray, Perthshire 6.169 Arbroath trade in 4.268 horticulture 5.118 6.130 Innes Field, Tentsmuir Forest, Fife 8.140 waggonways in coal mining 3.205 medieval Montrose 1.36, 1.39, 1.40, 1.41, 1.46 iconography Innocent IV, Pope 4.235, 4.236 Iron Age 3.91, 3.100, 3.102, 4.117, 4.120, 5.121, 8.93–8.94, Perth High Street 6.94, 6.95, 6.106, 6.107 Pittensorn Farm, Perthshire: sculpture 4.129–4.136, 4.141 inscriptions 9.36, 10.19, 10.109 Tealing sculpture 4.166–4.167 Abernethy School features 10.80, 10.81, 10.83 46 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 47

Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.126 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.159, 8.160 Gleann Mor 4.14, 4.15 jewellery 3.182 Angus rock carvings 1.16 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.76, 6.82 and medieval iconography 4.160 Angus sites 9.60–9.62 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.43, 6.45, 6.48, 6.53–6.57, 6.54, sculpture 6.167, 6.182 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.98 cist burials 7.17, 7.20 6.56, 6.67 stone gaming board 4.145 and social status 4.161 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.123 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.129, 8.132, 8.133, 8.134 Isle of May see May, Isle of see also beads; bracelets; brooches; necklaces Dubton Farm, Angus: souterrains 8.19, 8.28–8.34, 8.30– East Wemyss 8.112, 8.121 Isle of Wight Joan, Queen (wife of David II) 6.139 8.33, 8.42, 8.51–8.52, 8.60–8.68, 8.70–8.72, 8.76 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.104, 3.106 fish ponds 8.187 Joanna, wife of Alexander II 7.95 Dundee Law fort 4.179 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.106 see also Newbarn Johan de Derlington, first minister of Dunlappie 9.97 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.91 Kinnoull Graveyard, Perth 4.291, 4.294 ivory, mirror-cases 4.158, 4.161 John Balliol, Crailʼs allegiance to 7.113 Fiskerton, Lincs, timber causeway 10.62 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.126, 10.130 John the Baptist, Saint, in sculpture 9.105, 9.106, 9.107 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17, 7.20 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.99 j John of Fordoun (chronicler) 6.33 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.45, 9.48, 9.49, St Andrews (South Street) 6.123, 6.124 Jackson, Adam, Dubton Farm, Angus: coarse stone 8.42 John, King 4.180–4.181, 4.264, 4.268, 5.50, 5.148, 7.17 9.52 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75, 5.82 Jackson, Helen 3.22 Kingʼs Lynn charter 5.153 North Straiton settlement 2.47, 3.74 St Johnʼs Place, Perth excavation 4.156 Jacobite Risings John XXII, Pope 4.266 and Roman finds 9.25–9.26 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.64 1715 6.138 Johnson, Melanie, Inchture: prehistoric pottery 10.88 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire: souterrain 8.77, 8.93, 8.97 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.79, 9.81, 9.83–9.84, 9.83 1745 5.131, 6.139 Johnston, James, Culross, Fife 4.229 sites in eastern Scotland 3.106 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.90 and Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.145, 8.147, 8.149, 8.150, Johnston, Lawrence, Culross, Fife 4.229 souterrains 9.9 Star Hotel, Montrose excavation 1.42 8.153, 8.154, 8.158, 8.163, 8.164, 8.167 Johnstoun, Mr John 6.139 structures 10.115 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.38, 7.40–7.41, 7.40 James I of Scotland, King, coins 3.191, 4.23 joinersʼ workshop, Tolbooth Wynd, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.119, Turin Hill 5.47, 5.48 White Church, Comrie 7.121, 7.124, 7.125–7.126 James III, King 9.109 3.121, 3.124, 3.128, 3.135, 3.141 Wemyss Caves 8.114, 8.121 see also belt-buckles; blades; buckle pin; buckles; cauldrons; James IV, King 3.112, 4.266 Jonathanʼs Cave, Wemyss 8.110, 8.111, 8.112, 8.113, 8.114– see also pottery; roundhouses chisel/punch; chisels; coffin fittings; girdles; handles; coins 3.189, 3.191, 3.193, 4.156, 7.98, 7.99, 7.101 8.119, 8.117, 8.120, 8.121 Iron Age, Early 9.24, 9.30, 9.52, 9.61 heuck; hook; horse fittings/equipment; horseshoes; keys; James V, King 4.267, 7.98 Jones, Dr M (Sheffield University) 4.150 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.98 knives; lock; nails; padlocks; pins; rings; shears; sickles; coins 3.193 jougs, use of 6.181–6.182 eating and drinking vessels 2.65–2.66 spearheads; spindle assembly; spinning-wheels; staples; James VI, King (later James I of England) 2.99, 4.226, 4.266, jugs (Hallstatt C?) ladles 2.65 vessels 6.139, 6.179, 7.114 bronze handle, Kinkell Cave 2.119 Newbarns, Angus 10.114 iron slag 8.84, 8.86, 8.88, 8.92 coins 3.189, 3.190, 3.191, 3.193 ceramic 4.84 querns 3.98 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.73 and Culross Palace 4.227 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.88, 2.91, 2.91 Iron Age, Middle, querns 3.98 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshireʼ5.112 ʻDaemonologyʼ (book) 9.125 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.116 Iron Age, Late Arbroath High Street 5.54 James VII, King 6.139 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129, 3.130 hearths 3.108 Ironshill, Angus 5.32, 5.33, 6.23, 10.114 James, Heather F anthropomorphic (Scarborough) 2.40 souterrains 3.114 Ironshill East, Inverkeilor, Angus 10.115–10.116 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.71 Arbroath Iron Age/Roman period palisaded enclosure 9.14, 9.15–9.33, 9.16, 9.19, 9.61 excavations at Kingsbarns 7.16–7.26 High Street 5.58, 5.59, 5.61 brooches, Pusk Farm 3.191 central structure 9.15, 9.19–9.20, 9.21, 9.22, 9.26, 9.29– Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline, Fife 7.27–7.33 Marketgate/Ladybridge 1.34 button-and-loop fastener 3.190 9.30, 9.31, 9.33 James, Robert, geophysical survey: Fife water pipeline route Bartmann 9.92 copper-working 3.57 Trench 1 9.15–9.22, 9.17, 9.18, 9.29 4.69 Crail 7.97, 7.98 metalwork 2.113–2.125, 7.9 Trench 2 9.15, 9.17 James, Saint, shrine at Santiago de Compostela 3.194, 3.201 Culross Palace, Fife 4.224 iron fragments Trench 3 9.15, 9.17, 9.21, 9.22, 9.29 James Stewart see Stewart, James Dundee 4.187, 4.188 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.130 ring-groove structures 9.15, 9.21, 9.22, 9.29, 9.31, 9.33 Janoch, Peter 9.113, 9.122 East Coast Redware 9.89 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.112 souterrain 9.22, 9.24, 9.26, 9.28, 9.30–9.31, 9.33, 9.61 Jarrow, monastic vallum 1.24 Post Medieval Oxidised Redware 9.89 Holly Road Bronze Age cemetery, Leven 10.32 Ironshill West, Angus, Roman finds 9.25 Jarvie, Bob (Perth Museum) 4.129 Scottish White Gritty Ware 9.89 iron industry Ironside, forest of 3.188 Jedburgh Abbey, Roxburghshire, stone gaming board 4.145 Yorkshire Type Ware 9.89 Muirkirk, Ayrshire 1.76 ironstone mines, Fife 1.76, 1.78, 1.80, 1.80, 1.84 Jerusalem, Knights of the Hospital of St John 6.204 earthenware, Throsk-type 7.9 use of lime 1.81 ironworking Jerusalem Howe (House), Rires (Reres) Wood, Tentsmuir Forgan smithy, Fife 4.95 iron monuments 7.131 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.124 8.141 Old Higham, Fife 3.190 iron objects Arbroath High Street 5.54, 5.68 Jervise, Andrew Perth 2.128 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.75–2.76, 2.79, 2.80, 2.81, Culross, Fife 4.205, 4.209, 4.210, 4.211, 4.213, 4.219, Cortachy sacrament house 9.105 St Andrews 2.82, 2.85, 2.86, 2.87, 2.91, 2.94–2.97, 2.95, 2.103 4.226–4.227, 4.228 Dunlappie Parish Church, Edzell 9.98 Byre Theatre 7.55, 7.59, 7.60 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.131 introduction of 7.9 on gravestones 7.129 St Nicholas Farm 1.60, 1.62, 5.89 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.117, 5.118–5.119 Kinkell Cave / Constantineʼs Cave 2.119 sculpture at Tealing 4.166 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.131–3.133, 3.132 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.88, 4.89 West Grange of Conon souterrain 9.65–9.73, 9.67 Saintonge-type 5.98 Arbroath, Marketgate/Ladybridge 1.33 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.92, 8.94 jet 3.31, 5.121 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.89 Arbroath High Street 5.63 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.41–7.43 fragment, Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.103 Siegburg 7.60, 9.92 Bertha water meadow works: grille 7.141, 7.143 see also smithies/smithing Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery 10.23, 10.30, Junior, Mr Alexander 6.139 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.53, 7.63–7.65, 7.64 irrigation see water meadows 10.34, 10.48 Jura cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.157, Isabella Bruce, Queen of Norway 5.151 ornaments, East Kinwhirrie, Kirriemuir, Angus 4.32 Lealt Bay 4.15 3.157, 3.158 Isla, River 4.54, 5.23 possible: spacer plate necklace 4.44 Mesolithic site 4.15 Constantineʼs Cave 8.114 Islay spindle whorl, Wemyss Caves 8.114, 8.121 Jutland 6.205 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.37 Bolsay Farm 4.14 see also beads; necklaces: Whitby jet Hagelbjerggard hoard 5.4 Crail 7.107 Food Vessels 3.39 jetton see under coins (French) 48 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 49

k Russian lead seals 6.213 Saintonge, south-west France 5.98 Kinnear (family) 4.234, 4.235, 4.236, 4.247 Keabog, Kincardine and Deeside, Beaker 3.46 Kilconquhar (Kinneuchar) loch 9.126 Stenhouse, Stirlingshire 2.126, 2.127, 4.170–4.171, Kinnear, Fife Keats, John: ʻOde to a Nightingaleʼ 8.178 Kilconquhar, Master Thomas de 5.72 4.176, 4.224 historical background 3.112–3.113 Keay, Alex, Dunino Church, Fife 8.125, 8.137 Kildalton, Islay, sculpture at 6.163 Tentsmuir, Fife possible 4.84, 5.97 medieval boundaries 4.233–4.245 Kedlock, Logie, Fife 3.112, 4.233, 4.234, 4.235 Kilellan, Islay, Food Vessel 3.39, 3.41 Throsk, Stirlingshire 4.170, 4.224, 5.97, 5.98 Kinnear Tower, Fife 4.234, 4.235, 4.238, 4.239 Keil Cave, Argyll 8.93 Kilgary, old chapel and Hermitage, Angus 9.97 Utrecht 5.98 , Moray, sculpture at 6.162 Keir, Perthshire 7.5, 7.8 Killearnie Castle, Fife 1.76 tile-making 7.68 Kinneil Mill, near Linlithgow, West Lothian, Bronze Age cemetery Keir Hill, Stirlingshire, pottery 8.94 Kilmany parish, Fife 3.75, 3.76, 3.112 Kilrenny, parish of, Fife 3.119 10.47 Kellie, Earl of 3.204 see also Wester Kinnear Kilrymont (Kilrimont), St Andrews, early religious centre 1.23– Kinnell, decorative stone panels 1.5 Kellie Castle, Fife 10.136 Kilmany village, Fife 3.76 1.24, 1.25 Kinnell parish, Angus see Bolshan Hill Kells, Co Meath Kilmaron, Cupar, Fife 6.179 Kinalty, Angus, cropmark site 6.15 Kinnettles, Angus 9.113, 9.114 4.134 Kilmaronag (Kilmaronen), Argyll 6.179 Kinbeachie, Easter Ross 8.4 see also South Leckaway (farmhouse) see also Book of Kells Kilmaronock, Dumbartonshire 6.179 lithics 8.47 Kinnettles Heritage Group 9.113 Kelso, Roxburghshire Kilmartin, Argyll 4.77 timber structure 8.47 Kinneuchar (Kilconquhar) loch 9.126 Berrymoss racecourse 5.163 cists 10.34 Kinblethmont, near Arbroath, Angus, circular dovecot 10.150 Kinninmonth (family) 4.233 post-medieval pottery 3.129, 6.120, 9.92 monument complex 1.20 Kincardine, Fife, salt pans 2.24 Kinninmonth, coal to Cupar 2.27, 2.28 see also Springwood Park Neolithic ritual activity 5.44 Kincardine, Ross–shire, monument 1.7 Kinnordy Moss, Angus 4.109 Kelso Abbey, Roxburghshire 2.127, 4.266 Kilmartin Cross, Argyll 4.166 Kincardine, Earl of 4.202 Kinnoull, earl of 5.163 medieval pottery 4.83 Kilminning, Fife 8.114 Kincardine Moss, Perthshire 7.5 Kinnoull, Perth 4.138, 7.10 Keltneyburn, Neolithic mound 6.3 kilns Kincardineshire, south, recumbent stone circles 5.15–5.21 Bronze Age metalwork 3.58–3.60, 3.58 Kelty, Fife, old coal workings 1.78 brick Kincraig, near Elie, Fife 3.207, 3.214 possible pottery kiln site 2.126–2.127, 4.170 Kemp/Camp Castle see Turin Hill, Angus Bridge Hill, Cupar, Fife 2.27, 2.34–2.37, 2.36, 2.37 Kincraigie, Perthshire, Food Vessel 3.40 Kinnoull Aisle, Perth 4.289, 4.291–4.292, 4.293, 4.299 Kempʼs Hold, Caputh 4.138 ʼNewcastleʼ type (Cupar, Fife) 2.37 Kindrochat, Perthshire, chambered cairn 6.2 Kinnoull Graveyard, Perth 2.55, 2.56, 7.123, 7.127 Kenly, water of, Crail 7.114 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.50, 7.55–7.56, 7.56, 7.58, 7.78, King, Michael 4.129 copper-alloy eyelet 2.55, 2.58, 4.292, 4.293, 4.294 Kenly Green Farm, Boarhills, Fife, flint knife with Food Vessel 7.79, 7.81 Cupar pottery deposits 2.35 copper-alloy pins 2.55, 2.57, 4.292, 4.293, 4.294 3.44 clamp-kilns 1.82, 1.83, 1.83, 2.43, 5.126 medieval metalwork finds from East Fife 3.188–3.203 glass/mother-of-pearl buttons with burial 2.55, 2.56 Kenmore, Loch Tay 9.12 Tanglehaʼ, Kincardineshire 2.43 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75–5.76 post-medieval excavations 4.289, 4.291, 4.292–4.294, logboat find 10.62–10.63 corn-drying 4.87, 4.89, 5.126, 5.132, 10.113 Kingdom Housing Association 3.119 4.293, 4.297, 4.298 Kennedy, Robert, farmer 3.37 Capo, Aberdeenshire 4.89, 10.113 Kinghorn, Fife Kinnoull Hill, Perth, Bronze Age socketed gouge 3.59, 3.60, 3.60 Kenneth MacAlpin 4.138, 4.264 possible, Inchture 10.89, 10.91 battery 3.207 Kinpurney Hill, Angus 5.46 Kennoway churchyard, Fife 7.131 St Andrews 6.133 Russian lead seals 6.213 Kineaross Kennyʼs Hillock, Moray, Food Vessel 3.40 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.83, 4.84, 4.85, 4.88, 4.89 single grave 2.42 parish church 8.179 Kent felling axe 6.55 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.170, 3.171 Kinghornness fort, Firth of Forth 3.207 Roman coin hoard 2.118 Kentigern, Saint 3.119 corn-drying/lime-burning Kinglassie churchyard, Fife 7.131 Kineaross House: walled garden 8.168, 8.169–8.181, 8.171 Kentraw, Islay, Food Vessel 3.39 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.127, 5.128–5.129, Kingoldrum, Angus, medieval boundaries 4.232, 4.240 evaluation trenches 8.173, 8.174, 8.175 Kerr, Captain James 4.202 5.132, 5.133 Kingʼs College Chapel, Aberdeen 6.195–6.196, 6.196, 6.197 Kinshaldy Mound, Tentsmuir Forest, Fife 8.139, 8.140, 8.141, Kerr, Dr N Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.109, 5.113, 5.114, Kingʼs Lynn, Norfolk 8.143 skeletal analysis 5.125, 5.126, 5.127, 5.135 seal matrix 5.153–5.156, 5.155, 5.157, 5.157, 5.159–5.160 Kintore, Aberdeenshire see Tavelty Farm Dalgety Bay short-cist, Fife 3.11, 3.21 furniture 6.83 trade links with Scotland 5.160 Kirby Green Farm, Fife, Food Vessel 4.75 Tanglehaʼ, Kincardineshire inhumationʼ2.42 Dundee, Overgate, possible 9.89, 9.92–9.93 tweezers 2.93 Kircudbright 4.271 Kersane, Walter 5.74 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar, possible 5.76 Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.97, 7.102, 7.106, 7.108, 7.110, 7.111– , Angus, Roman camp 4.99 Kessog, Saint 6.174, 6.180, 7.119 Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.111, 7.112, 7.115, 7.116 7.117, 7.111, 7.112, 7.113 Kirkburn, Dumfries and Galloway, Food Vessels 10.40 , Angus, sculpture at 6.160 lime 1.82, 1.82, 1.83, 2.43 Kingʼs Seat, Birnam 4.138 Kirkcaldy, Fife Kettlebridge, Fife 4.69 Hilderston, Bathgate Hills 5.126 Kingsbarns, Fife, excavations 7.16–7.26 Boyack Homes 10.23 Kettleburn, Caithness, broch 8.93 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.24 Kingsbarns Castle, Fife 7.17 copper-alloy awl 4.75 keys malting 1.4, 2.126 Kingsbarns Law, Crail, Fife, Food Vessels 10.40 Kirk Wynd Cemetery 7.129–7.130 copper-alloy 3.199–3.200, 6.55 and place-names 4.139 Kingseat, Fife, extractive workings 1.78 Links Pottery 2.34 Ardross, Fife 3.194, 3.197, 3.199–3.200 pottery Kingskettle churchyard, Fife 7.131 Presbytery of 9.125 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.158–8.159, 8.160 location of sites 2.126–2.129, 4.170, 4.172, 4.175 Kinkell, Aberdeenshire, sculpture 9.106 Russells of Kirk Wynd 6.229 Lindores Abbey, Fife 3.188, 3.189, 3.199, 3.200 Aardenburg 5.98 Kinkell Brae, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.58, 5.87, 5.91, salt pans 2.23, 2.24 iron 6.48, 6.54, 6.55, 6.56 Balchrystie, Fife, possible 4.84, 5.97 5.92 witchcraft trial and execution 9.125–9.126 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.86, 2.87, 2.94–2.95 Bergen op Zoom 5.98 Kinkell Cave, Fife 8.114, 8.121 Kirkhill, St Andrews 6.125, 7.80 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.131, 3.132, 3.132 Colstoun, East Lothian 2.40, 2.127, 4.84, 4.170, 4.176, Roman finds 2.119, 2.125 cemetery 3.146, 3.154, 3.155, 3.159 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.159, 8.160 5.76, 5.97 Kinloch of Kilrie, Colonel 7.136 chape, copper-alloy 1.63–1.64 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.130 Cupar, Fife 2.38, 2.39, 2.40, 2.41 Kinloch, Rhum early Christian stones 1.23–1.24, 1.26 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.81, 9.83 Kinnoull, Perth, possible 4.170 lithic assemblage 4.11, 4.14 , Angus, field drainage 10.182, 10.183 with kidney-shaped bows 9.83, 9.84 Leuchars 2.128 Mesolithic site 4.12, 4.15 Kirklands of Damside, Perthshire, moated site 3.178, 3.178, see also padlock keys Perth sites 2.126–2.127 Kinloch Rannoch, Perthshire 5.106 3.186 Kilconquhar, Fife Rattray, Aberdeenshire 2.40, 2.126, 2.127, 2.129, 4.170, golf course 5.128 Kirkmichael Glassary 6.178 parish of 3.193 5.76 Kinloss House and Farm, Cupar 5.72, 5.75, 5.80, 5.85 Kirkton, Fife 4.70, 4.71, 4.72 Kinnaird, Sir George, of Rossie 8.147 50 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 51

Bronze Age cemetery 4.69–4.78, 4.96 lay patronage in Tayside 9th/10th centuries 1.1–1.10 seal matrix 2.93 Bronze Age cremation burials 7.31 l lead wire rings 2.57 cropmarks 4.69, 4.77 La Tène bow brooches 2.121, 2.122 craftsmen in 4.160 Leith, Edinburgh 8.118 Fife water pipeline 4.67, 4.69 La Tène burial: Kuffarn, Austria 2.66, 2.67 sources of 4.159 Cromwellian garrison fort 8.145, 8.146, 8.163 Kirkton Barns, Fife, cropmarks 3.113 lace ends, copper-alloy, Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church for tiling 7.68 medieval pottery imports 5.97 Kirkton Barns Farm, near Forgan, Fife 3.64 10.129–10.130, 10.129 lead alloy objects Leith Docks, and coastal defence 3.207 Kirkton of Cults, Fife lace tags, copper-alloy 2.55, 2.56–2.57 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.131 Leith sands, horse racing 5.163 cropmarks 4.67, 4.69 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.80, 2.91–2.92, 2.94, 2.95 Ardross, Fife 3.194 Lemno Burn 1.7, 1.8 Early Bronze Age cemetery 10.49, 10.50 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.157, Ballinbreich Castle, Fife 3.190, 3.201–3.202 Leningrad (St Petersburg) Gospels 6.158, 6.163 Kirkton House, near Forgan, Fife 3.64 3.158 Balmerino Abbey, Fife 3.191, 3.202 Lennoch, Strowan, Perthshire 6.170, 6.173 Kirkton of Lethendy quarry 4.137 Comrie White Church 7.123, 7.124 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.63, 7.64 leprosy Kirkton Wood, near Forgan, Fife 3.68 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.76, 6.82 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.158 and crusades 1.48 , Orkney lade, Glen Fender, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.172 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.159, 8.160 medieval Montrose 6.30 North European earthenware 3.129 ladles, Late Bronze Age 2.63, 2.65, 2.66, 2.67 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.82 see also St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews post-medieval pottery 6.120, 9.92 Lady Anne Pit engine house, Preston Island 2.21 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.53, 6.54 Leslie, Alan Kirriemuir, Angus 7.136 Ladyhill, Elgin 7.72 medieval metalwork finds in east Fife 3.194 Forgan smithy 4.93–4.96 sculpture at 6.162, 6.164 Ladyloan, Arbroath, cists 4.264, 4.276 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.99 Roman camp at Edenwood, Fife 4.90–4.92 kitchen see Melgund Castle Ladyston, Perthshire, water meadow 7.137, 7.138 Queenʼs Gardens, St Andrews 3.191, 3.200 Leslie, Fife 3.190 kitchen gardens Laggan Hill quarry, Perthshire 6.169 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76, 5.82, 5.83 graveyard 7.131 development 8.170–8.173, 8.180 Laing, Alexander, on local spinning 3.201 St Monans, Fife 3.193, 3.200, 3.201 post-medieval excavations 4.289–4.290, 4.291–4.292, see also gardens; horticulture; Kineaross House ʻlairdʼs houseʼ, South Leckawayʼsee South Leckaway (early Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.83 4.294–4.296, 4.295, 4.297, 4.298 Knappilands Bridge, Perthshire 7.137 farmhouse) South Street, St Andrews 6.123 Lesmahagow, Lanarkshire 4.266 Knights Hospitallers, at Torphichen 1.4 Lairg, Sutherland 4.108 see also buckles; bullae, papal; pilgrim badges; spindle gritty wares 2.128 Knights of St John (Jerusalem) 1.4, 6.204 Iron Age 8.86, 8.93 whorls Letham, Angus see Guthrie Hill , at Meigle 1.4, 1.5, 1.8 Lamberton Moor, Berwickshire, Roman brooches 2.117 lead objects Letham Glen, Fife 10.24, 10.34, 10.49 knives Lamont, John, Cupar races 5.163 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.79, 2.80, 2.94, 2.101 quarrying 10.23, 10.25 bone handles 1.64, 1.65, 6.125 lamp holder, Edzell old church 6.146 see also pilgrim badges; seals; window cames Letham Grange, Angus 1.16, 5.10 Bronze Age 7.12 lamps, stone 5.47 lead slag, Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.23 Lethans Village, Fife 1.81 in butchery 2.104, 5.65, 6.104 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.102, 3.103 lead-tin see pewter Lethendy, Perthshire 6.182 flint 8.4, 8.5, 8.7, 8.8 Turin Hill, Angus 5.44 Lealt Bay, Jura, lithic assemblage 4.15 Lethnot, Angus, sculpture at 6.138, 6.167, 6.168 Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.30, 3.31 land tenure: feudal systems, and moated sites 3.176, 3.180 Learmonth Gardens, Linlithgow, circular dovecot 10.150 Leuchars, Fife 8.141 Callange, Ceres, Fife 4.74 land use leather remains axehead find spot 5.3 East Campsie, Angus 4.49, 4.54–4.55, 4.55, 4.59, 4.63, Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.164–3.168 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.75, 2.76, 2.78, 2.103 cropmarks 3.74, 4.68, 4.69, 4.96 4.65 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.161–3.174 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.116, 5.122, 5.124 ʻLeuchars wareʼ 5.97 with Food Vessels 3.44 landscape Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.128, 3.136 medieval boundaries 4.233 Holly Road, Leven, Fife: early Bronze Age cemetery Carse of Gowrie evolution 10.92 Arbroath High Street 5.55, 5.61, 5.64 medieval settlements 3.76 10.25, 10.32–10.33, 10.33, 10.48 see also boundary charters Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.83 pottery kilns 2.128, 7.97 Muirhall Farm short-cist 3.43–3.44, 3.44 landscape archaeology Dundee (Murraygate) 6.43, 6.45, 6.56–6.57, 6.67 St Athernase Church 5.82 Murton, Forfar, Angus 4.44 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.61 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.89, 6.100– Scottish White Gritty ware production 3.91, 3.104, 3.106 plano-convex 3.43, 10.33 medieval Scotland 3.69–3.70 6.101, 6.106 see also North Straiton West Scryne, Angus 4.49, 4.58–4.59, 4.60, 4.63, 4.65 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.161–3.175 St Johnʼs Place, Perth excavation 4.156 Leuchars Aerodrome, Fife 8.140 folding, copper-alloy, Cromwellʼs citadel, Perthʼ8.158 see also environmental archaeology St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.66 Leven, Fife iron landscape gardening, and sundials 7.67 spectacles 2.57 Roman coin hoard 2.118 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.81, 2.85, 2.95 Langohr, R 10.2, 10.3 and wire rings 2.58 see also Holly Road, Leven, Fife (early Bronze Age Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.124, 3.131, 3.133 larch trees 5.144 see also shoes/footwear cemetery) scale-tang 7.63, 7.64–7.65, 7.64 Largo churchyard, Fife 7.131 leather working Leven Links, Fife, salt pans 2.24 iron handles 6.99 Largoward, Fife, coal to Cupar 2.27, 2.28 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.107 Lewis, John Loanleven, Perthshire: cist 3.33 Lassodie, Fife, extractive workings 1.78, 1.79–1.80 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.125, 3.140, 3.141 Culross Palace and Bessie Bar Hall excavations, Fife 4.202– metal (for butchery) 6.104 Lassodie Brick Works, Fife 1.84 medieval Perth 9.86 4.231 wood handles 6.125 Latin language 6.168 Perth High Street 4.157 Holly Road, Leven, Fife: early Bronze Age cemetery 10.23– Knock of Crieff, Perthshire, metalwork 7.12 medieval boundary charters 4.232, 4.237, 4.238, 4.241 Wood Hall, West Yorkshire 3.182 10.53 Knock Hill, West Lethans, Fife 1.76 latrines Leckaway, Angus Melgund Castle, Angus 10.135–10.151 ironstone mine 1.80, 1.80, 1.81 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.57–7.58, 7.63, 7.70–7.71, 7.75– historical background 9.114–9.115 Lhanbryde, Moray, corn-drying kiln 10.113 Knockenny, Glamis, Angus, cist 3.32 7.76, 7.78, 7.79, 7.80, 7.81 see also South Leckaway Lianach longhouse, Balquidder, Perthshire 5.134 Knox, John 6.197 see also Melgund Castle Ledmore, Angus, possible Early Bronze Age mould 3.55–3.57, lignite, use of 5.121 Koon, Hannah, Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery: Laurenson family, Leckaway, Angus 9.114 3.56 lime, in human burial 3.155 human remains 10.40–10.44 Law Park, St Andrews, jet necklace 3.102 Legat, John 5.72 lime mortar 7.55, 7.56 Kreuger, Dr Ingeborg 4.152 Lawers House, Perthshire 8.179 Leicester, earls of 3.198, 5.146, 5.148 lime pollen 4.54 Kuffarn, Austria, La Tène burial 2.66, 2.67 Laws Hill, Angus, broch 5.43 Leicester lime-burning kilns see kilns Kurd hoard II, Late Bronze Age 2.65, 2.67 Lawson, William: The countryside housewife’s garden 8.175 lace tags 2.56 limestone Kyd, James (solicitor) 2.28 lead-alloy spindle whorl 3.201 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.132 52 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 53

Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.105 from funerary contexts 4.74 British Museum 4.150 Lumsden, Governor 6.71 limestone industry, Fife 1.81–1.83, 1.82–1.83, 1.84, 1.85 Kirkton, Fife: Bronze Age cemetery 4.73–4.74 buckle finds 3.195 Lunan Bay, Angus 9.29, 10.95 limestone quarrying, Tanglehaʼ, Kincardineshire 2.43 Perthshire scatters 8.1–8.9 Carpenterʼs Hall 6.55 Lunan Valley, Angus 4.62, 5.28, 5.30, 5.32, 5.33, 5.35, 10.114 limestone slabs, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.85 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.92, 8.94–8.95 ceramic roof tiles 7.68 Neolithic settlement patterns 1.20 Limoges, France: metal workshops 3.190, 3.193, 3.200 see also flint; stone Greater London: stove tiles 5.98 Lunan Valley Project 4.260, 4.272, 4.279 Lincluden College, Dumfries and Galloway Litigan, Aberfeldy, Perthshire 5.47, 5.126 and ice houses 10.167 Lunan Water 6.12, 9.15, 9.55, 9.56 collegiate church 9.109 9.1 iron keys 8.159 Lunanhead, Angus, lithics 4.94, 8.43, 8.48, 10.33 tomb of Princess Margaret 9.107, 9.108, 9.109 Little, John 4.41 keys with kidney-shaped bows 9.83 Lund, Sweden 7.71 Lindisfarne Gospels 6.163 Little Dunkeld, Perthshire 4.138, 4.139, 4.141 medieval metalwork finds 3.195, 3.198, 3.199 Lundin Farm, Aberfeldy, Perthshire, urn and cremation burial Lindores, Fife, Bronze Age logboat 10.62 Little Dunsinane, broch 5.43 mint 3.193 3.52 Lindores Abbey, Fife 4.146, 6.34, 6.61, 6.71 Little Gight, Aberdeenshire 8.1 Museum 2.93, 3.199, 6.55 Lunt, Dr D, skeletal material 3.22 medieval metalwork finds 3.188–3.189, 3.195, 3.197, 3.199, Littleour, Perthshire 8.9 pine timbers 8.197 Luss, Dunbartonshire, St Kessog 7.119 3.200, 3.202 flint 8.43 St Paulʼs Cathedral: seal 5.156–5.157 Lussa river, Jura, Mesolithic site 4.15 penannular brooch 2.114, 2.115 possible Neolithic structure 10.2, 10.17, 10.18, 10.19, 10.20 spectacle makersʼ guild 2.57 Lychtoun, James, parson of Dunlappie 9.97 Lindsay Aisle, Edzell, Angus 6.137, 6.139, 6.140, 6.141–6.147, livestock Temple Church 2.99, 4.157 Lymmysden, John de 7.114 6.142, 6.143, 6.145, 6.146, 6.149, 6.150, 6.151 damage to mound: Maryton Law, Angus 4.20–4.21, 4.29 Victoria and Albert Museum 3.194, 4.157 lynchets, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.170, 3.172 Lindsay family (Edzell) 6.138, 6.139, 6.140 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.73 London Journal 10.167 Lyndesay, David 9.114 Lindsay family (Leckaway) 9.114 see also animal husbandry long barrows 5.21, 5.21 Lyne, Peeblesshire 10.49 Lindsay, Mr Robert (Edzell minister) 6.139 Lix, West Perthshire 5.129, 5.134 Dalladies, Edzell 3.33, 8.16 Lynedoch, Lord 7.141 Lindsay, Sir William, Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews Llanwrust, Denbigh 6.197 see also barrows Lyon Light, Charles Hill gun battery 3.211, 3.212, 3.214, 3.215 3.143, 3.149 Llyn Fawr metal assemblage 7.9 Longannet Coal-Fired Power Station 2.1 Lyveden, Northamptonshire, tilery 7.68 linear features Loanhead, Aberdeenshire, stone circle 6.2 longbows 7.70, 7.71 Abernethy see souterrains Loanleven, Perthshire Longforgan, Dundee m in archaeology 4.96 Bronze Age cemetery 10.50 Roman temporary camp 4.99–4.105, 4.100, 4.101, 4.102 MacAlpin kings 6.169 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.66, 3.67, 3.68, 3.70, 3.72 cists 3.33 annex 4.99–4.101, 4.101, 4.103, 4.104, 4.105 Macaulay Soil Survey 4.171, 5.143, 9.12, 9.70, 9.93 Forgan, Fife 4.93 Food Vessel 3.39 longhouses McCallum, Mr Tom (Fife County Surveyor) 6.229 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.80, 4.81 pit alignment 2.50 central Perthshire 5.112 McCulloch, Tom, Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery: linen 4.268 Loch Bhac 5.132 Corrymuckloch Farm, Amulree, Perthshire 2.62, 2.68, 2.69 human remains 10.40–10.44 linen industry 4.181, 5.118 Loch Earn 6.168 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.92, 3.94, 3.95–3.98, MacDonald, Sir George 4.150 ling heather 9.45, 9.49, 10.109, 10.112 Loch Fithie, Forfar, Angus 4.32, 4.45 3.96, 3.100, 3.105, 3.106, 3.110, 3.111, 3.113 MacDougall, Dr J D B, human bone analysis 4.46 Links, Perthshire, moated site 3.178, 3.178, 3.185 Loch of Kinnordy 7.136 Lianach, Balquidder, Perthshire 5.134 McDowall, Andrew, of Logan 8.183, 8.187 Linlithgow, West Lothian 7.7, 7.12 Loch Leven Castle 8.170 see also Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire Macduff, Earl of Fife 9.97 human skeletal remains 3.146, 3.154, 3.155 Loch Leven, Kineaross 1.76 loomweights Macduffʼs Castle, Wemyss, Fife 8.112, 8.114, 8.115, 8.119, wire ring 2.57–2.58 Loch of Lintrathen reservoir, Angus 10.179 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.112, 5.126 8.121, 8.122 see also Learmonth Gardens Loch Luig, cairn 3.24, 3.47 possible, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.127 circular dovecot 10.150 Linlithgow Palace, West Lothian 6.57 Loch Tay Loudon, J C, Encyclopedia of Agriculture 7.137 Macfarlane, Walter 8.172 Linlithgow Parish Church, West Lothian 6.195 Cragganester earthen enclosure dyke 5.139–5.145, 5.140 Loudoun Hill, Ayrshire 8.93 MacFarlaneʼs map of Perth (1792) 5.163 linseed/flax 3.108, 3.111 Prehistoric rock carvings 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.12 Louis XIII, King 7.98, 7.99 McGill, Catherine lint industry, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.164 Loch Tummel 5.107, 5.126 Loups, Tannadice, Angus, cup-marks 1.15 Hawkhill cropmark enclosure: pottery 9.60 lint mill, Crail 7.114 Lochan nan Cat, Ben Lawers 9.7 Loups, The (Devonshaw), Fife 1.81 Ironshill East enclosure and structures 9.15–9.33 lintels Lochgarry House 5.107 Low family 10.163 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure: pottery 9.44 Kirkton House, near Forgan, Fife 3.64 Lochgelly, Fife 3.181 Low, John 10.163 Newbarns, Inverkeilor: cropmark excavations 10.94, 10.95– stone extraction sites 1.76 Low Buried Shoreline (LBS), Fife Ness 4.12 10.118 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.129, 5.132 Lochhill, Kirkcudbrightshire, mortuary structure 8.16 Low Countries Shanzie Farm, Perthshire: prehistoric pottery 8.90, 8.94 Brechin, Nos 68–74 High Street 10.152, 10.153, 10.163 Lochlane, Strowan, Perthshire 6.171, 6.172, 6.173 Arbroath trade with 1.34 MacGregor, Gavin timber: South Leckaway 18th-century farmhouse 9.115, Lochmaben Castle, Dumfriesshire, padlock key 6.56 medieval pottery from 2.128 archaeological work on Fife water pipelines 4.67–4.98 9.117, 9.121 Lochore, Fife, extractive workings 1.76, 1.84 moated sites 3.176 Cragganester earthen enclosure dyke, Loch Tay 5.139– Lintrathen, Loch of see Loch of Lintrathen Lochore Country Park, Harran Hill, Fife, old coal workings 1.78 Montrose trade with 1.36, 1.40, 1.43 5.145 lion footrest, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.98–2.99, 2.98, Lochore Mary Pit, Fife 1.81 pantiles from 3.135 McGuckin, Scott 10.59 2.110 Lochspouts, Ayrshire, Iron Age 8.93 see also Netherlands Machany Water, Perthshire 7.137, 7.138 Lionn Mhor see Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire lock, iron, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.96–2.97 Low Parks, Hamilton 4.175 Moor, Arran, stone circles 10.20 Literary and Antiquarian Society of Perth (LASP) 7.1, 7.2, 7.4, logboat at Carpow, Perthshire 10.58, 10.59–10.63, 10.60, 10.61 Lowe, Christopher E Machuim, Perthshire, stone circle 9.9 7.7, 7.8, 7.11 Logie, near Kirriemuir, Angus 7.136 Crail: medieval burgh deposits 7.93–7.109 Maciejowski Bible 6.55 Lithic Scatters Project (LSP) 8.1 Logie parish, Fife 4.233, 4.234 Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.111–7.117 McIntosh, Charles 8.176, 10.168 lithics Logiealmond, Perthshire 6.169 Lower Largo, Fife 2.119 Mackay, Maj-Gen Hugh, of Scourie 8.145, 8.164 Castle Menzies Neolithic enclosure, Perthshire 8.11 , Perthshire, pearl fishing 7.8 Lower Old Red Sandstone (LORS) 9.65, 9.113, 9.121 Mackenzie, James R Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house 4.113 Logies Lane, St Andrews see under churches (St Andrews: Lowʼs Work, Perthshire 7.142 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee: excavations Dubton Farm, Angus 8.21, 8.28, 8.29, 8.42–8.49, 8.47, 8.69, Church of the Holy Trinity) Luklaw, John 5.74 4.179–4.201 8.73 London Lumphinnans, Fife, extractive workings 1.81, 1.84 medieval development and cemetery of Church of the Holy Forgan smithy, Fife 4.93, 4.94–4.95 belt fittings 3.198 Lumsden family 7.114 Trinity, St Andrews 3.143–3.160 Star Garage excavations, Montrose 1.36–1.47 54 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 55

Mackenzie, Reverend J B 9.12 Mansfield, Earl of, Scone estate 7.136 drainage systems 10.180 oven 10.140 Mackenzie and Moncur Limited, Messrs. 8.177 maple remains 7.71 landscape archaeology 3.69–3.70 south terrace 10.144–10.147, 10.145, 10.150 MacLagan, Sir Eric (Victoria and Albert Museum) 4.150, 4.156 march-stones 4.232 shale object 5.121 stonework 10.136, 10.139, 10.143, 10.144, 10.150 MacLaglan, C, Wemyss Caves carvings 8.111 marching camps, Roman 4.101 Abernethy School features 10.80 tower house 10.137–10.139, 10.140, 10.147 Maclaren, James (architect) 6.83 in Fife 2.118, 2.119 Arbroath 4.260–4.288, 5.50–5.71 vestibule 10.139, 10.141, 10.142, 10.150 McLaren, T (Perth Burgh Surveyor) 4.150, 4.155, 4.156, 4.157 see also Edenwood; Longforgan, Dundee Carse of Gowrie 10.92 wine cellar, possible 10.149 MacLeod, Colin D, ʼPictish beastʼ: inscribed stonework 7.45– Margaret, daughter of Alexander III 5.160 Dun Knock hillfort 10.65 Melrose, Roxburghshire 7.47 Margaret, Princess, tomb in Lincluden College 9.107, 9.108, East Fife metalwork finds 3.188–3.203, 3.189 Chronicle of Melrose 1.25 McManus Galleries, Dundee 4.166, 6.211 9.109 Easter Kinnear, Fife: rural settlement 3.74–3.76, 3.77, Old Melrose, monastic enclosure 1.25 McPherson, Rev Dr John G 5.23 Margaret, Queen (later Saint), and Dunfermline 2.71–2.73, 3.113–3.114, 3.115 Melrose Abbey, Roxburghshire 4.235, 6.195 MacSween, Ann 2.108, 2.110 Inchture 10.89, 10.92 Abbotʼs Hall 2.109 Belliston Farm Food Vessel 3.9–3.10, 3.21 marine molluscs, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.137, 3.139, 3.141 Kinnear estate, Fife 3.112–3.113 architectural features 9.106, 9.107–9.108, 9.107, 9.109 Dubton Farm, Angus pottery report 8.34–8.42 Maritime Fife Project 8.187 Meigle sculpture collection 1.1–1.10 Melville Castle Muniments 7.119 Mains of Melgund Food Vessel 4.52 marker stones, Arbroath 4.270, 5.54, 5.62, 5.63 Newbarns, Angus 10.115 , Angus 6.138 McSweeney, Kath, Holly Road, Leven: early Bronze Age Market Weighton, Yorkshire, Russian lead seals 6.211 Perth South Street excavations 9.75–9.87 medieval sculpture collection 1.7 cemetery: cremated bone 10.44–10.45 markets, medieval, in Crail 7.102–7.103, 7.104 St Andrews Menteith, earldom of 6.168 , Perthshire 6.170, 6.174 Markinch, Fife burgage plot see Byre Theatre, Abbey Street Mercat Cross Maeatae 10.83 churchyard 7.130 and cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity 3.143–3.160 Crail 7.102, 7.106 magnetometer surveys tower 1.25 St Christopherʼs Parish Church, Cupar 5.72–5.86 Crieff Burgh Cross 6.180–6.182 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.80, 3.81–3.82, 3.83 Marlehall, near Newmill, Perthshire 4.174 Scotstarvit, Fife: settlement 4.79–4.90 Mercer, Roger, Balnaguard excavation 3.24 pit alignment at North Straiton, Fife 2.45, 2.47 Marquis, David 5.1 Scottish pottery industry 2.126–2.129, 4.170–4.178 merelles, game of 4.145–4.148, 4.148, 4.267 Mainard the Fleming 7.80 Marquis, Eileen 5.1 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.163, 3.169, 3.170, 3.174 Merlsford, Fife, ʻwarriorʼ burial 2.120, 2.120, 2.122, 2.125 Mains of Balgavies, Angus 4.49, 4.55–4.57, 4.56–4.57, 4.63 Mars, HMS 8.185 Tanglehaʼ, Kincardineshire: inhumation 2.42–2.44 Merton Priory seal 5.151 cup-and-ring markings 1.12, 1.15–1.16 MARS project 5.30 Tealing, Angus: sculpture 4.166–4.169 Meru, Seine-et-Oise, France 2.55 Mains of Careston, Careston, Angus 4.32, 4.40, 4.62 Marsfield, Anstruther Wester, Fife: fish pond 8.185, 8.187 Wester Kinnear, Fife: marches 4.232–4.247 Mesolithic period 8.47, 8.48 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure, Angus 5.30, 5.31, 5.33, Martin, Colin J M, 19th-century vernacular pottery, Cupar, Fife late: worked stone, Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church Angus field study area 5.34 9.34, 9.35–9.55, 9.36, 9.37, 9.53, 9.60–9.62, 9.64 2.27–2.41 10.129 Castle Menzies enclosure 8.15, 8.18 mineral magnetic profiles 9.49–9.51, 9.50, 9.53 Martin, Edward 2.35 see also Anstruther Easter, Fife (Tolbooth Wynd excavation); Craighead Golf Course, Fife Ness, Fife 4.1–4.19 multiple (concentric) ditches 9.36, 9.38, 9.64 Martin, Paula moated sites; St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews dating of early settlement in Scotland 4.16 Inner 9.38, 9.39, 9.41, 9.50–9.51, 9.52 19th-century vernacular pottery, Cupar, Fife 2.27–2.41 Meffan Institute, Forfar 5.32 Forgan Smithy, Fife 4.94, 4.95 Inner and entrance 9.38, 9.40, 9.54 salt-water fish ponds in Fife 8.183–8.189 sculpture 6.138 lithic scatters 8.2, 8.5 Medial 9.38–9.40, 9.41, 9.45, 9.50, 9.52, 9.54 Uthrogle, Fife: early 19th-century racecourse stand 5.163– Meigle, Perthshire, sculpture 1.1–1.10, 1.1–1.6, 4.136, 4.137, Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.94–8.95 Outer 9.38, 9.40–9.41, 9.42, 9.44, 9.50, 9.51, 9.52, 9.54 5.169 4.139, 4.141, 4.161, 6.158, 6.161, 7.45, 7.46 metal detecting 7.9 slots 9.41, 9.43 Martincamp flask, at St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.93, 5.101 Meikle, James: Places and Place-Names Round 8.98 metalwork Mains of Gourdie, Perthshire, moated site 3.178, 3.178, 3.180, Martine, George, of St Nicholasʼ leper hospital, St Andrews 1.50 Meikle Kenny, Kingoldrum, Angus 4.32, 4.40–4.41, 4.41, 4.45, Bronze Age: Kinnoull, Perth 3.58–3.60 3.185 Mary, Queen of Scots 4.265 4.62, 4.63 Early Bronze Age sites 10.55 Mains of Inchture, Perthshire 10.92 Mary Rose 7.70 Meiklejohn, William (farmer) 4.48 see also axes Mains of Kelly, near Carnoustie, Angus, Neolithic pottery 8.41 Marygoldhill, Berwickshire, pitted boundary 2.50 Meine-Gwyr, Wales 6.2 Middle Bronze Age 7.5 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno, Angus 4.32, 4.43–4.44, 4.43, Maryton Law, Angus, evaluation of prehistoric mound 4.20– Meldon Bridge, Peeblesshire Late Bronze Age 10.62 4.49–4.54, 4.50, 4.62, 4.63, 4.64–4.65 4.30, 4.21–4.24 Neolithic pottery 8.41 from Forth Valley 7.1, 7.5–7.7, 7.10–7.11 Malcolm Canmore (Malcolm III), King 1.25, 6.33, 9.97 Maughold cross, Isle of Man 6.167, 6.182 pit alignment 2.50 from Scottish rivers 7.1–7.15, 7.6 and Dunfermline 2.71, 2.72, 2.73 Maule, Harry, of Boath 10.136 Meldrum, James 7.115 from Tay 7.1, 7.6, 7.8, 7.10–7.11 Malcolm IV, King 3.112, 3.143, 3.190, 4.233, 7.93, 7.95, 7.105, Maxwell, Robert, The Practical Husbandman 7.135–7.136 Melgund Burn 10.135, 10.137, 10.143, 10.144, 10.147 Roman Iron Age finds from Fife and Tayside 2.113–2.125 9.97 May, Isle of 6.80, 7.72, 7.95 Melgund Castle, Angus 10.134–10.151, 10.135, 10.136, 10.142 medieval finds from East Fife 3.188–3.203, 3.189 Maldives 8.122 bird remains 3.139 barmkin 10.137, 10.139, 10.141, 10.142–10.144, 10.149– collection: Paterson, Alexander 7.12 Malise, Earl of Strathearn 9.103 herring salting industry 2.24 10.150, 10.151 Crieff finds 6.175 Malise II of Strathearn 5.159 medieval pottery imports 5.97 boundaries excavated 10.142–10.144 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.26 Malise III of Strathearn 5.159 Mesolithic activity 4.95 cellars 10.137, 10.139, 10.140 Llyn Fawr metal assemblage 7.9 malt for brewing 7.81 monks of 3.193 circular structure F308 (?dovecot) 10.145, 10.146, 10.147, Melgund Castle 10.148 malt mill, Arbroath 4.268 Priory of May 3.119 10.150, 10.151 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.92, 6.93, 6.94, malt-steading, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.141 May, Water of 10.173, 10.174 dais chamber 10.137, 10.139, 10.141 6.98, 6.101, 6.107 malthouse, possible: Bessie Bar Hall, Culross 4.204, 4.229 Maygate, Dunfermline see Abbotʼs House drains 10.142, 10.147, 10.150 see also copper-alloy objects; Corrymuckloch Late Bronze malting, possible: St Andrews, South Street 6.116, 6.133 Meall nan Tarmachan range 9.7 east range 10.137, 10.139–10.141, 10.147, 10.149 Age hoard; gold; iron objects; ironworking; lead/lead alloy malting kilns see kilns, malting Mearns, medieval deanery of 6.138 fireplaces 10.140, 10.141 objects; swords Malton, Yorkshire, Russian lead seals 6.211 medicines hall (main: first-floor) 10.137, 10.140–10.141, 10.140 metalworking Malvoisine, William, Bishop of St Andrews 3.191, 4.160 bottle storage 5.122 hall (private: first-storey) 10.137, 10.138–10.139, 10.138 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.73, 2.75, 2.81–2.83, 2.103, seal 5.148, 5.149 and plants 7.77, 7.79, 7.81, 8.170 kitchen 10.137, 10.139–10.140, 10.140, 10.147, 10.149 2.106, 2.107, 2.112 Man, Isle of see Isle of Man medieval or later rural settlement (MOLRS) 5.135–5.136 latrine chamber 10.139 Abernethy School 10.79, 10.80, 10.81 manors medieval period north side 10.141–10.142, 10.141 Arbroath High Street 5.53–5.54, 5.54, 5.55, 5.56, 5.68–5.69 manor houses and gardens, 18th-century 9.30 13th-century seals 5.146–5.162 north-east tower 10.141 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.104, 3.105 and moated sites 3.180, 3.184 Ewart Park phase 2.66, 3.60 56 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 57

ferrous see ironworking 504 Coast Regiment RA (TA) 3.210, 3.214 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.84 Russian lead seals 6.211 in medieval Perth 4.157, 4.159 505 Coast Regiment RA (TA) 3.214 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.58, 6.59, 6.60 Montrose, first Duke of 8.179 Meuse and Rhine valleys 5.146 Royal Engineers, Charles Hill gun battery 3.209–3.210 Inchture: radiocarbon determinations 9.3–9.5, 9.4 Montrose, Marquis of 10.164 non-ferrous, Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.93, 8.94, mill, game of see merelles marine: Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.137, 3.139, 3.141 Monymusk, Aberdeenshire, sculpture at 6.182 8.97 Millar, John, shipowner in Kirkcaldy 7.130 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.84–5.85 Monzie, Perthshire 6.169, 6.181 possible Early Bronze Age mould, Ledmore, Angus 3.55– Millar, Jonathan, Dunlappie Parish Church, Edzell 9.97–9.102 Moloney, Colm J gold objects 7.12 3.57, 3.56 Miller, D, 1832 plan of Cupar 2.30, 2.37 Byre Theatre, Abbey Street, St Andrews 7.49–7.86 henge 6.4 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.88, 4.89 Miller, Jennifer medieval development and cemetery of Church of the Holy Monzie Castle, Perthshire Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.34, 7.38, 7.41–7.43, 7.41 Carsie Mains: botanical remains 10.8–10.17 Trinity, St Andrews 3.143–3.160 ice house 10.169, 10.170–10.172, 10.171, 10.175 use of caves 2.119 Inchture, Perthshire: palaeobotanical remains 10.89, 10.91 Montrose, Angus: 16 Wishart Avenue excavation 6.27–6.31 moated site 3.178, 3.178, 3.185 see also slag Tarvit to Balmullo pipeline: plant remains 7.30–7.31 monasteries , Perthshire 6.169, 6.173 Methil, Fife, salt pans 2.23, 2.24 Miller, Philip 10.167 dissolution of 8.172 church at 6.174, 6.176 Methven, David, Cupar pottery manufacture 2.29, 2.34 Miller, Suzanne, Shanzie Farm, Perthshire: stone objects 8.88 and freshwater fish ponds 8.183 Moonshade, near Cargill 4.137 Methven, John, Links Pottery, Kirkcaldy 2.34 Milligan, Seaton F, Collection 3.58 and kitchen gardens 8.170 Moore, Kevin, Brechin, Angus: Nos 68–74 High Street, early Methven Loch, Perthshire 3.23, 3.24 Millplough, south Kincardineshire, recumbent stone circle 5.17– and the pottery industry 4.175 timber-frame roof 10.153–10.165 Methven, Minister of see Dowe, Rev John 5.18, 5.18, 5.19 monastic valla 1.24–1.25 Moray, Earl of see Stewart, James mice bones, Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.194 mills 7.115 Moncrieffe, Perthshire Moray Firth 7.45, 7.46 Michael Cave, East Wemyss 8.112, 8.121 corn 4.268, 8.163 henge 6.2, 6.4 Moray House, Edinburgh, terraced garden 8.172 Michael Colliery, East Wemyss 8.112, 8.114 see also Kingʼs Mills, Crail; water–powered mills; windmills Late Bronze Age chisel 3.60 Mordred, Pictish King 1.2 Michael, Saint 6.166 Mills, Coralie M recumbent stone circle 5.12 Moredun, Edinburgh, cist burial 7.20 microburins, flint, Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.7, dendrochronology (St Andrews) 6.201–6.210 Moncrieffe Hill, Perthshire 10.62 Morenish Hotel, Loch Tay 9.8 4.10, 4.10 Elie Harbour, Fife: Granary and dendrochronology 8.191– hillfort 7.10, 7.12 Morow, John (mason) 9.108, 9.109 microliths, flint 8.198 Moncrieffe House, Perthshire Morris, Andrew 7.114 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.1, 4.7, 4.9–4.10, millstone quarrying, Turin Hill, Angus 5.41, 5.44 Gask stone 4.138 Morris, Ronald, Charles Hill gun battery 3.207–3.215 4.10, 4.11, 4.13, 4.14, 4.15, 4.17, 4.19 millstones 7.112, 7.115 ice house 10.169, 10.175 Morris, Tom (golfer) 4.258 Mesolithic sites 4.15 Miln, Andrew, minister of Dunlappie and 9.97 Moncur Castle, Perthshire, moated site 3.178, 3.184, 3.185 morris, game of see merelles Morton, Fife 4.14, 4.95 Milquanhzie Hill quarry (Cultoquhey quarry), Perthshire 6.169 , Perthshire 6.181 Morrison, Col D W M 4.42 micromorphology, soil 7.87–7.90 Milton, Friockheim 6.12 Moneypenny, James, of Pitmilly 7.114 mortar Midcalder, Midlothian 6.195 Milton of Balgonie, Fife 7.131 Monifieth, Angus Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.102 midden deposits Milton of Leuchars, Fife, record crop yield 3.78 sculpture 1.5 Arbroath High Street 5.55, 5.63–5.64 Crail 7.101–7.102, 7.107, 7.108 Milton of Machany, Perthshire, water meadow 7.137, 7.138– see also Woodhill House Cromwellʼs citadel, Perthʼ8.153, 8.164 Perth 9.76 7.139 Monimail, Fife, cropmarks 3.113 Kineaross House 8.176 South Street, Perth 9.77, 9.78, 9.79, 9.80, 9.81, 9.87 Milton of Rattray, Blairgowrie, cropmark site 6.8, 6.9–6.17, 6.10, Monk (Monck), General George 4.181, 6.71, 8.145, 8.164 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76, 5.77, 5.82 see also ʻspiritual middensʼ (Anstruther: 21 Shore Street) 6.11 Monkʼs Cave (Charles Hill gun battery), Fife 3.213, 3.214 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.96 middens mineral magnetic profiles, Mains of Edzell enclosure 9.49–9.51, Monktonhall, Midlothian 6.16 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.81 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.76, 2.78, 2.80, 2.84 9.50, 9.53 Monquhitter, Aberdeenshire, pebble deposition 9.70 Wemyss Caves 8.114, 8.115, 8.120, 8.121 Cromwell citadel, Perth 8.149, 8.150, 8.154, 8.155, 8.161, Minto, Baronet of see Elliot Monteith, Robert, on gravestone inscriptions 7.129 Mortcloth dues 6.140, 6.141 8.165, 8.167 mints, medieval Montgoldrum, south Kincardineshire (ʻThe Campʼ), recumbent Morton, Earl of 8.170 Tentsmuir Forest ʻmoundsʼ 8.139–8.141, 8.140, 8.142 Berwick on Tweed 3.193 stone circle 5.18–5.20, 5.19, 5.20 Morton, Fife 8.139, 8.140 Wemyss Caves 8.117, 8.118, 8.119, 8.120 Calais 3.191 Montgomery, Sir Basil 8.170, 8.175–8.176, 8.177, 8.179, 8.180 Mesolithic site 4.12, 4.14, 4.15, 4.95 Middle Gourdie quarry 4.137 Canterbury 3.192, 3.193 Montgomery, Sir David 8.179 Mortuary Cave, Fife 8.114 Middlesknowe, Roxburghshire, horse equipment 8.93 Dublin 3.189 Montgomery, Sir James 8.170 mortuary enclosures Middleton, Co. Durham, sculpture at 6.164 London 3.193 Montgomery Watson 7.27 Neolithic 10.115 Middleton, Mike, Edzell Old Church, Angus 6.141–6.147 mirror-cases 4.152 Monticello, near Charlottesville 8.180 possible 10.2, 10.20 Midhope Castle, West Lothian 6.203 bone 4.158 Montrose, Angus see also funerary monuments; funerary rituals Midton of Ballineareigh, Glen Fender, Strathbraan, Perthshire ivory 4.158, 4.161 16 Wishart Avenue (medieval cemetery) 6.26, 6.27–6.31, mortuary structure, timber 8.16 3.171 Tristram and Iseult mirror-case, Perth 4.150–4.165, 4.151, 6.28–6.29 Moscow, State Historical Museum 6.221 Midtown of Pitglassie, Aberdeenshire, lithics 8.47–8.48 5.160 32 Castle Street excavation 1.36, 1.46 Mote of Mark, Dumfries and Galloway, medieval pottery 8.141 Migdale axe tradition see axes Mirton, Thomas de 5.72 archaeological sites 5.33 Motray Water, Fife 3.74, 3.76, 3.77, 3.80, 3.112, 4.233, 4.238, milestones, East Neuk, Fife 6.228, 6.229–6.230 Mitchell, Archibald, Cupar brick manufacture 2.29 Blackfriars Street 6.30 4.240 military fortifications 8.146 MʼLaurin, Alexander 7.137 Hospital of St Mary the Virgin 6.30 motte and bailey castle, Castle Hillock, Edzell, Angus 6.137 see also Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth; forts; hillforts Moat Pit Island, coal mining 2.3 internal trade 4.268 mottes 3.176, 3.184 Military Road (Wade) moated sites in Tayside and Fife 3.176–3.187, 3.177, 3.178 races 5.163 possible: Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.20, 4.24 Corrymuckloch Farm, Amulree, Perthshire 2.62, 2.67, 2.68, Moffat, Brian, Food Vessel residue, Mains of Melgund 4.49, Redware pottery 4.177 Moug, James, younger 10.163, 10.164 2.69 4.52–4.54, 4.64 Star Garage excavations 1.36–1.47, 1.37–1.42 mould fragments, ceramic 6.101 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.164–3.165, 3.166, 3.167, 3.172 Moll, H, map of Angus 9.114 Star Hotel 1.42–1.43 moulding, stone, cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St military training/parades, South Inch, Perth 8.149, 8.155, 8.158, molluscs taxation 4.265, 4.266 Andrews 3.158 8.165 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.104, 2.106 trading rivalry with medieval Dundee 4.181 moulds military units Almondbank short-cist cemetery, Perthshire 3.24 see also Bolshan Hill pilgrim badge 3.194 32nd (Minden) Coast Battery RA 3.214 Arbroath High Street 5.64, 5.66 4.49, 5.1 stone 58 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 59

for flat axes 3.55–3.57, 3.56 Harris Museum, Preston 7.12 iron horseshoe 6.55 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.19–8.28, 8.20, 8.22–8.27, 8.42– Pusk Farm, Fife 3.191 Hawick, Roxburghshire 10.62 for roof tiling: Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.65 8.60, 8.61, 8.68–8.70, 8.72, 8.76 Moulin Moor, near 5.129 Hunterian 8.114 nails/tacks, copper-alloy 2.93, 2.94, 6.82 Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.165 mound, prehistoric: Maryton Law, Angus 4.20–4.30 Kirkcaldy 8.113, 8.121 Nairn, Judith 4.258 Holly Road, Leven: early Bronze Age cemetery 10.47, Mount Stuart, Bute, Food Vessel 3.39 Laing Museum, Newburgh 7.8 Nairn, axehead find 5.3, 5.4 10.48, 10.53 mounts London Name Book, Forfarshire (1863) 5.23, 5.26 Inchture features 10.87, 10.89, 10.91 cavalry harness, Hurly Hawkin 9.25 British Museum 4.150 Napoleon Bonaparte 3.207 North Straiton farm, Fife: pit alignment 2.47–2.48, 2.50 copper-alloy Museum of 2.93, 3.199, 6.55 Nasmyth, Alexander 8.182, 8.185 Rotteneareoch long cairn 6.176 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.76, 2.92, 2.95 Victoria and Albert Museum 3.194, 4.157, 6.197 Nathro and Calletar Survey Area 5.34 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.161 Ballinbreich Castle, Fife 3.190, 3.200–3.201, 3.201 Meigle old schoolhouse 1.1, 1.3 National Coal Board 1.85 Wemyss Caves 8.111, 8.112, 8.118, 8.121 Lindores Abbey, Fife 3.189 Montrose Museum 4.49, 5.1 National Museums of Scotland, Edinburgh see museums White Caterthun, Angus 3.57 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84 Moscow: State Historical Museum 6.221 National Trust for Scotland (NTS) 4.204–4.206 Late, funerary monuments 4.77 Mountstewart, Perthshire, lithic scatter 8.1, 8.2, 8.9 Musèe de Cluny, Paris 3.199 Nechtan, King 1.5, 5.47 Late/Early Bronze Age Mugdrum Island 7.10 Museum of Country Life, Auchindrain, Inveraray 4.229 Nechtansmere, Battle of 5.47 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.68 Muir Homes Ltd 3.11 Museum of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 7.8 necklaces Newbarns, Angus 10.101, 10.108, 10.113 Muiredachʼs Cross, , Co Louthʼ4.134 National Museum of Antiquities of Scotland 10.55 disc-and-fusiform bead, Almondbank, Perthshire 3.32, 3.33 rural settlement 3.70 Muirhall Farm, Perthshire, short-cist 3.23, 3.24, 3.43–3.44, National Museum of Ireland, Dublin 3.58 glass bead 7.126 timber circles 10.19 3.44, 4.63 National Museums of Scotland 6.196, 6.211, 8.142 jet see also pottery Muirhead, Perth and Kineaross, probable souterrain 10.73 lithics 8.2, 8.5 Almondbank, Perthshire 3.22, 3.28–3.29, 3.28, 3.30, 3.32 Nethergask, Perthshire, quarry at 6.169 Muirhouselaw, Ettrick and Lauderdale, double enclosure moated Wemyss Caves 8.121, 8.122 and copper-alloy awls 4.75 Nethergate, Dundee see under Dundee site 3.178, 3.180 Oxford, Ashmolean Museum 6.211 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.102 Netherlands Muirkirk, Ayrshire 7.43 Pskov, NW Russia 6.221 spacer plate, Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie 4.34–4.35, clay pipes 6.49, 6.58, 6.126 Muirkirk ironworks, Ayrshire 1.76 St Andrews 4.133, 4.133, 4.254, 4.258, 4.259, 6.201, 6.222, 4.35, 4.36, 4.62, 4.63, 4.66 medieval artistic centre 6.195 Muirton, , Moray 6.16 7.129 spacer plate, Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno 4.44 medieval pottery deposition 9.93 Mungal, Falkirk, spearhead 7.5 St Andrews University 8.139 see also beads trade with Dundee 6.58 Murdoch, Robin K St Vigeans, Angus 1.5 needle/pin, bone, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.99,ʼ2.100 see also Low Countries Culross Palace, Fife: glass 4.224–4.226 Salisbury and South Wiltshire 6.211 needles Nethermuir, Perthshire, lithic scatter 8.1, 8.3, 8.5–8.9, 8.7 Melgund Castle: glass 10.149 Stavanger Museum, Norway 5.121 copper-alloy 6.98, 6.99 Netherton, Aberlemno, Angus, Food Vessel bowl 4.52 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews: glass 5.101–5.102 Stirling, Smith Museum and Art Gallery 7.5, 7.7, 7.12 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.92,ʼ2.95 Neville, Cynthia 6.170 Murie, Perthshire, medieval motte 4.24 Sunderland Museum 4.33 Leslie, Fife 4.292 Newark, Queenʼs 8.146 Murphy, Dr T, skeletal material 3.22, 3.49 Ulster Museum, Belfast 3.59, 6.211 Neighbour, Tim Newark Castle, Fife, circular dovecot 10.150 Murray, Agnes 10.136 Vleehuis Museum, Antwerp 6.197 geophysical survey, Hawkhill cropmark enclosure 9.56, 9.59 Newark Farm, St Monans 5.75 Murray, Lord George 8.149 see also Perth Museum and Art Gallery Roman temporary camp, Longforgan, Dundee 4.99–4.105 Newbarn, Isle of Wight, Bowl Food Vessels 10.40 Murray, H, Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.111–7.117 Musselburgh, Midlothian, racecourse 5.163, 5.166 Neill, Dr Patrick 8.172 Newbarns, Angus 9.15, 9.56 Murray, James, of Perdieu 2.70, 2.81 mussels 6.59 Neolithic period 7.34, 8.95 cropmarks 10.94, 10.95–10.118 Murray, James, of Philiphaugh 10.136 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.139 burials 10.48, 10.49 ring-ditch house 9.61 Murrayfield, Edinburgh, Food Vessel 3.31 Arbroath High Street 5.66 cereals 3.109, 7.23 Newbarns Farm, Angus, cropmarks 5.32 , Angus, moated site 3.178, 3.185–3.186 , Perthshire 6.169, 6.170, 6.173 Funnel–necked Beaker 5.4 Newbattle Abbey, Lothian Murthly, Perthshire tower 1.25, 6.180 lithics 4.94, 4.95, 5.4, 5.5, 8.1, 8.2, 8.4, 8.5–8.6, 8.8, 10.33 coal and salt 2.24 place-name evidence 4.139–4.140, 4.141 Myrehead, Falkirk mortuary enclosures 10.115 use of coal 4.172 sculpture 1.5, 4.136, 4.137, 4.140, 4.141 cropmark enclosure 7.7 plant remains 4.117, 4.120 Newbigging, Angus, stone circle 5.15 Murthly Castle chapel 4.138 palisaded enclosure 9.30 rectilinear timber structures 10.17–10.19, 10.18 Newbrigg of Ceres, Fife, cropmarks 3.113 Murton, Forfar, Angus 4.32, 4.44–4.45, 4.44, 4.46, 4.61, 4.62, Prehistoric pottery 9.60 recumbent stone circles 5.12 Newburgh, Fife 4.63 Myreside, Forfar, Angus 4.32, 4.47–4.48, 4.48 ritual activity 5.44 axe mould 3.55 museums rock carvings and settlement patterns 1.20 copper-alloy belt fitting 3.198 Angus District Museums 4.31, 4.49, 4.66 n timber halls 10.115 Laing Museum 7.8 Arbroath nails 6.82–6.83 early Russian lead seals 6.213 rock carvings 1.11, 1.15 copper-alloy, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.131 Inchture settlement patterns 10.91, 10.92, 10.93 sundials 7.66 Signal Tower Museum 6.211 iron 6.76, 7.68 recumbent stone circles 5.20–5.21 traditional spinning 3.201 Blair Castle 3.34, 3.37, 3.40 Abbotʼs House excavations, Dunfermlineʼ2.80 Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.27, 7.31 Newburn, Fife 7.131 Bristol City Museum 6.211 Arbroath High Street 5.63 Abernethy School features 10.79, 10.83 Newenham, Robert de 7.17 Coventry Museums 2.103 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.157 Angus carved stones 5.7–5.11 Newhall of Kinearossie, Perthshire, moated site 3.178, 3.180, Crail 7.108 Constantineʼs Cave 8.114 Angus cup/cup-and-ring markings 1.11, 1.15, 1.16 3.184, 3.186 Cromarty Museum, Russian lead seals 6.213, 6.220 Cromwell citadel, Perth 8.159 Angus field study area 5.34 Newhills, Aberdeenshire, beaker-associated cist 10.34 Dundee, McManus Galleries 6.211, 8.142, 9.89 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.129, 8.134 Angus small finds 1.14 Newhouse of Glamis, Angus 4.32, 4.45, 4.47, 4.62 Dundee Museum and Art Gallery 3.74, 4.33, 10.62 East Wemyss 8.112, 8.121 Carsie Mains structures 10.2, 10.9, 10.17, 10.20 Newmill, Perthshire 9.30, 10.50, 10.80, 10.81 Dunfermline 3.15 Kinnoull Graveyard, Perth 4.291 Castle Menzies enclosure 8.10, 8.11–8.18, 8.14 metalworking 8.94 Falkirk 6.211 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.130, 10.131 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.71, 3.74 prehistoric site 8.72 Fife Council 8.139, 8.141 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.82 Croft Moraig stone circle 6.2, 6.3–6.4, 6.6 querns 8.42 Forfar 1.11 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.55, 1.64 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.122, 4.123, 4.125, 4.126 souterrain 3.86, 8.79, 8.80, 8.98, 8.109 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.83 Newpans, Fife, salt pans 2.24 60 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 61

Newport-on-Tay, Fife, Fife water pipeline 4.67, 4.68 and Scotland 5.159 Salvation Army Citadel, South Street, Perth 9.85 OʼSullivan, T (AOC), Belliston Farm Food Vessel 3.9 Newstead, Roxburghshire, brooches 2.114, 2.121, 2.122, 2.123 timber trade 8.197 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.84, 4.85, 4.87, 4.88, 4.89 Outh Hill, Fife 1.76 Newton of Ballineareigh, Glen Fender, Perthshire 3.169, 3.170, see also Bergen Observant Franciscan friary, Perth 6.197 oven/furnace, clay-lined, Perth High Street 6.89, 6.91 3.171, 3.172 Norwich, St Benedictʼs Church 4.291 Ochil Hills 6.169, 7.5, 10.62, 10.66, 10.68, 10.69 ovens Newton, Cambuslang, S Lanarkshire, Food Vessels 10.40 Norwich Cathedral Priory 5.156 ochre 10.34 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.86 Newton of Glamis, Angus: cropmark site 9.31 notes for contributors 7.145–7.146, 10.185–10.186 ochre mining 1.86 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.112 Newtyle, Meigle, sculptured stone 1.2, 1.9n1 Novgorod, Russia 7.71 OʼConnor, Brendan St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.54, 1.59 Newtyle to Dundee railway 10.183 nuclear shelters, ice houses as 10.175 Bronze Age metalwork from Kinnoull, Perth 3.58–3.60 see also Melgund Castle Nickell, Alexandra, St Andrews Cathedral Graveyard Survey Nuneaton, Warwickshire 7.68 (et al.), Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard, Perthshire Overhowden henge, Berwickshire 8.1 4.250, 4.254 2.60–2.69 Owen, D D R, Tristram and Iseult mirror-case, Perth 4.150– Niddry Castle, West Lothian 8.172 o Inchtuthil Early Bronze Age axe 10.55–10.57 4.165 Nigg, Ross and Cromarty, sculpture at 6.161 oak charcoal Ogilvie, Sir James 10.135 oxen 2.106 Nile valley drainage 10.180 Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.27 Ogilvie, Marion 4.270, 10.135–10.136, 10.138 Oxford Ninewells, Angus, Food Vessels 10.40 Carsie Mains structures 10.8, 10.9, 10.14, 10.15, 10.17 Ogilvie, N 4.40 Ashmolean Museum 6.211 Ninian, Saint, and Whithorn 6.180 Castle Menzies Neolithic enclosure 8.16, 8.18 Ogilvy, David 9.103 Physic Garden 8.177 NMRS (National Monuments Record Scotland) 7.130, 7.131 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.34, 8.50, 8.51, 8.60, 8.68, 8.71 Ogilvy, Lord 9.103 oysters 6.59, 6.60, 6.84, 8.114 Noranbank, Tannadice, Angus 4.32, 4.39 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28 oil shale 5.120, 5.121 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.78, 2.104, 2.106 urn burial 4.38, 4.38, 4.61 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.38, 9.39, 9.48 Okstrow broch, Orkney 2.113 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.139 Norie, Alexander 10.163 Newbarns, Angus 10.109 Old Downie, Carnoustie, Angus, Neolithic carved stone 5.7, 5.8, Arbroath High Street 5.66 Norman period 7.73 North Straiton farm, Fife: pit alignment 2.47, 2.49–2.50, 2.51 5.9, 5.10 Kinnoull Graveyard, Perth 4.292–4.293, 4.293, 4.294, 4.297 game of merelles 4.148 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.95, 8.98 Old Haiks, Fife, long cist cemetery 7.17, 7.24 Muirhall Farm short-cist bone 3.43 towers 1.25 oak panels, medieval, Perth Museum and Art Gallery 6.189– Old Higham, Fife, medieval metalwork finds 3.188, 3.189– see also Anglo-Normans 6.199, 6.190–6.193 3.190, 3.199 p Normandy, France 5.148 oak remains ʻOld Limekilnʼ see Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire padlock keys, iron 6.48, 6.55, 6.56 Normanton Downs, Wiltshire 6.2 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.135, 3.136 Old Quarry (Craigie Hill) 3.68 padlocks Norrieʼs Law hoard, Fife 2.118, 2.119 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.4 Old Red Sandstone 10.67 copper-alloy, Meal Vennel, Perth 2.95 North American timber trade 8.197 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.108, 3.109, 3.110, 3.111 Old Sarum, Wiltshire, stone gaming board 4.145 iron, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.75–2.76, 2.95–2.96, 2.95 North Belton Farm, Dunbar, East Lothian, cist 7.20 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110 OʼNeil, Marion 2.64, 3.22 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.79, 9.84 North Berwick, East Lothian Kingsbarns, Fife 7.23 open-cast coal mining Paisley, post-medieval dress accessories 2.52–2.57, 2.53, 2.55 Forth Street Lane, wind-blown sand 1.46 Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.30–7.31 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.107 Palace Yard, Stewartry, Dumfries and Galloway 3.180 tile works 10.181 oak timbers Fife 1.76, 1.82, 1.84, 1.85 palaeobotanical analysis see plant remains North Esk, River 9.61 Brechin, Nos 68–74 High Street (timber roof) 10.155 oral evidence, old extractive industries 1.85 palisaded enclosures 9.60 North Esk valley 5.28 imported 10.160, 10.161, 10.164, 10.165 orchards ?Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.54 North German timber trade 8.193, 8.196, 8.197, 8.198 native 10.160, 10.161, 10.164 Balmerino Abbey, Fife 3.191 see also Ironshill East, Angus North Inch, Perth 4.155, 5.163, 8.145, 8.151 re-use of 10.155, 10.158, 10.160, 10.164 and moated sites 3.180, 3.181 ʻpalisadesʼ, Upper Gothens enclosure, Perthshire 7.34, 7.38, North Mains, Strathallan, Perthshire 3.19, 3.20, 6.2 Canewdon paddle, Essex 10.62 probable, Melgund Castle 10.150 7.39, 7.40, 7.43 barrow 4.25 Carpow: late Bronze Age logboat 10.59 Ord North, Sutherland, chambered cairn 8.49 Palladian architecture, Kineaross House 8.170 cist 4.60, 4.62, 4.63 dendrochronology (St Andrews) 6.201–6.210 Ordnance Survey Palmerston, Maxwelltown, Dumfries and Galloway, Food Vessels Early Bronze Age timber ring 10.115 Granary, Elie Harbour 8.191, 8.192, 8.193, 8.194, 8.195, Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.27, 4.28 10.40 Food Vessels 3.10, 3.39, 4.52, 10.40 8.196, 8.197, 8.198 survival of industrial remains in Fife 1.76–1.86 Association soils 7.88 henge enclosure 10.20 oatcakes, baking of 4.226 Orkney panels, stone, Meigle collection 1.1, 1.5 pollen analysis 4.54, 4.64, 4.65 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church, Tannadice, Angus Buckquoy, Pictish house 3.115 Paniter, Patrick 6.30 6.179 Early Christian site 10.131 Folsetter, axehead find 5.3 Panmure, Earl of 6.138 North of Scotland Water Authority (NoSWA) (now Scottish excavation 10.119–10.133 Hermisgarth, Sanday, cist burial 7.20 Panmure estate plan of Edzell 6.139–6.140, 6.140 Water) 8.145, 8.155, 8.165, 10.179 oats 6.63, 6.66, 6.67, 6.111, 6.131, 10.113 Howe 8.93 Panmure House, Panbride, Angus, souterrain 9.65 North Scotstarvit, Fife 7.23 Abernethy 10.75 Late Iron Age (Pictish) hearths 3.108 Panshanger, Herefordshire, axeheads 5.3 cropmarks 4.68 Arbroath High Street 5.56, 5.66 Okstrow broch 2.113 Panton, William 8.98 North Straiton, Fife 3.61 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.56, 7.77–7.78, 7.81 Papa 6.168 Papa Stour, Islands, 16th-century pottery 6.120 late prehistoric pottery 3.104 carbonised Redware pottery 4.176 Papa Stronsay, Orkney Islands, sculpture at 6.168 medieval pottery 3.91 Cromwell citadel, Perth 8.162 Sandfjold 3.19 Papil, Shetland, sculpture 1.5, 4.136 pit alignment 2.45–2.51, 2.46, 6.11 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.95, 8.98 4.120 parasite analysis, Kingsbarns, Fife 7.23 prehistoric settlement 3.74 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.117, 4.118 Wasbister 3.15 Park of Tongland, radiocarbon dating of cremation burial 3.52 Northampton Dubton Farm, Angus 8.52, 8.53, 8.60, 8.61, 8.68 see also Kirkwall Parkes, Josiah, and deep drainage 10.180–10.181 lace tags 2.56, 2.92 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.108, 3.109, 3.110, 3.111, 3.114 Ormiston, Newburgh, Fife, stone gaming board 4.145–4.149, Parkfield, Scone, Perthshire 4.172, 4.176 St Andrewʼs Church 4.233 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.182, 4.185, 4.146, 4.147 Parley, Fife 1.78–1.79 wire rings 2.57 4.198, 4.199 Orzechowski, Mark, St Andrews Cathedral Graveyard Survey Parr Partnership 10.119 Northolt, Middlesex, moated site 3.183 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28 4.250 patera handle, Hurly Hawkin 9.25 , sculpture 6.158, 6.162 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20, 7.23 osteoarthritis 6.79–6.80 Paterson, Alexander, metalwork collection 7.12 Norway Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.48, 9.49 animal bone 2.106 Pathhead, Fife, Roman camp 4.91 medieval links with Perth 5.151 for milling 7.116 evidence for: St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.74 pathology Newbarns, Angus 10.107, 10.109, 10.112 osteoporosis, human bone evidence 6.81 animal bone 62 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 63

Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.104–2.106 new look at old Arbroath 4.260–4.277 see also Cromwellʼs citadel Philip II, King of France 5.148 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.157 St Christopherʼs Parish Church, Cupar 5.72–5.75 South Methven Street 6.83 Photos-Jones, E human bone Perth South Street 6.90 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.125–5.126, 5.135 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.155 Canal Street 6.83, 6.101, 6.106, 6.131, 9.76, 9.83, 9.84 Nos 71–81 see Salvation Army Citadel Upper Gothens metalwork 7.40–7.43 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.79–6.81 Castle Gable 6.100, 8.147 Nos 210–214 9.76 Pickering, Yorkshire, Russian lead seals 6.211 Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery 10.31, 10.41– City Hall 9.75 ʻShoegateʼ/ʻShaegateʼ 9.85 Pickletillem, Fife 3.63 10.42, 10.44 Claypots: possible pottery kiln site 2.126–2.127 Tay Street excavations 2.54 Pictland Kingsbarns, Fife 7.19 Cromwellʼs citadel, South Inch see Cromwellʼs citadel Watergate 6.87, 6.90, 9.75 Roman campaign in 10.81, 10.83 Kirkton, Fife 4.73 Curfew Row 8.141 animal remains 1.44, 2.105, 3.138, 4.194, 4.196 take-over by Scots 1.7, 1.8 Mains of Balgavies, Angus: cist 4.57 Ferguson Art Gallery 8.165 axehead find 7.8 Picts 5.46 Montrose (Wishart Avenue) 6.27 Flesherʼs Vennel 9.75 deep soil formation 7.90, 7.91 in Angus 5.32 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.74 General Prison 8.165 flood prevention 8.145, 8.149, 8.167 cist burials 7.20 Tanglehaʼ, Kincardineshire 2.42, 2.44 George Street (No. 34) 6.189, 6.197 ʻgapʼ sites on street frontage 5.68 Dunkeld area 4.138 dental disease 2.42, 6.80–6.81 Greyfriars cemetery 8.145, 8.162, 8.164 Guildry 2.126 Dunning area 10.66 see also arthritis evidence; disease; osteoarthritis; High Street 2.126, 3.202, 4.157, 4.159, 4.161, 4.196, 4.271, livestock markets 5.133 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.74–3.118 osteoporosis; Schmorlʼs nodes; trauma 5.69, 6.45, 6.57, 6.59, 6.90, 9.2, 9.75, 9.76, 9.77, 9.85, medieval food and diet 7.72 genesis of Tristram legend 4.160 Patrick, Earl: Glamis Castle 10.170 9.86 medieval plant remains 4.86–4.87 Inchtuthil, Perthshire 4.138 Patrick of Panmure, Earl 10.136 Marks and Spencer site 1.44 medieval religious houses 6.197 language of 6.167, 6.168 Patrick, Saint 6.174 medieval buildings 7.81 medieval trade 4.159, 4.181, 5.151, 5.160 (minor) kingdom of Strathmore 5.47 Patrishow, Brecknockshire 6.197 No 75 6.97, 6.103, 6.104, 6.105 peg tiles 7.68 monastery at St Andrews 1.23, 1.24 pearl-fishing Nos 75–77 7.72 post-medieval dress accessories 2.52–2.58, 2.53, 2.55 in Perthshire 6.168, 6.169, 6.175, 6.176 Tay and Forth rivers 7.8, 7.9 Nos 80–86 6.90, 6.95, 6.106, 9.76, 9.86 pottery ʻPictish beastʼ: inscribed stonework 7.45–7.47, 7.45, 7.46 Teith river 7.5 No 103 (Abbey National Building) 6.87–6.108, 6.95, 9.76 ceramic counters 2.101 Pictish cave carvings, East Wemyss 8.111, 8.112, 8.113, peasantry, Pictish, settlement at Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.75, modern cellar 6.95, 6.100, 6.106 medieval 2.126, 2.128, 4.172, 4.173, 4.176, 4.188, 5.58, 8.121, 3.112, 3.113, 3.118 Structure 1 (first wattle building) 6.89–6.91, 6.89, 5.61, 5.97, 8.132 8.124 peat, as fuel for pottery kilns 4.172 6.92, 6.93, 6.106, 6.107 Redwares 1.43, 2.88, 4.177 Pictish cross-slab, Crail 7.93, 7.108 peatland areas see Blair Drummond; Flanders Moss; Kincardine Structure 2 (second post-and-wattle building) 6.91– Scottish White Gritty ware 3.129, 3.156, 4.188 and place-names 4.139, 4.140, 6.171, 6.172 Moss 6.93, 6.92 possible kiln sites 2.126–2.127 Easter Kinnear and area 3.74 pebbles Structure 3 (sill-and-plank building with forebooth) races 5.163 sculpture 1.5, 1.7, 6.157–6.182 passim flint, Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.6, 4.7 6.93–6.94, 6.94 Tay river metalwork finds 7.8, 7.9, 7.10 Aberlemno 1.14, 5.47 see also amulet King Edward Street 6.59, 6.90, 6.92, 6.95, 6.96, 6.97, 6.100, Tristram and Iseult mirror-case 4.150–4.165, 4.151, 4.153, Meigle sculpture collection 1.2, 1.4, 1.6 Peddie and Kinnear, architects 8.125 8.132, 9.75, 9.87 5.160 symbol stones 1.7, 1.8 Peebles, Roman Iron Age brooch 2.116 King James VI Hospital 8.145 water supply 7.141, 8.149, 8.165 Tealing, Angus 4.166 Peel of Gargunnock, Stirlingshire 3.180 King Street: monastic site 8.183 see also Kinnoull; Literary and Antiquarian Society; St Johnʼs see also Pittensorn Farm, Perthshire Peel of Gartfarren, Stirlingshire, moated site 3.178, 3.180, Kinnoull Street 6.78 Kirk Turin Hill 5.48 3.181 Kirk Close 2.92, 3.156, 4.293, 6.55, 7.57 Perth Castle 6.90 use of caves 2.119 Peel of , Perthshire, moated site 3.178, 3.181, Kirkgate 6.90 Perth Museum and Art Gallery 2.60, 3.34, 3.43, 3.48, 3.59, Piedmont, axeheads 5.4 3.184, 3.186 Market Cross 6.107 4.129, 4.137, 4.138, 4.150, 5.132, 6.155, 10.65, 10.66 Pieries Burn Wood, Fife, Old Coal Pit 1.77, 1.78 penannular brooches see brooches Marshall Place 8.165 lithics 8.2, 8.5 pig bones pendant loop, copper-alloy, St Fillanʼs Church, Forganʼ3.191, Meal Vennel 1.40, 4.84, 5.65, 6.55, 6.87, 6.100, 6.102, rediscovered sword from Forth 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4–7.5, 7.11, as decoy for evil spirits 9.124, 9.127 3.197, 3.198, 3.199 6.103, 6.104, 7.72, 7.73, 8.159, 9.75, 9.83 7.12 as grave deposits 4.63 pendant mount, copper-alloy, St Fillanʼs Church, Forganʼ3.191, copper-alloy objects 2.53,2.54, 2.55,2.56, 2.57, 2.58, Russian lead seals 6.211 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.99, 2.100, 2.103 3.197, 3.199 2.95 wooden panels, medieval 6.189–6.199, 6.190–6.193 Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.27 pendants Mill Street 2.101, 4.87, 6.103 Perthes disease 6.27 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.138, 3.140, 3.141 copper-alloy 3.199 Pullarʼs building 8.155 Perthshire Arbroath High Street 5.64 Old Higham, Fife 3.189, 3.197, 3.199 North Inch 4.155, 5.163, 8.145, 8.151 recumbent stone circles 5.12, 5.21 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.71, 7.72, 7.81 glass paste, Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.23, 4.27, 4.29 North St Johnʼs Street 4.138 rock carving 1.17, 1.17, 1.20 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.156 possible: bone 2.99 Princes Street 9.84 see also individual sites Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.161 , Wales 6.2 St Annʼs Lane 9.76, 9.84 Perthshire Hunt 5.163, 8.149 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.58, 6.59, 6.60 Pennines, lithic assemblages 4.15 St John Street 4.159 Perthshire Society of Natural Science (PSNS) 7.11, 8.1, 8.2 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.105 Penearice, Robert 2.35 St Johnʼs Centre 9.76 Peterhead, Aberdeenshire Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.193, 4.195, Penearice, Steven 2.35 St Johnʼs Place/King Edward Street 4.150, 4.155–4.156, salt-water fish pond 8.183, 8.184 4.196, 4.197 periostitis 6.79 4.155, 4.156, 4.157, 4.157, 4.158 see also Ednie Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.105 Perry, David R St Johnʼs Square 9.84 Petit, Louis, and Perth citadel 8.146, 8.154 Muirhall Farm cist 3.23, 3.43 Arbroath High Street excavations 5.50–5.71 ʻSands Marketʼ 8.149, 8.165 Pettycur, Fife, battery 3.207 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.102, 6.104 Brechin, Angus: Nos 68–74 High Street, early timber-frame Scott Street 3.131, 9.77, 9.84 pewter St Andrews (South Street) 6.126, 6.127, 6.128 roof 10.153–10.165 Skinnergate 6.90, 6.189, 6.198 craftsmen in 4.160 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.52, 1.64, 1.67, 1.69, 1.71, Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.125–8.127 South (Coal) Shore 8.147, 8.149 in Perth 4.159 1.72, 1.73 Edzell Old Church, Angus 6.138–6.141 South Inch 5.163, 8.145, 8.151 Perth mirror-case 4.150, 4.152, 4.156, 4.158 Star Garage, Montrose 1.44, 1.45 moated sites in Tayside and Fife 3.176–3.187 later uses 8.149, 8.155, 8.158, 8.159, 8.163, 8.165 pewter/tin strap end fitting 5.116, 5.117 Wemyss Caves 8.112, 8.117, 8.118 64 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 65

pig meat 2.104 Pitfour, Aberdeenshire, salt-water fish pond 8.183–8.184 Leckaway, Angus 9.114 St Andrews 6.133 pignuts 7.31 Pitfour, Perthshire, brick and tile making 4.173 medieval boundaries 4.233, 4.247 St Andrews (South Street) 6.111, 6.131, 6.132 pilgrim badges Pitglassie, recumbent stone circle 5.20 moated sites 3.180–3.181 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.84–4.88 Ardross, Fife 3.194, 3.201, 3.201 Pitgorno, barony of 4.235 Perth origins 6.87 Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.30–7.31 lead 4.158 Pitlessie, Fife Scottish medieval pottery industry 4.172–4.173 waterlogged St Thomas of Canterbury 4.159 box-cists 10.49 Shanzie, Perthshire 8.98 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.77, 7.78–7.79 pilgrimage Bronze Age burial site 4.77 see also field names Dundee (Murraygate) 6.43, 6.53, 6.66, 6.67 and St Margaretʼs Shrine, Dunfermline 2.110 Pitnacree, Perthshire plaggen soils 7.87, 7.90 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.85 St Ruleʼs, St Andrews 1.25 Neolithic mound 6.2, 6.4 plaid, belted 5.125 weed seeds 6.63, 6.66 symbols of 4.297 round barrows 5.21 plant cultivation carbonised, Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.85 pilgrimage routes 7.10 Pitnappie Moss, Angus, field drainage 10.182, 10.183 18th/19th-century farming improvements 8.183 wild species pine charcoal, Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.48 Pitreuchie, Angus 4.36 and kitchen gardens 8.170, 8.172–8.173, 8.175, 8.176, Dundee (Murraygate) 6.63, 6.66 pine timber, Granary, Elie Harbour 8.191, 8.192, 8.193, 8.194, pits 8.177, 8.178, 8.180 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.47, 9.48–9.49 8.195, 8.197, 8.198 Abernethy area 10.78 see also fruit and fruit trees see also cereal remains; fruit remains; pollen analysis; pins Byre Theatre, Abbey Street, St Andrews 7.50, 7.52, 7.53 plant macrofossils vegetation Abbotʼs House excavations, Dunfermlineʼ2.80 Dubton Farm, Angus carbonised plaster bone Iron Age 8.28, 8.29, 8.70 Ironshill East enclosure 9.26–9.28, 9.27 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.102 Ironshill East 9.15 Neolithic 8.19–8.28, 8.20, 8.22–8.27, 8.69–8.70 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.45–9.49, 9.51 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.135 Wemyss Caves 8.121 High Street, Perth 9.76 Newbarns, Angus 10.108–10.113 Arbroath High Street 5.63–5.64 bronze Hill of Tarvit, Fife 7.27, 7.29 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.23 Marketgate/Ladybridge, Arbroath 1.33 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.154 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.15, 9.20–9.21, 9.30, Scotstarvit, Fife 4.86, 4.87 South Leckaway farmhouse 9.115, 9.117 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.90, 5.94 9.33 plant remains plastic, in drainage 10.181, 10.183 copper-alloy 2.52, 2.55, 2.57, 6.76, 6.82, 6.98, 6.99 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20, 7.23 Abernethy School, Bronze Age/Iron Age stone features plate-and-fantail brooches see under brooches Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.85, 2.91, 2.92–2.93, 2.94, Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.40, 9.41, 9.43–9.44, 10.75 Playfair, Sir Hugh Lyon 4.257 2.95 9.54 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.58, 7.75, 7.76, 7.77–7.79, plough truncation, Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.82 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.131, 3.132 Newbarns, Angus 10.100, 10.101, 10.103, 10.105, 10.113 7.81 plough zone, Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.82–3.83, 3.105–3.106 Arbroath High Street 5.61, 5.62–5.63, 5.62 North Straiton, Fife: pit alignment 2.45–2.51, 2.49 carbonised ploughing, and cist discovery 4.60 Blackhill House 4.138 ʻpit alignmentʼ, Inchture 10.86, 10.87, 10.92 Abernethy School 10.79, 10.80 Plymouth, fortifications 8.146 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.157, pit circle, Newbarns, Angus 10.95, 10.105, 10.106, 10.107, Arbroath High Street 5.66–5.68 6.204 3.157, 3.158 10.113, 10.115 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.56, 7.77–7.78, 7.79 timber trade 8.196, 8.197 Comrie White Church 7.123, 7.124 pit-circle/timber circle see timber circle/ʻpit-circleʼ Carsie Mains structures 10.8–10.17 Poldar Moss, Perthshire, sword find 7.5 Culross Palace, Fife 4.223–4.224 pit-defined cursus monuments, Tayside 6.9, 6.10, 6.12– Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.1, 4.4, 4.5 pollen analysis Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.129, 8.133, 8.134 6.16, 6.12–6.14 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.162–8.163 Belliston Farm, Fife: short-cist 3.8–3.9, 3.19 Dunino, Fife 4.295, 4.296 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth: wooden-lined 9.77 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.117, 4.118, 4.119, 4.120 Black Loch, Fife 3.113 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.192 see also cesspits; clay-lined pit; flax retting pits; rubbish pits Dubton Farm, Angus 8.21, 8.24, 8.49, 8.50, 8.51–8.68, cist burials 3.19, 3.20, 3.21 Kinnoull Graveyard, PerthÄ4.292,Ä4.293, 4.294 Pitscottie, Fife 5.97 8.69, 8.70, 8.73, 8.76 Dalgety Bay, Fife: short-cists 3.11, 3.17–3.18 Leslie, Fife 4.292 Pitt, William 8.184 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.43 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.111 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.129, 10.131 Pittensorn Farm, Gellyburn, Perthshire, sculpture 4.129–4.144, garden pea 10.87, 10.89 Kingsbarns 7.19, 7.23 iron, Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.98, 3.104 4.130, 4.131, 4.132 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.186, 4.198– Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno: Food Vessel residue 4.52– ring-headed 7.20 Pittenweem, Fife 4.199 4.54, 4.64–4.65 pipkins fishing industry 3.119 Inchture, Perthshire 10.87, 10.89, 10.90–10.91 Upper Kenly Farm, Fife: short-cist 3.4–3.5, 3.17 ceramic 5.98 post-medieval pottery 3.129, 6.120, 9.92 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20 Pollock, Dave, Arbroath excavations 4.279–4.288 (tripod) royal burgh 7.95 Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.22 Polmaise, Stirlingshire, brooch find 2.117 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129, 3.130, 3.131 witchcraft persecution 9.126 Newbarns, Angus 10.102, 10.105, 10.107, 10.109, Pomerania, Poland 6.194 North European Earthenwares, Dundee, Overgate Pittenweem Priory, Fife 8.114 10.115 Pond Cottage, Valleyfield 8.182, 8.184, 8.185, 8.186 9.92 pivot stone, Abernethy, Perthshire 10.73, 10.82 North Straiton farm, Fife: pit alignment 2.47, 2.50 Ponder Law, Arbroath, cists 4.276 Pitbladdo, Fife 5.74 place-names Scotstarvit, Fife 4.83, 4.84, 4.87 Pont, Timothy, map 9.114 pollen analysis 3.111 Allt na Moine Buidhe 5.107 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.85, 8.95, 8.96, 8.98 poor house, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.87, 5.95, 5.96 Pitcairnfield, Perthshire 7.141, 7.142 Arbroath 4.264 Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline, Fife 7.30–7.31 Port Logan (Portnessock), Galloway, fish pond 8.183, 8.184 Pitcarmick, Perthshire, Pictish house 3.115 Carse of Gowrie and the ʻinchesʼ 10.92 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.43 Port Seton, East Lothian 9.22, 9.29 Pitcarmick-type buildings 10.115 Craigie Hill area, Fife 3.64–3.65 Culhawk Hill, Angus: macroplant remains 4.116–4.120, Portland, Duke of 10.181 Ballinloan Burn, Strathbraan 3.168, 3.169–3.170 Crail 7.93 4.123 (Tarbat), Easter Ross, Redware pottery 4.176 comparative plans 3.164 -gait/-gate names 7.103–7.104, 7.106 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.63–6.67 Portsmouth, fortifications 8.146 Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.166, 3.167 Crieff Burgh Cross, context of 6.169–6.174, 6.175, 6.176 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.86, 3.107–3.110, 3.111 post-hole ring/hollow: Newbarns, Angus 10.102, 10.103, 10.114 Glen Fender, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.170 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.125 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.182, 4.185 post-holes longhouses 7.43 Dunkeld/Murthly area, Perthshire 4.138, 4.139–4.141 Haddington: medieval 4.199 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.130, 5.131 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.162–3.163, 3.164, 3.174 Dunlappie, Angus 9.97 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.108, 3.109, 3.110, Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.110, 5.112 Pitcur, Angus Dunning, Perthshire 10.66 3.111 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.50, 7.52, 7.67 Roman finds 9.25 Easter Kinnear and area, Fife 3.74, 3.77 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20 Castle Menzies Neolithic enclosure 8.11, 8.13–8.16, 8.17, souterrain 8.104, 8.108 Kinnear, Fife 3.112, 4.233, 4.247 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno 4.53, 4.54 8.18 Croft Moraig 6.2, 6.6 66 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 67

Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.154, 8.155, 8.165 at Craighead Golf Course, Fife Ness 4.1 Aardenburg-type Dundee, Overgate 9.92 Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house 4.111–4.112, 4.124 Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.29–7.30, 7.30, 7.31 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.188, Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.188, cursus sites 6.15, 6.16 Late Bronze Age / Early Iron Age 3.68, 3.70 4.191, 4.191 4.191, 4.191 Dubton Farm, Angus: Iron Age 8.28, 8.29, 8.70, 8.72 Iron Age 3.106, 8.37, 8.39, 8.72, 8.80 Star Garage, Montrose 1.43, 1.44, 1.46 Perth High Street 6.97, 6.106 Fletcherfield souterrain 8.107 Roman 2.119, 8.71, 9.25, 9.65 see also Low Countries highly decorated wares Salvation Army Citadel, South Street, Perth 9.81, 9.82 Ironshill East structure 9.15, 9.19, 9.20, 9.22, 9.29 amphorae 2.119, 8.80, 8.97, 8.114 Ardenne ware 2.127 Star Garage, Montrose 1.43, 1.44 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20, 7.23 imported colour-coat 8.94 Developed Stamford Ware, Perth 9.89 Low Countries highly decorated wares, St Andrews in longhouses 5.134 samian 2.118, 2.119, 2.122, 2.123, 8.80, 8.97, 8.114, earthenware manufacture 4.172 (South Street) 6.120, 6.123 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.38, 9.40, 9.41, 9.43, 9.25 East Coast Redware 2.126–2.127, 8.132 Low Countries Redwares see Redwares (Low Countries) 9.44, 9.54 Central Gaulish 8.94 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.88, 2.90, 2.91 North European earthenware, St Andrews (South Street) St Andrews (South Street) 6.116, 6.118 South Gaulish 8.84, 8.90, 8.91, 8.94 Allt na Moine Buidhe 5.116 6.120, 6.123 St Nicholasʼ Farm, St Andrews 1.52, 1.53 medieval Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129, 3.130, 3.131 Paffrath ware, Perth High Street 6.97 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.79 import trade 7.80 Arbroath High Street 5.58, 5.59, 5.61 Paffrath-type ware (Blue Grey ladle), St Nicholas Farm, Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.38, 7.40 Scottish medieval industry 4.170–4.178, 4.171 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.59, 7.61, 7.62 St Andrews 5.97 White Church, Comrie 7.121 at Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.73, 2.75, 2.76, 2.78, Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.150, 8.154, 8.155 Perth Local ware 1.61, 1.66 post-pipes 2.79 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.43, 6.45, 6.49, 6.51, 6.52– Pingsdorf ware 2.127, 9.89 Castle Menzies enclosure, Perthshire 8.13 at Abernethy 10.73, 10.80 6.53 Raeren stoneware, Dundee (Murraygate) 6.51 Ironshill East structure 9.15, 9.18, 9.20 at Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.116, 5.135 Dundee, Overgate 9.88, 9.89, 9.90, 9.91, 9.93, 9.94 Reduced Greywares 1.60, 2.128 post-pits, Castle Menzies Neolithic enclosure 8.13, 8.16, 8.17 at Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.123, 3.141 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.187– Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129, 3.130, 3.131 post-ring structure see timber circle/ʻpit-circleʼ at Arbroath 4.279, 4.282, 4.284 4.188, 4.189–4.190, 4.190 Arbroath High Street 5.58, 5.61 pottery High Street 5.53, 5.56, 5.58–5.61, 5.60, 5.68, 5.69, Montrose (Wishart Avenue) 6.27 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.188, Prehistoric 8.5 5.70 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.95, 4.190, 4.190 at Dubton Farm, Angus 8.21, 8.28, 8.34–8.42, 8.35–8.36, Marketgate/Ladybridge 1.33, 1.34 6.96, 6.97 St Andrews (South Street) 6.120, 6.123 8.38, 8.40, 8.52, 8.73, 8.76 at Crail 7.97–7.98, 7.99, 7.100, 7.101, 7.102, 7.107, 7.108 St Andrews (South Street) 6.120, 6.123 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76 at Hawkhill cropmark enclosure 9.60 at Dundee St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76 Star Garage, Montrose 1.43 at Inchture 10.88 City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.76 Salvation Army Citadel, South Street, Perth 9.78, Redwares 2.128, 4.170–4.171, 4.171, 4.174, 4.175, at Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.19, 9.20, 9.22– Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate 4.179, 4.181, 4.182, 9.80, 9.81, 9.82 4.176–4.177, 8.87 9.25, 9.23, 9.24, 9.28 4.185, 4.187–4.191, 4.200, 4.201 Star Garage, Montrose 1.43, 1.44 Redwares (Low Countries) 5.98 at Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20, 7.23, 7.26 Murraygate 6.41, 6.43, 6.45, 6.48, 6.49–6.53 Tentsmuir Forest, Fife 8.142 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.88, 2.91, 2.91 at Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.38, 9.40, 9.44, Overgate 9.88, 9.89–9.95 Greywares (Low Countries) see Low Countries Arbroath High Street 5.61 9.55 at Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.129, 8.133 Greywares Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.60 at Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.25, 4.28 at Dunearod, Kirkcudbrightshire 3.182 Grimston Ware, Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.59, 7.61, Dundee, Murraygate 6.51 at Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.77, 8.84, 8.90, 8.91, 8.94 at Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.98, 3.104 7.62 Dundee, Overgate 9.92 Neolithic 10.19, 10.49 at Forgan, Fife 4.93, 4.94, 4.95 Gritty Stoneware Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.188, at Croft Moraig 6.2, 6.4, 6.6 at Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.104 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.88 4.191, 4.191, 4.199 at Douglasmuir cursus, Angus 6.15 at Inchture 10.88 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.188, Perth High Street 6.97 at Dubton Farm, Angus 8.19 at Kingsbarns, Fife 7.26 4.190–4.191, 4.191 Salvation Army Citadel, South Street, Perth 9.79, at Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.91 at Kinnoull Aisle, Perth 4.293 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76 9.81, 9.82 bowls (uncarinated), Dubton Farm, Angus 8.36, 8.39, at Melgund Castle 10.148 Highly Fired Gritty Ware, Dundee, Overgate 9.90 Star Garage, Montrose 1.43 8.41 at Montrose 1.39, 1.40, 1.41–1.42 imported wares (miscellaneous) 2.127, 2.128 Rhenish Stoneware 2.128, 8.141, 9.90 Carinated Bowl, Dubton Farm, Angus 8.21, 8.24, Star Garage 1.43–1.44, 1.43–1.44 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.88, 2.89, 2.91, 2.91 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.88, 2.91, 2.91 8.36, 8.37, 8.38, 8.39–8.41, 8.43, 8.47, 8.69, 8.70 Wishart Avenue 6.27 Arbroath 1.34, 4.268 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.60, 7.62, 7.63 Grimston-Lyles Hill 8.39 at Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.127 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.155–8.156 Crail 7.98, 7.99 6.4, 6.6, 10.17, 10.19, 10.20 at Perth 9.76, 9.89 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.179, Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.156 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.21, 8.35, 8.36, 8.39, 8.41– High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.93, 6.94– 4.182, 4.184, 4.188, 4.201 Dundee, Overgate 9.91, 9.92, 9.94 8.42, 8.70 6.98, 6.96, 6.106 Montrose 1.40 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.184, Impressed Ware (Scottish Impressed Ware), Dubton Salvation Army Citadel, South Street 9.78, 9.79, 9.80, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.60–1.61, 1.62 4.188, 4.189, 4.191, 4.191 Farm, Angus 8.21, 8.24, 8.37, 8.39, 8.40, 8.41, 9.81, 9.82 Langerwehe, Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee St Andrews (South Street) 6.120, 6.123 8.69, 8.70 at St Andrews 4.188 Salvation Army Citadel, South Street, Perth 9.79, ʻUnstanʼ bowls, Dubton Farm, Angus 8.28, 8.38, 8.40 Church of the Holy Trinity cemetery 3.156, 3.159 ʻLeuchars Ware ʼsee Scottish White Gritty Ware 9.81, 9.82 Western Neolithic 8.39 St Nicholas Farm 1.54, 1.58, 1.60–1.63, 5.89, 5.90, local ware (possible) Rouen ware late Neolithic decorated wares see Impressed Ware 5.91, 5.92, 5.93, 5.96, 5.97 Arbroath High Street 5.58, 5.59 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.88 late Neolithic/early Bronze Age, Tarvit to Balmullo water catalogue 5.99–5.101 Perth High Street 6.95–6.96, 6.96, 6.97–6.98 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.188, pipeline 7.27, 7.29, 7.30, 7.31 South Street 3.148, 6.110, 6.111, 6.112, 6.116, 6.118, London Shelly Ware, Perth 9.89 4.191, 4.191, 4.199 Beaker 10.48, 10.49 6.120, 6.121, 6.122, 6.123 London type Rouen copy, Cromwellʼs citadel, Perthʼ8.156 Saintonge ware at Douglasmuir cursus, Angus 6.15 at St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75–5.76, 5.84 London type ware Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.182, at Newbarns, Angus 10.101, 10.107–10.108, 10.107, at Scotstarvit, Fife 4.80, 4.81, 4.83–4.84, 4.89 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.60, 7.62, 7.63 4.184, 4.188, 4.199 10.115 at Tentsmuir Forest, Fife 8.141 Perth High Street 6.97 Wemyss Caves 8.115, 8.117 at White Cairn, Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.165 at Wemyss Caves 8.111, 8.112, 8.115, 8.117, 8.121 Low Countries Greywares Scarborough Ware Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.27, 7.29, 7.30 Aardenburg 2.128 Dundee, Murraygate 6.51 Arbroath 1.34, 4.268 Bronze Age 68 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 69

Crail 7.97, 7.98, 7.99 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.184, 4.224 Scottish Post-Medieval Reduced Greyware 9.91, 9.94 Dundee, Overgate 9.91–9.92 4.188, 4.191, 4.191, 4.199 Delftware 3.134 Scottish Post-Medieval Oxidised Ware 5.97 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.52, 1.60, 1.62, 1.63 Yorkshire type Ware earthenware, Culross Palace, Fife 4.224 Scottish Post-Medieval Reduced Ware 5.97 Star Garage, Montrose 1.43, 1.44, 1.46 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.53, 7.55, 7.57, 7.59, 7.60, tin glaze, Forgan, Fife 4.93, 4.95 Victorian, at St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75 Scottish White Gritty Ware 2.101–2.102, 2.127–2.128 7.61, 7.62–7.63, 7.62 tin-glazed earthenware, Melgund Castle 10.148 Victorian china/earthenware, Dunino churchyard, Fife fuel sources 4.172 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.155 tin-glazed earthenware (Delft-ware type), Anstruther 8.132, 8.133 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.88, 2.89–2.90, 2.90 Dundee, Overgate 9.89, 9.91, 9.92, 9.94 Easter, Fife 3.129, 3.130 post-medieval oxidized redware, Cromwellʼs citadel, Abernethy 10.78 Perth High Street 6.97, 9.92 18th century Perth 8.155 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129, 3.130, 3.131 Salvation Army Citadel, South Street, Perth 9.78, at Culross, Fife 4.219 ʻThrosk-type wareʼ see post-medieval oxidized redware Arbroath High Street 5.58, 5.59 9.81, 9.82 slipware, Melgund Castle 10.148 ceramic objects Borders 4.170, 4.172 Yorkshire Ware 2.128 tin-glazed earthenware, Culross Palace, Fife 4.224 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.101–2.102 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.70 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.88 white salt-glazed stoneware, Culross Palace, Fife Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.134–3.135, 3.136 Crail 7.97, 7.98, 7.99, 7.105, 7.107 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129 4.224 incised face mask 5.58, 5.59, 5.61 Dundee, Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate 4.188, Arbroath 1.34, 4.268, 5.61 18th/19th centuries St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.66 4.189, 4.190 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.43, 6.45, 6.48, 6.51, 6.53 at Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.85, 2.87 miscellaneous Dundee (Murraygate) 6.45, 6.48, 6.49, 6.51, 6.52 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.188, at Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.130, 5.132 at Abbotʼs House excavations, Dunfermline 2.88–2.91 Dundee, Overgate 9.89–9.90, 9.90, 9.91, 9.93, 9.94 4.189, 4.191, 4.191 at Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.116, 5.135 at Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129–3.130 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.132–8.133, 8.133 St Andrews (South Street) 6.120, 6.123 at Crail 7.101 at Cambo Ness, Fife 7.24, 7.26 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.91, 3.104, 3.105–3.106 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76 at Crieff Burgh Cross 6.155 at Craigie Hill, Fife 3.67, 3.70 in Fife 5.97 Star Garage, Montrose 1.40, 1.43 brown glazed earthenwares, Allt na Moine Buidhe at St Johnʼs Place, Perth excavation 4.156 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.98, 3.105– unidentified 7.60, 7.62, 7.63 5.116 probable: at Ruthven souterrain 5.23 3.106 post-medieval china see also bricks; building materials, ceramic; counters; Inchture 10.88, 10.92 at Crail 7.100, 7.102 Allt na Moine Buidhe 5.116 crucibles; figurine; kilns, pottery; mould fragments, Kingsbarns, Fife 7.26 at Kingsbarns, Fife 7.18 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129 ceramic; pipkins; pottery forms (below); tiles North Straiton 3.91 at St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.93, 5.97–5.98, 5.99– Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.156 pottery forms Old Higham, Fife 3.190 5.101 china, cream glazed, Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, quantification, Dundee assemblage 9.93 Perth 4.170 15th–17th century, at Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.124 Perthshire 5.130 casserole, Cupar, Fife 2.36, 2.38, 2.39 Cromwellʼs citadel 8.150, 8.154, 8.155 15th–18th century china, glazed, Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire drinking vessel, German stoneware copy (Krug?), Dundee, High Street 6.96–6.97, 6.96, 6.98 green-glazed reduced ware, Culross Palace, Fife 5.131 Nethergate 9.89 Salvation Army Citadel, South Street 9.78, 9.81, 4.224 earthenware, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129 dripping pan, Scottish White Gritty Ware, Dundee 9.90 9.82 red oxidised wares, Culross Palace, Fife 4.224 porcelain, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129 jars St Andrews 15th/16th centuries salt-glazed stoneware, Allt na Moine Buidhe 5.116 19th-century tobacco 4.27 Byre Theatre 7.52, 7.53, 7.55, 7.59, 7.60, 7.61– at Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.81, 2.85 slipware, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.63 7.62, 7.61, 7.65 at Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.125 white china, Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire see also bowls; chamber pots; cooking pots, ceramic; Food Church of the Holy Trinity cemetery 3.146–3.147, at Dunearod, Kirkcudbrightshire 3.182 5.132 Vessels; jugs; Martincamp flask; pipkins; skillets; urns; 3.156, 3.156 Reduced Greywares, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline white glazed earthenware, Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, vessels, clay St Nicholas Farm 1.52, 1.60, 1.61–1.62, 1.62– 2.88, 2.90–2.91, 2.91 Perthshire 5.132 Pow water 6.169 1.63, 1.66, 5.89, 5.91, 5.92, 5.93, 5.96 15th/16th centuries reduced greywares, Cromwellʼs 19th century Powgavie, Inchture, Perthshire 1.48, 1.73 South Street 6.110, 6.116, 6.120, 6.121, 6.123 citadel, Perth 8.155 at Craigie Hill, Fife 3.70 Powrie, James, stone collection with cup-markings 1.11 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75, 5.76, 5.84 16th century at Crail 7.107 Praetorium see Fortingall (moated site) St Monans, Fife 3.193 at Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.123 at Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.23, 4.27 Preston Island, Torry Bay, Fife 2.2, 2.3, 2.21 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.83, 4.89 Dutch dish, Culross Palace, Fife 4.224 at Melgund Castle 10.147, 10.148 salt panning industry 2.1–2.26, 3.205, 8.185, 8.187 Star Garage, Montrose 1.43 German stoneware, East Wemyss 8.117 ʻboneʼ china, Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.27 structures excavated 2.4 Tentsmuir Forest, Fife 8.139, 8.141–8.142, 8.143– 16th century and after, North European earthenware, china, Arbroath High Street 5.61 Accommodation Block 2.19, 2.20, 2.21, 2.22, 2.26 8.144 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.129, 3.130, 3.131 vernacular coarse earthenware, Cupar, Fife 2.27– chimney 2.7, 2.8 Wemyss Caves 8.114, 8.115, 8.119 16th/17th centuries 2.41 cistern 2.6, 2.15, 2.16–2.19, 2.16, 2.17, 2.22, 2.26 Shelly ware, Perth High Street 6.96, 6.97, 6.98, 6.106 at Crail 7.99, 7.101 19th/20th centuries flues 2.8–2.9, 2.11, 2.12 Siegburg ware, Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee at St Andrews (South Street) 6.118 at Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.128 Forehouse 2.6, 2.11–2.16, 2.15, 2.21, 2.22, 2.25, 2.26 4.188 at St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.89 white/red earthenwares, Culross Palace, Fife 4.224 George Pit engine house 2.19, 2.20 Stamford ware 2.127 reduced ware, Forgan smithy, Fife 4.93, 4.95 Beauvais ware 10.148 hearth 2.8 Arbroath High Street 5.58, 5.59, 5.69 Scottish oxidised wares, Melgund Castle 10.148 early modern china/earthenware, Perth High Street 6.97 Lady Anne Pit engine house 2.21 Perth High Street 6.96, 6.97, 6.98, 6.106 Scottish Reduced Greyware 5.89 earthenware jugs, Throsk-type 7.9 Preston, Sir John, of Airdrie 7.114 stonewares, Marketgate/Ladybridge, Arbroath 1.33, 1.34 17th century Frechen stoneware 7.97–7.98, 7.98 Preston, Sir Robert 2.1, 2.2–2.5, 2.5, 2.22, 2.25, 8.183, 8.184, stonewares (German) at Crail 7.111 modern china, Wemyss Caves 8.117 8.185, 8.186, 8.187 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.128 at St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.90, 5.93 North European Earthenware, Dundee, Overgate 9.92, Preston, Harris Museum 7.12 Arbroath 1.34, 4.268 Frechen stoneware, Melgund Castle 10.148 9.94 Prestonpans, East Lothian, salt panning 2.23, 2.24 stonewares (Rhenish) see Rhenish Stoneware Saintonge white ware, Melgund Castle 10.148, Post Medieval Oxidised Redware, Dundee, Nethergate Price, Mr Atholl 6.1 Tin Glazed Earthenware 9.81, 9.82 10.149 9.88, 9.89, 9.93, 9.94 Priestfield, Angus, cropmark site 9.31 Valencian lustreware 17th/18th centuries Reduced Green Glaze, Crail 7.97, 7.98, 7.99 Priorfield, Fife 3.65 Arbroath High Street 5.59, 5.61 at Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.125, 3.128, 3.131 Reduced Ware 5.93, 7.97, 7.98, 7.99 Priory Gardens, Pittenweem (ʻWitch Cornerʼ) 9.126 brown salt-glazed stoneware, Culross Palace, Fife Saintonge 5.98–5.99 promontory forts 5.29, 5.46, 8.42 70 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 71

Proudfoot, Edwina 6.201 quicklime, in human burial 3.155 Inchture 10.87, 10.89, 10.91, 10.92, 10.93 rapiers 7.5, 7.9 St Andrews Cathedral Graveyard Survey 4.248–4.259 Inchture marine shells 9.3–9.5, 9.4 raspberry remains 9.79, 9.85 short-cist burials from Fife 3.1–3.21 r Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.20, 9.21, 9.24, 9.28– rat bones Public Health movement, and Crail 7.115 rabbit bones 9.29 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.103 Pullar, Mr L 7.10 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.103 Keabog, Kincardine and Deeside: Beaker 3.46 Anstruther Easter, Fife (brown rat) 3.126, 3.138, 3.139 Pulverised Fly Ash (PFA), Preston Island 2.1, 2.6, 2.7, 2.21, Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.71, 7.73 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17, 7.20, 7.24 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.71, 7.73 2.25 St Andrews (South Street) 6.126–6.127 Litigan, Aberfeldy, Perthshire: circular homestead 5.47 Dundee City Churches: medieval cemetery (brown rat) 6.83, punch/chisel, iron, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.131 rabbit damage Loanleven, Perthshire 6.84 Purvis burial enclosure, Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.125, 8.127, Brown Caterthun 5.30, 5.32–5.33 Bronze Age cemetery 10.50 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee (brown rat) 4.193 8.129, 8.131–8.132, 8.134 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.106, 4.107, 4.109, 4.113, 4.114, cist 3.33 Rathillet, Fife 3.76, 4.233 Pusk, Fife, Roman iron Age brooches 2.114, 2.115, 2.116, 4.116 Mains of Balgavies, Angus 4.49, 4.56 Rattray, Aberdeenshire 6.56, 7.63 2.117 Maryton Law, Angus 4.20–4.30, 4.26 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.40–9.41, 9.45, 9.52, pottery 4.171, 4.176 Pusk Farm, Balmullo, Fife, medieval metalwork finds 3.191 Turin Hill, Angus 5.45 9.53, 9.54 pottery kilns 2.40, 2.126, 2.127, 2.129, 4.170, 5.76 Putekin, Buddo, Fife 1.48 Rachel House, Kineaross 8.170 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno, Angus 4.51, 4.65 stone spindle whorl 4.84 radiocarbon dating Maryton Law prehistoric mound: Food Vessel 4.25 Ravelston, near Edinburgh, gardens 8.172 q British Bronze Age 2.67 Midtown of Pitglassie: Neolithic site 8.47–8.48 Ray, John 8.163 Quality Control Officers (brackers/selectors), Russian trade Bronze Age burial/ceremonial sites 3.24 Montrose (Wishart Avenue): human bone 6.27–6.28 RCAHMS 6.213, 6.215, 6.217, 6.219, 6.220, 6.221, 6.222 Bronze Age logboats 10.62–10.63 Muirhall Farm short-cist 3.43 CANMORE database, ice houses 10.169–10.170 quarrying cereal remains 7.23, 7.24 Nethermuir Neolithic site 8.5, 8.8–8.9 gravestones recorded 7.129 Craigie Hill 3.68, 3.69 cist burials 7.20 Newbarns cropmarks 10.101–10.102, 10.105, 10.107, Reade, John 10.181 damage to mound: Maryton Law, Angus 4.20, 4.29 cists in Angus 4.65, 4.66 10.112, 10.113, 10.114, 10.115 rectangular structures Gourdie Hill 4.137 Food Vessels 3.4, 3.32, 3.39, 3.40–3.41, 4.25 North Straiton, Fife: pit-alignment 2.45–2.51, 6.11 medieval 4.89 limestone 1.81, 1.82–1.83 henge monuments 10.20 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church excavation 10.130 Abernethy, possible 10.75, 10.80, 10.81 Perthshire 6.169 human bone deposits 7.8 Park of Tongland 3.52 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.127 Turin Hill, Angus 5.36, 5.41, 5.44 Iron Age pottery 9.24 Pitcarmick North 3.162 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.109 quartz, Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.38, 9.44 metalwork 7.3, 7.9 St Andrews Cragganester, Loch Tay, possible 5.139 Queenʼs Ferry 2.73 Prehistoric pottery 9.60 St Maryʼs Church: burials 1.23 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.78, 3.115 Queenʼs Gardens, St Andrews see St Andrews short-cist burials 3.10 St Maryʼs Kirkhill 10.131 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.163, 3.169 Queenʼs University, Belfast, dendrochronology 6.204 Abernethy: probable souterrain 10.75 St Nicholas Farm 1.52, 1.65 rectilinear enclosures 6.12, 8.11, 8.16 Queenʼs View, Strathtummel 5.47 Abernethy medieval features 10.73 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.85, 5.86 Newbarns, Angus 10.95, 10.98–10.100, 10.101, 10.102, querns 8.80 Abernethy School 10.78, 10.79, 10.80, 10.81, 10.83 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.84, 4.85, 4.89 10.113–10.114 at Abernethy, Perthshire 10.73, 10.81, 10.82 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.126 Shanzie Farm souterrain, Perthshire 8.77, 8.80, 8.84, 8.87, see also West Mains, Lunan Bay (cropmark enclosure) at Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.57 Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.24, 3.28, 3.33 8.97, 8.101 rectilinear structures at Dubton Farm, Angus 8.28, 8.71 Brown Caterthun hillfort 5.46 Tanglehaʼ, Kincardineshire inhumation 2.42, 2.44 Balbridie 8.61 at Fletcherfield, Strathmore, Angus: souterrain 8.103 Carpow: late Bronze Age logboat 10.59 Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.27, 7.31 see also longhouses at Forgan, Fife 4.94 Carpow peat deposits 10.59 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.38, 7.40 rectilinear timber structures at Wemyss Caves 8.113 Carsie Mains structures 10.8, 10.14, 10.16, 10.17, 10.20, Wardend of Durris pits 9.30 Carsie Mains, Perthshire 10.2, 10.3–10.15, 10.4, 10.6–10.7, at West Grange of Conon: souterrain 9.65 10.22 Wemyss Caves 8.114, 8.115, 8.117–8.118, 8.120, 8.121, 10.17–10.18, 10.19, 10.20, 10.22 bun Castle Menzies Neolithic enclosure 8.13, 8.14, 8.15–8.16, 8.122 ʻaisle postʼ group 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.7, 10.14, 10.17, Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.98, 3.100, 3.106 8.18 West Scryne, Angus: cist 4.58 10.19 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.98–3.100, 3.99, Castle Park, Dunbar 10.131 Westhaugh of Tulliemet cists 3.35 roofed/open structure? 10.19 3.101, 3.106 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.5–4.6, 4.6, 4.18, see also dendrochronology Neolithic 10.17–10.19, 10.18 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.88, 8.89, 8.92 4.19 Raigmore, Inverness, Food Vessel 3.39 recumbent stone circles disc Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.109, 4.120–4.123, 4.125, 9.61 railways, and coal mining 3.205 Angus 5.12–5.15 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.98, 3.100, 3.106 Douglasmuir cursus, Angus 6.15 ʻraised beachesʼ, East Neuk, Fife 3.119 distribution 5.13 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.98–3.100, 3.99, Dubton Farm, Angus: Neolithic period 8.24, 8.41, 8.43, 8.49, Ralston, Ian Perthshire 5.12, 5.21 3.101–3.102, 3.106 8.52, 8.68, 8.69, 8.70 Edinburgh University Centre for Field Archaeology (CFA) south Kincardineshire 5.15–5.21 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.88, 8.89, 8.92 Dunfermline: Aberdour Road Food Vessel 4.76 5.28–5.35 red deer antler tine, Arbroath High Street 5.65 pot, St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75, 5.80, 5.85 Dunlappie Parish Church burials 9.100 Turin Hill survey work 5.36–5.49 red deer bones rotary East Campsie cist 4.54 ramparts Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.137, 3.138 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.28, 8.34, 8.42, 8.50, 8.72, 8.76 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.84, 3.86, 3.89, 3.106, 3.108, 3.109, possible, Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.54 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.157 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.91 3.111–3.112, 3.118, 7.43 timber-laced: Fettercairn, Kincardineshire 9.61 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.193 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.98–3.100, 3.99, Fettercairn, Kincardineshire 9.61 Ramsay, Dr Susan St Andrews (South Street) 6.126 3.101–3.102 Finavon hillfort 5.46 Carsie Mains: botanical remains 10.8–10.17 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.67 Ruthven, Angus 5.23 Fletcherfield souterrain 8.109 Inchture: palaeobotanical remains 10.89 Redcastle, Angus 6.23, 8.28, 9.15 Turin Hill, Angus 5.44, 5.45 Greencairn, Angus 5.46 Kingsbarns: botanical samples 7.19–7.20, 7.23 cereal remains 9.28 saddle Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.95 Tarvit to Balmullo pipeline: plant remains 7.30–7.31 excavations 5.33, 5.35 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.29, 8.42, 8.72 Holly Road, Leven: Bronze Age cemetery 10.25, 10.28, Rankin, Dorothy, macroplant remains: Culhawk Hill, Angus prehistoric pottery 8.41, 8.94 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.98, 3.100, 3.106 10.30, 10.31, 10.32, 10.40, 10.45–10.47, 10.45, 10.48, 4.106, 4.116–4.120 Roman finds 9.25 near Duncrub 8.2 10.49, 10.50, 10.53 Rankin, F, Wemyss Caves 8.111 souterrains 5.30, 5.32, 8.68, 8.71, 8.79, 8.80, 9.30, 9.61, 10.116 72 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 73

square barrows 5.30, 5.32, 10.95, 10.113 Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline 7.27 post-medieval burials 4.296, 4.297–4.298 Roman period 8.80 Rees, Alastair West Lethans, Fife 1.81 and souterrains 8.108, 8.109 2nd-century withdrawal 10.81, 10.83 Inchture: prehistoric and medieval features 10.85–10.93 Riga, trade from 6.194, 6.215, 6.219, 6.221 use of caves 2.119 Abernethy area military sites 10.75 Inchture marine shell radiocarbon determinations 9.3–9.5 ring-ditches see also burial practices; ceremonial and burial sites; Airlie School: glass 9.72 Rees, Thomas, Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house, Kirriemuir, Angus Craigie Hill, Fife 3.66, 3.68 ceremonial practices/monuments; deposition; funerary campaign in southern Pictland 10.81, 10.83 4.106–4.128 Dubton Farm, Angus: Neolithic/Iron Age 8.19 monuments; funerary rituals; funerary/votive offerings; Constantineʼs Cave finds 8.114 Reformation 6.133 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.77, 3.79, 3.82 witchcraft drainage systems 10.180, 10.183 and Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.110 Newbarns, Angus 10.95, 10.97–10.98, 10.99, 10.100, 10.113 ritual monuments, Neolithic enclosures 8.17 fish ponds 8.186 and Arbroath 4.269 ring-ditch houses 9.60, 9.61 rivet/nail, copper-alloy, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.131 game of merelles 4.148 and Crieff Burgh Cross 6.180 Castle Hill, Angus 4.108, 4.124 road metalling, South Street, Perth 9.78, 9.79 Inchture, Perthshire 10.89 and Dunkeld Cathedral 4.138 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.106–4.128, 4.107, 4.108, 4.110, road surfaces, gravel, South Street, Perth 9.79 marching camps 4.101 and Dunlappie parish church 9.97, 9.101 4.111, 9.61 road/pathway, Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.92 Edenwood, Fife 4.68, 4.69, 4.90–4.92, 4.91, 4.92 and Edzell 6.138 Douglasmuir, Angus 4.124–4.125, 5.46 roads in Fife 2.118, 2.119 in Perth 6.197, 6.198 Inverkeilor, Angus 5.46 A90: Inchture 9.3, 10.85, 10.91, 10.92, 10.93 Roman weapon, supposed, from Forth 7.1–7.2 refrigeration, and food preservation 10.167, 10.168, 10.175 ring-ditch structures, Newbarns, Angus 10.102, 10.104, 10.105, A90 (old) 4.99, 4.100, 4.100, 4.103, 4.104, 4.105 Roman/Iron Age metalwork 7.9 Regensburg, Bavaria, mirror-case 4.152, 4.154, 4.158 10.114–10.115 A92: Fife water pipeline 4.67 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.88, 8.89, 8.92–8.94, 8.97, 8.98 Register of the Great Seal 4.232 ring-groove enclosure, Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.112–4.113, A827: Loch Tay 9.9 temporary camp, near Dunning, Perthshire 10.65–10.66 Regulus, Saint 1.23, 3.143 4.114, 4.115, 4.123, 4.125–4.126, 4.128 B847 Kinloch Rannoch to 5.106, 5.110, 5.126 see also Carpow (legionary fortress); coins; Inchtuthil, Reid, Alison, Bronze Age socketed gouge 3.59 ring-groove structures 9.30 M90 motorway 1.78 Perthshire; Longforgan, Dundee (temporary camp); Reid, John: treatise The Scots Gard’ner 8.172 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.15, 9.21, 9.22, 9.29, Roman road system, Strowan, Perthshire 6.173 pottery; roads relics 9.31, 9.33 St Michaelʼs to (now B945) 3.68, 3.69 Romancamp Gate, Moray 10.19, 10.115 of St Columba 6.164, 6.175, 6.178 putative: Inchture 10.85, 10.87, 10.88, 10.91–10.92 see also Military Road; trackways Prehistoric period 9.49 of the Saints 6.177–6.178, 6.180 ʻring-groove and tailʼ 9.22, 9.29 Roberston, the late Prof. Anne, coins 5.119 Romance iconography, Tristram and Iseult mirror-case 4.150, Renaissance gardens 7.67 ring-marked stone Robert, Bishop of St Andrews 1.25, 3.143, 7.80, 7.83 4.160–4.162 Renfrew, Clyde metalwork find 7.9 Angus 5.8 Robert I, King (ʻThe Bruceʼ) 4.179, 5.151 Romanesque architecture, St Serfʼs Church tower, Dunning Rentale Dunkeldense 8.98 Loanleven, Perthshire 3.33 Crail burgh charter 7.95 10.66 Renwick, W and Bald, R: Report on Preston Island 2.1, 2.8, ring-mound, Neolithic, Midtown of Pitglassie, Aberdeenshire 8.47 and leprosy 1.48 Romano-British period 9.49 2.13, 2.22, 2.24, 2.25 ring-works 3.176, 3.184 papal recognition of 4.266 trumpet brooch 9.22, 9.25–9.26, 9.25, 9.31, 9.33 repair patch, lead, Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.83 ringforts 9.1 Robert II, Earl of Leicester 5.148 Rome Gospels 4.134 Repton, Sir Humphrey 2.2–2.3, 8.184, 8.185 dun of Brenich, Loch Tummel 5.126 Robert II, King 7.114 Ronan, Saint 6.166, 6.171, 6.173, 6.174, 6.177, 6.179–6.181, Rescobie Loch, Angus 5.35, 5.36 rock carvings 1.16 Robert III, King, coin 2.102, 2.103 6.182 Neolithic rock carvings 1.20 rings Robert, Prince (son of James VI) 2.99 roof, early timber-frame see Brechin, Angus (Nos 68–74 High St) rescue archaeology 3.22, 5.33, 5.106 copper-alloy 3.189, 3.191, 3.195, 4.223 Roberts, Julie A roof slates see slates, roof resistivity surveys fede 3.194 Dundee, City Churches (medieval cemetery)Ä6.71–6.86 roof tiles see tiles Belliston Farm, Fife 3.6, 3.21 silver 3.192, 3.194, 3.195 Kingbarns, Fife: human bone 7.19 roofing slabs Craigie Hill, Fife 3.61 finger, amber 8.84, 8.88, 8.91, 8.93 Kirkton, Fife: cremations 4.71–4.73 decorated: Barns of Airlie souterrain, Angus 1.13, 1.14–1.15 Edzell Old Church, Angus: burial ground 6.147–6.149, 6.148 gold 3.188, 3.192, 3.194, 8.156, 8.157 Scotstarvit, Fife: burnt bone 4.88 Ruthven souterrain, Angus 5.23, 5.25, 5.26–5.27, 5.26 Hawkhill cropmark enclosure 9.59 iron 5.118 Tarvit to Balmullo pipleine: cremated bone 7.31 Roscobie Limekilns, Fife 1.82, 1.82 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.80–3.81, 3.82 from coffins 4.291 Robertson, Rev James, minister of Callander 7.135 Rosemarkie, Ross and Cromarty, sculpture 4.131, 4.136, 6.160, Longforgan, Dundee: Roman temporary camp 4.101 medieval metalwork finds from east Fife 3.194–3.195 Robertson, William, Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.115 6.164, 6.165 Melgund Castle 10.137 silver 4.267, 4.276 Robʼs Reed, Restenneth: circular homestead 5.47 Ross, Dr Thomas 9.110 Newbarns, Angus 10.95–10.96, 10.100, 10.102 see also wire rings rock carvings Rossie Island 6.27 Restennet: independent cell 1.8 Rink, the, Selkirkshire, brooch 2.115 Neolithic: in Angus 5.7–5.11 Rossie Priory, Perthshire, moated site 3.178, 3.178, 3.186 Restenneth Priory, Angus 4.271, 5.47 Ripon Minster, Yorkshire 6.197 prehistoric: in Angus 1.11–1.22, 1.12, 1.13, 1.14, 1.17, 1.18– Rosslyn, Earl of 3.205 cup-markings 1.12 Ritchie, Anna, Meigle and lay patronage in Tayside in 9th/10th 1.19 Rosyth Naval Dockyard, Fife 3.207 Reswallie, Angus, cup-markings 1.11, 1.12, 1.13–1.14 centuries 1.1–1.10 Gazetteer 1.22 Rothbury Cross, Northumberland 4.134 Reswallie Mains, Angus, Food Vessel 3.39, 3.40, 4.52 Ritchie, J (Curator, Perth Museum) 4.150, 4.155 Prehistoric, Strath Tay 9.6, 9.7–9.13, 9.8, 9.10–9.12 Rothes, Earls of 3.190 retting ponds 3.164 ritual Turin Hill, Angus 5.44, 5.47 Rotteneareoch, Crieff, Perthshire, Neolithic long cairn 6.176 Reycross Roman camp 4.91 apotropaic markings/spiritual middens, Anstruther 9.124, see also sculpture and incised stone Rouen, France, medieval pottery 8.156 Rhinns of Galloway, water meadows 7.133 9.125, 9.126, 9.127, 9.128 roe deer bones round barrows 10.95, 10.113 Richard, Bishop of St Andrews 3.143 Bronze Age burial grounds 4.77 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.157 Pitnacree 5.21 Richardson, F W (farmer) 4.47 and burials: Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.109 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.193 probable: Mains of Careston, Careston, Angus 4.40 Richardson, Sir John Stewart 4.173 cremation burials 7.31 St Andrews (South Street) 6.126 roundhouses 8.86, 10.19 Richmond, William, pipemaker, Dunfermline 4.226 cup/cup-and-ring markings in Angus 1.16, 1.17, 1.20 Roger, Bishop of St Andrews 1.25, 3.143 Abernethy area, possible 10.73 Rideout, J S, prehistoric burials from Angus 4.31, 4.49–4.66 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.31 seal 5.146–5.148, 5.147, 5.160 Dalladies, possible 10.81 rig cultivation, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.163, 3.169, 3.170 Kirkton Bronze Age cemetery 4.70, 4.73, 4.74, 4.77–4.78 Roger, David, Belliston Farm, Fife 3.5, 3.8 Inchture, possible ring-groove timber 10.87, 10.91–10.92 rig and furrow cultivation 10.180 and late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age timber circles 10.19 Roman Iron Age Ironshill East palisaded enclosure, possible 9.15, 9.22, 9.29, Castle Hill, Angus 4.108 and lithics 8.48 brooches, Pusk Farm 3.191 9.61 Lochore Country Park, Harran Hill, Fife 1.78 and medieval metalworking 4.89 button-and-loop fastener 3.190 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure, possible 9.54 Ormiston Farm, Newburgh, Fife 4.146 Neolithic unearoofed structures 10.17 copper-working 3.57 Turin Hill, Angus 5.44 post-medieval, North Straiton farm, Fife 2.47 metalwork finds from Fife and Tayside 2.113–2.125 74 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 75

see also ring-ditch houses animal bone 2.105, 4.194 Phase II plot B medieval buildings 6.112–6.116, St Margaretʼs Shrine, Dunfermline Abbey 2.110 roundwood charcoal bone buttons 2.53, 2.54 6.113–6.115, 6.131, 6.133 St Martinʼs Church, Wharram Percy, North Yorkshire 4.291 Carsie Mains 10.4, 10.19 Bronze Age hoard 8.93 Phase III (late medieval) 6.116–6.118, 6.117, 6.133 St Martinʼs Cross, Iona 6.159, 6.168 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.28, 8.49, 8.50, 8.51, 8.60, 8.71 Commissariat Records 7.129 Phase IV post-medieval horticulture 6.118, 6.119 St Maryʼs Abbey, York 5.148 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28, 9.31 copper-alloy button 2.53, 2.54 Phase V (modern) 6.118 St Maryʼs Chapel, Arbroath 4.269, 4.271, 4.272 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.95 dendrochronology of oak timbers 6.201–6.210 Queen Maryʼs House: oak timbers 6.201, 6.204, 6.205 St Maryʼs Church , Crailʼ7.105, 7.108 rowan remains, Scotstarvit, Fife 4.85 founding of burgh 7.95 St Johnʼs House: oak timbers 6.201–6.204, 6.202, 6.205, St Maryʼs Church, Dundeeʼ6.71,ʼ6.73, 6.75, 6.83, 6.84, 6.85 Roxburghe, Duke of 5.163 ʻgarden soilʼ reassessment 7.87–7.92 6.207–6.208 St Maryʼs Church, St Andrews, early sculptured stone 1.23, Roy, Mike gift of Meigle church to canons at 1.4 see also Byre Theatre, Abbey Street 1.26 Abbey National Building, High Street, Perth 6.87–6.108 medieval meat consumption 3.138, 3.139 see also Kinkell cave; Kirkhill; pottery; St Nicholas Farm St Maryʼs and St Briocʼs church, Dunearod, Kirkcudbrightshire Cromwellʼs citadel, Perthʼ8.145–8.167 medieval seals of bishops 5.146–5.151 St Andrews 3.182 Dundee, Murraygate (Nos 72–8) 6.37–6.49, 6.67 medieval structures in 7.80 archbishopric of 6.139 St Maryʼs Tower, Dundee 6.71 St Andrews Cathedral Graveyard Survey 4.254 pilgrimage centre 3.194 diocese of: Dunlappie 9.97 St Michaelʼs Chapel, Arbroath 4.270, 4.272 Roy, General William 4.241 post-medieval dress accessories 2.52–2.54 medieval diocese of 6.138 St Michaelʼs Parish Church, Crieff 6.174–6.175 Craigie Hill, Fife: survey 3.68 post-medieval prosperity? 7.90, 7.92 St Andrews Bay, herring fishing 7.74 St Michaelʼs parish church of Tarvit, Cupar 3.192, 3.193 Dalgineaross Camp, Comrie: map 7.119 pottery , Beatonʼs murderʼ10.136 St Monanʼs Cell 8.114 Dundee: map 6.35 ceramic objects 2.101 St Andrews Cathedral 4.250 St Monans, Fife 6.55, 7.93, 8.159 Glen Cochill, Perthshire: map 3.167 medieval 2.127, 4.84, 5.97 gravestones 7.129, 7.130 circular dovecot 10.150 military survey 8.170, 9.114 Scottish White Gritty ware production 3.91, 3.104 graveyard survey 4.248–4.259, 4.256–4.257 medieval metalwork finds 3.188, 3.193–3.194, 3.195, 3.199, Strathbraan, Perthshire: map 3.163, 3.171, 3.172 pre-burghal 1.23–1.27, 1.24 St Andrews Cathedral Museum 4.133, 4.133, 4.254, 4.258, 3.200, 3.201 Royal Arsenal, Woolwich 3.214 Russian lead seals 6.213 4.259 Newark Farm 5.75 Royal Company of Archers 7.71 sculpture at 1.7, 6.158, 6.160–6.161, 6.164, 6.165, 6.168 St Andrews Heritage Services 3.5 Russian lead seals 6.213 royal progress, Anstruther 3.119 Abbey Street see Byre Theatre, Abbey Street St Andrews Museum 6.201, 6.222 salt pans 2.24, 2.25 royalty payments, in coal mining 3.205 Argyle Street 6.133, 7.80 St Andrews Prehistorians 8.139, 8.141 St Nicholas Burn, St Andrews 5.87, 5.90, 5.91, 5.96 rubbish pits, South Street, Perth 9.76, 9.77, 9.79 Auction Hall 7.80 1.23, 4.136, 6.161, 6.163, 6.180 St Nicholasʼ Church, Aberdeen 6.196, 6.197 rubbish/cess pits Castlecliffe 4.84, 6.100, 6.133, 7.65, 7.79 St Andrews University St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 6.30, 7.63, 7.65, 7.72 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.68, 7.72 Kinearimund 6.109 and Crail land 7.114 medieval leper hospital 1.26, 1.48–1.75, 1.49–1.50, 1.57, medieval 7.75, 7.76 Ladebraes Lane 6.109, 6.133 Student Archaeology Society 3.1, 3.5, 4.248 2.101, 5.87–5.105, 5.88–5.90, 5.92, 8.141 see also midden deposits Law Park 3.102 St Andrews Well, Lindores, Fife 3.189 St Ninianʼs Chapel, Arbroath 4.269, 4.270 Ruckley, Nigel 9.117 Leper Hospital of the Blessed Nicholas see St Nicholas Farm St Athernase Church, Leuchars 5.82 St Ninianʼs Isle, Shetland 6.163, 6.168 Ruddock, Ted (architect) 7.24 Logies Lane 6.78, 6.80, 7.55, 7.80, 7.81 St Benedictʼs Church, Norwich 4.291 St Paulʼs Cathedral, London: seal 5.156–5.157 ʻRude Wellʼ, Crail 7.93 Church of the Holy Trinity: cemetery 3.143–3.160, 3.144, St Bridgetʼs, Fife 7.130 St Paulʼs Church, Antwerp 4.292 Ruggles, Clive L N, recumbent stone circles in Kincardine and 7.55 St Catherineʼs Chapel, Carlisle Cathedral 6.197 St Petersburg, lead seals from 6.211, 6.213, 6.214, 6.215, Angus 5.12–5.22 ʻLong Rigsʼ 6.109, 6.133 St Christopherʼs Parish Church, Cupar 5.72–5.86, 5.74, 5.77– 6.217–6.219, 6.220, 6.221, 6.222, 6.224–6.225 Rum, island of 4.54 Market Street 3.139, 3.143, 6.109, 6.118, 6.133, 7.59 5.81, 7.129, 7.130 St Petersburg Gospels 6.158, 6.163 Mesolithic period 4.11, 4.12, 4.14, 4.15 Nos 120–4 7.67 St Clementʼs, Dundee 6.71 St Ronanʼs Bell, Strowan 6.177–6.179, 6.177, 6.183 Rumgally, Fife, cist 4.74 No 134 7.67, 7.72, 7.73 St Columbaʼs Church, Braighe, Lewis 2.43 St Ronanʼs parish church, Iona 6.179 Rupertus cross 6.163 North Castle Street 7.80, 7.83 St Davids, Pembrokeshire, Wales 6.177 St Ronanʼs Well, Strowan 6.171, 6.173 Russell Trust 4.250 North Street 3.143, 6.109, 7.80 St Denis, Paris, cenotaph of Dagobert 9.107 St Ruleʼs, St Andrews 1.23, 1.25, 4.248, 4.249, 6.180 Russell-White, C J, cists in Angus 4.49–4.60 Cinema House 3.139, 6.118, 6.131, 6.133, 7.63, 7.65, St Fillanʼs Bell, Struan, Atholl 6.176, 6.178 St Salvatorʼs College Chapel, St Andrews 9.107 Russia 7.67, 7.72, 7.73, 7.80 St Fillanʼs Cave, Pittenweem 8.114 St Vigeans, Angus Arbroath trade with 4.268 Old Studentʼs Union: oak timbers 6.201, 6.203, 6.204, St Fillanʼs Church, Forgan, Fife 3.64, 3.65, 3.70, 3.188, 3.191 Drostan Stone 1.4, 1.6, 4.160 lead seals in Fife 6.211–6.227 6.205 see also under Forgan (medieval metalwork finds) parish church for Arbroath 4.264, 4.269, 4.271 Novgorod 7.71 Priory 3.191, 4.235, 5.75 St Fillanʼs Church, Struan, Atholl 6.171, 6.176–6.177, 6.178 sculpture at 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 5.32, 6.161, 6.167, 6.168 see also St Petersburg and St Fillanʼs Church, Forgan 3.64, 3.65, 3.70 , Perthshire see Dundurn Saint-Omer 3.194 Rutherford, A, plan of Perth (1774) 9.75, 9.76, 9.81 Priory Church of 5.72 St Germain bronze gilt plaques 6.164 Saintonge, south-west France: medieval pottery industry 5.98 Ruthven Church, Angus Queen Street 6.109 St Germains, East Lothian 8.93, 9.24, 9.31 Saints, relics of 6.164, 6.175, 6.177–6.178, 6.180 cup-and-ring marks 1.13 Queenʼs Gardens, medieval metalwork 3.188, 3.191, 3.200 St Helen-on-the-Walls cemetery, York, human skeletal remains Salachill, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.164, 3.172–3.174, 3.172, souterrain 1.13, 5.23–5.27, 5.24, 5.25 Queenʼs Terrace 6.109 3.154 3.173, 5.134 Ruthven, Strathmore, souterrain 8.104 St Leonardʼs 7.80, 7.129 St Johnʼs Kirk, Perth 4.138, 6.87, 6.90, 6.106, 6.189, 6.197, Saline, Fife, extractive workings 1.76, 1.78 rye 6.63, 6.66, 6.67 St Maryʼs House, probable ice house 10.169 8.162, 8.165, 9.85, 10.126 Salisbury and South Wiltshire Museum, Russian lead seals Abernethy School 10.79 St Maryʼs Kirkhill 10.131 St Johnʼs Tower, Ayr, pot quern 5.85 6.211 Arbroath High Street 5.56, 5.66 St Ruleʼs 6.180 St Joseph, J K S 4.99, 4.100, 4.101, 4.105 salmon Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.56, 7.77, 7.79, 7.81 St Salvatorʼs College Chapelʼ9.107 St Julianʼs hospital, St Albans 1.59 and lepers 1.73 Newbarns, Angus 10.109 South Castle Street 2.53, 2.54, 6.133, 7.65, 7.80, 7.83 St Laurence Well, Edzell 6.138 and Montrose trade 1.36 Salvation Army Citadel, South Street, Perth 9.85 South Street 3.143, 3.146–3.148, 3.147, 3.150, 3.150, St Leonardʼs, St Andrews 7.80, 7.129 in Pictish art 7.45 3.152, 3.154, 3.159, 3.191 St Leonardʼs School, St Andrews 4.248 salmon fishing, Tay/Forth 7.8 s Nos 106–110 6.109–6.135, 6.110, 6.111, 7.80 St Louis Farm, Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.167 salmon trade 10.167 sacrament houses 9.103–9.111 Phase I (early medieval) 6.109–6.112, 6.112, 6.113, , Perthshire, sculpture at 6.161 salmonella 2.104 St Andrews, Fife 6.131, 6.133 St Margaretʼs Church, Kingʼs Lynn 5.155, 5.156, 5.160 salt 76 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 77

Cheshire rock-salt industry 2.23 timber trade 8.197, 10.160, 10.161, 10.165 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.87, 5.95 copper-alloy, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.93, 2.95 in fish preservation 7.74 see also Anglo-Scandinavian period; Denmark; Norway; Star Garage excavations, Montrose 1.36 Sealand, Denmark 6.203 Salt Duties 3.205, 3.206 Wemyss Caves 8.120 seals salt panning industry Scaurhill (Scaur Hill), Fife, lime-extraction 1.82, 1.83 Scottish Water 10.179 13th century: Tayside, Fife and wider world 5.146–5.162 and coal mining 2.22, 2.24, 3.205–3.206 Scheduled Ancient Monument Scouringburn, Dundee 4.179, 4.181, 4.183 Bergen Cathedral, Norway 5.157, 5.159, 5.160 Culross, Fife 4.202, 4.226, 4.228, 4.229, 8.182, 8.184, 8.187 Cragganester, Loch Tay 5.139 Scragg, Thomas 10.181 bronze double-seal matrix: Inchaffray Abbey, Perthshire Fife and Forth Basin 2.23–2.24 Ironshill East, Angus, palisaded enclosure 9.15 scrapers, flint 5.151–5.154, 5.152–5.154, 5.156, 5.157, 5.158, 5.159– Preston Island 2.1–2.26, 2.6–2.7, 2.9–2.14, 2.18, 2.20, Schmorlʼs nodes 6.80, 7.19 Mesolithic sites 4.15 5.160 3.205 Schofield, G (AOC), Belliston Farm Food Vessel 3.9, 3.21 Neolithic 8.47, 8.48 copper-alloy matrix: Kingʼs Lynn 5.153–5.156, 5.155, 5.157, salt works Scone, Perthshire 4.138, 6.169, 6.176, 7.136 Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.28 5.157, 5.159–5.160 Culross, Fife 8.184–8.185 Augustinian Abbey 6.197 Barns Farm, Dalgety, Fife 4.74 lead, Russian, in Fife 6.211–6.227, 6.212, 6.214, 6.216, see also Preston Island Book of Scone 4.172 Brackmont Mill, Fife 4.74 6.218 salt-water fish ponds see fish ponds coronations at 5.159 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.7, 4.8, 4.9, 4.14, lead alloy, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.94 Salvation Army Citadel, South Street, Perth 9.74, 9.75–9.87, Scone Abbey, Perthshire 5.151, 5.160 4.15 Matthew Crambeth, bishop of Dunkeld 5.150–5.151, 5.151 9.79 scoops, Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20, 7.23 Dalgety Bay short-cist, Fife 3.17 of monks, brass, Arbroath Abbey 4.267 cobbled surface 9.78, 9.85–9.86, 9.87 Scot, Sir John, of Scotstarvit 7.114 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno 4.44 Register of the Great Seal 4.232 gravel road surfaces 9.79, 9.86 Scotia Archaeology Limited 4.206, 10.24, 10.137 Morton, Fife 4.14, 4.95 Roger, bishop of St Andrews 5.146–5.148, 5.147 ʻisland of truncated remainsʼ 9.77 Scots Mountstewart, Perthshire 8.2 St Paulʼs Cathedral, London 5.156–5.157 Phase 1 9.78 in Kingʼs Lynn 5.160 Nethermuir 8.7 William Fraser, bishop of St Andrews 5.148–5.151, 5.150 burgage plots 9.77 movement of 5.47 Upper Gothens 8.2, 8.4, 8.5 William Malvoisine, bishop of St Andrews 5.148, 5.149 medieval stone building 9.77–9.78, 9.79, 9.80, 9.81, 9.86 Scots language 4.139 Scrymgeour of Tealing, Mr 7.135 Seamer Moor, Yorkshire 10.34 Phase 2 9.78, 9.79 medieval boundary charters 4.232, 4.236–4.237, 4.239 Sculptorʼs Cave, Covesea, Moray 2.119 , Ayrshire 10.49 Phase 3 9.78 Scots Magazine 8.183 sculpture and incised stone seaweed 7.76 road metalling 9.78, 9.79 Scots pine 5.144 medieval boundaries 4.232 sedges 7.20, 7.78 Sanctuary, Durrington Walls 6.2 Scots pine charcoal 10.14 Neolithic: in Angus 5.7–5.11 Seggieden, Perthshire 7.8 sand deposits, Montrose 1.36, 1.39, 1.39, 1.41, 1.46 Scots pine timbers 8.191 ʻPictish beastʼ 7.45–7.47, 7.45, 7.46 Seigburg stoneware industry 5.97 Sandal Castle, Yorkshire 3.198, 7.67, 7.68 Scotstarvit, Fife scroll-bearing figures 9.105, 9.106, 9.107–9.108, 9.109, Selkirk, benefice of 9.109 Sandfjold, Orkney, food deposit in cist 3.19 Dark Age and medieval settlement 4.79–4.90, 4.79, 4.80, 9.110 Sens Cathedral 5.148 Sands, Rob, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews: wood remains 4.81, 4.82, 4.96 Aberlemno, Angus 1.7–1.8, 5.32 Serf, Saint 6.174, 6.176 5.103–5.104 Fife water pipeline 4.67, 4.69 Celtic, in Angus 6.138 Seton, Earls of 8.172 sandstone Scotston Farm, Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.167 Cortachy sacrament house, Angus 9.103, 9.104, 9.105– Severn estuary, Roman Iron Age brooches 2.116 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.97 Scott, Ian G, Crieff Burgh Cross 6.155 9.111 Severus, Emperor Lucius Septimius 4.90, 8.97 building materials, St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75, Scott, Rev James 7.11 Crail: Pictish 7.93, 7.108 campaigns 4.92, 4.101, 4.104 5.82 Scott, Sir Walter 2.3 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.125 coins 3.63 Dun Knock vitrified rocks 10.67, 10.68, 10.71 Woodwray cross-slab 1.9n4 Edzell Old Church finds 6.138 Roman camps, Fife 2.118, 2.119 Neolithic carved 5.7 Scott family, limestone quarrying, Angus and Kincardineshire French cathedrals 5.148 shale fragment, St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.91 2.43 Glen Fender, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.172 shale objects whetstone 5.112 Scottish Church Heritage Research Ltd 10.132 Kirkhill, St Andrews 1.23, 1.26 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.113, 5.116, 5.120, 5.121, worked stone fragment, Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Scottish Field School of Archaeology (SFSA) 4.233 Meigle 1.1–1.10, 1.1–1.6 5.126 Church 10.127 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.61, 3.69, 3.70, 3.71, 3.73 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.123, 10.127, Pickletillem, Fife 3.63 see also Lower Old Red Sandstone (LORS) excavations at Easter Kinnear, NE Fife 3.74–3.118 10.128, 10.129 see also bangles; beads; spindle whorls sandstone/basalt 10.69–10.70, 10.69, 10.71, 10.72 pit alignment at North Straiton, Fife 2.45, 2.46, 2.47 Pittensorn Farm, Gellyburn, Perthshire 4.129–4.144 Shanzie Farm, Alyth, Perthshire, souterrain 8.77–8.101, 8.78, Sandwich Islands 8.186 Scottish Genealogy Society 7.129 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.81, 5.85 8.81–8.88, 8.108, 8.109, 10.81 Santiago de Compostela, Spain, pilgrimage to 3.194, 3.201 Scottish Industrial Archaeology Survey (SIAS) 2.1, 2.21 ʻStanding Stone of Sauchopeʼ 7.93 Sharp, Greenwood and Fowlerʼs map 3.69, 4.238, 8.170, 8.196 sarcophagi Scottish Place-Name survey 4.233 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.161 shears, iron, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.81, 2.83, 2.96, 2.97 Govan, Strathclyde 1.7 Scottish Planning Legislation and Scottish churches 10.131 Tealing, Angus 4.166–4.169 sheep bones see also St Andrews Sarcophagus Scottish Tree-Ring Database Project 6.201 Turin Hill, Angus 5.44 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.100, 2.103, 2.104 Sarmatian burial, Vinograndi, near Rostov 4.154 Scottish Universities Research and Reactor Centre (SURRC) Westerton, Angus 4.56 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.133 sasines, of Culross, Fife 4.228, 4.229 4.49 see also bedrock carving; Crieff Burgh Cross; cross-slabs; Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.126 Saville, Alan Scottish Urban Archaeological Trust (SUAT) 3.145, 3.160, crosses; cup marks; cup-and-ring marks; gravestones; Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.137, 3.138, 3.139, 3.140 Bolshan Hill, Angus: polished flint axe-head 5.1–5.6 3.187, 5.106, 5.136 hogback monuments; inscriptions; panels; ring-marked Arbroath High Street 5.64, 5.65 Holly Road, Leven: early Bronze Age cemetery, lithics Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.73 stone; rock carvings; St Andrews Cathedral (graveyard Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.53, 7.55, 7.58, 7.71, 7.72, 7.73, 10.32–10.34 Arbroath High Street excavations 5.50 survey); St Vigeans; symbol stones; Wemyss, Fife (caves) 7.81 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire: lithics 8.92, 8.94–8.95 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee: excavationsʼ4.179, sea levels Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.156, 3.157 scallop shell, Ardross, Fife 3.194, 3.201, 3.201 4.182, 4.201 East Wemyss 8.111, 8.114, 8.122 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.83, 6.84 Scalloway, Shetland Islands, pottery 3.129, 6.120, 9.92 old Arbroath 4.260, 4.272, 4.274, 4.275–4.276 Fife Ness 4.12 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.58, 6.59, 6.60, 6.67 Scandinavia post-medieval dress accessories from excavations 2.52 sea urchin, Muirhall Farm short-cist 3.43 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.193, 4.194, Arbroath trade with 4.268 post-medieval graveyard excavations 4.289 Seafield, Inverness, brooches 9.26 4.195, 4.196, 4.197 moated sites 3.176 pre-burghal St Andrews 1.23, 1.26 seal matrices Montrose 1.40, 1.44, 1.45 Scotland and 5.159–5.160 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75 bronze, Bergen, Norway 4.157 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.102, 6.103, 78 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 79

6.104 Glenfender Burn, Perthshire 3.165 slates and Arbroath 4.268 St Andrews (South Street) 6.126, 6.127 in Perthshire 5.110 in drainage 10.181 possible evidence: Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.128 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.67, 1.69, 1.70, 1.70, 1.71, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.163, 3.169 roof 6.91, 6.100 Snabs, The: farmhouse, Longforgan 4.99 1.72 shoe making, Arbroath 4.268, 5.64 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.85, 2.97–2.98 snail, land, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.137 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.84 shoes/footwear 3.182, 6.100, 6.101 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.119, 5.120 Soay sheep 5.133, 6.59 Wemyss Caves 8.112 buckles, copper-alloy, Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.157, 8.158 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.132, 3.133 social status sheep rearing 4.84, 4.297 leather Arbroath High Street 5.62, 5.63 cist cemetery: Gairneybank, Kineaross 3.32 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.131, 5.135 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.75, 2.76, 2.103 Carmylie stone 10.153, 10.162 and post-medieval burials 4.297–4.298 introduction of: Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.126 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.116, 5.122, 5.124 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.45, 6.53, 6.57–6.58 Society of Antiquaries of London 7.2 sheep/goat bones, Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.161 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.66 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.192 Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 7.1, 7.2, 7.11, 7.130, 9.65 Sheffield Manor, Yorkshire, stove tiles 5.98 metal buckles 3.195 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.130 soda glass 4.226 Sheffield University, English Heritage laboratory 8.195 short-cist burials Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.84 soil analysis Shell UK 3.214 see cists South Leckaway early farmhouse 9.117 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.109, 4.113–4.114, 4.115 shellfish, East Wemyss 8.113 shrouds, burials in 3.157, 4.291, 4.292, 4.298, 6.82 ʻsleechingʼ: salt production 2.24 Longforgan Roman temporary camp 4.103 shells sickle-flints 8.4, 8.7 Sleepless Inch, Perthshire, logboat find 10.62 soil erosion Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.106 sickles 4.93, 7.8 Sliding (Sloping) Cave, East Wemyss 8.113, 8.114, moated sites 3.176 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.123 iron blade 5.117, 5.118 8.118–8.119, 8.120, 8.121–8.122 Turin Hill, Angus 5.44–5.46 Arbroath High Street 5.56, 5.64, 5.66 Sidlaw Hills 6.168, 6.169 Smaʼ Glen 6.169, 6.170 soil micromorphology Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.88, 7.89 Signal Tower Museum, Arbroath 6.211 Smart, John (of Brechin) 10.163 Cragganester, Loch Tay 5.140, 5.142–5.143 Carse of Gowrie, marine 10.92 Sillerholes, West Linton, Lothian 4.159 Smerrick, Enzie, Banffshire, axehead find spot 5.3, 5.4 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.114–4.116, 4.123, 4.124, 4.125 Crail 7.107, 7.108 silver, in medieval Perth 4.159 Smith, Catherine Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.45, 9.50, 9.51 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.21, 8.24 silver objects animal bone West Mains cropmark enclosure 6.23–6.24, 6.25 East Wemyss 8.111, 8.112 Cupar, Fife 3.192, 3.195 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.103–2.106 Soil Survey of Scotland 5.97, 9.12, 9.70, 9.93 Inchture, marine: radiocarbon determinations 9.3–9.5, 9.4 medieval metalwork finds in east Fife 3.194 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshireʼ5.133 soil surveys, clay sources for pottery 4.171–4.172 for mothe-of-pearl buttons 2.55–2.56 Norrieʼs Law hoard 2.118, 2.119 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.126 soils and pilgrimage 4.297 St Monans, Fife 3.193, 3.195 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.137–3.141 anthropogenic: Montrose 1.39, 1.39 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.90, 5.92 see also brooches; coins; rings; spoons Arbroath High Street 5.64–5.66 Carsie Mains 10.1, 10.2 Stannergate, Dundee, midden 4.179 Simmons, Mark, Perth Museum and Art Gallery 3.43 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.71–7.73 Holly Road, Leven, Fife 10.23 Tentsmuir Forest, Fife, possible middens 8.139, 8.140 Simpson, Biddy 7.18 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews medieval garden Wemyss Caves 8.114, 8.117, 8.118, 8.119, 8.120 Simpson, Prof. J Y 3.156–3.157 Arbroath 4.267 shelter, probable, Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.4, cups and concentric rings on stones and rocks 1.12–1.13 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.83–6.84 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.179, 4.182, 4.12–4.13, 4.17 Wemyss Caves carvings 8.111, 8.113 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.58–6.60 4.183–4.184, 4.185–4.186, 4.187, 4.198, 4.199 Shepherd, I A G, Almondbank excavation, Perthshire 3.22, Sîncraˇieni, Romania, scoop-like vessel 2.65, 2.67 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.101–6.105 Montrose 1.36, 1.38, 1.40–1.42, 1.41, 1.42, 1.46 3.28–3.30, 3.31–3.32 Sinnington, N. Yorkshire, sculpture at 6.164 St Andrews (South Street) 6.126–6.128 samples: Arbroath High Street 5.66–5.68 shepherds, burial of 4.297 Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), Carpow 10.59 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.67–1.73 see also garden soil Sheridan, Dr Alison situla, Kuffarn, Austria: La Tène burial 2.66, 2.67 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.84–9.85 Solent, fish ponds 8.187 Carse Farm 1 Collared Urn 3.51–3.52 Skara Brae, Orkney 4.120 Star Garage, Montrose 1.44–1.45 souterrains 9.60, 9.61 East Kinwhirrie, Kirriemuir, Angus: jet ornaments 4.32 Skene, James 6.158–6.159, 6.160, 6.175 bone analysis abandonment/decommissioning of 8.80, 8.95–8.97, 9.28, Holly Road, Leven: early Bronze Age cemetery: finds 10.34– Chronicle of the Picts and Scots 1.25 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.161–8.162 9.31, 9.72 10.40 Sketewan, Perthshire, cairn site 3.24 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.192, 4.193– ʻsouterrain abandonment horizonʼ 10.81 Westhaugh of Tulliemet Food Vessels 3.22, 3.37–3.41 Skidmore, Peter, diptera: Byre Theatre, St Andrews 4.198 and burial practice 9.72 White Cairn, Glen Cochill, Perthshire: Beaker 3.44–3.45 7.76 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76 and cup-marked stones 9.9 Sherriff, Andrew M, apotropaic markings/spiritual middens, skillets, ceramic 4.224, 5.75, 5.76, 5.98, 7.97, 7.98 bone objects, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.133 and Roman artefacts 9.25 Anstruther 9.125–9.128 Skinners Burn, Brechin 10.153 bone/antler objects, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.99–2.100 function 9.30 Sherriff, John R Skinnet, Caithness, sculpture at 6.161 bone/mollusc catalogue, St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar Late Iron Age 3.86, 3.114 Neolithic carved stones from Angus 5.7–5.11 skinning evidence 5.84–5.85 rock art in Angus 1.11, 1.13, 1.14–1.15, 1.16–1.17 possible Bronze Age metalworkerʼs mould: Angus 3.55–3.57 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.76, 2.84, 2.104 Smith, David (Cupar brickworks) 2.28–2.29, 2.34, 2.35, 2.41 ʻsouthern Pictlandʼ group 8.71, 8.72, 8.77–8.80, 8.94, 8.95– prehistoric rock-carving in Angus 1.11–1.22 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.84 Smith, William, of Deanston, and shallow drainage 10.180, 8.97 Ruthven souterrain, Angus 5.23–5.27 Skynner, Laurence, minister of Dunlappie and Stracathro 9.97 10.181, 10.183 stone-lined 8.72, 8.79, 8.104, 8.108 Shanzie Farm souterrain 8.77 slag 8.84, 8.86, 8.88, 8.92 Smith Museum and Art Gallery, Stirling, metalwork 7.5, 7.7, timber-built structures 8.28, 8.29, 8.71, 8.72, 8.76, 8.77– South Leckaway farmhouse 9.113–9.123 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.73, 2.81, 2.82, 2.83, 2.86, 7.12 8.79 Tanglehaʼ, Kincardineshire inhumation 2.42–2.44 2.103 smithies 2.126 Wainwrightʼs Southern Pictland tradition 9.65 Shetland Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.112 Forgan, Fife 4.67, 4.93–4.96, 4.94, 4.95 with niches 8.105, 8.108, 8.109 Papa Stour, 16th-century pottery 6.120 Arbroath High Street 5.54 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.88 Abernethy area, Perthshire Papil 1.5, 4.136 Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house, Angus 4.120 smithing nature of construction 10.80–10.81 Unst 4.86 evidence from medieval Montrose 1.41, 1.42 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.81, 2.103 probable 10.73, 10.75, 10.78, 10.80, 10.81, 10.83 see also Scalloway Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.185, 4.186, 4.198 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.105 Ardestie, Angus 1.15 shields, deposition of 7.7 industrial, Scotstarvit, Fife 4.83, 4.88 see also ironworking Barns of Airlie, Angus 1.13, 1.14–1.15, 1.16, 8.104, 8.108, shielings 5.109 lead, Maryton Law prehistoric mound 4.23 smoke-house, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.128, 3.141 9.65 Ben Lawers, Loch Tay 5.134, 9.7 see also iron slag smuggling Carlungie, Angus 1.15, 9.25, 9.26, 9.72 Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.167 slate, Victorian school 10.66 80 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 81

Dubton, Brechin, ʻmicro-souterrainsʼ 9.31, 9.61, 9.70 Ballinbreich Castle, Fife 3.190, 3.201–3.202 (Old) chipped Dubton Farm, Brechin 8.19, 8.28–8.34, 8.30–8.33, 8.42, Balmerino Abbey, Fife 3.191, 3.202 Cults Hill, Fife 1.83 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.42–8.49 8.49, 8.50, 8.51, 8.52, 8.60, 8.61, 8.68, 8.70–8.72, 8.76 Lindores Abbey 3.189, 3.202 Cupar 5.75 Hawkhill cropmark enclosure 9.60 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.80 Queenʼs Gardens, St Andrews 3.191 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.125 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.38, 9.44, 9.55 Fletcherfield, Strathmore, Angus 8.102, 8.103–8.109, 8.104– shale fragment 5.120, 5.121 Fife caves 8.122 hearth 6.112, 6.114–6.115, 6.116, 6.125, 6.131 8.107 stone 4.84 Stavanger Museum, Norway 5.121 skewputt: South Leckaway farmhouse 9.112, 9.113, 9.115 Hawkhill, Angus 9.30, 9.61, 9.72 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.119, 5.120, 5.126 steam engines, in coal mining 3.205 threshold, Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.129 Ironshill East, Angus 9.22, 9.24, 9.26, 9.28, 9.30–9.31, 9.33, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.126–3.127, 3.132, 3.133, 3.141 steam power, Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.112, 7.115–7.116 worked 9.61 Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house 4.113, 4.113, 4.124 Steelend Farm, Fife, extractive workings 1.78, 1.81 Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Angus 4.36, 4.38 Kirkton, Fife 4.67 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.102 Steeple Church, Dundee 6.72 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.102–3.104 Letham Grange, Angus 1.16 spinning 6.98 Stenhouse, Stirlingshire Kingsbarns, Fife 7.26 near Duncrub 8.2 wool and flax 5.119 pottery kilns 2.126, 2.127, 4.170–4.171, 4.176, 4.224 Newbarns, Angus 10.105 Newbarns, Angus spinning and weaving 3.102 Redware pottery 4.177 see also architectural stonework; basalt; Brechin (Nos possible 10.102, 10.115–10.116 spinning-wheels 5.118 Stephens, Charles, Buccleuch estates water meadows 7.133, 68–74 High St); building materials; Crieff Burgh Cross; see also ring-ditch structures iron axle, Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.117, 5.118 7.136 cross-slabs; crosses; culverts; cup marks; cup-and-ring Newbarns Farm, Angus 5.32 ʻspiritual middensʼ see Anstruther: 21 Shore Street Stephens, George, on water meadows 7.135, 7.136, 7.141 marks; discs; drains/drainage; dry-stone structures; Ruthven Church, Angus 1.13, 5.23–5.27, 5.24, 5.25 spoons Stevenson Engineers: plans 8.196 gravestones; ice houses; lintels; Melgund Castle Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.77–8.101, 8.79, 8.81–8.88 bone 7.64, 7.65 Stevenson, R B K 4.43 see also quarrying; ring-marked stone; rock carvings; see also Newmill, Perthshire; Redcastle, Angus; West horn 5.132 Stevenson, Sylvia 3.22 sandstone; sculpture and incised stone; slates; Grange of Conon metal 5.132 Stewart, David et al., Preston Island excavations 2.1–2.26 souterrains; standing stones; structures, stone; symbol South Esk, River 1.7, 8.19, 10.119 silver/copper 10.148 Stewart, Fraser stones; vitrified stone/rocks; Dun Knock hillfort; wells South Esk valley 5.28 wooden 5.132 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth: pottery 8.155–8.156 stone buildings see structures, stone South Friarton, cropmarks 3.113, 3.114, 4.68 Springwood Park, Kelso, Roxburghshire, lithic assemblage 4.15 Edzell Old Church, Angus 6.141, 6.147 stone circles 10.20 South Leckaway, Kinnettles, Angus Spurryhillock, Aberdeenshire, Neolithic pottery 8.41 Stewart, H (farmer) 4.44 Carse Farm 3.24, 3.48–3.52, 3.48, 3.52 early farmhouse 9.112, 9.113 Spynie, Lord 9.114 Stewart, James, Archbishop–elect of St Andrews 4.266 Croft Moraig (Croftmoraig), Perthshire 6.1–6.7, 6.1–6.5 as bothy 9.113, 9.122, 9.123 , Moray 6.126, 9.89 Stewart, James (son of James), Earl of Moray 4.266 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.107 early 18th-century 9.115–9.117, 9.116, 9.117, 9.123 Squair, Dr Robert, pottery, Tarvit to Balmullo pipeline 7.27–7.30 Stewart, John, constable of Scots army 5.72 Moncrieffe, Perthshire 7.10 historical background 9.112, 9.113–9.115, 9.113, 9.122 square barrows, putative: Newbarns, Angus 10.95, 10.113– Stewart, the late Dr Margaret 5.106–5.138, 9.1 see also recumbent stone circles later 18th-century/early 19th 9.117–9.119, 9.118, 9.119, 10.114, 10.115 burial and ceremonial centres of Bronze Age in Tayside stone craft, Dubton Farm, Angus 8.45–8.49 9.120 stakeholes 8.21, 9.20 3.22–3.54 stone features, Abernethy, Perthshire 10.73 19th-century cottage 9.113, 9.119–9.122, 9.121, 9.123 see also post-holes cup-and-ring markings 9.9 stone fragment, Roman, Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.88, 8.89, present farmhouse 9.114, 9.119 standing stones Stewart, Robert, duke of Albany and earl of Fife 5.72 8.92–8.93, 8.97 Southampton Balgrummo 10.23 Stewart, Walter, Earl of Atholl 9.103, 9.109 stone kilns Cuckoo Lane 3.202 and cup marks 1.11 Stirling lime: Fife 1.82, 1.83, 1.83 glass bead finds 5.121 Loups, Tannadice, Angus 1.15 gunmaking industry 4.172 see also kilns High Street 6.57 probable: Mains of Balgavies, Angus 1.16 medieval pottery industry 4.172, 4.173 stone objects wire rings 2.57 ʻStanding Stone of Sauchopeʼ, Crail 7.93 pipemakers 8.173 coarse stone smoothers 8.4, 8.5, 8.7, 8.8 Wool House 3.202 Staredam, near 4.137 post-medieval pottery 5.97 Mesolithic 4.15 Southern Hebrides Mesolithic Project 4.15 Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.161 Redware pottery 2.88, 4.177 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.85,ʼ2.86,ʼ2.96, 2.97 ʻsouthern Pictlandʼ souterrains see souterrains Suenoʼs Stone, Forres, Moray 4.134, 4.135 see also Smith Museum and Art Gallery Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.119, 5.120 Soutra, near Edinburgh: medieval hospital 1.60 Westerton, Angus 4.56 Stirling Castle Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.132, 3.133 Sowerbyʼs beaked whale 7.46–7.47, 7.46 staples, iron 6.55–6.56, 6.56 Great Hall and Royal Bedchambers 6.203 Arbroath High Street 5.54, 5.61, 5.62, 5.63 spacer plates 3.28, 4.35, 4.36, 4.37, 4.63 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.118 medieval pottery 2.128, 6.120, 9.91 Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Angus 4.33, 4.34 spear point, Linlithgow 7.12 possible: St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.64 Reduced Greyware pottery 3.129, 5.58 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.65–7.67, 7.66, 7.83 spearheads Star Garage, Montrose: excavations 1.36–1.47, 1.37–1.42 Stirling, Sir John (of Glenesk) 6.138 cemetery of Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.157, Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Angus 4.32, 4.63–4.64 Star Inn Farm, Woodhill, Angus 6.15 stone 3.158 deposition of 7.7, 7.12 Staredam, near Bankfoot, standing stones 4.137 at Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire: industrial waste analysis Constantineʼs Cave: coffins 8.114 Forth Valley 7.5, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9 Statistical Account 8.172 5.125–5.126 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.6, 4.10–4.11, 4.11, iron, Merlsford, Fife 2.120, 2.120 Corbie Knowe round barrows 10.113 at Arbroath High Street 5.55 4.13 Tay area 7.8 Cortachy Parish Church (1793) 9.103 at Dubton Farm, Angus 8.42 Dundee City Churches 6.83 spears, Abbey Craig 7.5 Meigle, Perthshire 1.2, 1.3 at Forgan, Fife 4.94 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.48, 6.56, 6.57 Special Protection Area (SPA), Carpow 10.59 Rescobie parish, Angus 5.36 at Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.19, 9.26 East Neuk, Fife, milestones 6.228, 6.229–6.230 spectacles, copper-alloy 2.52, 2.55, 2.57 Tealing, Angus 4.166 at Newbarns cropmarks, Angus 10.97, 10.101, 10.113 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.98, 3.101, 3.102–3.104, 3.106 Spencer, Brian (Museum of London) 4.150, 4.152 (New) 8.185, 8.196 at Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.43 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.101, 3.102–3.104, Spens, Master John of Maristoun 5.74, 5.75 Aberlemno, Angus 1.7 agate pebbles: deposition 9.70–9.71 3.106 Spigot mortar, Charles Hill gun battery 3.211, 3.212, 3.214, Crail 7.105, 7.106 burnt Kinloss Farm, Cupar 5.80, 5.85 3.215 Cults Hill, Fife 1.83 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.129 Ledmore: possible Early Bronze Age metalworkerʼs mould spindle assembly component, iron 5.117, 5.118 Cupar 2.29 Dunlappie Parish Church 9.100 3.55–3.57 spindle whorls 4.80, 4.84, 4.89, 6.99, 6.100, 7.65, 7.66, 7.67 irrigation in Angus 7.137 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.20 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church, carved stone- lead alloy Tannadice Church (1845) 10.119 castles 3.176 10.123,–10.127,–10.128, 10.129 82 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 83

Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.99, 6.100 Strathmore, Angus St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.52, 1.53, 1.58 Aberlemno 1.8, 5.47 St Andrews (South Street) 6.120, 6.124, 6.125 cropmarks and aerial survey 1.20 transition to stone 7.80 Abernethy 1.7 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.88, 8.89, 8.91 field drainage 10.182 Turin Hill, Angus 5.44, 5.46 Flemington farm 1.8 Turin Hill, Angus 5.44 Pictish (minor) kingdom of 5.47 timber halls, Neolithic 10.115 Pictish 3.115 Wemyss Caves 8.112 rock carving 1.17, 5.10 timber houses (modern period), Dundee 6.35–6.36, 6.36, 6.67 1.7 see also amulet; axes; beads; box; discs; gaming boards; Strathmore valley 4.109 timber mortuary structure, Lochhill, Kirkcudbrightshire 8.16 hammerstone; hones; lamps; loomweights; marker Strathmore, Earl of, and South Leckaway 9.114 timber Neolithic enclosures 8.17 t stones; millstones; moulding; moulds; pivot stone; querns; Strathord, barony of 4.139 timber-built Roman fort, Cardean 8.92 T-bar fitting, Elgin 2.55, 2.56 slates; spindle whorls; sundials; weights; whetstones Strichen Association soils 5.142 timber-framed glasshouses, Kineaross House 8.176 Table Rings Cairn, East Lothian 10.113 stone scatters see lithics strike-a-light 8.7 timber/soil/turf to stone 7.91 Tahiti, salt-water fish ponds 8.186 stone settings, Kineaross House 8.178–8.179, 8.179, 8.180 Stronach, Simon, South Street, Perth: Salvation Army Citadel timber/turf 4.80 Tain, Ross and Cromarty stone structures see structures, stone 9.75–9.87 turf see turf structure collegiate church 6.196 stone surfaces Strowan, Perthshire 6.169–6.183 wattle and daub see wattle/wattle and daub construction tanged flint point 5.5 Abernethy, Perthshire 10.73, 10.75, 10.77, 10.78, 10.79, Struan, Atholl, St Fillanʼs Churchʼ6.171, 6.176–6.177, 6.178 see also Allt Lochan nan Losgunn; Allt na Moine Buidhe; Tallington, Lincs 10.80, 10.81, 10.82 structural fittings, iron 5.118 Anstruther (21 Shore Street); Arbroath; brochs; circular Vase Food Vessels 10.40 cobbled area, Arbroath High Street 5.54–5.55, 5.54, 5.68, structures homesteads; cruck construction; dry-stone; Dundee Yorkshire Vases 3.41 5.69 associated with mining 1.80, 1.81, 1.85 (various locations); Easter Kinnear; Elie (Granary); forts; Tams, Adrian cobbled flooring Byre Theatre, St Andrews, latrine 7.57 glasshouses; Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear; henges/ soil micromorphology, Mains of Edzell enclosure 9.51 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.131 circular, associated with souterrains 8.79 henge monuments; hut circles; Ironshill East; Kingʼs Mills, soil micromorphology, West Mains cropmark enclosure Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.112–5.113 clay-bonded, Arbroath Marketgate/Ladybridge 5.69 Crail; longhouses; Perth (various locations); Pitcarmick- 6.23–6.24 Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house 4.111, 4.124, 4.126 Cragganester, Loch Tay 5.139 type buildings; ring ditches; ring-ditch houses; ring-ditch Tancker Hall, Fife, lime-extraction 1.82–1.83 flagged floor, St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76, 5.81, Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.4, 4.12–4.13, 4.17 structures; ring-groove (structures); roundhouses; St Tanglehaʼ, Kincardineshire, inhumation 2.42–2.44, 2.43 5.86 Culross Palace excavations 4.207–4.230, 4.209, 4.210, 4.218 Andrews (various locations); souterrains; South tankard handle, Ballinbreich Castle 2.113, 2.115, 2.117 stone-walled homesteads, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.162 early Neolithic at Inchture, Perthshire 10.91 Leckaway, Angus (early farmhouse); stone circles; Tannadice, Angus see Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church Lesser cursus 6.16 gable-ended houses: Montrose 1.36 storehouses; summerhouses; tower-houses; wells tannery Stoneyburn Farm, by Crawford, S Lanarkshire 10.49 hall-type 9.122 Stuart, Eland Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.136, 3.141 Stoneykirk, Wigtownshire, bead collection 3.32 and medieval pottery deposition 9.93 Forgan smithy 4.93–4.96 see also hides storehouses peat and heathland materials for 4.85 lithic scatters 8.1 tanning Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.146, 8.162–8.163 post and beam: Elie Granary, Fife 8.195–8.196 Stuart, Dr I, skeletal material 3.22 Arbroath 4.268 Kingsbarn Castle 7.17 post-ring structure see timber circle/ʻpit-circleʼ stud, decorative, Goltho 3.198 medieval Dundee 4.183 see also Elie Harbour (Granary) racecourse stands stud/tack, copper-alloy 6.120, 6.123, 6.124 tanning pit, St Andrews 6.133 Stormont Loch 4.109 Berrymoss, Kelso 5.163 SUAT see Scottish Urban Archaeological Trust Tantallon Castle, East Lothian 3.202 Stotfield, Tentsmuir Forest, Fife 8.140 Uthrogle, Cupar, Fife 5.163–5.169, 5.164, 5.165, 5.166– submarine boom defence, Firth of Forth 3.208, 3.212, 3.213, Taras Farm, Forres, metalworking 7.43 stove tile see tiles 5.168 3.213 Tarbat (Portmahomack), Easter Ross, Redware pottery 4.176 Stracathro, Angus, parish of 9.97 rectangular see rectangular structures Suenoʼs Stone, Forres, Moray 4.134, 4.135 Tarbat, Ross and Cromarty, sculpture at 6.168 Strachan, David, Carpow, Perthshire: late Bronze Age logboat rectilinear see rectilinear structures Sullivan, John, lead seals, Russian, in Fife 6.211–6.227 Tarland, Aberdeenshire, pebble deposition 9.70, 9.71 10.59–10.63 rectilinear timber see rectilinear timber structures summerhouses, Kineaross House 8.169–8.170, 8.173, 8.176, Tarvit, Fife Strachan, R J, Hawkhill cropmark enclosure 9.35, 9.55–9.61 Scotstarvit, Fife: medieval period 4.80, 4.85, 4.88–4.89 8.179 parish of 3.192, 3.193 Strageath (Strogeith), Perthshire 6.169, 6.174, 8.93 stone Sunderland Museum 4.33 vicarage of 5.72 strainer rim, Hurly Hawkin 9.25 Abernethy, Perthshire 10.73 sundials Tarvit to Balmullo water pipeline, Fife 7.27–7.33, 7.28 strap fittings Arbroath High Street 5.55, 5.69 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.58, 7.65–7.67, 7.66, 7.83 Tavelty Farm, Kintore, Aberdeenshire, beaker-associated cist copper-alloy, Ballinbreich Castle, Fife 3.190, 3.197, 3.199 in Highland Perthshire 5.134 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.125 10.34 east Fife metalwork finds 3.197, 3.198, 3.199 Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.115 and kitchen gardens 8.178–8.179 taxation tin/pewter 5.116, 5.117 Kirkton, Fife 4.70 Sweden, timber trade 6.203, 6.205, 8.197, 10.160, 10.161 Arbroath 4.265–4.266 strap hinge, iron 6.53, 6.56 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.52–1.55, 1.55, 1.56, swivel (possible), wooden 7.71 Forfar 4.265, 4.266 Strath Tay see rock carvings 1.58–1.59 swords Tay, River 4.137, 4.140, 4.293, 6.168–6.169, 8.146 Strathallan, Perthshire 7.141 Scotstarvit, Fife, stone setting 4.80, 4.88 belt fittings 3.198 confluence with R Tummel 9.7 water meadows 7.133, 7.137–7.139, 7.138–7.139 South Street, Perth, medieval 9.77–9.78, 9.79, 9.80, Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard, Perthshire 2.60, ferry across 4.240–4.241 see also North Mains, Strathallan 9.81, 9.86 2.64, 2.66, 2.66, 2.69 hut-circle boundary 3.162 Strathbraan, Perthshire see also Byre Theatre, Abbey Street, St Andrews deposition of 7.7, 7.9, 7.10, 7.12 Late Bronze Age metalwork 7.1, 7.6, 7.8, 7.10–7.11, 7.12 archaeological landscapes 3.161–3.175, 3.162–3.163, 3.165 timber from Tay 2.118, 7.8, 7.10 medieval fishing rights 6.61 see also Glen Cochill Abbey Street, St Andrews 7.49, 7.80 Gündlingen type 7.9 and medieval Perth 9.75 Strathburn, Fife 4.68 castles 3.176 Hallstatt C 7.9 Mesolithic sites near 4.14 Strathearn 6.168–6.169, 6.180, 6.182 Craigie Hill, Fife 3.66 Late Bronze Age 2.66–2.67 pearl-fishing 7.8, 7.9 Strathearn, earldom of 4.161, 5.152, 5.159, 5.160, 6.169, Croft Moraig monument 6.4–6.6 in River Tay 2.118 as Pictish boundary 4.138 6.170, 6.171, 6.173, 6.174, 6.175, 6.176, 6.182 Greencairn, Angus 5.46 leaf-shaped Ewart Park type 2.66 prehistoric votive use of 2.118 Dunning seat/caput 10.66 High Street, Perth excavations 4.157 rediscovered from Forth 7.1–7.15, 7.4, 7.7 Roman/Iron Age metalwork 7.9 see also Malise, Earl of Strathearn Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.111, 7.115 Taplow type 7.9 and South Inch, Perth 8.145 Strathearn Archaeological Society 3.47 in medieval towns 7.81 ʻWilburtonʼ type 7.5 Tay estuary Strathmartine, Angus, sculpture 1.7, 4.134 prehistoric 8.47, 8.70, 8.71, 8.72 symbol stones Bronze Age logboat, Carpow 10.59–10.63 84 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 85

wetland environment 10.92 Thoms, Jennifer see also building materials; dendrochronology; structures; tower-houses Taylor, David B Dubton Farm, Angus: bone 8.49 wood Castle of Wardhouse, Aberdeenshire 3.182 appreciation 9.1 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews: animal bones 5.102–5.103 timber buildings see structures and moated sites 3.183, 3.184 prehistoric burials from Angus 4.31–4.49, 4.60, 4.61 Thomson, Rev John (minister of Balmerino) 3.190 timber circle/ʻpit-circleʼ, Carsie Mains 10.1–10.2, 10.8, 10.9, Woodrae (Woodwray), Angus 1.8, 1.8, 1.9n4 Taylor, Marcia, Food Vessel residue: Kirkton, Fife 4.76–4.77 Thomson, W A (farmer) 4.40 10.14, 10.15–10.16, 10.17, 10.19–10.20, 10.22 Tower of Lethendy, Perthshire, Pictish sculpture 4.137, 4.138 Taylor, Simon Throsk, Stirlingshire timber structures see rectilinear timber structures; roundhouses; Townhill Colliery, Dunfermline 3.205 medieval marches of Wester Kinnear, Fife 4.232–4.247 post-medieval pottery centre 5.97, 5.98 structures tracery designs, medieval wooden panels (Perth Museum) Pittensorn Farm, Perthshire: sculpture 4.129–4.144 pottery kiln 4.170, 4.224, 7.97, 8.155 timber trade see trade 6.189–6.192, 6.190–6.192, 6.195–6.196, 6.197 Taymouth 8.172 tide mills 8.183 timber-frame roof see Brechin (Nos 68–74 High St) trackways Tayport, Fife 3.68, 3.69 tiles timbers Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.110 ice house 10.175 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.134–3.135, 3.136 beams with apotropaic markings 9.124, 9.125, 9.126, 9.128 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.91, 5.93, 5.96 Tayside Building Preservation Trust (TBPT) 10.153, 10.164 Dundee, Overgate 9.89 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.15, 9.18, 9.31 trade Tealing, Angus 7.135, 8.97 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.91 ramparts, timber-laced: Fettercairn, Kincardineshire 9.61 Anstruther 3.119, 3.121 medieval sculpture 4.166–4.169, 4.167 ceramic 8.134 in souterrains 9.30 Arbroath 4.267–4.268, 4.271 Roman finds 9.25 in drainage 10.179, 10.180, 10.181, 10.182 South Leckaway 18th-century farmhouse 9.115, 9.117, evidence at Marketgate/Ladybridge 1.34 souterrain 8.108, 9.65 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.134 9.119, 9.120, 9.122 privileges 4.264, 4.268 Tealing Church sacrament house, Angus 9.104, 9.105, 9.106, mug tiles 10.181, 10.183 see also dendrochronology; logboat; oak timbers with Baltic 2.23, 2.43, 4.268 9.109, 9.110 see also other ceramic tiles below ʻTime Teamʼ (Channel 4) 10.23–10.24, 10.30, 10.46, 10.49 Dundee 4.180–4.181, 4.199 Teasses, Fife, coal mine 2.28, 2.28 floor tin alloy buckles 3.195 in Fife 4.86 Teith, River, metalwork 7.5, 7.8 Arbroath High Street 5.63 tin strip, Kinnoull Aisle 4.291–4.292 Kingʼs Lynn 5.160 Temple Church, London 4.157 ceramic tin/pewter strap end fitting 5.116, 5.117 in mirrors 4.159 animal footrest 2.99 Dundee City Churches (medieval cemetery) 6.83 tine see antler Montrose 1.36, 1.40 Templehall, Meigle, malt-kiln 1.4 St Andrews (South Street) 6.120, 6.124, 6.125 tinning process, Upper Gothens buckle 7.40–7.41, 7.41, 7.43 with Netherlands 6.58 Templeton, Angus: cropmark site 9.31 Culross Palace, Fife 4.226 Tintagel, , stone gaming board 4.145 and pantiles from Low Countries 3.135 Tentsmuir, Fife 7.29 Dundee, Overgate 9.92–9.93 Tippermallo, Perthshire, Beaker 3.45 Perth 5.151, 5.160 Mesolithic activity 4.95 (glazed) St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.66 Tipping, Richard et al., Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age medieval 9.75, 9.86 possible pottery kiln site 4.84 Kinnoull Aisle, Perth 4.293 hoard, Perthshire 2.60–2.69 Russian see lead seals pottery 2.88, 5.97, 8.41 St Fillanʼs Church, Forgan 3.64, 3.191 Tir Artair, Loch Tay 9.8 St Andrews, medieval 7.80 Tentsmuir Forest, Fife 8.138, 8.139–8.144 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.84 Tiree 4.117 in salmon 10.167 ʻmoundsʼ 8.139–8.141, 8.140, 8.142 floor/hearth, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.102 Tironensian monks with Scandinavia 4.202, 4.268, 8.197, 10.160, 10.161, Terry, John, Holly Road, Leven, Fife: early Bronze Age cemetery pantiles of Arbroath Abbey 4.262, 4.266 10.165 10.23–10.53 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.135 of Lindores, Fife 3.188 Scotland / Low Countries 2.102, 3.135 Teviot, River, Bronze Age metalwork 7.10 Culross Palace, Fife 4.216, 4.226 titula: Roman temporary camp, Longforgan, Dundee 4.99, 4.103 in timber 6.194, 6.195, 6.201, 6.203, 6.204, 6.205–6.206, textiles Cupar, Fife 2.39 toggle fastener, Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.28 8.191, 8.193, 8.194, 8.196–8.197, 8.198, 10.160, 10.161, Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.125 roof toggles/buzzbones 1.64, 1.65, 1.66, 7.64, 7.65 10.164 Arbroath trade in 4.268 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.102 toilet equipment see tweezers in wine 4.188 cloth fulling 7.115 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.135 toilet sets 2.99 in wool/woolfells 1.36, 3.157, 3.159, 4.268, 5.151, 6.60 and coffined burials 4.291, 4.292 ceramic 8.134 tokens trades in coffins, White Church, Comrie 7.125 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.61, 7.63, 7.65, 7.66, 19th-century brass gambling 9.81 early medieval Dunbar 4.271 Dalgety Bay, Fife short-cist 3.14, 3.15 7.67–7.69, 7.69 Irish, copper halfpenny trade token 7.99, 7.101 in old Arbroath 4.268 dyeing 4.217, 5.131, 5.135 Dundee (Murraygate) 6.43, 6.45, 6.53, 6.56, 6.57, Tolbooth, Crail 7.106 Traigh Bhan, Islay, Food Vessel 3.39, 3.40 in graves 10.129 6.67 Tolbooth Wynd, Anstruther Easter, Fife see Anstruther Easter Transactions of the Highland Society (Whyte) 8.183 manufacturing 5.118 Dundee, Overgate 9.92–9.93, 9.92, 9.95 Toldrie Loch, Crail 7.113, 7.114, 7.115 transom fragment, White Church, Comrie 7.126 see also flax; linen; shrouds; wool St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75 Tom aʼChaisteil, Perthshire (possible hillfort) 6.172, 6.176, Traprain Law, East Lothian Thames, River Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.79, 9.81, 9.84 6.182, 6.183 brooches 2.121, 2.122, 2.123 dredging 7.10 stone roof Tom an Tigh Mhor (ʼKnoll of the Great Houseʼ) 6.176–6.177 fort 2.116 human skulls 7.8 Brechin, Angus, Nos 68–74 High Street 10.162 Tom-na-Croice (Balnaguard), Food Vessel 3.40 horse equipment 8.93 thatch 6.57, 10.162 Melgund Castle 10.144 Tombane Burn, Strathbraan, Perthshire 3.166 prehistoric pottery 8.94 ice houses 10.175 stove, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.93, 5.98, 5.99 Tomnagrew, retting pond 3.164 spearheads 2.120 medieval St Andrews 3.148 terracotta, Culross Palace, Fife 4.215 Toolis, Ronan, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.87–5.105 trauma, evidence of 4.52, 4.73, 6.79, 6.81 thimble, copper-alloy, Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.159 tile-making industry 10.181 Top Rank Mecca Ltd 4.179, 4.182 Church of the Holy Trinity, St Andrews 3.155 Thirlage Act 7.115 see also brick and tile industry topography Dalgety Bay, Fife 3.11, 3.13 Thistlebridge, , Perthshire, socketed axe 7.8 Tillicoultry, Clacks Arbroath 4.260–4.262, 4.286–4.288, 4.287 Westhaugh of Tulliemet cists 3.37 Thomas á Becket, Saint socketed axeheads 7.5 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.76 Treasure Trove 2.113 abbey church at Arbroath 1.28, 4.266, 4.269 see also Cuninghar, The Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.35 bronze dagger at Dalgety Bay, Fife 3.14–3.15 pilgrim badges 4.159 timber Torphichen, West Lothian: Hospitallers 1.4 medieval metalwork finds from East Fife 3.188 Thomas, C, leather objects: St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.66 burnt, Dubton Farm, Angus 8.29, 8.34, 8.49, 8.50, 8.51, Torryburn, Fife 2.3, 2.4 Pittensorn Farm, Perthshire: sculpture 4.129 Thome, John, rector of Dunlappie 9.97 8.60, 8.68, 8.76 clay source 2.88 socketed gouge: Kinnoull, Perth 3.59 Thompson, John, map 3.68, 4.20, 9.97 Dunino Church, Fife 8.135 Torryburn churchyard, Fife 7.131 tree root erosion Thompson, Robert: on kitchen gardens 8.175, 8.176 for Perth citadel 8.145 Tower Burn, Dunfermline 2.73 Dunlappie Parish Church 9.98, 9.100 86 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 87

Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.35, 9.36, 9.39, 9.64 Tyne–Solway Roman frontier 2.120, 2.122, 2.123 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.121–5.122, 5.123 Wallingford, Oxfordshire 7.8 tree-holes, Duncrub, Perthshire 8.2 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.132, 3.134 Waltham Abbey seal 5.148 tree-ring dating u Arbroath High Street 5.62, 5.64 Walton Hill, Fife 7.32 British Bronze Age 2.67 Ukraine 6.194 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perthʼ8.159, 8.160, 8.161, 8.165 War Memorials 7.132 Elie Granary timbers 8.192, 8.193, 8.196, 8.197 Ulster Museum, Belfast 3.59, 6.211 Culross Palace, Fife 4.224–4.225, 4.225 Wardend of Durris, Aberdeenshire 8.70, 9.28, 9.30, 9.49 tree-throw pits, Carsie Mains 10.2–10.3, 10.15, 10.19, Ulva Cave, plant remains 4.117 Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.134 Iron Age plant remains 4.117 10.20, 10.22 Union of the Crowns (1707) 7.98 Melgund Castle 10.149 Wardlaw, Bishop 3.144 Trench-Jellicoe, Ross, Crieff Burgh Cross 6.166–6.168 Unst, Shetland 4.86 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.75 Wards Farm, Tentsmuir Forest, Fife 8.139, 8.140 Trent, River 7.8 Upper Boyndlie, Aberdeenshire, Beaker pottery 10.108 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.58, 1.66 Warner, Charles Dudley 8.173 Trinity Gask, Perthshire 6.169, 6.173, 6.174 Upper Gothens, Perthshire Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.87, 8.98 Warren, Graeme Trinity Hall, Aberdeen, Deacon Convenorʼs chair 6.196 early medieval enclosure 7.34–7.44, 7.35–7.37, 7.39 vessels chipped stone Tristram and Iseult mirror-case, Perth 4.150–4.165, 4.151, lithic scatter 8.1, 8.2–8.5, 8.3, 8.4, 8.8, 8.9 clay, Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.113 Hawkhill cropmark enclosure 9.60 5.160 Upper Kenly Farm, Fife, short-cist burial 3.1–3.5, 3.2, 3.3, 3.17, earthenware, Cupar, Fife 2.36, 2.39 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.44 Tron Church, Edinburgh, post-medieval pottery 5.97 3.19, 3.21 forms, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 1.60 Dubton Farm, Angus: chipped stone 8.42–8.49 Trondheim Cathedral, Norway 5.158 Upper Largie, Argyll 4.63, 4.77, 6.15 handled, Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard 2.60, 2.62– ʻwarriorʼ burial, Merlsford, Fife 2.120–2.121, 2.120, 2.122 Trowan, Strowan, Perthshire 6.172, 6.175–6.176, 6.182 urns 3.4 2.64, 2.63, 2.64, 2.65–2.66, 2.69 Wars of Independence 3.193, 4.181, 4.265, 5.50, 7.80, 7.113, Trowan Hill, Perthshire 6.169, 6.176 Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie, Angus 4.32 horn 2.66, 3.182 9.86 Tuathal, abbot of Dunkeld 4.138, 4.140, 4.142 Brackmont Mill, Leuchars, Fife 4.74 iron, tripod pot 5.117, 5.118–5.119 see also World Wars Tulliallan, Fife 3.188 bucket-shaped cinerary, Noranbank, Tannadice 4.38, 4.38, wooden 2.66 Warsop, Clive L M, insect remains, Byre Theatre, St Andrews Old Parish Church 7.130 4.39, 4.61 see also aquamanile; Beakers; bottles; bowls; cauldrons; 7.75–7.76 Tulliallan Castle, ice house 10.169 collared chamber pots; cooking pots; flower-pots; Food Vessels; Wasbister, Orkney, dagger-hilt 3.15 , Perthshire 6.195 Carse Farm 1 3.24, 3.48, 3.49, 3.51–3.52, 3.51 jugs; pipkins; pottery forms; urns; vessel glass Watch House, Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.115 Tullichettle, Comrie, Perthshire 6.170 Early Bronze Age, Inchtuthil 10.55 Vicarsford, Fife 3.64, 3.68 watch key, copper-alloy 8.159, 8.160 church at 6.174 Urquhart, Moray, Neolithic pottery 8.41 Victoria and Albert Museum, London 3.194, 4.157, 6.197 watching briefs medieval parish of 6.169 , Loch Ness 7.72 Victorian coins see coins Abernethy site 10.73, 10.80 pit-defined cursus 6.15 Urquhart colliery, Dunfermline, Fife 3.206 Victorian period, medicine bottles 5.122 agricultural drainage 10.179–10.184 Tullilum, Perth, Carmelite friary 6.197 Usan, Tayside, salt pans 2.25 Videotext Communications Ltd 10.23 Cromwellʼs citadel, South Inch, Perth 8.145, 8.153, 8.165 Tulloch of Assery B, Caithness, prehistoric pottery 8.41 Uthrogle, Cupar, Fife, early 19th-century racecourse stand Vikings Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.125–8.137 Tullypowrie, Perthshire, cup-marks 3.55 5.163–5.169, 5.164, 5.165, 5.166–5.168 attack on Dunkeld 4.138, 4.141, 4.142 Edzell Old Church, Angus 6.150 Tummel, River, confluence with Tay 9.7 Utrecht, pottery kilns 5.98 game of merelles 4.148 Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church excavation 10.119, tumuli glass beads 5.121 10.123, 10.125 Comrie, Perthshire 7.119 v vine-scroll, Crieff Burgh Cross 6.155, 6.157–6.158, 6.161, Wemyss Caves 8.119–8.120 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno, Angus 4.49 Valleyfield, Fife 2.1, 2.2–2.5 6.162, 6.163–6.166, 6.163 Water of Leith, metalwork 7.10 turf salt pans 2.24 Vinograndi, near Rostov 4.154 Water of Leven 7.95 and Cromwellʼs citadel, Perthʼ8.151 salt-water fish pond 8.182, 8.183, 8.184, 8.185, 8.187 vitrified forts 10.71 water meadows 7.133, 7.134, 8.183 as fuel, Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110 Pond Cottage 8.182, 8.184, 8.185, 8.186 An Dun, Gairloch 5.125 in Perthshire 7.133–7.144 for roofing 8.68 Valleyfield House, Fife 8.184 Caste Craig, Stirlingshire 10.71 water pipelines turf burning, Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.45, 9.49 Vanburgh, Sir John 8.172 vitrified fuel ash, Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house, Angus 4.120 Fife 4.67–4.98 turf structure Vanoraʼs Grave tradition at Meigle 1.1, 1.2–1.3, 1.5, 1.8, 4.161 vitrified material, Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.92 Lintrathen to Clatto 10.179 Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.110, 5.113, 5.116, 5.134 Varro, on salt-water fish ponds 8.186 vitrified rocks, Dun Knock hillfort 10.65–10.72, 10.67–10.69, water pipes Cragganester, Loch Tay: enclosure dyke 5.139–5.140, 5.142, Vayne Castle, Forfar 10.136 10.71 Kineaross House 8.178 5.143 Veere, Netherlands, Forth salt exports 2.23 vitrified stone 5.125–5.126, 5.135 Perth 8.155, 8.165, 8.167 Highland Perthshire 5.134 vegetables see plant cultivation; plant remains Vleehuis Museum, Antwerp 6.197 water pump 8.178, 8.179 masoneary-faced 5.134 vegetation votive offerings see funerary/votive offerings water supply Scotstarvit, Fife 4.80 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.130 and Almond river 7.141, 7.142 Turin Hill, Angus 5.43 Angus field study area 5.34 w Crail 7.110, 7.113, 7.115 Turin Hill, Angus Belliston Farm, Fife: short-cist 3.8–3.9, 3.19 Waddell and Young, Dunino Church, Fife 8.127, 8.135 and glasshouses 8.178 cup/cup-and-ring marks 1.12, 1.16 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.77, 7.81 Wade Military Road see Military Road (Wade) Perth 8.149, 8.165 forts 1.8, 5.36, 5.40 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.115 waggonways, in coal mining 3.205 water-powered mills 3.100 bivallate 5.40, 5.41–5.42, 5.41, 5.44, 5.46 Dalgety Bay, Fife: short-cists 3.17–3.18, 3.19, 3.21 Wainwright, Dr F T Kinnear estate, Fife 3.112 oblong 5.40, 5.41, 5.42–5.43, 5.44, 5.46, 5.47 Kirkton Bronze Age cemetery, Fife 4.76, 4.78 prehistoric burials from Angus 4.31, 4.33, 4.60, 4.61, 4.61, possible, St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.96 Neolithic carved stone 5.7, 5.8, 5.8, 5.9 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.84–4.88 9.1 water sources survey work 5.36–5.49, 5.37–5.40, 5.41, 5.42 short-cist burials 3.20 souterrains: Southern Pictland tradition 9.65 medieval pottery kilns 2.126, 2.127 Tusculum, East Lothian 7.29 Turin Hill, Angus 5.36, 5.40 Walker, Charles 4.45 moated sites 3.179–3.180 Tuvalu, Pacific 8.122 Upper Kenly Farm, Fife: short-cist 3.4–3.5 Wallace, Colin: Shanzie Farm, Perthshire: Roman pottery 8.90, salt panning industry 2.25 Tweed Valley, microlith finds 4.15, 4.17 and water meadows 7.134, 7.136 8.94 see also wells Tweeddale, Marquis of 10.181 see also cereal/cereals; plant remains; pollen analysis; Wallace Monument, Stirlingshire 7.5 Waterford, Ireland, bows 7.70 tweezers woodland Wallacetown, Perthshire waterfowling, Perthshire Neolithic sites 8.8, 8.9 copper-alloy 8.84, 8.90, 8.91, 8.93–8.94 vessel glass 2.123, 3.182, 6.118, 6.123, 6.124, 6.125 moated site 3.178, 3.186 Watkins, Professor Trevor Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.76,ʼ2.93,ʼ2.95 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.100–2.101 probable souterrain 10.73 Craigie Hill excavations 3.61 88 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 89

Easter Kinnear excavations 3.74, 3.115 West Fife saltworks 2.24 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.85, 4.88 Newbarns, Angus 10.109 Watson, Angus, Crieff Burgh Cross 6.169–6.174 West Gotland, Sweden 6.203 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.95, 8.98 willow remains Watson, John, of Cupar 2.27 West Grange of Conon, Angus 8.98 see also emmer wheat Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house, Angus 4.121 Watson, Martin, of Cupar 2.27 cists 9.65, 9.67, 9.72 wheel/wheel pit, Kingʼs Mills, Crail 7.111, 7.112 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.108, 3.109, 3.110, 3.111 Watson, W Graham 4.49 Roman finds 9.25 whetstones Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110 Watt, Alexander 10.163 souterrain 9.65–9.73, 9.66, 9.67, 9.68 (hone) 6.120, 6.124, 6.125 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.85, 4.86 wattle and daub construction 6.40, 6.67, 7.55, 7.81, 10.88 corbelled Allt na Moine Buidhe, Perthshire 5.112 Willsher, Betty 7.130 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.83, 3.85, 3.87–3.89, 3.109, 3.110, ʻbeehiveʼ chamber (Jervise ʻchamber Aʼ) 9.69 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.102, 3.106 graveyard records 4.249, 4.254 3.111, 3.113, 4.89 entrance passage (Jervise ʻpassage Fʼ) 9.69 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.38 Wilson, Ben, ʻPictish beastʼ: inscribed stonework 7.45–7.47 medieval Arbroath buildings 4.268 main passage (Jervise ʻpassage Eʼ) 9.67–9.69 Whinstone Quarry (Craigie Hill) 3.68 Wilson, James (Cupar solicitor) 2.27, 2.28, 2.29, 2.39 medieval St Andrews 3.148 paving 9.69–9.70, 9.73 Whitby jet 3.28–3.29, 3.30, 10.34 Wilthew, Paul, Almondbank, Perthshire: finds 3.22, 3.30–3.31 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.88 possible structural evidence 9.71, 9.73 Bell Hillock, East Kinwhirrie: jewellery 4.34, 4.35, 4.63, 4.66 Winchester College, painted ceiling 6.194, 6.195 wattle-lined ditch, High Street, Perth 4.157 slots 9.70, 9.71, 9.73 White Cairn, Glen Cochill, Perthshire 3.24, 3.44–3.47, 3.45– windmills wattle structures 10.114 West Lethans, Fife 3.47, 3.161, 3.165 St Monans, Fife 3.194 Perth, High Street 6.89, 6.90, 6.91–6.92, 6.93, 6.106 coal mining 1.80–1.81 White Caterthun, Angus 3.57, 9.36, 9.61 use in coal mining 3.205 wattle-lined ditch, Perth High Street 6.87 Weighing Machine House 1.80, 1.81 excavations 5.33, 5.35 window cames wattlework West Lingo, Fife, moated site 3.178, 3.179, 3.180, 3.186 fort 1.11, 5.46–5.47 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.79, 2.80, 2.94, 2.101 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.28, 8.50, 8.71 West Mains, Lunan Bay, Angus, cropmark enclosure 6.18, White, Matthew (mason) 7.24 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.76, 5.82, 5.83 Fletcherfield souterrain 8.106 6.19–6.25, 6.20–6.23 White Church, Comrie, excavation 7.118, 7.119–7.128, 7.120, window glass 6.57, 6.83, 6.123 weapons West Mains of Ethie, Angus 8.94, 9.25 7.122 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.76, 2.94, 2.100, 2.101, 2.109 deposition in watery places 7.7, 7.8, 7.10 West Scryne, Panbride, Angus 4.32, 4.49, 4.57–4.60, 4.58, Whithorn, Wigtownshire 8.93, 9.108 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.130 Hotchkiss machine guns 3.211, 3.214 4.59, 4.62, 4.63, 4.65 cashel 1.24, 1.25 Arbroath High Street 5.64 twin QF 6-pr guns 3.210, 3.212, 3.214, 3.215 West Third, cropmarks 3.113 cult of St Ninian 6.180 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.66, 7.67, 7.80 unearotated projectors (UP) 3.212, 3.213, 3.215 West Water, Edzell 9.35, 9.97, 9.98, 9.100 human skeletal remains 3.146, 3.154, 3.155 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.159 see also axes; Charles Hill gun battery; daggers; rapiers; West Water Reservoir, near West Linton, Scottish Borders 10.48– stone gaming board 4.145 Culross Palace, Fife 4.226 spearheads; spears; Spigot mortar; swords 10.49, 10.50 Whittington, Professor Graeme, St Andrews University 3.8, Dunino churchyard, Fife 8.134 weed seeds West Wemyss, Fife, salt pans 2.23 3.18, 3.21 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.193 Abernethy School 10.79 Wester Friarton, Fife 3.65 whorls Oathlaw and Tannadice Parish Church 10.130 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.56, 7.77, 7.78, 7.79 cropmarks 3.113 jet, Wemyss Caves 8.114, 8.121 post-medieval, Melgund Castle 10.149 carbonised 6.111, 6.131 Wester Kinnear, Kilmany, Fife 3.76, 3.112 stone, Wemyss Caves 8.112 St Christopherʼs Church, Cupar 5.77, 5.82, 5.84 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.95, 8.98 medieval marches 4.232–4.247,Ä4.236, 4.237, 4.239 Wickham-Jones, Caroline R St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.93 Cromwell citadel, Perth 8.162 Westerton, Angus lithic scatters, Perthshire 8.1–8.9 window lead, possible 6.123 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.24, 8.53, 8.60, 8.61, 8.68 cup-marks 1.15 Mesolithic site: Craighead Golf Course, Fife Ness 4.1–4.19 window tracery designs, medieval 6.195 Upper Gothens, Perthshire 7.43 standing stone 4.56 Muirhall Farm short-cist 3.43 wine bottles Weensland, Roxburghshire 7.10 Westfield, Fife, open-cast mining 1.76 wig curler, ceramic, Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.84 Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.100–2.101 Weighing Machine House, West Lethans, Fife 1.80, 1.81 Westhall, Angus, souterrain 9.65 wild cherry wood remains 8.50, 8.51 Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.132, 3.134 weights Westhaugh of Tulliemet wild plant remains 10.113 Cromwellʼs citadel, Perth 8.161 lead alloy 7.63, 7.64 cists 3.23, 3.34–3.41, 3.34–3.36 Newbarns, Angus 10.109, 10.111, 10.112 Culross Palace, Fife 4.224–4.225, 4.225, 4.226 stone, Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.127, 3.132, 3.133, 3.141 Food Vessels 10.40 wildfowl, Carse and Tay estuary 10.92 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.192 Well Caves, East Wemyss 8.112, 8.114, 8.115, 8.116, 8.120, Wetwang Slack, Humberside, Vase Food Vessels 10.40 Will, Robert S Melgund Castle, possible 10.149 8.121, 8.122 whale bone, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermline 2.78, 2.103, 2.104 medieval pottery: Scotstarvit, Fife 4.83–4.84 wine cellar, Culross Palace, Fife 4.216 Wellbrae, Lanarkshire, Neolithic pottery 8.41, 8.70 whales, in Pictish art 7.45–7.47, 7.46 medieval/post-medieval pottery: Forgan smithy, Fife 4.95 wine trade, French 4.188 wells Wharram Percy, North Yorkshire 4.291 Willanyards Farm, Angus 5.1 wire rings, copper-alloy 2.55, 2.57–2.58 brick-built: Montrose 1.42 stone gaming board 4.145, 4.148 William I, King of England 2.72 wireworms 7.88 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.53, 7.56 wheat 6.63, 6.66, 6.67, 6.111, 6.131 William I (William the Lion), King 3.112, 3.190, 3.193, 4.160, Wise, Dr T 5.26 Crail 7.106, 7.107 Abernethy School 10.79 4.179, 5.148, 6.33, 6.138, 7.17, 7.93, 7.94, 9.75 Wishart, Bishop William 5.148, 6.125 Culross Palace, Fife 4.215, 4.216, 4.220–4.221 Arbroath High Street 5.56, 5.66 and Arbroath 1.28, 4.262, 4.264, 4.266, 4.268, 5.50 witchcraft 4.296 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.179, 4.182– Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.55, 7.56, 7.77, 7.79, 7.81 effigy of 2.99 in Forfar 9.114 4.183, 4.184–4.185 charred, Cromwell citadel, Perth 8.162, 8.163 monks of May 3.119 persecution of 9.125–9.126 holy wells and early Christianity 6.174, 6.175 as crop 7.135 St Nicholas Hospital, St Andrews 5.87 and ʻspiritual middensʼ 9.125, 9.127, 9.128 stone-built: S of Ferniehall Cottage, Fife 7.27 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.53, 8.60, 8.61 William Fraser, bishop of St Andrews see Fraser, William Witham, River 7.8 stone-lined: Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.123, 3.124, 3.124, 3.141 Easter Kinnear, Fife and area 3.114 William Malvoisine, bishop of St Andrews see Malvoisine wolfhound/deerhound, Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.87 Wells, Dr L H, human bone analysis 4.41, 4.42, 4.43, 4.45 Greenʼs Playhouse, Nethergate, Dundee 4.182, 4.185, 4.198 Williams, Hugh ʻGrecianʼ 10.142 wood Welton, Angus 1.13, 1.15, 5.10 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110 Williamsburg, Virginia 8.180 as fuel for pottery kilns 4.172 Wemyss, Fife Inchture 10.89 Williamson, James, pipemaker, Dunfermline 4.226 barrel, Culross Palace, Fife 4.217, 4.218, 4.229 caves 8.110, 8.111–8.124 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28 Willoughby de Eresby, Lord 7.136 burnt, Fletcherfield souterrain 8.106, 8.107 threats to 8.121 Kingsbarns, Fife 7.17, 7.20, 7.23 willow charcoal carbonised glassworks 4.226 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.48, 9.49 Carsie Mains structures 10.14, 10.15 Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.130 prehistoric caves 2.119 for milling 7.116 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.50, 8.51, 8.68 Almondbank short-cist cemetery 3.27, 3.33 see also East Wemyss; Macduffʼs Castle; West Wemyss Newbarns, Angus 10.109 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.89, 3.108 Wemyss Coal Company 8.112, 8.114 Salvation Army Citadel, Perth 9.85 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.85, 4.86 90 Index to Volumes 1–10 Index to Volums 1–10 91

combustion and vitrified forts 10.71, 10.72 wooden structures see structures (timber) ice houses 10.167 dendrochronology of oak timbers (St Andrews) 6.201–6.210 Woodhill, Angus Second gaming boards 4.145 cup-markings 1.11 Charles Hill gun battery, Fife 3.207, 3.208–3.215 in drainage 10.179, 10.180, 10.181, 10.182, 10.183 pit-defined cursus 6.14, 6.15 and field drainage 10.181 post-medieval graveyard excavations 4.291, 4.292 Woodhill House, Monifieth, Angus, Neolithic carved stone 5.7– ice houses as air raid shelters 10.175 trade in 4.268 5.8, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10 Wormit, Fife, cropmarks 4.68, 4.69, 4.96 vessels 2.66, 3.182 woodland Wright, Rev Thomas 7.133 waggonways in coal mining 3.205 afforestation Abbotʼs House, Dunfermlineʼ2.78 Neolithic 6.3 x Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.132 post-World War II 3.161, 3.174 X-radiography Anstruther Easter, Fife 3.123, 3.128, 3.128, 3.135–3.136, and old coal pits in Fife 1.78 iron objects, Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.63 3.136 clearance Upper Gothens buckle 7.40–7.41, 7.40 Corrymuckloch Late Bronze Age hoard 2.62, 2.65 Angus field study area 5.34 Craighead Golf Course Mesolithic site 4.4, 4.5 and moated sites 3.183 y Culhawk Hill ring-ditch house, Angus 4.121 conifer trees, use in construction 8.191 Yeavering, Northumberland 9.71 Dalgety Bay short-cist, Fife 3.17, 3.18 forestry and carved stones 9.12 timber structures 10.115 Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.88, 3.89, 3.108, 3.109–3.110, 3.111 pine 8.197 yeoman farmers, and moated sites 3.183 Hawkhill, near Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.110, 3.111 tree root damage, Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.109, 4.113, 4.114, Yetlington Lane, Northumberland, carved stone 5.10 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno 4.54 4.116 YMCA building, Arbroath 5.50, 5.55, 5.57–5.58, 5.69 Newbarns, Angus 10.101–10.102 tree-ring dating: British Bronze Age 2.67 York Perth excavations, medieval 4.155–4.156, 4.157 Carsie Mains Neolithic structures 10.15, 10.19, 10.20 excavations in 5.121 St Nicholas Farm, St Andrews 5.90, 5.95, 5.103–5.104 Central Scotland Woodland project 1.85 St Helen-on-the-Walls cemetery 3.154 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.84 Culhawk Hill, Angus 4.106, 4.107, 4.116 St Maryʼs Abbey 5.148 White Church, Comrie: coffined burials 7.121–7.122, 7.127 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.49, 8.51, 8.68 York Building Company 6.138 see also alder; birch; building materials; coffins; elm; hazel; Dunlappie Parish Church, Edzell 9.98 Yorkshire oak; pits; rowan; structures (timber); timber/timbers; Easter Kinnear, Fife 3.111, 3.113 Arbroath trade with 1.34 wattle/wattle and daub construction; willow; wood Fife Ness hinterland 4.12 Montrose trade with 1.40 charcoal Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.28 Young, Dr A 3.22, 5.133 Wood, John: maps Loch Tay, mixed plantations 5.144, 9.7 Ypres Cathedral, sculpture 9.107 of Arbroath 4.265, 4.270, 4.271, 4.284, 5.69 Mains of Edzell, Angus 9.35, 9.38, 9.40, 9.52, 9.53 of Cupar 2.30, 2.37 beech 9.35 z of Dundee 6.77 Mains of Melgund, Aberlemno 4.54, 4.64 zinc, Roman Iron Age finds 2.113 of Montrose 5.163, 6.30 Maryton Law, Angus 4.21, 4.26, 4.29 of Perth 5.163 Newbarns, Angus 10.109 of St Andrews 7.49 North Straiton farm, Fife: pit alignment 2.50 Wood, Rev Walter, on East Neuk of Fife 7.129 Scotstarvit, Fife 4.86 wood charcoal 8.5 woodland indicators, Kingsbarns, Fife 7.23 Abernethy School 10.79 Woodrae (Woodwray) tower house, Angus, cross-slab 1.8, 1.8, Carsie Mains 10.4, 10.8, 10.9–10.17 1.9n4 Castle Menzies Neolithic enclosure 8.16, 8.18 Woodson, Mr 7.1 Dubton Farm, Angus 8.28, 8.34, 8.49, 8.50, 8.51, 8.68, 8.71 woodworking, Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.98 Inchture 10.87 woodworm 7.57, 7.76 Ironshill East palisaded enclosure 9.21, 9.28–9.29 wool 5.131, 6.60 Mains of Edzell cropmark enclosure 9.38, 9.39, 9.40–9.41, dyeing, Allt Lochan nan Losgunn, Perthshire 5.131, 5.135 9.48 economic importance 2.104, 3.138, 4.194, 4.196 Newbarns, Angus 10.109, 10.113 Leslie, Fife: coffin burial 4.292, 4.296, 4.297 Shanzie Farm, Perthshire 8.84, 8.86, 8.95, 8.98 production, Scotstarvit, Fife 4.84 see also alder charcoal; birch charcoal; hazel charcoal; oak spinning 5.119 charcoal; roundwood charcoal; willow charcoal trade 1.36, 3.157, 3.159, 4.268, 5.151 Wood of Coldrain, Kineaross-shire, moated site 3.178, 3.180, wool industry 7.72, 7.73 3.181, 3.186 woolfells 5.151, 6.60 Wood Hall, West Yorkshire 3.182 industry 7.72 wooden objects medieval Arbroath trade 4.268 Byre Theatre, St Andrews 7.70–7.71, 7.70, 7.82 medieval importance of 4.194, 4.196 Perth High Street (Abbey National Building) 6.93, 6.99– Woolwich, Royal Arsenal 3.214 6.100, 6.99 Wordsworth, Jonathan, Kirkhill, St Andrews excavation 1.23 St Andrews (South Street) 6.125 World Wars wood panels, medieval, Perth Museum and Art Gallery First 6.189–6.199, 6.190–6.193 Charles Hill gun battery, Fife 3.208, 3.213 wood-cut illustrations, axe-heads 5.3 Firth of Forth defence 3.207, 3.212 see also bow