Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Ohio History Lesson 1
http://www.touring-ohio.com/ohio-history.html http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/category.php?c=PH http://www.oplin.org/famousohioans/indians/links.html Benchmark • Describe the cultural patterns that are visible in North America today as a result of exploration, colonization & conflict Grade Level Indicator • Describe, the earliest settlements in Ohio including those of prehistoric peoples The students will be able to recognize and describe characteristics of the earliest settlers Assessment Lesson 2 Choose 2 of the 6 prehistoric groups (Paleo-indians, Archaic, Adena, Hopewell, Fort Ancients, Whittlesey). Give two examples of how these groups were similar and two examples of how these groups were different. Provide evidence from the text to support your answer. Bering Strait Stone Age Shawnee Paleo-Indian People Catfish •Pre-Clovis Culture Cave Art •Clovis Culture •Plano Culture Paleo-Indian People • First to come to North America • “Paleo” means “Ancient” • Paleo-Indians • Hunted huge wild animals for food • Gathered seeds, nuts and roots. • Used bone needles to sew animal hides • Used flint to make tools and weapons • Left after the Ice Age-disappeared from Ohio Archaic People Archaic People • Early/Middle Archaic Period • Late Archaic Period • Glacial Kame/Red Ocher Cultures Archaic People • Archaic means very old (2nd Ohio group) • Stone tools to chop down trees • Canoes from dugout trees • Archaic Indians were hunters: deer, wild turkeys, bears, ducks and geese • Antlers to hunt • All parts of the animal were used • Nets to fish -
Tennessee Archaeology 2(2) Fall 2006
TTEENNNNEESSSSEEEE AARRCCHHAAEEOOLLOOGGYY Volume 2 Fall 2006 Number 2 EDITORIAL COORDINATORS Michael C. Moore TTEENNNNEESSSSEEEE AARRCCHHAAEEOOLLOOGGYY Tennessee Division of Archaeology Kevin E. Smith Middle Tennessee State University VOLUME 2 Fall 2006 NUMBER 2 EDITORIAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE David Anderson 62 EDITORS CORNER University of T ennessee ARTICLES Patrick Cummins Alliance for Native American Indian Rights 63 The Archaeology of Linville Cave (40SL24), Boyce Driskell Sullivan County, Tennessee University of T ennessee JAY D. FRANKLIN AND S.D. DEAN Jay Franklin 83 Archaeological Investigations on Ropers East Tennessee State University Knob: A Fortified Civil War Site in Williamson County, Tennessee Patrick Garrow BENJAMIN C. NANCE Dandridge, Tennessee Zada Law 107 Deep Testing Methods in Alluvial Ashland City, Tennessee Environments: Coring vs. Trenching on the Nolichucky River Larry McKee SARAH C. SHERWOOD AND JAMES J. KOCIS TRC, Inc. Tanya Peres RESEARCH REPORTS Middle Tennessee State University 120 A Preliminary Analysis of Clovis through Sarah Sherwood Early Archaic Components at the Widemeier University of Tennessee Site (40DV9), Davidson County, Tennessee Samuel D. Smith JOHN BROSTER, MARK NORTON, BOBBY HULAN, Tennessee Division of Archaeology AND ELLIS DURHAM Guy Weaver Weaver and Associates LLC Tennessee Archaeology is published semi-annually in electronic print format by the Tennessee Council for Professional Archaeology. Correspondence about manuscripts for the journal should be addressed to Michael C. Moore, Tennessee Division of Archaeology, Cole Building #3, 1216 Foster Avenue, Nashville TN 37210. The Tennessee Council for Professional Archaeology disclaims responsibility for statements, whether fact or of opinion, made by contributors. On the Cover: Ceramics from Linville Cave, Courtesy, Jay Franklin and S.D. -
Archeology of the Funeral Mound, Ocmulgee National Monument, Georgia
1.2.^5^-3 rK 'rm ' ^ -*m *~ ^-mt\^ -» V-* ^JT T ^T A . ESEARCH SERIES NUMBER THREE Clemson Universii akCHEOLOGY of the FUNERAL MOUND OCMULGEE NATIONAL MONUMENT, GEORGIA TIONAL PARK SERVICE • U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR 3ERAL JCATK5N r -v-^tfS i> &, UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fred A. Seaton, Secretary National Park Service Conrad L. Wirth, Director Ihis publication is one of a series of research studies devoted to specialized topics which have been explored in con- nection with the various areas in the National Park System. It is printed at the Government Printing Office and may be purchased from the Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. Price $1 (paper cover) ARCHEOLOGY OF THE FUNERAL MOUND OCMULGEE National Monument, Georgia By Charles H. Fairbanks with introduction by Frank M. Settler ARCHEOLOGICAL RESEARCH SERIES NUMBER THREE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U. S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR • WASHINGTON 1956 THE NATIONAL PARK SYSTEM, of which Ocmulgee National Monument is a unit, is dedi- cated to conserving the scenic, scientific, and his- toric heritage of the United States for the benefit and enjoyment of its people. Foreword Ocmulgee National Monument stands as a memorial to a way of life practiced in the Southeast over a span of 10,000 years, beginning with the Paleo-Indian hunters and ending with the modern Creeks of the 19th century. Here modern exhibits in the monument museum will enable you to view the panorama of aboriginal development, and here you can enter the restoration of an actual earth lodge and stand where forgotten ceremonies of a great tribe were held. -
Illinois Archaeological Collections at the Logan Museum of Anthropology
Illinois Archaeological Collections at the Logan Museum of Anthropology William Green The Logan Museum of Anthropology houses thousands of objects from Illinois archaeologi- cal sites. While many objects have useful associated documentation, some collections lack contextual data. Provenance investigations can restore provenience information, mak- ing neglected or forgotten collections useful for current and future research. Provenance research also provides insights about the history of archaeology and the construction of archaeological knowledge. Recent study of Middle Woodland collections from the Baehr and Montezuma mound groups in the Illinois River valley exemplifies the value of analyzing collection histories. Museum collections are significant archaeological resources. In addition to their educational value in exhibitions and importance in addressing archaeological research questions, collections also serve as primary-source material regarding the history of archaeology. If we pay close attention to collection objects and associated documenta- tion, we can learn how past practices of collecting and circulating objects have helped construct our current understandings of the cultures the objects represent. In this paper, I review Illinois archaeological collections housed at the Logan Mu- seum of Anthropology. The principal focus is on Middle Woodland material from the Illinois River valley. I examine the provenance—the acquisition and curation histories— of these collections and identify some topics the collections might address. -
Looking Beyond the Obvious: Identifying Patterns in Coles Creek Mortuary Data
Looking Beyond the Obvious: Identifying Patterns in Coles Creek Mortuary Data Megan C. Kassabaum University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill [Paper presented at the Southeastern Archaeological Conference, Charlotte, N.C., 2008] Two characteristics of prehistoric societies in the southeastern United States are commonly used to support arguments for the presence of chiefly political and social organization. One of these characteristics is the large-scale construction of earthworks (particularly large platform mound and plaza complexes); the other is the employment of elaborate mortuary ceremonialism and sumptuous burial goods. Some claim that the earliest indications of chiefdoms can be recognized in the indigenous Coles Creek tradition of southwestern Mississippi and east-central Louisiana. Around A.D. 700, people in this region began building large-scale earthworks similar to those of later, decidedly hierarchical Mississippian polities. However, previous investigators of mortuary remains from these Coles Creek sites report a paucity of burial goods and absence of ornate individual burials (Ford 1951; Giardino 1977; Neuman 1984). Due to the distinct presence of one traditional marker for hierarchical social organization and the reported lack of another, the issue of Coles Creek social differentiation remains a paradox for Southeastern archaeologists. While a relatively small number of Coles Creek sites have been satisfactorily excavated, further analysis of data from these previous archaeological investigations may still reveal significant -
William Henry Holmes Papers, 1870-1931
William Henry Holmes Papers, 1870-1931 Finding aid prepared by Smithsonian Institution Archives Smithsonian Institution Archives Washington, D.C. Contact us at [email protected] Table of Contents Collection Overview ........................................................................................................ 1 Administrative Information .............................................................................................. 1 Historical Note.................................................................................................................. 1 Descriptive Entry.............................................................................................................. 2 Names and Subjects ...................................................................................................... 2 Container Listing ............................................................................................................. 4 Series 1: CORRESPONDENCE. ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY. 1882-1931................................................................................................................. 4 Series 2: CORRESPONDENCE. ARRANGED NUMERICALLY BY WILLIAM HENRY HOLMES. 1870-1931................................................................................. 6 Series 3: CORRESPONDENCE. ARRANGED BY SUBJECT................................. 7 Series 4: MEMORABILIA......................................................................................... 8 Series 5: FIELD NOTES, SKETCHES, AND PHOTOGRAPHS.............................. -
Cahokia Mounds – Largest Archaeological Site in North America
Cahokia Mounds – Largest Archaeological Site in North America Preserving the remains of an ancient Native American city near Collinsville, Illinois, the Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site is across the Mississippi River from St. Louis, Missouri. Covering more than 2,000 acres, Cahokia is the most sophisticated prehistoric Native civilization north of Mexico. Best known for large, man-made earthen structures, the city of Cahokia was inhabited from about A.D. 700 to 1400. Built by ancient peoples known as the Mound Builders, Cahokia’s original population was thought to have been only about 1,000 until about the 11th century when it expanded to tens of thousands. At its peak from 1,100 to 1,200 A.D., the city covered nearly six square miles and boasted a population of as many as 100,000 people. Houses were arranged in rows around open plazas. Agricultural fields and a number of smaller villages surrounded and supplied the city. The Cahokians were known to have traded with other tribes as far away as Minnesota. The original name of the city is unknown and the inhabitants apparently never utilized writing skills. The name Cahokia is that of a unrelated tribe that was living in the area when the first French explorers arrived in the late 17th century. These ancient Indians built more than 120 earthen mounds in the city, 109 of which have been recorded and 68 of which are preserved within the site. Many others are thought to have been altered or destroyed by farming and construction. While some are no more than a gentle rise on the land, others reach 100 feet into the sky. -
Anasazi (Pueblo Builders and Cliff Dwellers) Mound Builders
CK_3_TH_HG_P146_194.QXD 4/11/05 10:47 AM Page 153 Some of the Inuit of today live very much the way their ancestors did. For food, clothing, weapons, tools, and fuel, they rely on the fish they catch and the caribou, seals, whales, and walruses they hunt. In winter, the Inuit live in houses made of sod, wood, and stone, and in summer, they use tents made of animal skins. Igloos, shelters made of blocks of snow, are used only when the Inuit go on hunts and then only rarely. Kayaks and dog sleds are their means of transportation. Much of the Inuit reli- gion revolves around the sea and animals. The Inuit are noted for their carvings in soapstone, ivory, and bone, which often use characters from their religious lore. Anasazi (Pueblo Builders and Cliff Dwellers) By about 2,000 years ago, the Anasazi had settled in what is known today as the four corners area of the Southwest, that is, where Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah meet. Originally hunters and gatherers, the Anasazi turned to farming by around 1000 CE. Their crops were primarily maize (corn), beans, and squash. The first houses of the Anasazi were pithouses constructed below ground. By 1100 CE, however, the Anasazi were building cliff dwellings, multistoried stone apartment buildings with many rooms, set into mountainsides. By the late 1200s, for unknown reasons, the Anasazi began to abandon their cliff dwellings. Possible reasons include drought, disease, pressure from invading groups like the Apache, and internal dissension among villagers. Archaeologists have found no proof of any of these. -
Missouri Archaeological Society, Records, 1934-1983, (C0780)
C Missouri Archaeological Society, Records, 1934-1983 780 10.7 linear feet This collection is available at The State Historical Society of Missouri. If you would like more information, please contact us at [email protected]. INTRODUCTION The records of an organization of amateur and professional archaeologists headquartered in Columbia, Missouri. Includes extensive members’ correspondence, membership lists, executive committee correspondence, annual meeting notes, activities of local chapters, financial records, newspaper clippings, and photographs. This collection documents and illustrates the members’ archaeological interests and the organization’s efforts to protect and preserve the archaeological resources of Missouri. DONOR INFORMATION The records were placed on contract with the University of Missouri by the Missouri Archaeological Society through Carl Chapman on 10 September 1981 (Accession No. 4367). Additions were made on 12 January 1982 (Accession No. 4398); 7 January 1985 and 5 February 1985 (Accession No. 4609); and 3 April 1986 (Accession No. 4708). ORGANIZATIONAL SKETCH In 1930 Bagnell Dam was completed and Missouri’s Lake of the Ozarks was formed. When the waters swept over the area without any sort of archaeological reconnaissance the Indian remains there were lost forever. Shocked by this loss of information, Professors Jesse E. Wrench and J. Brewton Berry of the University of Missouri decided something had to be done. Within a short time they contacted those they knew to be interested in Missouri archaeology and started an archaeological survey of the state, which would utilize amateur archaeologists. These efforts proved so satisfactory that by 1934 the project was funded by the Federal Emergency Relief Administration and involved seventy-five paid workers. -
A Fine "Cup" Stone Display at November Aso Show and The
A FINE "CUP" STONE DISPLAY AT NOVEMBER ASO SHOW AND THE ENIGMA OF A COMMON OHIO ARTIFACT by Michael Rusnak 4642 Friar Road, Stow, OH 44224 [email protected] Two impressive examples of "cup Cup stones were noted in many early suggests "a possible link to hunting, or with stones" were part of an exhibit assembled writings on American and Ohio archaeolo the combined activities of a seasonal hunt by ASO members Steve Hill and Earnest gy. Often lists of material found in mounds ing/gathering camp." He also relates similar Cook at the November ASO show in Co include one or more cup stones amin ong possible uses, including that they "served lumbus. Figures 1-5 show several views the tally of objects unearthed. For exam as the base-socket for the fire-drill, with tin of the two sizable examples made of ple, Gerald Folke's 1902 book Archaeo der piled around the rotating shaft." sandstone. Both of the stones are larger logical History of Ohio: the Mound Build than typical field finds and both contained ers and Later Indians describes the great Curiously, as Folke noted —cup stones multiple "cups" or depressions. One stone numbers of cup stones that were found in are found in many areas of Europe as well, has multiple depressions on both sides. Ohio: along with much speculation on their use. One study of pitted river boulders in North A common Ohio artifact, such stones They occur in all parts of the world ern Europe by Andreas Tvauri dates many are referred to by several names, some and are surpassed in numbers examples to the Bronze Age, and specu times called "cup stones," "pitted stones," among the larger stone objects only lates that some may have been hollows for "nutting stones," or "anvil stones" by field pitted stones and hammers. -
The Development of Archeology in Iowa: an Overview
Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science Volume 82 Number 1 Part 2 Article 8 1975 The Development of Archeology in Iowa: An Overview Duane C. Anderson University of Iowa Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright ©1975 Iowa Academy of Science, Inc. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/pias Recommended Citation Anderson, Duane C. (1975) "The Development of Archeology in Iowa: An Overview," Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, 82(1 pt. 2), 71-86. Available at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/pias/vol82/iss1/8 This General Interest Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa Academy of Science at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science by an authorized editor of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Anderson: The Development of Archeology in Iowa: An Overview 71 The Development of Archeology in Iowa: An Overview DUANE C. ANDERSON! This paper traces the development of archeology in Iowa through porary Period, 1951-1975. The Society served as a catalyst for three distinct periods. Workers durin&_ the period of Pioneer In amateur-professional interaction as research programs sprang up vestigations, 1870-1920, were preoccupied with the problem of the at various colleges, universities and museums across the state. identity of the "Mound Builders." Through their activities they Since the 1960's there has been a gradual change in research stimulated public awareness and interest and fostered the growth strategy toward the "new" archeology with its emphasis on the of scientific investigations. -
Native Peoples of North America
How do people adapt to where they live? Compare and Contrast Make and label a Two-tab Foldable book before you read this unit. Label the tabs Hunter-Gatherers and Farming Cultures. Use the Foldable to organize information as you read. The Ancetral Puelbo built their =jciZg"<Vi]ZgZgh homes into the sides of cliffs at Mesa Verde. ;Vgb^c\8jaijgZh For more about Unit 1 go to www.macmillanmh.com Native Peoples OF North America 17 Maya Artifact Navajo Woman Central America Southwest Maya cities arise in Navajo settle in 250 Mexico and Guatemala 1200 the Southwest ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 200 400 600 800 In about A.D. 250, Maya cities arose in the rain The Navajo people settled in the Southwest forests of Mexico and Central America . in about A.D. 1200. Today you can visit ruins of ancient Maya cities Today the Navajo follow many of their such as Tikal and Chichén Itzá. traditional customs. 18 Unit 1 For more about People, Places, and Events, visit www.macmillanmh.com Mississippian Artifact Iroquois Chief Mississippi River Valley Northeast Cahokia is abandoned Iroquois Confederacy 1300 1451 adopts early constitution ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 1000 1200 1400 1600 Cahokia , a large city built by Mississippian In 1451 the five nations of the Iroquois Mound Builders , was deserted by about Confederacy adopted the “ Great Law of 1300. Peace,” an early constitution. Today you can see Cahokia’s largest mounds at Today many members of the Confederacy live a park near Collinsville, Illinois. in New York. 19 Lesson 1 Settling the VOCABULARY archaeologist p. 21 glacier p. 21 civilization p.