DOCSLIB.ORG

University of Groningen Frontier and Border Regions in Early Modern

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

University of Groningen Frontier and Border Regions in Early Modern Europe Esser, R.M.; Ellis, Steven G. IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2013 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Esser, R. M., & Ellis, S. G. (Eds.) (2013). Frontier and Border Regions in Early Modern Europe. (The Formation of Europe - Historische Formationen Europas; Vol. 7). Wehrhahn Verlag. http://www.wehrhahn- verlag.de/index.php?section=&subsection=details&id=904 Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 25-09-2021 1 Horst Carl und Joachim Eibach Frontiers and Borders Vorwort 2 The Formation of Europe Historische Formationen Europas Band 7 Herausgegeben von Joachim Eibach (Bern), Steven G. Ellis (Galway), Raingard Eßer (Groningen) und Günther Lottes (Potsdam) 3 Horst Carl und Joachim Eibach Frontier and Border Regions in Early Modern Europe Edited by Raingard Eßer and Steven G. Ellis Wehrhahn Verlag Vorwort 4 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über <http://dnb.ddb.de> abrufbar. 1. Auflage 2013 Wehrhahn Verlag www.wehrhahn-verlag.de Satz und Gestaltung durch den Verlag Umschlagabbildung: Druck und Bindung: Aalexx Buchproduktion, Großburgwedel Alle Rechte vorbehalten Printed in Germany © by Wehrhahn Verlag, Hannover ISSN 1864–1814 ISBN 978–3–86525–363–7 5 Horst Carl und Joachim Eibach Acknowledgements Raingard Esser and Steven G. Ellis Introduction ................................................................................................ 7 Anna Groundwater Renewing the Anglo-Scottish Frontier: Reassessing Early Modern Frontier Societies ............................................... 17 Christopher Maginn ‘Beyond the Pale’: Regional Government and the Tudor Conquest of Ireland ............................................................. 39 Steven G. Ellis Ireland’s ‘Lost’ English Region: The English Pale in Early Tudor Times ...... 57 Gerald Power The English Pale as a Region in Later Tudor Ireland, 1541–1603 ............... 77 Andy Sargent A Region for the ‘Wrong’ Reasons: The Far North-West in Early Modern England ........................................... 97 Diana Newton Saint Cuthbert, the Haliwerfolc and Regional Identity in North-East England .................................................. 121 Dennis Hormuth Border Region and Propaganda: Livonia as a Bulwark of Christianity in the Sixteenth Century .................. 139 6 Horst Carl und Joachim Eibach Alison Forrestal Catholic Missionaries in a Territory of Reunion: The French Crown and the Congregation of the Mission in Sedan, 1642–57 ......................... 157 Raingard Esser A ‘Lost Quarter’ or the ‘Four Seasons’ of Guelders: Narratives of Belonging in the Eighty Years War ....................................... 175 Bertrand Forclaz ‘Turning Swiss’? Border Identities in the Swiss Confederation During the Thirty Years War .................................... 199 Brecht Deseure Regional Memory in an Age of Centralisation: French Identity Politics in Brabant ........................................................... 217 Select Bibliography ................................................................................... 247 Index ........................................................................................................ 251 Notes on Contributors .............................................................................. 2xx Vorwort 7 Acknowledgements The present volume had its origins in a conference on Frontiers and Border Regions in Early Modern Europe which was held at the Moore Institute at the National University of Ireland, Galway in June 2012. The initiative for the conference and volume came from two sources. The theme itself relates to the work of the Marie Curie Initial Training Network, ENGLOBE, which is funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme; and it was also suggested by the findings of a European Science Foundation Exploratory Workshop held in September 2010 at the University of the West of England, Bristol. The editors are very grateful both to the European Commission and to the European Science Foundation for the sponsorship which facilitated this event, and also to the Moore Institute for hosting it. Professor Raingard Esser would also like to acknowledge with thanks the award of a Visiting Fellowship at the Moore Institute for two months in summer 2012 which greatly facilitated work on the project. 8 Horst Carl und Joachim Eibach Introduction: Border Regions in Early Modern Europe 7 Raingard Esser and Steven G. Ellis Introduction Border Regions in Early Modern Europe1 In twenty-first century Europe it had seemed, until very recently, that the na- tion state was on the retreat. It was being replaced, apparently, by the concept of regions, both micro-regions within states and macro-regions of contiguous states. The growing belief in an ‘ever closer union’ may have been stopped in its tracks by the Dutch and French votes against a European Constitution in 2005 and by the current euro crisis, but regions within the EU remain important units in the reconstruction of political, economic, social and cultural space.2 Regions do not, however, replace the nation state on a grander or smaller scale. They are multi-faceted and more ‘open-ended’.3 It can be argued that this fluid- ity of the attributes attached to regionality is also reflected in the tendency both by different agents in the regional arena and by academics studying regions and regionalism to invoke the ‘region’ as a marker of identity. The ‘fuzziness’ of the term is also acknowledged within the scholarly community: their inquiries no longer focus on the search for a firm definition or a taxonomy of regions.4 As Douglas Reichert Powell noted a few years ago: ‘The emphasis is not on what regions are, but why they are that way, on what they do as much as what is done to them.’5 This openness of the ‘region’ as a concept has furthered a constructiv- ist approach to its study. That regional identities are constructed has certainly become a truism in academic research. The construction of identity and mem- 1 We would like to thank Joachim Eibach and Richard Hoyle for their useful comments on this introduction. 2 See, for instance Claus Leggewie, Für ein anderes Europa der Regionen, 17 Septem- ber 2012, www.die-gdi.de/CMS-Homepage/openwebcms3.nsf/(ynDK_contentByKey)/ MRUR-8Y89VP (accessed 17 December 2012). 3 See Michael Keating, Rescaling Europe, in: Perspectives on European Politics and Socie- ty, 10, 1, 2009, 34–50; Miloš Řezník, Konzeptionelle Űberlegungen zur Europäischen Regionalgeschichte, in: Peter Jurczek/Matthias Niedobitek (eds.), Europäische Forschungsperspektiven: Elemente einer Europawissenschaft, Berlin, 2008, 89–106. 4 Michael Mann, Globalization, Macro-Regions and Nation-States, in: Gunilla Budde/ Sebastian Conrad/Oliver Janz (eds.), Transnationale Geschichte. Themen, Tendenzen und Theorien, Göttingen, 2006, 28. See also Douglas Reichert Powell, Critical Regionalism: Connecting Politics and Culture in the American Landscape, Chapel Hill, 2007, 7. 5 Powell, Critical Regionalism, 7. 8 Raingard Esser and Steven G. Ellis ory discourses at a regional level has been studied extensively in recent years.6 Numerous monographs and articles now explain how these regional identities have contributed to creating, changing, undermining and strengthening ideas and concepts of the nation.7 More recently regions have also been conceptual- ized in the framework of Frontier and Border Studies, thus emphasizing their relationship to their political neighbours in another state across a boundary line. The study of border regions has profited from such initiatives as the devel- opment of new historiographical theories and methodologies of cultural trans- fer, from comparative history, and also from the concept of a ‘histoire croisée’, often insufficiently translated into English as ‘entangled history’. Similar to the ‘entangled histories’ whose intellectual origins are rooted in Subaltern Studies, histoire croisée emphasizes the reciprocity of the influence of cultures in contact across borders. It also requires a pluriperspectivity of research which goes be- yond the two or more (political) entities usually studied in these contexts. Be- yond traditional studies about cultural transfer, this approach reintroduces the category of a national culture into the debate, emphasizing that transnational and cross-border contacts cannot be sufficiently understood without reference to their wider national contexts.8
Recommended publications
  • Forn Sigulfsson and Ivo Fitz Forn 1

    Forn Sigulfsson and Ivo Fitz Forn 1

    20 OCTOBER 2014 FORN SIGULFSSON AND IVO FITZ FORN 1 Release date Version notes Who Current version: H1-Forn Sigulfsson 20/10/2014 Original version DC, HD and Ivo fitz Forn-2014- 1 Previous versions: ———— This text is made available through the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivs License; additional terms may apply Authors for attribution statement: Charters of William II and Henry I Project David X Carpenter, Faculty of History, University of Oxford Hugh Doherty, University of East Anglia FORN SIGULFSSON AND IVO FITZ FORN Tenants-in-chief in Yorkshire, Cumberland, Westmorland and Northumberland Archive of the Dacre family, Narworth Forn Sigulfsson and his son Ivo were important landholders in northern England during the reign of Henry I, but nothing can be said with confidence of Forn or his antecedents before that.1 Forn first occurs, as ‘Forna Sigulfi filio’, witnessing Ranulf Meschin’s deed giving to Abbot Stephen and St Mary’s Abbey the manor of Wetheral (Ctl. Wetherhal, 1– 5, no. 1; Sharpe, St Mary’s Abbey, Deeds, X; see also Headnote for Wetheral priory). The date must be before Christmas 1113, when Stephen’s successor Richard was appointed. St Mary’s soon established a dependent priory at Wetheral, which lies some five miles east of Carlisle. Forn’s attestion, between Waltheof fitz Gospatric and Ketel son of Eltred, indicates he was already an important force in Cumbria. We may speculate, from the name he gave to his only known son Ivo, that he 1 C. Phythian-Adams is not the first to propose a connection with Sigulf, named in a pre-Conquest Cumbrian writ in the name of Gospatric, but this may be no more than a coincidence of names (C.
  • The Burghs of Ayrshire

    The Burghs of Ayrshire

    8 9 The Burghs of Ayrshire Apart from the Stewarts, who flourished in the genealogical as well as material sense, these early families died out quickly, their lands and offices being carried over by heiresses to their husbands' GEOEGE S. PEYDE, M.A., Ph.D. lines. The de Morville possessions came, by way of Alan Professor of Scottish History, Glasgow University FitzEoland of Galloway, to be divided between Balliols, Comyns and de la Zouches ; while the lordship was claimed in thirds by THE HISTORIC BACKGROUND absentees,® the actual lands were in the hands of many small proprietors. The Steward, overlord of Kyle-stewart, was regarded Apart from their purely local interest, the Ayrshire burghs as a Renfrewshire baron. Thus Robert de Bruce, father of the may be studied with profit for their national or " institutional " future king and Earl of Carrick by marriage, has been called the significance, i The general course of burghal development in only Ayrshire noble alive in 1290.' Scotland shows that the terms " royal burgh" (1401) and " burgh-in-barony " (1450) are of late occurrence and represent a form of differentiation that was wholly absent in earlier times. ^ PRBSTWICK Economic privileges—extending even to the grant of trade- monopoly areas—were for long conferred freely and indifferently The oldest burgh in the shire is Prestwick, which is mentioned upon burghs holding from king, bishop, abbot, earl or baron. as burgo meo in Walter FitzAlan's charter, dated 1165-73, to the Discrimination between classes of burghs began to take shape in abbey of Paisley. * It was, therefore, like Renfrew, a baronial the second half of the fourteeth century, after the summoning of burgh, dependent upon the Steward of Scotland ; unlike Renfrew, burgesses to Parliament (in the years 1357-66 or possibly earlier) * however, it did not, on the elevation of the Stewarts to the throne, and the grant to the " free burghs " of special rights in foreign improve in status and it never (to use the later term) became a trade (1364).* Between 1450 and 1560 some 88 charter-grant.? royal burgh.
  • Conservation Profiles: Landowners Help

    Conservation Profiles: Landowners Help

    n the three decades since the Endangered Species Act became law, we've become more aware of the crucial role landowners play as stewards of our country's natural resources. According to Precious Heritage, a report by The Nature Conservancy and the Association for Biodiversity Information (now NatureServe), two-thirds of the species federally listed as endangered or threatened have habitat on private land. Most landowners are good stewards of the land. They're not just reaping the benefits of the land; they also care about the land itself. The purpose of this brochure is to introduce some of the landowners who are using two innovative conservation tools: Safe Harbor Agreements and Candidate Conservation Agreements with Assurances. Although these tools only came into use within the last decade, and many landowners are not yet familiar with them, they already have demonstrated benefits for both landowners and imperiled species. A brief explanation of how these conservation tools work and how they can benefit landowners follows, but more can be learned about the agree- ments from the participating landowners themselves, a few of whom are profiled in this document. These pages introduce only a tiny segment of the diverse group of landowners currently participating in these programs. Texas rancher Bob Long (at right) They range from residential landowners who own only an acre to large lent a helping hand to the endangered Houston toad under a Safe Harbor Agreement. Photograph courtesy of Jenny Lord, USFWS corporations with thousands of acres. They include private forest Since successfully restoring ponds on his owners, ranchers, and golf course operators.
  • Jean Meslier and "The Gentle Inclination of Nature"

    Jean Meslier and "The Gentle Inclination of Nature"

    Jean Meslier and "The Gentle Inclination of Nature" translated by Marvin Mandell I. Of a Certain Jean Meslier HOW ASTONISHING that the prevailing historiography finds no place for an atheist priest in the reign of Louis XIV. More than that, he was a revolutionary communist and internationalist, an avowed materialist, a convinced hedonist, an authentically passionate and vindictively, anti-Christian prophet, but also, and above all, a philosopher in every sense of the word, a philosopher proposing a vision of the world that is coherent, articulated, and defended step by step before the tribunal of the world, without any obligation to conventional Western reasoning. Jean Meslier under his cassock contained all the dynamite at the core of the 18th century. This priest with no reputation and without any memorial furnishes an ideological arsenal of the thought of the Enlightenment's radical faction, that of the ultras, all of whom, drinking from his fountain, innocently pretend to be ignorant of his very name. A number of his theses earn for his borrowers a reputation only won by usurping his work. Suppressed references prevent the reverence due to him. His work? Just a single book, but what a book! A monster of more than a thousand manuscript pages, written with a goose quill pen under the glimmer of the fireplace and candles in an Ardennes vicarage between the so-called Great Century and the one following, called the Enlightenment, which he endorsed, by frequent use of the word, the sealed fate of the 18th century. A handwritten book, never published during the lifetime of its author, probably read by no one other than by its conceiver.
  • After Robespierre

    After Robespierre

    J . After Robespierre THE THERMIDORIAN REACTION Mter Robespierre THE THERMIDORIAN REACTION By ALBERT MATHIEZ Translated from the French by Catherine Alison Phillips The Universal Library GROSSET & DUNLAP NEW YORK COPYRIGHT ©1931 BY ALFRED A. KNOPF, INC. ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED AS La Reaction Thermidorienne COPYRIGHT 1929 BY MAX LECLERC ET CIE UNIVERSAL LIBRARY EDITION, 1965 BY ARRANGEMENT WITH ALFRED A. KNOPF, INC. LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER: 65·14385 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA PREFACE So far as order of time is concerned, M. M athie( s study of the Thermidorian Reaction, of which the present volume is a translation, is a continuation of his history of the French Revolution, of which the English version was published in 1928. In form and character, however, there is a notable difference. In the case of the earlier work the limitations imposed by the publishers excluded all references and foot-notes, and the author had to refer the reader to his other published works for the evidence on which his conclusions were based. In the case of the present book no such limitations have been set, and M. Mathiei: has thus been able not only to state his con­ clusions, but to give the chain of reasoning by which they have been reached. The Thermidorian Reaction is therefore something more than a sequel to The French Revolution, which M. Mathiei:, with perhaps undue modesty, has described as a precis having no independent authority; it is not only a work of art, but a weighty contribution to historical science. In the preface to his French Revolution M.
  • Chapter 2 – Late Middle Ages to Renaissance

    Chapter 2 – Late Middle Ages to Renaissance

    INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AND WARFARE IN THE LATE MIDDLE AGES AND EARLY MODERN EUROPE A Bibliography of Diplomatic and Military Studies William Young Chapter 2 Late Middle Ages to Renaissance Italy (1337-1494) Europe (1337-1494) Allmand, Christopher Thomas, editor. The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume 7: c.1415-c.1500. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Aston, Margaret. The Fifteenth Century: The Prospect of Europe. Library of European Civilization series. London: Thames and Hudson, 1968. Cheyney, Edward P. The Dawn of a New Era, 1250-1453. The Rise of Modern Europe series. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1936. Fernández-Armesto, Felipe. Before Columbus: Exploration and Colonization from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic, 1229-1492. The Middle Ages series. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1987. Fowler, Kenneth. The Age of Plantagenet and Valois. London: Elek Press, 1967; New York: Exeter Books, 1980. Gilmore, Myron P. The World of Humanism, 1453-1517. The Rise of Modern Europe series. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1952. Hay, Denys. Europe in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries. General History of Europe series. Second edition. London: Longman, 1989. Holmes, George. Europe: Hierarchy and Revolt, 1320-1450. Blackwell Classic Histories of Europe series. Second edition. Oxford: Blackwell, 2000. 1 Jones, Michael C.E., editor. The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume 6: c.1300-c.1415. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Mulgan, Catherine. The Renaissance Monarchies, 1469-1558. Cambridge Perspectives in History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Nicholas, David. The Transformation of Europe, 1300-1600. The Arnold History of Europe series. London: Arnold, 1999. Previté-Orton, Charles William and Zachary Nugent Brooke, editors.
  • Fair Shares for All

    Fair Shares for All

    FAIR SHARES FOR ALL JACOBIN EGALITARIANISM IN PRACT ICE JEAN-PIERRE GROSS This study explores the egalitarian policies pursued in the provinces during the radical phase of the French Revolution, but moves away from the habit of looking at such issues in terms of the Terror alone. It challenges revisionist readings of Jacobinism that dwell on its totalitarian potential or portray it as dangerously Utopian. The mainstream Jacobin agenda held out the promise of 'fair shares' and equal opportunities for all in a private-ownership market economy. It sought to achieve social justice without jeopardising human rights and tended thus to complement, rather than undermine, the liberal, individualist programme of the Revolution. The book stresses the relevance of the 'Enlightenment legacy', the close affinities between Girondins and Montagnards, the key role played by many lesser-known figures and the moral ascendancy of Robespierre. It reassesses the basic social and economic issues at stake in the Revolution, which cannot be adequately understood solely in terms of political discourse. Past and Present Publications Fair shares for all Past and Present Publications General Editor: JOANNA INNES, Somerville College, Oxford Past and Present Publications comprise books similar in character to the articles in the journal Past and Present. Whether the volumes in the series are collections of essays - some previously published, others new studies - or mono- graphs, they encompass a wide variety of scholarly and original works primarily concerned with social, economic and cultural changes, and their causes and consequences. They will appeal to both specialists and non-specialists and will endeavour to communicate the results of historical and allied research in readable and lively form.
  • The Mewsletter1

    The Mewsletter1

    The Mewsletter1 February 2011 AS XLV Published on behalf of the shire of Falcon’s Keep and student members of Falcon’s Gate 2 In this issue: Cover Story Page 3 Are Pets Period? Page 4 From the Chronicler’s Quill Page 5 January Moot’s Minutes Page 6 Calendar Page 7 Menu for Haire Affaire Page 8– 9 February Moot Page 10 Officers of the Shire Page 11 Disclaimer This is The Mewsletter and it is published on behalf of the Shire of Falcon’s Keep and the student members of Falcon’s Gate, the Central WI chapter of the Society for Creative Anachronism (SCA). It is not a corporate publication of SCA, Inc. and does not delineate SCA policies. For official publications, contact SCA, Inc., Offices of the Registry, PO Box 36073, Milpitas, CA 95036-0743. Submissions are accepted until the 15th of the previous month, preferably as a Word document inserted into an email. Send to both the Chronicler and Deputy Chronicler. The last Thursday of the previous month is the mailing date. Submissions are the property of the contributor and may not be used without permission of the author or artist. Contact the Chronicler for further information. The Mewsletter is published monthly. It is available from Bart Forman, 620 N Ash Ave, Marshfield, WI 54449. This publication will be available on the Falcon’s Keep webpage at www.falconskeep.org. If you require a paper copy please contact the chronicler. If you wish to make a contribution to defray mailing costs, please give it to the Exchequer of Falcon’s Keep.
  • Prometheus & Atlas

    Prometheus & Atlas

    SSStttooonnnyyy BBBrrrooooookkk UUUnnniiivvveeerrrsssiiitttyyy The official electronic file of this thesis or dissertation is maintained by the University Libraries on behalf of The Graduate School at Stony Brook University. ©©© AAAllllll RRRiiiggghhhtttsss RRReeessseeerrrvvveeeddd bbbyyy AAAuuuttthhhooorrr... Prometheus & Atlas: An Inquiry into the Spectral Essence of Technoscience A Dissertation Presented by Jason Reza Jorjani to The Graduate School in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Philosophy Stony Brook University September 2013 Stony Brook University The Graduate School Jason Reza Jorjani We, the dissertation committee for the above candidate for the Doctor of Philosophy degree, hereby recommend acceptance of this dissertation. Edward S. Casey Distinguished Professor of Philosophy Don Ihde Distinguished Professor of Philosophy Megan Craig Associate Professor of Philosophy, Masters Program Director Jeffrey J. Kripal J. Newton Rayzor Chair in Philosophy and Religious Thought Chair of the Department of Religious Studies, Rice University This dissertation is accepted by the Graduate School Charles Taber Interim Dean of the Graduate School ii Abstract of the Dissertation Prometheus & Atlas by Jason Reza Jorjani Doctor of Philosophy in Philosophy Stony Brook University 2013 Technological science has shattered the worldviews of all traditional cultures subjected to it, at times provoking reactionary religious responses that only underscore the traumatic force of this worldwide development. Yet, as I argue, this world-colonizing force is not neutral. The anticipatory projection and world-building characteristic of scientific theorization are grounded in a practical comportment, so that the essence of technology or Craft is ontologically prior to theoretical science. In other words, science is always already Technoscience.
  • Treasure Island Exploring the Play at Home

    Treasure Island Exploring the Play at Home

    Treasure Island Exploring the Play at Home If you’re watching Treasure Island at home and would like to find out more out the production, there are a number of different resources that you can explore and activities you might like to try. About the Production Treasure Island was first performed at the National Theatre in 2014. The production was directed by Polly Findlay. Based on the 1883 novel by Robert Louis Stevenson, this stage production was adapted by Bryony Lavery. You can find full details of the cast and production team below: Cast Jim Hawkins: Patsy Ferran Grandma: Gillian Hanna Bill Bones: Aidan Kelly Dr Livesey: Alexandra Maher Squire Trelawny/Voice of the Parrot: Nick Fletcher Mrs Crossley: Alexandra Maher Red Ruth: Heather Dutton Job Anderson: Raj Bajaj Silent Sue: Lena Kaur Black Dog: Daniel Coonan Blind Pew: David Sterne Captain Smollett: Paul Dodds Long John Silver: Arthur Darvill Lucky Mickey: Jonathan Livingstone Joan the Goat: Claire-Louise Cordwell Israel Hands: Angela de Castro Dick the Dandy: David Langham Killigrew the Kind: Alastair Parker George Badger: Oliver Birch Grey: Tim Samuels Ben Gunn: Joshua James Shanty Singer: Roger Wilson Parrot (Captain Flint): Ben Thompson Production team Director: Polly Findlay Adaptation: Bryony Lavery Designer: Lizzie Clachan Lighting Designer: Bruno Poet Composer: John Tams Fight Director: Bret Yount Movement Director: Jack Murphy Music and Sound Designer: Dan Jones Illusions: Chris Fisher Comedy Consultant: Clive Mendus Creative Associate: Carolina Valdés You might like to use the internet to research some of these artists to find out more about their careers. If you would like to find out about careers in the theatre, there’s lots of useful information on the Discover Creative Careers website.
  • The CONSTITUTIONS of CALIFORNIA and the UNITED STATES with Related Documents

    The CONSTITUTIONS of CALIFORNIA and the UNITED STATES with Related Documents

    The CONSTITUTIONS of CALIFORNIA and THE UNITED STATES with Related Documents 2017–18 Edition Cover: Spring Flowers (Poppies and Lupine, Goleta Point), n.d. John Marshall Gamble Crocker Art Museum, Melza and Ted Barr Collection, 2008.102 CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, 1879 As Last Amended November 8, 2016 and Related Documents 2017–18 CALIFORNIA STATE LEGISLATURE LT. GOVERNOR GAVIN NEWSOM HON. ANTHONY RENDON President of the Senate Speaker of the Assembly HON. KEVIN DE LEÓN HON. KEVIN MULLIN President pro Tempore of the Senate Speaker pro Tempore JEAN FULLER HON. CHAD MAYES Minority Floor Leader Republican Leader DANIEL ALVAREZ E. DOTSON WILSON Secretary of the Senate Chief Clerk of the Assembly THE STATE FLAG The Bear Flag was designated California’s State Flag by legislative enactment in 1911. It is patterned after the historic flag flown at Sonoma on June 14, 1846, by a group of American settlers in revolt against Mexican rule in California. This short-lived revolution ended on July 9, 1846. The general design and details of the Bear Flag are set forth in Section 420 of the Government Code. FOREWORD The California Legislature is privileged to present this compilation of historic documents. Taken together, these compacts, treaties, and charters embody the ongoing evolution of our core principles of representative democracy. It is important to note that our state Constitution is a living document. It has been amended over 500 times since its adoption in 1879. Some recent amendments have included a change to California’s Term Limits law through the passage of Proposition 28 (2012), the California Legislature Transparency Act enacted by Proposition 54 (2016) enhances public access to the legislative process, and with the adoption of Proposition 25 (2010), the vote threshold to pass the state budget is now a majority vote.
  • TREASURE ISLAND the NOVEL and the MUSICAL 2 STUDY MATERIALS

    TREASURE ISLAND the NOVEL and the MUSICAL 2 STUDY MATERIALS

    Maine State Music Theatre Curtis Memorial Library, Topsham Public Library, and Patten Free Library present A STUDY GUIDE TO TREASURE ISLAND The NOVEL and the MUSICAL 2 STUDY MATERIALS TREASURE ISLAND: THE NOVEL Robert Louis Stevenson Page 3 Treasure Island in Literary History Page 5 Fun Facts About the Novel Page 6 Historical Context of the Novel Page 7 Adaptations of Treasure Island on Film and Stage Page 9 Treasure Island: Themes Page 10 Treasure Island: Synopsis of the Novel Page 11 Treasure Island: Characters in the Novel Page 13 Treasure Island: Glossary Page 15 TREASURE ISLAND A Musical Adventure: THE ROBIN & CLARK MUSICAL Artistic Statement Page 18 The Creators of the Musical Page 19 Treasure Island A Musical Adventure: Themes Page 20 Treasure Island A Musical Adventure: Synopsis & Songs Page 21 Treasure Island A Musical Adventure: Cast of Characters Page 24 Treasure Island A Musical Adventure: World Premiere Page 26 Press Quotes Page 27 QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION Page 28 MSMT’s Treasure Island A Musical Adventure Page 29 3 TREASURE ISLAND: THE NOVEL ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON Robert Louis Balfour Stevenson was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on November 13, 1850, to Thomas and Margaret Stevenson. Lighthouse design was his father's and his family's profession, so at age seventeen, he enrolled at Edinburgh University to study engineering, with the goal of following in the family business. Lighthouse design never appealed to Stevenson, though, and he began studying law instead. His spirit of adventure truly began to appear at this stage, and during his summer vacations he traveled to France to be around young writers and painters.