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University of Groningen Frontier and Border Regions in Early Modern University of Groningen Frontier and Border Regions in Early Modern Europe Esser, R.M.; Ellis, Steven G. IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2013 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Esser, R. M., & Ellis, S. G. (Eds.) (2013). Frontier and Border Regions in Early Modern Europe. (The Formation of Europe - Historische Formationen Europas; Vol. 7). Wehrhahn Verlag. http://www.wehrhahn- verlag.de/index.php?section=&subsection=details&id=904 Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 25-09-2021 1 Horst Carl und Joachim Eibach Frontiers and Borders Vorwort 2 The Formation of Europe Historische Formationen Europas Band 7 Herausgegeben von Joachim Eibach (Bern), Steven G. Ellis (Galway), Raingard Eßer (Groningen) und Günther Lottes (Potsdam) 3 Horst Carl und Joachim Eibach Frontier and Border Regions in Early Modern Europe Edited by Raingard Eßer and Steven G. Ellis Wehrhahn Verlag Vorwort 4 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über <http://dnb.ddb.de> abrufbar. 1. Auflage 2013 Wehrhahn Verlag www.wehrhahn-verlag.de Satz und Gestaltung durch den Verlag Umschlagabbildung: Druck und Bindung: Aalexx Buchproduktion, Großburgwedel Alle Rechte vorbehalten Printed in Germany © by Wehrhahn Verlag, Hannover ISSN 1864–1814 ISBN 978–3–86525–363–7 5 Horst Carl und Joachim Eibach Acknowledgements Raingard Esser and Steven G. Ellis Introduction ................................................................................................ 7 Anna Groundwater Renewing the Anglo-Scottish Frontier: Reassessing Early Modern Frontier Societies ............................................... 17 Christopher Maginn ‘Beyond the Pale’: Regional Government and the Tudor Conquest of Ireland ............................................................. 39 Steven G. Ellis Ireland’s ‘Lost’ English Region: The English Pale in Early Tudor Times ...... 57 Gerald Power The English Pale as a Region in Later Tudor Ireland, 1541–1603 ............... 77 Andy Sargent A Region for the ‘Wrong’ Reasons: The Far North-West in Early Modern England ........................................... 97 Diana Newton Saint Cuthbert, the Haliwerfolc and Regional Identity in North-East England .................................................. 121 Dennis Hormuth Border Region and Propaganda: Livonia as a Bulwark of Christianity in the Sixteenth Century .................. 139 6 Horst Carl und Joachim Eibach Alison Forrestal Catholic Missionaries in a Territory of Reunion: The French Crown and the Congregation of the Mission in Sedan, 1642–57 ......................... 157 Raingard Esser A ‘Lost Quarter’ or the ‘Four Seasons’ of Guelders: Narratives of Belonging in the Eighty Years War ....................................... 175 Bertrand Forclaz ‘Turning Swiss’? Border Identities in the Swiss Confederation During the Thirty Years War .................................... 199 Brecht Deseure Regional Memory in an Age of Centralisation: French Identity Politics in Brabant ........................................................... 217 Select Bibliography ................................................................................... 247 Index ........................................................................................................ 251 Notes on Contributors .............................................................................. 2xx Vorwort 7 Acknowledgements The present volume had its origins in a conference on Frontiers and Border Regions in Early Modern Europe which was held at the Moore Institute at the National University of Ireland, Galway in June 2012. The initiative for the conference and volume came from two sources. The theme itself relates to the work of the Marie Curie Initial Training Network, ENGLOBE, which is funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme; and it was also suggested by the findings of a European Science Foundation Exploratory Workshop held in September 2010 at the University of the West of England, Bristol. The editors are very grateful both to the European Commission and to the European Science Foundation for the sponsorship which facilitated this event, and also to the Moore Institute for hosting it. Professor Raingard Esser would also like to acknowledge with thanks the award of a Visiting Fellowship at the Moore Institute for two months in summer 2012 which greatly facilitated work on the project. 8 Horst Carl und Joachim Eibach Introduction: Border Regions in Early Modern Europe 7 Raingard Esser and Steven G. Ellis Introduction Border Regions in Early Modern Europe1 In twenty-first century Europe it had seemed, until very recently, that the na- tion state was on the retreat. It was being replaced, apparently, by the concept of regions, both micro-regions within states and macro-regions of contiguous states. The growing belief in an ‘ever closer union’ may have been stopped in its tracks by the Dutch and French votes against a European Constitution in 2005 and by the current euro crisis, but regions within the EU remain important units in the reconstruction of political, economic, social and cultural space.2 Regions do not, however, replace the nation state on a grander or smaller scale. They are multi-faceted and more ‘open-ended’.3 It can be argued that this fluid- ity of the attributes attached to regionality is also reflected in the tendency both by different agents in the regional arena and by academics studying regions and regionalism to invoke the ‘region’ as a marker of identity. The ‘fuzziness’ of the term is also acknowledged within the scholarly community: their inquiries no longer focus on the search for a firm definition or a taxonomy of regions.4 As Douglas Reichert Powell noted a few years ago: ‘The emphasis is not on what regions are, but why they are that way, on what they do as much as what is done to them.’5 This openness of the ‘region’ as a concept has furthered a constructiv- ist approach to its study. That regional identities are constructed has certainly become a truism in academic research. The construction of identity and mem- 1 We would like to thank Joachim Eibach and Richard Hoyle for their useful comments on this introduction. 2 See, for instance Claus Leggewie, Für ein anderes Europa der Regionen, 17 Septem- ber 2012, www.die-gdi.de/CMS-Homepage/openwebcms3.nsf/(ynDK_contentByKey)/ MRUR-8Y89VP (accessed 17 December 2012). 3 See Michael Keating, Rescaling Europe, in: Perspectives on European Politics and Socie- ty, 10, 1, 2009, 34–50; Miloš Řezník, Konzeptionelle Űberlegungen zur Europäischen Regionalgeschichte, in: Peter Jurczek/Matthias Niedobitek (eds.), Europäische Forschungsperspektiven: Elemente einer Europawissenschaft, Berlin, 2008, 89–106. 4 Michael Mann, Globalization, Macro-Regions and Nation-States, in: Gunilla Budde/ Sebastian Conrad/Oliver Janz (eds.), Transnationale Geschichte. Themen, Tendenzen und Theorien, Göttingen, 2006, 28. See also Douglas Reichert Powell, Critical Regionalism: Connecting Politics and Culture in the American Landscape, Chapel Hill, 2007, 7. 5 Powell, Critical Regionalism, 7. 8 Raingard Esser and Steven G. Ellis ory discourses at a regional level has been studied extensively in recent years.6 Numerous monographs and articles now explain how these regional identities have contributed to creating, changing, undermining and strengthening ideas and concepts of the nation.7 More recently regions have also been conceptual- ized in the framework of Frontier and Border Studies, thus emphasizing their relationship to their political neighbours in another state across a boundary line. The study of border regions has profited from such initiatives as the devel- opment of new historiographical theories and methodologies of cultural trans- fer, from comparative history, and also from the concept of a ‘histoire croisée’, often insufficiently translated into English as ‘entangled history’. Similar to the ‘entangled histories’ whose intellectual origins are rooted in Subaltern Studies, histoire croisée emphasizes the reciprocity of the influence of cultures in contact across borders. It also requires a pluriperspectivity of research which goes be- yond the two or more (political) entities usually studied in these contexts. Be- yond traditional studies about cultural transfer, this approach reintroduces the category of a national culture into the debate, emphasizing that transnational and cross-border contacts cannot be sufficiently understood without reference to their wider national contexts.8
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