HUMANİSTİC İDEAS and the İMAGE of a STRUGGLİNG HUMAN BEİNG İN the WORK of SULEYMAN VALİYEV Faig Shirinov1

Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 02 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 782 HUMANİSTİC İDEAS AND THE İMAGE OF A STRUGGLİNG HUMAN BEİNG İN THE WORK OF SULEYMAN VALİYEV Faig Shirinov1 Abstract: The article is devoted to the As in the history of the XX work of Suleyman Valiyev, one of the century, the fate of the people of prominent representatives of XX century Azerbaijan is remembered by Azerbaijani literature. The article notes spectacular events, deep contradictions that the images created by the writer are and conflicts, revolutions and overturns. distinguished by their vitality, emotional The liberation of the peoples from the and psychological sensitivity. The article “Tsar's prison” as a result of the collapse analyzes the peculiarities of humanistic of the Russian tsarism and the colonial ideas that are reflected in the work of system as a result of the First World War, Suleyman Valiyev, and presents a as well as the national freedom struggle system of positive and negative images, of the Azerbaijani people have been in which are analyzed in the philological this century. The deep crisis of the aspect. The image of a struggling human capitalist system and the emergence of being that is the leitmotif of a prominent terrible totalitarian regimes - Fascism writer's works is characterized by special and Stalinism are also the results of the professionalism and clarified the main XX century. Due to the scale and horrific characteristic of its core. consequences of World War II launched by German fascism, it has caused Keywords: an international theme, an unprecedented disasters in human active hero, the concept of a struggling history. Not only wars but also human, Arabic stories, the writer's ideal revolutions, repressions and exiles, mass murders and massacres, caused by war Introduction and total socio-political clashes, are indicative of the tragedies of mankind. 1 Teacher of the Department of the Azerbaijani Language and its Teaching Methods of Sumgait State University .E-mail: faiqş[email protected]. ORCİD: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4639-3052 Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 02 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 783 The struggle of the Azerbaijani era. This is one of the key factors that people for national freedom, their make the topic relevant. struggle for their national identity and Contemporary literary criticism their homeland, modern society and revisits the creativity of representatives state-building have taken place in such of XX century literature, in terms of complex historical circumstances. Azerbaijani ideology and artistic values, Contemporary Azerbaijani culture, art it places a value on the classics and and literature were formed directly under engages in its analysis. “When the influence of global events occurring evaluating the personality, activities, and in the external world, while also resisting works of any creative person, it is these influences. It is no coincidence that necessary to take into account the in the XX century, the Azerbaijani historical conditions and environment of people, despite great losses and deep his creative work. It is not possible to tragedies, continued the history of the correct or fix either literature or history coup, proven a great national identity of people as much as our heart desires in and gone through a great development. terms of the realities and demands of These difficulties of national history today. History is history, together with were written by Azerbaijani writers and its pros and cons. The main task is to reflected in the literature. analyze it from the point of view of the One of the prominent writers of modern requirements, new national Azerbaijani literature is Suleyman methodology, modern theoretical and Valiyev. Suleyman Valiyev (1916-1996) aesthetic principles of world literature, to is an Azerbaijani writer with a wealth of consider the pros and cons of planning creativity and author of four novels, our future work. The study and historical dozens of narratives, memoir, over a evaluation of Suleyman Valiyev's work hundred stories and essays. He lived in in terms of the demands of national the Soviet era, saw the pains and ideology and modern literary criticism is contradictions of his time, and reflected also relevant. in his creativity. The writer's creativity, in general, reflects all the stages of the Development Azerbaijani people's life in the Soviet Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 02 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 784 Description of research. flew” [Мотяшов И., 1986] in The creativity of the Azerbaijani language. At the same time, outstanding Azerbaijani writer of the XX it should be noted that the large-scale century Suleyman Valiyev has not been creativity of Suleyman Valiyev is not widely studied, although it has attracted widely investigated in literary criticism the attention of literary criticism of its and literary studies. Research shows that time. Much has been said about the this is largely due to the difficult life of writer's successes in more prose articles. the writer during the Soviet era. At the same time, literary critics [Yahya Although the works of the writer during Seyidov,1954], [Bakir Nabiyev,1970], the Soviet period were marked by the [Jamal Ahmadov,1989] and critics bitter truths of war, exile, moral [Suleyman Rahimov, 1976], [Abulhasan repression, and the environment of Alakbarzada, 1974], [Famil ideological lies, the interest in the writer Mehdi,1983], [Ali Sabri,1962] and other has been formally mentioned, it has not writers have published articles about been specifically stated. During some of Suleyman Valiyev's works. His independence, Suleyman Valiyev was works have been published in tens of unfairly forgotten as a “Soviet writer” of thousands of languages both in his past and his creativity was left out of Azerbaijani and Russian language, and the study. The research revealed the need have won the sympathy of a wide for a thorough study of the writer's readership. In this regard, Russian creativity and a re-evaluation in the light literary criticism also aroused interest in of modern Azerbaijani ideology. Suleyman Valiyev [Овчаренко А.И., Suleyman Valiyev's stories 1968]. Georgi Markov, chairman of the about the life of the Arab peoples are not Soviet Union of Writers, spoke at the IV just stories that are included in the book Congress of Writers about the creativity of “The Fig Tree”, the writer continued of Suleyman Valiyev [Марков Г. О, this topic in the following years, writing 1983], he also wrote the preface to his stories such as "The Nile Water" “Selected works” [Мотяшов И., 1986] (Suleyman Valiyev, 1953), "The Dream in Russian language, and also to the book of the Fallah" (Suleyman Valiyev, 1958), of “The bird with the wing broken also "A bunch of Grape" (Suleyman Valiyev, Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V. 9 - Nº 02 - Ano 2020 ISSN | 2179-7137 | http://periodicos.ufpb.br/ojs2/index.php/ged/index 785 1961), "Shilla" (Suleyman Valiyev, constantly tries to live with "It does not 1969) and others. As the literary critic bother me, they do whatever they do, no points out: “Arab stories” by Suleyman matter what I do! I am only a Valiyev are particularly different. photographer, and I am" psychology. But During his time in Arab countries, he that doesn't work out for him. He studied the customs and traditions of the surprised when he saw a pregnant local people and published books such as woman who took a picture with her "Fig Tree", "A sahang of Water", husband among a group of prisoners "Rainfall". The Arabs' hard way of life, passing by. When he met his mother, it the colonialists' plundering of the Arab was revealed that the photographer was world for centuries, the awakening of guilty of the woman's capture. Lu De-sin Arabs' feelings of imperialism, ignored the request and posted that oppression and colonization contain beautiful photo on the showcase, and the specific artistic details and human detective who followed the picture characters in these stories. S.Valiyev's pursued the woman. Although the story books about Arab life were highly ends with a schematic ending, the writer appreciated in the progressive Arabic embodies the struggle of the human press. mind. To correct his mistake, Lu De-sin The story of Suleyman joins the crowd protesting the detective, Valiyev's international story, "Picture," participating in the rescue of the (Suleyman Valiyev, 1956) speaks of the prisoners. Chinese people's struggle for freedom. The “Turkish Girl” narrative As in the "Arab stories", the writer (Suleyman Valiyev, 1962) has also been follows the struggle of the people in their written internationally. In the story, individual fate. Even the fact that an Gulbahar, Tofig, and in general, Turkish individual who has withdrawn himself students are embraced by the true from the common struggle willingly Turkish character. Although the joins with his people, is reflected in the narrative focuses on Soviet ideology, story. Lu De-sin is a photographer, trying exposing the regimes that dominated to turn a blind eye to the injustice and capitalist countries, the author creates the oppression that surrounds him, and image of brave and humanistic Turkish Periódico do Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Gênero e Direito Centro de Ciências Jurídicas - Universidade Federal da Paraíba V.

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