Questionnaires of Unauthorized Dump Sites
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E1827 v5 Public Disclosure Authorized THE MINISTRY OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN REHABILITATION AND CLOSURE OF UNAUTHORIZED DUMP SITES Public Disclosure Authorized IN THE GREATER BAKU AREA ENVIRONMENTAL and SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FINAL DRAFT REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized March -2012 Public Disclosure Authorized ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS AG Azerbaijan Government ARP “Ecological Rehabilitation of Absheron” Project SOCAR State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic CSSWM Common System for Solid Waste Management SWM Solid Waste Management SWMC Solid Waste Management Company WB World Bank AIE Assessment of Impact on Environment ESIA Environment and Social Impact Assessment EPSM Environment and Plan of Social Management ASIE Assessment of Social Impact on Environment Complex Plan of Activities for the Improvement of the Ecological Situation in SEP Azerbaijan Republic in 2006-2010 Short – State Ecological Programme TECG Thermal Effect Creating Gases EE Ecological Expertise LFG Landfill Gases MED Ministry of Economic Development EP Executive Power MENR Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources NGO Non-Government Organisation OI Operational Instructions SIA Social Impact Assessment UEIP Urgent Ecological Investment Project DHPU Department of Housing and Public Utilities DHPS Department of Housing and Public Services FS and CD Feasibility Study and Conceptual Design LIST OF CONTENT ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ..................................................................................... 2 LIST OF CONTENT ..................................................................................................................... 3 LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... 6 LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................................................... 6 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 7 1.1. INFORMATION ABOUT THE PROJECT AND THE PROJECT TARGETS .......... 7 1.2. APPLICATION OF ESIA PROCEDURES FOR THE ISWMP ................................. 9 1.3. PURPOSE OF THE PROJECT ................................................................................. 10 1.4. THE PROJECT STRUCTURE .................................................................................. 10 1.5. THE PROJECT DESCRIPTION ............................................................................... 11 1.5.1. Removal of waste ......................................................................................... 12 1.5.2. Site closure / rehabilitation .......................................................................... 13 2. THE LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ................................................... 15 2.1. APLICATION OF WB’s SAFETY POLICY FOR THE PROJECT ....................... 15 2.2. EUROPIAN REGULATION ON WASTE MANAGEMENT AND ESIA ............. 17 2.2.1 EU Waste Management Legislation ............................................................. 17 2.2.2. EC Regulations Related to EIA and Environmental Permitting .................. 19 2.3. OVERALL RELEVANT AZERBAIJAN LEGISLATION ....................................... 19 2.4. LEGAL FRAMEWORK OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ......................................... 21 2.4.1. COMMENTARY TO THE CORRESPONDING LEGISLATION ............ 21 2.4.1.1. “Law on the Environmental Protection” of Republic of Azerbaijan ........ 22 2.4.1.2. The Law of Republic of Azerbaijan "On Industrial and Domestic wastes" ................................................................................................................................ 22 2.4.1.3. "Rules of regulating the settlement areas in accordance with the sanitary rules, hygienic and ecological normatives, temporary storage, regular transportation and processing of domestic waste” ................................................. 25 2.4.1.4. Rules of determination of the charges for collection, placement, use and disposal of wastes .................................................................................................. 25 2.4.1.5. Classification of Waste ............................................................................ 26 2.5. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK IN THE AREA OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ........................................................................................................................................... 26 2.6. REGULATORY STANDARDS AND RULES ......................................................... 29 2.7. NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT POLICY AND LEGISLATION ....... 30 2.8. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN DISCUSSION OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES . 32 2.8.1. Non-govermen organizations (NGOs) ......................................................... 32 3. CURRENT ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................................... 33 3.1. THE CLIMATIC PECULIARITIES AND ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTION ............ 33 3.1.1. The climatic peculiarities ............................................................................. 33 3.1.2. Atmospheric air pollution status .................................................................. 35 3.2. GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE .................................................................................. 36 3.3. HYDROLOGY ........................................................................................................... 36 3.4. HYDROGEOLOGY ................................................................................................... 37 3.5. LANDSCAPES and SOILS ........................................................................................ 39 3.5.1. Landscapes ................................................................................................... 40 3.5.2. Soils .............................................................................................................. 41 3.5.3. Contamination status of soils ....................................................................... 42 3.6. FLORA AND VEGETATION ................................................................................... 42 3.6.1. FLORA ........................................................................................................ 42 3.6.2. VEGETATION ............................................................................................ 43 3.7. FAUNA ....................................................................................................................... 44 3.8. SPECIALLY PROTECTED NATURE AREAS ....................................................... 44 3.8.1. State Nature Reserve of Baku and the Absheron Peninsula Mud Volcanoes Group ..................................................................................................................... 45 3.8.2. Absheron National Park ............................................................................... 47 3.8.3. Binagadi State Paleontological Nature Monument ...................................... 48 3.9. THE SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF GREATER BAKU .. 48 3.10. THE RESULTS OF THE SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY CONDUCTED AMONG THE GREATER BAKU RESIDENTS ............................................................................. 55 3.11 Monument of historical, cultural and religious value ................................................ 58 4. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ............................................................................................. 61 4.1. OPEN DUMPS PROBLEMS ..................................................................................... 61 4.2. IDENTIFICATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ............................... 63 4.2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 63 4.2.2. Types of Impacts .......................................................................................... 63 4.2.2.1. Biophysical impact .................................................................................... 63 4.2.2.2 Social-economic impact ............................................................................. 64 4.2.2.3. Cultural impact .......................................................................................... 64 4.2.3 Nature of impacts .......................................................................................... 64 4.2.4. Characterization of dump sites project impact as a function of weaknesses ................................................................................................................................ 65 4.3. THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT ............................................. 67 4.3.1. Assessment of unauthorised dump sites impact on the environment ......... 67 4.3.1.1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 67 4.3.1.2. Results of assessment of UDP impact on the environment .................... 68 4.3.1.3. The ecological assessment of the existing status of unauthorised dump sites and the project design proposals for closing/eliminating the sites ................ 75 4.3.2. The environmental impact of the project .................................................... 97 4.3.2.1. Potential positive environmental and social impacts of the project .......... 97 4.3.2.2. Potential negative environmental and social impact of the project .......... 97 4.4. THE ENVIRONMENTAL AND