Mapping Conservation Investments
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Kluyveromyces Aestuarii, a Potential Environmental Quality Indicator Yeast for Mangroves in the State of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
Brazilian Journal of Microbiology (2011) 42: 954-958 ISSN 1517-8382 KLUYVEROMYCES AESTUARII, A POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY INDICATOR YEAST FOR MANGROVES IN THE STATE OF RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL Araujo, F.V.1*, Hagler, A. N. 2 1Faculdade de Formação de Professores, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, São Gonçalo, RJ, Brasil; 2Instituto de Microbiologia Professor Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. Submitted: November 27, 2010; Returned to authors for corrections: January 18, 2011; Approved: May 16, 2011. ABSTRACT Kluyveromyces aestuarii was found in sediments from 7 of 8 mangroves in Rio de Janeiro; and absent only at one site with heavy plastic bag pollution. Its presence suggests influence in other habitats from a mangrove and its absence in a mangrove suggests some non- fecal pollution or other habitat alteration. Key words: Kluyveromyces aestuarii; mangroves; environmental indicator Estuaries have more yeast cells per volume and also ecological role in iron cycle in estuaries. Kluyveromyces greater richness of species than adjacent aquatic areas (10, 28). aestuarii also produces this pigment in its ascospores and can Some yeasts have been isolated mostly from these often be noted on isolation plates by the pink to deep ochre environments, especially in mangrove forests of tropical and color frequently formed in colonies (18). Yeasts in mangrove subtropical estuaries and temperate salt marshes. ecosystems may play an important role in the detrital food web Scheffersomyces spartinae has been reported under the name in that they may be a food source for some marine Pichia spartinae from southeastern U. -
Diversity and Endemism of Woody Plant Species in the Equatorial Pacific Seasonally Dry Forests
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Springer - Publisher Connector Biodivers Conserv (2010) 19:169–185 DOI 10.1007/s10531-009-9713-4 ORIGINAL PAPER Diversity and endemism of woody plant species in the Equatorial Pacific seasonally dry forests Reynaldo Linares-Palomino Æ Lars Peter Kvist Æ Zhofre Aguirre-Mendoza Æ Carlos Gonzales-Inca Received: 7 October 2008 / Accepted: 10 August 2009 / Published online: 16 September 2009 Ó The Author(s) 2009. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract The biodiversity hotspot of the Equatorial Pacific region in western Ecuador and northwestern Peru comprises the most extensive seasonally dry forest formations west of the Andes. Based on a recently assembled checklist of the woody plants occurring in this region, we analysed their geographical and altitudinal distribution patterns. The montane seasonally dry forest region (at an altitude between 1,000 and 1,100 m, and the smallest in terms of area) was outstanding in terms of total species richness and number of endemics. The extensive seasonally dry forest formations in the Ecuadorean and Peruvian lowlands and hills (i.e., forests below 500 m altitude) were comparatively much more species poor. It is remarkable though, that there were so many fewer collections in the Peruvian departments and Ecuadorean provinces with substantial mountainous areas, such as Ca- jamarca and Loja, respectively, indicating that these places have a potentially higher number of species. We estimate that some form of protected area (at country, state or private level) is currently conserving only 5% of the approximately 55,000 km2 of remaining SDF in the region, and many of these areas protect vegetation at altitudes below 500 m altitude. -
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_ ---------- -i _l_ - ________ _ _ .. ~~~_._.G=.:_.__ _ _ ._.._,_,___,_____ _,_,o_ssw__ r____I_____.-- ,.................. ,,. 15_ j s - -- ,,.nn......................................... == -- -_: _: . -. - . = -- LO NI~~~- Public Disclosure Authorized CIP)~~ ~ ~~- = I 7 i s s s Public Disclosure Authorized - i, z 2. L ~LLj t1~ t !- (9~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~L Public Disclosure Authorized 0E 0 . _ - . _ _ - . r~ ~ ~ ~ .. Public Disclosure Authorized . I''U' "71111 ;:01i11:Ii 1^/]N: 1 I 1 HO1riON INVESTMENTS: I diversity Funding in H i J the Caribbean I ( Z t rt .I 'I ussell, L. Cornwell and E. Fajer zI[ EN BIODIVERSIDAD)? 11i. lEvwili I liento para la Biodiversidad ri c I 1:i na y el Caribe (: ( Linv c ) 1 Russell, L. Cornwell y E. Fajer 35111 Biodiversity Support Program Washington, DC 'l t 1 DII" World Bank -~W .~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~. IA11I.E (! ) iTi NTrs TABLA DE CONTENIDOS Ackrio' v eil I ntsri 5 Reconocimientos 5 Exerut ve r via ryt 7 Resumen Ejecutivo 7 I i -,)du I c- to Introduccion Io 're\ c:l', ( ' w tion Funri v k ;essn mnt 12 Evaluaciones Previas sobre Financiamiento Bloc vn r! j r dme Asscs i 1 i i )r LA 13 para la Conservaci6n 12 Evaluacion del Financiamiento para la Mle t iod i 14 Biodiversidad en LAC 13 Metodos '4 Info nia: ( ^ llected 14 Encuesta 14 IPot( ] la ii m-sof Errot 15 Informacion Recolectada 14 Re5zu Its et id t ssicn 1 Fuentes Potenciales de Error 15 Gen r:il t .I s i6 Resultados y Discusi6n 16 Fun itig 1 nor Type 20 Resultados Generales i6 Funi itig ) r jecl Caategoi 21 Financiamiento por Tipo de Donante 20 -
Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) – 2009-2012 Version Available for Download From
Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) – 2009-2012 version Available for download from http://www.ramsar.org/ris/key_ris_index.htm. Categories approved by Recommendation 4.7 (1990), as amended by Resolution VIII.13 of the 8th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2002) and Resolutions IX.1 Annex B, IX.6, IX.21 and IX. 22 of the 9th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2005). Notes for compilers: 1. The RIS should be completed in accordance with the attached Explanatory Notes and Guidelines for completing the Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands. Compilers are strongly advised to read this guidance before filling in the RIS. 2. Further information and guidance in support of Ramsar site designations are provided in the Strategic Framework and guidelines for the future development of the List of Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Wise Use Handbook 14, 3rd edition). A 4th edition of the Handbook is in preparation and will be available in 2009. 3. Once completed, the RIS (and accompanying map(s)) should be submitted to the Ramsar Secretariat. Compilers should provide an electronic (MS Word) copy of the RIS and, where possible, digital copies of all maps. 1. Name and address of the compiler of this form: FOR OFFICE USE ONLY. DD MM YY Beatriz de Aquino Ribeiro - Bióloga - Analista Ambiental / [email protected], (95) Designation date Site Reference Number 99136-0940. Antonio Lisboa - Geógrafo - MSc. Biogeografia - Analista Ambiental / [email protected], (95) 99137-1192. Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade - ICMBio Rua Alfredo Cruz, 283, Centro, Boa Vista -RR. CEP: 69.301-140 2. -
SOUTH AMERICAN NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS, STATUS of Philip M
SOUTH AMERICAN NATURAL ECOSYSTEMS, STATUS OF Philip M. Fearnside National Institute for Research in the Amazon (INPA) I. Original Extent of Terrestrial Ecosystems ilar general structure, climatic regimes, major eco- II. Present Extent of Terrestrial Ecosystems logical processes, ͱ diversity, and flora and fauna III. Human Use of Converted Areas with similar guild structures and life histories. IV. Human Use of Remaining Natural Habitats V. Threats to Remaining Natural Habitats VI. Status of Protected Areas VII. Priorities for Conservation THE TERM ECOREGION, as used in this article, refers to ‘‘natural’’ ecological systems, or terrestrial and aquatic areas as they were when Europeans first arrived in the GLOSSARY New World. The original extent of natural ecoregions is presented, grouped by bioregion, major habitat type, bioregion One of six biogeographic divisions of South and major ecosystem type. The definitions of these America consisting of contiguous ecoregions. Biore- terms, given in the Glossary, are taken from Dinerstein gions are delimited to better address the biogeo- et al. (1995); the rating codes are given in the footnotes graphic distinctiveness of ecoregions. to the table. Indications of the extent of remaining ecoregion A geographically distinct assemblage of nat- natural ecosystems, the threats to their continued exis- ural communities that share a large majority of their tence, and the status of protected areas are discussed, species and ecological dynamics, share similar envi- together with priorities for conservation. ronmental conditions, and interact ecologically in ways that are critical for their long-term persistence. ecosystem A set of interacting living and nonliving I. ORIGINAL EXTENT OF components in a defined geographic space. -
Lowland Rainforests
Glime, J. M. 2019. Tropics: Lowland Rainforests. Chapt. 8-7. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 4. Habitat and Role. 8-7-1 Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. Last updated 22 July 2020 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology4/>. CHAPTER 8-7 TROPICS: LOWLAND RAINFORESTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Lowland Rainforests ........................................................................................................................................... 8-7-2 Amazonia Lowlands ............................................................................................................................................ 8-7-7 Terra Firme ................................................................................................................................................ 8-7-11 Dense Forest ....................................................................................................................................... 8-7-14 Open Forest without Palms ................................................................................................................. 8-7-14 Open Forest with Palms ...................................................................................................................... 8-7-14 Liana Forest ........................................................................................................................................ 8-7-16 Dry Forest .......................................................................................................................................... -
Caribbean Islands
The Bahamas Havana Cuba Camaguey Dominican Republic Santiago Santiago de Cuba Port-au-Prince San Juan Santo Domingo Kingston Haiti Mexico Jamaica Puerto Rico Venezuela Kilometers 0 250 500 1,000 CARIBBEAN ISLANDS Caribbean Islands Hotspot 260,671 km2 Neighboring Hotspot BIODIVERSITY TARGET Protected Area (IUCN Category I-IV) 2020 TARGET: 17% protected Protected Area (IUCN Category V-VI) 2015: 17.6% PROTECTED Protected Area (IUCN Category NA) 7.1% I-IV Urban Area 6.3% V-VI 4.2% NA Agriculture (0-100% landuse) Roads Railroads CARIBBEAN ISLANDS ECOREGIONS Shortfall Assessment to reach Target of 17% protected land in each terrestrial ecoregion 15 16 11 12 9 10 8 17 13 2 20 14 7 18 19 3 5 1 4 6 Antigua & Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe (France), Martinique Kilometers 0 100 200 400 600 800 (France),1,000 Saint Barthélemy (France), Grenada, Jamaica, Aruba (The Netherlands), Caribbean Netherlands (The Netherlands), Curaçao (The Netherlands), Saint Kitts & Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent & the Grenadines, Trinidad & Toboga, Anguilla (UK),British Virgin Islands (UK), Cayman Islands (UK), Monserrat (UK), Puerto Rico (USA), US Virgin Islands (USA) 5 BIOMES Deserts & Xeric Shrublands Flood Grasslands & Savanna Mangroves Tropical & Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests Tropical & Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests 20 ECOREGIONS ENDEMIC PLANT SPECIES 6,550 Kilometers ENDEMIC ANIMAL SPECIES 0 250 500 1,000 908 1. Windward Island Moist Forests 5. Leeward Island Moist Forests Target reached Target reached 6. Amazon Orinoco Southern Caribbean Mangroves To reach Aichi Target of 17% + 43 km2 protected areas 2. Puerto Rican Moist Forests 2,022 km2 remnant habitat To reach Aichi Target of 17% + 905 km2 protected areas 7. -
Climate Change Risk Assessment Report: Portland Bight Protected Area
Climate Change Risk Assessment Report: Portland Bight Protected Area Prepared by Climate Studies Group, Mona (Jamaica) University of the West Indies For: Caribbean Coastal Areas Management Foundation (C-CAM) April 2013 ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT This report will form one of five deliverables of a consultancy awarded by the Caribbean Coastal Areas Management Foundation (C-CAM) to the Climate Studies Group, Mona (CSGM). It is an assessment of the physical and socio-economic vulnerabilities of the Portland Bight Protected Area (PBPA) due to climate threats. The analysis was carried out through reviews of existing relevant literature, limited analysis of climate variables for the region and surveys conducted among some residents of the PBPA. The original Terms of Reference is provided in the appendices. Within the context of the Terms of Reference, the objectives of this report are interpreted to be: (a) To describe what is known about the climatic conditions of the Portland Bight Protected Area. (b) To describe the climatic hazards to which the PBPA is exposed and the impact of climate change. (c) To examine the risk posed by the climatic hazards to the biodiversity of the PBPA. (d) To do the above, where possible for the entire PBPA, but with an emphasis on the two dry forest regions of Hellshire Hills and Portland Ridge. (e) To provide any additional climatic data as appropriate to support vulnerability analyses of the PBPA and the creation of a robust long term and sustainable adaptation management plan for the PBPA. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project was implemented by the C-CAMF with funding from the Critical Ecosystems Partnership Fund. -
Jaguars As Landscape Detectives for the Conservation of Atlantic Forests in Brazil
Jaguars as Landscape Detectives for the Conservation of Atlantic Forests in Brazil by Laury Cullen Jr. Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Biodiversity Management Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE) University of Kent Canterbury November 2006 ii Dedication In dedication to the loving memory of my father Laury Cullen (1934-2002) (Photo by Laury Cullen Jr.) “ the jaguar was sent to the world as a test of the will and integrity of first humans” (Colombian indigenous myth, Davis 1996) iii Abstract In this thesis, I show how the jaguar Panthera onca can be used as a landscape detective. A landscape detective is defined as a species that helps determine how to manage landscapes and to design and manage protected area networks. Life history and behavioural features of jaguar make them potentially suitable as landscape species. The main aim of this study is to use the jaguar as a landscape detective to develop a network of core protected areas for the Upper Paraná Region, which lies in the highly threatened Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Information was collected on jaguar density and home range, which was combined with habitat requirements of the species and GIS-generated maps of land cover to develop a map of habitat suitability. This map was used to understand the spatial structure of the jaguar metapopulation, identifying habitat patches of high suitability where jaguar populations exist and are likely to survive over the long-term. Camera trapping and capture-recapture models were used to derive jaguar population size in Morro do Diabo State Park (MDSP). -
Non-Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Recent Sediments of Sepetiba and Ilha Grande Bays, Brazil J
J. Braz. Chem. Soc., Vol. 19, No. 3, 516-527, 2008. Printed in Brazil - ©2008 Sociedade Brasileira de Química 0103 - 5053 $6.00+0.00 Non-Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Recent Sediments of Sepetiba and Ilha Grande Bays, Brazil Luis H. M. Figueiredo,b Angela de L. R. Wagener,*,a Jacques Dagautc and Alain Saliotc Article a Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, 22453-900 Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil b Departamento de Oceanografia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, sala 4018 E, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil c Laboratoire LOCEAN, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, IPSL/UPMC/UMR CNRS n° 7159, Tour 46-00, Case Courrier 100, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75252 Paris cedex 05, France Realizou-se uma investigação nas Baías de Ilha Grande e de Sepetiba sobre a natureza dos hidrocarbonetos não-aromáticos (NAH) em seus sedimentos. A mistura complexa não resolvida (UCM) constituiu de 50 a 90% da concentração dos NAH, que variou entre 2,5 µg g-1 e 193,8 µg g-1. Na maior parte das amostras a distribuição dos n-alcanos foi unimodal com predomínio de compostos de número ímpar de átomos de carbono e máximos em nC29 e nC31. Monolefinas ocorreram em baixas concentrações, enquanto as poliolefinas, incluindo isoprenoides ramificados e esqualeno, variaram entre 0,099 µg g-1 e 1,387 µg g-1, com os baixos valores relativos aos NAH surgindo em áreas de forte influência continental e antrópica. C27 - C33 hopanos foram encontrados em todas as amostras, assim como houve predominância da configuração 17A(H),21B(H), característica de origem petrogênica. -
Novelties in Rapatea (Rapateaceae) from Colombia Gerardo A
Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat. 40(157):644-652, octubre-diciembre de 2016 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18257/raccefyn.403 Artículo original Ciencias Naturales Novelties in Rapatea (Rapateaceae) from Colombia Gerardo A. Aymard C.1,2,*, Henry Arellano-Peña1,3 1Compensation International Progress S. A. –Ciprogress Greenlife– , Bogotá, Colombia 2UNELLEZ-Guanare, Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar, Herbario Universitario (PORT), Mesa de Cavacas, Estado Portuguesa, Venezuela 3Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales,Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia Abstract Rapatea isanae, from the upper Isana [Içana] river, Guianía Department, Colombia, is described and illustrated, and its morphological relationships with allied species are discussed. This taxon is remarkable for Rapatea in its small stature (15–30 cm tall) and leaves, and it is only the second species with white petals in a genus that otherwise has only yellow petals. It is most closely R. spruceana, with the base of the leaf blade gradually tapering from the intergrading into the petiole, and the bractlet of the spikelet and sepal shape. However, this new species differs from R. spruceana in its shorter size, sparse verrucose on the lower surface, the length of the attenuate portion of the involucral bracts, and the shape and color of the petals. It also has similarities to R. longipes and R. modesta in its ventricose sheath-leaf, inflorescence shape, and bractlets equal in length. A previously described species from Colombia is restablished (i.e., R. modesta), and one variety is elevated to the rank of species (i.e., R. -
Banning Goats Could Exacerbate Deforestation of the Ecuadorian Dry Forest – How the Effectiveness of Conservation Payments Is Influenced by Productive Use Options
2016 Vol. 70 · No. 1 · 49–67 BANNING GOATS COULD EXACERBATE DEFORESTATION OF THE ECUADORIAN DRY FOREST – HOW THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CONSERVATION PAYMENTS IS INFLUENCED BY PRODUCTIVE USE OPTIONS W. SANTIAGO OCHOA M., CAROLA PAUL, LUZ MARÍA CASTRO, LIZ VALLE and THOMAS KNOKE With 5 figures, 3 tables and appendix Received 13 July 2015 · Accepted 16 December 2015 Summary: Due to ongoing conversion of the dry forests of southern Ecuador to pasture and farmland, they are among the most threatened ecosystems globally. This study explored how to control deforestation in the region while securing the livelihoods of local people through land-use diversification and compensation payments. Results are based on interview data collected from 163 households near the Laipuna Reserve in southern Ecuador. Combining modern financial theory and von Thünen’s theory of land distribution, we optimized land-use shares of two types of forest management (banning and allow- ing goat grazing) and three crops (maize, beans and peanuts). Land-use portfolios were calculated for four different farm sizes, represented by the quartiles of the farm size distribution. We found that goat grazing was important for diversifying farm income and reducing financial risks for all farm sizes. However, forest area would still be converted to cropland under the current financial coefficients. The amount of compensation needed to maintain current forest cover was calculated for two different scenarios: 1) banning goat grazing and 2) allowing forest use where the farmer could decide how much for- est area would be allocated to each land-use option. Offering financial compensation for forest preservation (Scenario 1) reduced deforestation but would still lead to a conversion of at least 23 % of current forests to croplands.