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New Species Discoveries in the Amazon 2014-15

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WORKINGWORKING TOGETHERTOGETHER TO TO SHARE SCIENTIFICSCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIESDISCOVERIES UPDATE AND COMPILATION OF THE LIST UNTOLD TREASURES: NEW SPECIES DISCOVERIES IN THE AMAZON 2014-15 WWF is one of the world’s largest and most experienced independent conservation organisations, WWF Living Amazon Initiative Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável with over five million supporters and a global network active in more than 100 countries. WWF’s Mamirauá (Mamirauá Institute of Leader mission is to stop the degradation of the planet’s natural environment and to build a future Sustainable Development) Sandra Charity in which humans live in harmony with nature, by conserving the world’s biological diversity, General director ensuring that the use of renewable natural resources is sustainable, and promoting the reduction Communication coordinator Helder Lima de Queiroz of pollution and wasteful consumption. Denise Oliveira Administrative director Consultant in communication WWF-Brazil is a Brazilian NGO, part of an international network, and committed to the Joyce de Souza conservation of nature within a Brazilian social and economic context, seeking to strengthen Mariana Gutiérrez the environmental movement and to engage society in nature conservation. In August 2016, the Technical scientific director organization celebrated 20 years of conservation work in the country. WWF Amazon regional coordination João Valsecchi do Amaral Management and development director The Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá (IDSM – Mamirauá Coordinator Isabel Soares de Sousa Institute for Sustainable Development) was established in April 1999. It is a civil society Tarsicio Granizo organization that is supported and supervised by the Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation, and Communications, and is one of Brazil’s major research centres. From the start, the Mamirauá WWF-Brazil Institute for Sustainable Development has conducted activities through research, management Science programme coordinator and technical assistance programmes in protected areas in the Amazon. Its mission is to promote Mariana Napolitano Ferreira scientific research on the biodiversity, management and conservation of the natural resources of the Amazon in a participatory and sustainable manner. Amazon programme coordinator Ricardo Mello UPDATE AND COMPILATION OF THE LIST This is a technical, scientific report prepared by the Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development at the request of the WWF Living Amazon Initiative. Front cover image: Adriano Gambarini/WWF-Brasil Maps: Mamirauá Institute of Sustainable Development Suggested citation: UNTOLD TREASURES: & Science Programme, WWF-Brazil Valsecchi, J., Marmontel, M., Franco, C.L.B., Cavalcante, D.P., COBRA, I.V.D., Lima, I.J., Lanna, J.M., Ferreira, M.T.M., Nassar, P.M., Botero-Arias, R. and Monteiro,V. Graphic edition: Supernova Design Update and compilation of the list untold treasures: new species discoveries in the Amazon 2014-15. WWF Living Amazon Initiative (Denise Oliveira and Sandra Charity), WWF-Brazil Published in 2017 by WWF - World Wildlife Fund (formerly Worldwide Fund for Nature), NEW SPECIES DISCOVERIES (Jorge Eduardo Dantas and Mariana Gutiérrez), Brasília, DF and Tefé, AM: WWF and Mamiraua Gland, Switzerland. Any full or partial reproduction must mention the title and credit the authors Institute of Sustainable Development, 2017. in accordance with author property rights. IN THE AMAZON International Data for Cataloguing in Publication (CIP) N936 New species of vertebrates and plants in the Amazon: update 2014-15 and compilation of the list: 2014-2015/ WWF Brazil/ Mamirauá Institute of Sustainable Development – Brasília: WWF-Brazil, 2017. 111p.: il. ISBN 978-85-5574-035-0 1. Desenvolvimento sustentável – Amazônia. 2. Vertebrados –Amazônia. 3. Plantas- Amazônia. 4. Biodiversidade – Amazônia. 5. Fundo Mundial para a Natureza. 6. Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá. I. Título CDD 333.95 WWF AND THE MAMIRAUÁ INSTITUTE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 577.3 578.73 22.ed. Cataloguing card produced by librarian Cristyanne Uhlmann da Costa e Silva CRB-11 879. Brasília (DF) and Tefé (AM), Brazil – 2017 CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REPTILES FOREWORD 6 We would like to thank the researchers, authors and photographers Caroll Z Landauro (Ornithology and Biodiversity Centre CORBIDI, Peru) of the discoveries who collaborated with us to make this publication Jakob Hallermann (Universität Hamburg, Germany) INTRODUCTION 8 possible: John C Murphy (Field Museum of Natural History, USA) Naturalists of the 21st century 12 Luciana Vieira Cobra (Mamirauá Sustainable Development Institute, Brazil) The Tapajós Dolphin Expedition 13 FISH Peter Uetz (University of Washington, USA) Bárbara Calegari (Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Philippe JR Kok (Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Denmark) METHODOLOGY 14 Sul – PUCRS, Brazil) Carine Chamon (Zoology Museum of the University of São Paulo – BIRDS RESULTS 21 USP/ University of Brasília – UnB, Brazil) Alexandre Aleixo (Emílio Goeldi Museum, Brazil) Society as scientists 25 Dalton Nielsen (University of Taubaté, Brazil) Bret Whitney (Louisiana State University, USA) Flávio Lima (Zoology Museum of the Campinas State University Fabio Schunck (University of São Paulo – USP, Brazil) CONCLUSIONS 27 “Adão José Cardoso”, Brazil) Gabriel Leite (National Institute for Amazon Research – INPA, Brazil) Gabriel Deprá (Maringá State University, Brazil) Mario Cohn-Haft (National Institute for Amazon Research – INPA, Brazil) SUMMARY OF THE NEW SPECIES 2014-15 Graciete do Socorro da Silva Rolim (Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development, Brazil) MAMMALS AND UPDATE OF THE 2010-13 LIST 30 Felipe Ennes Silva (Mamirauá, Brazil) Henrique Lazzarotto (Federal University of Rio de Janeiro – UFRJ, Brazil) Fish 32 Gabriel Melo Alves dos Santos (Federal University of Pará – UFPA, Brazil) Henrique Varella (Biosciences Institute of the University of São Paulo – USP, Brazil) Plants 38 José de Sousa e Silva Júnior (Zoology Coordinator, Emílio Goeldi Museum, João Pedro Fontenelle (University of Toronto Scarborough, Canada) Brazil) Birds 39 Jonas Alves de Oliveira (Mamirauá, Brazil) Julio César Dalponte (Mato Grosso State University and Institute for Conservation José Luís Birindelli (Londrina State University, Brazil) Reptiles 42 of Neotropical Carnivores - Pro-Carnivores, Brazil) Luiz Antonio Wanderley Peixoto (Zoology Museum of the University of Leonardo Kerber (Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil) Mammals 52 São Paulo – USP, Brazil) Renata Floriano da Cunha (Federal University of Paraná – UFPR, Brazil) Amphibians 54 Mark H. Sabaj Pérez (The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, USA) Tomas Hrbek (Federal University of Amazonas – UFAM, Brazil) Oliver Lucanus (Below Water Pictures, Canada) Waleska Gravena (National Institute for Amazon Research – INPA, Brazil) REFERENCES 58 Tiago Carvalho (University of Louisiana at Lafayette, USA) AMPHIBIANS PLANTS ANNEX I 61 Tiina Sarkinen (Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, UK) Evan Twomey (East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA) List of new species in the period 2014-15 Francisco Brusquetti (São Paulo State University, Brazil) SUPPORTERS AND SPONSORS ANNEX II 97 Philippe JR Kok (Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Denmark) This publication was produced with the support of the communications and Ricardo Alexandre Kawashita-Ribeiro (Federal University of West entertainment company Sky, United Kingdom – which, along with WWF-Brazil, Update of the species described in the period 2010-2013 Pará – UFOPA, Brazil) developed the Sky Rainforest Rescue project and helped conserve one billion trees Thiago Ribeiro de Carvalho (Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil) in the Brazilian state of Acre between 2009 and 2015. Page 4 Untold Treasures: New Species Discoveries in the Amazon FOREWORD Amazing Amazonian species are yet to be discovered by science and protected. An increasing number of by WWF-Brazil, under the scientific leadership of biologist Júlio César FOREWORD scientific discoveries are allowing Dalponte, from the Mato Grosso State University – UNEMAT. researchers and institutions to In 2015, the species was described by Dalponte together with gradually unveil the biodiversity researchers from the MISD and of the Emílio Goeldi Museum in Pará. in the Amazon. This is what this report on Untold treasures: Although scientists tend to expect to find new species in the Amazon New species discoveries in the Amazon 2014-15 shows. The region, Dalponte was surprised to find such distinctive-looking and publication was developed by the Living Amazon Initiative of the striking primate there. How could it have remained unknown to WWF Network and by the Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável science for so long? (Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development (MISD), with the support of WWF-Brazil and WWF-UK. Over these two years, 381 new Just like the fire-tailed titi monkey (or Milton’s titi), other wondrous species were described in the Amazon region, including 216 plants, 93 species remain to be discovered, and subsequently protected. fish, 32 amphibians, 19 reptiles, 1 bird, and 20 mammals (2 of which are fossils). This publication is the result of hard work done by the team from the Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá (Mamirauá Despite these many new discoveries, the largest tropical forest in the Sustainable Development Institute), which, at the request of WWF’s world remains a mystery in many ways owing to its vast size and to Living
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    Systematics and evolution of the genus Pleurothallis R. Br. (Orchidaceae) in the Greater Antilles DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) im Fach Biologie eingereicht an der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin von Diplom-Biologe Hagen Stenzel geb. 05.10.1967 in Berlin Präsident der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Prof. Dr. J. Mlynek Dekan der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I Prof. Dr. M. Linscheid Gutachter/in: 1. Prof. Dr. E. Köhler 2. HD Dr. H. Dietrich 3. Prof. Dr. J. Ackerman Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 06.02.2004 Pleurothallis obliquipetala Acuña & Schweinf. Für Jakob und Julius, die nichts unversucht ließen, um das Zustandekommen dieser Arbeit zu verhindern. Zusammenfassung Die antillanische Flora ist eine der artenreichsten der Erde. Trotz jahrhundertelanger floristischer Forschung zeigen jüngere Studien, daß der Archipel noch immer weiße Flecken beherbergt. Das trifft besonders auf die Familie der Orchideen zu, deren letzte Bearbeitung für Cuba z.B. mehr als ein halbes Jahrhundert zurückliegt. Die vorliegende Arbeit basiert auf der lang ausstehenden Revision der Orchideengattung Pleurothallis R. Br. für die Flora de Cuba. Mittels weiterer morphologischer, palynologischer, molekulargenetischer, phytogeographischer und ökologischer Untersuchungen auch eines Florenteils der anderen Großen Antillen wird die Genese der antillanischen Pleurothallis-Flora rekonstruiert. Der Archipel umfaßt mehr als 70 Arten dieser Gattung, wobei die Zahlen auf den einzelnen Inseln sehr verschieden sind: Cuba besitzt 39, Jamaica 23, Hispaniola 40 und Puerto Rico 11 Spezies. Das Zentrum der Diversität liegt im montanen Dreieck Ost-Cuba – Jamaica – Hispaniola, einer Region, die 95 % der antillanischen Arten beherbergt, wovon 75% endemisch auf einer der Inseln sind.
  • Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) 2020 Brazil

    Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) 2020 Brazil

    Report Brazil Rome, 2020 FRA 2020 report, Brazil FAO has been monitoring the world's forests at 5 to 10 year intervals since 1946. The Global Forest Resources Assessments (FRA) are now produced every five years in an attempt to provide a consistent approach to describing the world's forests and how they are changing. The FRA is a country-driven process and the assessments are based on reports prepared by officially nominated National Correspondents. If a report is not available, the FRA Secretariat prepares a desk study using earlier reports, existing information and/or remote sensing based analysis. This document was generated automatically using the report made available as a contribution to the FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment 2020, and submitted to FAO as an official government document. The content and the views expressed in this report are the responsibility of the entity submitting the report to FAO. FAO cannot be held responsible for any use made of the information contained in this document. 2 FRA 2020 report, Brazil TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1. Forest extent, characteristics and changes 2. Forest growing stock, biomass and carbon 3. Forest designation and management 4. Forest ownership and management rights 5. Forest disturbances 6. Forest policy and legislation 7. Employment, education and NWFP 8. Sustainable Development Goal 15 3 FRA 2020 report, Brazil Introduction Report preparation and contact persons The present report was prepared by the following person(s) Name Role Email Tables Ana Laura Cerqueira Trindade Collaborator ana.trindade@florestal.gov.br All Humberto Navarro de Mesquita Junior Collaborator humberto.mesquita-junior@florestal.gov.br All Joberto Veloso de Freitas National correspondent joberto.freitas@florestal.gov.br All Introductory text Brazil holds the world’s second largest forest area and the importance of its natural forests has recognized importance at the national and global levels, both due to its extension and its associated values, such as biodiversity conservation.