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Generic and Subtribal Relationships in Neotropical Cymbidieae (Orchidaceae) Based on Matk/Ycf1 Plastid Data
LANKESTERIANA 13(3): 375—392. 2014. I N V I T E D P A P E R* GENERIC AND SUBTRIBAL RELATIONSHIPS IN NEOTROPICAL CYMBIDIEAE (ORCHIDACEAE) BASED ON MATK/YCF1 PLASTID DATA W. MARK WHITTEN1,2, KURT M. NEUBIG1 & N. H. WILLIAMS1 1Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611-7800 USA 2Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT. Relationships among all subtribes of Neotropical Cymbidieae (Orchidaceae) were estimated using combined matK/ycf1 plastid sequence data for 289 taxa. The matrix was analyzed using RAxML. Bootstrap (BS) analyses yield 100% BS support for all subtribes except Stanhopeinae (87%). Generic relationships within subtribes are highly resolved and are generally congruent with those presented in previous studies and as summarized in Genera Orchidacearum. Relationships among subtribes are largely unresolved. The Szlachetko generic classification of Maxillariinae is not supported. A new combination is made for Maxillaria cacaoensis J.T.Atwood in Camaridium. KEY WORDS: Orchidaceae, Cymbidieae, Maxillariinae, matK, ycf1, phylogenetics, Camaridium, Maxillaria cacaoensis, Vargasiella Cymbidieae include many of the showiest align nrITS sequences across the entire tribe was Neotropical epiphytic orchids and an unparalleled unrealistic due to high levels of sequence divergence, diversity in floral rewards and pollination systems. and instead to concentrate our efforts on assembling Many researchers have posed questions such as a larger plastid data set based on two regions (matK “How many times and when has male euglossine and ycf1) that are among the most variable plastid bee pollination evolved?”(Ramírez et al. 2011), or exon regions and can be aligned with minimal “How many times have oil-reward flowers evolved?” ambiguity across broad taxonomic spans. -
Pollen of Ceratostema (Ericaceae, Vaccinieae) : Tetrads Without Septa
Title Pollen of Ceratostema (Ericaceae, Vaccinieae) : tetrads without septa Author(s) Sarwar, A. K. M. Golam; Ito, Toshiaki; Takahashi, Hideki Journal of Plant Research, 119(6), 685-688 Citation https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-006-0029-0 Issue Date 2006-11 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/17220 Rights The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com Type article (author version) File Information JPR119-6.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP 1 Short Communication Pollen of Ceratostema Jussieu (Ericaceae, Vaccinieae): tetrads without septa Abstract The pollen morphology of two species of the Neotropical genus Ceratostema (Ericaceae) was examined by light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The Ceratostema species examined have 3-colporate pollen grains united in permanent tetrahedral tetrads that show a common condition encountered in the Ericaceae. But the septal exine was absent between two neighboring grains in each pollen tetrad of Ceratostema. The pollen tetrads without septa are the first report for the Ericaceae as well as other angiosperm families. Key words Ceratostema, pollen morphology, tetrad without septum Introduction Ceratostema Jussieu (Ericaceae: Vaccinioideae, Vaccinieae) is a genus composed of about 33 species of Neotropical blueberries, ranging from southern Colombia to northern Peru, with a disjunct species in Guyana (Lutyen 2002). Previously, pollen morphology of two Ceratostema species has been studied under only the scanning electron microscope (Lutyen 1978; Maguire et al. 1978), and was described as having tetrahedral tetrads, with viscin threads absent. The tetrad diameter for one species; C. glandulifera, was 22 – 23 µm, with an exine sculpture that was microverrucate to microrugulate with aperture margins and distal poles somewhat psilate. -
Mating Systems in the Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae): Evolutionary and Systematic Implications
LANKESTERIANA 11(3): 207—221. 2011. MATING SYSTEMS IN THE PLEUROTHALLIDINAE (ORCHIDACEAE): EVOLUTIONARY AND SYSTEMATIC IMPLICATIONS EDUARDO LEITE BORBA*, ARIANE RAQUEL BARBOSA, MARCOS CABRAL DE MELO, SAMUEL LOUREIRO GONTIJO & HENRIQUE ORNELLAS DE OLIVEIRA Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de MinasGerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil * Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT. We developed a project addressing the determination of the reproductive system through experimental pollinations of species in the major genera representing all major lineages of Pleurothallidinae in order to determine occurrence of self-incompatibility in the subtribe, in which group it has possibly appeared for the first time, and how many times it has evolved. Additionally we surveyed the floral biology of species ofOctomeria , a genus with morphological characters typical of bee-pollinated flowers that was previously regarded as mellitophilous. At the moment, all but one of the species studied in selected large genera of the major lineages (Acianthera, Anathallis, Masdevallia, Octomeria, Specklinia, and Stelis) are self-incompatible. The species studied may possess complete, strong or partial self-incompatibility. We found two different sites where self-incompatibility reactions occur, the stigma and the stylar channel, and both sites were not found in the same genus except for Anathallis. In Anathallis, the two groups that differ morphologically (formerly Pleurothallis subgen. Specklinia sect. Muscosae -
Systematics and Evolution of the Genus Pleurothallis R. Br
Systematics and evolution of the genus Pleurothallis R. Br. (Orchidaceae) in the Greater Antilles DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades doctor rerum naturalium (Dr. rer. nat.) im Fach Biologie eingereicht an der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin von Diplom-Biologe Hagen Stenzel geb. 05.10.1967 in Berlin Präsident der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Prof. Dr. J. Mlynek Dekan der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I Prof. Dr. M. Linscheid Gutachter/in: 1. Prof. Dr. E. Köhler 2. HD Dr. H. Dietrich 3. Prof. Dr. J. Ackerman Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 06.02.2004 Pleurothallis obliquipetala Acuña & Schweinf. Für Jakob und Julius, die nichts unversucht ließen, um das Zustandekommen dieser Arbeit zu verhindern. Zusammenfassung Die antillanische Flora ist eine der artenreichsten der Erde. Trotz jahrhundertelanger floristischer Forschung zeigen jüngere Studien, daß der Archipel noch immer weiße Flecken beherbergt. Das trifft besonders auf die Familie der Orchideen zu, deren letzte Bearbeitung für Cuba z.B. mehr als ein halbes Jahrhundert zurückliegt. Die vorliegende Arbeit basiert auf der lang ausstehenden Revision der Orchideengattung Pleurothallis R. Br. für die Flora de Cuba. Mittels weiterer morphologischer, palynologischer, molekulargenetischer, phytogeographischer und ökologischer Untersuchungen auch eines Florenteils der anderen Großen Antillen wird die Genese der antillanischen Pleurothallis-Flora rekonstruiert. Der Archipel umfaßt mehr als 70 Arten dieser Gattung, wobei die Zahlen auf den einzelnen Inseln sehr verschieden sind: Cuba besitzt 39, Jamaica 23, Hispaniola 40 und Puerto Rico 11 Spezies. Das Zentrum der Diversität liegt im montanen Dreieck Ost-Cuba – Jamaica – Hispaniola, einer Region, die 95 % der antillanischen Arten beherbergt, wovon 75% endemisch auf einer der Inseln sind. -
Partial Endoreplication Stimulates Diversification in the Species-Richest Lineage Of
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.12.091074; this version posted May 14, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Partial endoreplication stimulates diversification in the species-richest lineage of 2 orchids 1,2,6 1,3,6 1,4,5,6 1,6 3 Zuzana Chumová , Eliška Záveská , Jan Ponert , Philipp-André Schmidt , Pavel *,1,6 4 Trávníček 5 6 1Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Botany, Zámek 1, Průhonice CZ-25243, Czech Republic 7 2Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, Prague CZ-12801, Czech Republic 8 3Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria 9 4Prague Botanical Garden, Trojská 800/196, Prague CZ-17100, Czech Republic 10 5Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 5, Prague CZ- 11 12844, Czech Republic 12 13 6equal contributions 14 *corresponding author: [email protected] 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.12.091074; this version posted May 14, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 15 Abstract 16 Some of the most burning questions in biology in recent years concern differential 17 diversification along the tree of life and its causes. -
Redalyc.GENERIC RELATIONSHIPS of ZYGOPETALINAE (ORCHIDACEAE: CYMBIDIEAE): COMBINED MOLECULAR EVIDENCE
Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology ISSN: 1409-3871 [email protected] Universidad de Costa Rica Costa Rica WHITTEN, W. MARK; WILLIAMS, NORRIS H.; DRESSLER, ROBERT L.; GERLACH, GÜNTER; PUPULIN, FRANCO GENERIC RELATIONSHIPS OF ZYGOPETALINAE (ORCHIDACEAE: CYMBIDIEAE): COMBINED MOLECULAR EVIDENCE Lankesteriana International Journal on Orchidology, vol. 5, núm. 2, agosto, 2005, pp. 87- 107 Universidad de Costa Rica Cartago, Costa Rica Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=44339808001 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative LANKESTERIANA 5(2):87-107. 2005. GENERIC RELATIONSHIPS OF ZYGOPETALINAE (ORCHIDACEAE: CYMBIDIEAE): COMBINED MOLECULAR EVIDENCE W. MARK WHITTEN Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7800, USA NORRIS H. WILLIAMS1 Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7800, USA ROBERT L. DRESSLER2 Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7800, USA GÜNTER GERLACH Botanischer Garten München Nymphenburg, Menzinger Str. 65. 80638 München, Germany FRANCO PUPULIN Jardín Botánico Lankester, Universidad de Costa Rica, P.O. Box 1031-7050 Cartago, Costa Rica 1Author for correspondence: orchid@flmnh.ufl.edu 2Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, Missouri 63166-0299, U.S.A. Mailing address: 21305 NW 86th Ave., Micanopy, Florida 32667. ABSTRACT. The phylogenetic relationships of the orchid subtribe Zygopetalinae were evaluated using parsimony analyses of combined DNA sequence data of nuclear ITS 1 and 2 (including the 5.8s region and portions of the flanking 18s and 26s regions) and of the plastid trnL intron plus the trnL-F intergenic spacer and the plastid matK. -
The Orchid Flora of the Colombian Department of Valle Del Cauca Revista Mexicana De Biodiversidad, Vol
Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad ISSN: 1870-3453 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México Kolanowska, Marta The orchid flora of the Colombian Department of Valle del Cauca Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, vol. 85, núm. 2, 2014, pp. 445-462 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Distrito Federal, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42531364003 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 445-462, 2014 Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 445-462, 2014 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.32511 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.32511445 The orchid flora of the Colombian Department of Valle del Cauca La orquideoflora del departamento colombiano de Valle del Cauca Marta Kolanowska Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdańsk. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland. [email protected] Abstract. The floristic, geographical and ecological analysis of the orchid flora of the department of Valle del Cauca are presented. The study area is located in the southwestern Colombia and it covers about 22 140 km2 of land across 4 physiographic units. All analysis are based on the fieldwork and on the revision of the herbarium material. A list of 572 orchid species occurring in the department of Valle del Cauca is presented. Two species, Arundina graminifolia and Vanilla planifolia, are non-native elements of the studied orchid flora. The greatest species diversity is observed in the montane regions of the study area, especially in wet montane forest. -
Patterns in Ericaceae: New Phylogenetic Analyses
BS 55 479 Origins and biogeographic patterns in Ericaceae: New insights from recent phylogenetic analyses Kathleen A. Kron and James L. Luteyn Kron, KA. & Luteyn, J.L. 2005. Origins and biogeographic patterns in Ericaceae: New insights from recent phylogenetic analyses. Biol. Skr. 55: 479-500. ISSN 0366-3612. ISBN 87-7304-304-4. Ericaceae are a diverse group of woody plants that span the temperate and tropical regions of the world. Previous workers have suggested that Ericaceae originated in Gondwana, but recent phy logenetic studies do not support this idea. The theory of a Gondwanan origin for the group was based on the concentration of species richness in the Andes, southern Africa, and the southwest Pacific islands (most of which are thought to be of Gondwanan origin). The Andean diversity is comprised primarily of Vaccinieae with more than 800 species occurring in northern South America, Central America, and the Antilles. In the Cape Region of South Africa the genus Erica is highly diverse with over 600 species currently recognized. In the southwest Pacific islands, Vac cinieae and Rhodoreae are very diverse with over 290 species of Rhododendron (sect. Vireya) and approximately 500 species of Vaccinieae (I)imorphanthera, Paphia, Vaccinium). Recent phyloge netic studies have also shown that the Styphelioideae (formerly Epacridaceae) are included within Ericaceae, thus adding a fourth extremely diverse group (approximately 520 species) in areas considered Gondwanan in origin. Phylogenetic studies of the family on a global scale, how ever, have indicated that these highly diverse “Gondwanan” groups are actually derived from within Ericaceae. Both Fitch parsimony character optimization (using MacClade 4.0) and disper- sal-vicariance analysis (DIVA) indicate that Ericaceae is Laurasian in origin. -
Epilist 1.0: a Global Checklist of Vascular Epiphytes
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2021 EpiList 1.0: a global checklist of vascular epiphytes Zotz, Gerhard ; Weigelt, Patrick ; Kessler, Michael ; Kreft, Holger ; Taylor, Amanda Abstract: Epiphytes make up roughly 10% of all vascular plant species globally and play important functional roles, especially in tropical forests. However, to date, there is no comprehensive list of vas- cular epiphyte species. Here, we present EpiList 1.0, the first global list of vascular epiphytes based on standardized definitions and taxonomy. We include obligate epiphytes, facultative epiphytes, and hemiepiphytes, as the latter share the vulnerable epiphytic stage as juveniles. Based on 978 references, the checklist includes >31,000 species of 79 plant families. Species names were standardized against World Flora Online for seed plants and against the World Ferns database for lycophytes and ferns. In cases of species missing from these databases, we used other databases (mostly World Checklist of Selected Plant Families). For all species, author names and IDs for World Flora Online entries are provided to facilitate the alignment with other plant databases, and to avoid ambiguities. EpiList 1.0 will be a rich source for synthetic studies in ecology, biogeography, and evolutionary biology as it offers, for the first time, a species‐level overview over all currently known vascular epiphytes. At the same time, the list represents work in progress: species descriptions of epiphytic taxa are ongoing and published life form information in floristic inventories and trait and distribution databases is often incomplete and sometimes evenwrong. -
A Biography of G. Argent
EDINBURGH JOURNAL OF BOTANY 77 (3): 311–335 (2020) 311 © Trustees of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (2020) doi: 10.1017/S0960428620000141 A BIOGRAPHY OF G. ARGENT P. WILKIE,T.CONLON &G.HARDY A biographic summary of the research of Dr Graham Charles George Argent (born 15 May 1941, died 24 April 2019) is presented, summarising his research career. Expedition information, including dates, collection number series and the names of collaborators, is given, as is a list of his publications, annotated with taxonomic decisions and the names of new species described within them. Keywords. Argent, expeditions, new species, publications, Rhododendron, Vireya. I NTRODUCTION In the previous volume of the Edinburgh Journal of Botany, a short note (Wilkie, 2019b) was published to commemorate Dr Graham Charles George Argent, who died on 24 April 2019. In that, it was indicated that a more detailed account of his scientific activities and outputs would be published in the next volume of the journal. Several obituaries have been published, giving a more personal perspective on his life (Anonymous, 2019a; Anonymous, 2019b; Mair & Thompson, 2019; Rouse, 2019; Schepker, 2019; Steven, 2019; Wilkie, 2019a). Here, we have collated as much factual information about his travels, collections and publications as has been possible, so that this paper can act as a reference to those who may wish to build on his research. B ACKGROUND Known as George to the botanical community, he was appointed as tropical botanist on the staff of the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh (RBGE) on 7 January 1974. After completing an undergraduate degree in botany from the University of Leicester (1963), he obtained a Ph.D. -
Lepanthes Elizabethae (Pleurothallidinae, Orchidaceae), a New Species from Colombia
Phytotaxa 79 (2): 58–62 (2013) ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.79.2.2 Lepanthes elizabethae (Pleurothallidinae, Orchidaceae), a new species from Colombia OSCAR ALEJANDRO PÉREZ-ESCOBAR1, MARTA KOLANOWSKA2 & EDICSON PARRA-SÁNCHEZ3 1Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Menzinger Straβe 67, D–80 638, Munich, Germany; email: [email protected] 2Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80–308 Gdańsk, Poland 3Facultad de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 45 No 26–85, Bogotá, Colombia Introduction With over 800 species, Lepanthes Swartz (1799: 85) is one of the largest genera in Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae). It ranges from southern Mexico to Bolivia and northern Brazil. A high level of endemism is observed in the Andes of Colombia and Ecuador (Pridgeon 2005). Despite the large number of species described by Luer (1986, 1994, 1996, 2009), several new Lepanthes have been described by other authors (Catling & Catling 1988, Tremblay & Ackerman 1993, Ortiz 1998, Pupulin & Bogarín 2004, Pupulin et al. 2010). Plants of Lepanthes usually grow epiphytically in cloud forests and paramos, but some on rocks and the ground have also been reported (Farfán et al. 2003). Species of Lepanthes are easily recognized by their lepanthiform sheaths, successive inflorescences arising from the upper- or underside of the leaf, usually transversely bilobed petals and often bilobed lip (Farfán et al. 2003), usually with an appendix attached to the sinus of the body. Inflorescences are rarely simultaneous, as in L. -
Andean Flora of Ecuador
Andean Flora of Ecuador Naturetrek Tour Report 6 - 21 November 2004 Report compiled by Irene Palmer Naturetrek Cheriton Mill Cheriton Alresford Hampshire SO24 0NG England T: +44 (0)1962 733051 F: +44 (0)1962 736426 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk Tour Report Andean Flora of Ecuador Irene Palmer’s personal record of the Ecuador orchid tour, in the company of her husband and four others. Lou Jost was tour leader and Florian Werner was co-leader for part of the tour. The initial itinerary, departing from London Heathrow included a brief stop in Miami; it was changed just before departure to avoid new American in-transit requirements.Our small group of six was routed via Madrid to Quito using Iberia rather than American Airlines. This met with general approval. Day 1 Saturday 6th November London via Madrid to Quito Naturetrek’s distinctive blue labels enabled us to locate the other members of the group as we left Heathrow and we also encountered the group who were bound for Venezuela. The transfer in Madrid went smoothly and we settled down for the long flight to Quito. We were warned that in-flight staff weren’t noted for the frequency of their visits up and down the cabin. We thought they were sloppy; they didn’t check all the seats were upright before take-off. They kept a welcome supply of drinks and snacks at the rear of the plane during much of the long flight but we were very suspicious that a prolonged period when the seat belt signs were lit indicating turbulence, was an excuse to have a chat and a break, as there was no turbulence; some of the passengers got rather balky and were ordered to remain in their seats.