Corinth in Context Supplements to Novum Testamentum

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Corinth in Context Supplements to Novum Testamentum Corinth in Context Supplements to Novum Testamentum Executive Editors M. M. Mitchell Chicago D. P. Moessner Dubuque Editorial Board L. Alexander, Sheffield – C. Breytenbach, Berlin J. K. Elliott, Leeds – C. R. Holladay, Atlanta M. J. J. Menken, Tilburg – J. Smit Sibinga, Amsterdam J. C. Thom, Stellenbosch – P. Trebilco, Dunedin VOLUME 134 Corinth in Context Comparative Studies on Religion and Society Edited by Steven J. Friesen, Daniel N. Schowalter, and James C. Walters LEIDEN • BOSTON 2010 Cover illustration: Corinth, with Acrocorinth in the background. Photo by Larry Cripe. Th is book is also published as hardback in the series Supplements to Novum Testamentum, ISSN 0167-9732 / edited by Steven Friesen, Dan Schowalter, and James Walters. 2010. ISBN 978 90 04 18197 7 Th is book is printed on acid-free paper. ISBN 978 90 04 18211 0 Copyright 2010 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, Th e Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to Th e Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to change. printed in the netherlands CONTENTS List of Illustrations ............................................................................ vii Acknowledgments .............................................................................. xvii List of Abbreviations ......................................................................... xix List of Contributors ........................................................................... xxv I. Introduction: Context, Comparison ...................................... 1 Steven J. Friesen IMPERIALS: GREEK & ROMAN II. Th e Social and Ethnic Origins of the Colonists in Early Roman Corinth ............................................................... 13 Benjamin W. Millis III. Asklepios in Greek and Roman Corinth .............................. 37 Bronwen L. Wickkiser IV. Th e Emperor in a Roman Town: the Base of the Augustales in the Forum at Corinth ..................................... 67 Margaret L. Laird V. Greek Heritage in Roman Corinth and Ephesos: Hybrid Identities and Strategies of Display in the Material Record of Traditional Mediterranean Religions ................. 117 Christine M. Th omas SOCIAL STRATA VI. Image and Cult: Th e Coinage of Roman Corinth .............. 151 Mary E. Hoskins Walbank VII. Ceres, Κόρη, and Cultural Complexity: Divine Personality Defi nitions and Human Worshippers in Roman Corinth ....................................................................................... 199 Jorunn Økland vi contents VIII. Th e Wrong Erastus: Ideology, Archaeology, and Exegesis ..................................................................................... 231 Steven J. Friesen IX. Where Have all the Names Gone? Th e Christian Community in Corinth in the Late Roman and Early Byzantine Eras ......................................................................... 257 Michael B. Walbank Appendix: Th e Corinthian Census ...................................... 297 LOCAL RELIGION X. Seeking Shelter in Roman Corinth: Archaeology and the Placement of Paul’s Communities ................................ 327 Daniel N. Schowalter XI. Paul and the Politics of Meals in Roman Corinth ............ 343 James C. Walters XII. Th e Sacred Spring: Landscape and Traditions ................... 365 Guy D. R. Sanders XIII. Religion and Society at Roman Kenchreai ......................... 391 Joseph L. Rife XIV. Religion and Society in the Roman Eastern Corinthia .... 433 Timothy E. Gregory Bibliography ........................................................................................ 477 Index .................................................................................................... 511 Maps ..................................................................................................... 515 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS All images and plans of Corinth are reproduced courtesy of the Trustees of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens. Chapter Three Fig. 3.1. Restored plan of the early Asklepios sanctuary. (Roebuck 1951, fi g. 2) .................................................................... 42 Fig. 3.2. Anatomical votives from the Asklepieion. Photo by Brent Nongbri ................................................................................. 44 Fig. 3.3. Restoration of the Hellenistic Asklepieion. (Roebuck 1951, Plan B) ................................................................................... 48 Fig. 3.4. Restoration of the Hellenistic Asklepieion, with water system. (Roebuck 1951, Plan C) .................................................. 49 Fig. 3.5. Plan of the Th eater-Asklepieion complex at Butrint in the Hellenistic period. (Wilkes 2003, fi g. 6.11) Courtesy of the Boutrint Foundation ............................................................... 64 Chapter Four Fig. 4.1. View of the Forum at Corinth, from the east; the Base of the Augustales is indicated by the arrow ............................... 68 Fig. 4.2. Th e Base of the Augustales, from the south. Photo by author ............................................................................................... 69 Fig. 4.3. State and restoration drawing of the Base of the Augustales from the side and from above. (Scranton 1951, fi g. 69) ............................................................................................... 77 Fig. 4.4. Th e Base of the Augustales, detail of the inscription on the marble drum. Photo by author ....................................... 79 Fig. 4.5. Th e Base of the Augustales from the west, showing the cuttings on the upper surface of the marble drum ........... 80 Fig. 4.6. Th e southwest corner of the Base of the Augustales, showing the corner of the bench and a fragment of the marble paving of the Forum in situ against the western side. Photo by author .............................................................................. 86 viii list of illustrations Fig. 4.7. Th e Forum at Corinth in the mid-fi rst century ce, with dashed line indicating the east-west axis of the Base of the Augustales (a) ............................................................. 87 Fig. 4.8. Th e Base of the Augustales seen from the west, with the remains of the Julian Basilica beyond. Photo by author .............................................................................................. 90 Fig. 4.9. Th e Base of the Augustales seen from the east, with the remains of Temples D, E, F, G, and the Fountain of Poseidon beyond. Photo by author ............................................. 92 Fig. 4.10. Reconstruction drawing of the monument of the Augustales. Illustration by author ................................................ 94 Fig. 4.11. Th e Stepped Base in the Forum at Corinth .................. 98 Fig. 4.12. Th e Composite Circle Base in the Forum at Corinth 99 Fig. 4.13. Plan of the area of the Forum ca 200 bce, showing the Hellenistic racecourse with statue bases to the north and south, the future location of the Base of the Augustales (a) and the Circular Monument (b) ....................... 101 Fig. 4.14. Th e Circular Monument, from the northeast. Photo by author .......................................................................................... 104 Fig. 4.15. Plan and reconstructed elevation of the Circular Monument. (aft er Scranton 1951, Plan E) ................................. 105 Fig. 4.16. Th e Base of the Augustales from the northwest, with the Circular Monument beyond. Photo by author .................. 106 Fig. 4.17. Acrocorinth framed by the Circular Monument and the Base of the Augustales, as viewed from the north east corner of the Forum. Photo by author ....................................... 107 Fig. 4.18. Victory monument of Attalos I rededicated to Augustus, in the Sanctuary of Athena Polias Nikephoros at Pergamon. (Aft er Stucchi 1984, fi g. 9) ....................................... 109 Fig. 4.19. Worn western tread of the Base of the Augustales. Photo by author .............................................................................. 113 Fig. 4.20. Board for the game of mola on the eastern tread of the Base of the Augustales. Photo by author ............................. 115 Chapter Five Fig. 5.1. Plan: Sanctuary of Demeter and Kore, Roman period ............................................................................................... 122 list of illustrations ix Fig. 5.2. Statue of Livia found in Basilike Stoa in Ephesos. Courtesy of the Efes Museum, Selçuk, Turkey. Photo by author ............................................................................................... 130 Fig. 5.3. Plan of Ephesos, from Peter Scherrer et al. 1995 .......... 135 Chapter Six Fig. 6.1. A. Obv. Head of Julius Caesar: rev. Bellerophon on Pegasus, 44–43 bce. B. Obv. Bellerophon leading Pegasus: rev. Seated archaic-style Poseidon, 43–42 bce. C. Obv. Laureate head of Zeus: rev. Athena holding a shield and thunderbolt, 42–41 bce. D. Obv. Head of Kronos: rev. Dionysus holding
Recommended publications
  • Betekenis Van Bijbelse Woorden En (Plaats)Namen
    Betekenis van Bijbelse woorden en (plaats) namen Abel Beth-maacha rouw van (of weide van) het huis van A verdrukking (...onderdrukking; ...neerslachtigheid; Aar teder-zijn ...benauwd Aaron lichtbrenger Abel Keramim weide van de wijngaarden Aäron Abel-Beth-maacha rouw van (of weide van) het huis van verdrukking Aaronieten (...onderdrukking; ...neerslachtigheid; ...benauwd Aartsengel voornaamste van de engelen Abel-bet-maaka stad in Noord-Israël bij een stad in het Ab vader noorden van Israël bij Beth-maacha; de plaats waar de ark rustte op de Ab vader van iemand akker van Jozua te Beth-Semes Abaddon plaats van verderf, verderf, ruine Abel-bet-maaka rouw van (of weide van) het huis van verdrukking Abaddon verderf (...onderdrukking; ...neerslachtigheid; ...benauwd Abagta door God geschonken Abel-Bet-Maäka huis van druk Abagtha Abel-Hassittim weide van acacias of rouw van de Abana steun acasia Abana bestendige, onveranderlijk, een zekere Abel-keramim weide van de wijngaarden verordening Abel-maim weide van wateren of rouw van de Abarim gebieden aan de overzijde wateren Abarim ruïnen van Abarim Abel-mechola weide van het dansen of rouw van de wijngaard of rouwdans Abba vader Abel-mehola Abda dienaar van JHWH, dienst Abel-misraim weide van Egypte of rouw van de Abdeel dienaar van God Egyptenaren Abdi dienaar van JHWH, mijn dienaar Abel-mizraim Abdiel dienaar van God Abel-sittim weide van acacias of rouw van de acasia Abdiël Abi mijn vader Abdon dienstbaar, slavernij; onderworpenheid Abi Gibon vader van Gibeon Abednego dienaar van Nebo, dienaar van de schittering Abia mijn vader is Jah (Jehovah) Abed-nego Abia JHWH is (mijn) vader Abel adem Abialbon El (God) is mijn vader of mijn vader is groot van begrip of vader van begrip Abel ijdelheid (verstand) Abel plaatsnaam, stad in Noord-Israël bij Abi-albon een stad in het noorden van Israël bij Beth-maacha.
    [Show full text]
  • The Chapters of Romans
    Liberty University Scholars Crossing An Alliterated Outline for the Chapters of the Bible A Guide to the Systematic Study of the Bible 5-2018 The Chapters of Romans Harold Willmington Liberty University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/outline_chapters_bible Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Christianity Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Willmington, Harold, "The Chapters of Romans" (2018). An Alliterated Outline for the Chapters of the Bible. 58. https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/outline_chapters_bible/58 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the A Guide to the Systematic Study of the Bible at Scholars Crossing. It has been accepted for inclusion in An Alliterated Outline for the Chapters of the Bible by an authorized administrator of Scholars Crossing. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Romans SECTION OUTLINE ONE (ROMANS 1) Paul opens his letter to the Roman church by talking about God's anger with sin. The opening chapter may be thought of as a trial, where God is the judge and sinful humans are the accused. I. THE COURT RECORDER (1:1-17): Here Paul, author of Romans, provides his readers with some pretrial introductory material. A. His credentials (1:1, 5): Paul relates four facts about himself. 1. He is a servant of Jesus (1:1a). 2. He is an apostle (1:1b). 3. He has been set apart to preach the gospel (1:1c). 4. He is a missionary to the Gentiles (1:5). B. His Christ (1:2-4) 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Hearing Luke's Parables Through the Socio-Economic Contexts of His Audience Members
    Hearing Luke’s Parables through the Socio-Economic Contexts of His Audience Members A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2019 SAMUEL J ROGERS SCHOOL OF ARTS, LANGUAGES AND CULTURES Table of Contents List of Tables ............................................................................................................ 6 Abbreviations ........................................................................................................... 7 Abstract .................................................................................................................... 9 Declaration ............................................................................................................. 10 Copyright Statement ............................................................................................... 11 Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. 12 Chapter 1: Introduction and Preliminary Discussions .............................................. 13 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................. 13 1.2 Definition of Socio-Economic ........................................................................ 16 1.3 Introduction to Impact of Previous Methodologies ......................................... 16 1.4 Analyzing Jesus in His Socio-Economic Contexts ........................................... 17 1.4.1 Joachim
    [Show full text]
  • Junia – a Woman Lost in Translation: the Name IOYNIAN in Romans 16:7 and Its History of Interpretation
    Open Theology 2020; 6: 646–660 Women and Gender in the Bible and the Biblical World Andrea Hartmann* Junia – A Woman Lost in Translation: The Name IOYNIAN in Romans 16:7 and its History of Interpretation https://doi.org/10.1515/opth-2020-0138 received June 30, 2020; accepted October 27, 2020 Abstract: The name of the second person greeted in Romans 16:7 is given as IOYNIAN, a form whose gramma- tical gender could be either feminine or masculine which leads to the question: Is it Junia or Junias – awomanor aman– who is greeted alongside Andronicus as “outstanding among the apostles?” This article highlights early influential answers to this question in the history of interpretation (John Chrysostom’scommentary,thedisciple- ship list of Pseudo-Epiphanius, Luther’s translation, and Calvin’s interpretation) showing that societal percep- tions of women’s roles were a factor in how they interpreted IOYNIAN. The article then summarises the last 150 years of interpretation history which saw (a) the disappearance of Junia from the text and from scholarly discussion due to the impact of the short-from hypothesis in the nineteenth century, (b) the challenge to this male interpretation in connection with second wave feminism, and (c) the restoration of the female reading in the ensuing debate. Bringing together the main lines of the argument, it will be shown that there is only one reading supported by the evidence, the female reading which throughout the centuries was the more difficult reading in light of the church’sandsociety’s perception of women’s
    [Show full text]
  • Epistles of Paul
    THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE ASSEMBLY: EPISTLES OF PAUL THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN THE ASSEMBLY: EPISTLES OF PAUL JACK P. LEWIS In the Gospels, we see women showing hospitality to Jesus, women supplying him with their means, and women travel- ing with him and being around the cross. We see Jesus healing women, dealing with their spiritual problems, and using women as illustrations in his teaching; but we do not find any instruc- tion about their role in assemblies. The same is true of the book of Acts. Women learn; they obey the gospel; they engage in good works; they show hospitality; and they participate in giving. They are not depicted as being evangelists; they do not exercise miracle-working power; they do not baptize people; they are not elders in the congregations; and they are not pastors. No passage in the Acts of the Apostles specifically deals with the role of women in assemblies. We will turn to the epistles of Paul. Much of what Paul wrote is gender inclusive, relevant to and binding equally on men and women. Paul uses women as illustrations in his teaching. He con- trasts Hagar and Sarah (Gal 4:24ff.) and declares that the Jerusa- lem above is our mother (Gal 4:26). He speaks fondly of women as his fellow workers. The writer of the Epistle to the Hebrews includes women: Sarah, Moses’s mother, Rahab the harlot, and those who received their dead by resurrection (Heb 11:35). The Epistle of James mentions Rahab (Jas 2:25). Peter praises Sarah (1 Pet 3:6) as a model for Christian women.
    [Show full text]
  • Greece • Crete • Turkey May 28 - June 22, 2021
    GREECE • CRETE • TURKEY MAY 28 - JUNE 22, 2021 Tour Hosts: Dr. Scott Moore Dr. Jason Whitlark organized by GREECE - CRETE - TURKEY / May 28 - June 22, 2021 May 31 Mon ATHENS - CORINTH CANAL - CORINTH – ACROCORINTH - NAFPLION At 8:30a.m. depart from Athens and drive along the coastal highway of Saronic Gulf. Arrive at the Corinth Canal for a brief stop and then continue on to the Acropolis of Corinth. Acro-corinth is the citadel of Corinth. It is situated to the southwest of the ancient city and rises to an elevation of 1883 ft. [574 m.]. Today it is surrounded by walls that are about 1.85 mi. [3 km.] long. The foundations of the fortifications are ancient—going back to the Hellenistic Period. The current walls were built and rebuilt by the Byzantines, Franks, Venetians, and Ottoman Turks. Climb up and visit the fortress. Then proceed to the Ancient city of Corinth. It was to this megalopolis where the apostle Paul came and worked, established a thriving church, subsequently sending two of his epistles now part of the New Testament. Here, we see all of the sites associated with his ministry: the Agora, the Temple of Apollo, the Roman Odeon, the Bema and Gallio’s Seat. The small local archaeological museum here is an absolute must! In Romans 16:23 Paul mentions his friend Erastus and • • we will see an inscription to him at the site. In the afternoon we will drive to GREECE CRETE TURKEY Nafplion for check-in at hotel followed by dinner and overnight. (B,D) MAY 28 - JUNE 22, 2021 June 1 Tue EPIDAURAUS - MYCENAE - NAFPLION Morning visit to Mycenae where we see the remains of the prehistoric citadel Parthenon, fortified with the Cyclopean Walls, the Lionesses’ Gate, the remains of the Athens Mycenaean Palace and the Tomb of King Agamemnon in which we will actually enter.
    [Show full text]
  • Kleonai, the Corinth-Argos Road, And
    HESPERIA 78 (2OO9) KLEONAI, THE CORINTH- Pages ioj-163 ARGOS ROAD, AND THE "AXIS OF HISTORY" ABSTRACT The ancient roadfrom Corinth to Argos via the Longopotamos passwas one of the most important and longest-used natural routes through the north- eastern Peloponnese. The author proposes to identity the exact route of the road as it passed through Kleonaian territoryby combining the evidence of ancient testimonia, the identification of ancient roadside features, the ac- counts of early travelers,and autopsy.The act of tracing the road serves to emphasizethe prominentposition of the city Kleonaion this interstateroute, which had significant consequences both for its own history and for that of neighboring states. INTRODUCTION Much of the historyof the polis of Kleonaiwas shapedby its location on a numberof majorroutes from the Isthmus and Corinth into the Peloponnese.1The most importantof thesewas a majorartery for north- south travel;from the city of Kleonai,the immediatedestinations of this roadwere Corinthto the north and Argos to the south.It is in connec- tion with its roadsthat Kleonaiis most often mentionedin the ancient sources,and likewise,modern topographical studies of the areahave fo- cusedon definingthe coursesof these routes,particularly that of the main 1. The initial fieldworkfor this Culturefor grantingit. In particular, anonymousreaders and the editors studywas primarilyconducted as I thank prior ephors Elisavet Spathari of Hesperia,were of invaluableassis- part of a one-person surveyof visible and AlexanderMantis for their in- tance. I owe particulargratitude to remainsin Kleonaianterritory under terest in the projectat Kleonai,and Bruce Stiver and John Luchin for their the auspicesof the American School the guardsand residentsof Archaia assistancewith the illustrations.
    [Show full text]
  • Flexsenhar-Mastersreport
    Copyright by Michael A. Flexsenhar III 2013 The Report Committee for Michael A. Flexsenhar III Certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis report: No Longer a Slave: Manumission in the Social World of Paul APPROVED BY SUPERVISING COMMITTEE: Supervisor: L. Michael White Steven J. Friesen No Longer a Slave: Manumission in the Social World of Paul by Michael A. Flexsenhar III, B.A., M.T.S. Report Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts The University of Texas at Austin May 2013 Dedication In memoriam Janet Ruth Flexsenhar mea avia piissima Abstract No Longer a Slave: Manumission in the Social World of Paul Michael A. Flexsenhar III, M.A. The University of Texas at Austin, 2013 Supervisor: L. Michael White The Roman Empire was a slave society. New Testament and Early Christian scholars have long recognized that slaves formed a substantial portion of the earliest Christian communities. Yet there has been extensive debate about manumission, the freeing of a slave, both in the wider context of the Roman Empire and more specifically in Paul’s context. 1 Cor. 7:20-23 is a key passage for understanding both slavery and manumission in Pauline communities, as well as Paul’s own thoughts on these two contentious issues. The pivotal verse is 1 Cor. 7:21. The majority opinion is that Paul is suggesting slaves should become free, i.e., manumitted, if they are able. In order to better understand this biblical passage and its social implications, this project explores the various types of manumissions operative the Roman world: the legal processes and results; the factors that galvanized and constrained manumissions; the political and social environment surrounding manumission in Corinth during Paul’s ministry; as well as the results of manumission as it relates to Paul’s communities.
    [Show full text]
  • 7173 SBJT V11N3.1.Indd
    The Setting of Romans in the Ministry of Paul John Polhill John Polhill is Senior Professor of Introduction the work in Corinth at the end of his New Testament Interpretation at The Perhaps the most discussed issue in second missionary journey, at that time Southern Baptist Theological Seminary. Romans scholarship is whether it should spending eighteen or more months there Dr. Polhill has also studied at Harvard be understood as an occasional epistle (Acts 18:1-18). The relationship between Divinity School; the University of St. or as a theological treatise.1 Did Paul Paul and Corinth seems to have deterio- Andrews; Princeton Theological Semi- design his epistle as an introduction to rated during the course of his third mis- nary; and the University of California, his primary doctrinal convictions for this sion, which was mainly spent in Ephesus. Berkeley. In addition to contributing to church that he had never visited, or is his He seems to have made a brief second visit numerous journals, reference works, and letter treating specifi c issues within the to Corinth at this time, probably going by denominational publications, he has au- congregation that he knew needed to be sea to Corinth from Ephesus and back. thored Acts in the New American Com- addressed? One probably should not draw Acts does not mention this visit, but Paul mentary series (Broadman and Holman, the lines too sharply. Much of the epistle implied its existence in his second letter 1992) and Paul and His Letters (Broad- deals with theological concerns, although to Corinth, where he spoke of a “painful” man and Holman, 1999).
    [Show full text]
  • Tourism in Greece 2020 U L B
    Travel, Excursions & Sightseeing Tourism in Greece 2020 U L B S O N O K Y M / l e t o c e r G The National Herald T H D E L N A AT ER IONAL H www.thenationalherald.com 2 SPECIAL EDITION JANUARY 2020 Tourism in Greece 2020 THE NATIONAL HERALD ❙ “Greece is a good place for rebirths” Judith Martin Welcome to The National Herald’s first special insert (of many) of 2020! HIS YEAR, we have decided to jumpstart the new urning on summer vacation plans. The Travel Show is To those who have not visited Greece, it is known for Make your decade with an insert focused on various tourist one of the most comprehensive in North America – at - being the birthplace of democracy, the creation of the destinations throughout Greece. We know that as tracting more than 35K attendees and hosting over 750 Olympic Games, and for its unique and historical archi - summer plans winter (finally) sets in here on the east coast of exhibits related to trade and consumer travel. The show tecture. But it is so much more than that. Even the littlest Tthe United States, we Greeks living abroad can’t help it is the ultimate travel and tourism event and aims to pro - moments in Greece have the capacity to fill all your sen - when our minds wander off to our favorite beaches, vil - mote all aspects of tourism worldwide – including local ses at one time. As Henry Miller said, “it takes a lifetime now and lages, and sunsets in the motherland.
    [Show full text]
  • Pausanias' Description of Greece
    BONN'S CLASSICAL LIBRARY. PAUSANIAS' DESCRIPTION OF GREECE. PAUSANIAS' TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH \VITTI NOTES AXD IXDEX BY ARTHUR RICHARD SHILLETO, M.A., Soiiii'tinie Scholar of Trinity L'olltge, Cambridge. VOLUME IT. " ni <le Fnusnnias cst un homme (jui ne mnnquo ni de bon sens inoins a st-s tlioux." hnniie t'oi. inais i}iii rn>it ou au voudrait croire ( 'HAMTAiiNT. : ftEOROE BELL AND SONS. YOUK STIIKKT. COVKNT (iAKDKX. 188t). CHISWICK PRESS \ C. WHITTINGHAM AND CO., TOOKS COURT, CHANCEKV LANE. fA LC >. iV \Q V.2- CONTEXTS. PAGE Book VII. ACHAIA 1 VIII. ARCADIA .61 IX. BtEOTIA 151 -'19 X. PHOCIS . ERRATA. " " " Volume I. Page 8, line 37, for Atte read Attes." As vii. 17. 2<i. (Catullus' Aft is.) ' " Page 150, line '22, for Auxesias" read Anxesia." A.-> ii. 32. " " Page 165, lines 12, 17, 24, for Philhammon read " Philanimon.'' " " '' Page 191, line 4, for Tamagra read Tanagra." " " Pa ire 215, linu 35, for Ye now enter" read Enter ye now." ' " li I'aijf -J27, line 5, for the Little Iliad read The Little Iliad.'- " " " Page ^S9, line 18, for the Babylonians read Babylon.'' " 7 ' Volume II. Page 61, last line, for earth' read Earth." " Page 1)5, line 9, tor "Can-lira'" read Camirus." ' ; " " v 1'age 1 69, line 1 , for and read for. line 2, for "other kinds of flutes "read "other thites.'' ;< " " Page 201, line 9. for Lacenian read Laeonian." " " " line 10, for Chilon read Cliilo." As iii. 1H. Pago 264, " " ' Page 2G8, Note, for I iad read Iliad." PAUSANIAS. BOOK VII. ACIIAIA.
    [Show full text]
  • University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan LINDA JANE PIPER 1967
    This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 66-15,122 PIPER, Linda Jane, 1935- A HISTORY OF SPARTA: 323-146 B.C. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1966 History, ancient University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan LINDA JANE PIPER 1967 All Rights Reserved A HISTORY OF SPARTA: 323-1^6 B.C. DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Linda Jane Piper, A.B., M.A. The Ohio State University 1966 Approved by Adviser Department of History PREFACE The history of Sparta from the death of Alexander in 323 B.C; to the destruction of Corinth in 1^6 B.C. is the history of social revolution and Sparta's second rise to military promi­ nence in the Peloponnesus; the history of kings and tyrants; the history of Sparta's struggle to remain autonomous in a period of amalgamation. It is also a period in Sparta's history too often neglected by historians both past and present. There is no monograph directly concerned with Hellenistic Sparta. For the most part, this period is briefly and only inci­ dentally covered in works dealing either with the whole history of ancient Sparta, or simply as a part of Hellenic or Hellenistic 1 2 history in toto. Both Pierre Roussel and Eug&ne Cavaignac, in their respective surveys of Spartan history, have written clear and concise chapters on the Hellenistic period. Because of the scope of their subject, however, they were forced to limit them­ selves to only the most important events and people of this time, and great gaps are left in between.
    [Show full text]