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Breed Relationships and Definition in British Cattle
Heredity (2004) 93, 597–602 & 2004 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0018-067X/04 $30.00 www.nature.com/hdy Breed relationships and definition in British cattle: a genetic analysis P Wiener, D Burton and JL Williams Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Roslin, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK The genetic diversity of eight British cattle breeds was not associated with geographical distribution. Analyses also quantified in this study. In all, 30 microsatellites from the FAO defined the cohesiveness or definition of the various breeds, panel of markers were used to characterise the DNA with Highland, Guernsey and Jersey as the best defined and samples from nearly 400 individuals. A variety of methods most distinctive of the breeds. were applied to analyse the data in order to look at diversity Heredity (2004) 93, 597–602. doi:10.1038/sj.hdy.6800566 within and between breeds. The relationships between Publishedonline25August2004 breeds were not highly resolved and breed clusters were Keywords: British cattle; breeds; diversity; microsatellites Introduction 1997; MacHugh et al, 1994, 1998; Kantanen et al, 2000; Arranz et al, 2001; Bjrnstad and Red 2001; Beja-Pereira The concept of cattle breeds, rather than local types, is et al, 2003). said to have originated in Britain under the influence of The goal of this study was to use microsatellite Robert Bakewell in the 18th century (Porter, 1991). It was markers to characterise diversity levels within, and during that period that intensive culling and inbreeding relationships between, a number of British cattle breeds, became widespread in order to achieve specific breeding most of which have not been characterised previously. -
CATAIR Appendix
CBP and Trade Automated Interface Requirements Appendix: PGA April 24, 2020 Pub # 0875-0419 Contents Table of Changes ............................................................................................................................................4 PG01 – Agency Program Codes .................................................................................................................... 18 PG01 – Government Agency Processing Codes ............................................................................................. 22 PG01 – Electronic Image Submitted Codes.................................................................................................... 26 PG01 – Globally Unique Product Identification Code Qualifiers .................................................................... 26 PG01 – Correction Indicators* ...................................................................................................................... 26 PG02 – Product Code Qualifiers.................................................................................................................... 28 PG04 – Units of Measure .............................................................................................................................. 30 PG05 – Scie nt if ic Spec ies Code .................................................................................................................... 31 PG05 – FWS Wildlife Description Codes ..................................................................................................... -
United States Department of Agriculture Classified List of Projects Agricultural Experiment Stations 1930
j UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATION No. 89 WASHINGTON, D. C. NOVEMBER, 1930 CLASSIFIED LIST OF PROJECTS OF THE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONS 1930 COMPILED IN THE OFFICE OF EXPERIMENT STATIONS For «ale by th« Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. - - - Price 3S cent« U. s. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE SECRETARY—A. M. Hyde DIRECTOR OF SCIENTIFIC WORK—A. F. Woods OFFICE OF EXPERIMENT STATIONS—^W. H. Evans, Acting Chief THE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONS ALABAMA.—Auburn, M. J. Funchess, Director. ALASKA.—Sitka, H. W. Alberts, Director. ARIZONA.—Tucson, E. D. Ball, Director. ARKANSAS.—Fayetteville, Dan T. Gray, Director. CALIFORNIA.—Berkeley, C. B. Hutchison, Director. COLORADO.—Fort Collins, C. P. Gillette, Director. CONNECTICUT.—New Haven, W. L. Slate, Director; Storrs, W. L. Slate, Director. DELAWARE.—Newark, C. A. McCue, Director. FLORIDA.—Oainesville, Wilmon Newell, Director. GEORGIA.—Experiment, H. P. Stuckey, Director. GUAM.—Guam, C. W. Edwards, Director. HAWAII.—Honolulu, J. M. Westgate, Director. IDAHO.—Moscow, E. J. Iddings, Director. ILLINOIS.—Urbana, H. W. Mumford, Director. INDIANA.—La Fayette, J. H. Skinner, Director. IOWA.—Ames, C. F. Curtiss, Director. KANSAS.—Manhattan, L. E. Call, Director. KENTUCKY.—Lexington, T. P. Cooper, Director. LOUISIANA.—Baton Rouge, C. T. Dowell, Director. MAINE.—Orono, W. J. Morse, Director. MARYLAND.—College Park, H. J. Patterson, Director. MASSACHUSETTS.—Amherst, F. J. Sievers, Director. MICHIGAN.—East Lansing, V. R. Gardner, Director. MINNESOTA.—university Farm, 8t. Paul, W. C. Coffey, Director. MISSISSIPPI.—A. and M. College, W. R. Perkins, Director. MISSOURI.—Columbia, F. B. Mumford, Director. MONTANA.—Bozeman, F. B. Linfleld, Director. NEBRASKA.—Lincoln, W. W. Burr, Director. NEVADA.—Reno, S. -
The Ayrshire Breed of Cattle
64 65 Society's Ayr branch for lectures, recitals and small exhibitions. The top floor will be adapted as a caretaker's fiat and a kitchen, cloakroom, etc., will be accommodated in the wing. The Ayrshire Breed of Cattle. About £2,500 will be needed to complete the work of restoration, A Lecture to the Society on 10th March, 1949. and an appeal to the public for subscriptions was launched by the Saltire Society in December, 1948. Nothing but the subscription By Hugh Bone, Esq., of a sufficient sum now stands in the way of the restoration of this interesting building to a place in the life of AJT and a condition Lately Secretary of the Ayrshire Cattle Herd Book Society worth}' of its 400 j-ears of historj*. of Great Britain and Ireland. The origin and early historj' of the Ayrshire Breed of Cattle have been dealt with by many writers. I propose here to deal with the origin and development of the breed, and how the Ayrshire cow has been improved to its present high state of efficency as a. producer of high quality milk. Earty writers state that the original strain was imported from ADDITIONS to the BIBLIOGRAPHY of AYRSHIRE DURING 1949. abroad—Holland, Scandinavia, and even Spain being mentioned. In the case of the Dutch theory of origin, it is asserted that animals FERGUSSON (JAMES). " Lowland Lairds." FABER & FABER, 16/-. of the Teeswater or Holderness breed were introduced into AjTshire. These breeds were supposed to have derived their origin from a Much of Scotland's history has been made, and many of her cross with some large bulls imported from Holland into Yorkshire greatest national leaders bred, by a class which modern governments about 1700. -
Livestock in Hawaii by L
UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII RESEA.RCH PUBLICATION No.5 A Survey of Livestock in Hawaii BY L. A. HENKE AUGUST, 1929 PubUshed by the University of Hawaii Honolulu • Ali TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION ONE Page Horses in Hawaii __ __ __ __ __ _...... 5 First horses to Hawaii _ __ _._._._ _._ ._ -- - ----.-............ 5 Too many horses in 1854 _.. __ __ ._ __ _. 5 Thoroughbred horse presented to Emperor of Japan.-_ _...... 6 Arabian horses imported in 1884 _.. _ _._ __ .. ____- --... 6 Horse racing in Honolulu fifty years ago -- .. -..- -.- ---..- -... 6 Horse racing at Waimanalo _._._ __ _._ ___.. _ '-'-" ..".""'-.' 6 Some men who fostered horse raising in early· days................................ 6 Some early famous horses _ _._ ___ _..... 6 Horner ranch importations _ __ __ .__ ____.. _.. '.".'_'.. ".""'."." 7 Ranches raising light horses __ --............. 8 Some winners at recent I-Iawaii fairs .. ___ _._................................. 8 I-Ieavy horses and nlules __ ___ _._ _................................ 8 Cattle in Hawaii ___-- _. __ .. _._................... 8 First cattle in Hawaii _ __ .. _ __ ._. ___- -.......... 8 First cattle were longhorns _ _._ _ __ ____ _..... 9 Angus cattle _ _. __ __..__ -.. _._ _._ .. __ _. 9 Ayrshire cattle.. -- __ ________.._ __ _._._._._........... 11 Brown Swiss cattle ___ __ _.. _____.. _..... 11 Devo,n cattle __ __ ___.. __ _ __ 11 Dexter cattle __ ___ _...................... 12 Dutch Belted cattle _ __ ._._ . -
Curriculum.Pdf
Teaching Curriculum for the North American International Livestock Exposition (NAILE) by Stephanie Darst The North American International Livestock Exposition is the world’s largest purebred, all-breed livestock show. It is held, annually in November, at the Kentucky Exposition Center in Louisville, Kentucky. This publication was produced by the Kentucky State Fair Board, a state agency in the Commerce Cabinet, and presenter of the North American International Livestock Exposition. Copyright © 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 Kentucky State Fair Board NORTH AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL LIVESTOCK EXPOSITION Dear Educator: The North American International Livestock Exposition (NAILE) would like to thank you for participating in the NAILE Educational Program. Please use this publication, Teaching Curriculum for the North American International Livestock Exposition. The curriculum is just one part of the Educational Program. The other component of the Educational Program is the school tours held during the NAILE, these tours serve thousands of students each November. The Teaching Curriculum for the North American International Livestock Exposition is presently in a flexible and changing format. It is photocopied on loose-leaf pages to facilitate sharing and further photo-reproduction. (Although these materials are copyrighted, we fully intend for them to be duplicated for educational purposes. Please seek permission should you wish to alter or publish any of the enclosed materials.) We ask that all teachers receiving this publication become an important part of our evaluation process. Please return the completed evaluation form to us as soon as possible, so that we may improve this resource. When you share these materials with other teachers, please copy the form for them as well, encouraging them to evaluate what they use. -
The Development of Horticultural Science in England, 1910-1930
The Development of Horticultural Science in England, 1910-1930 Paul Smith Department of Science and Technology Studies University College London Thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2016 I, Paul Smith, confirm the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm it has been indicated in the thesis. 2 Abstract This thesis explores how horticultural science was shaped in England in the period 1910-1930. Horticultural science research in the early twentieth century exhibited marked diversity and horticulture included bees, chickens, pigeons,pigs, goats, rabbits and hares besides plants. Horticultural science was characterised by various tensions arising from efforts to demarcate it from agriculture and by internecine disputes between government organisations such as the Board of Agriculture, the Board of Education and the Development Commission for control of the innovative state system of horticultural research and education that developed after 1909. Both fundamental and applied science research played an important role in this development. This thesis discusses the promotion of horticultural science in the nineteenth century by private institutions, societies and scientists and after 1890 by the government, in order to provide reference points for comparisons with early twentieth century horticultural science. Efforts made by the new Horticultural Department of the Board of Agriculture and by scientists and commercial growers raised the academic status of -
Summer Journal
1 The Ayrshire Journal The Ayrshire Journal 2 to the 2019 Summer edition of the Ayrshire Journal. Welcome..2019/20 President Michael Howie ............. Editorial What a great way to start my year as your Office News .................................................................... ..4-6 President. We all had a marvellous A True Dalesman – Alan Myers ............................................7 conference with fantastic weather. Breed Managers Report.................................................... 8-9 Many thanks to Keith and Jane and family and the Dumfriesshire Clover Family Focus ...........................................................11 Club Members for arranging a Judging Seminar ................................................................13 truly memorable conference. Cattle Services News ..........................................................15 Let’s hope the weather behaves Jane’s Blog .........................................................................17 next year in Northumberland. Young Breeders Weekend............................................. 18-21 The Royal Highland was next Taking Note ........................................................................25 on the agenda, congratulations Looking Back ......................................................................27 go to the Lawrie families with Conference Report ........................................................ 28-31 Cuthill Towers winning the Ayrshire Conference Sale report .......................................................33 -
The Side Saddle Association® Newsletter Autumn 2018
The Side Saddle Association® Newsletter Autumn 2018 THE 2018 NATIONAL SHOW Chloe wins Rider of the Year Title Cripps with ‘The Pirates of the Carribean’, riding Fabien van de Pluum, a magnificent Friesian stallion. This is the first time that the competition has been won by an overseas competitor and she and her team also won the “Wow” factor award. Kamilla Rohankova played Davy Jones and made the incredible outfit she wore, and the darkly handsome pirate was enacted by Jiri Budin. The Best Costume and Best over 40 went to Sarah Moreland whose Doris patiently put up with being dressed as an elephant with enormous ears. There was a large contingent from abroad attending the Association’s Show both as competitors and spectators. Juniors Carlijn and Annemarijn Arnoldus had a very successful show on the two ponies they had brought over from Holland, winning the Show Pony class and the Fancy Dress l-r: Mme E. Goudsmit-van der Putten, President the late Roger Philpot, 2018 Rider of the Year Chloe Marsh, plus numerous class placings. Alessandra Chairman Janet Senior and President of the Nederlandse Vereniging Het Damensadel, Mr Harro Goudsmit Continued....... arriage obviously suits 2017 Ireland with two horses. Her many other Reserve Rider of the Year, Chloe successes included the Working Hunter Marsh (nee Gunn), as she went Championship (Arctic Eclipse) and the Mone better this year to become Show Hunter Championship (Carnsdale Irish The Association’s 2018 Rider of the Year. Times). Reserve Adult Novice was Jennie She also took the Adult Amateur award Daniels riding her versatile Tilly Kingsclough and her mount Oaklawn Gypsy, owned by who also takes part in Re-enactments. -
Animal Genetic Resources Information Bulletin
The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Les appellations employées dans cette publication et la présentation des données qui y figurent n’impliquent de la part de l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture aucune prise de position quant au statut juridique des pays, territoires, villes ou zones, ou de leurs autorités, ni quant au tracé de leurs frontières ou limites. Las denominaciones empleadas en esta publicación y la forma en que aparecen presentados los datos que contiene no implican de parte de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación juicio alguno sobre la condición jurídica de países, territorios, ciudades o zonas, o de sus autoridades, ni respecto de la delimitación de sus fronteras o límites. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and the extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Information Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Viale delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy. Tous droits réservés. Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite, mise en mémoire dans un système de recherche documentaire ni transmise sous quelque forme ou par quelque procédé que ce soit: électronique, mécanique, par photocopie ou autre, sans autorisation préalable du détenteur des droits d’auteur. -
Understanding the an English Agribusiness Lobby Group
Understanding the NFU an English Agribusiness Lobby Group Ethical Consumer Research Association December 2016 Understanding the NFU - an English Agribusiness Lobby-group ECRA December 2016 1 Contents 1. Introduction – The NFU an English Agribusiness Lobby group 3 2. Economic Lobbying – undermining the smaller farmer 2.1 NFU and farm subsidies – promoting agribusiness at the expense of smaller farmers 11 2.2 NFU and TTIP – favouring free trade at the expense of smaller farms 15 2.3 NFU and supermarkets – siding with retailers and opposing the GCA 17 2.4 NFU and foot and mouth disease – exports prioritised over smaller producers 20 3. Environmental Lobbying – unconcerned about sustainability 3.1 NFU, bees and neonicotinoids – risking it all for a few pence more per acre 24 3.2 NFU and soil erosion – opposing formal protection 28 3.3 NFU and air pollution – opposing EU regulation 31 3.4 NFU, biodiversity and meadows – keeping the regulations away 33 3.5 NFU and Europe – keeping sustainability out of the CAP 41 3/6 NFU and climate change – a mixed response 47 3.7 NFU and flooding – not listening to the experts? 51 4. Animal interventions – keeping protection to a minimum 4.1 Farm animal welfare – favouring the megafarm 53 4.2 NFU, badgers and bovine TB – driving a cull in the face of scientific evidence 60 4.3 The Red Tractor label – keeping standards low 74 5. Social Lobbying – passing costs on to the rest of us 5.1 NFU and Organophosphates in sheep dip – failing to protect farmers’ health 78 5.2 NFU and road safety – opposing regulations 82 5.3 NFU and workers’ rights – opposing the Agricultural Wages Board 86 5.4 NFU and Biotechnology – Supporting GM crops 89 6. -
Farm Animals and Farming: Part 1
A GUIDE TO THE COUNTRYSIDE: FARM ANIMALS & FARMING by Hunter Adair Farm animals and farming: Part 1 When you are out in the countryside in the summer, you will see a great variety of animals running about in the fields, and if you happen to be travelling in the Dales, or in the hills you will mostly find sheep and probably suckler cattle, which are cows with their calves running with them. Some sheep are bred for the high hills and areas where the land is much less fertile than on the lowland farms. The hill bred sheep are hardy and can stand a great deal of rough weather. In the winter when a blizzard or snow storm is forecast the sheep will come down Judging Blue Face Leicester from the hill tops on their own to lower ground and shelter, they seem to know when a storm sheep at The Royal Highland is coming. Show In Edinburgh There are over 50 breeds of sheep in this country and many people from the towns and cities think one sheep is just like another. All the different breeds of sheep have their own characteristics and peculiarities. Some sheep are pure bred and some sheep are cross bred to get a particular lamb, which a farmer may prefer, and which may suit his farm. Some breeds of sheep have been developed in certain parts of the country and in certain areas, and the name of the sheep is taken from the district where they were born and bred. In Scotland for instance they have numerous breeds of sheep which are all different.