1 TABLE 23-1 Muscles and Nerves of the Mandible

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

0350 ch 23-Tab 10/12/04 12:19 PM Page 1 Chapter 23: The Temporomandibular Joint 1 TABLE 23-1 Muscles and Nerves of the Mandible MUSCLE AND NERVE (N) ORIGIN INSERTION FUNCTION Digastric N: trigeminal Anterior belly: depression Common tendon to the Mandibular depression and and facial on inner side of inferior hyoid bone elevation of hyoid border of mandible (in swallowing) Posterior belly: mastoid notch of the temporal bone Temporalis N: Temporal fossa and deep Medial and anterior Elevates mandible to close the mandibular division surface of temporal coronoid process and mouth and approximates teeth of trigeminal nerve fascia anterior ramus of (biting motion); retracts the mandible mandible and participates in lateral grinding motions Masseter N: Superficial: zygomatic Angle and lower half of Elevates the mandible; active in up mandibular division arch and maxillary process lateral ramus and down biting motions and of trigeminal nerve Deep portion: zygomatic Lateral coronoid and occlusion of the teeth arch superior ramus in mastication Medial pterygoid N: Greater wing of sphenoid Medial ramus and angle of Elevates the mandible to close mandibular division and pyramidal process mandibular foramen the mouth; protrudes the mandible of trigeminal nerve of palatine bone (with lateral pterygoid). Unilaterally, the medial and lateral pterygoid rotate the mandible forward and to the opposite side Lateral pterygoid N: Superior: inferior crest of Articular disk, capsule, and Protracts mandibular condyle and mandibular division greater wing of sphenoid condyle disk of the temporomandibular of trigeminal nerve bones Neck of mandible and joint forward while the mandibular Inferior: lateral surface of medial condyle head rotates on disk; aids in pterygoid plate opening the mouth. Joint action of the medial and lateral pterygoid rotates the mandible forward and to the opposite side Mylohyoid N: Medial surface of Body of the hyoid bone Elevates the hyoid bone and mylohyoid branch of mandible, entire (floor of the mouth) tongue for swallowing; depresses the trigeminal nerve length the mandible when fixed Geniohyoid N: Mental spine of mandible Body of the hyoid bone Assists in depression of the ventral ramus of C1 mandible; elevates and protracts through hypoglossal the hyoid bone; moves the tongue nerve forward Stylohyoid N: facial Styloid process of Body of the hyoid bone Draws the hyoid bone upward temporal bone and backward in swallowing; assists in opening the mouth and participates in mastication Hall & Brody: Therapeutic Exercise: Moving Toward Function, 2nd Edition © 2005, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

Copy Link

Recommended publications

Reference Sheet 1
MALE SEXUAL SYSTEM 8 7 8 OJ 7 .£l"00\.....• ;:; ::>0\~ <Il '"~IQ)I"->. ~cru::>s ~ 6 5 bladder penis prostate gland 4 scrotum seminal vesicle testicle urethra vas deferens FEMALE SEXUAL SYSTEM 2 1 8 " \ 5 ... - ... j 4 labia \ ""\ bladderFallopian"k. "'"f"";".'''¥'&.tube\'WIT / I cervixt r r' \ \ clitorisurethrauterus 7 \ ~~ ;~f4f~ ~:iJ 3 ovaryvagina / ~ 2 / \ \\"- 9 6 adapted from F.L.A.S.H. Reproductive System Reference Sheet 3: GLOSSARY Anus – The opening in the buttocks from which bowel movements come when a person goes to the bathroom. It is part of the digestive system; it gets rid of body wastes. Buttocks – The medical word for a person’s “bottom” or “rear end.” Cervix – The opening of the uterus into the vagina. Circumcision – An operation to remove the foreskin from the penis. Cowper’s Glands – Glands on either side of the urethra that make a discharge which lines the urethra when a man gets an erection, making it less acid-like to protect the sperm. Clitoris – The part of the female genitals that’s full of nerves and becomes erect. It has a glans and a shaft like the penis, but only its glans is on the out side of the body, and it’s much smaller. Discharge – Liquid. Urine and semen are kinds of discharge, but the word is usually used to describe either the normal wetness of the vagina or the abnormal wetness that may come from an infection in the penis or vagina. Duct – Tube, the fallopian tubes may be called oviducts, because they are the path for an ovum.
[Show full text]
Introduction Remove the Udder Removing the Pizzle (Penis)
fig . removing the udder, cut outwards through the skin fig 2. removing the pizzle Introduction This guide describes the carcass dressing procedures either side of the pizzle joining the cuts around the that are ideally carried out in a deer larder, after back of the scrotum. Continue the single central cut the gralloch has been performed in the field. The through the skin almost to the anus, taking care not Gralloch guide should be considered essential to damage the haunches. Pull the pizzle free where it companion reading. Both are linked to the Carcass runs over the pelvis, cutting the blood vessels. Use Inspection, Carcass Transport, Basic Hygiene, and the knife to free the pizzle where it turns forward Larder guides. inside the “V” of the pelvis. Leave outside the carcass (draped down the back if the carcass is suspended). Remove the udder It will be removed with the aitch bone, bladder, Fig 1. This is best done in the larder but a large udder remainder of the rectum and anus, later. can prevent access to the rear end and may have to be removed in the field before opening the stomach. Split the aitch bone Pinch the skin just in front of the udder and pulling Figs 3. and 4. Note that some venison processors on it all the time, cut around the udder, removing it would prefer that the aitch bone remains intact, whole, with the skin. Do not take the cut any further check before cutting. While causing the least possible rearwards until back in the larder.
[Show full text]
The Appearance of Foramen in the Internal Aspect of the Mental
Okajimas Folia Anat. Jpn., 82(3): 83–88, November, 2005 The Appearance of Foramen in the Internal Aspect of the Mental Region of Mandible from Japanese Cadavers and Dry Skulls Under Macroscopic Observation and Three-dimensional CT Images By Shunji YOSHIDA1),TaisukeKAWAI2),KoichiroOKUTSU2), Takashi YOSUE2), Hitoshi TAKAMORI3), Masataka SUNOHARA and Iwao SATO1) 1Department of Anatomy, 2Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology School of Dentistry at Tokyo, 3Oral Implant Clinic, Nippon Dental University at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan – Received for Publication, June 28, 2005 – Key Words: Lingual foramen, CT, Mandible Summary: The lingual canal with foramen displays different appearances on the internal surfaces of mandible as con- ﬁrmed by macroscopic observation and computerized tomography (CT). The lingual canal was observed in the inside of mental region run to the outside of lingual foramen, which is extend internally from mandibular canal in right and left sides of the mandible in cadavers (13 sides out of 88 sides) and in dry skulls (43 out of 94 sides) examined. The spinal foramen connected with mental canal occurred at the midline of mandible in 6 cases (6 out of 47 cases) in dry skulls. In this small foramen, the inferior alveolar artery give some branches to the inside of mental region at the anterior man- dible and which may be run pass through the lingual canal to the lingual foramen, where they emerge to enter the mylohyoid or anterior belly of digastric muscles. The observations of these are important considerations for surgical placement of dental implants in the region in the mandible. The anatomical location, course and arrange- treatments.
[Show full text]
Mechanics in the Production of Mandibular Technique. I
Mechanics in the Production of Mandibular Fractures: A Study with the "Stresscoat' Technique. I. Symphyseal Impacts DONALD F. HUELKE Department of Anatomy, University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor, Michigan A recent study of 319 case histories of mandibular fractures by Hagan and Huelke' has shown that certain areas of the jaw are fractured more often than others and that the incidence of certain mandibular fractures is greater when the blow is directed to specific regions of the jaw. Relatively little is known about the response of the mandi- ble to impact, except that, when the magnitude of a blow is sufficient, the bone will break. How does the mandible fracture, and what are the mechanisms involved? These questions have not been answered because of the lack of experimental data. Obtaining these data is an engineering problem involving stresses, strains, impacts, energies, and forces, and thus engineering techniques must be used. This report, the first of a series of studies on the mechanism of mandibular frac- tures, presents data on forces and impacts applied to the chin point of the mandible and the resultant deformations of the bone. The results of these tests are correlated with certain clinical findings. Terminology.-Throughout this report certain terminology generally used in engi- neering will be employed. Some of these terms need to be defined. The term force is defined as a push or pull. The various types of force are illustrated in Figure 1. Ten- sile forces (tension) tend to pull an object apart; compressive forces (compression) push the particles forming an object together, while shearing forces make one part of an object slide over another part of the same object.
[Show full text]
View of Urothelial and Metastatic Carcinoma Including Clinical Presentation, Diagnostic Testing, Treatment and Chiropractic Considerations Is Discussed
Daniels et al. Chiropractic & Manual Therapies (2016) 24:14 DOI 10.1186/s12998-016-0097-8 CASE REPORT Open Access Bladder metastasis presenting as neck, arm and thorax pain: a case report Clinton J. Daniels1,2,3*, Pamela J. Wakefield1,2 and Glenn A. Bub1,2 Abstract Background: A case of metastatic carcinoma secondary to urothelial carcinoma presenting as musculoskeletal pain is reported. A brief review of urothelial and metastatic carcinoma including clinical presentation, diagnostic testing, treatment and chiropractic considerations is discussed. Case presentation: This patient presented in November 2014 with progressive neck, thorax and upper extremity pain. Computed tomography revealed a destructive soft tissue mass in the cervical spine and additional lytic lesion of the 1st rib. Prompt referral was made for surgical consultation and medical management. Conclusion: Distant metastasis is rare, but can present as a musculoskeletal complaint. History of carcinoma should alert the treating chiropractic physician to potential for serious disease processes. Keywords: Chiropractic, Neck pain, Transitional cell carcinoma, Bladder cancer, Metastasis, Case report Background serious complication of UC is distant metastasis—with Urothelial carcinoma (UC), also known as transitional higher stage cancer and lymph involvement worsening cell carcinoma (TCC), accounts for more than 90 % of prognosis and cancer survival rate [10]. The 5-year all bladder cancers and commonly metastasizes to the cancer-specific survival rate of UC is estimated to be pelvic lymph nodes, lungs, liver, bones and adrenals or 78 % [10, 11]. brain [1, 2]. The spread of bladder cancer is mainly done Neck pain accounts for 24 % of all disorders seen by via the lymphatic system with the most frequent location chiropractors [12].
[Show full text]
Is the Skeleton Male Or Female? the Pelvis Tells the Story
Activity: Is the Skeleton Male or Female? The pelvis tells the story. Distinct features adapted for childbearing distinguish adult females from males. Other bones and the skull also have features that can indicate sex, though less reliably. In young children, these sex-related features are less obvious and more difficult to interpret. Subtle sex differences are detectable in younger skeletons, but they become more defined following puberty and sexual maturation. What are the differences? Compare the two illustrations below in Figure 1. Female Pelvic Bones Male Pelvic Bones Broader sciatic notch Narrower sciatic notch Raised auricular surface Flat auricular surface Figure 1. Female and male pelvic bones. (Source: Smithsonian Institution, illustrated by Diana Marques) Figure 2. Pelvic bone of the skeleton in the cellar. (Source: Smithsonian Institution) Skull (Cranium and Mandible) Male Skulls Generally larger than female Larger projections behind the Larger brow ridges, with sloping, ears (mastoid processes) less rounded forehead Square chin with a more vertical Greater definition of muscle (acute) angle of the jaw attachment areas on the back of the head Figure 3. Male skulls. (Source: Smithsonian Institution, illustrated by Diana Marques) Female Skulls Smoother bone surfaces where Smaller projections behind the muscles attach ears (mastoid processes) Less pronounced brow ridges, Chin more pointed, with a larger, with more vertical forehead obtuse angle of the jaw Sharp upper margins of the eye orbits Figure 4. Female skulls. (Source: Smithsonian Institution, illustrated by Diana Marques) What Do You Think? Comparing the skull from the cellar in Figure 5 (below) with the illustrated male and female skulls in Figures 3 and 4, write Male or Female to note the sex depicted by each feature.
[Show full text]
Download The
Review of the arterial anatomy in the anterior mandible Review of the arterial vascular anatomy for implant placement in the anterior mandible Abstract Objective José Carlos Balaguer Marti,* Juan Guarinos,† The placement of implants in the anterior region of the mandible is not Pedro Serrano Sánchez,† Amparo Ruiz Torner,* free of risk and can even sometimes be life-threatening. The aim of this * * David Peñarrocha Oltra & Miguel Peñarrocha Diago article is to review the anatomy of the anterior mandible regarding the *Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and placement of implants in this region. Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain † Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Materials and methods Odontology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain An anatomical study was conducted in cadavers to analyze the various Corresponding author: anatomical structures of the anterior region of the mandible. A literature review was also undertaken. Dr. David Peñarrocha Oltra Clínicas odontológicas Gascó Oliag, 1 46021 Valencia Results Spain The sublingual and submental arteries are the main supply of the sublin- T & F +34 963 86 4139 [email protected] gual region. These arteries are usually located at a safe distance from the alveolar ridge, but in cases of severe atrophy or anatomical variations, there may be an increased risk of damage during the placement of dental How to cite this article: implants and serious complications may arise. Balaguer Marti JC, Guarinos J, Serrano Sánchez P, Ruiz Torner A, Peñarrocha Oltra D, Peñarrocha Diago M. Conclusion Review of the arterial vascular anatomy for implant placement in the anterior mandible. The injury of the vessels in the ﬂoor of the mouth could lead to severe complications.
[Show full text]
The Ear, Nose, and Throat Exam Jeffrey Texiera, MD and Joshua Jabaut, MD CPT, MC, USA LT, MC, USN
The Ear, Nose, and Throat Exam Jeffrey Texiera, MD and Joshua Jabaut, MD CPT, MC, USA LT, MC, USN Midatlantic Regional Occupational and Environmental Medicine Conference Sept. 23, 2017 Disclosures ●We have no funding or financial interest in any product featured in this presentation. The items included are for demonstration purposes only. ●We have no conflicts of interest to disclose. Overview ● Overview of clinically oriented anatomy - presented in the format of the exam ● The approach ● The examination ● Variants of normal anatomy ● ENT emergencies ● Summary/highlights ● Questions Anatomy ● The head and neck exam consists of some of the most comprehensive and complicated anatomy in the human body. ● The ear, nose, and throat comprise a portion of that exam and a focused clinical encounter for an acute ENT complaint may require only this portion of the exam. Ears www.Medscape.com www.taqplayer.info Ear – Vestibular organ www.humanantomylibrary.com Nose/Sinus Anatomy Inferior Middle Turbinate Turbinate Septum Dorsum Sidewalls Ala Floor Tip www.ENT4Students.blogspot.com Columella Vestibule www.beautyepic.com Oral cavity and oropharynx (throat) www.apsubiology.org Neck www.rdhmag.com The Ear, Nose, and Throat exam Perform in a standardized systematic way that works for you Do it the same way every time, this mitigates risk of missing a portion of the exam Practice the exam to increase comfort with performance and familiarize self with variants of normal Describe what you are doing to the patient, describe what you see in your documentation Use your PPE as appropriate A question to keep in mind… ●T/F: The otoscope is the optimal tool for examining the tympanic membrane.
[Show full text]
The Cat Mandible (II): Manipulation of the Jaw, with a New Prosthesis Proposal, to Avoid Iatrogenic Complications
animals Review The Cat Mandible (II): Manipulation of the Jaw, with a New Prosthesis Proposal, to Avoid Iatrogenic Complications Matilde Lombardero 1,*,† , Mario López-Lombardero 2,†, Diana Alonso-Peñarando 3,4 and María del Mar Yllera 1 1 Unit of Veterinary Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Animal Production and Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Campus of Lugo—University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; [email protected] 2 Engineering Polytechnic School of Gijón, University of Oviedo, 33203 Gijón, Spain; [email protected] 3 Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Campus of Lugo—University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002 Lugo, Spain; [email protected] 4 Veterinary Clinic Villaluenga, calle Centro n◦ 2, Villaluenga de la Sagra, 45520 Toledo, Spain * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-982-822-333 † Both authors contributed equally to this manuscript. Simple Summary: The small size of the feline mandible makes its manipulation difficult when fixing dislocations of the temporomandibular joint or mandibular fractures. In both cases, non-invasive techniques should be considered first. When not possible, fracture repair with internal fixation using bone plates would be the best option. Simple jaw fractures should be repaired first, and caudal to rostral. In addition, a ventral approach makes the bone fragments exposure and its manipulation easier. However, the cat mandible has little space to safely place the bone plate screws without damaging the tooth roots and/or the mandibular blood and nervous supply. As a consequence, we propose a conceptual model of a mandibular prosthesis that would provide biomechanical Citation: Lombardero, M.; stabilization, avoiding any unintended (iatrogenic) damage to those structures.
[Show full text]
Study Guide Medical Terminology by Thea Liza Batan About the Author
Study Guide Medical Terminology By Thea Liza Batan About the Author Thea Liza Batan earned a Master of Science in Nursing Administration in 2007 from Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio. She has worked as a staff nurse, nurse instructor, and level department head. She currently works as a simulation coordinator and a free- lance writer specializing in nursing and healthcare. All terms mentioned in this text that are known to be trademarks or service marks have been appropriately capitalized. Use of a term in this text shouldn’t be regarded as affecting the validity of any trademark or service mark. Copyright © 2017 by Penn Foster, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner. Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be mailed to Copyright Permissions, Penn Foster, 925 Oak Street, Scranton, Pennsylvania 18515. Printed in the United States of America CONTENTS INSTRUCTIONS 1 READING ASSIGNMENTS 3 LESSON 1: THE FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY 5 LESSON 2: DIAGNOSIS, INTERVENTION, AND HUMAN BODY TERMS 28 LESSON 3: MUSCULOSKELETAL, CIRCULATORY, AND RESPIRATORY SYSTEM TERMS 44 LESSON 4: DIGESTIVE, URINARY, AND REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM TERMS 69 LESSON 5: INTEGUMENTARY, NERVOUS, AND ENDOCRINE S YSTEM TERMS 96 SELF-CHECK ANSWERS 134 © PENN FOSTER, INC. 2017 MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY PAGE III Contents INSTRUCTIONS INTRODUCTION Welcome to your course on medical terminology. You’re taking this course because you’re most likely interested in pursuing a health and science career, which entails proficiencyincommunicatingwithhealthcareprofessionalssuchasphysicians,nurses, or dentists.
[Show full text]
Silent Reflux (Also Called LPR Or EOR)
Silent reflux (also called LPR or EOR) This leaflet explains what your condition is, why it happens, what the symptoms are and how it can be managed. If there is anything you don’t understand or if you have any further questions please talk to your doctor or nurse. What is silent reflux? Everyone has juices in the stomach which are acidic and digest and break down food. At the top of the stomach there is a muscular valve which closes to prevent food and stomach juices escaping upwards into the gullet. If this muscular valve (oesophageal sphincter) does not work very well, the stomach juices can leak backwards into the gullet, causing reflux or symptoms of indigestion (heartburn). However, in some people, small amounts of stomach juice can spill even further back into the back of your throat, affecting the throat lining and your voice box (larynx) and causing irritation and hoarseness. This is known as laryngo pharyngeal reflux (LPR) or extra oesophageal reflux (EOR). Its common name is 'silent reflux' because many people do not experience any of the classic symptoms of heartburn or indigestion. Silent reflux can occur during the day or night, even if a person hasn't eaten anything. Usually, however, silent reflux occurs at night. What are the symptoms of silent reflux? The most common symptoms are: • A sensation of food sticking or a feeling of a lump in the throat. • A hoarse, tight or 'croaky' voice. • Frequent throat clearing. • Difficulty swallowing (especially tablets or solid foods). • A sore, dry and sensitive throat. • Occasional unpleasant "acid" or "bilious" taste at the back of the mouth.
[Show full text]
Results Description of the SKULLS. the Overall Size of Both Skulls Was Considered to Be Within Normal Limits for Their Ethnic
Ossification Defects and Craniofacial Morphology In Incomplete Forms of Mandibulofacial Dysostosis A Description of Two Dry Skulls ERIK DAHL, D.D.S., DR. ODONT. ARNE BJORK, D.D.S., ODONT. DR. Copenhagen, Denmark The morphology of two East Indian dry skulls exhibiting anomalies which were suggested to represent incomplete forms of mandibulofacial dysostosis is described. Obvious although minor ossification anomalies were found localized to the temporal, sphenoid, the zygomatic, the maxillary and the mandibular bones. The observations substantiate the concept of the regional and bilateral nature of this malformation syndrome. Bilateral orbital deviations, hypoplasia of the malar bones, and incomplete zygomatic arches appear to be hard tissue aberrations which may be helpful in exami- nation for subclinical carrier status. Changes in mandibular morphology seem to be less distinguishing features in incomplete or abortive types of mandibulofacial dysostosis. KEY WORDS craniofacial problems, mandible, mandibulofacial dysostosis, maxilla, sphenoid bone, temporal bone, zygomatic bone Mandibulofacial dysostosis (MFD) often roentgencephalometric examinations were results in the development of a characteristic made of the skulls, and tomograms were ob- facial disfigurement with considerable simi- tained of the internal and middle ear. Com- larity between affected individuals. However, parisons were made with normal adult skulls the symptoms may vary highly in respect to and with an adult skull exhibiting the char- type and degree, and both incomplete and acteristics of MFD. All of the skulls were from abortive forms of the syndrome have been the same ethnic group. ' reported in the literature (Franceschetti and Klein, 1949; Moss et al., 1964; Rogers, 1964). Results In previous papers, we have shown the DEsCRIPTION OF THE SKULLS.
[Show full text]