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MYTHOLOGY Monday, April 6, 2020 Required Reading West Plains R-VII Public Schools Lesson Outline for April 6 - 10, 2020 West Plains Schools 610 East Olden Street Teacher: Schilmoeller West Plains, MO 65775-2617 Phone: 417-256-6150 Teacher’s EMAIL: [email protected] Fax: 417-256-8616 Dear student and parent/guardian, Due to the prolonged school closure, we are asking parents to join in helping ensure their child(ren) continue to complete the following assignments. While set “class times” will not be held, teachers will regularly be sending learning activities and assignments for collection as evidence of your child’s work during the extended closure. Work will be collected when school resumes. Your child’s teacher will be in contact with you through our already established communication avenues including (1) email; (2) automated phone calls; and (3) website updates. Parents need to be sure they have updated contact information on file with the school district. Please login to Infinite Campus at https://www.zizzers.org/domain/67 and ensure your information is correct. If you need to update the information, please contact your school and provide updated phone and/or email to ensure you don’t miss key information from the school district. Plans for April 6 - 10, 2020 Subject: MYTHOLOGY Monday, April 6, 2020 Assignment (s) Required Reading: Read the section named “Norse Mythology” We are going “Norse Mythology” to start the Norse unit as best we can. A warning about my file--these are older files from my backup flash drives. I am always amending, correcting, and improving my notes and these are potentially out of date with my process. Is there a handout attached for this assignment? ◻YES ◻NO Tyr’s Day, April 7, 2020 Assignment (s) Required Reading: You should have read the Mythology section below. I “Norse Mythology” would like you to quiz yourself, either see what you remember and look at the reading, have someone else quiz you, or any other way you can challenge yourself to see if you know how the Norse see their world’s creation. Is there a handout attached for this assignment? ◻YES ◻NO Woden’s Day, April 8, 2020 Assignment (s) Required Reading: Please read the Pantheon notes through the Aesir. That is a “Norse Pantheon” Geography through Aesir lengthy list of new names, so we’ll take this slow and easy. Some of the names you will probably recognize, but there are a lot of crazy spellings as this is a new and different mythos than we are used to. Remember that Norse is one of the major foundations of our predominantly European- informed culture. Is there a handout attached for this assignment? ◻YES ◻NO West Plains High School West Plains Middle School West Plains Elementary School South Fork Elementary School 602 East Olden St. 730 East Olden St. 1136 Allen St. 3209 US Hwy 160 West Plains, MO 65775 West Plains, MO 65775 West Plains, MO 65775 West Plains, MO 65775 Phone: 417-256-6150 Phone: 417-256-6150 Phone: 417-256-6150 Phone: 417-256-2836 Fax: 417-256-8907 West Plains R-VII Public Schools Lesson Outline for April 6 - 10, 2020 Thor’s Day, April 9, 2020 Assignment (s) Required Reading: Today is a lighter day with only the Vanir and Jotun. The “Norse Pantheon” Vanir and Jotun Vanir are an older, rival race of gods that the Aesir defeated. This is similar to the Greek Olympians replacing the Titans that came before them. Is there a handout attached for this assignment? ◻YES ◻NO Frigga’s/Freya’s Day, April 10, 2020 Assignment (s) Required Reading: The last section of the Pantheon includes humans, monsters, “Norse Pantheon” Humans through Artifacts/Things creatures, artifacts, and some interesting things. Next week, I will be giving you brief stories about various things on these two documents from this week. If you would keep them handy, review them, and have them at hand to help you navigate through the various stories and their actors. Is there a handout attached for this assignment? ◻YES ◻NO Norse Mythology (mainly from Bulfinch, some Hamilton) Many of the Norse stories come from the Edda; the Elder Edda 1056 and the younger Edda 1640. They were written by a Christianized man in Iceland wishing to preserve the tales for poets (Snorri Sturluson). Before the world and heaven were made, there was a bottomless deep and a misty fountain. From the fountain flowed twelve rivers, which froze as they flowed away, forming layers in the deep, filling it to make a world of ice. In the south, there was light and warmth and where the two met, Ymir the giant sprang into being, nourished by his cow, Audhumbla. The cow licked the ice, Ymir drank its milk. The cow uncovered a god who married Ymir’s daughter and they gave birth to Odin, Vili, and Vé who grew up and slew Ymir. From his corpse, they made the heavens and earth, his blood became the seas, mountains were made of his bones, trees from his hair, his skull made the heavens, the brain made the clouds and Midgard was made from his eyebrows. Hamilton varies in that she adds the frost maidens and Ymir formed by the drops of water between north and south, Ymir’s son was Odin’s father, and Frigga was a frost maiden. She also adds sparks from Muspelheim (the south) formed the sun, moon, and stars, and the north is called Niflheim. Odin regulated the sun and moon, day and night, but still felt the world needed mankind. Aske, the first man, was made of an ash tree. Embla, the first woman, was made of an alder (Hamilton—elm) tree. Odin gave the humans life and a soul, Vili granted reason and motion, and Vé gave her speech, the senses, and expressive features. Odin has several “pets” to help him watch over the world: two ravens, Hugin (thought) and Munin (memory) who bring him tidings and news, his wolves Geri and Freki, and his eight-legged horse, Sleipnir, who can outrace the wind. The universe is held up by Yggdrasill, which has roots extending to Asgard, Jotunheim and Niflheim, sprang from Ymir’s corpse. The root to Asgard is guarded by the Norns - Urðr (Past), Verðandi (Present) and West Plains High School West Plains Middle School West Plains Elementary School South Fork Elementary School 602 East Olden St. 730 East Olden St. 1136 Allen St. 3209 US Hwy 160 West Plains, MO 65775 West Plains, MO 65775 West Plains, MO 65775 West Plains, MO 65775 Phone: 417-256-6150 Phone: 417-256-6150 Phone: 417-256-6150 Phone: 417-256-2836 Fax: 417-256-8907 West Plains R-VII Public Schools Lesson Outline for April 6 - 10, 2020 Skuld (Future) – and its water, Urda’s Well. There is also the Well of Knowledge guarded by Mímir the Wise. The serpent, Niðhögg (darkness), gnaws the root to Niflheim which will kill the tree. Four harts, the winds, run through the tree, eating its buds and Ymir shakes the tree when he tries to throw it off him. The giants, Frost and Mountain, live in Jotunheim and represent the powers of the earth and will overcome the gods of Asgard in the end, during Ragnarok, the Last Battle. Ragnarok will be heralded by three years of war, followed by three years of winter without summer and then earthquakes will shatter the bonds of Loki and his children and the final battle of Gods and Giants will take place. Heimdallr sounds the Gjallarhorn and Bifröst shatters as the giants come across to Asgard. Tyr kills the wolf, Garm, but dies in Surtur’s fire. Thor kills the Midgard Serpent, Jormungandr, but dies from its venom. Odin falls to the wolf Fenris which in turn is killed by Vidar. Heimdall and Loki battle until they slay each other. Surtur kills Frey and burns the universe down, the sky and stars go out and the earth sinks into the sea. There is possible Christian influence on the rest of the tale, which is that One greater than Odin, the Alfadur, will bring a new heaven, a man and woman who were hidden in Yggdrasill will repopulate the world, and the children of the gods will be there as the cycle starts again. Other versions say that Baldur will come back and bring in this new age. In any case, we have little evidence these hopeful tales are what the ancient Norse believed. Norse Pantheon: Geography: -Ginnungagap: the crevice between Niflheim and Muspelheim that fills with ice, creating the plane of the universe; where life sprang from (Ymir), foundation for Yggdrasil. -Yggdrasil: the ash tree that supports the nine worlds of the universe; the world tree fed by three wells: Hvergelmir in Niflheim, guarded by the dragon Nidhogg; Mímisbrunnr, Well of Mímir, in Midgard, guarded by the god Mímir, also called the Well of Knowledge; Urdarbrunnr, the Well of Urd, in Asgard, guarded by the Norns. -The Higher Level: the heavens, includes Álfheim, Asgard, and Vanaheim. -Álfheim: the world of the elves, home and realm of Frey. -Asgard: the world of the Æsir, the gods, many homes and keeps, but Valhalla is probably the most famous hall belonging to Odin. It is the resting place of the Einherjar, the dead heroes the Valkryies gather for Odin against Ragnarok. -Vanaheim: the world of the Vanir, a rival race of gods. -The Middle Level: -Jötunheim: the world of the giants with three main strongholds/cities, Gastropnir, Thrymheim and Utgard. -Midgard: “Middle Earth”, home of men. -Nidavellir and Svartalfheim: homes of the dwarves and dark elves respectively — possibly the same place.
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