Mr 19 No 2 Drft 7.Indd

E H T microReport M ICROMERITICS I NSTRUMENT C ORPORATION VOLUME 19 NO. 2

Micromeritics Improves its Ability to Service Customers with the Move of its U.S. Headquarters to a New Facility In This Issue

Micromeritics Moves to New Headquarters ...... 1

The Sixth Instrument Grant Award Winner Announced ...... 2

Micromeritics Introduces the Particle Insight Under its New Particulate Systems Brand Micromeritics New 140,000 sq. ft. Headquarters ...... 3 icromeritics has moved its U.S. corporate headquar- Two New Scientific Mters to a recently purchased 140,000 square foot facility that provides the company with expanded manufac- Posters Available ...... 3 turing and customer service capability. By manufacturing highly reliable instruments and providing superior after- The Heat of Adsorption sales support, Micromeritics has experienced continuous of Hydrogen Gas on growth throughout its history. All corporate functions Lanthanum Pentanickel in the new facility are fully operational. The company ...... 4 address and all telephone numbers remain the same.

What’s New at The new building has doubled Micromeritics’ available floor space and Micromeritics Analytical improved the company’s ...... 6 Services ability to respond to Also... its customers’ needs. The machine shop now Events ...... 7 covers 18,000 square feet, and manufactur- Training Courses ...... 7 ing has been modernized and expanded to approximately 24,000 square feet. New equip- ment includes a surface mount machine providing manufacturing Manufacturing expanded to 24,000 sq. ft. with full control over its

www.micromeritics.com continued on page 2 VOL 19 NO 2

Micromeritics Announces Its Sixth Headquarters continued Instrumentation Grant Award Winner After careful consideration by a special Grant Selection Committee appointed by the president of the company, Micromeritics’ grant award winner for the first circuit board production. quarter of 2008 has been Additional new equip- selected. An AutoChem II ment will be purchased 2920 Catalyst Character- to meet volume demand. ization System has been The applications devel- awarded to the Department opment laboratory and of Chemical and Biologi- Micromeritics Analytical cal Engineering at Tufts Services (MAS) have both University, Medford, MA. AutoChem II 2920 doubled in size to meet According to Prof. Maria dents as leaders in a wide ever-growing demands. Flytzani-Stephanopoulos, range of professions. A The instrument service Principal Investigator and growing number of innova- support department will Director of the Tufts Nano tive teaching and research increase not only in floor Catalysis and Energy Labo- initiatives span all Tufts space, but in personnel to ratory, “The focus of our campuses, and collabora- respond more efficiently to research group is on clean tion among the faculty and installation, maintenance, energy technologies, in students in the undergradu- and repair requirements. particular fuel processing ate, graduate, and profes- Micromeritics’ training and catalytic hydrogen gen- sional programs across center and conference facil- eration, that involve funda- the University’s schools ities have been enlarged mental studies of catalysts, is widely encouraged. and modernized to provide including catalyst prepara- an improved experience for Micromeritics’ Instrument tion, characterization, and visiting customers. Grant Program provides reaction kinetics studies, particle characteriza- The new facility allows as well as investigation of tion instruments to non- Micromeritics to continue different sorption reactions profit universities and to expand its customer for clean-up of product or research organizations for service capability on many exhaust gas streams. Stud- the purpose of fostering different levels. The com- ies of surface processes and and supporting meritori- pany is dedicated to con- materials characterization ous research projects. One tinuing the development are of paramount importance instrument/integrated of state-of-the-art material to our research effort.” system will be awarded science instruments and Tufts University, located on each calendar quarter. providing superior service three Massachusetts cam- into the future. Applications may be sub- puses in Boston, Medford/ mitted at any time in ac- Somerville, and Grafton, cordance with the applica- and in Talloires, France, is tion instructions and will recognized among the pre- remain active for a period mier research universities of one year from the date of in the United States. Tufts submission. Click on Grant enjoys a global reputation Program for a detailed grant for academic excellence and description, application re- for the preparation of stu- quirements, and application.

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Micromeritics Introduces the Particle Insight Size and Shape Analyzer Under its New Particulate Systems Brand icromeritics Instrument ous or organic solvent sus- MCorporation has pensions. The system oper- begun marketing an ates in a range suitable for auxiliary selection of OEM a wide variety of industrial, laboratory instruments biological, and geological to complement its line of specimens from 3 µm up to particle characterization 300 µm in its standard con- products. These products figuration. Its unique recir- will be sold under the culating sample module and umbrella brand, Particulate precision optics are designed to acquire and report statis- Systems, in order to unite Particulate Systems’ tically valid measurements them under a single identity. Particle Insight Micromeritics’ first product quickly, an essential quality addition under the Particu- control capability in many manufacturing processes. option of viewing only those late Systems brand is the particle images that meet any new Particle Insight size and In addition, the Particle Insight fulfills the require- combination of the analyzer’s shape analyzer. The Particle 28 shape parameters. Insight is ideal for applica- ments of FDA 21 CFR Part 11 regulations. tions where the shape, not Micromeritics is excited about just the diameter, of raw Particle Insight features the addition of its Particulate materials is critical to the include the ability to track Systems brand and is looking performance of the final sample shape changes forward to meeting customer product. The Particle In- over time as well as the demands by adding a variety sight offers up to 28 different capability to store a of products to its already shape parameters analyzed collection of particle images. extensive line of particle in real-time in either aque- The user also has the characterization instruments.

VOLUME and DENSITY of MATERIALS The SediGraph Method and density = mass / volume

Density Posters are now Available Defi nition of Mass The quantity of matter in a body regardless Defi nition of Volume of volume; quantifi ed by measuring the The quantity of space occupied by an resistance to being accelerated by an applied object measured in three dimensions. force. Newton’s Second Law: mass = force / Micromeritics Instrument The SediGraph Method of Particle Sizingacceleration. Measurement of Mass Measurement of Volume

An analytical balance determines mass by measuring the force Presented by Micromeritics Instrument Corporation required to prevent the body from accelerating and dividing that force by There are numerous methods by which to determine the volume Corporation is releasing a gravitational acceleration (m = F/g). of a body and all depend on the extent to which the volume of A beam balance determines mass directly. The force on the sample side voids within the body will be included in or excluded from the

of the pivot is Fx = mxg. Balance is achieved by adjusting the known measurement. Some of those methods and techniques follow.

mass mK on the opposite side of the pivot until FK = Fx or mKg = mXg. The X-ray Sedimentation technique for determining the relative mass distribution of a sampleSince byg is constant, particle the unknown size ismass equals the known mass. series of posters illustrating based on two physical principles: sedimentation theory and the absorption of X-radiation. These two theories are embodied in an analytical instrument called the SediGraph. Calculated from Measurements of Linear Dimensions

Applicable to: Type of volume obtained: • Solid bodies of regular shape • Geometrical volume the theories and the tech- Sedimentation Theory Absorption of X-radiation Volumes included: Sources of Measurement Error: (Stokes’ Law) (Beer-Lambert Law) • Solid material below the surface • Linear measurements • Surface protuberances and indentations A particle settling in a liquid will achieve a terminal A beam of photons (X-rays, in this case) • All pores, cracks, and crevices originating at the surface velocity when the gravitational force balances passing through a medium is attenuated in • All internal voids that do not communicate with the surface nologies of our broad line of the buoyancy and drag forces on the particle and proportion to the path length through the is dependent on the size and the density of the medium, its concentration, and the extinction rchimedes’ Principle particle, and the density and viscosity of the liquid. coeffi cient of the medium. A classical beam balance A contemporary electronic analytical balance A based on a principle used since antiquity typically designed around a force measuring device and Applicable to: • Solid bodies of regular and irregular shapes and which measures mass directly dependent upon the local value of gravitational force. lb regardless of gravitational force. 0 Archimedes’ Principle Volumes included (depending on the liquid type automated, particle charac- 7 11 the buoyant force is equal to the weight and its ability to wet the solid material): Translation: Translation: 6 12 of the displaced water 5 13 • Solid material below the wetted surface 4 lb If all other variables are held constant, settling If all other variables are held constant, 0 • Those surface indentations too small for the 7 11 X-ray attenuation is proportionalSources to of mass Mass Measurement Error fl uid to enter velocity is proportional to particle size. 6 12 concentration. 5 13 • Those pores, cracks, and crevices too small for terization analytical labora- 4 the liquid to enter To obtain the most accurate value, be aware of the following sources of error: • All internal voids that do not communicate with • Buoyancy of the sample material in the surrounding medium, typically air. The elegant simplicity of Stokes and Beer-Lambert laws means that interpretation of raw data is straight-forward; the the surface (closed voids) • Electrostatic charge and resulting attractive forces. 3 lb of analyst easily can understand the relationship between the basic measurements and the reported size distribution. water Type of volume obtained: • Adsorption of contaminants from the air, especially water. 3 • Apparent particle volume All experimental parameters are easily determined and data reduction is uncomplicated• Magnetic and attraction fast. (if the sample material is magnetic). lb Sources of measurement error: tory instruments. Figure 1 Figure 2 The error sources above are largely sample material related and will vary from sample to sample. Two sample independent infl uences on mass measurement follow; these are nullifi ed by calibration. • Initial and fi nal measurement of liquid volume A beam balance compensates automatically for these effects. • Unexpected liquid-solid interactions • The gravitational acceleration at different latitudes on the earth’s surface can (dissolution, wetting, absorption, reaction, etc.) vary by as much as 0.53% and the balance must be calibrated accordingly. • Entrainment of air that prohibits liquid to enter MEASUREMENT ZONE • The gravitational acceleration at different altitudes on the earth’s surface can as displacement voids vary by as much as 0.26% from sea level to the G Falling Particles highest elevations. In this series of posters, Applicable to: • Solid bodies of regular and irregular olid medium shapes, and liquids having low vapor Measuring Zone displacement Incident X-Ray pressure S Volumes included (somewhat dependent Volume and Density by Mercury Applicable to: Beam upon the gas type): Intrusion Porosimetry • Solid bodies of regular and irregular shapes the various theories used • Solid material within the envelope of the Volumes included (dependent upon the ability of Although its primary function is to determine gas solid interface the solid medium to conform to surface features): t t t t the distribution of pore volume by pore size, • Any minute pores, cracks, and crevices 0 1 2 3 a mercury porosimeter also is quite capable that are too small for the gas to enter • Solid material within the envelope created by Homogeneous Size separations after three time periods. Transmitted Sample Cell the interface of the solid of determining bulk, envelope, and skeletal • All internal voids that do not communicate X-Ray Beam densities. The unique feature of this instru- • Any minute pores, cracks, and crevices that Size All particles with settling velocity greater than x/tn have with the surface to determine particle char- ment is that the operator not only knows the are too small for the particles to enter Distribution fallen below the measurement zone. lower pore size of the excluded voids, but Type of volume obtained: • All internal voids that do not communicate with can control this limit. • Skeletal volume the surface Sources of measurement error: Type of volume obtained: • Failure to calibrate instrument • Envelope volume Stokes’ Law • Outgassing of solid sample material due to Sources of measurement error: acteristics such as surface Beer-Lambert Law inadequate preparation or excessive vapor • Failure to zero instrument pressure of liquid samples • Taking measurement with an applied force Stokes’ Law describes the drag force on a falling body as a function of its diameter and describes the extent to which a beam of photonsMicromeritics’ (x-rays, in AutoPore • Thermal variations or failure to achieve The Beer-Lambert Law different from the reference force velocity, and other attributes of the body and the medium in which it is falling. When the this case) is attenuated by passing through matter. The intensityMercury of the incident Intrusion beam, Porosimeter I , thermal equilibrium i • Not entering the correct sample chamber size drag force balances the gravitational force, terminal settling velocity (Vt) is achieved. is reduced exponentially to If as it passes through the absorber and is a function of the area, particle size, pore Under these equilibrium conditions, a measurement of terminal velocity allows the force absorptivity (ε) of the system, the concentration (c) of the absorber, and the path length equation to be solved for particle diameter as follows: (d) of the beam through the absorber. This relationship is: I D = V 1/2 [(18ŋ) / (ρ - ρ )g]1/2 ______f t o = exp(-εcd) = T I where D is the diameter of the spherical particle, V its equilibrium sedimentation velocity, i t which defi nes transmittance, T, and has a range of values from 0 to 1, zero meaning and ρ its density. The fl uid medium is characterized by viscosity ŋ and density ρ ; g is the Micromeritics’ GeoPyc Solid volume, pore size, absolute o Micromeritics’ AccuPyc II total absorbance and 1 indicating no absorbance. Displacement Envelope and acceleration of gravity. 1340 Pycnometer In the SediGraph application, there are two conditions that establish the upper and Bulk Density Analyzer By the SediGraph method, the sample is fi rst dispersed in a liquid. Agitation of the lower limits of T, that is, the maximum and minimum signal from the x-ray detector. dispersion assures a homogeneous distribution is maintained in the sample cell prior The maximum signal occurs when the sample cell contains only the dispersion liquid density, envelope den- to the beginning of the test. Agitation is ceased and the particles are allowed to settle. (sample mass fraction = 0%). The minimum signal occurs with a homogeneous The largest particles settle at the highest velocity, so, after each time period, all particles distribution of sample material in the cell (sample mass fraction = 100%). Any greater than a certain size will have fallen below the measuring zone (Figures 1 and 2). signal level between the two extremes is due to the absorbanceVolume of and x-ray Density by some by Displacement of a Solid Medium Volume and Density by Gas Pycnometry Knowing the position of the measuring zone and the elapsed time since sediment began, mass fraction between 0 and 100 percent. At any time, t, the mass fraction in the the settling velocity can be calculated, and through Stokes’ equation, the particle size By this technique, a piece or pieces of a solid sample are placed into a cylinder fi lled with A gas pycnometer measures the pressure difference between an empty sample cell and the cell measurement zone, M , can be calculated fromspecially the x-ray treated transmission, glass microspheres T at that that behave time similar to a fl uid. As the cylinder vibrates, including sample. The increase in pressure is directly related to the volume of gas displaced. boundaries defi ning each size class are determined. t t using ln T a piston compacts the medium around the sample under a specifi ed force. The distance the When helium is used as the analysis gas, essentially all open voids are fi lled, thus Helium density sity, bulk density, catalytic ____t_ piston travels compared to the distance traveled with only the medium in the cylinder combined is often termed true density. Mt = In Ti with the diameter of the cylinder allows envelope volume to be determined.

activity, and active surface WHY PARTICLE SIZE IS IMPORTANT:

Ceramics: Geological/Soil Science: Catalysts: The size range of particles and the distribution of mass in each size class Grain size affects the moisture-holding capacity of soil, drainage rate, Particle size affects the catalytic activity of a metal for structure-sensitive Micromeritics Instrument Corporation strongly affect the ability to sinter a ceramic powder and its forming and the soil’s ability to hold nutrients. Grain size is directly related to catalytic reactions. One Micromeritics Dr., Norcross, GA 30093-1877, USA area are presented. These US Sales: 770.662.3633, International Sales: 770.662.3660 properties as well as the pore size distribution in the fi nished product. transport of sediment. Construction Materials: Customer Orders: 770.662.3636, Fax: 770.662.3696 Particle size distribution information helps determine curing and bonding Cosmetics: Particle size of cement affects setting time and strength characteristics of www.micromeritics.com Part # 134/42901/00 $42.00 procedures, control pore structure, ensure adequate green body strength, The appearance, application, and packaging of cosmetics are infl uenced the fi nished concrete and cement. and produce a fi nal product of desired strength, texture, appearance, and by the particle size distribution of base powders, such as talc, and the density. Minerals and Inorganic Chemicals: posters are now available pigments used for coloring. Reactivity of materials is dependent upon exposed surface area and thus Metal Powders: Pigments: particle size distribution. By controlling particle size, very specifi c pore characteristics can be Particle size alone can affect the tinting strength of a color. As tinting designed into a product. Porosity characteristics often are the key to Abrasives: strength goes up, the quantity of pigment needed to produce required A properly balanced size distribution of abrasive grains and powders is a product performance. Similar to ceramics, the particle size distribution is color intensity goes down. The particle size affects the hiding power of critical to green body and fi nal product strength and density. fundamental consideration whether the material is to be used in slurries, the paints. Also the particle size distribution infl uences gloss, texture, dry blasting, or bonded abrasive tools. Uniform particle size assures through our online catalog, color saturation, and brightness. precise fl ow rates through blast machines and is a critical determination in media management when recycling the abrasive material.

Micromeritics Instrument Corporation One Micromeritics Dr., Norcross, GA 30093-1877, USA US Sales: 770.662.3633, International Sales: 770.662.3660 or by calling customer sup- Customer Orders: 770.662.3636, Fax: 770.662.3696 www.micromeritics.com Part # 512/42901/00 $42.00 port or your sales represen- tative.

3 VOL 19 NO 2

The Heat of Adsorption of Hydrogen Gas on Lanthanum Pentanickel by: Reid Davis Lanthanum pentanickel (LaNi5) is a metal alloy that, under the correct pressure and temperature conditions, will rapidly sorb hydrogen gas and form a metal hydride compound. Hydride forming metal compounds are well known for their ability to sorb large amounts of hydrogen gas at a spe-

cific pressure, store it, and (Torr) Pressure later release the hydrogen at a different, lower pressure. This sorption behavior leads to a distinct “plateau” when hydrogen reacts with the LaNi5, a reaction that is highly dependent on tem- Quantity adsorbed (mol H/ mol/ La) perature, as demonstrated by the pressure composition Figure 1: Isotherms of adsorption of hydrogen on lanthanum pentanickel isotherm, Figure 1. By us- at various temperatures. Adsorption is shown in blue, desorption in red. ing the isotherms collected at different temperatures, a heat of adsorption report smaller sample of five grams Data can be generated, a report was again soaked at 150 psi By running multiple analy- that gives some insight to (~7500 Torr) on the sample ses on the same sample at the reaction mechanisms of port of the ASAP 2050 for different temperatures, it the LaNi -hydrogen system. an additional 48 hours prior becomes possible to generate 5 to running an analysis. The an isosteric heat of adsorp- Materials second soaking was neces- tion report on the sample. A finely powdered 99.9% sary because the LaNi5 The isosteric heat of adsorp- pure LaNi5 was used for this was possibly exposed to air tion is the amount of energy analysis. The hydrogen sam- during routine handling of required for the adsorbate, ple was an ultra high purity the material. An additonal the gas, to adsorb onto the (UHP) grade hydrogen, and hydrogen soak is used to adsorbent, the sample. The likewise, UHP helium was purify and reduce the LaNi5. isosteric heat of adsorption used to measure free space is calculated using isotherms Analysis after analyses. The LaNi of the sample at multiple 5 After the LaNi had been used for analysis was ac- 5 temperatures. The pressure soaked in pure hydrogen, quired from Alfa Aesar®. is interpolated to a set of several analyses were per- equally spaced volume incre- Preparation formed. An analysis consists ments. Using the interpo- The LaNi sample can be of collecting a full pres- 5 lated pressure and volumes, prepared by an extended sure range isotherm on the the natural log of each pres- soak in a high pressure, ASAP 2050, from 0.1 Torr sure point for their respec- pure hydrogen environment. to 7500 Torr. Analyses were tive volumes is plotted with The sample used in these also run at a wide range of respect to 1/RT. The heat of analyses was first soaked as temperatures, from 0 oC adsorption can be directly a large batch in hydrogen up to 60 oC, with analyses calculated for each isostere at 250 psi (~13,000 Torr) run at intermediate tem- on plot by using a derivation for 24 hours, and then a peratures of 20 and 40 oC of the van’t Hoff equation:

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-∆ (H) ∆S ln(P)= + R*T R where: ∆H is enthalpy (heat) of adsorption in kJ/mol, ∆S is entropy of sorption in kJ/ mol*K, P is the pressure in Torr, and R is the gas constant, 0.0083144 kJ/mol*K. Taking the slope of each isosteric line yields the enthal-

py of adsorption for the spe- (kJmole) adsorption of Heat cific volume that the isostere corresponds to, and from the volume and enthalpy data, the heat of adsorption plot can be created, which can be seen in Figure 2. The Quantity absorbed (mole H/mole La) overall heat of adsorption for the LaNi sample can 5 Figure 2: Heat of adsorption for H / LaNi of lanthanum pentanickel be compared to the average 2 5 value of the plateau, which is 30.295 kJ/mol for hydro- molecule dissociates and ab- tion and storage of LaNi5 gen absorbing on LaNi5. sorbs into the LaNi5 as two and interpretation of the The heat of adsorption for hydrogen atoms: Because of results can help determine hydrogen during physisorp- the splitting of the bond in the interaction between the tion is somewhere between 4 the hydrogen molecule, the hydrogen and the LaNi5. to 10 kJ/mol[1] for a typical heat of adsorption greatly carbon sample, but for the increases, up to about 19.6 References LaNi sample, the heat of 1. Gigras, A., Bhatia, S., Kumar, 5 kJ/mol from the dissociation A., Myers, A.. Feasibility of adsorption is calculated to effects alone at 750 Torr and tailoring for high isosteric be 30.295 kJ/mol, agreeing 300 K[3]. The chemisorp- heat to improve effectiveness with published data, which tion of the hydrogen has of hydrogen storage in carbons. Carbon 45, 1043-1050 has LaNi5’s enthalpy rang- the strongest effect on the ing from about 29 to 32 kJ/ heat of adsorption, but the 2. Schlapbach, L., Züttel, A.. Hydrogen-storage materi- mol[2]. This increase in the absorption of hydrogen also als for mobile applications. heat of adsorption over typi- plays a significant role in Nature 414, 353-358 cal enthalpies for the physi- the increased heat of sorp- 3. Sandrock, G., Thomas, G. sorption of hydrogen is the tion. The hydrogen atoms The IEA/DOE/SNL on-line result of the LaNi disasso- from the dissociation process hydride databases. Appl. 5 Phys. A 72, 153-155 ciating and absorbing hydro- absorb into interstitial sites gen. Unlike most materials in the metal lattice, caus- 4. Yamamoto, T., Inui, H., Yama- guchi, M.. Effects of lattice run on the ASAP 2050, such ing the lattice to expand, defects on hydrogen adsorp- as carbons, which employ contributing most of the tion-desorption pressures in physisorption to adsorb remainder of the increased LaNi5. Materials Science and molecular hydrogen, the heat of adsorption[4]. By Engineering 329-331, 367-371 LaNi5 employs chemisorp- using the heat of adsorption tion and actually absorbs report, it becomes appar- atomic hydrogen into the ent that much more than metal structure. During the simple physisorption oc- chemisorption, the hydrogen curs for the hydrogen sorp-

We welcome articles and information concerning particle technology applications performed with Micromeritics instrumentation. See the back page for further information.

5 VOL 19 NO 2

What’s New at MAS

The mission of Micromeritics Analytical Services (MAS) is to provide all our customers with the best in con- tract analytical services. We will continually strive to improve and expand the services provided to meet our customers’ needs.

We are pleased to announce that MAS has moved into a new 5,000 square foot laboratory to better serve our customers and to accommodate the planned expan- Look for Micromeritics sion of our services. The move was completed over the Analytical Services at July 4th weekend to minimize the disruption of services these upcoming events to our customers. We are very pleased with our new and meetings: facilities and welcome everyone to come and visit our new laboratory.

MAS has recently acquired a new particle size analyzer to measure nanoparticle size by dynamic laser AAPS 2008 light scattering or photon correlation spectroscopy. November 16 - 20 Georgia World We are pleased to offer customers many options Congress Center when it comes to sizing nanoparticles, which also Atlanta, GA includes electron microscopy and gas adsorption. This new instrumentation, will greatly enhance our ability to serve the expanding field of nanoparticle research and development.

Meet the members of MAS

velyn Davis has been employed at Micromeritics for E24 years. She has worked exclusively in the laboratory contributing to all areas of the business; including lab analyst, lab coordinator, lab supervisor, and in her current role as Quality and Customer Service Manager. She is a graduate of Georgia Southern University with a degree in Biology. We are extremely fortunate to have her experience and knowledge working as part of Mi- cromeritics Analytical Services. Please feel free to contact her with any quality-related issues or customer service questions, she will be happy to assist in anyway possible.

Evelyn Davis

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Instrument Training Course Schedule See our website for the complete 2009 course schedule. raining is provided for most Troubleshooting www.micromeritics.com TMicromeritics instrumenta- Learn techniques that enable tion at the time of installation. you to locate and quickly resolve This training presents all the instrument problems. 2008 Training information required for a new operator to quickly become Report Generation and proficient operating the instru- Comprehension AutoPore IV 9500 Series ment. In cases where person- Learn to configure reports and November 4 - 6 nel changes occur or more obtain more useful information, advanced training is required, as well as improve comprehension ASAP 2020 Physisorp- of the reports produced. Micromeritics conducts a vari- tion and Chemisorption ety of classes for many of our User Maintenance December 2 - 5 instruments. These courses are Practice routine maintenance held at our headquarters in procedures which improve ASAP 2020 Physisorption suburban Atlanta, Georgia. The operation, reduce downtime, and December 2 - 4 courses include: increase data accuracy. Detailed Operational Theory Overview AutoChem 2920 Procedures Learn about the scientific theory December 9 - 11 Items covered are effective sam- upon which each instrument is For additional information or ple file creation, use of analysis based and how it applies to the to register for the class of your parameters, and manual sam- critical factors relevant to suc- choice, contact the Micromeritics ple entry. You´ll learn how to cessful sample preparation and Training Department at utilize the full power and flex- analysis performance. 770.662.3607. Early registration ibility of the operating software. is recommended since class space Enrollment is limited. Automatic Analysis Training courses last from 2 Develop correct analysis pro- to 4 days and are designed to cedures to optimize collection provide hands-on, performance- of accurate, reproducible data. based instrument knowledge. Much of the class time is spent Small classes guarantee close performing analyses in a con- individual attention. Included trolled, tutorial environment. in the course materials are a Systems Utilities Study Guide, an instrument Discover all of the instrument Operator´s Manual, and other software utilities which help handout materials. Certificates you manage sample information of Completion are also awarded files and directories, protect to all trainees. Students attending a recent Elzone course data, and select system options.

Events AAPS 2008 Interphex 2009 November 16 - 20, 2008 March 17 - 19, 2009 Georgia World Congress Center Jacob Javits Convention Center Atlanta, GA New York, NY Booth 1961

Pittcon 2009 American Chemical Society March 8 - 13, 2009 March 22 - 26, 2009 McCormick Place Salt Palace Convention Center Chicago, IL Salt Lake City, UT

See our website for a complete Event schedule www.micromeritics.com 7 Attention Authors How To Reach Us We welcome articles and information Micromeritics offers over 50 sales, service, and distribution offices through- concerning particle technology appli- out the world. For additional information, a free product demonstration, or cations performed with Micromeritics the location of the office nearest you, call or write: instrumentation. Everything from a single plot with operating conditions HEADQUARTERS: to an in-depth article on physisorp- Micromeritics Instrument Corporation Micromeritics GmbH tion, chemisorption, etc. with sup- One Micromeritics Drive Erftstrasse 54 porting graphs will be considered. Norcross, GA 30093-1877 D-41238 Mönchengladbach, GERMANY If your material is published in The USA Tel: (+49) (0)2166-98708-00 microReport, you will receive a copy Telephone: Fax: (+49) (0)2166-98708-88 of Analytical Methods in Fine Particle U.S. Sales (770) 662-3633 Technology by Paul A. Webb and International Sales (770) 662-3660 Micromeritics Ltd. Clyde Orr. Fax: (770) 662-3696 Unit 2, Chestnut House WEB: www.micromeritics.com 178-182 High Street North Dunstable, Bedfordshire LU6 1AT Send your article to: SUBSIDIARIES: ENGLAND James Kerce, Editor Micromeritics China Tel: (+44) (0)1582-475248 The microReport Apt. 5H, No. 1 Building Fax: (+44) (0)1582-475252 MICROMERITICS Hua-Ao (Epoch Center) One Micromeritics Drive No. 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road, Hai Dian District Micromeritics N.V./S.A. Norcross, GA 30093-1877 Beijing 100089, P.R., CHINA Eugene Plaskylaan 140B 1030 Brussels, BELGIUM [email protected] Tel: (+86) (0)10-6848-9371 Fax: (+86) (0)10-6848-9371 Tel: (+32) 2-743-39-74 Fax: (+32) 2-743-39-79 Include your title, return address and Micromeritics Shanghai China phone number. Contributions cannot Room 15M, J Building, Ladoll International Micromeritics SRL be returned, but each will be acknowl- No. 831 XinZha Road, JingAn District, Via W. Tobagi n. 26/7 edged. Shanghai 200041, CHINA 20068 Peschiera Borromeo Milano, ITALY Micromeritics France S.A. Tel: (+39) (0)2 553 02833 Parc Alata Fax: (+39) (0)2 553 02843 Rue Antoine Laurent Lavoisier 60550 - Verneuil en Halatte, FRANCE Partnering with: Tel: (+33) (0)33-3-44-64-6080 Fax: (+33) (0)33-3-44-64-6089 E H T microReport The Science and Technology of Small Particles™ Micromeritics The microReport newsletter is One Micromeritics Drive published by Micromeritics Norcross, GA 30093-1877, U.S.A. Instrument Corporation. Editor: James Kerce, (770) 662-3654

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