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United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922
Cover: During World War I, convoys carried almost two million men to Europe. In this 1920 oil painting “A Fast Convoy” by Burnell Poole, the destroyer USS Allen (DD-66) is shown escorting USS Leviathan (SP-1326). Throughout the course of the war, Leviathan transported more than 98,000 troops. Naval History and Heritage Command 1 United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922 Frank A. Blazich Jr., PhD Naval History and Heritage Command Introduction This document is intended to provide readers with a chronological progression of the activities of the United States Navy and its involvement with World War I as an outside observer, active participant, and victor engaged in the war’s lingering effects in the postwar period. The document is not a comprehensive timeline of every action, policy decision, or ship movement. What is provided is a glimpse into how the 20th century’s first global conflict influenced the Navy and its evolution throughout the conflict and the immediate aftermath. The source base is predominately composed of the published records of the Navy and the primary materials gathered under the supervision of Captain Dudley Knox in the Historical Section in the Office of Naval Records and Library. A thorough chronology remains to be written on the Navy’s actions in regard to World War I. The nationality of all vessels, unless otherwise listed, is the United States. All errors and omissions are solely those of the author. Table of Contents 1914..................................................................................................................................................1 -
US Fleet Organization, 1939
US Fleet Organization 1939 Battle Force US Fleet: USS California (BB-44)(Force Flagship) Battleships, Battle Force (San Pedro) USS West Virginia (BB-48)(flagship) Battleship Division 1: USS Arizona (BB-39)(flag) USS Nevada (BB-36) USS Pennsylvania (BB-38)(Fl. Flag) Air Unit - Observation Sqn 1-9 VOS Battleship Division 2: USS Tennessee (BB-43)(flag) USS Oklahoma (BB-37) USS California (BB-44)(Force flagship) Air Unit - Observation Sqn 2-9 VOS Battleship Division 3: USS Idaho (BB-42)(flag) USS Mississippi (BB-41) USS New Mexico (BB-40) Air Unit - Observation Sqn 3-9 VOS Battleship Division 4: USS West Virginia (BB-48)(flag) USS Colorado (BB-45) USS Maryland (BB-46) Air Unit - Observation Sqn 4-9 VOS Cruisers, Battle Force: (San Diego) USS Honolulu (CL-48)(flagship) Cruiser Division 2: USS Trenton (CL-11)(flag) USS Memphis (CL-13) Air Unit - Cruiser Squadron 2-4 VSO Cruiser Division 3: USS Detroit (CL-8)(flag) USS Cincinnati (CL-6) USS Milwaukee (CL-5) Air Unit - Cruiser Squadron 3-6 VSO Cruise Division 8: USS Philadelphia (CL-41)(flag) USS Brooklyn (CL-40) USS Savannah (CL-42) USS Nashville (CL-43) Air Unit - Cruiser Squadron 8-16 VSO Cruiser Division 9: USS Honolulu (CL-48)(flag) USS Phoneix (CL-46) USS Boise (CL-47) USS St. Louis (CL-49)(when commissioned Air Unit - Cruiser Squadron 8-16 VSO 1 Destroyers, Battle Force (San Diego) USS Concord (CL-10) Ship Air Unit 2 VSO Destroyer Flotilla 1: USS Raleigh (CL-7)(flag) Ship Air Unit 2 VSO USS Dobbin (AD-3)(destroyer tender) (served 1st & 3rd Squadrons) USS Whitney (AD-4)(destroyer tender) -
2012 Spring Edition
2012 Spring Edition Commander General In the next few months, various commanderies will hold Battle of Midway celebrations. The San Francisco Commandery will Report to the Order conduct the Memorial Day services at the newly named USS Francisco National Park at Land’s End. In the past three months there have been various The Admiral Chester Nimitz statue project is progressing. The commemorative activities and preferred site on the grounds of the National Park Service World awards by the Order and local War II Valor in the Pacific National Park Visitor center at Pearl commanderies. Harbor is currently being discussed with the National Park Service with the assistance of Senator Daniel Inouye’s office. The The nomination and selection total cost of the statue project is $100,000 and an anonymous of the Distinguished Sea donor has agreed to match contributions to the project up to Service Award has been completed and Admiral Mike Mullen $50,000. A fund raising campaign is currently being planned by was selected as the 2012 DSSA awardee. Admiral Mullen Naval Order Foundation Treasurer CAPT Al Serafini and Vice- th retired 30 September 2011 as the 17 Chairman of the Joint Commander General-Development CAPT Martin McNair. Chiefs of Staff and previously served as the Navy’s 28 th Chief Perhaps the hardest working National Officer is Vice of Naval Operations. He is Commander-Membership Donald Schuld, who last year was only the third naval officer in instrumental in establishing the Charleston Commander. He has Navy history to be appointed identified an eager and energetic young Supply Corps Lieutenant to four different four-star Commander who has agreed to take over as the Commander of assignments, the other officers the Massachusetts Commandery in Boston. -
Adobe PDF File
BOOK REVIEWS Frank Broeze (ed.). Maritime History at the more importantly for the future of maritime Crossroads: A Critical Review of Recent Histori• history (and its funding), this literature has made ography. "Research in Maritime History," No. 9; little impact on main stream historiography. Not St. John's, NF: International Maritime Economic only in The Netherlands or in Denmark but History Association, 1995. xxi + 294 pp. US $15 virtually everywhere (with the possible exception (free to members of the IMEHA), paper; ISBN 0- of Great Britain), maritime history is on the 9695885-8-5. periphery of historical scholarship. Of all the national historiographies surveyed This collection of thirteen essays sets out to pro• in this volume, perhaps Canada's has had the most vide a review of the recent literature in maritime spectacular growth in the last twenty years. Most history. The inspiration for the compendium grew of this work has been as a result of the research out of the "New Directions in Maritime History" done by the Atlantic Canada Shipping Project at conference held at Fremantle, Western Australia Memorial University in St. John's. Canadian in 1993. Included in the collection are historio• maritime history scarcely existed before the graphies for eleven countries (or portions there• advent of the project. But while the nineteenth- of): Australia, Canada, China, Denmark, Ger• century shipping of Atlantic Canada has been many, Greece, India, The Netherlands, the Otto• analyzed, much remains to be done. Work has man Empire, Spain, and the United States. One only begun on twentieth century topics (naval essay deals with South America, another concerns history excepted). -
Adapting to Innovation: the Us Navy, High-Steam Destroyers, and the Second World War
ABSTRACT Title of Document: ADAPTING TO INNOVATION: THE US NAVY, HIGH-STEAM DESTROYERS, AND THE SECOND WORLD WAR. Tyler A. Pitrof, Master of Arts, 2013 Directed By: Associate Professor Jon T. Sumida, Department of History The US Navy’s move to high-pressure and -temperature steam propulsion, otherwise known as “high steam,” has been viewed in the postwar period as a critical advance that made long-range operations possible during World War II. This position, which is almost entirely reliant on the autobiography of Rear Admiral Harold G. Bowen, has neglected to consider the complex and problematic nature of the supply chain required to produce high-steam turbines. Archival research has revealed that the US Navy’s insensitivity to these changes after 1938 caused severe bottlenecks in wartime destroyer production. Also overlooked was the aggressive administrative action on the part of the Navy’s Bureau of Ships and its turbine subcontractors required to mitigate this crisis. Together, these events formed an important example of the need to adapt administratively to match the advance of technology. ADAPTING TO INNOVATION: THE US NAVY, HIGH-STEAM DESTROYERS, AND THE SECOND WORLD WAR. By Tyler A. Pitrof Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Military History 2013 Advisory Committee: Professor Jon T. Sumida, Chair Professor Arthur Eckstein Professor Robert Friedel © Copyright by Tyler A. Pitrof 2013 Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................... ii List of Tables ............................................................................................................... iii List of Figures .............................................................................................................. iv Introduction .................................................................................................................. -
Americanlegionvo1356amer.Pdf (9.111Mb)
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December 2003
December 2003 THE JERSEYMAN To our United States Armed Forces From the volunteers of USS NEW JERSEY (BB-62) Happy Holidays, Happy New Year, and Thank You for your service God Bless America 2 THE JERSEYMAN DECEMBER 2003 HISTORY OF U.S.S. NEW JERSEY ... “TYPHOON COBRA,” DECEMBER 18, 1944 - Thousands of US sailors serving aboard the 130 plus ships of Task Force 38, rode out a terrible storm on December 18, 1944, and it is sadly remembered today as “Typhoon Cobra.” This storm resulted in 3 capsized destroyers, the loss of 790 men, the total destruction of 146 badly needed combat aircraft, and brought crippling dam- age to many ships. Especially hard hit were the CVL’s (Light Aircraft Carriers,) and CVE’s (Escort Carriers.) At the time, USS NEW JERSEY (BB-62) was serving as fleet flagship for Task Force 38, and was under the command of Admiral William “Bull” Halsey. Today, as The Jerseyman commemorates this tragic World War 2 event, we are privileged to include stories of the storm as it was experienced by many of the sailors who were there. During our typhoon research, we were also fortunate to have had contact with Mr. Richard A. Strand, brother of lost USS SPENCE crewman Robert L. Strand. Mr. Strand has compiled an extensive amount of material about his brother’s ship. He graciously shared this information with The Jerseyman, and for many years, has offered his efforts at no cost, to the families of USS SPENCE crewmen. Along with the USS SPENCE’s history, his research contains many operating charts for the ship, and an excerpt from the Presidential Unit Citation (PUC), that USS SPENCE had received as part of Arleigh Burke’s famous “Little Beaver” Destroyer Squadron (DesRon) 23. -
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Members of the USNA Class of 1963 Who Served in the Vietnam War
Members of the USNA Class of 1963 Who Served in the Vietnam War. Compiled by Stephen Coester '63 Supplement to the List of Over Three Hundred Classmates Who Served in Vietnam 1 Phil Adams I was on the USS Boston, Guided Missile Cruiser patrolling the Vietnam Coast in '67, and we got hit above the water line in the bow by a sidewinder missile by our own Air Force. ------------------- Ross Anderson [From Ross’s Deceased Data, USNA63.org]: Upon graduation from the Academy on 5 June 1963, Ross reported for flight training at Pensacola Naval Air Station (NAS) which he completed at the top of his flight class (and often "Student of the Month") in 1964. He then left for his first Southeast Asia Cruise to begin conducting combat missions in Vietnam. Landing on his newly assigned carrier USS Coral Sea (CVA-43) at midnight, by 5 am that morning he was off on his first combat mission. That squadron, VF-154 (the Black Knights) had already lost half of its cadre of pilots. Ross' flying buddy Don Camp describes how Ross would seek out flying opportunities: Upon our return on Oct 31, 1965 to NAS Miramar, the squadron transitioned from the F-8D (Crusader) to the F4B (Phantom II). We left on a second combat cruise and returned about Jan 1967. In March or April of 1967, Ross got himself assigned TAD [temporary additional duty] to NAS North Island as a maintenance test pilot. I found out and jumped on that deal. We flew most all versions of the F8 and the F4 as they came out of overhaul. -
The Good Frigate Reeves
U S S R EEVES (DLG - 2 4 / C G - 2 4 ) A SSOCIATION May 2009 Volume 2, Issue 3 The Ironman—A Double Ender’s Newsletter Membership Scorebox The Good Frigate Reeves Current 57 Many of us, especially in the early was the USS Chesapeake from the War of years of Reeves life, have heard her de- 1812, shown here before capture by HMS Past Due 30 scribed as a frigate. Indeed, that was a Leopold. The most famous frigate from characterization of her relative size and this era was the USS Constitution. Snail Mail Ad- 227 significance to the fleet. She was a really dresses I had the privilege in 1974 of escort- either big destroyer or a small cruiser. Of ing my father and mother onboard Reeves Email Address 258 course, it all depended upon where you when she was starboard side to Bravo Only stood on the pier when you looked up at Piers. My father‘s first observation from her. the pier, looking bow on, was ―she‘s a Now in the olden days, frigates con- pocket cruiser.‖ Of course, he was a jured up the image of medium-sized sail- WWII veteran and cruisers were a skochie Dues Notice! ing ships. They were somewhere between bit smaller than our ―modern‖ destroy- Please be sure to check ers—although Reeves was a whole lot your mailing label. bigger than my first Fletcher. If it doesn’t say Current It turns out that a modern ―pocket‖ (plus year) above your cruiser is really a light cruiser, of the name at the top of the Brooklyn Class. -
Timelines & Shipmates of 1950-1955
USS COLLETT – Timelines & Shipmates of 1950-55 (Compiled with the help of many COLLETT shipmates) History of the Ship Prior to 1950 The USS COLLETT is named in honor of LCDR John Austin COLLETT, a naval aviator whose TBF aircraft was lost in the fierce battle of Santa Cruz in the Pacific on 26 October 1942. The keel was laid by the Bath Iron Works in Bath, Maine on 16 Oct 1943 as a 2200-ton Sumner class destroyer; 376 feet in length, 40 feet abeam. The COLLETT was commissioned on 16 May 1944 at the Charlestown Navy Yard, Boston, MA. She remained in continuous commission as an active ship of the fleet and saw action in WWII and the Korean War providing gunfire support, radar picket patrol, anti-submarine patrol, and carrier escort. Beginning in 1946, COLLETT alternated between Cold-War WESTPAC cruises as a member of the Seventh Fleet and local operations along the west coast of the US – per “Welcome Aboard” Brochures and Cruise Books. Overview of 1950-1955 The USS COLLETT participates actively in the Korean conflict; she performs missions similar to those of WWII. On 19 Sep 1950, COLLETT is part of the “Sitting Duck” Squadron in Inchon Harbor. Following the Korean War, COLLETT continues to alternate between WESTPAC cruises and local operations along the west coast of the US, spending about 6 months on each side of the Pacific each year – per the “Decommissioning Ceremony” and a 1964 version of “History of the USS COLLETT.” In 1950, Harry S. Truman has been President since 1945 and remains so until 1953. -
By Samuel J. Cox RADM, USN (Retired) Director of Naval History Curator for the Navy Director, Naval History and Heritage Command
Tribute to the Life of Rear Admiral William Albert “Bill” Walsh, USN(Ret) By Samuel J. Cox RADM, USN (retired) Director of Naval History Curator for the Navy Director, Naval History and Heritage Command It is with deep regret I inform you of the passing of Rear Admiral William Albert “Bill” Walsh, U.S. Navy (Retired) on 14 April 2020 at age 86. Bill entered the Naval Reserve Officer Training program at the University of Notre Dame in September 1952 and served as a Surface Line Officer until his retirement in late 1985 as the Director of the Surface Warfare Division (OP-32) on the OPNAV Staff. His tours included multiple amphibious ship assignments, three Vietnam deployments (on USS REEVES (DLG-24,) as Executive Officer of USS COCHRANE (DDG-21) and Commanding Officer of USS TOWERS (DDG-9) during which he earned a Bronze Star,) as well as command of USS JUNEAU (LPD-10,) Amphibious Squadron THREE, and Amphibious Group Eastern Pacific. While attending the University of Notre Dame, Bill received a draft notice from the U.S. Army during the Korean War. Displaying sound judgment, he promptly applied and was accepted in the Naval Reserve Officer Training Program on 18 September 1952. Midshipman Walsh graduated from Notre Dame in June 1955 with a Bachelor of Science in Commerce/Accounting and was commissioned an ensign in the U.S. Naval Reserve. Following a couple months at Naval Amphibious Training Unit, Little Creek, VA, in July 1955 he reported to his first ship, the Underwater Demolition Team (UDT) flagship-configured fast transport HOLLIS (APD-86,) which conducted local operations and a Midshipman Cruise before being decommissioned in October 1956.