DOCSLIB.ORG

Exodus As New Creation, Israel As Foundling: Stories in the History of an Idea

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Exodus As New Creation, Israel As Foundling: Stories in the History of an Idea Marquette University e-Publications@Marquette Dissertations, Theses, and Professional Dissertations (1934 -) Projects Exodus as New Creation, Israel as Foundling: Stories in the History of an Idea Christopher Evangelos John Brenna Marquette University Follow this and additional works at: https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Christianity Commons, and the Jewish Studies Commons Recommended Citation Brenna, Christopher Evangelos John, "Exodus as New Creation, Israel as Foundling: Stories in the History of an Idea" (2017). Dissertations (1934 -). 750. https://epublications.marquette.edu/dissertations_mu/750 EXODUS AS NEW CREATION, ISRAEL AS FOUNDLING: STORIES IN THE HISTORY OF AN IDEA by Christopher E. J. Brenna, B.A., M.Div., M.Th. A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School, Marquette University, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Milwaukee, Wisconsin December 2017 ABSTRACT EXODUS AS NEW CREATON, ISRAEL AS FOUNDLING: STORIES IN THE HISTORY OF AN IDEA Christopher E. J. Brenna, B.A., M.Div., M.Th. Marquette University, 2017 This study surveys the development of two literary phenomena in early Jewish and Christian tradition. The first is the birth story of a portentous child, exemplified by the birth stories of Moses, Noah, Melchizedek, and Jesus in biblical and Second Temple period literature. The second is the mythical expansion of the exodus tradition, which interprets the crossing of the Red Sea as a recreation of the people of Israel. I examine the appropriation of these two phenomena in the late antique Hellenistic story, Joseph and Aseneth. I contend that (1) the early Jewish birth story paradigm is influenced by the ancient Near Eastern and Hellenistic tale type of the exposed hero, and that (2) Joseph and Aseneth appropriates the birth story paradigm and is influenced by the tale type in order to subvert expectations about Aseneth’s familial status. I also maintain that Aseneth’s transformative experience in the narrative is likened in an extended metaphor to the exodus of the people of Israel from Egypt. These two metaphors contribute to the theology of divine providence that forms the main theme of the narrative. Aseneth is both a model for the transformation of the Foreign Woman into an acceptable worshiper of the Most High God and a representative of wandering Israel restored. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................... i ABBREVIATIONS .......................................................................................................... iii INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 Scope of the Study .................................................................................................. 6 What is “Joseph and Aseneth”? .............................................................................. 7 What is Joseph and Aseneth about? ...................................................................... 11 History of Scholarly Approaches .......................................................................... 16 Methodology ......................................................................................................... 20 The Nature of Allusive Discourse............................................................. 20 Motifs and their Relationship to Allusions ............................................... 24 Identifying Subtexts .................................................................................. 27 Joseph and Aseneth: Jewish and Christian ........................................................... 31 Dealing with an Eclectic Text ............................................................................... 35 Summary ............................................................................................................... 36 CHAPTER ONE: THE EXPOSED HERO/FOUNDLING TALE TYPE AND JEWISH AND CHRISTIAN BIRTH STORIES .................................................... 38 1.1. The Tale of the Exposed Hero ....................................................................... 39 1.2. The Birth Story Paradigm in Early Jewish and Christian Tradition .............. 43 1.3. Moses as the Exposed Exemplar.................................................................... 44 1.3.1. Exodus 1–2...................................................................................... 44 1.3.2. Moses’s Birth in Early Jewish Sources ........................................... 57 1.3.2.1. Jubilees ............................................................................. 57 1.3.2.2. Exagoge of Ezekiel the Tragedian ................................... 60 1.3.2.3. Liber Antiquitatem Biblicarum ........................................ 62 1.3.2.4. Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews .................................... 64 1.4. Birth of Noah ................................................................................................. 66 1.5. Birth of Melchizedek ..................................................................................... 74 1.6. Birth of Jesus.................................................................................................. 81 CHAPTER TWO: “DAUGHTER OF THE MOST HIGH”: ASENETH’S BIRTH STORY .......................................................................................... 87 2.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 87 2.2. Birth Story as Spiritual Metaphor .................................................................. 90 2.2.1. “Like a daughter of the Hebrews” (Jos. Asen. 1:5) ........................ 92 2.2.2. Aseneth and Joseph as Abandoned Children (Jos. Asen. 4:10; 6:3-4; 13:13) ................................................................ 102 2.2.3. A False Sister (Jos. Asen. 7:5–8:7) ............................................... 106 2.2.4. Oracular Inclusio: The Foretelling of Aseneth’s New Birth (Jos. Asen. 8:9; 15:4) .............................................................................. 113 2.2.5. Orphanage and Recognition in Aseneth’s Prayers (Jos. Asen. 11–13)................................................................................... 118 2.2.6. The Birth Token Robe and Aseneth’s Recognition Scene (Jos. Asen. 14:12–17; 18) ....................................................................... 121 CHAPTER THREE: “OUT OF DARKNESS INTO LIGHT”: EXODUS IMAGERY IN THE ROMANCE, PART 1............................................................................................. 133 3.1. Introduction .................................................................................................. 133 3.1.1. The Archetypal Meaning of “Egypt” ............................................ 135 3.1.2. Joseph and Aseneth as Ideal Figures in the Exodus ..................... 140 3.1.2.1. Conforming Identities and Exodus Imagery .................. 140 3.1.2.2. Aseneth and Joseph as Figures of Wisdom.................... 143 3.1.2.3. Joseph as Prefiguration of Israel in the Exodus ............. 147 3.1.3. The Creation and Re-Creation at the Red Sea in Early Jewish Tradition ........................................................................ 149 3.1.4. What Exodus Imagery Contributes to the Theme of Divine Providence ........................................................ 153 3.2. Son of God Meets the Foreign Woman (Jos. Asen. 3:5–8:9) ...................... 155 3.2.1. Field of Inheritance (Jos. Asen. 3:5) ............................................. 155 3.2.2. Joseph Prays for Aseneth (Jos. Asen. 8:9) .................................... 157 3.3. Aseneth at Prayer (Jos. Asen. 10–13) .......................................................... 162 3.3.1. The Reversal of Idolatry (Jos. Asen. 10–11) ................................ 162 3.3.2. The Psalms and the Structure of Joseph and Aseneth 12.............. 165 3.3.2.1. “Lord, God of the Ages”: Creational Language in Jos. Asen. 12:1–2 ................................................................... 168 3.3.2.2. Pursuit and Flight (Jos. Asen. 12:7–10) ......................... 169 3.3.2.3. Elements of Annihilation (Jos. Asen. 12:11) ................. 170 3.3.2.4. Inheritance Reconfigured (Jos. Asen. 12:15) ................. 174 3.4. Conclusion ................................................................................................... 175 CHAPTER FOUR: “FOOD OF ANGELS”: EXODUS IMAGERY IN THE ROMANCE, PART 2 ....................................................................................... 176 4.1. Introduction .................................................................................................. 176 4.2. The Identity of the Angel (Jos. Asen. 14:1–11) ........................................... 177 4.2.1. Heavenly Counterpart of Joseph ................................................... 178 4.2.2. Angel of the Name ........................................................................ 182 4.3. City of Refuge/Repentance: Forming the New Israel (Jos. Asen. 15:5–8) ............................................................................................. 189 4.4. “Who brought me out of darkness” (Jos. Asen. 15:12) ............................... 191 4.5. The Honeycomb ........................................................................................... 196 4.5.1. Inheritance
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Orientation 7 by Photo the Gaa Orientation 8 Orientation All Orientation Participants Receive a Nametag Upon Orientation Check-In
    orientation 7 photo by the gaa orientation general orientation orientation 8 information Welcome to Orientation! Use #DoItForTheHill to New Student Orientation provides an opportunity for all incoming Tar Heels to: share your orientation get a more concrete feel for the campus community experience with us. We will highlight your learn about campus resources stories on social media. meet with Academic Advising and learn about course registration Be sure to follow us on: connect with faculty, staff, and current students, including your Orientation Leaders (OLs) @uncnewstudents learn what it means to be a Tar Heel uncnewstudents In the remainder of this section we have provided information that you will need during your Orientation Session. Please let us know if you have any NSCPPatUNC questions. We are here to assist you! NSCPP at UNC Orientation Help Desk NSCPP at UNC The Office of New Student & Carolina Parent Programs will staff an Orientation Help Desk located next to the FPG Student Union Information Desk during the following hours: FIRST YEAR ORIENTATION DAY 1 9:00AM–5:00PM FIRST YEAR ORIENTATION DAY 2 7:30AM – 4:00PM TRANSFER ORIENTATION 8:00AM–5:15PM Nametags All Orientation participants receive a nametag upon Orientation check-in. Please wear your nametag to all Orientation events and meals. Any person without a nametag may be excluded from Orientation events. Damaged or lost nametags can be replaced at the Orientation Help Desk. Internet Access Desktop computer terminals are located in the FPG Student Union for general public use. Please note that there is no printing access at the terminals or on-campus for campus guests, visitors, and students not enrolled in summer school.
    [Show full text]
  • L'équipe Des Scénaristes De Lost Comme Un Auteur Pluriel Ou Quelques Propositions Méthodologiques Pour Analyser L'auctorialité Des Séries Télévisées
    Lost in serial television authorship : l’équipe des scénaristes de Lost comme un auteur pluriel ou quelques propositions méthodologiques pour analyser l’auctorialité des séries télévisées Quentin Fischer To cite this version: Quentin Fischer. Lost in serial television authorship : l’équipe des scénaristes de Lost comme un auteur pluriel ou quelques propositions méthodologiques pour analyser l’auctorialité des séries télévisées. Sciences de l’Homme et Société. 2017. dumas-02368575 HAL Id: dumas-02368575 https://dumas.ccsd.cnrs.fr/dumas-02368575 Submitted on 18 Nov 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial - NoDerivatives| 4.0 International License UNIVERSITÉ RENNES 2 Master Recherche ELECTRA – CELLAM Lost in serial television authorship : L'équipe des scénaristes de Lost comme un auteur pluriel ou quelques propositions méthodologiques pour analyser l'auctorialité des séries télévisées Mémoire de Recherche Discipline : Littératures comparées Présenté et soutenu par Quentin FISCHER en septembre 2017 Directeurs de recherche : Jean Cléder et Charline Pluvinet 1 « Créer une série, c'est d'abord imaginer son histoire, se réunir avec des auteurs, la coucher sur le papier. Puis accepter de lâcher prise, de la laisser vivre une deuxième vie.
    [Show full text]
  • Adrift from Home and Neglected by International Law
    Adrift From Home and Neglected By International Law: Searching for Obligations to Provide Climate Refugees with Social Services Nathan Stopper Student Note – Columbia Journal of Transnational Law Supervised Research Paper – Professor Michael Gerrard 2 Table of Contents Introduction ……………………………………………………………… 3 I. Climate Change and Its Effects on SIDS ………………………………... 6 A. The Basic Science of Climate Change ………………………………. 6 B. The Effect of Climate Change on SIDS ……………………………... 9 II. Social Services Climate Refugees Will Need to Adapt and Survive in a New State …………………………….……………………………….. 12 III. Possible Sources of Obligations to Provide Social Services In International Law ……………………………………………………….. 15 A. Refugee Treaties ……………………………………………………. 15 1. The 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol ………………. 17 2. Regional Accords: The OAU Convention and the Cartagena Declaration ……………………………………… 20 B. Customary International Law ………………………………………. 22 1. Customary Human Rights Law …………………………….. 25 2. Customary Laws Specific to Refugees …………………….. 28 Conclusion …………………………….……………………………….. 31 3 Introduction There is indisputable evidence that anthropogenic climate change is causing the planet to warm and the oceans to rise.1 Some of the myriad challenges presented by rising temperatures and waters have already begun to occur, while others may need more time to make themselves felt. Unfortunately, many of the states and people least responsible for the levels of climate changing greenhouse gas emissions will suffer the most severe consequences. Increased flooding
    [Show full text]
  • Online Orientation
    ONLINE ORIENTATION “Supporting Individuals, Families, and Our Community in Achieving Their Best Health” Table of Contents Contents Table of Contents ..................................................................................... 2 Welcome to Star Valley Health ............................................................... 3 Mission Statement ................................................................................... 4 Vision Statement ...................................................................................... 4 Our Values ............................................................................................... 5 Expectations............................................................................................. 6 Policies ..................................................................................................... 7 Contact Information ............................................................................... 11 Welcome to Star Valley Health This booklet has been developed to give new employees, students, and other visitors a glimpse of who we are here at Star Valley Health. It also serves as a general policy guide reference to answer questions you may have. This is not a complete list of Star Valley Health policies but presents what we feel is important for you to know. From all of us here at SV Health we enthusiastically welcome you and hope you enjoy your time with us. Revised ---June, 2018 Mission Statement Supporting Individuals, Families, and Our Community in Achieving Their Best
    [Show full text]
  • Movie List Please Dial 0 to Request
    Movie List Please dial 0 to request. 200 10 Cloverfield Lane - PG13 38 Cold Pursuit - R 219 13 Hours: The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi - R 46 Colette - R 202 5th Wave, The - PG13 75 Collateral Beauty - PG13 11 A Bad Mom’s Christmas - R 28 Commuter, The-PG13 62 A Christmas Story - PG 16 Concussion - PG13 48 A Dog’s Way Home - PG 83 Crazy Rich Asians - PG13 220 A Star is Born - R 20 Creed - PG13 32 A Walk Among the Tombstones - R 21 Creed 2 - PG13 4 Accountant, The - R 61 Criminal - R 19 Age of Adaline, The - PG13 17 Daddy’s Home - PG13 40 Aladdin - PG 33 Dark Tower, The - PG13 7 Alien:Covenant - R 67 Darkest Hour-PG13 2 All is Lost - PG13 52 Deadpool - R 9 Allied - R 53 Deadpool 2 - R (Uncut) 54 ALPHA - PG13 160 Death of a Nation - PG13 22 American Assassin - R 68 Den of Thieves-R (Unrated) 37 American Heist - R 34 Detroit - R 1 American Made - R 128 Disaster Artist, The - R 51 American Sniper - R 201 Do You Believe - PG13 76 Annihilation - R 94 Dr. Suess’ How the Grinch Stole Christmas - PG 5 Apollo 11 - G 233 Dracula Untold - PG13 23 Arctic - PG13 113 Drop, The - R 36 Assassin’s Creed - PG13 166 Dunkirk - PG13 39 Assignment, The - R 137 Edge of Seventeen, The - R 64 At First Light - NR 88 Elf - PG 110 Avengers:Infinity War - PG13 81 Everest - PG13 49 Batman Vs. Superman:Dawn of Justice - R 222 Everybody Wants Some!! - R 18 Before I Go To Sleep - R 101 Everything, Everything - PG13 59 Best of Me, The - PG13 55 Ex Machina - R 3 Big Short, The - R 26 Exodus Gods and Kings - PG13 50 Billy Lynn’s Long Halftime Walk - R 232 Eye In the Sky -
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 8 Abandoned, Derelict Vehicles
    Municipal Code – Village of Pingree Grove __________________________________________________________________________________ Title 7: Motor Vehicles and Traffic Chapter 8 – ABANDONED, DERELICT VEHICLES1 SECTIONS: 7-8-1: LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS AND DETERMINATIONS. 7-8-2: DEFINITIONS. 7-8-3: ABANDONMENT OF VEHICLE OR RETENTION OF DERELICT VEHICLE PROHIBITED. 7-8-4: PRESUMPTIONS. 7-8-5: REMOVAL OF VEHICLES; COSTS. 7-8-6: RECORDS OF TOWS. 7-8-7: RECORDS SEARCHES FOR OWNER. 7-8-8: RECLAMATION OF VEHICLE. 7-8-9: SALE OF VEHICLE. 7-8-10: OLDER VEHICLES. 7-8-11: ALTERNATE PROCEDURES. 7-8-12: RECORDS KEPT. 7-8-13: DISPOSITION OF PROCEEDS. 7-8-14: NONLIABILITY OF VILLAGE OR TOWING SERVICE. 7-8-1: LEGISLATIVE FINDINGS AND DETERMINATIONS: The village board members, in keeping with the policy of the Illinois general assembly, as found in section 5/4-301 of the Illinois vehicle code, finds and determines that: abandoned and derelict vehicles constitute a safety hazard and a public nuisance; are detrimental to the health, safety and welfare of the general public by harboring disease, providing breeding places for vermin, inviting plundering, creating fire hazards and presenting physical dangers to children and others; produce scenic blights which degrade the environment and adversely affect land values and the proper maintenance and continuing development of the state of Illinois and all of its subdivisions; represent a resource out of place and an energy loss to the Illinois economy and require state and local governmental attention, in conjunction with any federal governmental attention, in order to assure the expeditious removal and recycling of these abandoned and derelict vehicles.
    [Show full text]
  • Misreading Joseph and Aseneth (Ii)
    Assessing The Lost Gospel Part 5: Misreading Joseph and Aseneth (ii) Richard Bauckham From some of the things that Jacobovici and Wilson say about Joseph and Aseneth (JosAs) one might suppose that to read it as a ‘lost gospel’ all one needs to do is to substitute the names Jesus and Mary the Magdalene for Joseph and Aseneth. But it turns out to be much more complicated. For a start, Aseneth is the daughter of a priest of the city of On (Heliopolis) in Egypt. She lives, within the precincts of her father’s house, in a tower, which is her home, though it also bears some resemblance to a temple and includes a room where she worships all the Egyptian gods. Mary the Magdalene, on the other hand, is a Syro-Phoenician priestess. Her tower, a Phoenician-style sacred tower, is a temple to the goddess Artemis, whose priestess she is, located in Magdala in Galilee. This is explained at some length, but there is not then, as one might expect, a detailed explanation of the whole text of JosAs, explaining how it translates into a story about Jesus and Mary the Magdalene. The treatment of the text is quite selective, both within the main body of the book and in the notes that Jacobovici and Wilson add to Tony Burke’s translation of JosAs. In this part of my assessment I shall highlight just a few examples of the way Jacobovici and Wilson treat the narrative of JosAs, including both major misreadings of the text and arbitrary methods of deriving a story about Jesus and Mary the Magdalene from it.
    [Show full text]
  • Friday Prime Time, April 17 4 P.M
    April 17 - 23, 2009 SPANISH FORK CABLE GUIDE 9 Friday Prime Time, April 17 4 P.M. 4:30 5 P.M. 5:30 6 P.M. 6:30 7 P.M. 7:30 8 P.M. 8:30 9 P.M. 9:30 10 P.M. 10:30 11 P.M. 11:30 BASIC CABLE Oprah Winfrey Å 4 News (N) Å CBS Evening News (N) Å Entertainment Ghost Whisperer “Save Our Flashpoint “First in Line” ’ NUMB3RS “Jack of All Trades” News (N) Å (10:35) Late Show With David Late Late Show KUTV 2 News-Couric Tonight Souls” ’ Å 4 Å 4 ’ Å 4 Letterman (N) ’ 4 KJZZ 3The People’s Court (N) 4 The Insider 4 Frasier ’ 4 Friends ’ 4 Friends 5 Fortune Jeopardy! 3 Dr. Phil ’ Å 4 News (N) Å Scrubs ’ 5 Scrubs ’ 5 Entertain The Insider 4 The Ellen DeGeneres Show (N) News (N) World News- News (N) Two and a Half Wife Swap “Burroughs/Padovan- Supernanny “DeMello Family” 20/20 ’ Å 4 News (N) (10:35) Night- Access Holly- (11:36) Extra KTVX 4’ Å 3 Gibson Men 5 Hickman” (N) ’ 4 (N) ’ Å line (N) 3 wood (N) 4 (N) Å 4 News (N) Å News (N) Å News (N) Å NBC Nightly News (N) Å News (N) Å Howie Do It Howie Do It Dateline NBC A police of cer looks into the disappearance of a News (N) Å (10:35) The Tonight Show With Late Night- KSL 5 News (N) 3 (N) ’ Å (N) ’ Å Michigan woman. (N) ’ Å Jay Leno ’ Å 5 Jimmy Fallon TBS 6Raymond Friends ’ 5 Seinfeld ’ 4 Seinfeld ’ 4 Family Guy 5 Family Guy 5 ‘Happy Gilmore’ (PG-13, ’96) ›› Adam Sandler.
    [Show full text]
  • LOST with a Good Book
    The Lost Code: BYYJ C`1 P,YJ- LJ,1 Key Literary References and Influ- Books, Movies, and More on Your Favorite Subjects Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad CAS A CONR/ eAudiobook LOST on DVD A man journeys through the Congo and Lost Complete First Season contemplates the nature of good and evil. There are several references, especially in relation to Lost Season 2: Extended Experience Colonel’s Kurtz’s descent toward madness. Lost Season 3: The Unexplored Experience Lost. The Complete Fourth Season: The Expanded The Stand by Stephen King FIC KING Experience A battle between good and evil ensues after a deadly virus With a Good Book decimates the population. Producers cite this book as a Lost. The Complete Fifth Season: The Journey Back major influence, and other King allusions ( Carrie , On Writing , *Lost: Complete Sixth & Final Season is due for release 8/24/10. The Shining , Dark Tower series, etc.) pop up frequently. The Odyssey by Homer FIC HOME/883 HOME/ CD BOOK 883.1 HOME/CAS A HOME/ eAudiobook LOST Episode Guide Greek epic about Odysseus’s harrowing journey home to his In addition to the biblical episode titles, there are several other Lost wife Penelope after the Trojan War. Parallels abound, episode titles with literature/philosophy connections. These include “White especially in the characters of Desmond and Penny. Rabbit” and “Through the Looking Glass” from Carroll’s Alice books; “Catch-22”; “Tabula Rosa” (philosopher John Locke’s theory that the Slaughterhouse-Five by Kurt Vonnegut FIC VON human mind is a blank slate at birth); and “The Man Behind the Curtain” A World War II soldier becomes “unstuck in time,” and is and “There’s No Place Like Home” ( The Wonderful Wizard of Oz ).
    [Show full text]
  • The Jews of Hellenistic Egypt Jews in Egypt Judahites to E
    15 April 2019 Septuagint, Synagogue, and Symbiosis: Jews in Egypt The Jews of Hellenistic Egypt Those who escaped the Babylonian advance on Jerusalem, 605‐586 B.C.E. Gary A. Rendsburg Rutgers University Jeremiah 44:1 ַה ָדּ ָב ֙ר ֲא ֶ ֣שׁר ָהָי֣ה ֶ ֽא ִל־יְר ְמָ֔יהוּ ֶ֚אל ָכּל־ ַהְיּ ִ֔הוּדים ַהיֹּ ְשׁ ִ ֖בים ְבּ ֶ ֣אֶר ץ ִמ ְצָ ֑ר ִים Mandelbaum House ַהיֹּ ְשׁ ִ ֤בים ְבּ ִמ ְגדֹּ ֙ל ְוּב ַת ְח ַפּ ְנ ֵ ֣חס ְוּב֔נֹף וּ ְב ֶ ֥אֶרץ ַפּ ְת ֖רוֹס ֵל ֽ ֹאמר׃ April 2019 4 The word which was to Jeremiah, concerning all the Jews who dwell in the land of Egypt, who dwell in Migdol, Tahpanhes, Noph, and the land of Pathros, saying. Judahites to Egypt 600 – 585 B.C.E. Pathros Map of the Persian (Achaemenid) Empire 538 – 333 B.C.E. Bust of the young Alexander the Great (c. 100 B.C.E.) (British Museum) Empire of Alexander the Great (356‐323 B.C.E.) / (r. 336‐323 B.C.E.) 1 15 April 2019 Cartouche of Alexander the Great N L c. 330 B.C.E. D I K A (Louvre, Paris) R S S The Four Successor Kingdoms to Alexander the Great Ptolemies – Alexandria, Egypt (blue) Selecudis – Seleukia / Antioch (golden) Ptolemy Dynasty Jews under Alexander and Ptolemy I 305 B.C.E. – 30 B.C.E. Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews, Book 12, Chapter 1 • Ptolemy brought Jews from Judea and Jerusalem to Egypt. Founded by Ptolemy I, • He had heard that the Jews had been loyal to Alexander.
    [Show full text]
  • Themes of Exodus and Revolution in Ellison's
    THEMES OF EXODUS AND REVOLUTION IN ELLISON’S INVISIBLE MAN, MORRISON’S BELOVED, AND DOCTOROW’S RAGTIME Tracy Peterson Turner, B.A., M.A. Dissertation Prepared for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS December 2000 APPROVED: James T. F. Tanner, Major Professor and Chair Thomas R. Preston, Committee Member John Robert Ross, Committee Member Brenda R. Sims, Chair of Graduate Studies in English C. Neal Tate, Dean of the Robert B. Toulouse School of Graduate Studies Turner, Tracy Peterson, Themes of Exodus and Revolution in Ellison’s Invisible Man, Morrison’s Beloved, and Doctorow’s Ragtime. Doctor of Philosophy (English), December 2000, 150 pp., references, 80 titles. In my dissertation I examine the steps in and performance of revolution through the writings of three Postmodern authors, Ralph Ellison, Toni Morrison, and E. L. Doctorow, in light of the model of the biblical Exodus journey and the revolution which precipitated that movement. I suggest that the revolution which began with the Israelites’ bondage in Egypt has provided the foundation for American literature. I show that Invisible Man, Beloved, and Ragtime not only employ the motif of the Exodus journey; they also perpetuate the silent revolution begun by the Israelites while held captive in Egypt. This dissertation consists of six chapters. Chapter One provides the introduction to the project. Chapter Two provides the model for this study by defining the characteristics of the Exodus journey, Moses as the leader of the Israelites, and the pattern of revolution established by Michael Walzer in Exodus and Revolution. In Chapters Three, Four, and Five, I apply the model established in Chapter Two to the individual texts.
    [Show full text]
  • Highest Risk Abandoned, Lost and Discarded Fishing Gear
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Highest risk abandoned, lost and discarded fshing gear Eric Gilman1*, Michael Musyl2, Petri Suuronen3, Milani Chaloupka4, Saeid Gorgin5, Jono Wilson1,6 & Brandon Kuczenski6 Derelict abandoned, lost and discarded fshing gear have profound adverse efects. We assessed gear-specifc relative risks from derelict gear to rank-order fshing methods based on: derelict gear production rates, gear quantity indicators of catch weight and fshing grounds area, and adverse consequences from derelict gear. The latter accounted for ghost fshing, transfer of microplastics and toxins into food webs, spread of invasive alien species and harmful microalgae, habitat degradation, obstruction of navigation and in-use fshing gear, and coastal socioeconomic impacts. Globally, mitigating highest risk derelict gear from gillnet, tuna purse seine with fsh aggregating devices, and bottom trawl fsheries achieves maximum conservation gains. Locally, adopting controls following a sequential mitigation hierarchy and implementing efective monitoring, surveillance and enforcement systems are needed to curb derelict gear from these most problematic fsheries. Primary and synthesis research are priorities to improve future risk assessments, produce the frst robust estimate of global derelict gear quantity, and assess the performance of initiatives to manage derelict gear. Findings from this frst quantitative estimate of gear-specifc relative risks from derelict gear guide the allocation of resources to achieve the largest improvements from mitigating adverse efects of derelict gear from the world’s 4.6 million fshing vessels. Over the past decade there has been increasing international recognition of the need for multilateral eforts to address transboundary adverse ecological and socioeconomic efects of abandoned, lost and discarded fshing gear (ALDFG), also called derelict fshing gear 1, 2.
    [Show full text]