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Home , Bengkulu, East Kalimantan, Jambi, Southeast Sulawesi

APPENDIX A

SURVEY DESIGN

APPENDIX A

SURVEY DESIGN

The main objective of the Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) is to provide data concerning fertility, family planning, and maternal and child health that can be used by program managers and policymakers to evaluate and improve existing programs. The survey is a follow-on to the National Indonesia Contraceptive Prevalence Survey.

A.1 SAMPLE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

Indonesia is divided into 27 provinces. For the implementation of its family planning program, the National Family Planning Coordinating Board (BKKBN) has divided these provinces into three regions as follows:

Java-: , West , , Yogyakarta, , and Bali Outer Java-Bali I: , North , , , , West , , North , , and Outer Java-Bali II: , , , , East Timor, , , , , , and Irian Jaya.

The 1990 Population Census of Indonesia shows that Java-Bali contains about 62 percent of the national population, while Outer Java-Bali I contains 27 percent and Outer Java-Bali II contains 11 percent. The sample for the Indonesia DHS survey was designed to produce reliable estimates of contraceptive prevalence and several other major survey variables for each of the 27 provinces and for urban and rural areas of the three regions.

In order to accomplish this goal, approximately 1500 to 2000 households were selected in each of the provinces in Java-Bali, 1000 households in each of the ten provinces in Outer Java-Bali I, and 500 households in each of the 11 provinces in Outer Java-Bali II for a total of 28,000 households. With an average of 0.8 eligible women (ever-married women age 15-49) per selected household, the 28,000 households were expected to yield approximately 23,000 individual interviews.

The IDHS sample is drawn from the 1990 Population Census 5 Percent Sample. In most provinces, a two-stage sampling procedure was employed. First, enumeration areas (EAs or wilcah) were selected with probability proportional to size within urban and rural domains in each province. In the second stage, individual households were selected from the household listings for each EA. In Java-Bali and Outer Java- Bali I, 25 households were selected in each EA. In Outer Java-Bali II, 20 households were selected in each EA. In the six most remote and logistically difficult provinces (East Timor, Irian Jaya, Maluku, East Nusa Tenggara, Central Kalimantan, East Kalimantan), a three-stage procedure was used. First, regencies (kabupaten) were selected. Next, within regencies, EAs and then households were selected. This procedure has the effect of concentrating the sample and reducing the level of effort required during fieldwork.

Since the sample was designed to produce estimates at the provincial level, the number of households selected in each province was nonproportional at the national level. Specifically, households in the Outer Islands were oversampled. The results presented in this report are based on data winch are weighted to take account of differential sampling probabilities and nonresponse at both the household and individual level. The weights are used to produce estimates winch are representative at the appropriate level of aggregation (e.g., provincial, regional, national).

151 Results of the sample implementation by province and in urban and rural domains are shown in Tables A.1 and A.2. As shown in Table A.1, 28,141 households were visited by IDHS interviewers. Of these, 95.4 percent yielded complete interviews, 2 percent were found vacant, 1 percent were absent, and the remainder were not interviewed for other reasons. The response rate at the household level (see Table A.1 for definition) is 99 percent. In the interviewed household, 23,470 eligible women were found (see Table A.2). Of these, 98 percent (22,909 women) were successfully interviewed.

Table A.1 Sample implementation: results of the household interview

Percent distribution of households in the sample by results of the interview, and household response rates, according to region, province, and urban-rural residence, Indonesia 1991

Household present but no Dwelling House- Household Household competent not hold Dwelling Dwelling mspense completed respondent Refused found absent vacant destroyed Other careI Region/province (C) (HP) (P,) (DNF) (HA) (DV) (DD) (0) Total Number (HRR)

Java.Ball 95.6 0.5 0.2 0.3 1.0 1.7 0.7 0.0 100.0 10617 98.9 DK1 Jakarta 91.9 0.1 0.5 1.6 0.9 3.5 1.4 0.0 100.0 2038 97.6 93.2 1.1 0.2 0.2 2.4 1.6 1,3 0.0 100.0 2077 98.4 Central Java 9%2 0.2 0.0 0.0 1.5 0.9 0.2 0,0 100.0 1714 99.8 DI Yogyaka.rta 97.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.8 0.3 0.0 100.0 1651 99.6 East Java 98.3 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.2 0.1 100.0 1812 99.3 Bali 97,1 0,6 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.4 0.0 100.0 1325 99.3 Outer Java-Bali I 95.0 0.8 0,0 0.1 1,5 2.2 0.3 0.0 100.0 12017 99.0 DI Aceh 92.2 0.3 0,0 0.3 0.6 6.6 0.0 0.0 100.0 1000 99.4 97.3 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.9 0.1 0.0 100.0 1511 99.3 West Sumatra 96.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.5 3.0 0.1 0.0 100.0 1251 99.8 South Sumatra 94.2 3.0 0.0 0.4 1.0 1.0 0.3 0.0 100.0 1250 96.6 Lampung 94.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 3.6 1.2 0.3 0.0 100.0 1251 99.8 West Nusa Tenggara 97,5 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.8 0.5 0.0 100.0 1250 99.8 West Kallmantan 95.4 2.8 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.2 0.4 0.1 100.0 999 96.9 South Kallmantan 96.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.3 3.1 0,2 0,0 100.0 1006 99.9 No~h Sulawesi 88.9 0.2 0.0 0.4 8.0 1.7 0.8 0.0 100.0 1000 99.3 South Sulawesi 95.5 0.7 0.0 0.1 1.5 1.5 0,7 0.0 100.0 1499 99.2 Outer Java-Bali II 96.0 0.4 0.0 0.1 1.3 1.9 0.3 0.0 100.0 5507 99.5 Riaa 99.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 500 99.4 Jambi 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 508 100.0 Bengkulu 93.2 1.0 0.0 0.0 4.2 1.6 0.O 0.0 100,0 500 98.9 East Nusa Tenggara 97.8 1.0 0.0 0.0 0,6 0.2 0.4 0.0 100.0 501 99.0 East Timer 98.8 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.2 0.0 100.0 499 99.6 Central Kalimantan 94.2 1.2 0.0 0.4 0.8 3.2 0,2 0.0 100.0 500 98.3 East Kalimantan 91.2 0.4 0.0 0.4 3.2 3,8 0.8 0.2 100.0 500 98.9 Central Sulawesi 95.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 1,0 3.4 0.0 0.0 100.0 501 100.0 Southeast Sulawesi 92.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 5.0 1.4 0.0 100.0 500 100.0 Maluku 96.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 100.0 S00 100.0 hian Jaya 97.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 2.8 0.0 0,0 100.0 498 99.8 Residence Urban 94.4 0.5 0.2 0.5 1.1 2.6 0.7 0.0 100.0 8911 98.7 Rural 95.9 0.6 0.0 0.1 1,3 1.7 0,3 0.0 100.0 19230 99.2 Total 95.4 0.6 O.1 0.2 1.2 2.0 0.5 0.0 100.0 28141 99.1

1The household response rate is calculated as:

HRR= C C+HP+R+DNF

152 Table A.2 Sample implementation: results of the individual interview

Percent distribution of eligible women in the sample by results of the interview, and response rates for eligible women and overall response rates, according to region, province, and urban-rural residence, Indonesia 1991

Eligible Not Partly women Overall Corn- at Post- corn- response response pleted home poned Refused pleted Other rate I rate 2 Region/province (C) (Nit) (PP) (R) (PC) (O) Total Number(EWRR) (ORR)

rata-Bull 96.2 3.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 100.0 8622 96.2 95.2 DKI Jakarta 99.3 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 100.0 1825 99.3 97.0 West Java 91.3 8.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 100.0 1736 91.3 89.8 Central Java 94.6 5.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 100.0 1448 94.6 94.4 D1 Yogyakarta 99.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.5 100.0 1077 99.0 98.6 East Java 96.7 3.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 100.0 1519 96.7 96.1 Bali 97.6 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 1017 97.6 97.0 ~)uter Java.Ball I 98.5 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 100.0 9911 98.5 97.5 DI Aceh 97.0 2.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 100.0 732 97.0 96.4 North Sumatra 98.4 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 100.0 1213 98.4 97.7 West Sumatra 99.1 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 100.0 1009 99.1 98.9 South Sumatra 99.2 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 100.0 1194 99.2 95.7 Lampung 98.7 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 1030 98.7 98.6 West Nusa Tenggara 99.7 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0A 100.0 989 99.7 99.5 West Kallmantan 98.0 2.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 892 98.0 95.0 South Kalinmatan 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 935 100.0 99.9 98.1 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 681 98.1 97.4 South S ulawesi 96.4 3.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 100.0 1236 96.4 95.6 Outer Java.Ball 1I 98.3 1.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 100.0 4937 98.3 97.8 Riau 98.8 0.6 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.0 100.0 497 98.8 98.2 Jambi 99.8 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 475 99.8 99.8 Bengkulu 95.5 4.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0,0 100.0 404 95.5 94.5 East Nusa Tenggara 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 472 100.0 99.0 East Tim~ 98.3 1.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 100.0 475 98.3 97.9 Central Kalimantsn 99.8 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 435 99.8 98.1 East Kalimantan 95.6 4.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 435 95.6 94.6 Central Sulawesi 99.5 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 436 99.5 99.5 Southeast Sulawesi 93.0 7.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 369 93.0 93.0 Malukm 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 477 100.0 100.0 /rian/aya 99.4 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0 462 99.4 99.1 Residence Urban 97.5 2.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 100.0 7233 97.5 96.3 Rural 97.7 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 100.0 16237 97.7 96.9 Total 97.6 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 100.0 23470 97.6 96.7

tThe eligible woman response rate is calculated as:

EWRR = C C+ NH+PP+R + PC

2The overall response rate is calculated as:

ORR = HRR x EWRR

153 A.2 PRETEST

The protest for the IDHS was held in May 1990 in three provinces Jambi, West Java, and East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). In each location, seven persons were trained to form a team consisting of one field manager, one supervisor, one field editor, and four interviewers. The Chief of the Social and Population Statistics Division in each Provincial Statistical Office (PSO) performed the function of field manager and was responsible for carrying out the pretest activities in his province. All of the interviewers in Jambi and West Java and one in NTT were drawn from the PSO staff. The pretest training lasted for two weeks.

For the pretest fieldwork, 100 individual interviews were conducted in urban and rural areas of the three provinces. During the fieldwork, several errors in the questionnaire were identified. These were mainly skip and filter errors which were easily corrected. It was also discovered that the translations of some of the questions into Bahasa Indonesia were incorrect or misleading. These translation problems were discussed among the survey organizers and corrected.

A.3 FIELD STAFF TRAINING

The training of the more than 250 field staff for the IDHS took place at nine training centers throughout Indonesia. Prior to the training of field staff for the main survey, however, a course was held in order to prepare those who were to serve as instructors at the training centers, those who were responsible for coordination of field activities at the provincial level, and data processing staff. This course took place in , West Java in April 1991 and was attended by 41 persons including provincial level staff and staff from Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) headquarters. Instructors for this course were the survey organizers who had previously conducted training for the pretest held in May 1990. The course was identical to the interviewer's training course normally given for DHS surveys, although no field practice was included. In addition, logistical and administrative matters, and issues related to sample implementation were covered.

Since the CBS was occupied with activities related to the October 1990 Census, the main fieldwork for the IDHS was scheduled to take place May-August 1991. Training for the main survey was held in May 1991 in nine locations--, , Jakarta, , , Kupang, , Ujung Pandang, and Ambon. The training course lasted 15 working days and covered how to locate selected households, how to conduct interviews, and how to fill in control forms. Classroom lectures on the purpose of the questions, how to ask them, and how to record answers, were followed by mock interviews and finally by practice interviews in the field.

A.4 FIELDWORK

The IDHS data collection was carried out by 178 interviewers, 56 field supervisors, and 34 field editors. Each of the 56 teams consisted of two to four interviewers, one field editor, and one supervisor. As in the 1987 NICPS, the number of interviewers in a team was determined by the number of enumeration areas selected in the respective province, and due to the sensitive nature of the questions asked in the survey, female interviewers were used. For logistical and security reasons, all of the field supervisors were male. The teams worked together in each EA until is was completed and then moved on to the next EA. The teams used public transportation to move between sample points. Provincial statistical office staff and CBS headquarters staff made periodic visits to the field to monitor the work. Fieldwork began in May and was completed in July 1991.

154 A.5 DATA PROCESSING

The first stage of data editing was done by the field editors who checked the completed ques- tionnaires for completeness and accuracy. Field supervisors also checked the questionnaires. They were then sent to the central office in Jakarta where they were edited again and open-ended questions were coded.

The data were processed using 11 microcomputers and ISSA (Integrated System for Survey Analy- sis). Data entry and editing were initiated almost immediately after the beginning of fieldwork. Simple range and skip errors were corrected at the data entry stage. Secondary machine editing of the data was initiated as soon as sufficient questionnaires had been entered. The objective of the secondary editing was to detect and correct, if possible, inconsistencies in the data. All of the data were entered and edited by September 1991. A brief report containing preliminary survey results was published in November 1991.

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