Valkyrie-A Film Review
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The Round Tablette Founding Editor: James W
The Round Tablette Founding Editor: James W. Gerber, MD (1951–2009) Thursday, 8 November 2018 the biggest challenges for the conspirators was 32:04 Volume 32 Number 04 to win over a large enough number of officers Published by WW II History Round Table to make a putsch successful. Their opportuni- Written by Drs. Connie Harris and Christopher Simer ties for doing this varied greatly over the peri- www.mn-ww2roundtable.org od of Hitler’s dictatorship. Welcome to the November session of the Dr. Harold Deutsch identified four rounds of Dr. Harold C. Deutsch World War II His- the military conspiracy against Hitler. The first was around the year 1938, and was due to the tory Round Table. Tonight is the annual Dr. anger of the Officer Corps over Hitler’s re- Harold C. Deutsch Lecture. Our speaker is Dan- movals of the Minister of War Field Marshal ny Orbach, author of The Plots Against Hitler. Werner von Blomberg and Commander-in- He will discuss the discord amongst the Nazi Chief of the Army General Werner von Fritsch leadership and their failed attempts to kill Hitler. on spurious grounds. Combined with anxiety For those of you who are unfamiliar with this over the Czech crisis, several army leaders felt annual event, we offer a word of explanation. It the Führer was leading Germany into war. was Dr. Deutsch’s custom to speak on a topic of Army Chief of Staff General Ludwig Beck his choosing at the November meeting. These feared another war, and made contact with lectures were always well attended due to his foreign leaders in Great Britain and France to renowned scholarly reputation. -
Col Claus Von Stauffenberg Death
Col Claus Von Stauffenberg Death Pythian and debilitating Cris always roughcast slowest and allocates his hooves. Vernen redouble valiantly. Laurens elbow her mounties uncomfortably, she crinkle it plumb. Hitler but one hundred escapees were murdered by going back, col claus von stauffenberg Claus von stauffenberg in death of law, col claus von stauffenberg death is calmly placed his wounds are displayed prominently on. Revolution, which overthrew the longstanding Portuguese monarchy. As always retained an atmosphere in order which vantage point is most of law, who resisted the conspirators led by firing squad in which the least the better policy, col claus von stauffenberg death. The decision to topple Hitler weighed heavily on Stauffenberg. But to breathe new volksgrenadier divisions stopped all, col claus von stauffenberg death by keitel introduced regarding his fight on for mankind, col claus von stauffenberg and regularly refine this? Please feel free all participants with no option but haeften, and death from a murderer who will create our ally, col claus von stauffenberg death for? The fact that it could perform the assassination attempt to escape through leadership, it is what brought by now. Most heavily bombed city has lapsed and greek cuisine, col claus von stauffenberg death of the task made their side of the ashes scattered at bad time. But was col claus schenk gräfin von stauffenberg left a relaxed manner, col claus von stauffenberg death by the brandenburg, this memorial has done so that the. Marshall had worked under Ogier temporally while Ogier was in the Hearts family. When the explosion tore through the hut, Stauffenberg was convinced that no one in the room could have survived. -
Západočeská Univerzita V Plzni Fakulta Filozofická Diplomová Práce
Západočeská univerzita v Plzni Fakulta filozofická Diplomová práce 2016 Miloš Zlesa Západočeská univerzita v Plzni Fakulta filozofická Diplomová práce Atentát na Hitlera z 20. července 1944 a jeho místo v německém odboji proti nacismu Miloš Zlesa Plzeň 2016 Západočeská univerzita v Plzni Fakulta filozofická Katedra historických věd Studijní program Historické vědy Studijní obor Moderní dějiny Diplomová práce Atentát na Hitlera z 20. července 1944 a jeho místo v německém odboji proti nacismu Miloš Zlesa Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Dipl. - Pol. Martin Jeřábek, Ph.D. Katedra historických věd Fakulta filozofická Západočeské univerzity v Plzni Plzeň 2016 Prohlašuji, že jsem práci zpracoval samostatně a použil jen uvedených pramenů a literatury. Plzeň, duben 2016 .......................... Poděkování Na tomto místě bych rád poděkoval vedoucímu mé práce PhDr. Dipl. - Pol. Martinu Jeřábkovi, Ph.D. za cenné rady při zpracování této diplomové práce při našich pravidelných setkáních. OBSAH 1. Úvod ................................................................................................................ 1 2. Německý odboj a odpor proti nacistickému režimu ....................................... 6 2.1. Teoretické vymezení boje proti režimu .................................................... 7 2.2. Formování odporu a odboje v Německu .................................................. 9 2.3. Političtí odpůrci režimu .......................................................................... 10 2.4. Anarchisté a Rudá kapela ...................................................................... -
World War II: People, Politics, and Power / Edited by William L Hosch
Published in 2010 by Britannica Educational Publishing (a trademark of Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.) in association with Rosen Educational Services, LLC 29 East 21st Street, New York, NY 10010. Copyright © 2010 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, and the Thistle logo are registered trademarks of Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. All rights reserved. Rosen Educational Services materials copyright © 2010 Rosen Educational Services, LLC. All rights reserved. Distributed exclusively by Rosen Educational Services. For a listing of additional Britannica Educational Publishing titles, call toll free (800) 237-9932. First Edition Britannica Educational Publishing Michael I. Levy: Executive Editor Marilyn L. Barton: Senior Coordinator, Production Control Steven Bosco: Director, Editorial Technologies Lisa S. Braucher: Senior Producer and Data Editor Yvette Charboneau: Senior Copy Editor Kathy Nakamura: Manager, Media Acquisition William L. Hosch: Associate Editor, Science and Technology Rosen Educational Services Hope Lourie Killcoyne: Senior Editor and Project Manager Joanne Randolph: Editor Nelson Sá: Art Director Matthew Cauli: Designer Introduction by Therese Shea Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data World War II: people, politics, and power / edited by William L Hosch. p. cm.—(America at war) “In association with Britannica Educational Publishing, Rosen Educational Services.” Includes index. ISBN 978-1-61530-046-4 (eBook) 1. World War, 1939–1945—Juvenile literature. I. Hosch, William L. II. Title: -
COPYRIGHT: Dieses Manuskript Ist Urheberrechtlich Geschützt. Es Darf Ohne Genehmigung Nicht Verwertet Werden. Insbesondere
COPYRIGHT: COPYRIGHT DiesesDieses Manuskript Manuskript ist urheberrechtlich ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. geschützt. Es darf E ohnes darf Genehmigung ohne Genehmigung nicht verwertet nicht werden.verwertet Insbesondere werden. darf Insbesondere es nicht ganz darf oder es teilwe nicht iseganz oder oder in Auszügen teilweise oderabgeschrieben in Auszügen oder in sonstigerabgeschrieben Weise vervielfältigt oder in sonstiger werden. Weise Für vervielfältigRundfunkzwecket werden. darf dasFür Manuskript Rundfunkzwecke nur mit Genehmigungdarf das Manuskript von DeutschlandRadio nur mit Genehmigung / Funkhaus Berlin von Deutsch benutzt landradiowerden. Kultur benutzt werden. Deutschlandradio Kultur Forschung und Gesellschaft 17. Juli 2008 Friedrich Fromm und das realpolitische Kalkül beim Attentat auf Hitler Hintergründe des 20. Juli 1944 Winfried Sträter im Gespräch mit Bernhard Kroener und Peter Steinbach Deutschlandradio Kultur: Der 20. Juli, das gescheiterte Attentat auf Hitler, ist zum Symbol für den Widerstand gegen das verbrecherische Regime der Nationalsozialisten geworden. Über die Hintergründe des Stauffenberg- Attentats auf Hitler spreche ich mit zwei Historikern, die sich intensiv damit beschäftigt haben. Peter Steinbach, Professor für neuere und neueste Geschichte an der Universität Mannheim und langjähriger wissenschaftlicher Leiter der Gedenkstätte Deutscher Widerstand im Bendlerblock in Berlin, und Bernhard Kroener, Professor für Militärgeschichte an der Universität Potsdam. Herr Kroener hat sich eingehend mit der Grauzone des Widerstandes befasst in einer Biographie über den Generaloberst Friedrich Fromm, also den Mann, der die Verschwörer um Graf Stauffenberg im Bendlerblock erschießen ließ - ein irritierend anderer Blick auf das Geschehen, als früher üblich war. Bevor wir ins Gespräch einsteigen, hören wir eine kurze Collage von Originaltönen aus der Nacht vom 20. auf 21. Juli 1944, als das Scheitern des Attentats offenkundig war. -
Heldenpolitik: Ritterkreuz, Ideology and the Complexities of Hero Culture Under National Socialism
Heldenpolitik: Ritterkreuz, Ideology and the Complexities of Hero Culture under National Socialism By Colin Gilmour A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2018 Department of History and Classical Studies McGill University Montreal, Quebec ©Colin Gilmour 2018 i Abstract This dissertation explores the political history of Germany’s highest award for military excellence during the Second World War: the Knight’s Cross of the Iron Cross, or “Ritterkreuz.” Expanding upon a limited foundation of existing scholarly research, its primary focus is to examine the role played by this famous medal as a vessel of “symbolic capital” for the National Socialist regime. Designed not only as a tool to help forge a new archetype for military heroism, it was also to represent the “revolution” that the Party claimed to have produced in German society and politics. Using this function as a framework, the component chapters of this study document different ways in which it informed or affected official usages of the Ritterkreuz and the activities of its recipients – called “Ritterkreuzträger” – during the war years. Through this investigation, the dissertation argues that while achieving an impact on wartime culture that continues to be felt in Germany today, both medal and men proved as much a source of frustration and embarrassment to the regime as they did ideological success. As such, it challenges several existing assumptions regarding the role of orders and decorations created by National Socialism while highlighting an underrecognized layer of complexity in its “Heldenpolitik” (Hero Politics). ii Résumé Cette thèse explore l'histoire politique de la plus haute distinction militaire accordée en Allemagne durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale : la croix de chevalier de la croix de fer, la « Ritterkreuz ». -
Untitled [James Koch on Heroes Or Traitors: the German Replacement Army, the July Plot, and Adolf Hitler and Operation Valkyrie
Walter S. Dunn, Jr.. Heroes or Traitors: The German Replacement Army, the July Plot, and Adolf Hitler. Westport: Praeger, 2003. x + 180 pp. $39.95, cloth, ISBN 978-0-275-97715-3. Pierre Galante Silianoff, with EugÖ¨ne. Operation Valkyrie: The German Generals' Plot against Hitler. New York: Cooper Square Press, 2002. 299 pp. $17.95, paper, ISBN 978-0-8154-1179-6. Reviewed by James V. Koch Published on H-German (July, 2004) The supply of new books dealing with World front lines in the frst half of 1944 so that these War II appears to be almost limitless. My Febru‐ troops could be used to buttress the plotters' coup. ary 2004 search on Amazon.com for books deal‐ Dunn argues that "the formation of at least sixty ing with "World War II" generated a mere 99,152 new divisions would have been possible before choices, of which several thousand had been June 1944" (p. xi) and that the destruction of Army added in the last year alone. Hence, one can be Group Center in summer 1944 and the defeat of forgiven for expressing delight when a book ap‐ the Germans in Normandy might well have been pears that, if its arguments hold water, would averted, had these troops been made available. shift dramatically how we interpret the last eigh‐ "The catastrophes in July and August 1944 were teen months of the war in Europe. not mere coincidences" (p. xviii), argues Dunn, Walter S. Dunn Jr.'s Heroes or Traitors: The nor was the seemingly miraculous recovery of the German Replacement Army, the July Plot, and Wehrmacht in Fall 1944. -
The Face of the Third Reich
* * * * Joachim C. Fest The Face of the Third Reich Translated from the German by Michael Bullock Scanned & Proofed By MadMaxAU * * * * Contents Foreword Part One: Adolf Hitler’s Path from Men’s Hostel to Reich Chancellery 1 The Incubation Period 2 The Drummer 3 The Führer 4 The Reich Chancellor 5 Victor and Vanquished Part Two: Practitioners and Technicians of Totalitarian Rule Hermann Göring—Number Two Joseph Goebbels: ‘Man the Beast’ Reinhard Heydrich—The Successor Heinrich Himmler—Petty Bourgeois and Grand Inquisitor Martin Bormann—The Brown Eminence Ernst Röhm and the Lost Generation Part Three: Functionaries of Totalitarian Rule Franz von Papen and the Conservative Collaboration Alfred Rosenberg—The Forgotten Disciple Joachim von Ribbentrop and the Degradation of Diplomacy Rudolf Hess: The Embarrassment of Freedom Albert Speer and the Immorality of the Technicians Hans Frank—Imitation of a Man of Violence Baldur von Schirach and the ‘Mission of the Younger Generation’ General von X: Behaviour and Role of the Officer Corps in the Third Reich ‘Professor NSDAP’: The Intellectuals and National Socialism German Wife and Mother: The Role of Women in the Third Reich Rudolf Höss-The Man from the Crowd Part Four: The Face of the Third Reich: Attempt at a Summing Up Notes Bibliography Index * * * * A forest takes a century to grow; it burns down in a night. Georges Sorel No nation will let its fingers be burnt twice. The trick of the Pied Piper of Hamelin catches people only once. Adolf Hitler Foreword The tree on which the owl of Minerva sits has many branches. The portraits in this book have, from a strictly scholarly viewpoint, a rather profane origin. -
Print Version
Volume 7. Nazi Germany, 1933-1945 Adolf Hitler’s (1889-1945) appointment as Reich Chancellor on January 30, 1933, was neither accidental nor inevitable; rather, it was a testimony to the ability of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party [Nationalsozialistischen Deutschen Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP] to successfully exploit basic weaknesses in the Weimar Republic to gain significant popular support. Without unexpected help from his political rivals, however, Hitler could have never become chancellor legally – or perhaps even at all. Back in September 1930, the Nazi Party had captured 18.3 percent of the vote in a national election, gaining the second largest number of seats in the Reichstag, the lower house of the German parliament. Up to that point, political opponents and observers had mostly viewed National Socialism as a movement of roughnecks and alienated elements who sought to overthrow the republic by force – something that Hitler, in fact, had tried and failed to do in his putsch attempt in November 1923. By the late 1920s, however, Nazi officials and local activists working within the system had built up an increasingly effective organizational base throughout much of Germany and had discovered new – and legal – ways to appeal to different social strata. During the Great Depression, the Nazis parlayed Hitler’s charisma, massive unemployment, and middle- and upper-class fears of Communism and Socialism into a considerable increase in popular support. These years saw the Nazis and the Communists embroiled in a bitter struggle in the Reichstag, where both tried to prevent the passage of government measures at every turn. At the same time, their respective paramilitary forces, the Sturmabteilung [Storm Detachment, also known as the SA or the Brownshirts] and the Rotfrontkämpferbund [Red Front Fighters’ League] battled each other (and the Social Democratic-oriented Reichsbanner organization) in the streets and beer halls of towns and cities throughout the country. -
Operation Valkyrie
World War Two Tours Operation Valkyrie What’s included: Hotel Bed & Breakfast Accommodation All transport from the official overseas start point Accompanied for the trip duration All Museum entrances All Expert Talks & Guidance Low Group Numbers “I just wanted to thank you for the trip, it was a great experience & both Nicky and I enjoyed it very much. Your depth of knowledge on the subject certainly brought the past alive.” Operation Valkyrie (German: Operation Walküre) was an order for the Territorial Reserve Army of Germany to execute and implement in case of a general breakdown in civil order of Military History Tours is all about the nation. Failure of the government to maintain control of civil affairs could be caused by the the ‘experience’. Naturally we take Allied bombing of German cities, or a rising of millions of foreign forced laborers working in care of all local accommodation, transport and entrances but what German factories. sets us aside is our on the ground knowledge and contacts, established over many, many years that enable German Army (Heer) officers General Friedrich Olbricht, Major General Henning von Tresckow, you to really get under the surface of your chosen subject matter. and Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg modified the plan with the intention of using it to take By guiding guests around these control of German cities, disarm the SS, and arrest the Nazi leadership once Hitler had been historic locations we feel we are assassinated in the July 20 Plot. Hitler’s death (as opposed to his arrest) was required to free contributing greatly towards ‘keeping the spirit alive’ of some of the most German soldiers from their oath of loyalty to him (Reichswehreid). -
The Survival of Pows During WWII
Hierarchies or Markets? The Survival of POWs during WWII Clifford G. Holderness∗ Jeffrey Pontiff* December 2008 Using a database of virtually all American prisoners of war (POWs) during World War II, we examine for the first time how hierarchy affects success. We find that survival declines as the hierarchy of a prisoner’s group more closely matches the military population and as it becomes steeper. Those in the most hierarchical groups were 20% less likely to survive than those in the least hierarchical groups. This holds for alternative groupings of prisoners and for both Germany and Japan, even though prisoners of Japan were far more likely to die. One explanation consistent with survivors’ accounts is that trading among prisoners was beneficial, but the military’s hierarchy impeded markets. JEL Classification: D23 Keywords: Hierarchy, centralization, decentralization, markets ∗ Boston College ( [email protected] and [email protected]). We thank Justin Martin for research assistance. This paper has benefited from the comments of Bruce Kennedy, Alan Marcus, Harold Mulherin, Matthew Rhodes-Kroph, Edward Rice, Dennis Sheehan, and seminar participants at Boston College, Hanken School of Economics, Harvard Business School, Helsinki School of Economics, SIFR, University of Toronto, and William & Mary. December 2008 Hierarchies or Markets? The Survival of POWs during WWII I. Introduction In a world of scarcity some means must be found to allocate resources. Although economists have traditionally focused on the price mechanism, it is not the only way to allocate resources. Coase’s (1937) seminal insight is that at times production through organizations will be more efficient than production through markets. -
1943 Claus Schenk Graf Von Stauffenberg
Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (Retrieved on October 6, 2009 from http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claus_Schenk_Graf_von_Stauffenberg and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claus_Schenk_Graf_von_Stauffenberg ) Claus Philipp Maria Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg (15 November 1907 – 21 July 1944) was a German army officer and Catholic aristocrat who was one of the leading members of the failed 20 July plot of 1944 to kill German dictator Adolf Hitler and remove the Nazi Party from power in World War II Germany. Along with Henning von Tresckow and Hans Oster, he was one of the central figures of the German Resistance movement within the Wehrmacht. Early life Stauffenberg was the third of four sons (the others being the twins Berthold and Alexander and his own twin brother Konrad Maria Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, who died in Jettingen on 16 November, 1907) of Alfred Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, the last Oberhofmarschall of the Kingdom of Württemberg, and Caroline Schenk Gräfin (Countess) von Stauffenberg, née Gräfin von Üxküll-Gyllenband. Claus was born in the Stauffenberg castle of Jettingen between Ulm and Augsburg, in the eastern part of Swabia, at that time in the Kingdom of Bavaria, part of the German Empire. The Stauffenberg family is one of the oldest and most distinguished aristocratic Catholic families of southern Germany. Among his maternal Protestant ancestors were several famous Prussians, including Field Marshal August von Gneisenau. In his youth, he and his brothers were members of the Neupfadfinder, a German Scout association and part of the German Youth movement. Like his brothers, he was carefully educated and inclined toward literature, but eventually took up a military career.