DOCSLIB.ORG

ARISE Network

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
ARISE Network ARISE - Appetite for Enterprise WP1 - Research and Capacity Building Desk Research Business Climate for Migrant Women Joint Report Deliverable produced by Verein Multikulturell Date: August 10th 2017 Version: 1.1 1 Table of Content Table of Content ............................................................................................................... 2 AUSTRIA ...................................................................................................................... 5 Part A: General data – Migrants and the national labour market ....................................... 5 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 5 Demographic development ........................................................................................................... 5 Educational level ............................................................................................................................ 8 Employment ................................................................................................................................. 10 Part B: Business climate .................................................................................................. 14 Entrepreneurship in Austria ........................................................................................................ 14 Support services ........................................................................................................................... 19 Part C: Preconditions for business establishment for migrants ..................................... - 25 - Available legal forms for business establishment .................................................................. - 25 - Trades ....................................................................................................................................... - 25 - Residence status ...................................................................................................................... - 26 - Part D: Case studies .................................................................................................... - 28 - Part E: Findings of focus group discussions .................................................................. - 34 - GREECE .................................................................................................................. - 39 - Introduction ............................................................................................................... - 39 - Part A: General data – Migrants and the national labour market ................................. - 40 - The Greek labour market ......................................................................................................... - 40 - Characteristics of migrant population in Greece .................................................................... - 41 - Migrant women in Greece ....................................................................................................... - 42 - The situation of migrants in the Greek labour market ........................................................... - 43 - Part B: Business climate .............................................................................................. - 46 - Entrepreneurship in Greece ..................................................................................................... - 46 - Private initiatives to support entrepreneurship in Greece .................................................... - 46 - Business accelerators ............................................................................................................... - 47 - Profile of migrants as entrepreneurs in Greece ...................................................................... - 47 - Migrants’ Entrepreneurship in Greece .................................................................................... - 50 - Part C: Preconditions for business establishment for migrants ..................................... - 51 - Available legal forms for business establishment .................................................................. - 51 - National funding for establishing a business .......................................................................... - 53 - Part D: Case studies .................................................................................................... - 54 - Part E: Findings of focus group discussions .................................................................. - 58 - FRANCE .................................................................................................................. - 61 - Part A: General data – Migrants and the national labour market ................................. - 61 - Migration overview in France .................................................................................................. - 61 - Migrants and labour market overview in France.................................................................... - 63 - General statistics about entrepreneurship ............................................................................. - 67 - Migrant entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial activities .......................................................... - 68 - Economical outcomes of migrant entrepreneurship .............................................................. - 70 - 2 Part B: Part B: Business climate ................................................................................... - 71 - Support services for entrepreneurs or business incubators .................................................. - 72 - Financial support services for new entrepreneurs and start-ups .......................................... - 75 - Part C: Preconditions for business establishment for migrants ..................................... - 79 - Legal conditions for business establishment in general ......................................................... - 79 - Legal conditions regarding special business areas.................................................................. - 80 - Financial preconditions ............................................................................................................ - 80 - Part D: Case studies .................................................................................................... - 82 - Part E: Findings of focus group discussions .................................................................. - 89 - GERMANY .............................................................................................................. - 93 - Part A: General data – Migrants and the national labour market ................................. - 93 - Part B: Business climate .............................................................................................. - 99 - Part C: Preconditions for business establishments for migrants ..................................- 101 - The residence status .............................................................................................................. - 101 - The profession ........................................................................................................................ - 101 - Permissions and registrations ............................................................................................... - 102 - Summary ...................................................................................................................- 102 - Part D: Case studies ...................................................................................................- 104 - Part E: Findings of focus group discussions .................................................................- 107 - ITALY .....................................................................................................................- 111 - Part A: General data – Migrants and the national labour market in Sicily ....................- 111 - Residents per nationality and gender ................................................................................... - 111 - Employment ........................................................................................................................... - 119 - Entrepreneurship ................................................................................................................... - 121 - Part B: Business climate .............................................................................................- 127 - Existing businesses of migrants in the area and existing local competition ........................ - 127 - Support services for new entrepreneurs and start-ups ........................................................ - 129 - Additional measures to support the Italian innovation ecosystem ..................................... - 133 - Italy Start up Visa ................................................................................................................... - 136 - Support services particularly addressed to women and/or migrants ................................. - 137 - Part C: Preconditions for business establishment for migrants ....................................- 138 - Part D: Case studies ...................................................................................................- 140 - Part E: Findings of focus group discussions .................................................................- 147 - SWEDEN ................................................................................................................-
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Virtual Assyria Dan Lundberg
    Virtual Assyria Dan Lundberg (The content of this site is based on data collected 1996-1997) Illustration: Ann Ahlbom Sundqvist Introduction (2010) Some comments on the re-publishing of this study of Assyrian cultural activities on the Internet – more than 10 years later. This study is based on fieldwork and other data collections that I conducted during the second half of the 1990s. I can truly say that I was impressed by all the web enthusiasts that were striving to create a transnational Assyrian community – a "cyber nation" on the Internet. However, the development has been incredibly fast during the last decades and today (2010) it is hard to imagine the almost science fictional impression that ideas about cyber communities gave back in the nineties. When looking back at the development of the Internet it seems as if the "cyber space" that was announced on the home page of Nineveh On-line 1997 has become less virtual over the years. Today we are living in both worlds – using the Internet for shopping, reading, finding information, communication, playing, dating, etc, etc.The boarder between virtual and real often appears to be diffuse and in fact, not so important any more. Svenskt visarkiv shut down this website in 2008 because we felt we could no longer guarantee that all links were relevant and functioning. The lifespan of articles online can sometimes be quite short. However, we have received many requests to publish it again, an indication that the content is still regarded as important. This new edition has some corrected links and dead links have been deleted, but otherwise the text has not been changed at all.
    [Show full text]
  • Facts About Botkyrka –Context, Character and Demographics (C4i) Förstudie Om Lokalt Unesco-Centrum Med Nationell Bäring Och Brett Partnerskap
    Facts about Botkyrka –context, character and demographics (C4i) Förstudie om lokalt Unesco-centrum med nationell bäring och brett partnerskap Post Botkyrka kommun, 147 85 TUMBA | Besök Munkhättevägen 45 | Tel 08-530 610 00 | www.botkyrka.se | Org.nr 212000-2882 | Bankgiro 624-1061 BOTKYRKA KOMMUN Facts about Botkyrka C4i 2 [11] Kommunledningsförvaltningen 2014-05-14 The Botkyrka context and character In 2010, Botkyrka adopted the intercultural strategy – Strategy for an intercultural Botkyrka, with the purpose to create social equality, to open up the life chances of our inhabitants, to combat discrimination, to increase the representation of ethnic and religious minorities at all levels of the municipal organisation, and to increase social cohesion in a sharply segregated municipality (between northern and southern Botkyrka, and between Botkyrka and other municipalities1). At the moment of writing, the strategy, targeted towards both the majority and the minority populations, is on the verge of becoming implemented within all the municipal administrations and the whole municipal system of governance, so it is still to tell how much it will influence and change the current situation in the municipality. Population and demographics Botkyrka is a municipality with many faces. We are the most diverse municipality in Sweden. Between 2010 and 2012 the proportion of inhabitants with a foreign background increased to 55 % overall, and to 65 % among all children and youngsters (aged 0–18 years) in the municipality.2 55 % have origin in some other country (one self or two parents born abroad) and Botkyrka is the third youngest population among all Swedish municipalities.3 Botkyrka has always been a traditionally working-class lower middle-class municipality, but the inflow of inhabitants from different parts of the world during half a decade, makes this fact a little more complex.
    [Show full text]
  • SOU 2005:91 Agenda För Mångkultur
    Program för Mångkulturåret 2006 Intresset för Mångkulturåret 2006 är stort, och året kommer att bli händelserikt. I det följande kalendariet har vi samlat alla planerade aktiviteter och verksamheter. Kalendariet baseras på redovisningar vi tagit emot från fler än 350 aktörer.* För att få det överskådligt har vi gjort följande uppdelning av redovisade evenemang: -Aktörer som fått i uppdrag av regeringen att genomföra aktivite- ter och verksamheter under Mångkulturåret 2006. -Aktörer som inbjudits att medverka i Mångkulturåret 2006. -Övriga aktörer vilka varken har fått i uppdrag eller inbjudits att medverka i Mångkulturåret 2006, men som antingen har blivit kontaktade av Kommittén för samordning av Mångkulturåret 2006, eller som själva har hört av sig och önskat vara med. Aktörerna är sorterade efter län, de med verksamhet i hela landet har en egen avdelning. Vill du veta mer om någon av årets aktivite- ter eller verksamheter? Då ber vi dig att ta kontakt direkt med arrangören. Ansvaret för innehåll och förverkligande av de redovi- sade planerade aktiviteterna och verksamheterna vilar hos de enskilda aktörerna. *Samtliga redovisningar som Kommittén för samordning av Mångkulturåret 2006 tagit emot senast 15 september 2005. Ibland har vårt begränsade utrymme tvingat oss att göra ett urval av de inkomna redovisningarnas innehåll. Vilka som fått i uppdrag och vilka som har inbju- dits att medverka i Mångkulturåret 2006 läser du mer om i Bilaga 2. Uppdrag 75 Uppdrag SOU 2005:91 Arbetets museum Arbetets museum har sedan museet öppnade 1991 fokuserat på tre teman; arbetsliv, genus och etnicitet. Som ett av många exempel på utställningar och programverksamhet som vi drivit på temat etnicitet vill vi inledningsvis kort lyfta fram projektet Drömmen om ett bättre liv.
    [Show full text]
  • Socialnämnden 2018-10-30, Kl 19:00
    KALLELSE/FÖREDRAGNINGSLISTA 1 [2] Socialnämnden 2018-10-30 Socialnämnden Tid 2018-10-30, Kl 19:00 Plats Kommunalhuset i Tumba, plan 2 rum 3 Stange Ärenden Justering 1 Områdesbokslut januari-juni 2018 (SN 2018:390) 2 Kvalitetsberättelse 2018 - muntlig information 3 Revidering av socialnämndens yttrande till Mål och Budget 2019 med plan för 2020-2022 (SN 2018:1) 4 Revidering av delegationsordning för socialnämnden (SN 2018:216) 5 Informationshanteringsplan för Socialnämnden (SN 2018:38) 6 Ansökan om statsbidrag till investeringar i välfärdsteknik i omsorgen 2018 (SN 2018:247) 7 Remissvar av betänkandet Informationsutbyte vid samverkan mot terrorism, SOU 2018:65, Dnr Ju2018/04064/L4 (SN 2018:360) 8 Statsbidrag för att motverka segregation, Våldspreventivt center (SN 2018:401) 9 Rapportering av ej verkställda beslut (SN 2018:24)enl. 4 kap. §1 § SoL och 28 f § LSS, kvartal 1 2018 (SN 2018:24) 10 Förvaltningschefen informerar - muntlig information BOTKYRKA KOMMUN KALLELSE/FÖREDRAGNINGSLISTA 2[2] Socialnämnden 2018-10-30 11 Uppföljning av Dialogforum (SN 2018:16) 12 Samordningsförbundet för Botkyrka, Huddinge och Salem (SN 2018:15) 13 Anmälan av Delegationsbeslut (SN 2018:14) 14 Anmälningsärenden (SN 2018:12) Majoritetspartierna träffas i kommunalhuset i Tumba, plan 2 rum 3 Stange, kl. 18.00 Oppositionspartierna träffas i kommunalhuset i Tumba, socialförvaltningens stora sammanträdesrum på plan 8, kl. 18.00 . Var vänlig och meddela Anneli Sjöberg om du inte kan närvara, tfn 0708-86 13 39 eller an- [email protected]. MATS EINARSSON ANNELI SJÖBERG ordförande sekreterare ORDFÖRANDEFÖRSLAG Socialnämnden 2018-10-30 Dnr SN/2018:390 1 Områdesbokslut januari-juni 2018 (SN 2018:390) – muntlig information Beslut Socialnämnden har tagit del av informationen.
    [Show full text]
  • MOZHGAN ZACHRISON INVISIBLE VOICES MALMÖ UNIVERSITY 2014 , a Lives
    DOCT MOZHG OR MOZHGAN ZACHRISON AN AL ZA THESIS C INVISIBLE VOICES HRISON IN This book attempts to provide an understanding of non-linguistic ETHNIC Understanding the Sociocultural Influences on aspects involved in teaching, learning, and using a second language. Adult Migrants’ Second Language Learning and With the help of qualitative interviews and conversations, this AND Communicative Interaction book sheds light on how three perspectives interact and affect adult migrants’ learning milieu, attitudes to, and motivation for learning MIGR and using the Swedish language. These perspectives are a) the teaching A TION context, b) migrants’ living environment and life conditions, and c) S the sociocultural influences involved in communicative situations. TUDIES Adult migrants, especially at the beginning of their stay in Sweden, constantly hover between different social realities while organizing a 20 1 new life in an unknown country. Longing for home, having feelings of 4 displacement, and discovering and adjusting to the unwritten rules of INVISIBLE the migration country become a difficult challenge. In such a situation contact with people with a similar background and with the home country isolates the migrant from the Swedish language and Swedish V OICES society, at the same time as it is a survival mechanism. Similarly, a monocultural teaching approach that is isolated from learners’ social reality contributes to the feelings of alienation and ineptitude. As a result, there is a risk that the attitudes toward, and the motivation for, learning and using the Swedish language will not be prioritized and that adult migrants will continue to prefer to manage their lives without the Swedish language by relying on their access to other communities (i.e., their social capital).
    [Show full text]
  • Beskrivning Till Kartan Grundvattenförekomster I Botkyrka Kommun
    K 92 Beskrivning till kartan Grundvattenförekomster i Botkyrka kommun Torbjörn Persson 2008 K 92 Beskrivning till kartan över Grundvattenförekomster i Botkyrka kommun Torbjörn Persson Sveriges geologiska undersökning 2008 ISSN 1652-8336 ISBN 978-91-7158-809-8 För mer detaljerad information om jordarter och berggrund hänvisas till SGUs speciella jordartskartor och berggrundskartor. Närmare upplysningar erhålls genom Sveriges geologiska undersökning Box 670 751 28 Uppsala Tel: 018-17 90 00 Fax: 018-17 92 10 E-post: [email protected] Webbplats: www.sgu.se Omslagsbild: Borrning vid Vårsta 2004. Foto: Torbjörn Persson. © Sveriges geologiska undersökning 2008 Layout: Kerstin Finn, SGU FÖRORD Kartan över grundvattenförkomsterna i Botkyrka kommun ingår i en serie kommuninriktade grund- vattenkartor, i serierna An och K, som framställs av Sveriges geologiska undersökning, SGU. Kar- tan är framtagen med hjälp av befintlig hydrogeologisk information från kommunen, länsstyrelsen i Stockholms län och privat näringsliv som ställts till SGUs förfogande. Utöver detta material har SGU kompletterat med egna fältinsatser. Kartan är avsedd att i första hand komma till användning i den kommunala verksamheten men kan givetvis även användas i andra, grundvattenrelaterade sam- manhang. Kartan är speciellt anpassad för att utgöra ett av de nödvändiga beslutsunderlag som krävs i sam- band med kommunal planering för t.ex. markanvändning, vattenförsörjning, grundvattenskydd samt grundvattenrelaterade tillstånds- och tillsynsfrågor. Kartunderlaget utgör även en kunskapsbas vid arbete med miljömålsverksamhet och vattendirektiv. Den föreliggande kartan är digitalt framställd. Informationen är inlagrad i databasen med en nog- grannhet som huvudsakligen är avsedd att passa en återgivning i skala 1:50 000. Framställningar av analoga kartor över hela eller delar av kommunen från kartdatabasen kan göras i såväl större som mindre skala, vilket emellertid kräver insikt i att noggrannheten inte alltid överensstämmer med den förändrade kartskalan.
    [Show full text]
  • The Suburb United Will Never Be Defeated
    The Suburb United Will Never Be Defeated – Youth Organization, Belonging, and Protest in a Million Program Suburb of Stockholm The Suburb United Will Never Be Defeated – Youth Organization, Belonging, and Protest in a Million Program Suburb of Stockholm Author: Daniela Lazoroska Cover photo: Courtyard in Husby. IMAGE BY AUTHOR. SAM212 Master’s thesis Department of Social Anthropology, Stockholm University 30 ECTS credits, Spring 2013 Supervisor: Jennifer Mack © Författarna och Stockholmia forskning och förlag Layout: Tina Danielsson Ord & Form Omslagsbild: Courtyard in Husby. Image by author. Satt med: Gill Sans MT och Stockholm Type www.stockholmia.stockholm.se ABSTRACT This thesis examines the continually reconfiguring response of a youth organization towards a renovation project, Järvalyftet, run by the City of Stockholm in the Million Program suburbs. By analyzing this relationship, I aim to discuss how the youth organization works to mediate inclusion in political and representational spheres. More specifically, I will discuss the intersections between Järvalyftet’s development and the claims of belonging made by the youths upon the particular suburb, Husby, where they resided. My interest lies in understanding the conjuncture and disjuncture of claims that have been made to community, locality, and local knowledge in the interaction between the youth organization and the project Järvalyftet. I argue that the forms of community instigated by the youth organization, which were based on locality and “blackness”, allowed them to position themselves as key proponents of social and political change, as well as mobilize allies in others who identified with those experiences. Keywords: Youth organization, Husby, community formation, protest, Järvalyftet, Million Program.
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeological and Historical Perspectives on Early Modern Maritime Violence and Warfare
    ON WAR ON BOARD Archaeological and historical perspectives on early modern maritime violence and warfare Edited by Johan Rönnby ON WAR ON BOARD Archaeological and historical perspectives on early modern maritime violence and warfare Edited by Johan Rönnby Södertörns högskola Södertörns högskola Biblioteket SE-141 89 Huddinge www.sh.se/publications © Authors Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License All images are subject to individual licensing Cover image: Skirmish between Amsterdam and English warships, 20 April 1605, detail of a painting, by Hendrick Cornelisz Vroom (1566–1640), 1614 (A.0002) The National Maritime Museum, Amsterdam Het Scheepvaartmuseum, Amsterdam (HSM) Cover: Jonathan Robson Graphic form: Per Lindblom & Jonathan Robson Printed by Elanders, Stockholm 2019 Södertörn Archaeological Studies 15 ISSN 1652-2559 Södertörn Academic Studies 78 ISSN 1650-433X ISBN 978-91-88663-86-3 (print) ISBN 978-91-88663-87-0 (digital) Contents Introduction JOHAN RÖNNBY 7 The Performance of a Naval Hero Admirals in the Nordic Seven Years’ War 1563–1570 KEKKE STADIN 19 Symbols of Power – Attributes of Rank on Warships in the 17th Century PATRIK HÖGLUND 39 Notions of Fear in a 17th Century Navy ANNASARA HAMMAR 51 Heroes, Cowards and Their Shipwrecks – Thoughts on the Maritime Archaeology of the Scanian War (1675–1679) NIKLAS ERIKSSON 73 An Introduction to Hand-to-Hand Combat at Sea – General Characteristics and Shipborne Technologies from c. 1210 BCE to 1600 CE ROLF FABRICIUS WARMING 99 Understanding the Gundeck Experience
    [Show full text]
  • Music in Motion
    Music in Motion 2009-03-23 15-13-40 --- Projekt: transcript.titeleien / Dokument: FAX ID 02e7205719821352|(S. 1 ) T00_01 schmutztitel - 1074.p 205719821360 The cooperation partners of the ExTra! project are: 2009-03-23 15-13-40 --- Projekt: transcript.titeleien / Dokument: FAX ID 02e7205719821352|(S. 2 ) T00_02 seite 2 - 1074.p 205719821384 Music in Motion Diversity and Dialogue in Europe. Study in the frame of the »ExTra! Exchange Traditions« project Edited by Bernd Clausen, Ursula Hemetek and Eva SÆther for the European Music Council 2009-03-23 15-13-40 --- Projekt: transcript.titeleien / Dokument: FAX ID 02e7205719821352|(S. 3 ) T00_03 titel - 1074.p 205719821440 With the support of the Culture 2000 programme of the European Union. This publication reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein. The European Music Council is supported by Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbiblio- grafie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de © 2009 transcript Verlag, Bielefeld This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License. Cover layout: Kordula Röckenhaus, Bielefeld Cover illustration: Laura Leante, 2006 Layout & Typeset: Markus Köhler Proofread by Wiebke Pilz, Katja Strube, Anne Thomas, Juliette Powel and Benjamin Perriello Translations by Selma Adlim, Patricia Adkins Chiti, Mike Delaney, Kathrin Matzen, Anne Thomas, Juliette Powel, Mojca Vodusek Printed by Majuskel Medienproduktion GmbH, Wetzlar ISBN 978-3-8376-1074-1 2009-03-23 15-13-41 --- Projekt: transcript.titeleien / Dokument: FAX ID 02e7205719821352|(S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Invisible War in North Kurdistan
    The Invisible War in North Kurdistan Kristiina Koivunen 2 The right to healthy living is an essential and non-transferrable basic human right which is guaranteed by our constitution. The utilisation of our health care services by every citizen when he/she needs them, the elimination of regional inequalities, and recognising and raising the health level of our people are some of our basic aims. Through the establishment and management of health information as required, health care services can be directed and monitored in line with our aims. (Dr. H. Ibrahim Öksöy, Minister of Health, 1995) The reason for diseases is poverty, but not only poverty; it is simply the policy of the Turkish state to destroy a nation. Not only to go and shoot and kill them - there are also other methods.(a Kurdish woman) 3 Kristiina Koivunen [email protected] ISBN: 952-10-0644-7 (Internet, PDF) 952-91-4994-8 (Publication) 4 The Invisible War in North Kurdistan List of Abbreviations / List of Tables Acknowledgement 1. Introduction: the scarcity of information about the health of the Kurds 12 Civil war in North Kurdistan(12) / Ethnocide and low-intensity warfare(13) Ethics of studying civilians under armed conflicts(15) 2. Theoretical approach 19 2.1. Ethnic identity People, nation and nationalism(21) / Ethnic revival(24) 2.2. Genocide and ethnocide 27 Ethnocide(32) / Linguistic human rights and linguicide(36) 2.3. Low-intensity warfare 40 3. Ethics of research about war 47 3.1. Ethics of research about war Choosing a side(47) / The researcher's social responsibility(49) 3.2.
    [Show full text]
  • The Invisible War in North Kurdistan
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto The Invisible War in North Kurdistan Kristiina Koivunen 2 The right to healthy living is an essential and non-transferrable basic human right which is guaranteed by our constitution. The utilisation of our health care services by every citizen when he/she needs them, the elimination of regional inequalities, and recognising and raising the health level of our people are some of our basic aims. Through the establishment and management of health information as required, health care services can be directed and monitored in line with our aims. (Dr. H. Ibrahim Öksöy, Minister of Health, 1995) The reason for diseases is poverty, but not only poverty; it is simply the policy of the Turkish state to destroy a nation. Not only to go and shoot and kill them - there are also other methods.(a Kurdish woman) 3 Kristiina Koivunen [email protected] ISBN: 952-10-0644-7 (Internet, PDF) 952-91-4994-8 (Publication) 4 The Invisible War in North Kurdistan List of Abbreviations / List of Tables Acknowledgement 1. Introduction: the scarcity of information about the health of the Kurds 12 Civil war in North Kurdistan(12) / Ethnocide and low-intensity warfare(13) Ethics of studying civilians under armed conflicts(15) 2. Theoretical approach 19 2.1. Ethnic identity People, nation and nationalism(21) / Ethnic revival(24) 2.2. Genocide and ethnocide 27 Ethnocide(32) / Linguistic human rights and linguicide(36) 2.3. Low-intensity warfare 40 3. Ethics of research about war 47 3.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Nichola Smalley Ucl
    CONTEMPORARY URBAN VERNACULARS IN RAP, LITERATURE AND IN TRANSLATION IN SWEDEN AND THE UK NICHOLA SMALLEY UCL PHD 1 2 Declaration I, Nichola Smalley confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Signature: ____________________________________________________________ 3 4 Abstract This thesis explores the use of contemporary urban vernaculars in creative writing in Sweden and the UK. Contemporary urban vernaculars can be defined as varieties of informal speech that have emerged in urban areas with high ethnic and linguistic diversity, and have come to index social affiliation and identity. The thesis examines the form these varieties take when represented in selected examples of creative writing including rap lyrics, poetry, prose, drama, and translation. It also looks at the way such varieties progress from one form to another, arguing that there is a translation effect in operation as spoken language is codified through oral and written forms both within, and between, languages. In order to do all this, the study progresses through a number of steps. First it describes the linguistic phenomena in question; identifying potential equivalences between occurrences of these phenomena in Swedish and English. It then investigates the ways these forms of spoken language have found their way into rap, and then literature, as well as exploring the connections and disparities between these creative verbal forms, both in terms of their formal qualities and their social ones. The main literary corpus consists of a small number of works in Swedish published from 2001 to 2008, including a play, poems, short stories and novels.
    [Show full text]