ARISE - Appetite for Enterprise WP1 - Research and Capacity Building Desk Research Business Climate for Migrant Women Joint Report Deliverable produced by Verein Multikulturell Date: August 10th 2017 Version: 1.1 1 Table of Content Table of Content ............................................................................................................... 2 AUSTRIA ...................................................................................................................... 5 Part A: General data – Migrants and the national labour market ....................................... 5 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 5 Demographic development ........................................................................................................... 5 Educational level ............................................................................................................................ 8 Employment ................................................................................................................................. 10 Part B: Business climate .................................................................................................. 14 Entrepreneurship in Austria ........................................................................................................ 14 Support services ........................................................................................................................... 19 Part C: Preconditions for business establishment for migrants ..................................... - 25 - Available legal forms for business establishment .................................................................. - 25 - Trades ....................................................................................................................................... - 25 - Residence status ...................................................................................................................... - 26 - Part D: Case studies .................................................................................................... - 28 - Part E: Findings of focus group discussions .................................................................. - 34 - GREECE .................................................................................................................. - 39 - Introduction ............................................................................................................... - 39 - Part A: General data – Migrants and the national labour market ................................. - 40 - The Greek labour market ......................................................................................................... - 40 - Characteristics of migrant population in Greece .................................................................... - 41 - Migrant women in Greece ....................................................................................................... - 42 - The situation of migrants in the Greek labour market ........................................................... - 43 - Part B: Business climate .............................................................................................. - 46 - Entrepreneurship in Greece ..................................................................................................... - 46 - Private initiatives to support entrepreneurship in Greece .................................................... - 46 - Business accelerators ............................................................................................................... - 47 - Profile of migrants as entrepreneurs in Greece ...................................................................... - 47 - Migrants’ Entrepreneurship in Greece .................................................................................... - 50 - Part C: Preconditions for business establishment for migrants ..................................... - 51 - Available legal forms for business establishment .................................................................. - 51 - National funding for establishing a business .......................................................................... - 53 - Part D: Case studies .................................................................................................... - 54 - Part E: Findings of focus group discussions .................................................................. - 58 - FRANCE .................................................................................................................. - 61 - Part A: General data – Migrants and the national labour market ................................. - 61 - Migration overview in France .................................................................................................. - 61 - Migrants and labour market overview in France.................................................................... - 63 - General statistics about entrepreneurship ............................................................................. - 67 - Migrant entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial activities .......................................................... - 68 - Economical outcomes of migrant entrepreneurship .............................................................. - 70 - 2 Part B: Part B: Business climate ................................................................................... - 71 - Support services for entrepreneurs or business incubators .................................................. - 72 - Financial support services for new entrepreneurs and start-ups .......................................... - 75 - Part C: Preconditions for business establishment for migrants ..................................... - 79 - Legal conditions for business establishment in general ......................................................... - 79 - Legal conditions regarding special business areas.................................................................. - 80 - Financial preconditions ............................................................................................................ - 80 - Part D: Case studies .................................................................................................... - 82 - Part E: Findings of focus group discussions .................................................................. - 89 - GERMANY .............................................................................................................. - 93 - Part A: General data – Migrants and the national labour market ................................. - 93 - Part B: Business climate .............................................................................................. - 99 - Part C: Preconditions for business establishments for migrants ..................................- 101 - The residence status .............................................................................................................. - 101 - The profession ........................................................................................................................ - 101 - Permissions and registrations ............................................................................................... - 102 - Summary ...................................................................................................................- 102 - Part D: Case studies ...................................................................................................- 104 - Part E: Findings of focus group discussions .................................................................- 107 - ITALY .....................................................................................................................- 111 - Part A: General data – Migrants and the national labour market in Sicily ....................- 111 - Residents per nationality and gender ................................................................................... - 111 - Employment ........................................................................................................................... - 119 - Entrepreneurship ................................................................................................................... - 121 - Part B: Business climate .............................................................................................- 127 - Existing businesses of migrants in the area and existing local competition ........................ - 127 - Support services for new entrepreneurs and start-ups ........................................................ - 129 - Additional measures to support the Italian innovation ecosystem ..................................... - 133 - Italy Start up Visa ................................................................................................................... - 136 - Support services particularly addressed to women and/or migrants ................................. - 137 - Part C: Preconditions for business establishment for migrants ....................................- 138 - Part D: Case studies ...................................................................................................- 140 - Part E: Findings of focus group discussions .................................................................- 147 - SWEDEN ................................................................................................................-