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Dissertation.Pdf ✂✄☎ ✆☎✝✄☎✞✟✠✡☎✠ ✝☛✄☞✌✞☎✠ ✍☎✎ ✆✟✠✍☎☞✎☎✏✟✑✒✄✓ ✂☎✟✔☞✌✞✒✕✠✍ ✟✠✍ ✖✗✎✔✟✡✕✒ ✄✘ ✙☎✄✔✕✒✔☎✎ ✍☎✎ ✂☎✓✗✒✗✠✄☞✕✔✄✗✠ ✚✛✜✢✣ ✤ ✛✜✥✦✧ ✂✄☞☞☎✎✔✕✔✄✗✠ ✝✟✎ ★✎✒✕✠✡✟✠✡ ✍☎✎ ✩✪✎✍☎ ✍☎☞ ✂✗✓✔✗✎☞ ✍☎✎ ✖✞✄✒✗☞✗✏✞✄☎ ✍☎☞ ✫✕✌✞✑☎✎☎✄✌✞☞ ✬☎☞✌✞✄✌✞✔☎ ✍☎✎ ✭✠✄✮☎✎☞✄✔✯✔ ✰✕✘✑✟✎✡ ✮✗✎✡☎✒☎✡✔ ✮✗✠ ✆✕☞✔✄✕✠ ✰✕✒✒✑✕✟☎✎ ✱✟☞ ✰✕✘✑✟✎✡ ✰✕✘✑✟✎✡ ✲✣✛✳ ✰✕✟✏✔✡✟✔✕✌✞✔☎✎✴ ✖✎✗✵✶ ✂✎✶ ✭✒✎✄✌✞ ✷✪✌✓☎ ✸☎✑☎✠✡✟✔✕✌✞✔☎✎✴ ✖✎✗✵✶ ✂✎✶ ✹✪✎✡☎✠ ✙✄✘✘☎✎☎✎ ✂✕✔✟✘ ✍☎✎ ✂✄☞✏✟✔✕✔✄✗✠✴ ✛✲✶✛✲✶✲✣✛✲ ✂✕✠✓☞✕✡✟✠✡ ✱✒☞ ✄✌✞ ✄✘ ✺☎✏✔☎✘✑☎✎ ✲✣✣✥ ✘✄✔ ✘☎✄✠☎✠ ✻☎✌✞☎✎✌✞☎✠ ✄✠ ✖✗✎✔✟✡✕✒ ✑☎✡✕✠✠✼ ✞✕✔✔☎ ✄✌✞ ☛☎✍☎✎ ☎✄✠☎ ✽✗✎☞✔☎✒✒✟✠✡✼ ✑☎✄ ☛☎✘ ✄✌✞ ✍✄☎ ✞✄☎✎ ✮✗✎✒✄☎✡☎✠✍☎ ✂✗✓✔✗✎✕✎✑☎✄✔ ☞✌✞✎☎✄✑☎✠ ☞✗✒✒✼ ✠✗✌✞ ☛✄☎ ☞✄☎ ☞✏✯✔☎✎ ✘✕✒ ✕✟☞☞☎✞☎✠ ☛✪✎✍☎✶ ✱✒✒☎☞✼ ☛✕☞ ✄✌✞ ✍✕✘✕✒☞ ✞✕✔✔☎✼ ☛✕✎ ☎✄✠☎ ✾✍☎☎ ✄✘ ✿✗✏✵ ✟✠✍ ✍✄☎ ❀✟☞✔ ✕✟✵ ✠☎✟☎ ★✎✵✕✞✎✟✠✡☎✠ ✄✠ ☎✄✠☎✘ ✘✄✎ ✵✎☎✘✍☎✠ ❀✕✠✍✶ ✂✕☞ ✄☞✔ ✒☎✔✝✔✒✄✌✞ ✕✟✌✞ ✍✕☞✼ ☛✕☞ ✍✄☎☞☎ ✱✎✑☎✄✔ ✕✟☞✝☎✄✌✞✠☎✔✼ ☎✄✠ ✫✗✎☞✌✞☎✎✍✎✕✠✡✼ ☎✄✠ ✟✠✑☎✍✄✠✡✔☎✎ ✩✄✒✒☎ ✕✟✌✞ ✑☎✄ ☞✔✯✎✓☞✔☎✘ ✬☎✡☎✠☛✄✠✍ ✍✕☞ ✖✎✗❁☎✓✔ ✝✟ ☞✔✕✎✔☎✠ ✟✠✍ ✝✟ ★✠✍☎ ✝✟ ✑✎✄✠✡☎✠ ✘✄✔ ✍☎✘ ✩✄☞☞☎✠✼ ✔✕✔☞✯✌✞✒✄✌✞ ☎✔☛✕☞ ✸☎✟☎☞ ✑✄☞✞☎✎ ☎✑☎✠ ✠✗✌✞ ✠✄✌✞✔ ✕✒✒✡☎✘☎✄✠ ✆☎✓✕✠✠✔☎☞ ✝✟✔✕✡☎ ✡☎✵❂✎✍☎✎✔ ✝✟ ✞✕✑☎✠✶ ✂✕✑☎✄ ✞✕✑☎✠ ✘✄✎ ✟✠✝✯✞✒✄✡☎ ✷☎✠☞✌✞☎✠ ✡☎✞✗✒✵☎✠✼ ✕✠ ✍✄☎ ✄✌✞ ✞✄☎✎ ✘☎✄✠☎✠ ✂✕✠✓ ✎✄✌✞✔☎✠ ✘❂✌✞✔☎✶ ✙✟☎✎☞✔ ✘❂✌✞✔☎ ✄✌✞ ✘☎✄✠☎✘ ✷☎✠✔✗✎ ✟✠✍ ✂✗✓✔✗✎✮✕✔☎✎✼ ✰☎✎✎✠ ✖✎✗✵✶ ✂✎✶ ✭✒✎✄✌✞ ✷✪✌✓☎ ✍✕✠✓☎✠✼ ✗✞✠☎ ✍☎☞☞☎✠ ✱✟✵✘✟✠✔☎✎✟✠✡ ✟✠✍ ✫✪✎☞✏✎✕✌✞☎ ✄✌✞ ✍☎✠ ☞✔☎✄✠✄✡☎✠ ✩☎✡✼ ☎✄✠☎ ☞✗✒✌✞☎ ✂✗✓✔✗✎✕✎✑☎✄✔ ✠☎✑☎✠ ✍☎✘ ✆☎✎✟✵ ✝✟ ☞✌✞✎☎✄✑☎✠✼ ✠✄✌✞✔ ✕✟✵ ✘✄✌✞ ✡☎✠✗✘✘☎✠ ✞✯✔✔☎✶ ★✎ ☛✕✎ ☎☞✼ ✍☎✎ ✘✄✌✞ ✄✠ ☞☎✄✠☎✠ ❃✑☎✎☞☎✘✄✠✕✎☎✠ ✄✘✘☎✎ ✟✠✍ ✄✘✘☎✎ ☛✄☎✍☎✎ ✘☎✄✠☎ ✱✎✑☎✄✔ ✞✕✔ ✮✗✎☞✔☎✒✒☎✠ ✒✕☞☞☎✠ ✟✠✍ ✍☎✎ ✘✄✎ ✪✑☎✎✞✕✟✏✔ ✍✄☎ ❄✞✕✠✌☎ ✡☎✡☎✑☎✠ ✞✕✔✼ ✍✕☞ ✖✎✗❁☎✓✔ ☞✗ ✝✟ ✮☎✎✵✗✒✡☎✠✼ ☛✄☎ ✄✌✞ ☎☞ ✡☎✔✕✠ ✞✕✑☎✶ ❃✞✠☎ ☞☎✄✠☎ ✆☎✘✪✞✟✠✡☎✠ ✡✯✑☎ ☎☞ ✍✄☎☞☎ ✱✎✑☎✄✔ ✠✄✌✞✔✶ ✬✒☎✄✌✞ ✍✕✠✕✌✞ ✘❂✌✞✔☎ ✄✌✞ ✕✟✌✞ ✘☎✄✠☎✘ ✙☛☎✄✔✑☎✔✎☎✟☎✎✼ ✰☎✎✎✠ ✖✎✗✵✶ ✂✎✶ ✹✪✎✡☎✠ ✙✄✘✘☎✎☎✎ ✍✕✠✓☎✠✼ ✍☎✎ ☞✄✌✞ ✔✎✗✔✝ ✍☎☞ ✑☎✎☎✄✔☞ ☞☎✞✎ ☛☎✄✔ ✵✗✎✔✡☎☞✌✞✎✄✔✔☎✠☎✠ ✺✔✕✍✄✟✘☞ ✍☎✎ ✱✎✑☎✄✔ ✍✕✝✟ ✑☎✎☎✄✔ ☎✎✓✒✯✎✔ ✞✕✔✼ ✍✄☎☞☎ ✝✟ ✑☎☛☎✎✔☎✠✶ ✬☎✠✕✟☞✗ ☛✄☎ ✰☎✎✎✠ ✖✎✗✵✶ ✂✎✶ ✷✪✌✓☎ ✮☎✎✍✕✠✓☎ ✄✌✞ ✄✞✘ ☛☎✎✔✮✗✒✒☎ ❅✄✏✏☞ ✟✠✍ ✱✠✎☎✡✟✠✡☎✠✼ ✍✄☎ ☞✄✌✞ ✄✠ ✍☎✎ ✱✎✑☎✄✔ ☛✄☎✍☎✎✵✄✠✍☎✠✶ ✾✠ ✖✗✎✔✟✡✕✒ ✘❂✌✞✔☎ ✄✌✞ ✂✎✶ ✱✠✕ ✷✗✠✄✌✕ ✫✗✠☞☎✌✕ ✟✠✍ ✂✎✶ ✹✗❆✗ ✷✗✎☎✄✎✕ ❅✕✮✕✎☎☞ ✍✕✠✓☎✠✼ ✍✄☎ ✘✄✎ ✑☎✄ ✍☎✎ ✱✎✌✞✄✮✕✎✑☎✄✔ ✄✠ ✖✗✎✔✟✡✕✒ ✡☎✞✗✒✵☎✠ ✟✠✍ ✍✄✌✞ ✘✄✌✞ ✘✄✔ ✄✞✎☎✠ ✱✎✑☎✄✔☎✠ ✕✟✌✞ ✑☎☎✄✠✵✒✟☞☞✔ ✞✕✑☎✠✶ ✂☎✠ ✱✟☞✔✕✟☞✌✞ ✘✄✔ ✑☎✄✍☎✠ ✞✕✑☎ ✄✌✞ ☞☎✞✎ ✡☎✠✗☞☞☎✠✼ ✮✗✎ ✕✒✒☎✘ ✘✄✔ ✂✎✶ ❅✕✮✕✎☎☞✼ ✍☎✎ ✝✟✡✒☎✄✌✞ ❀☎✄✔☎✎ ✍☎☞ ✷✄✒✄✔✯✎✕✎✌✞✄✮☞ ✄✠ ❀✄☞☞✕✑✗✠ ✄☞✔ ✟✠✍ ✘✄✎ ☞☎✞✎ ✑☎✄ ✍☎✎ ✻☎✌✞☎✎✌✞☎ ✠✕✌✞ ✷✕✔☎✎✄✕✒ ✝✟ ✍☎✠ ✘✄✒✄✔✯✎✄☞✌✞☎✠ ✱☞✏☎✓✔☎✠ ✍☎✎ ✍☎✟✔☞✌✞❇✏✗✎✔✟✡✄☎☞✄☞✌✞☎✠ ✆☎✝✄☎✞✟✠✡☎✠ ✡☎✞✗✒✵☎✠ ✞✕✔✶ ✆☎☞✗✠✍☎✎☞ ✄✠ ✍☎✠ ✱✎✌✞✄✮☎✠ ✟✠✍ ✆✄✑✒✄✗✔✞☎✓☎✠ ✑✄✠ ✄✌✞ ✄✘✘☎✎ ☛✄☎✍☎✎ ✕✟✵ ✞✄✒✵☞✑☎✎☎✄✔☎ ✱✠✡☎☞✔☎✒✒✔☎ ✟✠✍ ✰✄☞✔✗✎✄✓☎✎✓✗✒✒☎✡☎✠ ✟✠✍ ❇ ✿✗✒✒☎✡✄✠✠☎✠ ✡☎☞✔✗❈☎✠✼ ✍✄☎ ✘✄✎ ✕✟✌✞ ✷✕✔☎✎✄✕✒ ✝✟✡✯✠✡✒✄✌✞ ✘✕✌✞✔☎✠✼ ✍✕☞☞ ✄✌✞ ✗✞✠☎ ✄✞✎☎ ✰✄✒✵☎ ☞✄✌✞☎✎✒✄✌✞ ✠✄✌✞✔ ✞✯✔✔☎ ☎✎✵✗✎☞✌✞☎✠ ✓❂✠✠☎✠✶ ✂✕✝✟ ✝✯✞✒☎✠ ✂✎✶ ✾☞✕✑☎✒ ❄✗✟✔✄✠✞✗✼ ✾✒✍✕ ✖✄✠✔✗✼ ✱✒✑☎✎✔✄✠✕ ✻✗✍✎✄✡✟☎☞✼ ✸✕✝✕✎☎ ❃✒✄✮☎✄✎✕✼ ✷✕✎✄✕ ✍✕ ❄✗✠✌☎✄❉❆✗ ❀✄✠✗ ✍☎ ✱✒✘☎✄✍✕ ✟✠✍ ✮✄☎✒☎ ✕✠✍☎✎☎✼ ✍✄☎ ✄✌✞ ✞✄☎✎ ✮☎✎✡☎☞☞☎✠ ✞✕✑☎✶ ✩☎✄✔☎✎☎✠ ✫✗✎☞✌✞☎✎✓✗✒✒☎✡☎✠ ✘❂✌✞✔☎ ✄✌✞ ✵✪✎ ✍☎✠ ✝☎✄✔☛☎✄☞☎✠ ✱✟☞✔✕✟☞✌✞ ✍✕✠✓☎✠✼ ✍✕✝✟ ✝✯✞✒☎✠ ❄✕✠✍✄✌☎ ✺✗✑☎✎☞✼ ✫✎✕✠✌☎☞✌✕ ✙✄✒✄✗✼ ✫❊✔✄✘✕ ✻✗✍✎✄✡✟☎☞✼ ✷✕❋✄✘✄✒✄✕✠ ✬✎✕✵✼ ✱✠✔✗✠✄✗ ✷✟✠✗✝ ✺✕✠✌✞☎✝✼ ✻✗✑✄✠ ✿✄☎✎✕✼ ❄✞✎✄☞✔✕ ✩☎✔✝☎✒✼ ✫☎✒✄❋ ✖✎✄✔☞✌✞✗☛ ✟✠✍ ✂✎✶ ✹✕✠ ✺✌✞✒✪✎✘✕✠✠✶ ✆☎☞✗✠✍☎✎☎✎ ✂✕✠✓ ✡✄✒✔ ✍✕✎✪✑☎✎ ✞✄✠✕✟☞ ❅✗✎✑☎✠ ✬✪✞✒☞✔✗✎✵✵✼ ✍☎✎ ✘✄✌✞ ✮✗✠ ✱✠✵✕✠✡ ✕✠ ✑✄☞ ✝✟✘ ✺✌✞✒✟☞☞ ✘✄✔ ✻✕✔ ✟✠✍ ❅✕✔ ✑☎✡✒☎✄✔☎✔ ✞✕✔✶ ✙✟✒☎✔✝✔ ✘❂✌✞✔☎ ✄✌✞ ✘☎✄✠☎✠ ★✒✔☎✎✠ ✰✗✒✡☎✎ ✟✠✍ ✾✎✘✡✕✎✍ ✍✕✠✓☎✠✼ ✍☎✎☎✠ ✵✄✠✕✠✝✄☎✒✒☎ ✭✠✔☎✎☞✔✪✔✝✟✠✡ ✘✄✎ ✝✟✠✯✌✞☞✔ ✘☎✄✠☎ ✻☎✄☞☎✠ ✠✕✌✞ ✖✗✎✔✟✡✕✒ ☎✎✘❂✡✒✄✌✞✔☎✠ ✟✠✍ ✍☎✎☎✠ ✘✗✎✕✒✄☞✌✞☎ ✭✠✔☎✎☞✔✪✔✝✟✠✡ ✘✄✎ ☛✯✞✎☎✠✍ ✍☎✎ ✡☎☞✕✘✔☎✠ ✆☎✕✎✑☎✄✔✟✠✡☞✝☎✄✔ ☞☎✞✎ ✡☎✞✗✒✵☎✠ ✞✕✔✶ ✸✟✎ ✍✟✎✌✞ ☞✄☎ ☛✕✎ ☎☞ ✘✄✎ ✘❂✡✒✄✌✞✼ ✠☎✑☎✠ ✘☎✄✠☎✎ ✑☎✎✟✵✒✄✌✞☎✠ ❅✯✔✄✡✓☎✄✔ ✍✄☎ ✱✎✑☎✄✔ ✕✑✝✟☞✌✞✒✄☎❈☎✠ ✟✠✍ ✝✟ ☎✄✠☎✘ ☎✎✵✗✒✡✎☎✄✌✞☎✠ ★✠✍☎ ✝✟ ✑✎✄✠✡☎✠✶ ❃✞✠☎ ☞✄☎✼ ✡✯✑☎ ☎☞ ✍✄☎☞☎ ✱✎✑☎✄✔ ✠✄✌✞✔✶ ✬✕✠✝ ✑☎☞✗✠✍☎✎☎✠ ✂✕✠✓ ✘❂✌✞✔☎ ✄✌✞ ✝✟✒☎✔✝✔ ✕✠ ✘☎✄✠☎ ✽☎✎✒✗✑✔☎ ✺✕✎✕✞ ✆☎✟✔✒☎✎ ✎✄✌✞✔☎✠✼ ✍✄☎ ✘✄✔ ✡✎✗❈☎✎ ✬☎✍✟✒✍ ✟✠✍ ✡✎❂❈✔☎✘ ✽☎✎☞✔✯✠✍✠✄☞ ✘✄✎ ☞✔☎✔☞ ✝✟✎ ✺☎✄✔☎ ☞✔✕✠✍ ✟✠✍ ✘☎✄✠☎ ✙☛☎✄✵☎✒ ✝☎✎☞✔✎☎✟✔☎✶ ✽✗✎ ✕✒✒☎✘ ✍✕✠✓ ✄✞✎✼ ✡✄✑✔ ☎☞ ✍✄☎☞☎ ✱✎✑☎✄✔✶ 1 Einleitung ..................................................................................................................................................... 5 Fragestellung und Zielsetzung ..................................................................................................................... 7 Analyse der wichtigsten Akteure ................................................................................................................11 Forschungsstand .........................................................................................................................................12 Quellen und Quellenkritik ..........................................................................................................................22 Gliederung ..................................................................................................................................................26 1 Die politischen Beziehungen zu Portugal in Europa................................................................................34 1.1 Zweiter Weltkrieg und Intervallzeit ..................................................................... 34 1.1.1 Wiederaufnahme der diplomatischen Beziehungen ...................................... 38 1.1.2 Wiederaufnahme der Wirtschafts- und Handelsbeziehungen ....................... 49 1.2 Die sechziger Jahre bis zum Ende Salazars .......................................................... 63 1.2.1 Das Ende des Weltreiches ............................................................................. 64 1.2.2 Wirtschaftliche Beziehungen im Zeichen des Kolonialkrieges ..................... 73 1.3 Von Salazar zu Marcello Caetano ........................................................................ 76 1.3.1 Der Besuch Kiesingers 1968 ......................................................................... 78 1.3.2 Deutsche Wirtschaft und portugiesischer Liberalismus ................................ 80 1.3.3 Die SPD und die portugiesische Opposition ................................................. 81 1.3.4 Die Nelkenrevolution und die Folgen ........................................................... 86 1.4 Zusammenfassung ................................................................................................ 91 2 Militärische Beziehungen zwischen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und Portugal ..............................94 2.1 Anfänge der militärischen Beziehungen............................................................... 95 2.1.1 Militärische Zusammenarbeit während des Zweiten Weltkrieges ................ 95 2.1.2 Strategische Rolle Portugals innerhalb der NATO........................................ 97 2.2 Erneuerung der portugiesischen Militärindustrie und die deutsche Ausrüstungshilfe ......................................................................................................... 99 2.2.1 Munitionsaufträge und Aufbau der portugiesischen Militärindustrie ......... 101 2.2.2 Produktion des G3-Gewehres ...................................................................... 108 2.2.3 Güteprüfstelle der Bundeswehr in Lissabon ................................................ 111 2.3 Der Luftwaffenstützpunkt Beja .......................................................................... 112 2.3.1 Militärstrategie und Hintergründe ............................................................... 113 2.3.2 Verträge und Abkommen mit Portugal ....................................................... 119 2.3.3 Baustopp und Neuorientierung .................................................................... 131 2.4 Weitere Anlagen und Basen der Bundeswehr in Portugal ................................. 138 2.4.1 Das Projekt „Tourist“ .................................................................................. 139 2.4.2 Das Depot von Castelões ............................................................................. 140 2.4.3 Die ZDVP (SCLAP) .................................................................................... 141 2.4.4 Das Projekt „Triton“ .................................................................................... 144 2.4.5 Das Lazarett- und Krankenhausnetz ............................................................ 147 2.4.6 Das Fernmeldezentrum bei Evora ............................................................... 149 2.5 Die portugiesische Armee und die deutsche Militärhilfe ................................... 149 2.5.1 „Mutual Security Act“ und Marshallhilfe ................................................... 150 2.5.2 Die Endverbleibsklausel .............................................................................. 153 2.5.3 NATO-Hilfe für die portugiesische Marine ................................................ 164 2.5.4 NATO-Hilfe für die portugiesische Luftwaffe ............................................ 173 2.5.5 NATO-Hilfe für das portugiesische Heer .................................................... 199 2.5.4 Besuche und Offizierslehrgänge .................................................................. 213 2.5.5 Portugiesische Verwundete in Hamburg ..................................................... 214 2.6 Zusammenfassung .............................................................................................. 215 3 Deutsch-Portugiesische Beziehungen in Afrika.....................................................................................219 3.1 Grundlagen der deutschen Afrikapolitik ............................................................ 219 3.1.1 Hallsteindoktrin und Afrikapolitik .............................................................. 221 3.1.2 Die westdeutsche Afrikakonferenz von Addis Abeba ................................. 226 3.1.3 Aufbau der
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