Qhe SHIPS and AIRCRAFT

Home , Belt armor, Main battery, Type C1 ship, USS Arkansas (BB-33), USS Arkansas (CGN-41), USS Atlanta (CL-51)

qhe SHIPS AND AIRCRAFT

OF THE UNITED STATES FLEET

BY JAMES C. FAHEY Associate, United Sta tes Nava l In sti tute

WAR EDITION

Price One Dollar U ~I 1VE R S T t OF ~<. · ·_"": o

' ' . I : MAY 8 1956 Lltl, r\tNEW YORK CITY

MUrray Hill 3-9182 .

Co pyright, 1942 , by James C . Fahey Contents

UNITED STATES NAVAL VESSELS Type (Symbol) Page BATTLESHIPS (BB) ...... , 4 AIRCRAFT CARRIERS (CV) . . • ...... • ...... 8 LARGE CRUISERS (CB) ...... •...• ...... , ...... 10 HEAVY CRUISERS (CA) ...... • ...... • ...... • ...... 10 LIGHT CRUISERS (CL) ...... 13 DESTROYERS (DD) ...... • . .. , ...•... , ... •... , ...•... , . . . . . 16 SUBMARINES (SS) ...... • ...... • ...... 22 SUBMARINE MINELA YER (SM) ...... • . . . • ...... • ...... 24 MINECRAFT ... . MINELAYERS (CM) ...... •...... •...... 26 MINECRAFT .... COASTAL MINELAYERS (CMc) ...... 26 MINECRAFT ..•. LIGHT MINELAYERS (DM) ...... • ...... •...•...... 26 MINECRAFT . ... FAST MINESWEEPERS (DMS) ...... 26 MINECRAFT .... MINESWEEPERS-Steel Hulled (AM) ...... 27 MINECRAFT .... COASTAL MINESWEEPERS-Wooden Hulled (AMc) ...... • . . 28 MINECRAFT .... MOTOR MINESWEEPERS-Wooden Hulled (YMS) ...... • ...... 28 MINECRAFT .... HARBOR (BASE) MINESWEEPERS-Wooden Hulled (A Mb)...... 28 PATROL CRAFT .. . . GUNBOATS (PG) ...... 29 PATROL CRAFT .... RIVER GUNBOATS (PR) ...... 29 PATROL CRAFT .... CONVERTED YACHTS (PY) ...... 30 PATROL CRAFT .. .. COASTAL YACHTS (PYc) ...... •...... 30 PATROL CRAFT ... . SUBMARINE CHASERS-Steel Hulled (PC) ...... 30 PATROL CRAFT .... SUBMARINE CHASERS-Wooden Hulled (PC) ...... • ...... 30 PATROL CRAFT . ... EAGLE BOATS (PE) ...... 30 PATROL CRAFT .... MOTOR TORPEDO BOATS (PT) ...... 31 PATROL CRAFT .... MOTOR BOAT SUBMARINE CHASERS (FTC) ...... •...•...•...•. .. 31

UNITED STATES NAVAL VESSELS Type (Symbol) Page BATTLE SHIPS (BB) ...... • 4 AIRCRAFT CARRIERS ( CV) ...... • ...... • ...... 8 LARGE CRUISE RS ( CB) ...... • . . . • . . . • ...... • . . . • ...... • ...... 10 HEAVY CRUISE RS ( CA) ...... • ...... • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . 10 LIGHT CRUISERS ( CL) ...... • . . . • ...... • ...... 13 DESTRO YERS ( DD) ...... • ...... • ...... • ...... 16 SUBMARINES ( SS) ...... 22 SUBMARINE MINE LA YER (SM) ...... • ...... 24 MINECRAFT . .. . MINELAYERS ( CM) ...... •.. . • . . .• .. .•...... 26 MINECRAFT . . .. COASTAL MINELAYER S ( CMc) ...... 26 MINECRAFT . ... LIGHT MINELAYERS ( DM ) ...... •...... 26 MINECRAFT . . .. FAST MINESWEEPERS ( DMS) ...... 26 MINE CRAFT . . . . MINESWEEPERS- Steel Hulled (AM) ...... • ...... • ...... 27 MINECRAFT .. .. COASTAL MINESWEE PERS-Wooden Hulled (AMc) ...... 28 MINECRAFT . . .. MOTOR MINE SWEEPE RS- W ooden Hulled ( YMS) ...... • . . . . 28 MINECRAFT .... HARBOR (BASE) MINESWEEPE RS-Wooden Hulled (AMb )...... 28 PATROL CRAFT ... . GUNBOATS ( PG) ...... 29 PATROL CRAFT . .. . RIVER GUNBO ATS (PR) ...... • ...... 29 PATRO L CRAFT .. .. CONVERTED YACHTS ( PY) ...... 30 PATRO L CRAFT ... . COASTAL YACHTS ( PYc) ...... 30 PATROL CRAFT . . .. SUBMARINE CHASERS-Steel Hulled ( PC) ...... • ...... •. ..•.. 30 PATRO L CRAFT .. . . SUBMARINE CHASERS-Wooden Hulled (PC) ...... 30 PATROL CRAFT ... . EAGLE BOATS ( PE) ...... • . . 30 PATRO L CRAFT .. . . MOTO R T O RPEDO BOATS ( PT)...... 31 P ATRO L CRAFT .. . . M OTOR BOAT SUBMARINE CHASERS ( PTC) ...... 31

UNITED STATES NAVAL AIRCRAFT DESIGNATI O NS .... NOMENCLATURE . . .. TYPE SYMBOLS .. . . MANUF ACTURERS 32 U .S.S. SALT LAKE CITY O fficial U. S. Navy Photograph DATA TABLE- HEAVIER-THAN-AIR COMBAT ANT TYPES ...... • . . 33 Our oldest H eavy Cruiser, operating with a t ask fo rce in the P acifi c, bombarding Japanese-held W ake I sland FIGHTING TYPES (VF) ...... 34 on February 24, 1942. Her after main battery turrets are in action while anti-aircraft crews stand by. SCO UT-BOMBING TYPES (VSB) ...... • . . • ...... 36 A biplane VSO is poised on her starboard catapult. Through 1940-1941 m any of the olde1 Battleships, T O RPEDO-BOMBING TYPES (VTB) ...... • ...... • ...... • . . . 38 Carriers and Cruisers were overhauled and rearmed. A nti-aircraft batteries were strengthened, protection B O MBING TYPE S (VB) ...... • ...... • ...... 38 increased. Note the SALT LAKE CITY's splinter screens and her newly installed pole mainmast. SCO UT-OBSERVATION TYPES (VSO-VOS) ...... 39 PAT R O L -B O MBING TYPES (VPB) ...... • . . . • ...... • ...... 40 ~ DATA TABLE-UTILITY TYPES (VJR-VJ-VR-VG) ...... • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . 42 TRAINING TYPES (VN-VSN) ...... • ...... • . . . 44 LIGHTER-THAN-AIR . . . . N O N-RIGID PATROL AIRSHIPS (Z NP) ...... 45 CJoreword LIGHTER-THAN-AIR .. .. NON-RIGID TRAINING AIRSHIPS (ZNN) ...... 45 FLEET AUXILIARIES HIS edition of SHIPS AND AIRCRAFT is necessarily incomplete. Information not readily available to the enemy has been excluded. All data beyond that included in the AIRCRAFT ESCO RT VESSELS (A VG) ...... 46 SEAPLANE TENDE RS-Large (AV) ...... • ...... • . . . • . . . • ...... • . . . • . . . 46 T1941 "Two-Ocean Fleet" edition is b ased on . offi cially released government documents SEAPLANE TENDERS-Small (AVP) ...... • ...... 46 and matter appearing in the public prints, largely from Congressional H earings and R eports, SEAPLANE TENDE RS-Ex-Destroyers (AVD) . .. . • ...... •...... 46 and from Navy Department, Coast Guard and Maritime Commission Press R eleases and AIRPLANE TRANSPORTS (APV) ...... • . . . • . . . • ...... 46 R eports. The entire co ntents were submitted to the naval authorities before publication. REPAIR SHIPS (AR) ...... • ...... • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . . 46 DESTROYER TENDERS (AD) ...... • ...... 46 The standard naval nomenclature is u sed through out these pages. In addition to their SUBMARINE TENDE RS (AS) ...... • . . . •.. .•...... , ...... 48 SUBMARINE R E SCUE VESSELS (ASR) . . . . • ...... • ...... • ...... 48 type symbols each vessel and all aircraft on the Navy List have distinctive serial numbers. OILERS (AO ) ...... • . . . • . . . • ...... • ...... • ...... 48 Throu gh the ship p ages fi gures of strength are as of December 1, 1941. W ar l osses are in GASO LINE TANKERS (AOG) ...... • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . . . 48 dicated by crosses, including those ani;i ounced in Navy Communique No. 76, dated May 6, 1942. NET TENDERS-Large (AN) ...... • ...... • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . . 48 AMMUNITION SHIPS (A E) ...... • . . . • ...... • ...... • 48 STO RESHIPS (AF) ...... , . . . • ...... 4lj * CARGO-STORES ISSUE SHIPS (AK S) ...... • ...... • . . . • . . . • . . . . 52 CARGO SHIPS (AK) ...... • ...... • ...... 52 The author and editor offers his sincere thanks to the Officers attached to the Press and TRAN SPO RTS (AP) ...... • . . . • ...... • ...... 52 Photographic Secti ons of the Office of Public R elations, Navy Department, Washington, for BARRACK SHIP (APL) ...... • . . . • ...... • ...... • ...... • ...... 52 their m any courtesies ; and to the Editorial R esearch Secti on of the Bureau of Aeronautics H O SPITAL SHIPS (AH) ...... 52 fo r the cordial assistance rendered. To the Public R elations Officers of the Third, Eleventh, OCEAN-GOING TUGS (AT) ...... 54 MISCELLANEOUS FLEET AUXILIARIES (AG) ...... · · · · · · · · · .. . · . · 54 Twelfth and Thirteenth Naval Districts and at Coast Guard H eadquarters in Washington for UNCLASSIFIED VESSELS-Relics, Hulks and Obsolet e Tra ining Ships...... 54 the courtesies extended; and to the Press Secti on of the U . S. Maritime Commission in W ashing YARD AND DISTRICT CRAFT ...... • ...... ·•.. . • . .. .. 55 ton. Especial thanks are due the British Naval Attache, Washington, for information supplied. NET TENDE RS-Small ( YN) ...... • . . . • . . . . . 55 DESIGNATIO NS-YARD AND DISTRICT CRAF T ...... 55 To Mr. Francis E. McMurtrie, Editor of Jane's "Fighting Ships," our appreciation for u se of data from the " Bible" of the world's navies ; and to the Editor and staff of " Our Navy" THE UNITED STATES COAST GUARD for their several courtesies. To the aircraft m anufacturers and shipbuilders who placed U . S. COAST GUARD VESSELS ...... · . . · · · · .. . · . .. · 56 photographs at our disposal. To T ed Stone of Neptune Photos, n ow on active duty, and Jule U. S. COAST GUARD AIRCRAF T ...... •...... •. . . •...... •. . . • . . · . · 58 Cohn of Gem sco, Inc., for their co ntributions. And, fi nally, to the individuals who assisted, H enry Clark, Graydon W alker, W illiam Larkins, Gordon W illiams, Russell Ulrich, Robert SHI P INDEX 59 Lampee, Robert Tholen, Douglas Maguire, J ames Downey, Alfred Cole and J ack Blumenfield. Cover Design by Henry Clark J AMES c. F AHEY. 2 3 4 BATTLESHIPS (BB) BATTLESHIPS (BB) 5 SIX SHIPS: IOWA CLASS OF 1939-1940 Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commissioned IOWA ...... 61 New York Navy Yard July 1, 1939 June 27, 1940 1943 NEW JERSEY...... 62 Philadelphia Navy Yard July 1, 1939 Sept. 16, 1940 1943 MISSOUUI...... 63 New York Na;·y Yard June 12, 1940 Jan. 6, 1941 1944 WISCONSIN. . . .. 64 Philadelphia Navy Yard June 12, 1940 Jan. 25, 194 1 1944 ILLINOIS .... . 65 Philadelphia Navy Yard Sept. 9, 1940 • 1944 KENTUCKY. . . . 66 Norfolk Navy Yard Sept. 9, 1940 March 7, 194 2 1944 Fast Battleships. In size and speed comparable to the LEXINGTON Class Battle Cruiser s of 1920 They are reported to be Battle Cruiser versions of the NORTH CA ROLIN A design. with similar armament anMASSACHUSETTS .... 59 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Dec. 15, 1938 July 20, 1939 ALABAMA ...... 60 Sept. 23, 194 1 1942 Norfolk Navy Yard April 1, 1939 Feb. l, 1940 Feb. 16, 1942 1942 U.S.S. NORTH CAROLINA Official U. S. Navy Plzotograplz The first United States Battleship to complete in seveJ1teen years, at sea on gunn ery .and speed trials. One of her after turret rifles is at near-full elevation. She carries nine 16-inch gun 1n threes. and twe.nty dual-purpose 5-illch 38's in pa irs. I-Ier AA battery includes 1.1 s in quadruple mounts and 50-cahber ·maclune guns. On trial NORTH CAROLINA easil y attained her rated 27 knots. Through 1937-1939 Japan, Gre.at Britain and Russia started 16-inch gunned battleships of 40,000 or more tons, well beyond th ~ treaty ltm1l. Ships of the 35,000-ton 11 Treaty" size were begun in Italy, Fral'1ce, Bri~ain and Germany dun.ng 1~34-19,..3 6. The British vessels mount ten 14-inch guns, the French and German eight lS's, and the Italian nme 1.::> 1 s. Seventeen United States Battleships were in service on December l, 1941. !'i fteen we~e building or on order. Two 35,000-ton ships completed during the year. Two of the older battleships were disabled at Pearl Harbor on December 7th the ARIZONA 1 lost and the OKLAHOMA, now under salvage. Through 1940-1941 the U: S.S. SOUTH DAKOTA (As Launched) Official U. S. Navy Photograph fifteen older BB '~ were rearn1ed with 'modern AA's. In some ships S·inch 38's repla.ced older S·inch ~S's. of shorter and bea}nier than the bvo NORTH CAROLINAS. Hull lines differ, pro Multiple·mounted 1. ~ 's and SO·caliber AA mac?ine·gm1s were in sta ll~d . Addit}onal ~op· side arm or ~nd ~p lm.ter F1r~t fot~r 35,000·ton~ers, may protection were provided. Improved 20·mm (.B· mch) and 40·mm (1.6·mch) ~As are m mass product10~1. Dunng t ~c t1011 heavier .. Sam~ main battenes; seco!1danes vary. SouTH D AKOTA 'S uptakes trunk into one stream lmed funnel, faired mto. !i er tower and Undge structure, set off by a rak ish cap, located well forward of the peacetime the Battleships formed five Divisions. four normally .serving with t~1e Battle Force, Pacific Flee.t. Battleship Division Five served in the Atlantic. An Observation Squadron 1s attacl~ e d .to each 1:1attlesh1p N. C. second funnel position. The four S. D. 's will enter service through J 942; commissioning dates restricted. Division, formed by the Ships' Aviation Units. The latest available Battleship Orgamza!ton table is below. TWO SHIPS: NORTH CAROLINA CLASS OF 1937 Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched CommissioneJ AIRCRAFT-BATTLESHIP OBSERVATION SQUADRONS (VO) NORTH CAROLINA .. 55 New York NaYy Yard Aug. 1, 1937 Oet. 2i, 1937 June 13, 1940 Apr. 9, 1941 (Attach~d to Battleship Divisions bearing the same numbers) WASHINGTON ...... 56 Philadelphia Navy Yard Aug. 1, 1937 June 14, 1938 June 1, 1940 May 15,194 1 Sections OBSERVATION 1 I OBSERVATION 21 OBSERVATION 31 OBSERVATION 4 1 OBSERVATION 5 First (Flagships)... ARIZONA TENNESSEE IDAHO WEST VIRGINIA TEXAS Second...... NEVADA OKLAHOMA MISSISSIPPI COLORADO NEW YORK Third ...... PENNSYLVANIA CALIFORNIA NEW MEXICO MARYLAND ARKANSAS Note: PENNSYLVANIA, Flagship, Pacific Fleet; CALIFORNIA, Flagship, Battle Force, Pacific Fleet (A1>ril, 1941). BATTLESHIP DATA

Stand- Dimensions Machinery Armament (') Aircraft ard ------Men Ship Serial Ton- Length Beam Mean Horse- Rated Main Second- Anti-(' ) Ship Cata- Number nage Overall Draft power Speed ary Aircraft Unit pults ------Official U. S. Navy Photograph ~ Five Ships . . . . BB67- 71 ...... Outbound from Philadelphia for first trials, flying her call lett.ers "NIDC." La_rge range-finders now top her Six Ships ...... BB61-66 45,000 880' O" 108' O" 36' O" 200,000 30+ 9-l'l,"/ • 20- 5:'/ 38 . . . . To_w er and after Controls as 111.the NORTH CAROLINA. ~oth siste r~ have. VVest111gh ouse geared·turbines, f our Four Ships ..... BB57- 60 35,000 680'0"('} 108' 2" 28' u6" 115,200 27.0 . 3 2 10go s.c1ews. ~oth are fit.tcd as Flagships. Fo~e1gn sources credit them with 16-1nches of belt armor and decks total. WABRI NG TON (F) ..... 56 35,000 704'0:' (') 108'" 011 " " " . " " hng. lO·mche . ~' [1111~te compartmentation; all compartments air·conditioned. Gas-proof ve.ntilation. Each NORTH CAROLINA (F). 55 35,000 " " " " " . " " " carnes three Observation-Scouts, the standard Battleship Aviation Unit. They joined the F1eet during late 1941. WEST VIRGINIA (F) ... 48 31 ,800 624'" O" 97'" 6" 29'11" 27,JOO 21 .o 8 - 1~; ' / 45 1 2-~;'/51 s-s:;125 " " 1427 MARYLAND (F)...... 46 31 ,500 29' 8" " " THREE SHIPS: MARYLAND CLASS OF 1916 COLORADO ...... 45 32,500 " " 30' 6" " " " " " " " " CALIFORNIA (F). .44 32,600 30' 7" 28.500 12- 14;'/ 50 4 . 14~0 Ship No. Builder .... " " " " " Ordered Keel Laid Launched First Comm. TENNESSEE ...... 43 32,300 30' 4" 26,800 " 3 " COLORADO ...... 45 " " " " New York S. B. Co., Camden Jan. 17, 1917 May 29, 1919 Mar. 22, 1921 IDAHO (F) ...... 42 33,400 " 106' 3" 29' 6" 32.200 " " " 12-5~/25 " " 13~3 MARYLAND ...... 46 Newport News S. B. Co. Aug. 30, 1921 Dec. 15, 1916 Apr. 24, 1917 Mar. 20, 1920 July 21 , 1923 MISSISSIPPI ...... 41 33,000 " 29' 3" " " " " " WEST VIRGINIA ..... 48 Newport News S. B. Co. Dec. 15, 1916 NEW MEXICO (F) .. . .40 33,400 " " 29' 6" " " " " " " " " Apr. 12, 1920 Nov. 19, 1921 Dee. 1, 1923 'f.ARIZONA (F) ...... 39 32,600 608'" O" " 27' 7" 33.J76 " 12-14:'/ 45 " 8-5"(. 25 " " 13~8 ENNSYLVANIA (F) .... 38 33,100 28' 0" 4 " " " " " OKLAHOMA ...... 37 29,goo 583' O" 107'11" 27' u5" 25,300 20 .5 10- 14:' / 45 " " 3 " 1301 NEVADA ...... 36 " u 25,000 " " " .. " TEXAS (F) ...... 35 21,goo 573' O" 106' l" 26' 0" 28,JOO 21.0 " 16-5~/ 51 8-3~/ 50 " 1 1314 NEW YORK (F) ...... 34 " " " " " " " ARKANSAS (F) ...... 33 26,100 562' O" " " 30,000 20 .5 12- 12"/50 " " " " 1242 WYOMING ..... Ex-BB32 19,700 " 93' 1" 28' 3" 20,000 18 .0 6-12"/ 50 " " 0 0 400 (F); Flagship. •:No information. ('l: N umber-Size/ Cahber of guns. ('): Increased 1940-1941 ; detmls restricted. (3) Length on Water-lme.

FIVE SHIPS: MONTANA CLASS OF 1940 Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commissioned MONTANA ...... 67 Philadelphia Navy Yard Sept. 9, 1940 OHIO ...... 68 Philadelphia Navy Yard Sept. 9, 1940 MAINE ...... 69 New York Navy Yard Sept. 9, 1940 NEW HAMPSHIRE .. . 70 New York Navy Yard Sept. 9, 1940 LOUISIANA ...... 71 Norfolk Navy Yard Sept. 9, 1940 Official U. S . Navy Photograph One of three 16-inch gt~nned U. . Battleships that survived disa rmament. A fourth ship of the Class was ex Five Super-Battleships, probably the world's largest. P t ess teports have credited them with standard displace pended as a target dunng 1924, the W ASHINGTOJ'. ( 47). Six 43 ,200-ton INDIANA Class Battleships (BB49-54) ments ranging up to 58,000-tons, about 67,000 at. fu ll _l oad. No official data released. At full load the and four 43,500-ton LEXINGTON Class Battle Cruisers (CC2, 4-6) were broken up. unlaunched. The Japs re IOWA Class wi ll displace 52,000-tons. A low pnonty rat111 g was ass1gJl ed to the MONTANA Class dunng ~1ned two 16-mch gunned vessels, i\fuTsu and N,\GATO, scrapping four embryos. Britain built two equalizers 1941. No keel layings announced. They will be built in large graving docks and floated when ne;,rly complete. ELSON and RODNEY, The MARYLANDS practically duplicate the 14-inch gunned CALIFORNIAS of 1915: 6 BATTLESHIPS (BB) BATTLESHIPS (BB) 7 TWO SHIPS: CALIFORNIA CLASS OF 1915 TWO SHIPS: OKLAHOMA CLASS OF 1911 Ship No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched First Comm. No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched First Comm. New York Navy Yard Dec. 28, 1915 1'1ay 14, 1917 Apr. 30, 1919 June 3, 1920 v TENNESSEE ...... 43 ...... 36 Fore River S. B. Corp. Jan. 22, 1912 Nov. 4, 1912 July 11, 1914 44 Mare Island Navy Yard Dec. 28, 1915 Oct. 25, 1916 Nov. 20, 1919 Aug. 10, 1921 Mar. 11 , 1916 CALIFORNIA ...... 37 New York S. B. Co .. Camden Jan. 22 , 1912 Oc t. 26, 1912 Mar. 23, 1914 May 2, 1916

U.S.S. TENNESSEE CO'lwtesy Ted Stone (Neptune) At a.nchor. with three turrets trained to starboard. Two since replac-ed. SOC's are perched nn Turret Three. The CALIFORNIAS and MARYLANDS have long been known as the "Big Five." The TENNESSEE was partially modernized during 1940-1941. New main fire-control installed, splinter protection added. AA batte1·y Navy Photograph increased. No recent photos r eleased. The CALIFORNIAS are protected by 14-111ch belts. l8-1nch turret Compefitive siste1s. Turbines in NEVADA. triple-e0

U.S.S. NEW MEXICO Conrtesy T ed Stone U.S.S. NEW YO!U~ Official U. S. Na.vy Photograph As modernized 1930-1934. Modernization included new geared turbine machinery in. all three. N. M. orig Our first ~uper Dreadnaughts, si·milar to British Battleships of 1909-1 911 that mounted ten 13 .S's in five twin inally had turbo-electric drive. Protection increased , thicker decks and anti-torpedo bulges fitted. Ar.mar plates turrets. During 1917-1 918 the 14-inch gunned NE\V YORK and TEXAS served with the British Grand Fleet. from scrapped battleships were utilized where possible. Torpedo-tubes and cage masts removed, enhTe appear ']_'hey then had cage masts and two funnels,• Rebuilt 1925 -1927. Converted to oil fuel, one stack 1·emovecl, tri ance alte red. The NEW MEXICOS have formed Battleship Division Three since 193i. Each .carries a Se~ pods fitted. TEXAS now has V-shaped forehridge; mainmast platforms diffe r from NEW YORK's. Both have tion of Observation Squadrm1 Three. Thei r design introduced the 50-caliher 14-in:.h gun. During 1~41 tl~eir twin screws, reciprocating engines. Overhauled 1940-1941. RegunnecL E levation of main batteries increased AA batteries were strengthened, top-side protection increased. NEW MEXICO and IDAHO are Flagships. to 30-degrees. No r ecent pl10tographs released. In view above NEW YORK is carrying Vought 03U-l 's of 1931. ONE SHIP: PENNSYLVANIA CLASS OF 1912 TWO SHIPS: ARKANSAS CLASS OF 1909 Ship No. Ship No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched First Comm. Builde' Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commissioned Newport News S. B. Co. Feb. 28, 191 3 Oct. 27, 1913 Mar. I 6, 1915 June 12, 1916 .ll r 'f.J~.L Ex-BB 32 \Im. Cramp & Sofil Oct. 14, 1909 Feb. 9, 1910 May 25, 1911 Sept. 25, 1912 PENNSYLVANIA ... . . 38 .. ... New York S. B. Co., Camden >l<.\RIZON A ...... 39 New York Navy Yard June 24, 1913 Mar. 16, 1914 . June 19, 1915 Oct. 17, 191 6 ~ ...... 33 Sept. 25, 1909 Jan. 25, 1910 Jan. 14, 1911 Sept. 17, 1912

U.S.S. PENNSYLVANIA Courtesy Bear Pltoto Service, 330 Grove St., S.F. As F lagship of the United States Fleet, under San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge. She now h as a _sky-lookout U.S.S. ARKANSAS Conrtesy B eai· Photo Servi:ce, 330 Grove St., S.F. MG platform atop mainmast as in NEVADA (Top page 7) . Rebuilt 1928-1 931. Fitted with tripods; cage Last of eight 12-inch gunned U. S. D readnaughts. carrying twelve 12's in six twin turrets, all on the center masts removed; secondary battery raised one deck. Geared turbines. four screws. Th'" PENNSYLV A_NIA line. A sister, WYOMING, serves as an AA Tra111mg Ship. mounting six 12-inch-as ARKANSAS less was the first U. S. warship with all triple turrets and the world's largest when b egun in 1913. Her sister, Tun:ets Three, Four and Five. Both have geared turbines dnving four sc1ews. Rebuilt 1925-192 7. Converted long Flagship of Battle Division One. was destroyed hy Japanese aircraft bombs and .toq1edoe~ at Pearl I-Iar to 011-fuel, one stack, one cage-mast removed. Five older Dread .nau~hts were scrapped in 1924-1931: SouTH .bor. _Ot1e bomb clown the funnel exploded ARlZONA's boilc1·s ~.nd forward magazines, cnd1ng her career. <;:AROLJNA, M1cIIIGAN, DELAWARE, NORTH DAKOTA and FLoRmA. The UTAH (Ex-BB31) was lost at Pearl Harbor . 8 AIRCRAFT CARRIERS (CV) AIRCRAFT CARRIERS (CV) 9 ONE SHIP: WASP TYPE OF 1935 Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commissioned WA SP ...... 7 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Sept. 19, 1935 Apr. 1, 1936 Apr. 4, 1939 Apr. 25, 1940

"/... U.S.S. ENTEHPRlSE Official U. S. Navy Photograph Seven Aircraft Carriers were in service \Vhen we entered th e war. Eleyen were building. Two CV's were authorized on D ecember 17, 1941, and ordered immediately. No details announced. One merchantman was acquired and converted into an aircraft carry'ng Escort (A VG) during 1941 (See page 47). Other E scort Carriers are converting for Great Britain and ou rselves. Each regular Carrier has an attached Air Group comprising four Squadrons (See table below). Carri er Squadrons operate eightee.n combatant aircraft pl~1s utility and li aison planes. Ship's aircraft complements vary according to size of Flag and Utility Units Official U. S. Nav~• Photo attached. The Navy's 16.000·plane Program of 194 1 provided two complete Groups for each active CV, to Our s mallest Ca rrier, one-knot faster and thirty-feet shorter than RAN GER. Geared turbines drive twin alternate on sea duty, and 100 o/o spare aircraft for each operating Squadron, largely i..n reserve ashore. screws. She carries 84 ?ctive (_lircraft: Two Fighting and tw9 Scouting S.quadrons plus six Utility planes. Sy mbol : WASP. _Peacetime Tail Color : Black. ~ a pan ese Carrier s _are credited with 24 to 60 a ircraft. Eight AIRCRAFT SQUADRONS- CARRIER-BASED AIR GROUPS were supposedly in service during late 1941, six of moderate size and two 26.900-ton ex-Capital Ships. LEXINGTON SARATOGA RANGER Y ORKTOW N ENTlilHl'HISFJ WASP HonNET SHIP AIR GROUP Am GnouP Am Gn our• Am GnouP AIR GROUP Am GnouP AtR GROUP TWO SHIPS: YORKTOWN CLASS OF 1933 Fi gh ting Units . . . .. VF-2 VF-3 VF-41, VF-42 VF-5 VF-6 VF-71, VF-72 VF-8 Name No . Bu il der Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commlss ione~ Bo mbing Units ... . VB-2 VB-3 -None- VB-5 VB-6 -None- VB-8 YORKTOWN . . .. . 5 Newport News S. B. Co. Aug. 3, 1933 May 21, 1934 Apr. 4, 1936 Sept. 30, 1937 Sc outing Units .. ... VS-2 VS-3 VS-41, VS-42 VS-5 VS-6 VS-71, VS-72 VS-8 ENTERPRISE...... 6 Newport News S. B. Co . Aug. 3, 1933 July 16, 1934 Oct. 3, 1936 May 12, 1938 T orpedo Units .. VT-2 VT-3 -None- VT-5 VT-6 -None- VT-8 AIRCRAFT CARRIER DATA I Stand- Dimensions Miichi nery Armament Aircraft • ard ------I·- --- At- Crew Serial Ton- Length Mean Horse- Speed Anti- 1 tached Total Ship Number nage Overall Beam Draft power Speed Main Aircraft ------ESS.EX Class .. CV 9- 19 25,000 . . . • . . . so+ * HORNET ...... CV 8 20,000 809' 6" 81' 3" 21' 8" 120,000 34 .0 8-5"/38AA . 81 2072 WASP ...... 7 14,700 739' 0" 80' 9" 20' 0" 75,000 30 .0 . 84 1800 u ENT ERPI'.ISE ...... 6 19,900 809~ 6" 83~ 3" 2 L'"8" 129,000 34 .0 16-1}"/* 81 2072 U.S.S. YORKTOWN YORKTOWN ...... 5 19,900 34 . 0 u 85 u Courtesy Ted Stone RANGER ...... 4 14,500 769' 0" 80' 1" 19' 8" 53,500 29 .5 " " 8fi 1800 With her planes massed on ~eek. Three elevators transport them from the hangars below. She carries 85 SARATOGA ...... 3 33,000 888' 0" 105' 6" 24'" 2" 1so,ooo 33 . 9 8-8"

ORISKANY ...... 18 B2thlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Sept. 91 1940 • 1945 TICONDEROG.\ . . . . . 19 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Sept. 9, 1940 1945 T en of their n ames da te hack to 1775-18 15. KEARSARGE dates from 1861. Aircraft carriers are named for famous ships of the Old Navy or to commemorate Battles of the Revolut:on. The ESSEX-TICONDEROGA group may inc'. ucle two types. The four later vessels (16-19) will probably follow a 26,500-ton design prepared Ly liethlehen1 during Fiscal 1940. The seven Carriers building at Newport News are listed as 2 5,000-tonners. U .S.S. RANGER Co'ltrtesy Ted Stone Our fi1 st built-fo1-the·pui-pose Carrier with her six smoke ducts swung outboa rd. The LANGLEY (Ex-CV-I) ONE SHIP: HORNET TYPE OF 1938 h .. td s11111l a1 fo ld111g stacks on her port side. Geared turbines drive RANGER's twin screws. Her Air Group Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commissioned reorgamzed d~mng 1 ~10 . During 1941 Sectio.n s of VS-42 operated T orpedo pla nes from RANGER. As Flagship HORNET ...... ' 8 Newport News S. B. Co. Mar. 30, 1939 Sept. 25, 1939 Dec. 14 , 1940 Oct. 20, 1941 of Ca rner D1v1s1on lhree she earned 86 aircraft. Ident1ficat1on Symbol : RNGR. Old Tail Col01·: Green. TWO SHIPS: EX-BATTLE CRUISERS OF 1916-1922 Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commissioned LEXINGTON ...... 2 Fore River S. B. Co., Quincy Nov. 22, 1922* Jan. 8, 1921 Oct. 3, 1925 Dec. 14, 1927 SARATOGA ...... 3 New York S. B. Co., Camden Oct. 30, 1922* Sept. 28, 1920 Apr. 7, 1925 Nov. 16, 1927

U.S.S. HORNET Official U. S . Navy Photogra.ph LEXINGTON Courtesy Ted Stone As delivered. without armament; a modified YORKTOWN. H er Air Group duplicates those borne by our A souvenir of di sarm,a,ment. Fou~- 4.3,5.00-ton siste 1: s were s ~rapped by the Washi,11gton Treaty. The LEX· othe: large Ca0riers_. four Squadrons with Fightin!l". B omhing-, Scoutin'l' and T orpedoing as their primary m1ss10ns. Id e nt1fi~ a t10n Symbol, painted on each end of her fli ght deck: HNT. Tail Color for attached £:NGT9N and SARA I OGA reta111 their battle-cnuser mach111er y, the most powerful yet fitted in warships. aircraft: no.ne ass1g!1ed. Durin~ 1941 th e colorful peacetime markings were discarded. Since hostilities opened, ~c~1~tmg LAFAYETTE, now tmder s alv ~ge 1 th ey are the largest vessels on the R e~ 'ister. They form Carrier to standardize markings, the Navy has adopted the Army's tail colors: thirteen alternate -red and white stripes. Div1s1on One, Battle F orce. Symbols (Tail Colors) Aircraft assigned: LEX (Yell ow) 81; SARA (White) 83. •Reordered as Aircraft Carriers. Orig inal orders placed April 26 and May 5, 1917. 10 LARGE CRUISERS (CB)-HEAVY CRUISERS (CA) HEAVY CRUISERS (CA) 11 EIGHT SHIPS: BALTIMORE CLASS OF 1940 Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Commissioned BALTIMORE . 68 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy July 1, 1940 May 26, 1941 1043 BOSTON . . 69 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy July J, 1940 June 30, 1941 PITTSBURGH . . 70 Bethl ehem S. B. Co., Quincy July 1, 1940 Sept. 3, l94 l ST. PAUL. ... 71 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy July 1, 1940 Oct. J· 1941 ALBANY...... 72 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Sept. 9, 1040 ROCHESTER.. . 73 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Sept. 9, 1940 COLUMBUS. . . 74 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Sept. 9, 1940 DES MOINES. . 75 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Sept. 9, 1940 Our first post·trealy H eavies. reputedly enlargements o f the W1CI-llTA design. Six BALTTMORES wi ll carry nam es borne by older Crui sers, old familiars of the Great White Pl eet an:avy Yard Au~. 22, 1934 Oct. 28, 1935 Nov. 16, 1n7 Feh. 16, 1939

U.S.S. AUGUSTA (As Flagship, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, 1941) Official U. S. Navy Photograph

Eighteen eight-in ch gunned Heavy Cruisers were in service when hosti liti es opened. E :ght Heavy an 1l six Large Cruisers of the BALTTMORE and .A LASKA Classes were building. M ost of the older CA's were assigned to the Scouting Force. P acific Fleet, operating with long-range Submar:nes and Patrol Bombers as the Eyes of the F1eet. The H eavies form ed four of the then active Crui ser Divisions, four normally forming each Division . The latest available C1·uiser organizat'.on is given below (As of July 1, 1940 ; later data restricted). Cruiser ~couting Squadrons (VCS) are attached to each Cruiser Division, formed by the ships' Aviation Units. Heavy Cruiser s and the 10,000·ton BROOKLYN and ST. LOUIS Class Light Cruisers carry four-seaplane Units. The OMAHA Class CL's carry only two. Squadrons V CS-4 through VCS-9 operate sixteen or twenty active seaplanes; Squadrons VCS-2 and 3 operate six or eight. AIRCRAFT-CRUISER SCOUTING SQUADRONS (VCS) (Attached to Cruiser Divisions Jlearing the same numbers) U.S.S. WICHITA Ships & Aircraft Sections VCS-3 VCS-4 I VCS-5 VCS-6 VCS-7 VCS-8 VCS-D First (Flagships) .. CONCORD N OP.THAMPTON CHICAGO MINNEAPOLIS Wrc mTA PHILADELPHIA HoNOLUJ,u An eight-inch-g unned HHOOKLYN with nnt1 sual1 y arranged AA's. Note gun-houses above Turrets Two Second. CrNCINN ..\TI AuousTA CHESTER ASTORIA Q u1NCY BROOKLYN PHOENIX and Tiffee. Splinter screens now p1·otect her exposed AA's as in AUGUSTA (Left) Heavily armored Third . . MILWAGKEE PENSACOLA L OUISVILLE NEW ORLEANS T USC ALOOSA. SAVANNAH B OIS E for a J0,000-tonne r. \VICFl"ITA is the last of our Treaty-built Heavies. She has geared-turbines driving Fourth. TRENTON SALT LAKE CY PORTLAND SAN FRANc1s 'o VINCENNES NASHVILLE HELENA quadruple screws and carries a four-plane Section of V CS-7. Hangars aft as in the BROOKLYNS. Fifth . I . !NlHANAPOL IS ST. Loms 'The Nazi's HlPPER Class Heavies are the world's newest. ~ rh c ir protection riva!s WICHITA's. Note: INDTANAPOLIS, Flagship, Scouting Force; CHICAGO, Flagship of Cruisers, Scouting Force. \Vhen the European W a r began in Septemher 19 39 there were sixty-two eight-inch gunned "Wa ·hington" Cruiser Division Two and VCS-2 were reorganized during Fiscal 1941 with MEMPHIS as Flagship. Treaty Cruisers in service: one Spanish. two German, seven Italian. seven French, twelve Japanese, fifteen B1·iti sh and eighteen American. l\1ost of the foreign Heavies carry eight S's in four twin-mounts. LARGE CRUISERS-HEAVY CRUISERS SEVEN SHIPS: ASTORIA CLASS OF 1929-1933 Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commissioned NEW ORLEANS . .... 32 New York Navy Yard July 12, 1929 Mar.14, 193 1 Apr. 12, 1933 Feh. 15, 1934 ASTORIA...... 34 Puget Sou nd Navy Yard July 12, 1929 Sept. I, 1930 Dec. 16, 1933 A pr. 28, ID34 _N_'_an_i_e ___N_!,_e_r~-~_; _ _S_~_~_t_~-- ~:~: ~ ":~:;••·~~; ~:~;·;~ M•:• ":~~::(I'(\':'.-' t~;·~;~; M~'l MINNEAPOLIR. . .. 36 Philadelphia Navy Yard July 12, 1929 June 27, \931 Sept. 6, 1933 Ma)' 19, 1934 TUSCALOOSA ...... 37 New York S. B. Co., Camden Mar. 3, 1931 Sept. 3, \931 Nov.15, 1033 A,1µ. 17, 1934 6 Large Cruisers .. CB l-6 1 AN FRANCISCO .. ... 38 Mare Island Navy Yard Oct. 11, 1930 Sept. 9, \931 Mar. 9, 10 33 Feb. 10, \934 8 Ships ...... CA 68-75 13,000 • • • • • 9-8"/ 55 • • • • • QUINCY ...... 39 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Jan. 9, 1933 Nov. 15, 1933 June rn, 1935 June 9, 1936 WicmTA (F) .... . CA 45 10,000 614'0" 61' 9" 19'10" 100,000 32.5 " 8-5"/38 None 700 VlNC'ENNES . . ... 44 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Aug. 3, 1933 Jan. 2, 1934 May 21, 1936 Feb. 24, 1937 VINCENNES ...... " 44 9,400 58~'0" 61'JO" 18'" 8" 101,poo 32". 0 8-5:;125 " QUINCY ...... " 39 9, 375 SAN FRANCISCO (F)." 38 9,950 61' 9" 10' 5" 32. 7 TUSCALOOSA (F) . ... " 37 9,975 " " MINNEAPOLIS (F) . . " 36 9,~50 INDIANAPOLIS (F) . . " 35 610'3" 66' 111 17' 4" ASTORIA (F) ...... " 34 588'0" 61' 9" 19' 5" PORT LA ND ...... " 33 9,800 610'3" 66' l " 17' 1" NEW ORLEANS ... . . 11 32 9,950 588'0" 61' 9" 19' 5" AUGUSTA (F) ...... " 31 9,g5o 609/3" 66'u 1" 16' 4" 4-5:/25 Removecl .:F

(F): Flagship. *No in formation available. (1): Increased 1940-41; details restricted. (2): Peacetime complement. SIX SHIPS: ALASKA CLASS OF 1940 Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commissioned AI,ASKA... I New York S. B. Co., Camden Sept. 9, 1940 Dec. 17, 1941 . 1944 GUAM..... 2 New York S. B. Co., Camden Sept. 9, 1940 . U.S.S. TUSCALOOSA HAWAII...... 3 New York S. B. Co., Camden Sept. 9, 1940 Official U. S. Navy Photograph PHILIPPINES. . . . 4 New York S. B. Co., Camden Sept. 9, 1940 H eaviest of seven near-s iste1·s, outwardly similar though their tonnage varies over a range of 600-tons. PUERTO RICO. . 5 New York S. B. Co., Camden Sept. 9, 1940 Protection heav ier than in older types that relied mainly 011 minute compartmentation: .1-inch Decks and SAMOA...... 6 New York S. B. Co., Camden Sept. 9, 1940 Belts. 6- inch Turret Faces. 8-inches on Conning ·rowers. Earli er Heavies were fitted with two triple Six ships of an entirely new type, officially listed as Large Cruisers. No official data released. Press scts of 21-i_nch tuhes;, 1_- emoved circa 1933. The ASTOH.IAS have geared t111·hines, four screws. Range: 14,000-seamil es at cruising speed. Hangars house four seaplanes (folded) plus two knocj

J atnes Downey Nineteen six-inch gunned Light Cruisers were in service on December l, 1941. Four five-inch gunned ATI:-ANT AS have s_ince commissioned. . Thirty-eight CL's are under construction, including two of un· specified size authorized at~d ordered since Pearl Harbor. Additional Light Cruisers are included in the W ar Programs ; no details released on number or types involved. During early 1941 most of the CL's were assigned to D1vi s10 ns operating w.th the Battle Force, Pacific Fleet. Some of the OMAHA Cl ass Light Cruisers served w1tb D estroyer and Submarine formations, operating as Flotill a and Force Flagships. LIGHT CRUISERS (CL) U.S.S. INDIANAPOLIS I-loff111a.n Photos, L ong B each, Cal. Simila1· to the NORTHAMPTON Class but ten feet longer over al l. Squat foremast, light tripod aft. Dimensions Machinery Armament Aircraft POUTLAND has an extension OJl her first funnel. otherwise as sister. They are credited with four-inch Serial Stand- decks and three to four-inch belt armor. Additional 5-inch AA's installed 1940-1941; lower deck airports Name Number ard blanked off. Both carry four seaplane Aviation Units, I N DIANAPOLIS a fifth seaplane as Flagship. cout Ton- Length Beam Mean Horse- Rated Main Anti-1 Torpedo Ship Cata- Men ing Force. The SARATOGA's vertically striped island structure appears under the I N DlANAPOLlS' bows. nage Overall Draft power Speed Aircraft Tubes Unit pults ------2 Ships ... . CL 101-102 ------.------11 SIX SHIPS: NORTHAMPTON CLASS OF 1924 32 Ships . . CL 55 Type 10,000 12-6"/ 47 12-5 /. None 4 2 11 Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commissioned 8 Ships .... CL 51 Type 6,000 54 1'0" 52' O" 14' O" 75,000 37+ 16-5"/ • . 8-21 ( 2 None None 650 Name No. . . 26 Bethlehem B. B. Co., Quincy June 13, 1927 Apr. 12, 1928 Sept. 5, 1929 May Ii, 1930 HELENA. . CL 50 10.poo 6 1 ~'0" 61'" 6" 19: 9" 100~000 32 .5 15-6:/ 47 8-5=/ 38 N~ne 4 2 8~8 NORTHAMPTON .. June 24, 1930 u CHESTER .... . 27 New York S. B. Co., Camden June 13, 192i Mar. 6, 192 July 3, 1929 ST. Louis ...... " 49 " " . . .. 28 Puget Sound Navy Yard Apr. 19, 1927 July 4, 1928 Sept. 1, 1930 Jan. 15, 1931 HONOLULU (F) ..... " 48 8-5:/ 25 S~8 LOUISVILLE. Mar. 9, 1931 CHICAGO ...... 29 Mare Island ~avy Yard Apr. 19, 1927 Sept. 10, 1928 Ap r. 10, 1930 BDISE ...... "4i May l, 1928 Sept. 7, 1929 June 17, 1930 PHOENIX .... . •.... " 46 >!DENVER...... 58 New York S. B. Co., Camden June 12 1940 Dec. 26, 1940 Apr. •4' 1942 1942 others caps as in CHESTER above. For more recent view of Class see page ten (AUGUSTA). They were AMSTERDAM... . .5U New York S. B. Co., Camden July 1: 1940 May I, 1941 . rearmed during 1940·19-11. All carry four seaplane Scouts plus Flag U nits when operating as Flagships. SANTA FE..... 60 New York S. B. Co., Camden July 1, 1940 June 7, 1941 During early 1941 HOUSTON was Flagship of the Asiatic Fleet ; AUGUSTA operated as Flag, Atlantic Fleet. TALLAHASSEE.. . 61 New York S. B. Co., Camden July l, 1940 June 2, 1941 BIRMINGHAM.. .62 Newport News S. B. Co. July 3, 1940 Feb. 17, 1941 Mar. 20, 1942 1942 MOBILE. .63 Newport News S. B. Co. July 3, 1940 Apr. 14, 1941 May \5, 1942 1942 TWO SHIPS: PENSACOLA CLASS OF 1924 FLINT...... 64 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy July 1 1940 Sept. ~3, 1941 Launched Commissioned PASADENA...... 65 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy July 1' 1940 Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid SPRINGFIELD.. .66 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy July 1: 1940 New York Navy Yard Mar. 7, 1025 Oct. 27, 1926 Apr. 25, 1929 Feb. 6, 1930 PENSACOLA...... 24 Jan. 23, 1029 Dec. 11, 1929 TOPEKA ...... 67 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy July I, 1940 SALT LAKE CITY . ... 25 New Yark S. B. Co., Camden July 9, 1926 June 9, 1927 NEW HAVEN .. . . 76 New York S. B. Co., Camden Sept. 9, 1940 Aug. ll. 1941 HUNTINGTON.. .77 NewYorkS.B. Co.,Camden Sept. 9, 1940 Nov.17,1941 DAYTON . 78 New York S. B. Co., Camden Sept. 9, 1940 • WILMINGTON.. . . . 79 New York S. B. Co., Camden Sept. 9, 1940 BILOXI...... 80 Newport News S. B. Co. Sept 9, 1940 July 9, 1941 VICKSBURG ...... 81 NewportNewsS. B. Co. Sept. 9,1940 A 4 1941 PROVID~NCE ...... 82 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Sept. 9, 1940 ug. • ' MANCHESTER... . 8~ ~ethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Sept. 9, 1940 FARGO...... 80 }ederal S. B. Co., Kearny Sept. 9, 1940 CHEYENNE. .86 Federal S. B. Co., Kearny Sept 9 1940 DULUTH. . ... 87 Federal S. B. Co., Kearny Sept: 9: 1940 MIAMI...... 89 Cramp Shipbuilding Co. Sept. II, 1940 Aug. 2, 1941 WILKES-BARRE ...... 90 Cramp Shipbuilding Co. Sept. 11, 1940 Sept. •6, 1941 OKLAHOMA CITY.... . 91 Cramp Shipbuilding Co. Sept. 11, 1940 LITTLE ROCK...... 92 Cramp Shipbuildin g Co. Sept. 11, 1940 GALVESTON...... 93 Cramp Shipbuilding Co. Sept. 11, 1940 YOUNGSTOWN. . .. 94 Cramp Shipbuilding Co. Sept. 11, 1940 BUFFALO. . . .99 New York S. B. Co., Camden Dec. 16, 1940 NEWARK...... 100 New York S. B. Co., Camden Dec. 16, 1940 U.S.S. SALT LA KE CTTY Hoffman Photos A new 10,000-ton design, similar to the BROOKLYN-ST. LOUIS Classes but with three fewer 6-inch guns (As ,SAVANNAH, above, :nithout her Number Three Turret). The CLEVELAN_DS will carry twelve One of our two earliest "Treaty Cruisers." \Vrinkles that crept into their design have gradually ironed S·mch AA s 111 t"'.1~ mounts. Un.1ted States H eavy and Light Cru1.sers are named for C1ttes. Gu.nboats (PG) out. Two triple turrets fire over two twinned mounts. One more gun than the sixteen later Heavy C1·uisers. honor smaller .C 1t1 es. Large Cruisers are named for Terntones and Possessions. The CLEVELAND Credited with a range of 13,000-seamiles at 15-knot speed-a range equalled and exceeded in the later types. Class honors C1tt~s 111 twenty-seven States and carries the CA-CL Serial Numbers up to the century mark. The PENSACOLAS' AA batteries were increased during 1940-1941; after tripod 1-emoved, pole mainmasts Orders for two ships of the Class were cancelled on December 16. 1940: CL84 and CL88 (Federal S. B. Co.). installed. Eight 10,000-ton Japanese Heavies mount te.n 8-incb guns; fom 7,100 tonners mount six 8-inch. , ' 14 LIGHT CRUISERS (CL) LIGHT CRUISERS (CL) 15 EIGHT SHIPS: ATLANTA CLASS OF 1938-1940 SEVEN SHIPS: BROOKLYN CLASS OF 1933-1934 Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commissioned Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commissioned BROOKLYN ...... 40 New York Navy Yard Aug. 3, 1933 Mar. 12, 1935 Nov. 30, 1036 Sept. 30, 1937 ATLANTA...... 51 Federal S. B. Co., Kearny April 25, 1939 April 22, 1940 Sept. 6, 1941 Dec. 24, 1941 PHILADELPHIA ...... 41 Philadelphia Navy Yard Aug. 3, 1933 May 28, 1935 Nov. 17, 1936 Sept. 23, 1937 JUNEAU . . .52 Federal S. B. Co., Kearny April 25, 1939 May 27, 1940 Oct. 25, 1941 Feb. 14, 1942 SAVANNAH ...... 42 New York S. B. Co., Camden Aug. 3, 1933 May 31, 1934 May 8, 1937 Mar. 10, 1938 SAN DIEGO ... _...... 53 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy April 25, 1939 Mar. 27, 1940 July 26, 1941 Jan. 10, 1942 NASHVILLE ...... 43 New York S. B. Co., Camden Aug. 3, 1933 Jan. 24, 1935 Oct. 2, 1937 June 6, 1938 SAN JUAN .. _ ...... 54 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy April 25, 1939 May 15, 1940 Sept .•6. 1941 Feb. 28, 1942 PHOENIX ...... 46 New York S. B. Co., Camden Aug. 22, 1934 Apr. 15, 1935 Mar.12, 1938 Oct. 3, 1938 OAKLAND . -95 Beth. S. B. Co., San Francisco Sept. 9, 1940 July 13, 1941 1943 BOISE ...... 47 Newport News S. B. Co. Aug. 22, 19 34 Apr. 1, 1935 Dec. 3, 19 36 Aug. 12, 1938 RENO...... 96 Beth. S. B. Co., San Francisco Sept. 9, 1940 Aug. ~· 1941 1943 HONOLULU ...... 48 New York Navy Yard Aug. 22, 1934 Sept. 10, 1935 Aug. 26, 1937 June 15, 1938 SPOKANE ...... 97 Beth. S. B. Co., San Francisco Sept. 9, 1940 194 3 TUCSON . 98 Beth. S. B. Co., San Francisco Sept. 9, 1940 1943

U.S.S. ATLANTA (See Page 64) Official U.S. Navy Photograph First of eight fast Cruisers, our smallest since 1905. On trial ATLANTA bettered 40-knots, rivalling the performance of Italy's 11 ghtly-b mlt "Condott1en" Classes, twelve twin-screw speeds t~r s- long rated the world's fastest cruisers. Slate.ct to operate a s Flotilla. Flagships .with the Fleet's. screemng Forces, .the new 6,000-tonners carry sixteei;i. 5-mch dual-purpose g_uns m eight twin mounts and c;: 1ght 21-mc;:~ .tubes m fours. Two-dozen light AA's are clustered through their upperwork s. No permanent aircra.ft fac1hties, hanga rs .or catapults. Can carry a pair of seaplane Scouts on detached missions---:--~s the ERIE can:1es her VSO. Two ships of the Class are named for territorial capitals; five honor western cities. The namesh1p remembers one of the three " A-B-C" Cruisers that began the N ew Navy, the ATLANTA of 1883. A two-stacked 3,000-t?nner. she carried 21 guns: two 8-inch, six 6-i.nch and thirteen 4's. Note the new ATLANTA's tnple-herecl ma rn battery. U.S.S. NASHVILLE Official U.S. Navy Photograph Showing her square stern and aircraft handling gear. The hangar houses up to six folded seaplanes, parts equ ivalent to another and several spare engines, housed below decks protected in all weathers. An elevator TWO SHIPS: ST. LOUIS CLASS OF 1935 1 1 lifts her SO C's to main deck level; the crane hoists them to either catapult. During peacetime the BROOKLYN Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched CommisRioned Class carried four seaplan es. Their Aviation Units have probably been enlarged since hostilities opened. ST. L0UIS ...... 49 Newport News S. B. Co. Oct. 16, 1935 Dec. 10, 1936 Apr. 15, 1938 May 19, 1939 HELENA ...... 50 New York Navy Yard Sept. 9, 1935 Dec. 9, 1936 Aug. 27 1938 Sept. 18, 1939 TEN SHIPS: OMAHA CLASS OF 1916-1918 Name No. Builder Ordered Keel Laid Launched Commissioned OMAHA ...... 4 Todd S. B . & D. D . Co., Tacoma Dec. 26, 1916 Dec. 6, 191 8 Dec. 14, 1920 Feb. 24, 1923 MILWAUKEE ...... 5 Todd S. B. & D. D. Co., Tacoma Aug. 27, 1917 Dec. 13, 1918 Mar. 24, 1921 June 20, 1923 CINCINNATI...... 6 Todd S. B. & D. D . do., Tacoma Aug. 27, 1917 May 15, 1920 May 23, 1921 Jan. 1, 1924 RALEIGH ...... 7 Bethlehem S. B. Co., Quincy Aug. 21, 1917 Aug. 16, 1920 Oct. 25, 1922 Feb. 6, 1924 DETROIT ...... 8 Bethlehem S. B. Oo., Quincy Aug. 21, 1917 Nov. 10, 1920 June 29, 1922 July 31, 1923 RICHMOND ...... 9 Wm. Cramp & Sons, Philadelphia July 30,1917 Feb. 16, 1920 Sept. 29, 1921 July 2, 1923 CONCORD...... 10 Wm. Cramp & Sons, Philadelphia July 30, 1917 Mar. 29, 1920 Dec. 15, 1921 Nov. 3, 1923 TRENTON ...... 11 Wm. Cramp & Sons, Philadelphia Jan. 24, 1919 Aug. 18, 1920 Apr. 16, 1923 Apr. 19, 1924 MARBLEHEAD ...... 12 Wm. Cramp & Sons, Philadelphia Jan. 24, 1919 Aug. 4, 1920 Oct. 9, 1923 Sept. 8, 1924 MEMPHIS. . ... 13 Wm. Cramp & Sons, Philadelphia Jan. 24, 1919 Oct. 14, 1920 Apr. 17, 1924 Feb. 4, 1925

U .S .S. HELENA f)fficial U.S. Navy Photograph At anchor in Boston Harbor. She has since joined Cruiser Division Nine in the Pacific. 'I'he HELENA and ST. LOUIS are modified BROOKLYNS. After controls differ, ma inmasts stepped close to second funnels, AA's twinned in roomy gunhouses. The BROOKLYNS' exposed AA's have been pro.tected by s p!m~er screens. In other respects the Classes are identical. Geared turbines drive four screws m_ }:>0th. Crmsmg range: 15,000-rniles. Foreign sources credit them with 5-inch belt armor. 3-incb decks, .J·tnch turret faces a:nd U.S.S. MARBLEHEAD Official U.S. Navy Photograph 8-inch conning towers. They were built as r epli es to J apan's l\10GAMI Class. four 8 ..500-ton vessels mounting Representing ten fast Scouts. All mounted twelve 6-inch guns. Five now carry only ten. For some years the fifteen 6.l's in threes disposed as in the HELENA but with N umber Three Turret finng over Turrets Two and MARBLEHEAD carried eleven. Since 1939 she has served with the A siatic Fleet. During 1940-1941 the One. The MOGAMIS carry twelve 21-inch tubes. Our 10,000-ton CL's .and .CA's do .not carry torpedoes. German OMAHAS' AA batteries were increased; more than doubled. They carry two seaplanes. Geared turbines drive and Italian naval handbooks credit four NACHI Class Jap Heavies with eight 24-mch (609-mm) tor11edo tubes. four screws. Cruising range: 10,000-miles at 15-knots; 3,000 at 30-knots. They bunker 2,000-tons of fuel-oil.